Relevant bibliographies by topics / Malawi Art

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Malawi Art'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Malawi Art"

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Huber, Amy, Kamban Hirasen, Alana T. Brennan, Bevis Phiri, Timothy Tcherini, Lloyd Mulenga, Prudence Haimbe, et al. "Uptake of same-day initiation of HIV treatment among adult men and women in Malawi, South Africa, and Zambia: the SPRINT retrospective cohort study." Gates Open Research 7 (February 14, 2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.14424.1.

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Background: Since 2017 global guidelines have recommended “same-day initiation” (SDI) of antiretroviral treatment (ART) for patients considered ready for treatment on the day of HIV diagnosis. Many countries have incorporated a SDI option into national guidelines, but SDI uptake is not well documented. We estimated average time to ART initiation at 12 public healthcare facilities in Malawi, five in South Africa, and 12 in Zambia. Methods: We sequentially enrolled patients eligible to start ART between January 2018 and June 2019 and reviewed their medical records from the point of HIV diagnosis or first HIV-related interaction with the clinic to the earlier date of treatment initiation or 6 months. We estimated the proportion of patients initiating ART on the same day or within 7, 14, 30, or 180 days of baseline. Results: We enrolled 826 patients in Malawi, 534 in South Africa, and 1,984 in Zambia. Overall, 88% of patients in Malawi, 57% in South Africa, and 91% in Zambia were offered and accepted SDI. In Malawi, most who did not receive SDI had not initiated ART ≤6 months. In South Africa, an additional 13% initiated ≤1 week, but 21% had no record of initiation ≤6 months. Among those who did initiate within 6 months in Zambia, most started ≤1 week. There were no major differences by sex. WHO Stage III/IV and tuberculosis symptoms were associated with delays in ART initiation. Conclusions: As of 2020, SDI of ART was widespread, if not nearly universal, in Malawi and Zambia but considerably less common in South Africa. Limitations of the study include pre-COVID-19 data that do not reflect pandemic adaptations and potentially missing data for Zambia. South Africa may be able to increase overall ART coverage by reducing numbers of patients who do not initiate ≤6 months. Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04468399; NCT04170374; NCT04470011).
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Umar, Eric, Judith A. Levy, Geri Donenberg, Mary Ellen Mackesy-Amiti, Hening Pujasari, and Robert C. Bailey. "THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-EFFICACY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND HIV-RELATED STIGMA WITH ART ADHERENCE AMONG THE YOUTH IN MALAWI." Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia 22, no. 2 (July 28, 2019): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jki.v22i2.952.

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Depression and HIV-related stigma, among other factors, have been inversely linked independently with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among the youth. However, the processes through which the various factors influence this relationship is not fully known. Guided by Social Action Theory, we examined the interactive mechanisms through which depression, HIV-related stigma, and self-efficacy influenced ART adherence and whether or not these relationships are moderated by gender. A total of 450 HIV-positive youth (13–24 years) in Malawi receiving ART participated in this cross-sectional study. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS macro 2.11 in SPSS. ART adherence was measured by pill count. Findings showed that self-efficacy mediated the effects of depression and stigma on ART adherence. The analyses also revealed that gender moderated both the direct and indirect influence of depression and stigma (via self-efficacy) on ART adherence. Furthermore, self-efficacy simultaneously mediated and moderated the relationship between stigma and ART adherence. The interactive mechanisms through which various factors influence ART nonadherence must be considered to design effective interventions. To reduce the impact of depression and stigma on ART adherence, medication self-efficacy should be bolstered while taking gender in consideration. Keywords: Adolescent, Antiretroviral adherence, Malawi, Moderated mediation, Social action theory, Youth Abstrak Pengaruh Efikasi Diri Terhadap Hubungan antara Depresi dan Stigma HIV dengan Kepatuhan Terapi ART pada Remaja di Malawi. Depresi dan stigma HIV, di antara faktor-faktor lain, berhubungan terbalik secara independen dengan kepatuhan terapi antiretroviral (ART) pada remaja. Akan tetapi, dalam prosesnya faktor yang memengaruhi hubungan ini belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Berdasarkan Teori Perilaku Sosial, penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengkaji mekanisme interaktif depresi, stigma HIV, dan efikasi diri yang memengaruhi kepatuhan ART, dan untuk mengetahui apakah hubungan ini dimoderasi oleh gender atau tidak. Sebanyak 450 remaja dengan HIV-positif (13–24 tahun) di Malawi yang menerima ART ikut berpartisipasi dalam penelitian potong lintang ini. Analisis mediasi moderated dilakukan dengan menggunakan Hayes 'PROCESS macro 2.11 pada SPSS. Kepatuhan ART diukur menggunakan jumlah pil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri memediasi efek depresi dan stigma pada kepatuhan ART. Hasil analisis juga mengungkapkan bahwa jenis kelamin memoderasi pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung dari depresi dan stigma (melalui efikasi diri) terhadap kepatuhan ART. Lebih lanjut,efikasi diri secara bersamaan mediasi dan moderasi hubungan antara stigma dan kepatuhan ART. Mekanisme interaktif dengan berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi ketidakpatuhan ART harus dipertimbangkan untuk merancang intervensi yang efektif. Untuk mengurangi dampak depresi dan stigma terhadap kepatuhan ART, efikasi diri pengobatan harus didukung saat mempertimbangkan jenis kelamin. Kata kunci: Kepatuhan antiretroviral, Malawi, Mediasi tingkat menengah, Teori Perilaku Sosial, Remaja
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Nicholson, Philip J., Deborah Dixon, Deepa Pullanikkatil, Boyson Moyo, Hazel Long, and Brian Barrett. "Malawi Stories: mapping an art-science collaborative process." Journal of Maps 15, no. 3 (March 24, 2019): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2019.1582440.

