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Journal articles on the topic 'Malaria – Botswana'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Craig, M. H., I. Kleinschmidt, L. Gosoniu, M. Mabaso, P. Vounatsou, and T. Smith. "SPATIAL STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA PREVALENCE DATA IN BOTSWANA." Epidemiology 16, no. 5 (September 2005): S115—S116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200509000-00290.

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2

Chirebvu, Elijah, Moses John Chimbari, and Barbara Ntombi Ngwenya. "Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Malaria Transmission in Tubu Village, Northern Botswana." Malaria Research and Treatment 2014 (March 16, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/403069.

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This study investigated potential risk factors associated with malaria transmission in Tubu village, Okavango subdistrict, a malaria endemic area in northern Botswana. Data was derived from a census questionnaire survey, participatory rural appraisal workshop, field observations, and mosquito surveys. History of malaria episodes was associated with several factors: household income (P<0.05), late outdoor activities (OR = 7.016; CI = 1.786–27.559), time spent outdoors (P=0.051), travel outside study area (OR = 2.70; CI = 1.004–7.260), nonpossession of insecticide treated nets (OR = 0.892; CI = 0.797–0.998), hut/house structure (OR = 11.781; CI = 3.868–35.885), and homestead location from water bodies (P<0.05). No associations were established between history of malaria episodes and the following factors: being a farmer (P>0.05) and number of nets possessed (P>0.05). Eave size was not associated with mosquito bites (P>0.05), frequency of mosquito bites (P>0.05), and time of mosquito bites (P>0.05). Possession of nets was very high (94.7%). Close proximity of a health facility and low vegetation cover were added advantages. Some of the identified risk factors are important for developing effective control and elimination strategies involving the community, with limited resources.

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3

Simon, Chihanga, Kentse Moakofhi, Tjantilili Mosweunyane, Haruna Jibril, Bornapate Nkomo, Mpho Motlaleng, Davies Ntebela, Emmanuel Chanda, and Ubydul Haque. "Malaria control in Botswana, 2008–2012: the path towards elimination." Malaria Journal 12, no. 1 (2013): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-458.

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4

Jones, Anne E., and Andrew P. Morse. "Application and Validation of a Seasonal Ensemble Prediction System Using a Dynamic Malaria Model." Journal of Climate 23, no. 15 (August 1, 2010): 4202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3208.1.

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Abstract Seasonal multimodel forecasts from the Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER) project are used to drive a malaria model and create reforecasts of malaria incidence for Botswana, in southern Africa, in a unique integration of a fully dynamic, process-based malaria model with an ensemble forecasting system. The forecasts are verified against a 20-yr malaria index and compared against reference simulations obtained by driving the malaria model with data from the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40). Performance assessment reveals skill in the DEMETER-driven malaria forecasts for prediction of low (below the lower tercile), above-average (above the median), and high (above the upper tercile) malaria events, with the best results obtained for low malaria events [relative operating characteristics (ROC) area = 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.63–1.0]. For high malaria events, the DEMETER-driven malaria forecasts are skillful, but the forecasting system performs poorly for those years that it predicts the highest probabilities of a high malaria event. Potential economic value analysis demonstrates the potential value for the DEMETER-driven malaria forecasts over a wide range of user cost-loss ratios, which is primarily due to the ability of the system to save on the cost of action in low malaria years.

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5

Chihanga, Simon, Allison Tatarsky, Tjantilili Mosweunyane, Mpho Motlaleng, Lesedi Bewlay, Katy Digovich, Enele Mankhi, et al. "Toward malaria elimination in Botswana: a pilot study to improve malaria diagnosis and surveillance using mobile technology." Malaria Journal 11, Suppl 1 (2012): P96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-s1-p96.

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6

MacLeod, Dave A., Anne Jones, Francesca Di Giuseppe, Cyril Caminade, and Andrew P. Morse. "Demonstration of successful malaria forecasts for Botswana using an operational seasonal climate model." Environmental Research Letters 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 044005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/4/044005.

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7

Quartey-Papafio, Tawiah Kwatekwei, Sifeng Liu, and Sara Javed. "Grey relational evaluation of impact and control of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa." Grey Systems: Theory and Application 9, no. 4 (October 14, 2019): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gs-06-2019-0020.

