Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maladies respiratoires – Facteurs de risque'
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Fablet, Christelle. "Épidémiologie de la pathologie pulmonaire chez le porc en croissance : identification de facteurs de risque et perspectives pour la prévention." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S044.
Full textRespiratory diseases are a major health issue for pigs reared under confined conditions in intensive systems worldwide. Pneumonia and pleuritis are the two most frequent lung alterations. The aetiology of these diseases is complex and multifactorial. A better knowledge of the epidemiology of lung diseases is needed to implement adequate control strategies. The aim of the present work is to identify herd-factors associated with lung diseases, particularly pneumonia and pleuritis in slaughtered pigs from farrow-to-finish farms. Two preliminary observational studies were carried out to assess the relevance of different sampling methods to determine the infectious status of the pigs and to identify the category of pigs which must be sampled in a further analytical study. In a second step, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 143 herds to identify the risk factors for pneumonia and pleuritis. Infectious and noninfectious factors were founded to be associated with lung diseases. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, H1N1 subtype of swine influenza viruses are the major pathogens involved in pneumonia whereas Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the main agent associated with pleuritis. Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus acts on both types of lung lesions. Noninfectious factors related to management and husbandry practices, hygiene and housing conditions are also involved in pneumonia and pleuritis. All these results would be helpful to define appropriate herd health management programmes targeting the reduction of respiratory disease incidence
Nejjari, Chakib. "Aspects épidémiologiques du vieillissement de l'appareil respiratoire : facteurs de risque et impact sur l'autonomie et la mortalité du sujet âgé." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28387.
Full textLeone, Nathalie. "Fonction ventilatoire, asthme et facteurs de risque cardiométabolique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965432.
Full textJouanolou, Marie-Hélène. "Dysplasie bronchopulmonaire : étude prospective à propos de 243 nouveau-nés ventilés en 1991 au C.H.R de Bordeaux : incidence, facteurs de risque et moyens de prévention." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23087.
Full textBielle-Lecat, Chantal. "Tabagisme passif : évaluation de la prise de conscience des parents d'enfants de moins de six ans." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M110.
Full textMounier, Estelle. "Exposition des apprentis de la coiffure et de la boulangerie-pâtisserie à des facteurs de risque d'asthme." Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN11308.
Full textHairdressing and bakery are weIl known as occupations at risk of asthma. Exposure studies of apprentie es in hairdressing salons and bakeries are scarce, however. This work describes exposure levels and workplace air concentrations to airbome chemical products (ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, persulfates) used in hairdressing salons and personal exposure of flour dust used in bakery and pastry (PM2,5 et PM1O), and associated apprentices' exposure determinants. A questionnaire was completed by 586 apprentie es on their work activities and environment. 28 hairdressers and 34 bakery or pastry apprentices volunteered to undergo personal exposure and workplace concentrations measurements, during a cold and a hot season. Personal H202 and NH3 exposure values are greater than workplace concentrations, while the reverse holds for persulfates, with no seasonal variation. Exposure to flour dust (PM 10, PM2,5) is greater in winter than during the hot season. Results do not exceed the French limit values for NH3, H202, non specifie inhalable and respirable particulate matter. Average bakers' results were greater than the ACGIH recommendations, as were persulfates values. Few factors explained the high values of exposure; appropriate ventilation is showed as rarely implemented, however. This research suggests that reduction of exposure levels can be achieved, that would result in abatement of the risk of occupational asthma
Chaine, Marina. "Étude cas-contrôle évaluant le rôle de la naissance par césarienne comme facteur de risque dans la survenue d'une bronchiolite à Virus Respiratoire Syncytial (VRS) sévère chez des nourrissons nés à Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/27777/27777.pdf.
Full textBen, Romdhane Safa. "Effets du climat et de la pollution de l'air sur la santé respiratoire à Tunis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC027/document.
