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Journal articles on the topic 'Malagasy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 March 2023

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1

Margrave, Christie. "Malagasy ecopoetics." Journal of Romance studies 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 73–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jrs.2022.4.

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Malagasy literary production has long displayed a discourse with Madagascar’s unique environment, often linking this with an exploration of island identity. This article examines and compares poetic writing in Madagascar across 350 years. It studies the anti-colonial prose poems of eighteenth-century white creole poet Évariste Parny alongside early twentieth-century poems of Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo, who brings French Symbolism into contact with traditional Malagasy verse, and lyrical poetry by the musicians in the modern folk-pop band Mahaleo, who bring a mixture of traditions to a unique Malagasy style of music. Parny, Rabearivelo, and Mahaleo all build on and break with generic convention of poetic form, and all do so to draw attention to the island’s specific experience of ecological colonial violence and to their interpretation of eco-regional identity. Their writings help us make sense of the ecological changes in Madagascar during and after colonisation, and of the human response to these changes.

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Eggert, K. "Malagasy Commentary." Ethnohistory 48, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2001): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-48-1-2-309.

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Haring, Lee. "Malagasy Riddling." Journal of American Folklore 98, no. 388 (April 1985): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/540438.

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4

Anderson, Thomas. "Converting the Hospital: British Missionaries and Medicine in Nineteenth-Century Madagascar." Itinerario 41, no. 3 (December 2017): 539–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115317000675.

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This paper examines the attempt of British missionaries on Madagascar to use medicine and the mission hospital as a way to convert the Malagasy people during the latter half of the nineteenth century. In their attempt to educate the Malagasy about the benefits of Western civilization, which was often defined through science as well as Christianity, missionaries were challenged by Malagasy culture and the local environment. To counter the ability of the Malagasy to challenge Western methods through their cultural beliefs and healing practices and so convert the Malagasy to Western ways, British missionaries had to carve out a space isolated from the Malagasy environment. Medicine, particularly the mission hospital, offered a space to champion Western science and Christianity. In their attempt to bring civilization to Madagascar, missionaries directly tied together science and Christianity while domesticating the space of the hospital.

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Ratomaharo, Julia, Olinto Linares Perdomo, Dave S. Collingridge, Rabezanahary Andriamihaja, Matthew Hegewald, Robert L. Jensen, John Hankinson, and Alan H. Morris. "Spirometric reference values for Malagasy adults aged 18–73 years." European Respiratory Journal 45, no. 4 (November 13, 2014): 1046–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00114914.

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The American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) recommend that spirometry prediction equations be derived from samples of similar race/ethnicity. Malagasy prediction equations do not exist. The objectives of this study were to establish prediction equations for healthy Malagasy adults, and then compare Malagasy measurements with published prediction equations.We enrolled 2491 healthy Malagasy subjects aged 18–73 years (1428 males) from June 2006 to April 2008. The subjects attempted to meet the ATS/ERS 2005 guidelines when performing forced expiratory spirograms. We compared Malagasy measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC with predictions from the European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC), the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and the ERS Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 study.A linear model for the entire population, using age and height as independent variables, best predicted all spirometry parameters for sea level and highland subjects. FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC were most accurately predicted by NHANES III African-American male and female, and by GLI 2012 black male and black and South East Asian female equations. ECSC-predicted FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC were poorly matched to Malagasy measurements.We provide the first spirometry reference equations for a healthy adult Malagasy population, and the first comparison of Malagasy population measurements with ECSC, NHANES III and GLI 2012 prediction equations.

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Bensignor, François. "Ny Malagasy Orkestra." Hommes & migrations, no. 1302 (April 1, 2013): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hommesmigrations.2522.

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7

DORR, LAURENCE J. "IDENTIFYING MALAGASY TREES." BioScience 53, no. 7 (2003): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0678:imt]2.0.co;2.

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8

Keenan, Edward L. (Edward Louis), and Jean-Paulin Razafimamonjy. "Reciprocals in Malagasy." Oceanic Linguistics 43, no. 1 (2004): 177–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2004.0012.

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9

McInerney, Caroline. "Accessing Malagasy Citizenship." Tilburg Law Review 19, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2014): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112596-01902018.

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10

Avorgbedor, Daniel, and Lee Haring. "Malagasy Tale Index." Journal of American Folklore 98, no. 388 (April 1985): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/540445.

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11

Potsdam, Eric. "Wh-questions in Malagasy." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 34 (January 1, 2004): 244–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.34.2004.216.

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Wh-questions in Malagasy consist of a clause-initial wh-phrase followed by an invariant particle and then the remainder of the clause. This paper considers the structural analysis of Malagasy wh-questions and argues for a biclausal cleft analysis in which the initial wh-phrase is a predicate and the remaining material is a headless relative in subject position. The paper is organized as follows: Section 2 introduces some basic facts about Malagasy clause structure and wh-questions. Section 3 lays out two competing structural analyses of wh-questions: the cleft analysis and a fronting analysis in which Malagasy wh-questions are derived by wh-movement. Section 4 introduces various evidence in favor of the pseudocleft analysis and against the fronting analysis. Section 5 concludes.

