Academic literature on the topic 'Malaria – Ethiopia – Prevention'
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Journal articles on the topic "Malaria – Ethiopia – Prevention"
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DERESSA, WAKGARI, AHMED ALI, and DAMEN HAILEMARIAM. "MALARIA-RELATED HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR AND CHALLENGES FOR CARE PROVIDERS IN RURAL ETHIOPIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTROL." Journal of Biosocial Science 40, no. 1 (January 2008): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932007002374.
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SummaryA range of activities are currently underway to improve access to malaria prevention and control interventions. As disease control strategies change over time, it is crucial to understand the health-seeking behaviour and the local socio-cultural context in which the changes in interventions operate. This paper reflects on how people in an area of seasonal malaria perceive the causes and transmission of the disease, and what prevention and treatment measures they practise to cope with the disease. It also highlights some of the challenges of malaria treatment for health care providers. The study was undertaken in 2003 in Adami Tulu District in south-central Ethiopia, where malaria is a major health problem. Pre-tested structured questionnaires and focus group discussions were conducted among men and women. Malaria, locally known as busa, was perceived as the most important cause of ill health in the area. Respondent’s perception and knowledge about the cause and transmission of the disease were relatively high. The newly introduced insecticide-treated nets were not popular in the area, and only 6·4% of households possessed at least one. The results showed that patients use multiple sources of health care for malaria treatment. Public health facilities, private clinics and community health workers were the main providers of malaria treatment. Despite higher treatment costs, people preferred to use private health care providers for malaria treatment due to the higher perceived quality of care they offer. In conclusion, effort in the prevention and control of malaria should be intensified through addressing not only public facilities, but also the private sector and community-based control interventions. Appropriate and relevant information on malaria should be disseminated to the local community. The authors propose the provision of effective antimalarial drugs and malaria prevention tools such as subsidized or free insecticide-treated nets.
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Menjetta, Tadesse. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Prevention and Control of Malaria in Halaba Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2017." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021 (August 31, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5665000.
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Background. Malaria is one of the primary public health problems in Ethiopia. Therefore, assessment of situation of the disease and communities’ knowledge and perceptions about this disease is necessary to introduce appropriate preventive and control measures. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards malaria in Halaba town, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Halaba town from June 2017 to September 2017. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A total of 421 were interviewed to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice towards malaria. Results. About 280 (66.5%) respondents had ever heard of malaria. Most of the respondents (63.4%) attributed the cause of malaria to mosquito bites. However, some of the respondents (36.6%) mentioned contact with malaria patients, lack of personal hygiene, staying together, and transmission via breathing as the causes of malaria. Sleeping under mosquito nets, draining stagnant water, and indoor residual spraying were the most frequently mentioned malaria preventive measures perceived and practiced by the respondents. Conclusions. A high level of knowledge about the cause, transmission, and preventive methods of malaria was detected among the community in Halaba town. However, a significant proportion had misconceptions about the cause and transmission of malaria suggesting the necessity of health education to raise the community’s awareness about the disease.
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Nureye, Dejen, and Solomon Assefa. "Old and Recent Advances in Life Cycle, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Malaria Including Perspectives in Ethiopia." Scientific World Journal 2020 (February 14, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1295381.
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Malaria, caused by apicomplexan parasite, is an old disease and continues to be a major public health threat in many countries. This article aims to present different aspects of malaria including causes, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment in an articulate and comprehensive manner. Six Plasmodium species are recognized as the etiology of human malaria, of which Plasmodium falciparum is popular in East and Southern Africa. Malaria is transmitted mainly through Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus, the two most effective malaria vectors in the world. Half of the world’s population is at risk for malaria infection. Globally, the morbidity and mortality rates of malaria have become decreased even though few reports in Ethiopia showed high prevalence of malaria. The malaria parasite has a complex life cycle that takes place both inside the mosquito and human beings. Generally, diagnosis of malaria is classified into clinical and parasitological diagnoses. Lack of clear understanding on the overall biology of Plasmodium has created a challenge in an effort to develop new drugs, vaccines, and preventive methods against malaria. However, three types of vaccines and a lot of novel compounds are under perclinical and clinical studies that are triggered by the occurrence of resistance among commonly used drugs and insecticides. Antiadhesion adjunctive therapies are also under investigation in the laboratory. In addition to previously known targets for diagnostic tool, vaccine and drug discovery scientists from all corner of the world are in search of new targets and chemical entities.
