Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Malais (langue) – Analyse grammaticale'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 28 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Malais (langue) – Analyse grammaticale.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Abdullah, Mohd Nor Azan Bin. "Étude comparative des structures et des systèmes verbaux du français et du malais." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1018/document.
Full textHaving closely examined the history of Malay and Sanskrit, we have not only shed new light on Malay’sdrawing on Sanskrit but we have also observed that words borrowed from Sanskrit have beenphonologically modified. Furthermore Malay still uses Sanskrit prefixes to generate new words. Wepropose that Malay be attached to the ‘Indo-Malaysian’ language branch. We have analyzed canonicalsentence structures and have also compared the verbal system of French and Malay. Malay is a highlyagglutinative language whilst for French verbs this phenomenon is very rare. We have observed forexample that the indirect object is introduced by a preposition in French whilst prepositions are absent inMalay; that the Malay verb “ada” can represent certain meanings of ‘be and have’ in French (être andavoir); that transitive and aspectual structures are not the same in the two languages, etc. We havedeveloped a formal representation which enables comparing the French and Malay languages systems, thisbeing inspired by S. Cardey’s micro-systemic approach which has also enabled creating other verbal microsystems.In doing so, we have clarified the similarities and differences concerning French and Malaystructures and verbal systems
Ranaivo, Balisoamanandray. "Analyse automatique de l'affixation en malais." Paris, INALCO, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INAL0016.
Full textThe final aim of this thesis is the creation of an affixation analyser able of identifying , segmenting and interpreting affixed words containing prefix(es), suffix(es), and circumfix(es). The analyser has an input in Malaysian or Indonesian text. In this work, we study the standard Malay used in Malaysia, bahasa Melayu or bahasa Malaysia, which is written with Latin alphabet. To evaluate the accuracy of the analyser, we submitted Malaysian texts and one Indonesian text to the system. This analyser uses : a set of rules, a few list of exceptions, a restricted list of bases and formal identification criteria. The algorithm is non deterministic. Analysed words are treated without taking account of their contexts. The evaluation of the analyser gave around 97% of correct analysis and 2% of incorrect analysis. Very few affixed words were not analysed (rate less than 0,5%)
Choi, Kim Yok. "Essai de recherche en analyse contrastive et en analyse d'erreurs les systèmes morphologiques du français et du malais." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596709j.
Full textKee, Woong Lee. "Analyse de la catégorie grammaticale de la voix en russe "littéraire"." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H007.
Full textWith the syntactic and semantic definition of the voice, it is possible to systematize three forms of the Russian verb (active, passive, reflexive) into the two grammatical correlations: active vs. Reflexive, active vs. Passive. In this voice system of two correlations, the functional relationship between reflexive and passive can be determined, on the level of text formation, by the two dynamical mechanisms: deletion of agent in the passive and passivation of the reflexive
Tsigou, Maria. "La personne grammaticale en grec description et analyse." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H088.
Full textTalafheh, Amjad. "La terminologie grammaticale complexe dans le Kitâb de Sîbawayhi." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/talafheh_a.
Full textVillaneau, Jeanne. "Contribution au traitement syntaxico-pragmatique de la langue naturelle parlée : approche logique pour la compréhension de la parole." Lorient, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LORIS026.
Full textSalazar, Perafan Luis. "Évaluation de la compétence grammaticale chez des adultes francophones apprenant l'espagnol langue étrangère." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20011/document.