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12

Paul, Ileana. "Reduced structure in Malagasy headlines." Linguistic Variation 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 292–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lv.14018.pau.

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Abstract This paper examines the register associated with headlines in Malagasy. While in many languages headlines appear to have reduced structure as evidenced by the absence of certain grammatical markers (determiners, copulas, tense), Malagasy headlines show a change in word order from VOS to SVO. It is argued that like English, Malagasy headlines involve a truncated syntactic structure and that the absence of certain functional projections accounts for the change in word order.

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13

LARSON, PIER M. "ENSLAVED MALAGASY AND ‘LE TRAVAIL DE LA PAROLE’ IN THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY MASCARENES." Journal of African History 48, no. 3 (November 2007): 457–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853707002824.

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ABSTRACTMalagasy speakers probably formed the single largest native speech community among slaves dispersed into the western Indian Ocean between 1500 and 1900. In the eighteenth-century Mascarenes, Malagasy parlers (dialects) served as a contact language, understood both by persons born in Madagascar and by those with no direct ties to the island. Catholic missionaries working in Bourbon and Île de France frequently evangelized among sick and newly disembarked Malagasy slaves in their own tongues, employing servile interpreters and catechists from their ecclesiastical plantations as intermediaries in their ‘work of the word’. Evangelistic style was multilingual, in both French and Malagasy, and largely verbal, but was also informed by Malagasy vernacular manuscripts of Church doctrine set in Roman characters. The importance of Malagasy in the Mascarenes sets the linguistic environment of the islands off in distinctive ways from those of Atlantic slave societies and requires scholars to rethink the language and culture history of the western Indian Ocean islands, heretofore focused almost exclusively on studies of French and its creoles.

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Serva, Maurizio, and Michele Pasquini. "Malagasy dialects in Mayotte." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 133, no. 6 (March 1, 2021): 68003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/133/68003.

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Eric Potsdam. "Malagasy Backward Object Control." Language 85, no. 4 (2009): 754–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.0.0160.

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16

Erwin, Sean. "Weightless Epenthesis in Malagasy." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 22, no. 1 (September 25, 1996): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v22i1.1358.

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17

Paul, Ileana. "Two types of non-noun-incorporation." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 34 (January 1, 2004): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.34.2004.214.

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The goal of this paper is to investigate cases of apparent noun-incorporation in Malagasy, a western Austronesian language spoken in Madagascar. Looking at examples [...], one may ask whether or not Malagasy has nounincorporation. [...] The organization of this paper is as follows: I begin with a general discussion of the distribution of nominals in Malagasy - with and without determiners. In section 3 I turn to […] two constructions […] and compare and contrast them. Section 4 details the analyses of the two constructions and I conclude the paper in section 5.

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18

Halvorson, Britt. "Translating the Fifohazana (Awakening): The Politics of Healing and the Colonial Mission Legacy in African Christian Missionization." Journal of Religion in Africa 40, no. 4 (2010): 413–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006610x545983.

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AbstractThis essay focuses on the evangelism of charismatic American Lutheran churches in Minneapolis/St. Paul by Merina Malagasy Lutheran pastors affiliated with the Fifohazana movement of Madagascar. By analyzing healing services led by one Malagasy revivalist, I argue that we may better understand how American Lutherans and Malagasy Lutherans are renegotiating the meaning of global Lutheranism while ‘reenchanting’ the body as a central interface of religious engagement. My main concern is to investigate how parallel framings of the healing services constitute a subtle traffic in representational forms that rework images of the global church.

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19

Nielssen, Hilde, and Karina Hestad Skeie. "Christian Revivalism and Political Imagination in Madagascar." Journal of Religion in Africa 44, no. 2 (May 21, 2014): 189–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12340004.

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AbstractThe point of departure for this paper is the particular role of Christian movements in Madagascar’s most recent political crisis. During the coup d’état in March 2009, ritual specialists from the Christian revival movementFifohazanawere called on to carry out an exorcism to cleanse the presidential palace of evil forces. This incident not only shows the significance of Christian revival movements within the Malagasy political landscape and society in general, but also indicates how Malagasy politics is imagined in spiritual terms. With its recurrent efforts to restore the nation-state, Malagasy national politics is impossible to understand without taking into account how thoroughly the Malagasy political imagination is infused with the cosmology and ontologies of power. This paper explores the ambivalent relationships between the various Christian movements and national politics in the light of history as well as through the recent transmutations of power, showing howFifohazanahave provided a site for the (re)production of the contemporary political imagination.