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Argaw, Mesele Damte, Asfawesen GebreYohannes Woldegiorgis, Habtamu Aderaw Workineh, Berhane Alemayhu Akelom, Mesfin Eshetu Abebe, Derebe Tadesse Abate, and Eshetu Gezahegn Ashenafi. "Access to malaria prevention and control interventions among seasonal migrant workers: A multi-region formative assessment in Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): e0246251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246251.
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Background Mobile or seasonal migrant workers are at increased risk for acquiring malaria infections and can be the primary source of malaria reintroduction into receptive areas. The aim of this formative assessment was to describe access to malaria prevention and control interventions among seasonal migrant or mobile workers in seven regional states of Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional formative assessment was conducted using a qualitative and quantitative mixed-method design, between October 2015 and October 2016. Quantitative data were collected from organizations that employ seasonal migrant workers and were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and ArcGIS 10.8 (Geo-spatial data). Qualitative data were collected using in-depth interview from 23 key informants (7 seasonal migrant workers, and 16 experts and managers of development projects who had hired seasonal migrant workers), which were recorded, transcribed, translated, coded, and thematically analyzed. Results There were 1,017,888 seasonal migrant workers employed in different developmental organizations including large-scale crop cultivating farms, sugar cane plantations, horticulture, road and house construction work, and gold mining and panning. Seasonal migrant workers’ housing facilities were poorly structured and overcrowded (30 people living per 64 square meter room) limiting the use of indoor residual spraying (IRS), and forcing seasonal migrant workers not to use long lasting insecticidal treated nets (LLINs). Seasonal migrant workers are engaged in nighttime activities when employment includes watering farmlands, harvesting sesame, and transporting sugar cane from the field to factories. Despite such high-risk living conditions, access and utilization of preventive and curative services by the seasonal workers were limited. Informal migrant worker employment systems by development organizations and inadequate technical and financial support coupled with poor supply chain management limited the planning and delivery of malaria prevention and treatment strategies targeting seasonal migrant workers. Conclusions Seasonal migrant workers in seven regions of Ethiopia were at substantial risk of acquiring malaria. Existing malaria prevention, control and management interventions were inadequate. This will contribute to the resurgence of outbreaks of malaria in areas where transmission has been lowered. A coordinated action is needed among all stakeholders to identify the size of seasonal migrant workers and develop and implement a comprehensive strategy to address their healthcare needs.
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Jima, Daddi, Asefaw Getachew, Hana Bilak, Richard W. Steketee, Paul M. Emerson, Patricia M. Graves, Teshome Gebre, Richard Reithinger, and Jimee Hwang. "Malaria indicator survey 2007, Ethiopia: coverage and use of major malaria prevention and control interventions." Malaria Journal 9, no. 1 (2010): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-58.
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Kendie, Fasil Adugna, Tamirat Hailegebriel W/kiros, Endalkachew Nibret Semegn, and Melaku Wale Ferede. "Prevalence of Malaria among Adults in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021 (March 4, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8863002.
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Background. Malaria is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in tropical and subtropical regions. The bulk of the global malaria burden is in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. Malaria adversely affects the health of the peoples as well as the economic development of many developing countries including Ethiopia. Methods. This review article was reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Related published articles were searched from online public databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The search approach used to retrieve related articles were “prevalence,” “malaria,” “adults,” and “Ethiopia.” The quality of articles was assessed using Joana Brigg’s Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. The meta-analysis was computed using STATA version 14. The pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval were analyzed using a random-effect model, and the possible source of heterogeneity across studies was indicated through subgroup analysis, inverse of variance (I2), and time series analysis. The presence of publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Results. Out of 144 studies collected, only eight full-text articles were screened and included in the final quantitative meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of malaria among adults in Ethiopia was 13.61%. Subgroup analysis based on types of malaria cases showed that the prevalence of malaria among symptomatic and asymptomatic adults was 15.34% and 11.99%, respectively. Similarly, regional subgroup analysis showed that the highest malaria prevalence was recorded in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) (16.17%) followed by Oromia Regional State (13.11%) and Amhara Regional State (12.41%). Discussion and Conclusion. The current systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of malaria among adults was found to be greater than the general population and nearly equal to pregnant women. Therefore, the current prevention and control measures, which are related to both vectors and parasites, should be strengthened.
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Tegegne, Yalewayker, Abebaw Worede, Adane Derso, and Sintayehu Ambachew. "The Prevalence of Malaria among Children in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Parasitology Research 2021 (April 13, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6697294.