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Purpose The rise in malaria deaths discloses a decline of global malaria eradication that shows that control measures and fund distribution have missed its right of way. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study and evaluate the impact and control of malaria on the independent states of the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) region over the time period of 2010–2017 using Deng’s Grey incidence analysis, absolute degree GIA and second synthetic degree GIA model. Design/methodology/approach The purposive data sampling is a secondary data from World Developmental Indicators indicating the incidence of new malaria cases (per 1,000 population at risk) for 45 independent states in SSA. GIA models were applied on array sequences into a single relational grade for ranking to be obtained and analyzed to evaluate trend over a predicted period. Findings Grey relational analysis classifies West Africa as the highly infectious region of malaria incidence having Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Benin, Liberia and Gambia suffering severely. Also, results indicate Southern Africa to be the least of all affected in the African belt that includes Eswatini, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa and Mozambique. But, predictions revealed that the infection rate is expected to fall in West Africa, whereas the least vulnerable countries will experience a rise in malaria incidence through to the next ten years. Therefore, this study draws the attention of all stakeholders and interest groups to adopt effective policies to fight malaria. Originality/value The study is a pioneer to unravel the most vulnerable countries in the SSA region as far as the incidence of new malaria cases is a concern through the use of second synthetic GIA model. The outcome of the study is substantial to direct research funds to control and eliminate malaria.

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8

Moakofhi, K., J. K. Edwards, M. Motlaleng, J. Namboze, W. Butt, M. Obopile, T. Mosweunyane, M. Manzi, K. C. Takarinda, and P. Owiti. "Advances in malaria elimination in Botswana: a dramatic shift to parasitological diagnosis, 2008–2014." Public Health Action 8, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): S34—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.17.0017.

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9

THOMSON, MADELEINE C., SIMON J. MASON, STEPHEN J. CONNOR, and THANDIE PHINDELA. "USE OF RAINFALL AND SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE MONITORING FOR MALARIA EARLY WARNING IN BOTSWANA." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, no. 1 (July 1, 2005): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.214.

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10

Motlaleng, M., J. Edwards, J. Namboze, W. Butt, K. Moakofhi, M. Obopile, M. Manzi, et al. "Driving towards malaria elimination in Botswana by 2018: progress on case-based surveillance, 2013–2014." Public Health Action 8, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): S24—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.17.0019.

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11

Erick, Patience. "Botswana: country report on children’s environmental health." Reviews on Environmental Health 35, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2019-0092.

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AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), 5.9 million children under age 5 died in 2015, and globally, the main causes of child deaths are pneumonia, prematurity, intrapartum-related complications, neonatal sepsis, congenital anomalies, diarrhoea, injuries and malaria. In 2012, it was reported that one quarter of childhood deaths and disease burden could have been prevented by reducing environmental risks. Children are vulnerable to environmental risks such as air pollution, inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene, hazardous chemicals and waste, radiation, climate change, as well as emerging threats like e-waste. They are particularly vulnerable to these threats due to their developing organs and immune systems, smaller bodies and airways. In 2010, there were 132,989 in-patient morbidities. This number represents a 5.2% increase from the 126,381 registered in 2009. The major causes of infant morbidity and morbidity in children under 5 years old were diarrhoea and pneumonia. Although morbidity cases increased in 2010, there was a 6% decline in in-patient mortality from 6952 registered deaths in 2009 to 6535 deaths in 2010. Pneumonia and diarrhoea were the major causes of both infant and child mortalities. In Botswana, various environmental risk factors such as contaminated water, air and soil pollution and poor waste management have been associated with children’s environmental health (CEH). The outbreaks of diarrhoea in the country have always been associated with contaminated water. In the recent outbreak of diarrhoea in August 2018, laboratory investigations attributed the outbreak of diarrhoea to rotavirus. Children (1–6 years) living in areas with high levels of traffic congestion (living near a busy road) had higher levels of lead in their blood than those who lived in areas with less traffic. Poor waste management may lead to contamination of air, soil and water. CEH has not been given the attention it deserves in Botswana. It is, therefore, time to raise awareness on the subject. Health care workers, for example, need to be trained on diseases affecting children that are due to environmental exposures. Communities as well need to be trained on environmental factors that are prevalent in their areas and the effects of those on children’s health. It is important that research should be conducted on CEH in Botswana. At the time of compiling this report, the author was not aware of any CEH network in the country or networks in the region. To raise awareness and advocacy of CEH, there is a need for the establishment of a CEH network in the country or to participate in networks in the regions.

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12

Selwyn Mwamba, Musonda Trevor. "The Lambeth Conference 2008 and the Millennium Development Goals: A Botswana Perspective." Journal of Anglican Studies 7, no. 2 (September 15, 2009): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740355309990143.