Full textThe framework of our study is focused on the assessment of linguistic and metalinguistic knowledge of francophone adults learning Spanish as a foreign language. This knowledge constitutes the basis of grammatical competence built by learners as they develop skills in the target language.Our aim is the observation of linguistic and metalinguistic knowledge used by francophone adult learners of Spanish as a second language (L2). Thus, we designed and directed an experimental study to 30 French-speakers with a threshold-level in Spanish, based on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (Council of Europe, 2001). Our approach consisted of two experimental tasks: A decision making task and a task of oral production. The first task was conducted with a grammaticality judgement test in which participants had to evaluate, in a limited response time, a corpus of 36 sentences (presented one after the other, at both written and oral). The second task was conducted with the definitive confirmation of judgments about the corpus. Participants were thus asked to give a final judgement about the correctness of sentences (without measuring response time). If they judged a sentence as incorrect, they have to specify the error and explain it. As for the oral production task, the participants were asked to produce a descriptive and narrative speech in Spanish by using visual stimuli (a comic strip). The results achieved allowed us to collect data on the response time, on the sentences judgment ability, on the type of speech used to explain the error and on syntactical structures used spontaneously in oral speech. Those data were analyzed and discussed with the aim of providing insights on the capacity of francophone adults learning Spanish as a foreign language for detecting and explaining errors in the target language; on their difficulties in acquiring the Spanish grammatical system; and on their knowledge to analyze and produce structures in target language.The results enabled us to reconsider the learning of Spanish grammar otherwise with a view to teaching models adapted to the metacognitive and metalinguistic skills of francophone learners
Vernaudon, Jacques. "Éléments pour une grammaire raisonnée du tahitien : analyse de quelques opérations et marqueurs." Paris, INALCO, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAL0021.
Full textThe syntactic study of the Tahitian language (Society islands, French Polynesia) carries out a thorough investigation about few grammatical and lexical markers, and the operations those markers are the trace of. This research lies within the theoretical and methodological framework defined by the French linguist Antoine Culioli. In the first stage, the analysis starts from few meta-operations (identification/differentiation, attribution of properties, existential predication) and tries to explain how those are engaged by linguistics means. In the second part, we propose a general and abstract characterisation of few markers occurring frequently (te, tē. . . Nei/na/ra, ua, e mea, ia, anaè and noa). This characterisation means to account for all the local values of the marker. It allows an unified perception of phenomena that seems to be disparate at first sight
Simon, Camille. "Morphosyntaxe et sémantique grammaticale du salar et du tibétain de l'Amdo : analyse d'un contact de langues." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA124/document.
Full textThis study falls within the larger description of the languages of the Amdo linguistic area. This area is characterized by the coexistence of Sinitic, Mongolic, Tibetic and Turkic languages, and, regarding Salar and Tibetan, an approximately seven-century-long contact situation. Salar language remains one of the less described Turkic languages and, because of its isolation from the other Turkic languages, displays many specificities. There exists no description of the Amdo-Tibetan variety spoken in the Salar-speaking region either, this region being very peripheral in the Tibetosphere. The perspective taken in this study is thus both descriptive and comparative. After a depiction of the historical and sociolinguistic characteristics of this contact-situation, we analyse in detail the grammatical categories indexed in the nominal phrase and in the predicate. Notably, we suggest a new analysis of the Tense-Aspect-Mood morphemes in Salar and we show that the Amdo-Tibetan evidential categories have been partly copied in Salar. Then, the question of verb valency is addressed, and the effects of language contact on the Turkic accusative and on the Tibetic ergative organisation are explored. We analyze the case markers not only as markers of syntactic dependancy within the verb predicate, but also in their role as or in converbs. Finally, we describe the grammatical voices attested in Salar and in Amdo Tibetan, and show that the syntactic and semantic characteristics are almost identical in the two languages
Seo-Seok, Ok-Won. "Fonctionnement et emploi de l'article en français dans un syntagme nominal." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H018.