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Background. Malaria is one of the most public health important and life-threatening parasitic infections caused by the protozoan parasite. Since children are immunologically naive to the malaria parasite, they are the main vulnerable groups. During malaria infection, they might have a complication of anemia, cerebral malaria, coma, respiratory distress, and a decrease in cognitive and behavioral improvement. Therefore, this review was aimed at determining the pooled prevalence of malaria among children in Ethiopia. Methods. The current systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on the guideline of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guideline. Electronic bibliographic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were used for searching relevant literature. Besides, the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. Using the STATA 14 software, the pooled Meta logistic regression was computed to present the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Result. The overall estimated pooled prevalence of malaria among children in Ethiopia was 9.07 (95% CI: 6.32, 11.82). Subgroup analysis based on malaria signs and symptoms showed that the pooled prevalence of malaria among asymptomatic and symptomatic children was 6.67% (95% CI: 0.36, 12.98) and 27.17% (95% CI: 18.59, 35.76), respectively. Conclusion. The findings revealed a high prevalence of malaria among children in Ethiopia. As a result, still there is a need of improving and rechecking the existing malaria prevention and control measures of the country.
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Tegegne, Yalewayker, Daniel Asmelash, Sintayehu Ambachew, Setegn Eshetie, Ayenew Addisu, and Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke. "The Prevalence of Malaria among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Parasitology Research 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8396091.
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Background. Malaria during pregnancy remains a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical countries. Moreover, malaria is increasingly associated with unwanted pregnancy outcomes such as an increased risk of abortion, stillbirth, premature delivery, and low-birthweight infants. Since pregnant women are most vulnerable to malaria, implementation of the appropriate prevention and control measures among this group is very important. Therefore, the current review was designed to assess the prevalence of both symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women in Ethiopia.Method. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we have followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The databases used were PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and Science Direct literature. Search terms used were “prevalence”, “malaria”, “pregnant women”, and “Ethiopia”. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software. The pooled meta-logistic regression was computed to present the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI).Result. Among a total of 10207 studies, seven studies were included in this analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of malaria among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 12.72% (95% CI: 7.45, 17.98). In subgroup analysis, the prevalence of malaria showed a significant variation between asymptomatic and symptomatic cases, which was 7.83% (95% CI: 2.23, 13.43) and 17.97% (95% CI: 7.31, 28.92), respectively.Conclusion. The current systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was found to be relatively higher compared with the general population. Therefore, the existing prevention and control measures should be strengthen.
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Worku, Ligabaw, Demekech Damtie, Mengistu Endris, Sisay Getie, and Mulugeta Aemero. "Asymptomatic Malaria and Associated Risk Factors among School Children in Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (September 17, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/303269.
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Introduction. Asymptomatic malaria is prevalent in highly endemic areas of Africa and is new challenge for malaria prevention and control strategies. Objective. To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated risk factors among school children in Sanja Town, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2013, on 385 school children selected using stratified proportionate systematic sampling technique. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and associated risk factors. Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood films were examined for detection, identification, and quantification of malaria parasites. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Multivariate logistic regression was done for assessing associated risk factors and proportions for categorical variables were compared using chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Results. The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria was 6.8% (n=26). The majority of parasitemic study participants had low parasite density 65.5% (17/26). Level of grade, age, bed net usage, and frequent exposure to malaria infection were associated with risk of asymptomatic malaria. Conclusion. Asymptomatic malaria was low in this study area and is associated with level of grade, age, bed net usage, and frequent exposure to malaria infection.
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Deress, Teshiwal, and Mekonnen Girma. "Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Prevalence in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Malaria Research and Treatment 2019 (December 3, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7065064.
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Background. Malaria is a protozoan disease caused by the Plasmodium species. Among the five Plasmodium species known to infect human beings, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria are by far the most predominant and widely distributed in Ethiopia. Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in the sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. It is also a major obstacle to socio-economic development in the country. Methods. Articles were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. The pooled prevalence estimates were analyzed using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model and the possible sources of heterogeneity were evaluated through subgroup analysis, metaregression, and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was analyzed using funnel plots and Egger’s test statistics. The data management and analysis were done using STATA 15.1 version software. Results. Among 922 studies initially identified, thirty-five full-text articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and included in the study. The combined, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and mixed infections pooled prevalence estimates were 25.8% (95% CI: 21.3, 30.4), 14.7% (95% CI: 11.4, 18.1), 8.7% (95% CI: 7.0, 10.4), and 1.2% (95% CI: 20.7, 29.9), respectively. Based on agro-ecological subgroup analysis, the highest malaria prevalence (37.6%) was obtained from studies conducted on mixed regions of low lands and midlands while the least (20.7%) was from low lands. In Ethiopia, malaria transmission is seasonal, variable, and coincides with the peak agricultural activities that greatly affected the country’s socio-economic development. Conclusions. This systematic review and meta-analysis showed a high malaria prevalence in Ethiopia. Therefore, previous prevention and control measures should be revised and/or strengthened as appropriate and new strategies should be implemented. In addition, technical, financial and material support, and coordination of the regional capacity building and logistics should be adequately implemented.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Malaria – Ethiopia – Prevention"
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Endo, Noriko Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Malaria transmission around the Koka Reservoir in Ethiopia : field observations, model predictions, and strategies for prevention." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111433.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 263-278).
