Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maladies mentales – Traitement'
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Méliani, Boualem. "Traitement des donnees a la fois categorielles et continues en vue d'une aide au diagnostic en psychiatrie." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05S014.
Full textMissa, Jean-Noël. "Naissance de la psychiatrie biologique: enquête historico-empirique sur le traitement des maladies mentales (1920-1960)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211028.
Full textBahremand, Arash. "Potentiel thérapeutique de JJ-3-42, un nouvel agoniste sélectif des récepteurs 5-HT2C, dans le traitement des maladies psychiatriques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66680.
Full textIntroduction: Recently, various lines of evidence support the potential benefits of 5-HT2C receptor activation in different psychiatric disorders. In this regard, JJ-3-42 a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor agonist has demonstrated a promising profile in preclinical animal studies. However, the extent of central responses of this new compound in various dimensions of animal behaviour is not clear yet. In this study, we investigated the possible therapeutic implications of 5-HT2C receptor activation following the administration of JJ-3-42, using a wide range of animal models of mental disorders. Methods: Firstly, we examined the central outcomes of JJ-3-42 in a battery of behavioural tests in the brain-serotonin deficient TPH2-KI mouse model. Several standard tests related to cognition, anxiety, social interaction and repetitive/compulsive behaviour were used. In this study and for the very first time, we tested the JJ-3-42 molecule, side-by-side with a non-selective endogenous serotonin ligand, 5-HTP, and a potent and selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist, CP809.101, in a cohort of wild type and homozygote (HO) TPH2-KI R439H mice. Secondly, we examined the potential of JJ-3-42 to modulate the dopamine system using indexes of locomotor activity in wild type animals using different paradigms. In this regard, the efficiency of JJ-3-42 to resist the induced hyperlocomotor activity following the administration of different psychostimulants was evaluated. Moreover, the response of acute injection of JJ-3-42 on the innate locomotor activity of DAT-KO HO as well as the locomotion of dopamine depleted DAT-KO HO mice was tested. Finally, the effect of daily pre-treatment of JJ-3-42 on the locomotor response following cocaine administration in sensitized animals was studied. Results: We observed a significant reduction of repetitive and aggressive behavioural tendencies of TPH2-KI HO mice following the administration of various serotonergic agents. Using two selective 5-HT2C agonists CP809,101 and JJ-3-42, we showed that these beneficial responses were most likely carried via activation of 5-HT2C receptors in the brain. Moreover, we recorded a strong pro-cognitive and anti-compulsive character for the new 5-HT2C agonist JJ-3-42 across related behavioural paradigms in the TPH2-KI mouse model. Our results, also, indicate the favourable profile of JJ-3-42 compared to the other selective 5-HT2C agonist CP809.10 in anxiety-related tests. In fact, our findings show that, in contrast to the compounds, at a potent and therapeutic dose of 10 mg/kg, JJ-3-42 is devoid of any significant anxiogenic response in animals. In the second part of our experiments, JJ-3-42 shows a robust and dose-dependent antipsychotic profile by preventing hyperactivity of animals induced by the administration of apomorphine and amphetamine. Our results demonstrates that, at a lower dose of 10 mg/kg, this compound has no effect on the innate or induced hyperdopaminergic state of the animals while at 20 mg/kg, it reduces the locomotor activity in DAT-KO HO mice and psychostimulant-treated WT animals. On the other hand, JJ-3-42, at 10 mg/kg, potentiated the locomotor responses of cocaine and MK-801, pointing out a complex interaction of the serotonin 5-HT2C receptors and the dopamine system. Finally, our results indicate that the daily pre-treatment of animals with JJ-3-42 at 10 mg/kg, does not change the locomotor response of a challenge dose of cocaine in sensitized mice compared to saline in a seven-days sensitization protocol. Conclusion: These results confirm the positive behavioural outcomes of 5-HT2C receptor agonist JJ-3-42 administration in the regulation of different mouse behaviours. Our results indicate compelling antipsychotic and pro-cognitive properties of JJ-3-42 in various mouse models of mental disorders. This compound successfully reduced the impulsivity and improved the sociability of the animals with no evidence of anxiogenic response. Taken together, our findings suggest that JJ-3-42 might possess therapeutic indications in several dimensions of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, drug addiction or obsessivecompulsive disorders. Our study implies that this drug could conceivably lead to fewer side effects and better control of negative and cognitive symptoms in psychiatric patients. Finally, our results indicate that JJ-3-42 might reduce the aggression and impulsivity indexes in animals, which might point out to the clinical implication of this drug in the future. Considering the crucial need for the development of new drugs possessing better therapeutic efficiency and less side effects, the results presented in this thesis should be considered a substantial progress towards the advancement of the use of 5-HT2C drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Freland, Laure. "Mise au point d'une méthode de détection des composés pharmacologiquement actifs sur la voie D2R-AKT-GSK3." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28656/28656.pdf.