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Kawiya, Harry Henry, Thandi Davies, Crick Lund, and Katherine Sorsdahl. "Missed opportunities to address common mental disorders and risky alcohol use among people living with HIV in Zomba, Malawi: A cross sectional clinic survey." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 6, 2023): e0278160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278160.

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Common mental disorders (CMDs) and risky alcohol use are highly prevalent among people living with HIV, yet many do not receive treatment for these mental health problems. In Malawi, despite a mental health policy aiming to include mental healthcare into primary health care, many clients with HIV go unscreened and untreated for mental illnesses, indicating missed opportunities to offer mental health care to people living with HIV. The aim of this study was to determine the numbers and types of missed opportunities for screening and treatment of CMDs and risky alcohol use amongst a sample of people living with HIV attending anti-retroviral (ART) clinics in Zomba Malawi. A descriptive cross-sectional clinic survey was used, at three ART clinics in the Zomba district. Random sampling was conducted for all clients attending their ART clinics on specific days. The study surveyed 382 participants living with HIV. Of these participants, the majority were women (N = 247, 64.7%), and 87 (22.8%) screened positive for CMDs and/or alcohol misuse using the self-reporting questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20) and alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT). Of these, only 47 (54%) had been screened by health workers for CMDs or risky alcohol use in the past 12 months, and 66 (76%) wanted to receive treatment. Of the total sample of 382 participants, only 92 (24%) and 89 (23%) had been screened for CMDs or risky alcohol use by health workers. Failures by clinical officers and nurses to screen or treat CMDs and risky alcohol use in ART clinics represent missed opportunities to address the mental health of people living with HIV. Providing psychoeducation for staff, guidelines for screening and managing CMDs and alcohol use, increasing human resources, and accelerating implementation of the mental health policy in Malawi may be a few ways of improving mental health service provision at ART clinics in Malawi.
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Makombe, Simon D., Anthony D. Harries, Joseph Kwong-Leung Yu, Mindy Hochgesang, Eustice Mhango, Ralf Weigel, Olesi Pasulani, Margaret Fitzgerald, Erik J. Schouten, and Edwin Libamba. "Outcomes of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma who start antiretroviral therapy under routine programme conditions in Malawi." Tropical Doctor 38, no. 1 (January 2008): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/td.2007.060023.