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AbstractThe Bishops of the Anglican Communion met on the campus of the University of Kent at Canterbury, England, for the Lambeth Conference in July 2008. The Conference took place at a time when the Anglican Communion was going through turbulence over the issue of human sexuality. Accordingly, there was much expectation that the Conference would inter alia discuss and come up with the way forward on the issue of homosexuality. Prudently, the Conference’s focus rested on the real Mission of the Church, epitomized by the Walk of Witness on July 24, 2009 from Whitehall and Westminster to Lambeth Palace. There, Archbishop Rowan Williams spoke of the Communion’s commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It is within this context that this article seeks to discuss the issue of the MDGs in the context of the Lambeth Conference, from the perspective of Botswana. It is my intention to show that the Anglican Communion should be focused on the life and death issues of eradicating abject poverty, HIV and AIDS, malaria, bad governance, unjust trade policies and environment, rather than wasting valuable spiritual energy on the ‘luxury’ of human sexuality which is a non-issue for the poor.

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13

Bango, Zackary Austin, Leabaneng Tawe, Charles Waithaka Muthoga, and Giacomo Maria Paganotti. "Past and current biological factors affecting malaria in the low transmission setting of Botswana: A review." Infection, Genetics and Evolution 85 (November 2020): 104458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104458.

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14

Obopile, M., G. Segoea, K. Waniwa, D. S. Ntebela, K. Moakofhi, M. Motlaleng, T. Mosweunyane, et al. "Did microbial larviciding contribute to a reduction in malaria cases in eastern Botswana in 2012–2013?" Public Health Action 8, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): S50—S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.17.0012.

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15

Chirebvu, Elijah, Moses John Chimbari, Barbara Ntombi Ngwenya, and Benn Sartorius. "Clinical Malaria Transmission Trends and Its Association with Climatic Variables in Tubu Village, Botswana: A Retrospective Analysis." PLOS ONE 11, no. 3 (March 16, 2016): e0139843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139843.

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16

Craig, Marlies H., Brian L. Sharp, Musawenkosi LH Mabaso, and Immo Kleinschmidt. "Developing a spatial-statistical model and map of historical malaria prevalence in Botswana using a staged variable selection procedure." International Journal of Health Geographics 6, no. 1 (2007): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-072x-6-44.

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17

Masupe, Tiny, Yohana Mashalla, Esther Seloilwe, Harun Jibril, and Heluf Medhin. "Integrated management of HIV/NCDs: knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care workers in Gaborone, Botswana." African Health Sciences 19, no. 3 (November 4, 2019): 2312–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i3.3.

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Background: The epidemiologic transition and double disease burden from chronic infections and Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide requires re-engineering of healthcare delivery systems. Healthcare workers (HCWs) need to adapt to new integrated disease management approaches and change from current disease-specific management. Objectives: The study aimed to determine HCWs knowledge, capacity and skills for management of NCDs among HIV patients and their attitudes towards integrated HIV/NCDs disease management approaches for future clinical practice. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey among HCWs attending to HIV patients at selected government facilities. Results: One hundred out of 105 responses were analysed. Only 6% could fully define NCDs. Awareness levels of NCDs were high: Diabetes and hypertension 98%; cancer 96%; cardiovascular diseases 86%. However, 11.8% and 58% classified HIV and malaria respectively as NCDs. Most respondents (88%) believe that integrating HIV/NCDs care would be good use of resources while 62% disagreed with current separate facility management of HIV patients with NCDs. Over 60% routinely screened HIV patients for NCDs risk factors: Smoking (87.2%), alcohol (90.8%), diet (84.9%) and physical activity (73.5%). Conclusion: There were gaps in detailed knowledge on NCDs, but positive attitude towards routine primary care integrated HIV/NCDs management, showing likely support for implementation of such policy.Keywords: Non-communicable diseases, knowledge, attitude, HIV, integration.

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18

Chihanga, Simon, Allison Tatarsky, HT Masendu, D. Ntebela, Tjantilili Mosweunyane, Mpho Motlaleng, Godira Segoea, et al. "Improving LLIN utilization and coverage through an innovative distribution and malaria education model: a pilot study in Okavango Sub-District, Botswana." Malaria Journal 11, Suppl 1 (2012): P95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-s1-p95.