Full textThe Greater metropolitan area of Tunis, often referred to as Grand Tunis or Tunis, presents a vulnerability to air pollution due to the high concentrations of population and the infrastructures characterizing its territory. Ozone (O3) and particles (PM10) often exceed the Tunisian thresholds for these pollutants. As for the international standards set by the WHO (world health organization), they have not been met infrequently.The respiratory tract is a preferred route of exposure to aggressions related to the environment. Many lung diseases are directly linked to inhalation of pollutants in the atmosphere. The influences of climate mechanisms on respiratory health are also very extensive, including extreme weather events, also called weather paroxysms.The main objective of this thesis was to characterize the impact of environmental factors, climate and atmospheric pollutants on respiratory health in Grand Tunis. We have chosen to quantify this relationship from the biometeorological indicators and absolute thresholds of meteorological stress, specific Tunisian climate, and air quality to predict episodes at risk for respiratory health and thresholds of weather variables and air quality resulting in excess hospital admissions for respiratory causes. And this from the climate extremes of the parameters affecting the respiratory health : temperature, relative humidity and maximum wind speed. We, too, set realistic standards for air quality, relative to O3 and PM10, identifying critical thresholds excess hospitalizations in Grand Tunis and can be applied throughout the country. Given the effect of some climatic parameters on the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere, we also studied the relationship between climatic parameters and pollutants of O3 and PM10. The results of this study reveal that, throughout the year, Tunisians are confronted with at least an environmental risk : photochemical pollution and heat waves, which are very responsive during the hot season ; during the cold season, it is the risk of cold and particulate pollution; and during the off-season, biological pollution, together with pollen, is more at risk. However, short-term exposure to these risks, the worsening of the respiratory illness or irritation of the respiratory system is real. This study showed that the development and worsening of respiratory diseases appear to result from a complex interplay of individual and environmental factors. They are mainly in relation to time, air quality and atopy. The importance of these factors varies the respective disease. Moreover, the low socioeconomic status of the family increases the likelihood of being exposed to more of these risk factors. Added to this are behavioral factors such as alcohol, active and passive smoking
Giovannelli, Jonathan. "Description et déterminants de la santé respiratoire et cardiovasculaire dans deux communautés urbaines du Nord-Pas-de-Calais : l’enquête ELISABET 2011-2013." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S053/document.
Full textIntroduction. The general goal of the ELISABET (Enquête Littoral Souffle Air Biologie Environnement) survey is to study the respiratory and cardiovascular health in two urban areas in northern France (Lille and Dunkirk). The specific objectives of this thesis are to study: (i) the prevalence and underdiagnosis of airway obstruction (AO), (ii) long-term time trends in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors between 1986 and 2013 in the Lille urban area, (iii) the relationships between both the fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and the blood eosinophil count (B-eos) on one hand and asthma and atopy on the other, according to smoking status, (iv) whether low-grade systemic inflammation (as measured by the level of high sensitivity-C-reactive protein, hs-CRP) mediated the relationship between diabetes and lung function, and (v) the short-term impact of atmospheric pollution on lung function.Methods. The 3276 participants (aged from 40 to 64) in the 2011-2013 ELISABET cross-sectional survey were selected from electoral rolls by random sampling, and recruited between January 2011 and November 2013. A detailed questionnaire, lung function tests, and a blood sample collection were performed. (i) AO was defined by a forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio below 0.70 or below the lower limit of normal calculated by the most recent reference equations of the Global Lung Initiative. (ii) The prevalence of the main cardiovascular risk factors was estimated from representative samples inhabitants of Lille urban area from MONICA1986-88, MONICA1995-96, MONALISA2005-07 and ELISABET2011-13 surveys. (iii) Allergic asthma was defined as asthma (a self-report of physician-diagnosed asthma, and wheezing in the previous 12 months or the use of asthma medications) with atopy. (iv) Diabetes mellitus was defined as ongoing diabetes treatment or a fasting blood glucose level ≥1.26 g/L or a hemoglobin A1c value ≥6.5%. A mediation analysis was performed to assess and quantify the hs-CRP level as a mediator of the relationship between diabetes and lung function from a sample of participants without self-reported pulmonary and atherosclerotic disease. (v) Measurements of particles less than 10 mm in diameter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were provided by measuring stations ATMO in the two urban areas.Main results. (i) The prevalence of AO in northern France ranged from 9.5 to 16.0%, depending on the centre and definition used; the underdiagnosis rate was high (around 75%). (ii) A steady decline in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors over a 25-year period was observed, with the exception of tobacco use in women, prevalence of diabetes in men (both of which remained stable) and prevalence of overweight in men (which increased). (iii) A positive interaction between smoking status and allergic asthma was observed in multivariate models explaining FENO (p=0.003) and B-eos (p=0.001). Thus, compared to those without allergic asthma, participants with allergic asthma had higher FENO values (+63.4%, 95%CI=[39; 92]) and higher B-eos (+63.2% [38.2; 92.7]) in never and former smokers, but not in current smokers. (iv) Diabetes was associated with FEV1 (-3.5% [-5.8; -1.3]) and FVC (-3.6% [-5.9; -1.3]). Strength of both latter associations fell to -3.1% [-5.4; -0.9] after adjustment for hs-CRP. Hence, the proportion of the effect that is mediated by hs-CRP was 12% [2.4; 37] and 13% [3.7; 39.4] for FEV1 and FVC, respectively. (v) Measurements of PM10 and NO2 seemed to be associated with lower values of the expiratory flow at 25% of the FVC (preliminary result).Conclusion. Data from the ELISABET survey have allowed the study of the prevalence of AO and the main cardiovascular risk factors in our population. They also allowed obtaining original results from clinical and pathophysiological studies
Varraso, Raphaëlle. "Etude des facteurs nutritionnels dans les maladies respiratoires obstructives." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA11T007.