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20

Federman, Sarah, Alex Dornburg, Douglas C. Daly, Alexander Downie, George H. Perry, Anne D. Yoder, Eric J. Sargis, Alison F. Richard, Michael J. Donoghue, and Andrea L. Baden. "Implications of lemuriform extinctions for the Malagasy flora." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 18 (April 11, 2016): 5041–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523825113.

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Madagascar’s lemurs display a diverse array of feeding strategies with complex relationships to seed dispersal mechanisms in Malagasy plants. Although these relationships have been explored previously on a case-by-case basis, we present here the first comprehensive analysis of lemuriform feeding, to our knowledge, and its hypothesized effects on seed dispersal and the long-term survival of Malagasy plant lineages. We used a molecular phylogenetic framework to examine the mode and tempo of diet evolution, and to quantify the associated morphological space occupied by Madagascar’s lemurs, both extinct and extant. Using statistical models and morphometric analyses, we demonstrate that the extinction of large-bodied lemurs resulted in a significant reduction in functional morphological space associated with seed dispersal ability. These reductions carry potentially far-reaching consequences for Malagasy ecosystems, and we highlight large-seeded Malagasy plants that appear to be without extant animal dispersers. We also identify living lemurs that are endangered yet occupy unique and essential dispersal niches defined by our morphometric analyses.

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FISHER, BRIAN L. "Two new dolichoderine ant genera from Madagascar: Aptinoma gen. n. and Ravavy gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Zootaxa 2118, no. 1 (May 27, 2009): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2118.1.3.

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The Malagasy dolichoderine ant genera Aptinoma and Ravavy and the following species are newly described: Aptinoma mangabe sp. n. (type species), Aptinoma antongil sp. n., and Ravavy miafina sp. n. (type species). A key to the five dolichoderine genera of the Malagasy region based on workers is presented.

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22

BLAIMER, BONNIE B. "Taxonomy and Natural History of the Crematogaster (Decacrema)-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar." Zootaxa 2714, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2714.1.1.

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The taxonomy of the Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema) is revised and a total of six distinct species and one species-complex are recognized. Malagasy Decacrema are widespread ants in Madagascar that nest almost exclusively arboreally, either in carton nests or inside dead twigs or branches, and often tend Coccoidea. Four species are newly described here: Crematogaster mahery sp. nov., C. malala sp. nov., C. sabatra sp. nov. and C. sisa sp. nov.. The species status of Crematogaster grevei Forel 1891 is confirmed by the study, and one described subspecies, C. hova nosibeensis Forel 1891 is raised to species level (C. nosibeensis stat. nov.) and a neotype designated. Crematogaster hova latinoda Forel 1891 is synonymised under C. hova Forel 1887, and the taxonomic status of C. hova, C. ensifera Forel 1910 and C. schencki Forel 1891 is further investigated, but could not be resolved with methods employed here. The C. hova-complex, a species-complex consisting of five morphological forms, is hence defined and the three described species above are associated with these morphotypes. Full descriptions including natural history information are presented for all species and the species-complex, as well as images, distribution maps and a species-identification key to the workers of Malagasy Decacrema. A diagnosis of the Malagasy Decacrema and identification keys to the subgenera of the ant genus Crematogaster in the Malagasy region are also provided.

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Hendrokumoro, Hendrokumoro, and I. Gede Bagus Wisnu Bayu Temaja. "THE GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MA’ANYAN AND MALAGASY (HUBUNGAN KEKEKERABATAN BAHASA MA’ANYAN DAN BAHASA MALAGASI)." Metalingua: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/metalingua.v17i2.312.

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AbstractThis writing aimed to identify the relationship between Ma’anyan andMalagasy languages. Several related studies have been conducted butstill leave some aspects that have not been studied before; this writingwas conducted to address those aspects. This writing examined thelexicostatistics and glottochronology between Ma’anyan and Malagasy,the sound correspondence sets of both languages, and sound changes thatoccur in both languages. The data was collected via interviews, documented by note-taking and recording techniques. The data were analyzed by implementing lexicostatistics and glottochronology techniques to identify quantitative evidence. Meanwhile, sound correspondence and sound changes were applied to identify qualitative evidence. The results reveal that, in lexicostatistics, the cognate percentage of both languages is 37%. By glottochronology calculation, the two languages split from their protolanguage between 273 BC - 94 CE (2018). Qualitatively, there are seven sets of sound correspondence and four types of sound changes found. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kekerabatan antara bahasa Ma’anyan dan Malagasi. Penelitian terkait telah dilaksanakan, tetapi masih meninggalkan aspek yang belum diteliti sebelumnya sehingga penelitian ini dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi hasil leksikostatistik dan glotokronologi antara bahasa Ma’anyan dan Malagasi, perangkat korespondensi fonemis kedua bahasa, dan perubahan bunyi yang terjadi pada kedua bahasa. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode wawancara menggunakan teknik catat dan rekam. Datadianalisis menggunakan teknik leksikostatistik dan glotokronologi untuk mencari evidensi kuantitatif, dan menggunakan korespondensi fonemis serta perubahan bunyi untuk mencari evidensi kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa secara leksikostatistik kedua bahasa berkerabat sebesar 37%. Secara glotokronologi, kedua bahasa berpisah pada tahun 273 SM – 94 M (2018). Secara kualitatif, ditemukan tujuh perangkat korespondensi fonemis dan empat tipe perubahan bunyi.