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19

Buxton, Mmabaledi, Honest Machekano, Nonofo Gotcha, Casper Nyamukondiwa, and Ryan J. Wasserman. "Are Vulnerable Communities Thoroughly Informed on Mosquito Bio-Ecology and Burden?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 6, 2020): 8196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218196.

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Mosquitoes account for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite evidence of (1) imminent anthropogenic climate and environmental changes, (2) vector-pathogen spatio-temporal dynamics and (3) emerging and re-emerging mosquito borne infections, public knowledge on mosquito bio-ecology remain scant. In particular, knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) on mosquitoes are often neglected despite otherwise expensive remedial efforts against consequent infections and other indirect effects associated with disease burden. To gather baseline KAPs that identify gaps for optimising vector-borne disease control, we surveyed communities across endemic and non-endemic malaria sub-districts (Botswana). The study revealed limited knowledge of mosquitoes and their infections uniformly across endemic and non-endemic areas. In addition, a significant proportion of respondents were concerned about mosquito burdens, although their level of personal, indoor and environmental protection practices varied significantly across sub-districts. Given the limited knowledge displayed by the communities, this study facilitates bridging KAP gaps to minimise disease burdens by strengthening public education. Furthermore, it provides a baseline for future studies in mosquito bio-ecology and desirable control practices across differential spheres of the rural–urban lifestyle, with implications for enhanced livelihoods as a consequence of improved public health.

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20

Chirebvu, E., and M. J. Chimbari. "Characterization of an Indoor-Resting Population ofAnopheles arabiensis(Diptera: Culicidae) and the Implications on Malaria Transmission in Tubu Village in Okavango Subdistrict, Botswana." Journal of Medical Entomology 53, no. 3 (March 27, 2016): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjw024.

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21

Motshoge, Thato, Daniel H. Haiyambo, Ruth Ayanful-Torgby, Larysa Aleksenko, Davies Ntebela, Benoit Malleret, Laurent Rénia, Elias Peloewetse, Giacomo Maria Paganotti, and Isaac K. Quaye. "Recent Molecular Assessment of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Asymptomatic Infections in Botswana." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 2159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0083.

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Abstract.In 2016, we reported the presence of Plasmodium vivax in Botswana through active case detection. A real-time PCR was used during a similar study in 10 districts to assess changes in the P. vivax prevalence. We assessed 1,614 children (2–13 years of age) for hemoglobin (Hb; g/dL) and Plasmodium parasites. The median age of all participants was 5.0 years (25th percentile, 3 years; 75th percentile, 8 years). The median Hb (g/dL) level was 12.1, but 18.3% of the participants had anemia (Hb < 11.0 g/dL); these participants were clustered in the younger than 5 years age group in all districts (P < 0.001). The risk of anemia decreased with age 5 years or older (odds ratio [OR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.197–0.34; P < 0.001). The prevalence rates of Plasmodium parasites were as follows: P. vivax, 12.7%; P. falciparum, 12.7%; P. malariae, 0.74%; and P. ovale (P. ovale curtisi), 0.68%. Mixed infection rates were as follows: P. falciparum and P. vivax, 2.35%; P. falciparum and P. ovale curtisi, 0.56%; P. vivax and P. malariae, 0.06%; and P. falciparum and P. malariae, 0.68%. The infections were largely asymptomatic (99.6%). Using logistic regression, the risk of infection with P. vivax was highest in Kweneng East (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.9–13.1), followed by South East (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.5–12.3) and Ngami (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 2.2–12.0). Compared to the risk of infection for children younger than 5 years, the risk of infection decreased for children 5 years or older in regions with high rates of P. vivax and P. falciparum infections. P. vivax and P. falciparum have expanded within the asymptomatic population in Botswana; therefore, careful attention is required for their elimination.

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22

Hardy, Andy, Gregory Oakes, and Georgina Ettritch. "Tropical Wetland (TropWet) Mapping Tool: The Automatic Detection of Open and Vegetated Waterbodies in Google Earth Engine for Tropical Wetlands." Remote Sensing 12, no. 7 (April 7, 2020): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12071182.