New dam construction is likely to exacerbate malaria transmission in Africa. The vectors of malaria - Anopheles mosquitoes - use bodies of water as breeding sites. Thus, dams and their reservoirs are associated with elevated risks of malaria. In Africa, more than 150 dams are currently under construction or proposed, and most of them are designed without satisfactory considerations for the potential of enhancing malaria transmission. Precise environmental mechanisms of malaria transmission around reservoirs are yet to be identified. Understanding of these mechanisms should lead to a better assessment of the impacts of dam construction. Moreover, incorporation of such understanding into environmental management approaches can sustainably and cost-effectively prevent malaria transmission. This thesis first develops a malaria transmission model around a typical reservoir in Africa based on extensive multi-year field surveys around the Koka Reservoir in Ethiopia. A mechanistic malaria transmission model, HYDREMATS (Hydrology, Entomology, and Malaria Transmission Simulator), was extended to simulate the hydrology influenced by a reservoir system and to represent the associated behaviors of Anopheles mosquitoes in such environment. The model was calibrated and tested against various observational data on hydrology around the reservoir, and entomology of Anopheles mosquitoes. Three distinct environmental mechanisms of malaria transmission around water resource reservoirs were identified: faster parasite development during warmer seasons; amplification of reproductive activities at closer shoreline-to-house distances; enhancement of Anopheles populations under favorable wind conditions. The effect of temperature and the associated impact of global warming over the Ethiopian Highlands were analyzed. This region is particularly susceptible to the future risk of malaria transmission, because of the high sensitivity to warming and also the ephemeral immunity of the inhabitants. Specific areas expected to have high malaria risk towards the end of the 21st century were identified, including 12% of the land area and a third of the population in Ethiopia. House-to-reservoir distance and the wind direction were identified as important factors in the design of malaria-resistant villages. Keeping houses further away than certain critical distances from the shoreline was demonstrated to decrease malaria transmission. Beyond these critical distances, malaria transmission can no longer be sustained. If houses cannot not be built further away than the critical distances for malaria transmission, then extra control measures should be targeted towards such houses. The critical distances to prevent malaria are defined based on environmental and biological conditions. Malaria can also be mitigated if a village location is planned carefully. In order to effectively mitigate malaria, a village should not be located upwind of a reservoir, in general, because such location will have favorable breeding conditions with small waves and enhanced host-seeking activities through CO₂ attraction from human settlements upwind. Given seasonality of wind directions and other weather conditions, wind direction during periods of high temperature, low wind speed, and low reservoir water levels are critical in deciding where to locate villages around new reservoirs. By shedding light on the precise environmental mechanisms of malaria transmission around reservoirs, the findings in this thesis are presented to inform environmental policy on how to prevent enhancement of malaria transmission around dams and reservoirs.
by Noriko Endo.
Ph. D. in Environmental Engineering
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Kassa, Dejene Hailu. "Malaria prevention and control in Ethiopia." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18799.