Full textThe article in French constitutes one of the most important sources for learners of French as a foreign language. Regarded as a meaningless morpheme transmitting only few information, the article is often treated slightly in traditional and school grammar, but actually it represents considerable values in terms of "semantics" and "referential". The use of the French article was the subject of many researches (the work of Guillaume on the question is the most famous trace). Based on syntactic and semantic approaches, more "traditional", we propose a new approach - "semantico-referential" - which makes it possible to better account for the operation of the French article, in particular, for the operation of the article in a noun phrase : "N1 + de + N2"
Souque, Agnès. "Modèle de vérification grammaticale automatique gauche-droite." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENL012/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a model for automated left-right grammar checking based on analysis of a corpus of typescript errors. Studies in cognitive psychology have shown that the revision process works by confronting expectations with results. For humans, detecting a grammatical error therefore relies on an unfulfilled expectation on the part of the revisor. The model presented here is based on this principle. In order to deal with expectations from the point of view of computational processing, two common concepts in NLP are called upon: the unification principle and chunk segmentation. The former is particularly adapted to checking agreements, while the latter provides an intermediate computational unit to delimit, and therefore simplify, detection of grammatical inconsistencies. Finally, the model?s originality lies in the left-right analysis it provides, which is constructed as the text is produced/read
Mensah, Rufin Kouassi. "Les "équivalents" agni des constructions francaises en "de" : analyse contrastive." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040042.
Full textThe sémantic-syntactic description of the preposition knew during the last quarter century a renewed interest within various theoretical frameworks. Distinct from the prepositions with meants if not transparencies at last lexcalement partially paraphrasables, the”colourless” prepositions call protocols of specific, description and analysis, all the more specific, in addition, that our point of view is guided by a prospect contrastivist. The first part of the thesis proposes to study the various theoretical approaches of the prepositional category: distributionnalism, semantic guillaumienne, semantic cognitive. The second part proposes a systematic description of the syntagms in, distinguishing the structures binominals(SN1 of SN2), structures X of + infinitive, structure X of + adjectival and structures X of + adverb starting from a major distinction between a first unit of employment not contextuellement constrained. Beyond syntactic specificities of each one of these structures, highlighted need for dissociating, in the plan semantic, -employment where interpretation, accessible in a narrow cotexte, results from the report drawn up by the preposition on the basic of sémantico-referential property of the components which it links, employment where interpretation requires a broad cotexte, even an extralinguistic context. The third part is properly a contrastivist. It is based on the description of language agni, its typological localization and its principal phonological, morphological and syntactic charactaristics like on the installationof the corpus of reference(starting from recording on the ground, in Ivory Coast, in the villages of Akounougbé, Abiaty and Adiman). It develops then, from the particular point of view implied by our subject, of objective to examine the modes of transposition of structures in in agni
Odoul, Marie. "A la recherche des spécificités de la tradition grammaticale allemande (1618-1830)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA024.
Full textThis thesis aims to establish a history of the parts of speech in German grammar between the seventeenth and the early nineteenth centuries in order to highlight certain characteristics of the ways German grammar was described. A study of the parts of speech —which are a foundational feature of Western linguistic thought— provides an opportunity to highlight the ways German grammatical discourse is different from, or analogous to, other linguistic traditions. The descriptive trends and processes which emerge from this study can be positioned within the history of German grammar and more broadly within the history of other European grammars. This leads us to consider in more detail the descriptive choices and the theoretical viewpoints governing the development of these grammars. Although the specific features of the German language play a decisive role in the choice of a descriptive model, some initiatives in the second half of the eighteenth century adopt a multi-criterion approach to description, where grammatical categories are established through syntactic analysis. These multi-criterion descriptions, which sometimes present remarkable innovations in the history of grammar, can be seen as contributing to the change in German syntax that takes place in the first third of the nineteenth century. They therefore can reveal certain roots of this turning point in the history of German grammar