Full textBredent-Bangou, Jacqueline. "Analyse épidémiologique des facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaire en Guadeloupe." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR28828.
Full textJuillière, Yves. "Facteurs de risque et facteurs pronostiques dans la cardiomyopathie dilatée idiopathique." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10374.
Full textRadi, Samia. "Facteurs de risque professionnels de l'incidence de l'hypertension artérielle." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30012.
Full textArsenault, Benoît. "Facteurs de risque en émergence des maladies cardiovasculaires : de l'épidémiologie au métabolisme." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26342/26342.pdf.
Full textJannot, Anne-Sophie. "Détection et modélisation de facteurs de risque génétiques dans des maladies multifactorielles." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11TO20.
Full textArsenault, Benoit. "Facteurs de risque en émergence des maladies cardiovasculaires : de l'épidémiologie au métabolisme." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20958.
Full textDepuis les cinquante dernières années, les maladies cardiovasculaires (MeV) représentent la principale cause de décès dans la plupart des pays industrialisés. Malgré le fait que la compréhension des mécanismes sousj acents à ces pathologies, tout comme la qualité du traitement offert aux individus à haut risque de Mev ne cessent de s'améliorer, la morbidité cardiovasculaire diminue très peu et tend même à augmenter dans certaines populations. Plusieurs ont démontré que l'augmentation de la prévalence de l'obésité (particulièrement de l'obésité abdominale) et de la sédentarité pourrait, en partie, expliquer cette observation lourde de conséquences pour les systèmes de santé à travers le globe. Il est maintenant bien reconnu qu'une accumulation de tissu adipeux intra-abdominal ou viscéral est associée à plusieurs complications ± cardiométaboliques¿ qui augmentent le risque de MeV. Parmi ces complications, on retrouve entre autres une perturbation du métabolisme des lipoprotéines et des lipides, un état pro-inflammatoire et une perturbation de l'homéostasie du glucose et de l'insuline. Il est maintenantreconnu que les individus avec obésité viscérale sont caractérisés par de petites particules LDL et HDL. Les travaux de ce présent projet de doctorat ont permis de démonter que les hommes et les femmes caractérisés par ce phénotype ont un risque élevé de Mev. Par ailleurs, nous avons démontré que la sédentarité et l'ob.ésité abdominale augmentent le risque de MeV dans une vaste étude de population européenne. Nous avons également soumis l'hypothèse qu'un profil inflammatoire détérioré pouvait représenter un lien entre ces phénotypes et le risque de Mev. En conclusion, le présent projet de doctorat a démontré qu'au-delà des facteurs de risque traditionnels de MeV, plusieurs facteurs/marqueurs de risque ± en émergence¿ pourraient être utiles afin de raffiner la prédiction du risque de Mev en prévention primaire. Les prochains outils cliniques permettant l'estimation du risque de Mev devront prendre en considération certaines complications associées à l' obésité abdominale.
Bouchard-Mercier, Annie. "Génétique, acides gras oméga-3 et facteurs de risque des maladies cardiovasculaires." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25719.