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Pfosser, Martin, Walter Knirsch, Michael Pinter, Syed Shujait Ali, Suchandra Dutta, and Wolfgang Wetschnig. "Phylogenetic relationships of Malagasy Hyacinthaceae." Plant Ecology and Evolution 145, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2012.590.

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Nirina, Marie Ose Michael Harioly, Anjaramalala Sitraka Rasolonjatovo, Marie Osé Judicael Harioly Nirina, Sitraka Stella Andriamamonjisoa, Andrindrantosoa Rasamoelina, Aimée Olivat Rakoto Alson, and Andry Rasamindrakotroka. "Anemia in Malagasy hospitalized patients." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 4 (March 26, 2021): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20211335.

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Background: Anemia is a public health problem with major health consequences. According to the WHO, anemia worldwide is 1.62 billion people (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50-1.74 billion), which corresponds to 24.8% Of the population (95% CI: 22.9-26.7%).Methods: We studied the clinical and biological data of hospitalized patients who applied for a complete blood count in hematology laboratory of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Antananarivo hospital between January and April 2017.Results: Sixty-four percent of hospitalized patients had anemia. Anemia was more common in women. Anemia was encountered mainly in intensive care unit (33.9%) and occurred in perioperative cases in the majority of cases (33.4%).Conclusions: Anemia is a common symptom in hospitals, particularly in intensive care unit. In the Malagasy hospital environment, etiologies are numerous, in particular hemorrhage, sickle cell disease or cancer.

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Potsdam, Eric. "What Sluices in Malagasy Sluicing?" Oceanic Linguistics 61, no. 2 (December 2022): 757–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2022.0025.

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27

Aziz, Jake. "Realizations of Malagasy vowel devoicing." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010672.

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This paper investigates the acoustic realizations of so-called “devoiced” vowels in Merina Malagasy. Malagasy has five monophthongs (/aeiou/; Howe, 2019) of which /a/, /i/, and /u/ have been said to be devoiced. This paper represents the first thorough description of the acoustics of these vowels. In a production experiment, speakers pronounced 115 tokens involving /a/, /i/, and /u/ in prosodic environments described as causing devoicing. Preliminary results indicate that so-called devoiced vowels may be realized as one of at least three variants: devoiced, co-articulated, or deleted. When devoiced, which typically occurs following a voiceless obstruent, the vowel is realized as a lengthening of the aperiodic noise associated with the preceding obstruent. When co-articulated, which is common following some sonorants, the vowel is realized as a gesture on the preceding sonorant without taking up its own time slot; for example, /u/ is realized as a lowered F2 on the preceding sonorant, indicating rounding. Finally, a vowel may be fully deleted, in which case the vowel has no acoustic representation, neither as a gestural overlap with, nor lengthening of the preceding consonant.

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Rumpler, Y., S. Warter, J. J. Petter, R. Albignac, and B. Dutrillaux. "Chromosomal Evolution of Malagasy Lemurs." Folia Primatologica 50, no. 1-2 (1988): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000156336.

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Rumpler, Y., B. Ishak, S. Warter, and B. Dutrillaux. "Chromosomal evolution in Malagasy lemurs." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 39, no. 3 (1985): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000132134.

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Rumpler, Y., B. Ishak, B. Dutrillaux, S. Warter, and J. Ratsirarson. "Chromosomal evolution in Malagasy lemurs." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 42, no. 3 (1986): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000132270.

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31

Paul, Ileana. "Existentials and Partitives in Malagasy." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 43, no. 3-4 (December 1998): 377–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100024531.

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AbstractThis article discusses the existential construction in Malagasy, focussing on the distribution and interpretation of nominals. It is argued that the existential construction involves the raising of specific NPs out of the small clause complement of the existential verb misy. Nonspecific NPs, on the other hand, are shown to remain within the complement. That raising correlates with interpretation provides evidence in favour of the Mapping Hypothesis of Diesing (1992). Although the syntactic analysis accounts for the specific/nonspecific distribution in the existential construction, it leaves unexplained the precise interpretation of the specific NP, which may be either partitive, possessive, or locative. This article therefore argues for a relation, PARTITIVE, which unites these three readings.

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Godfrey, Laurie R. "Adaptive diversification of Malagasy strepsirrhines." Journal of Human Evolution 17, no. 1-2 (February 1988): 93–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2484(88)90051-6.

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Ganzhorn, J�rg U. "Food partitioning among Malagasy primates." Oecologia 75, no. 3 (April 1988): 436–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00376949.