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This study investigated the implementation of the roll back malaria (RBM) programme at
household and at health post levels and examined factors that negatively impact on malaria prevention and control activities. Quantitative, descriptive, analytic crosssectional research, guided by the conceptual framework of the Health Belief Model, was conducted. Structured interviews were conducted with 857 women (for the household survey in phase 1) and 53 health extension workers (HEWs) in phase 2 of the study, in nine malaria endemic districts of Sidama Zone, southern Ethiopia. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20. The study’s findings indicate that 53.3% (n=457) of the household respondents and 24.5% (n=13) of the HEWs had low levels of overall malaria-related knowledge. Household respondents aged 25-34 years, (p<0.01); regularly received malaria-related information, (p<0.001) and the less poor women (p<0.001) had good levels of knowledge. Of the households, 38.9% (n=333) reported poor RBM practices. Wealth, knowledge, perceived threat of malaria and perceived benefits of implementing malaria preventive measures were positively associated with good RBM practices. Indoor residual spraying (63.6%; 422 out of 664), consistent use of insecticide treated bed nets (51.6%; 368 out of 713), and environmental sanitation (38.6%; 331 out of 857) were the most commonly implemented malaria prevention strategies in the study area. Out of the 252 reported malaria cases, 53.6% (n=135) occurred among children under five years of age who also comprised 50.0% (n=16) of 32 reported malaria-related deaths. The RBM practices were poorly implemented in the study area despite malaria prevention and control efforts. Slow progress in behavioural changes among household members, lack of transportation services for referring malaria patients, lack of support given to HEWs and lack of feedback and supervision from higher level health care facilities were
identified as potential challenges facing RBM implementation in the study area. Future
efforts need to focus on effective behavioural changes based on intervention studies
and regular monitoring of the RBM programme. The workloads of the HEWs should
also be reconsidered and lay health educators should be used more effectively. Health
posts should always have sufficient anti-malaria drugs and other resource such as rapid
diagnostic kits.Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Kassa, Dejene Haila. "Malaria prevention and control in Ethiopia." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18799.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the implementation of the roll back malaria (RBM) programme at
household and at health post levels and examined factors that negatively impact on malaria prevention and control activities. Quantitative, descriptive, analytic crosssectional research, guided by the conceptual framework of the Health Belief Model, was conducted. Structured interviews were conducted with 857 women (for the household survey in phase 1) and 53 health extension workers (HEWs) in phase 2 of the study, in nine malaria endemic districts of Sidama Zone, southern Ethiopia. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20. The study’s findings indicate that 53.3% (n=457) of the household respondents and 24.5% (n=13) of the HEWs had low levels of overall malaria-related knowledge. Household respondents aged 25-34 years, (p<0.01); regularly received malaria-related information, (p<0.001) and the less poor women (p<0.001) had good levels of knowledge. Of the households, 38.9% (n=333) reported poor RBM practices. Wealth, knowledge, perceived threat of malaria and perceived benefits of implementing malaria preventive measures were positively associated with good RBM practices. Indoor residual spraying (63.6%; 422 out of 664), consistent use of insecticide treated bed nets (51.6%; 368 out of 713), and environmental sanitation (38.6%; 331 out of 857) were the most commonly implemented malaria prevention strategies in the study area. Out of the 252 reported malaria cases, 53.6% (n=135) occurred among children under five years of age who also comprised 50.0% (n=16) of 32 reported malaria-related deaths. The RBM practices were poorly implemented in the study area despite malaria prevention and control efforts. Slow progress in behavioural changes among household members, lack of transportation services for referring malaria patients, lack of support given to HEWs and lack of feedback and supervision from higher level health care facilities were
identified as potential challenges facing RBM implementation in the study area. Future
efforts need to focus on effective behavioural changes based on intervention studies
and regular monitoring of the RBM programme. The workloads of the HEWs should
also be reconsidered and lay health educators should be used more effectively. Health
posts should always have sufficient anti-malaria drugs and other resource such as rapid
diagnostic kits.Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
Books on the topic "Malaria – Ethiopia – Prevention"
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Coalition Against Malaria in Ethiopia. Effect of a combined use of mosquito repellent and insecticide treated net on malaria prevalence in southern Ethiopia: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Malaria Consortium Ethiopia, 2009.
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The Historical Ecology of Malaria in Ethiopia: Deposing the Spirits (Ecology & History). Ohio University Press, 2015.
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Whittington, Dale, Maureen Cropper, Mitiku Haile, Julian A. Lampietti, and Christine Poulos. The Value of Preventing Malaria in Tembien, Ethiopia. The World Bank, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-2273.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Malaria – Ethiopia – Prevention"
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Kurnianingsih, Widya, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Bhisma Murti. "Incomplete Medication Intake and Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.58.
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Background: Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a highest problem in the prevention and eradication of TB worldwide. MDR-TB exists in 27 countries where there are at least 6,800 MDR-TB cases annually and 12% of new TB cases registered are MDR TB. This study aimed to examine the effect of incomplete medication intake on the incidence of MDR TB. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted by collecting articles from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Springer Link databases, from year 2010 to 2019. Keywords used “Risk Factor MDR TB” OR “Previous Treatment” AND “Multidrug resistant tuberculosis”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using case control study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was patients with Tuberculosis. The intervention was incomplete medication intake with comparison complete medication intake. The study outcome was multidrug resistant Tuberculosis. Collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. Quantitative data were analyzed by fixed effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Taiwan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Ethiophia were selected for data analysis. This study reported that incomplete medication intake increased the risk of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (aOR= 14.33; 95% CI= 12.47 to 16.47; p<0.001). Conclusion: Incomplete medication intake increases the risk of multidrug resistant Tuberculosis. Keywords: incomplete medication intake, multidrug resistant tuberculosis Correspondence: Widya Kurnianingsih. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widyakurnianingsih08@gmail.com. Mobile: 081556837033