Full textMcKay, Anaïs-Monica. "Opter ou non pour des antidépresseurs dans le traitement de jeunes adultes aux prises avec des problèmes de santé mentale? : étude de facteurs non médicaux modulant la décision des médecins de famille pratiquant en CLSC ou en UMF." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25572/25572.pdf.
Full textBergeron, Aimée. "Les motifs de l'abandon du suivi psychosocial chez la clientèle ayant des troubles mentaux majeurs : le point de vue de clients et d'intervenants." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20883.
Full textEl, Barkaoui Radia. "Le traitement de la maladie mentale par la médecine traditionnelle au Maroc : rituels et pouvoir de guérison." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2054.
Full textThe purpose of our research is to study and explore the mental ilness field and its treatment with the traditional Moroccan medecine. In fact, the mental ilness field reveals a plurality of remedies associated with modern psychiatric care, a care by traditioonal system that occupies a very important place in the Moroccan health system such as fqīhs, and holy healers. In this regard, we have chosen to shed light on these means used in order to define their limits by revealing all types of practices of wichcraft linked to the supernaturel representation introduced by traditional practioners, such as the most famous Saint Būyā Umār (16th century) whou used to host the practice of chaining mentally ill people. This problematic situation sparked a great contreversy in 2015 witch ended up by its closure
Ortiz, Pierre-Henri. "Furor et insania. Conceptions, traitements et usages de la "folie" dans l'Occident romain." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0156.
Full textThis work surveys conceptions and treatments of mental illness in the Roman Empire until the dawn of Late Antiquity. We investigate legal and medical sources and examine different uses of the idea of “madness” in wide ranging discourse from this period in philosophy, tragedy, comedy, history, as well as in legal or political rhetoric. The historical approach, inspired by functionalist social theories, is designed to further understand the autonomy, and/or analyze the encounters of each of these areas of discourse as they deal with madness. The underlying objective is to extricate the structure of madness concept as a matter of history and to clarify connotations and semantic references in the use of the many terms that refer to madness in Latin sources. The work also provides a preliminary investigation for the study of if, and how, the Christianizing of the western provinces of the Roman Empire influenced conceptions, treatments and uses of “madness” in Late Antiquity
Paris, Julien. "Le traitement juridique du trouble mental. Essai sur les rapports entre Droit et psychiatrie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAD011/document.
Full textTo study mental disorder the first instinct is to turn to medicine, especially psychiatry. However, the law does have some sort of connection with this theme and the following study aims at comprehending the legal treatment of mental disorder. Based on the polysemy of the word “treatment” we will analyze the different ways the law deals with mental disorder and the level of freedom to which the mentally ill are entitled. As the most commonly accepted meaning of the word “treatment” refers to the way a person is addressed, the purpose of the following study will be to understand how the law deals with the mentally ill as well as the difference of attention given to the patients who are committed to a mental institution and those who are detained in prison. As the second meaning of the word refers to the way of solving a problem, this study will focus on how lawmakers reacted to the convictions passed by the European Court of Human Rights and to the unconstitutionality rulings rendered by the French constitutional judge. The second meaning of the word will also enable to study the root causes of the phenomenon of communicating vessels between mental institutions and prisons. We will see that the borders between law and psychiatry are porous; that is why the study will aim at analyzing the connections between law and psychiatry as well as their consequences on the mentally ill. The attitude towards sick people will depend entirely on the relationships between the two subjects. By giving a legal framework to psychiatry, the law attempts to promote access to healthcare and to reassert the value of individual freedom. On the other hand, psychiatry will influence the law, which will have to put in place systems to monitor and keep the mentally sick under control. The study of the legal treatment of mental disorder. Essay on the connections between law and psychiatry is at the core of the encounter between antagonistic values and concepts. Right and duty, freedom and safety, accountability and unaccountability, or care and punishment interconnect in a complex and interesting theme
Doumazane, Etienne. "Etude de la dimérisation et de la dynamique structurale des mGluR par la technologie trFRET : de nouvelles pistes pour de nouveaux médicaments." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON1T007.
Full textMetabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that regulate synaptic transmission. They are relevant therapeutic targets for neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson disease and schizophrenia.I developed a strategy to study the multimeric assembly of membrane proteins in living cells, through a combination of orthogonal labeling and time-resolved FRET. Unexpectedly, some subunits of mGluRs, in addition to forming homodimeric receptors, were found capable of forming functional heterodimeric receptors. Then, I applied these techniques to study the activation mechanism of mGluRs and their allosteric regulation. I demonstrated that a conformational change of the dimeric extracellular domain is responsible for the action of glutamate.In addition to increase our understandings of how mGluRs function, this work opens new avenues for the design of drug screening tests
MARCAIS, NATHALIE. "Place des unites pour malades difficiles dans le traitement des malades mentaux difficiles ou dangereux." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M014.