Laaroussi, Abdellaoui Zakia. "Sībawayhi et la tradition grammaticale arabe : deux systèmes d'analyse à l'oeuvre sur l'annexion." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030165.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the concept of annexation in Sībawayhi's Kitāb as in the Arab grammatical tradition through selected texts. It highlights two different explanatory systems, confronts them and analyzes their relevance. With regard to Sībawayhi, chapter 100 of the Kitāb appears of capital importance on the annexation, especially when this one is looked at, like does it the thesis, through the fundamental explanatory principle of syntactic freedom (tamakkun) developed elsewhere in the Kitāb. The thesis shows the reserves of the Arab grammarians towards Sībawayhi's categorization of the annexation (based according to us on the concept of syntactic freedom) and his theory of the governance / dependency (camal) according to which a noun can govern another noun by putting it in the genitive. The Arab grammarians chose an alternative explanatory system based on the theory of the governance / dependency (according to which a noun cannot govern another noun). This work reveals thus, through the treatment of the genitive in the annexation, two logics concerning the theory of the governance / dependency which do not give whole satisfaction. In addition, the thesis explains how the adoption by the Arab grammarians of an alternative governance / dependency system, presented by those like coherent with the Sībawayhienne approach, constitutes in fact a radical rupture with this one
Moumni, Jaouad. "Etude syntaxique des phrases négatives en Arabe et en Anglais." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030046.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the negative system of SA, MA and English within the generative framework. With respect to the tense system in SA, it is proposed that the imperfective verb is unmarked for tense, contrary to the perfective verb which is marked for past tense. Being unmarked for [+T], the verb moves to [T-Ø]. [T-Ø] is anaphoric, and therefore checks its time feature by coindexation with C° (time of speech). Accordingly, the present time reading is derived via a T-chain mechanism: [V-TØ-C°]. It is also argued that temporal information can be conveyed by different morphemes: C°, MOD [+NEG], NEG [+T], and T°. Chapter II investigates the syntactic structure of verbless sentence in MA. Adopting the rule of Copula Deletion, I suppose that the verbless negative sentence is to be represented as ma-Ø-š, where Ø stands for the phonetically unrealized “be-PRES-AGR”. Chapter III adopts the current analysis of do-support as a last resort strategy triggered by the verb’s inability to raise overtly to IP. Adopting this analysis, I assume that do is a verbal base introduced in syntax so as to support the inflectional morphemes. Finally, it is argued that Negative Concord is a characteristic of languages in which the regular marker of sentential negation is associated with NEG°. Spec-NEGP is filled by a non-overt operator which is associated with all [+NEG] XP by unselecting binding. Given such an underlying configuration, the NEG Criterion requires that multiple XPs, endowed with NEG features, undergo NEG-absorption so as to be interpretable as one feature in LF
Brault, Frédérick. "Forces et faiblesses de l'utilisation de trigrams dans l'étiquetage automatique du français : exploration à partir des homographes de type verbe-substantif." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/22111/22111.pdf.
Full textRoyer-Artuso, Nicolas. "Le morphologicocentrisme et ses conséquences : Supplétisme Radical; Lexicalisme ++; Structure (dés)Informationnelle; Portemantalisme; Paradigmatisme." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68346.
Full textThe present work is foundational, that is to say it consists of a search for foundations on which to build our analyses in a necessary way. This thesis explores the consequences of what I call lexico-morphologicocentrism. This term designates a position where morphology (and therefore the lexicon) is the center of the linguistic enterprise. On the other hand, to be able to arrive at such a position, it is necessary to give up certain ideas we hold on the basic units of analysis. The first part, on the phonology-morphology interface, shows the need to take the complete word, whether morphologically simple or complex, as the basic unit of analysis. This has consequences for our phonological theories. The conclusion is that we can adopt a phonological model that we could call 'Radical Suppletionism'. The second part, on the morphology-syntax interface, shows that, because the constructions are anyway present as the basic units of the so-called transformational-derivational analyses, one can therefore adopt constructionist models, which have certain different implications for what we propose for the architecture of language. In this sense, morphologism can become the center of the syntactic debate. To do this, the information structure is called to account for the 'residues'. The third part, on the 'semantic' interface, shows that from the conclusions of the first two parts, another perspective can appear, which I call 'Portemantalism'. This perspective is what leads me to develop the prolegomena to a polyphonic-harmonic model of semantics-pragmatics-discursive.
Lescano, Alfredo. "Vers une grammaire argumentative de la phrase : le cas de l'article défini et indéfini en français et en espagnol." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0054.