Full textChronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are complex and their risk factors are regulated by many factors, for example the genetic background and dietary intakes. In this project, 210 participants were recruited. Two dietary factors were identified, the Prudent dietary pattern which was characterised by higher intakes of vegetables, fruits, whole grain products and non-hydrogenated fats and the Western dietary pattern, characterised by higher intakes of refined grain products, desserts, sweets and processed meats. Both dietary patterns modulated the expression of genes related to the immune system, inflammatory response, cancer and/or CVD. The Western dietary pattern was also associated with a metabolite profile which comprised greater concentrations of certain amino acids as well as small chain acylcartinines. To examine the interindividual variability in the response to a nutrient, a 6 week fish oil supplementation was conducted among the 210 participants. SNPs related to genes involved in de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation (ACLY, ACACA, GCK, RXRA, ACOX1) were associated alone or in an interaction effect with dietary intakes with the plasma triglyceride (TG) response to the fish oil supplementation. The genetic variability within sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) gene was associated with differences in the response of insulin concentrations following fish oil supplementation. In a second cohort of 691 participants, associations between SNPs, identified in a previous GWAS conducted among the 210 participants supplemented with fish oil, and TG as well as plasma phospholipid fatty acid concentrations were observed. This thesis also comprises a knowledge transfer section where the attitude was identified as the main determinant of the intention of dietitians to discuss nutrigenetics with their patients/clients. Globally, these results demonstrate that dietary patterns modulate the metabolism at several levels and that the response to fish oil is variable depending upon genetic profile and dietary intakes.
Ben, Hamida Rania. "L'énergie entre les opportunités de développement et les risques de la dégradation de la qualité de l'environnement : cas du gouvernorat de Sfax (Tunisie)." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10455/document.
Full textThis thesis has a dual purpose; it focused on the one hand on the role of energy in the industrial and economic development of the country and on the other hand on the impact of its use on the environment and health status of individuals. We developed and operated a database on the Sfax region, which has been used for empirical analysis suited to each area of research. The path followed to argue this thesis has led us to establish three chapters.At the first chapter, we particularly appreciated the role of energy in economic development of nations. Following our empirical analysis, two main results are announced, first, the presence of a long-term effect between energy consumption and economic development in the region of Sfax implying its economic dependence on energy. Then the existence of unidirectional causal relationship starting from energy consumption to economic growth. In the second chapter, we are interested in studying the impact of energy consumption on the deterioration of the environment quality. Two points are emphasized, first, a correlation is found between energy consumption and the following pollutants: PM10, SO2 and NO2. Secondly, the presence of tropospheric ozone (O3) in the air is not conditional on the energy consumption but rather to photochemical reactions involving NO2 and oxygen under the influence of solar ultraviolet radiation. Finally, weather factors, especially temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) affect the dispersion of pollutants and their accumulation around their emission sources. The last chapter is focused on the analysis of the health impact of air pollution. Adapted to the region of Sfax, three main findings are detected. First, cardiovascular diseases are affected by S02 emissions and while respiratory diseases are influenced by emissions of SO2 and O3. Then, a correlation is justified between O3 NO2, confirming the chemical reaction of ozone scavenging already indicated. Finally, we concluded that the wind speed (VV) affects the distribution of pollutants mainly NO2, SO2 and PM10. Temperature (T) in turn affects hospital admissions for cardiovascular reasons
Debette, Stéphanie. "Facteurs de risque de l'athérosclérose carotidienne." Lille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL2S058.
Full textBardel, Claire. "Mise en évidence de facteurs génétiques de risque en utilisant des phylogénies d'haplotypes." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066616.
Full textSoumaré, Aïcha. "Facteurs de risque vasculaire et performances motrices chez le sujet âgé." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T024.
Full textBennia, Fatiha. "Le risque cardiovasculaire : l'environnement de diffusion des facteurs de risque modifiables." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5060/document.
Full textHealth is a dynamic and multifactor construction which has both an individual and a social dimension. The latter may have a direct or indirect effect on the behaviour of individuals and their life choices. The Framingham study has revealed that cardiovascular risk is multifactorial and, as such, its estimate should be global. However, the assessment of global cardiovascular risk methods do not take into account the living environment of individuals, which would factor the development of modifiable risk factors. Through this work, we highlight the characteristics of the environment of dissemination of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors: metabolic and behavioural. Since decades, the North region of France has, for cardiovascular diseases, a high level of global and premature mortality. We are asked about the determinants of the situation of this region, by comparing it to other French regions and by exploring the link between a high cardiovascular risk and an unfavourable economic situation. Thus, we are interested in the link between the distribution of cardiovascular risk and the distribution of income, using normative criteria based on the concept of expected social dominance in terms of poverty. Shedding a light on factors favouring the occurrence of cardiovascular problems and analyzing the knowledge about the individual’s life environment allows a better understanding of the mechanisms of diffusion of the modifiable risk factors, with a double objective to lower the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and to reduce the social inequalities in health
Boullé, Gildas. "Les maladies parodontales : un facteur de risque additionnel pour les accouchements prématurés?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22725/22725.pdf.