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Knowledge of the location and extent of surface water and inundated vegetation is vital for a range of applications including flood risk management, biodiversity monitoring, quantifying greenhouse gas emissions, and mapping water-borne disease risk. Here, we present a new tool, TropWet, which enables users of all abilities to map wetlands in herbaceous dominated regions based on simple unmixing of optical Landsat satellite imagery in the Google Earth Engine. The results demonstrate transferability throughout the African continent with a high degree of accuracy (mean 91% accuracy, st. dev 2.6%, n = 10,800). TropWet demonstrated considerable improvements over existing globally available surface water datasets for mapping the extent of important wetlands like the Okavango, Botswana. TropWet was able to provide frequency inundation maps as an indicator of malarial mosquito aquatic habitat extent and persistence in Barotseland, Zambia. TropWet was able to map flood extent comparable to operational flood risk mapping products in the Zambezi Region, Namibia. Finally, TropWet was able to quantify the effects of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events on the extent of photosynthetic vegetation and wetland extent across Southern Africa. These examples demonstrate the potential for TropWet to provide policy makers with crucial information to help make national, regional, or continental scale decisions regarding wetland conservation, flood/disease hazard mapping, or mitigation against the impacts of ENSO.

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23

Chihanga, Simon, Ubydul Haque, Emmanuel Chanda, Tjantilili Mosweunyane, Kense Moakofhi, Haruna Baba Jibril, Mpho Motlaleng, Wenyi Zhang, and Gregory E. Glass. "Malaria elimination in Botswana, 2012–2014: achievements and challenges." Parasites & Vectors 9, no. 1 (February 24, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1382-z.

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24

Buxton, Mmabaledi, Ryan J. Wasserman, and Casper Nyamukondiwa. "Spatial Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) insecticide resistance patterns across malaria-endemic regions of Botswana." Malaria Journal 19, no. 1 (November 19, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03487-z.

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Abstract Background Since the advent of the Green Revolution, pesticides have played an important role in the global management of invertebrate pests including vector mosquitoes. Despite optimal efficacy, insects often display insensitivity to synthetic insecticides owing to prolonged exposure that may select for resistance development. Such insecticide insensitivity may regress national and regional coordination in mosquito vector management and indeed malaria control. In Botswana, prolonged use of synthetic insecticides against malaria vectors have been practiced without monitoring of targeted mosquito species susceptibility status. Methods Here, susceptibility status of a malaria vector (Anopheles arabiensis), was assessed against World Health Organization-recommended insecticides, across three malaria endemic districts. Adult virgin female mosquitoes (2–5 days old) emerging from wild-collected larvae were exposed to standardized insecticide-impregnated papers with discriminating doses. Results The results showed resistance dynamics were variable in space, presumably as a result of spatial differences in insecticide use across malaria endemic districts and the types of insecticides used in the country. Overall, there was a reduced susceptibility of An. arabiensis for the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin and for dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane [DDT], which have similar modes of action and have been used in the country for many years. The Okavango district exhibited the greatest reduction in susceptibility, followed by Ngamiland and then Bobirwa, reflective of national intervention strategy spraying intensities. Vector mosquitoes were, however, highly susceptible to carbamates and organophosphates irrespective of region. Conclusions These results provide important findings of vector susceptibility to insecticides recommended for vector control. The results highlight the need to implement insecticide application regimes that more effectively including regionally integrated resistance management strategies for effective malaria control and elimination.

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25

Kgoroebutswe, Tefo Kesaobaka, Ntebaleng Makate, Ulrike Fillinger, Mandla Mpho, Godira Segoea, Peter Onyango Sangoro, Clifford Maina Mutero, et al. "Vector control for malaria elimination in Botswana: progress, gaps and opportunities." Malaria Journal 19, no. 1 (August 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03375-6.

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26

Mpofu, Mulamuli, Piet Becker, Kaka Mudambo, and Christiaan de Jager. "Field effectiveness of microbial larvicides on mosquito larvae in malaria areas of Botswana and Zimbabwe." Malaria Journal 15, no. 1 (December 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1642-6.

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27

Motshoge, Thato, Grace K. Ababio, Larysa Aleksenko, John Read, Elias Peloewetse, Mazhani Loeto, Tjantilili Mosweunyane, et al. "Molecular evidence of high rates of asymptomatic P. vivax infection and very low P. falciparum malaria in Botswana." BMC Infectious Diseases 16, no. 1 (September 29, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1857-8.

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28

Manake, Mokgadi G., Pleasure Ramatlho, Tlhalefo D. Ntereke, Leabaneng Tawe, Zackary A. Bango, Isaac K. Quaye, Giacomo M. Paganotti, and Ishmael Kasvosve. "Similar Ferroportin Q248H polymorphism prevalence in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and control subjects in the low-endemic setting of Botswana." Clinica Chimica Acta, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2021.09.009.

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