Full textThe general aim of the present thesis is to develop the first stage of an argumentative grammar of the sentence supported by the description of the French articles LE and UN, and Spanish EL and UN. By the term "argumentative grammar" we designate the knowledge that allows to predict the meaning of a sentence in the argumentative layer of sense. We suppose that two semiotic layers coexist in the sense. Of utterances: one relevant to the study of reference and truth conditions, and another one formed only by discourses (that we will assume of an argumentative nature) and relationships between discourses. Our work attempts to describe this argumentative layer in an explicit way by integrating the Semantic Blocks Theory and the Theory of Polyphony. Our analysis of the article leads to the following main conclusions: firstly, that the argumentative grammar of the sentence must simultaneously take into account the theoretical objects of these two theories and secondly, that this grammar is independent of referential phenomena
Bonthoux-Philippe, Brigitte. "Is THAT all right ? : le rôle de la conjonction de subordination THAT dans les énoncés de structure de discours indirect classique en anglais américain contemporain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0416.
Full textThis thesis tackles the question of the role played by THAT in the so-called Indirect Speech utterances. After exploring the information previously available in the first chapter, which shows that some contexts make the presence of the conjunction compulsory, the second and third chapters, organized around the non-neutral reporting verbs on one side and the commonest reporting verb say on the other, focus on its usage in American English through the use of the web-based Corpus of Contemporary American English. This leads to the exploration of the intentionality of the speaker using the pattern mentioned above. More specifically, this study tests the idea that the intentionality might impact the presence of THAT, and inversely, that its absence or presence can help recognize the intentionality of the speaker and thus can hint at differentiated occurrences having the same structure but not the same meaning. In turn, this implies that some items answer the definition of indirect speech when others fall outside its scope. In the former cases, its absence brings nuances (questioning the contents of the subordinate or showing it as false). In the latter cases, the substance of the seeming subordinate seems more important than the introducing clause which is therefore used to assert strongly, to introduce facts, or to present information without committing
Bardury, Daniel. "Préposition et cognition en créole martiniquais." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0736/document.
Full textThe study of prepositions represents one of the fundamental topics of cognitive linguistics. The aim of this dissertation is to show to what extent a preposition can contribute to the emergence of the significance of utterances in the Martinican creole language, the language under study. The preposition is central to the relation « Figure-Ground ». It is from this functional relation that we can define the conceptual links that the preposition establishes between the linguistic units that it binds together. We thus want to highlight the subtilety of the notional substance of these morphemes. This notional substance feeds on the pragmatic meanings that these polysemous morphemes can have owing to their deformability. In order to describe the uses of a preposition, we must first establish its distribution. We will, therefore, use data containing tokens of prepositions in order to propose a cognitive analysis of these latter. We will not use a comparative approach. However, we cannot ignore the diglossic relation between Martinican Creole and French. We will have occasion to show how, from a sociolinguistic point of view, a language considered as the « low » variety (basilect), and a language considered as the « high » variety (acrolect), can affect each other conceptually. Prepositions are morphemes which illustrate the dynamics of Martinican Creole. It suffices to observe the uses of the doublets asou-anlè (on), ba-pou (for), épi-ek (with), and the allomorphs an, ann, nan, adan, andidan, anndan, dan (in) in order to understand this. It is, then, « in relation to our knowledge of the world » (VANDELOISE 1986:241) that we will propose a cognitive analysis of prepositions in Martinican Creole. Prepositions invite us to consider such phenomena as apheresis, deflexivity, stranded preposition, verbal serialisation, prefixation, diagrammatic iconicity and indexicality. We will show how épi (with), a morpheme encoding the concept of association, includes an archisemic feature, the comitative
Lacroix, René. "Description du dialecte laze d’Arhavi (caucasique du sud, Turquie) : grammaire et textes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20091/document.