Full textGYSENS, SABINE. "La somatisation et les troubles somatoformes. Criteres diagnostiques, facteurs de risque et modalites evolutives : une etude epidemiologique et clinique." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070058.
Full textThe concept of somatization is a difficult one. Different definitions for somatization and for somatoform disorders account for differences in prevalence, comorbidity, and risk factors. This study evaluates several classifications (dsm-iii-r, dsm-iv, icd-10) and operational definitions for these disorders. Moreover, their prevalence in a group of patients presenting with multiple unexplained somatic symptoms, their comorbidity with other mental disorders and their vulnerability factors are studied. Somatizers are known for the frequent consultations and medical interventions they require, and for their general insatisfaction with medical diagnoses or with the absence of an organic diagnosis. The evolution of their symptoms and disorders is difficult to assess. It is not clear which criteria should be used to determine whether a patient is improving. Although our patients were treated extensively and received somatic as well as psychiatric treatment in many cases, their symptoms often persisted and their attitude towards these symptoms didn't change
Dosy, Juliana. "Homocystéine et ferritine, facteurs de risque additionnels des maladies cardiovasculaires chez la femme ménopausee." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62580.pdf.
Full textBoniol, Mathieu. "Rôle des facteurs d'hôte et de l'exposition solaire dans le risque du mélanome cutané." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOMU05.
Full textGonedec, Fabienne. "Evaluation des facteurs de risque professionnels du cancer broncho-pulmonaire primitif : étude cas-témoin." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUEM052.
Full textClement, Florian. "Non-atteinte de l’objectif cible de LDL-cholestérol chez les personnes vivant avec un diabète et à très haut risque cardiovasculaire traitées par statine : incidence et facteurs de risque." Université de Montpellier. UFR des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques (2015), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONT3153.
Full textCowppli-Bony, Kwassy Pascale Ahou. "Epidémiologie de la démence : facteurs de risque vasculaire, accident vasculaire cérébral et risque de démence." Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21503.
Full textIn France for some years, public health strategies for dementia namely Alzheimer disease (AD), is more and more recognized as a necessary priority. Prevention of incident cases of dementia and medico social management of demented patients are key points of these strategies. Vascular risk factors (VRF) are more and more evocated for a contribution to AD pathogenesis which to date remains unclear. So VRF are a hope for the prevention of AD which is the most frequent type of dementia. However an important question remains debate : Do VRF have a "direct" influence on AD risk or do they have only an "indirect" influence on this risk with vascular disease as a stroke ? The diagnosis of AD at an early stage which has potential advantage for the patient and his family is mainly based on the generalist practitioner. This thesis of epidemiology assess in a french population, (1) the influence of diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking and stroke on the risk of incident dementia (2) the validity of a neuropsychological memory test for the screening of AD which could be used by the general practitioner
Bastien, Marjorie. "Étude des facteurs de risque de la maladie cardiovasculaire chez les patients avec maladie de l'aorte thoracique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28641/28641.pdf.
Full textMarquis, Karine. "Facteurs de risque de la maladie cardiovasculaire chez les patients atteints d'une maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25524/25524.pdf.
Full textNdiaye, Ndeye Coumba. "Approche méthodologique et expérimentale des études d'associations pangénomiques des facteurs de risque des pathologies cardiovasculaires." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10134/document.
Full textComplex synergies of multiple risk factors are at the origin of cardiovascular pathologies. Their genetic etiology has been extensively investigated but many questions remain on the identification of functional variants explaining the large genetic heritability of cardiovascular risk factors and gene-gene-environment interactions hiding or modulating genetics underpinning cardiovascular physiopathology.Herein we describe our study of the genetics of cardiovascular risk factors: lipids, blood pressure, haptoglobin and vascular endothelial growth factor.We performed Genome-Wide Scan Association Studies (GWAS) on a subsample of 631 unrelated children selected in the STANISLAS cohort and replicated our results in 9,000 children from four pediatric cohorts and 13,300 adults from three different cohorts.We demonstrated that genetic associations highlighted in adults were observable in childhood and addressed the tools missing in bioinformatics, biostatistics and methodologies used in GWAS approaches, notably concerning trasncriptomic validations.In summary, during our thesis, we followed an epidemiologic approach and proposed integrated designs in order to upgrade the investigations on genetic epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases
Lemarchand, Clémentine. "Facteurs de risque de cancers hormono-dépendants en population agricole au sein de la cohorte agriculture et cancer." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN3159.