Full textMollard, Christel. "Le traitement médico-psychologique des détenus." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30006.
Full textPrison sentences constitute the first response to the requirements of delinquency repression in France. Since many prisoners, as they enter the penitentiary system, happen to be homeless, with no social security cover, physically and/or mentally ill, drug, alcohol or medicine addicts, the penal system finds itself confronted to a paradox between the needs of the detainees regarding health care on the one hand and crime repression on the other. This contradiction often has for a result that the prisoners’ medico-psychological problems find no solution in jail and remain as they get out. This situation may become prejudicial as much for the individuals than for the penal and judiciary systems. In front of the conflict between health care, punition and rehabilitation, this Ph. D. adopts a double perspective, both prospective and empirical: it aims at hanging together the recent legal reforms and the medico-psychological treatment practices that are currently at stake in a specific detention center
Duverne, Sandrine. "Vieillissement cognitif et maladie d'Alzheimer : comment les stratégies et les ressources de traitement évoluent en arithmétique ?" Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10026.
Full textTalon-Croteau, Jessica. "La supplémentation nutritionnelle dans la prévention et le traitement des troubles cognitifs associés à la maladie d'Alzheimer." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27109.
Full textLeBlanc, Valérie. "L'acceptabilité des traitements de l'agitation verbale selon les personnes âgées." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26446/26446.pdf.
Full textGrolleau, Adeline. "Usage de médicaments à visée psychotrope en population générale : caractéristiques et adéquation avec le(s) diagnostic(s) psychiatrique(s)." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21752/document.
Full textThe aims of this work were to assess the lifetime prevalence of psychotropic drug use and the characteristics associated with use, particularly the congruence with psychiatric diagnoses. The studies were performed using the database from the survey Mental Health in the General Population including 36 785 persons representative of the French general population. One out of three subjects reported a lifetime use of psychotropic treatment. The non-congruence between diagnosis and psychotropic drug was observed in the pattern “use without psychiatric disorders” as well as in the pattern “no use with psychiatric disorders”. So, only one out of three persons with recurrent major depressive disorder reported having used an antidepressant or a mood stabilizer. Regarding complementary and alternative medicine use, only 1,3% of persons reported use of homeopathic treatment for psychiatric symptoms. These treatments were mainly used by persons with anxiety symptoms in association with conventional psychotropic drugs. Further studies assessing the all the treatments used for psychiatric symptoms would allow to refine the results on the congruence between diagnosis and psychotropic drug and to estimate the number of persons avoiding use of conventional psychotropic drugs by using complementary and alternative medicine
Bergeron, Aimée. "Les motifs de l'abandon du suivi psychosocial chez la clientèle ayant des troubles mentaux majeurs : le point de vue de clients et d'intervenants /." 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26254/26254.pdf.
Full textAudrain, Catherine. "Soubassements historiques du traitement de la dépression." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3277/1/M9472.pdf.
Full textParent-Durand, Sébastien. "Fiction, folie et traitement de l'histoire dans La grande tribu de Victor-Lévy Beaulieu." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5220/1/M12738.pdf.
Full textLaGarde, Elise. "La stimulation du nerf vague pour le traitement de la dépression réfractaire : les résultats après un an de suivi." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10591.
Full textSince 2001, Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has been used in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in Europe and Canada, and in 2005 in the USA. European and American studies have shown a 50% response rate and 30% remission rate respectively after one year. Patient selection, driven by biological correlates and resistance criteria, may contribute to improved response and remission rates. This naturalistic study describes the follow-up of outpatients with TRD in individuals with unipolar or bipolar spectrum disorder (type 1 or 2) (n=13) treated with VNS. An exhaustive review of the medical and treatment history precedes an intensive clinical evaluation consisting of an individual evaluation and a subsequent team evaluation. A consensus is pursued, and if reached, an investigation of putative biological correlates of depression follows. This include a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and a positron emission tomography (PET), a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a complete blood count, a dexamethasone suppression test (DST), a 24h urine collection; a polysomnography, and a limited neuropsychological evaluation. After one year of treatment, 61,5% (8/13) responded to treatment with at least a 50% reduction of their symptoms. Of those who responded 87.5% (7/8) are in remission. All patients with bipolar disorder, and/or abnormal baseline DST and/or baseline memory deficit responded to VNS therapy and continue to be in remission at the 24 months mark. Careful selection of patients for VNS treatment can be a very effective method of treatment of TRD and subsequent prevention of relapse, resulting in a sustained normothymic state in most responders.