Full textThe present work is a grammatical description of the Arhavi dialect of Laz, together with texts. Laz belongs to the South Caucasian (or ‘Kartvelian’) language family, alongside Mingrelian, Georgian and Svan. It is spoken in north-east Turkey. In the 1965 Turkish census, the last official statistic, 85,108 persons identified themselves as speakers of Laz.Laz is an endangered and unwritten language. All speakers are bilingual in Turkish; young people still understand the language, but do not speak it.Up until now, the grammar of Laz has only been known from older or incomplete works. The present study is the first comprehensive description of a Laz dialect.In the first part of this study, the following topics are discussed: the phonology, the phonological and morphophonological processes, the noun phrase, the interlocutive (1st and 2nd person), demonstrative and emphatic-reflexive pronouns, the interrogative and indefinite pronouns, the postpositions, the adverbs, the finite verb, the non-finite verb, the simple sentence and the complex sentence (relative clauses, adverbial clauses, complement clauses and conditional clauses). In the chapter on finite verbs, particular attention is devoted to cross-referencing affixes, tenses, spatial and affirmative preverbs, valency-changing operations (middle, applicative, potential-deagentive, causative), irregular verbs and the formation of verbal lexemes, and a morphological classification of verbs is put forward. A hypothesis is proposed to explain the origin of some cross-referencing suffixes. In the chapter on simple sentences, I examine the syntactic characteristics of core arguments, in particular of non-canonical (dative) subjects.In the second part, I present ten texts which I collected during fieldwork.This study is typologically oriented. As a consequence, it sometimes departs from other works on South Caucasian languages, which are commonly based on traditional Georgian grammar, when it is helpful to compare Laz with what has been observed in other languages
Benmahammed, Younes. "Les séquences figées en arabe classique : séquences figées verbales VSO, étude sémantique et morpho-syntaxique." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030021.
Full textFirst, we introduce our research and the importance of the subject of frozeness treated and the method adopted in these pages. The second part, concerns the "Theoritical description and a general synthesis" organized in two chapters : one dealing with the terminology that the ancien grammarians and rhetoricians arabophones utilised in their products; the other presentig a summing up of their general and specialised works. In a third time, one will find in the "Practical application of the semantic, morpholocial and syntactic constraints and transformational operations", the tests chosen to -spot and- measure the acceptability degree of the derivative expressions: (1) determination, (2) tense, (3) number, (4) gender, (5) verbal and nominal substitution, (6) insertion, (7) permutation, (8) passivation, (9) nominalisation, (10) negation. In each group of expressions, a series of notation is employed for the degree of the lexical (sometimes semantic and syntactic) acceptability of every derivative sequence. Finally, we close our research by a synthetic conclusion in which are remind the capital points and resualts of our analysis without forgetting some difficulties encouterded and some perspectives for future researches. The objective is to facilatate the translation and the didactic operation via a digital data base
Armbrecht, Constanze. "De l'espace à la modalité : la locution adverbiale polyvalente 'jusqu'à un certain point'." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC027.
Full textThis thesis stems from a project aimed at exploring marginal quantifying expressions. Whereas there is an abundant literature on quantifying determiners, for instance, the study of quantifying/intensifying adverbial phrases is not very advanced yet. This thesis thus focuses on a quantifying adverbial phrase on the margins of quantification research: jusqu’à un certain point (to a certain extend/up to a certain point). The analysis is based on a written corpus using different sources. Part one offers three studies of the adverbial phrase’s constituents, the preposition jusque, the determiner un certain and the noun point. Part two introduces an overview of the current uses of jusqu’à un certain point, shows the adverbial phrase’s synchronic fixation and describes its evolution since its first appearance in Frantext in 1671. Six contemporary uses can be distinguished: endophrastic jusqu’à un certain point functions as an adverb of completion, degree or “limit”. Exophrastic jusqu’à un certain point functions as a modal, a hedge (shield or approximator). There are hybrid cases activating quantitative and modal values in parallel. Finally, the adverbial phrase can function as an argumentative pivot with properties of a modalisateur déréalisant of Ducrot. Part three examines the adverbial status of jusqu’à un certain point, its interaction with different predicate types, the role played by its syntactical position, its conceptualization within a cognitive semantic perspective and its role as a discourse operator participating in the articulation of argumentation
Fatello, Fabienne. "Les emplois de "quando" dans différents genres textuels du latin préclassique au latin postclassique." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL002.