Full textAgriculture is an occupational environment which expose to a large range of agents (pesticides, dust…), frequently associated with occurrence of several diseases. Only pesticides have been often studied but the role of specific pesticides remains poorly documented especially in France, first pesticide consumer among European countries. The aim of the thesis was to identify the determinants related to hormone-related cancers. This project relies on the data of the cohort AGRICAN involving more than 180 000 subjects. More than 11 000 cancer cases have been identified by regular linkage with cancer registries (2538 prostate cancers and 1087 breast cancers). Apart from tobacco-related cancers with a lower incidence, some cancers were more frequent in the cohort (prostate, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, skin melanoma and lip cancers). Insecticide applicators on cattle, mainly those with the largest number of animals, pesticide applicators on specific crops (fruit growing, cereals, potatoes and tobacco) and specially those who do not wear protective gloves, people performing reentry tasks in those same sectors had a greater prostate cancer risk. Potential exposure to organochlorine insecticides (estimated using the crop-exposure matrix PESTIMAT) also increased prostate cancer risk. Although female farmers had an overall decreased risk of breast cancer, peas and vegetables growers had an increased risk. Results seem different according to menopausal status
Chrysostome, Virginie. "Analyse intermédiaire de l'étude MSA-Aquitaine : prévalence, facteurs de risque environnementaux et histoire naturelle de l'atrophie multisystématisée." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23080.
Full textBouhali, Tarek. "L'adiponectine, un modulateur du risque de maladie coronarienne athérosclérotique dans l'hypercholestérolémie familiale." Thèse, Université Laval, 2006. http://constellation.uqac.ca/468/1/24822437.pdf.
Full textGeorgeon, Amélie Chironi Gilles. "Auto-évaluation de l'atteinte des objectifs thérapeutiques dans un service hospitalier de médecine préventive cardiovasculaire." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2009. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0510954.pdf.
Full textGiroux, Élodie. "Épidémiologie des facteurs de risque : genèse d'une nouvelle approche de la maladie." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010665.
Full textProust, Françoise. "Consommation de poisson et prévention des facteurs de risque de maladies cardiovasculaires dans des populations isolées." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29432/29432.pdf.
Full textLachance, Philippe. "Corrélation entre certains polymorphismes génétiques et l'expression de certains facteurs de risque de maladie coronarienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26472/26472.pdf.
Full textLapidus, Nathanaël. "Etude des déterminants individuels, collectifs et environnementaux du risque d'infection par le virus grippal pandémique A/H1N1." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066408.
Full textFactors associated with influenza virus transmission and susceptibility to infection still remain not well understood. The risk for infection can be considered as the result of an interaction between factors linked to the pathogen, the host (including the immune system) and the characteristics of exposure (environmental parameters and interhuman contacts). The emergence of the novel A/H1N1 virus, causing the 2009 pandemic, had offered a promising research opportunity to study the determinants usually associated with influenza infections in general and in particular regarding a virus for which the susceptibility of the population was very variable and linked with previous exposure of subjects to viruses that were genetically close. To study influenza infections and their determinants, a cohort of 601 households (1450 subjects) in the French general population was established in late 2009 using a multidisciplinary approach. The follow-up of this cohort, which involves the collection of biological samples and an active tracking of influenza-like symptoms, notably consists of a detailed collection of clinical and epidemiological data (including information regarding the subjects’ environment, their contacts, and their risk perception likely to impact their behavior). The analysis of this massive database offers a novel opportunity to study the risk of infection as a result of a complex interaction of factors which have previously been studied separately. This project implicated the use of new analytical methods, inspired by the “omics” approach already used for the simultaneous study of a large number of covariates
Petit, Laurent. "Analyse multivariée des facteurs de risque des hémorragies digestives en réanimation traumatologique." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR23101.
Full textNascimento, Stieffatre Marli Aparecida. "Maladie mentale et résilience : la réinsertion socioprofessionnelle des personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux graves." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083605.