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Keenan, Edward L., and Baholisoa Simone Ralalaoherivony. "Raising from NP in Malagasy." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 23, no. 1 (December 31, 2000): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.23.1.02kee.

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We begin this paper with a detailed study of Possessor Raising in Malagasy. Possessor Raising is shown to be exceptionally productive; moreover it largely conforms to the generalizations offered by Relational Grammar for Possessor Raising in general. But the incorporation it triggers is not of the same sort as studied in Baker (1996). Then we argue that Possessive Raising is a special case of a more general syntactic/semantic relation we call Raising from NP. This more general operation violates some tenets of Relational Grammar and appears to be a new type of derivational relation within generative grammar.

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Domenichini-Ramiaramanana, Bakoly. "THE CHURCH AND MALAGASY CULTURE." Exchange 22, no. 1 (1993): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254393x00119.

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Soodyall, Himla, Trefor Jenkins, and Mark Stoneking. "‘Polynesian’ mtDNA in the Malagasy." Nature Genetics 10, no. 4 (August 1995): 377–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0895-377.

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Kaufmann, Jeffrey C. "Archival Research in Antananarivo, Madagascar: The National Archives." History in Africa 24 (January 1997): 413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172042.

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The Malagasy proverb “You can't catch a locust if your armpit is not close to the ground” (Ny valala tsy azo raha tsy andrian'elika) perhaps characterizes archival research in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. There are at least eight research facilities with archival materials in town: the National Archives (Foiben'ny Arisivam-Pirenena Malagasy); the Academie Malgache; CIDST (Centre d'Information et de Documentation Scientifique et Technique); the National Library (Tranomboky-Pirenena); the University Library; and three church archives (American Lutheran, Norwegian Lutheran, and Catholic). In this paper I give some background information on the collections in the National Archives, outline how to use the facilities, provide an annotated bibliography of the finding aids there, and give some tips for one's stay in Antananarivo.Madagascar's National Archives inherited many documents from the monarchical period. At the beginning of the colonial administration, the French deposited royal documents at the Queen's Palace (Rova) in Antananarivo. During their occupation they added documents from the territorial and central administrations. The whole collection was transferred to French headquarters before the Malagasy direction of Civil Affairs was created. On 1 March 1958 the Service des Archives de Madagascar was instituted. From then on, the archives have been under the jurisdiction of the head of government.The National Archives are remarkable for their materials on the following topics: the history of the Malagasy people; their customs and practices; and their way of thinking that distinguishes them from the majority of other people. Moreover, the National Archives have collections that do not exist in other libraries, such as the Academie Malagasy and CIDST.

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PIGNAL, MARC, ROXANA YOCKTENG, DAVID J. HEARN, and JEAN-NOËL LABAT. "Adenia barthelatii (Passifloraceae), a new endemic species of Mayotte and its phylogenetic status within the genus Adenia." Phytotaxa 99, no. 1 (May 9, 2013): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.99.1.3.

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Morphological characters support the description of a new species of Passifloraceae from Mayotte Island: Adenia barthelatii M. Pignal, Yockteng, Hearn & Labat. Morphological and molecular data suggest that A. barthelatii belongs to the ‘warty-gland’ subclade of Clade V defined by Hearn elsewhere. Since the warty-gland clade is restricted to the Malagasy region we suggest a Malagasy origin of this Maorian species of Adenia.

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Bauret, Lucie, Aurelie Grall, Bruno Senterre, Germinal Rouhan, Sabine Hennequin, Atsushi Ebihara, and Jean-Yves Dubuisson. "New circumscription of Trichomanes cupressoides Desvaux (Hymenophyllaceae), an endemic filmy fern from the Seychelles (Indian Ocean), and new insights into the genus Abrodictyum C.Presl in the western Indian Ocean." Phytotaxa 202, no. 1 (March 6, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.202.1.1.

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The filmy fern Abrodictyum cupressoides, initially reported from Madagascar and the Seychelles (locus classicus), is often confused in the field and in collections with similar local species, especially the pantropical A. rigidum. A comparative morphological investigation of Malagasy and Seychellois specimens finds strong differences between A. cupressoides and A. rigidum as well as between Malagasy and Seychellois A. cupressoides, suggesting three distinct morpho-species. A molecular phylogeny based on rbcL sequences focused on the genus Abrodictyum shows the polyphyly of both A. cupressoides and A. rigidum, and reveals that A. cupressoides should be excluded from Abrodictyum, would belong to Trichomanes and is restricted to the Seychelles. A new description for Seychellois Trichomanes cupressoides is thus proposed. In addition, generic treatments for Malagasy T. pachyphlebium, T. madagascariense, T. boivinii and African A. guineense are discussed.