Full textThis corpus-based study analyses the use of quando (quandoque, quandoquidem, quandocumque) in different textual genres from Early to Postclassical Latin. From the Bibliotheca Teubneriana Latina CD-ROM (BTL-4) we have listed the instances of quando in Plaute’s Comedies, Cicero’s Discourses, Lucretius’ De rerum natura, Livy’s History of Rome and Seneca’s Moral Essays. Quando can be used as an interrogative, indefinite and relative adverb or as a temporal or causal conjunction. But the classification of these different uses is not possible without a macro-syntactic approach that combines morpho-syntactic, semantic and enunciative points of view. First, the study of this multifunctional term raises the question of its integration in the sentence structure. Thus the functional interference of its use as a relative adverb and as a temporal conjunction shows that the frontiers between syntactical functions are malleable. Furthermore, the semantic ambiguity invites us to extend the analyses to the contextual inferences to distinguish for instance its temporal and causal use. Moreover we cannot analyse the use of quando without considering its illocutionary force: for instance the questions introduced by quando perform a great variety of speech acts which reveal certain characteristics of the literary genre. Finally, the methods of Functional Grammar are necessary to study the level quando affects in the sentence structure, as the causal subordinate clause provides information on the interpersonal level and can be considered as a disjunct satellite. In the light of these considerations, it is evident that an eclectic approach is necessary to study the use of quando: only different linguistic approaches, combining the morpho-syntactic, semantic and enunciative point of view in an empirical description of its occurrences, can define the value of the different uses of quando. Thus the significance of this study resides in the multifunctionality of quando which allows us to consider a large variety of linguistic and extra-linguistic problems occurring not only at multiple levels of the sentence structure, but extended even to the larger context of the speech interaction and intimately linked to the authors writing techniques and the speakers discursive intentions
Dumas, Alice. "Les mots en question dans La Vie de Marianne et Le Paysan parvenu de Marivaux : approche sémantique." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3015.
Full textWords are a focal point in the whole work of Marivaux. This theme could be important in any literature production but it seems to be particularly significant in the one for which « marivaudage » was created for. Marivaux enhances the doubt about word meaning, he exhibits the polysemous nature of each term in order to reveal an unknown level of semantic. In his complex work, words are suspected to be abused, distorded, misunderstood, manipulated. This scepticism that we can find in the novels themselves is a proof that Marivaux thinks about words as an author and as a philosopher. My work tries to investigate on why words are questioned so often and how Marivaux can handle it : first, examining context, the early XVIIIth century offered a fertile ground to that type of reflexion, then looking at the repetition in the texts, to finish with words associated with other worlds, in a sentence, in a text, in a speech to see how these interactions can influence its meaning
Muller, Philippe. "Eléments pour une caractérisation abstraite du verbe anglais " want "." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01038029.
Full textGarnier, Marie. "Utilisation de méthodes linguistiques pour la détection et la correction automatisées d'erreurs produites par des francophones écrivant en anglais." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20040/document.
Full textThe starting point of this research is the observation that French speakers writing in English in personal or professional contexts still encounter grammatical difficulties, even at intermediate to advanced levels. The first tools they can reach for to correct those errors, automatic grammar checkers, do not offer corrections for a large number of the errors produced by French-speaking users of English, especially because those tools are rarely designed for L2 users. We propose to identify the difficulties encountered by these speakers through the detection of errors in a representative corpus, and to create a linguistic model of errors and corrections. The model is the result of the thorough linguistic analysis of the phenomena at stake, based on grammatical information available in reference grammars, corpus studies, and the analysis of erroneous segments. The validity of the use of linguistic methods is established through the implementation of detection and correction rules in a functional platform, followed by the evaluation of the results of the application of those rules on L1 and L2 English corpora