Full textThe study of resilience in people with mental disorders begun since few years and publications are scarce. The psychological dysfunction is now considered as an evidence that protective factors were absent or unable to prevent the occurrence of mental disorders. However, this not imply that is impossible to develop in psychiatric patients capacities that may facilitate the implementation of the process leading to a better adaptation, to resilience. Retrospective study of 267 files, discussions with professionals working in the field of the rehabilitation, semi-directive interviews with patients and the administration of a self esteem scale showed that that implementation of the resilience process is possible. Results showed also that early traumatic events are related to poorer outomes. On the other hand, people with higher self esteem, with the feeling that they control theirs functioning and their environment, give a sense to their life and make plans for the future. The analysis of individual dynamics allowed the identification of the resilience process stages. The present dissertation proves the relevance of the resilience theory for the care and the follow-up of the psychiatric patients
Calavas, Didier. "Ecopathologie des animaux d'élevage : principes, démarches, implications." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10018.
Full textMasson, Philippe. "Etude des facteurs de risque de calcification rénale chez l'enfant broncho-dysplasique." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23016.
Full textAly, Jean-François, and Chantal Marie. "Facteurs étiologiques des accidents vasculaires cérébraux ischémiques." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN3080.
Full textThompson-Leduc, Philippe. "Prévalence et facteurs de risque associés au conflit décisionnel cliniquement significatif en soins primaires." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27540.
Full textClinically significant decisional conflict (CSDC) leads to poor patient outcomes. We sought to identify the prevalence of CSDC in primary care using the Decisional Conflict Scale (score ≥ 25/100) in five datasets of patients who consulted in primary care. We identified its risk factors using logistic regression analysis. Selection of variables was based on a review of the literature and on their availability in the datasets. The prevalence of CSDC in primary care varied between 10% and 31% depending on the dataset, a variation that could reflect the different types of decisions addressed. Overall, CSDC was more prevalent in males, people aged 45 and over and people living alone. Healthcare professionals should be trained in screening for CSDC in order to reduce poor patient outcomes.
Cazal, Julien. "Prévenir la maladie cardiovasculaire : socio-éthnologie du risque et de l'incitation sanitaire." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1727/.
Full textPrevention of cardiovascular disease is a major public health issue. The aim of the management is to train the patient so that he could adopt healthy behavior to reduce the risk of serious complications. Medical institution act in this direction on the development of self-government. From an ethnographic study conducted in two devices support (detection, rehabilitation) and interviews (n = 59) with professional and patient, research shows how to build "the self-caregiver" by training in risk and promoting change in lifestyle. The first part characterizes the intervention logic specific to each device and shows that the self-government is considered as an individualized or collective approach to risk depending on whether the detection or rehabilitation. The second part is, following an interactionist perspective, the construction of the risk and self-government within the devices. It shows that detection prevails risk learning through a comprehensive, multifactorial health, while in rehabilitation it is learning to live with the risk by a physical discipline. Finally, the third part shows, following a cultural approach to risk, how the medical establishment and the patient think the risk symmetrically. Three positions are determined in relation to the social positions of patients: the "admnistered" who is in the delegation to the medical community, the "medical helper" partner device that adheres to a model of prevention, "the patient-citizen "who is critical of the medical institution
Bourgain, Catherine. "Intérêt des populations à effet fondateur pour la recherche de facteurs de risque génétiques des maladies multifactorielles." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA11T033.
Full textVergnes, Jean-Noël. "Épidémiologie des maladies bucco-dentaires chez la femme enceinte : facteurs de risque et association avec l'accouchement prématuré." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1336/.
Full textPregnancy and oral health are connected by complex biological, behavioural and social links. Pregnancy may have repercussions on oral health and, conversely, some oral pathologies can have harmful consequences for the outcome of pregnancy. In the first part, we show that pregnant women frequently suffer from dental caries and that the disease preferentially affects the youngest age groups and women having certain unfavourable socio-economic characteristics. The second part deals with the association between oral diseases (periodontitis and tooth decay) and pre-term birth. The potential remote repercussions of oral pathologies may not have a purely periodontal origin. The bacteria implicated in the physiopathology of carious lesions could play an active role in the occurrence or aggravation of a risk of obstetric complications. In the third and final part, we show that pregnant women still do not avail themselves sufficiently of oral health care, a situation which makes a strong case for adapting current preventive measures and the way the cost of oral health care during pregnancy is covered
Piché, Marie-Eve. "Étude des facteurs de risque associés à la maladie cardiovasculaire et au diabète de type 2." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24206/24206.pdf.
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