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YOSHIMURA, MASASHI, and BRIAN L. FISHER. "A revision of male ants of the Malagasy region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Key to genera of the subfamily Proceratiinae." Zootaxa 2216, no. 1 (September 1, 2009): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2216.1.1.

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Male-based keys to the ant genera of Proceratiinae in the Malagasy region (Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, Comoros, and Seychelles) are presented. All three extant genera known from the Malagasy region, Discothyrea, Probolomyrmex, and Proceratium, and an undescribed taxon, PRm01 from Seychelles, are included. Diagnoses and remarks on the subfamily Proceratiinae and its four genera, and a character table for these genera, are given. The males of all genera are illustrated.

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Serva, Maurizio, Filippo Petroni, Dima Volchenkov, and Søren Wichmann. "Malagasy dialects and the peopling of Madagascar." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 66 (June 2011): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0228.

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The origin of Malagasy DNA is half African and half Indonesian, nevertheless the Malagasy language, spoken by the entire population, belongs to the Austronesian family. The language most closely related to Malagasy is Maanyan (Greater Barito East group of the Austronesian family), but related languages are also in Sulawesi, Malaysia and Sumatra. For this reason, and because Maanyan is spoken by a population which lives along the Barito river in Kalimantan and which does not possess the necessary skill for long maritime navigation, the ethnic composition of the Indonesian colonizers is still unclear. There is a general consensus that Indonesian sailors reached Madagascar by a maritime trek, but the time, the path and the landing area of the first colonization are all disputed. In this research, we try to answer these problems together with other ones, such as the historical configuration of Malagasy dialects, by types of analysis related to lexicostatistics and glottochronology that draw upon the automated method recently proposed by the authors. The data were collected by the first author at the beginning of 2010 with the invaluable help of Joselinà Soafara Néré and consist of Swadesh lists of 200 items for 23 dialects covering all areas of the island.

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WESENER, THOMAS. "Re-discovery after more than a century: a redefinition of the Malagasy endemic millipede genus Zehntnerobolus, with a description of a new species (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae) THOMAS WESENER (Germany)." Zootaxa 3018, no. 1 (September 8, 2011): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3018.1.3.

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A new species of the previously monotypic Malagasy pachybolid genus Zehntnerobolus Wesener, 2009, Z. hoffmani new species, is described. The diagnosis of the genus Zehntnerobolus is updated and new characters of potential phylogenetic importance for the classification of Malagasy Spirobolida are described. The here described specimens are the first known representatives of Zehntnerobolus collected since 1900. The late discovery of another Zehntnerobolus is a clear indication of how little we know about the soil arthropod macrofauna of Madagascar. Particularly the eastern rainforest region and the north of Madagascar are still underexplored. The specimens were collected in the eastern montane rainforest more than 380 km south of the known distribution of the other Zehntnerobolus species. The collection method used, as well as morphological parameters of Zehntnerobolus indicate that its species live in the leaf litter of Malagasy rainforests.

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Novospasskaya, Natalia V., Antsa Miangola Malala Raadraniriana, and Olesya V. Lazareva. "IMAGE OF A WOMAN IN RUSSIAN, FRENCH, SPANISH AND MALAGASIAN LINGUO5CULTURES ON THE MATERIAL OF PAREMIA." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2019-10-2-301-322.

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The article offers an analysis of the paremias of Russian, French, Malagasy and Spanish, devoted to women. The research material was the paremiological units of these languages, obtained by continuous sampling from collections of paremias, works of art and bilingual dictionaries, the selection criterion is the presence of a woman’s lexical unit (French femme , Spanish mujer , Malagasy Vehivavy ) or a description of appearance, significance, behavior function as mother, wife, housewife, etc. in paremias in considered linguocultures. The purpose of the study is to reveal the universal and cultural-specific features of the concept of a woman in the considered corps of the Russian, French Malagasy and Spanish paremies. The tasks of the work also include consideration of the peculiarities of the paremiological and lexical units used in this fragment of the linguistic picture, as well as to describe the general and non-coinciding aspects of the origin and functioning of the antiparemia and the use of gradualness in the paremies. The selection and analysis of paremiological units showed that in the languages in question one can find paremic units characterizing a woman as ideal, intelligent, strong, etc. person, and also the importance of a woman as a housewife and her superiority over a man. A significant part of the analyzed linguistic material is made up of paradoxes in which a woman is compared with a female animal, a plant or object with which a certain quality of a woman is associated, and also a woman is presented as a stupid, talkative, unreliable, lazy, capricious person or unreasonable wife. The originality of the research is that the first time the analysis of the comparative consideration of the paremias about the woman on the material of the Russian, French, Malagasy and Spanish languages and the lexical and paremiological material of the Malagasy language introduced into the scientific circulation is made.

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RAKOTONIRINA, JEAN CLAUDE, and BRIAN L. FISHER. "Revision of the Pachycondyla wasmannii-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Zootaxa 3609, no. 2 (January 29, 2013): 101–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3609.2.1.

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Defining species limits and describing species of ants are important to identify taxa and habitats with elevated diversity in areas of high conservation priority such as the Malagasy region. The Pachycondyla wasmannii-group is revised in the Malagasy region where eight species are recognized, four of which are new: P. masoala sp. n., P. planicornis sp. n., P. tavaratra sp. n., and P. vazimba sp. n. Four species have been previously described: P. cambouei Forel, P. comorensis (André), P. perroti Forel, and P. wasmannii Forel. Pachycondyla perroti admista Forel is newly synonymized under P. perroti. Pachycondyla cambouei is widespread in eastern Madagascar, morphologically variable, and divided into seven morphotypes. An identification key to species and distribution maps are provided for the genus in the Malagasy region. All species are known only from Madagascar except P. wasmannii, which occurs also on Anjouan of the Comoros Islands.

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Rahelivololona, Elisette M., Eberhard Fischer, Steven B. Janssens, and Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison. "Phylogeny, infrageneric classification and species delimitation in the Malagasy Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)." PhytoKeys 110 (November 2, 2018): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.110.28216.

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The species-rich genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) is represented in Madagascar by no less than 260 species. We conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Malagasy Impatiens based on nuclear and plastid data and 52 accessions (representing 33 species) to: 1) reassess the monophyly of the Malagasy Impatiens; 2) assess the monophyly of the sections Preimpatiens (Humblotianae and Vulgare groups) with spurs and Trimorphopetalum without spurs as delimited by Perrier de la Bâthie, as well as that of the subgenera Impatiens and Trimorphopetalum as defined by Fischer and Rahelivololona; 3) infer the current status of some morphologically variable species; and 4) test whether the species of Impatiens from the Marojejy National Park form a monophyletic group. The Malagasy Impatiens are further confirmed to be paraphyletic with respect of the Comorian I.auricoma. The present sectional and subgeneric classifications of the Malagasy Impatiens are partly supported, with strong support for the monophyly of the sect. or subgen. Trimorphopetalum. Section Preimpatiens was not supported as monophyletic and neither the Humblotianae group nor the Vulgare group is monophyletic. Impatienselatostemmoides, I. “hammarbyoides”, I.inaperta, I.lyallii and I.manaharensis are either para- or polyphyletic and may represent morpho-species. The Impatiens species from the Marojejy National Park do not form a monophyletic group and therefore are suggested to be derived from numerous independent colonisation events from all over Madagascar followed by subsequent diversifications.

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BOUDINOT, BRENDON E., and BRIAN L. FISHER. "A taxonomic revision of the Meranoplus F. Smith of Madagascar (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) with keys to species and diagnosis of the males." Zootaxa 3635, no. 4 (March 28, 2013): 301–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.1.

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The species-level taxonomy of the ant genus Meranoplus F. Smith from Madagascar is revised. Two new species, M. cryptomys sp. n. and sylvarius sp. n. are described from workers and queens; M. mayri Forel, 1910, and M. radamae Forel, 1891, are redescribed, and queens and males for these two species are described for the first time. The first diagnosis of Meranoplus males for any biogeographic region is provided based on Malagasy species. Illustrated keys to all known Malagasy castes and species are presented. Diagnoses are given for two species groups: the M. mayri group and the M. nanus group. The diagnosis of the M. nanus species group from Bolton (1981) is thereby expanded with six new characters. Two species are known from the M. mayri species group and seven described species are known for the M. nanus species group, including the two new species described herein. The mouthparts, genitalia, and all castes, where known, of Malagasy Meranoplus are illustrated.

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Salata, Sebastian, and Brian L. Fisher. "Taxonomic revision of the Pheidole megacephala species-group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Malagasy Region." PeerJ 10 (April 26, 2022): e13263. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13263.

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Background The Malagasy Region, one of the top megadiversity regions, hosts one of the highest numbers of endemic and threatened organisms on earth. One of the most spectacular examples of ant radiation on the island has occurred in the hyperdiverse genus Pheidole. To this date, there are 135 described Madagascan Pheidole divided into 16 species-groups, and 97% of Malagasy species are endemic to the island. This study is a taxonomic revision of the Pheidole megacephala group, one of only two species-groups comprising a combination of native, endemic taxa and widely distributed introduced species. Methods The diversity of the Malagasy members of the megacephala group was assessed via application of qualitative morphological and DNA sequence data. Qualitative, external morphological characteristics (e.g., head shape, gaster sculpture, body colouration) were evaluated in order to create a priori grouping hypotheses, and confirm and improve species delimitation. Mitochondrial DNA sequences from cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene fragments were analyzed to test the putative species previously delimited by morphological analyses. Results We recognize three species belonging to the megacephala group: P. megacephala (Fabricius, 1793), P. megatron Fischer & Fisher, 2013 and P. spinosa Forel, 1891 stat. nov. Pheidole spinosa is redescribed and elevated to the species level. The following names are recognized as junior synonyms of P. spinosa: P. megacephala scabrior Forel, 1891 syn. nov., P. picata Forel, 1891 syn. nov., P. picata gietleni Forel, 1905 syn. nov., P. picata bernhardae Emery, 1915 syn. nov., and P. decepticon Fischer & Fisher, 2013 syn. nov. The results are supplemented with an identification key to species for major workers of the megacephala group, high-resolution images for major and minor workers, and comments on the distribution and biology of all Malagasy members of the group. Our study revealed that Pheidole megacephala, a species listed among the 100 worst invasive species worldwide, occurs in both natural and disturbed sites in the Malagasy region. The two remaining members of the megacephala group, most likely endemic to this region, are also present in anthropogenic habitats and often co-occur with P. megacephala. It appears that the Malagasy members of the group are generalists and dominant in anthropogenic habitats. Additionally, we documented the presence of supermajors in colonies of P. spinosa—a phenomenon previously not known for this group.

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Salata, Sebastian, and Brian L. Fisher. "Taxonomic revision of the Pheidole megacephala species-group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Malagasy Region." PeerJ 10 (April 26, 2022): e13263. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13263.

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Background The Malagasy Region, one of the top megadiversity regions, hosts one of the highest numbers of endemic and threatened organisms on earth. One of the most spectacular examples of ant radiation on the island has occurred in the hyperdiverse genus Pheidole. To this date, there are 135 described Madagascan Pheidole divided into 16 species-groups, and 97% of Malagasy species are endemic to the island. This study is a taxonomic revision of the Pheidole megacephala group, one of only two species-groups comprising a combination of native, endemic taxa and widely distributed introduced species. Methods The diversity of the Malagasy members of the megacephala group was assessed via application of qualitative morphological and DNA sequence data. Qualitative, external morphological characteristics (e.g., head shape, gaster sculpture, body colouration) were evaluated in order to create a priori grouping hypotheses, and confirm and improve species delimitation. Mitochondrial DNA sequences from cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene fragments were analyzed to test the putative species previously delimited by morphological analyses. Results We recognize three species belonging to the megacephala group: P. megacephala (Fabricius, 1793), P. megatron Fischer & Fisher, 2013 and P. spinosa Forel, 1891 stat. nov. Pheidole spinosa is redescribed and elevated to the species level. The following names are recognized as junior synonyms of P. spinosa: P. megacephala scabrior Forel, 1891 syn. nov., P. picata Forel, 1891 syn. nov., P. picata gietleni Forel, 1905 syn. nov., P. picata bernhardae Emery, 1915 syn. nov., and P. decepticon Fischer & Fisher, 2013 syn. nov. The results are supplemented with an identification key to species for major workers of the megacephala group, high-resolution images for major and minor workers, and comments on the distribution and biology of all Malagasy members of the group. Our study revealed that Pheidole megacephala, a species listed among the 100 worst invasive species worldwide, occurs in both natural and disturbed sites in the Malagasy region. The two remaining members of the megacephala group, most likely endemic to this region, are also present in anthropogenic habitats and often co-occur with P. megacephala. It appears that the Malagasy members of the group are generalists and dominant in anthropogenic habitats. Additionally, we documented the presence of supermajors in colonies of P. spinosa—a phenomenon previously not known for this group.

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Rabarihoela Razafimandimby, R. "Traditional Medicine Through the Filter of Modernity: A brief historical analysis." Health, Culture and Society 7, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2014.178.

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Traditional medicines still prevail in current Malagasy context. A careful historical analysis shows however that Malagasy traditional medicine has been screened through many filters before being accepted in a global context. Traditional medicine in its authentic form has been more or less rejected with the advent of modern medicine – although not without reaction. This paper will retrace the historical encountering of the modern and traditional to determine the extent to which traditional medicine is acknowledged and used in the current prevailing modern, rational and scientific global context.

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Keenan, Edward L., and Cecile Manorohanta. "Malagasy clause structure and language acquisition." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 34 (January 1, 2004): 178–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.34.2004.211.

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We argue that Malagasy (and related W. Austronesian languages!) has a positive setting for a macro-parameter RICH VOICE MORPHOLOGY which builds complex predicates that code the theta role of their argument: S = [[PreN(6) + (X)] + DP]. Manifestations of this parameter are: (1) Case and theta role are assigned in situ in nuclear clauses with no movement or co-indexing to a topic position. (2) Relative Clauses (and other "extraction" structures) satisfy the "Subjects Only" constraint, again with no movement or indexing. (3) UTAH is freely violated, as theta role assignment derives from compositional semantic interpretation. Predicates resemble lexical Ns in assigning case directly to arguments without using Prepositions and in combining directly with Dets to form DPs that include tense and negation (Keenan 1995, 2000). The major Predicate-Argument type is modeled on the Noun+Possessor one, not the Verb+Object one.

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