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AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-related malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, with a generally unfavourable prognosis. We report on six-month and 12-month cohort treatment outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive KS patients and HIV-positive non-KS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in public sector facilities in Malawi. Data were collected from standardized antiretroviral (ARV) patient master cards and ARV patient registers. Between July and September 2005, 7905 patients started ART-488 (6%) with a diagnosis of KS and 7417 with a non-KS diagnosis. Between January and March 2005, 4580 patients started ART-326 (7%) with a diagnosis of KS and 4254 with a non-KS diagnosis. At six-months and 12-months, significantly fewer KS patients were alive and significantly more had died or defaulted compared to non-KS patients. HIV-positive KS patients on ART in Malawi have worse outcomes than other patients on ART. Methods designed to improve these outcomes must be found.
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C. Wetzel, Elizabeth, Tapiwa Tembo, Elaine J. Abrams, Alick Mazenga, Mike J. Chitani, Saeed Ahmed, Xiaoying Yu, and Maria H. Kim. "The relationship between intimate partner violence and HIV outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV in Malawi." Malawi Medical Journal 33, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v33i4.4.

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BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health concern particularly in pregnancy where IPV can have negative health implications for the mother and child. Data suggest IPV disproportionately affects pregnant women living with HIV (PWLWH) compared to those without HIV. HIV-related outcomes are worse among women experiencing IPV. Despite this knowledge, there is paucity of data concerning PWLWH and IPV in Malawi, where there is a high HIV prevalence (10.6%). ObjectivesWe aim to characterize IPV amongst PWLWH in Malawi and describe its relationship to demographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, and HIV-related outcomes. MethodsThis analysis used data from the VITAL Start pilot study, which is a video-based intervention targeting retention and ART adherence amongst PWLWH in Malawi. PWLWH not on ART were recruited at antenatal clinic and given study questionnaires to assess demographics, IPV, and psychosocial factors. Questionnaires were also administered at one-month follow-up to assess outcomes related to HIV. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to explore the risk factors associated with IPV.ResultsThirty-nine percent of participants reported ever experiencing IPV from their current partner. The majority (53%) reporting IPV experienced more than one type of violence. IPV was associated with being married (p=0.04) and depression (p<0.0001) in the univariable analysis. For women retained at one-month, IPV was associated with reporting a missed ART dose in the past month but not with adherence measured by pill count.ConclusionsA large proportion of PWLWH experienced IPV from their current partner and IPV was associated with worse self-reported ART adherence at one-month follow-up. Further evidence is needed to understand how IPV impacts PWLWH throughout postpartum and beyond. Given the detrimental impact on health outcomes among PWLWH in Malawi, additional focus on IPV is essential to identify mechanisms to prevent, screen, and manage IPV among this population.
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Chisati, Enock. "Physical activity levels among Malawian adults living with HIV and receiving anti-retroviral therapy." Malawi Medical Journal 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v32i1.3.

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IntroductionDespite increasing life expectancy among people living with HIV (PLWHIV), anti-retroviral therapy (ART) side effects, HIV chronic inflammation and co-morbidities may limit functional abilities and reduced participation in exercises and physical activity (PA). PA improves wellbeing and overall quality of life of PLWHIV. In Malawi, there is paucity of information regarding PA levels among Malawians living with HIV and receiving ART. Therefore, this study aimed at determining PA levels among PLWHIV and receiving ART in Malawi. MethodsA quantitative cross-sectional design was employed. Eligible participants were male and female adults aged 18–45 years living with HIV receiving ART for at least 1 year. The participants were recruited from Limbe Health Center, Gateway Health Center and Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) in Blantyre, Malawi. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the PA levels. A Stadiometer (HS-DBS00361, Model: 1127154) was used to measure weight (kg) and height (cm) of the participants. ResultsA total of 213 participants were recruited. There were more females than male participants (n=132 females). Overall, the mean age of all participants was 37±6.5 years and they were within normal body weight (BMI=23±4.0). Many participants (n=85, 40%) had low PA levels followed by those who were moderately physically active (n=75, 36%). A larger proportion of the female participants (51%) had low PA levels compared to males (22%). Forty-two percent of participants with 1–3 years of ART had low PA whereas 39% with >3 years ART had low PA. ConclusionMost PLWHIV and receiving ART in the sample have low PA levels. The study has also revealed that proportionally more females than males had low PA levels.
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Makombe, Simon D., Andreas Jahn, Hannock Tweya, Lameck Thambo, Joseph Kwong-Leung Yu, Bethany Hedt, Ralf Weigel, et al. "A national survey of prisoners on antiretroviral therapy in Malawi: access to treatment and outcomes on therapy." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 1, no. 03 (December 1, 2007): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.368.

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Background: Malawi is making good progress scaling up antiretroviral therapy (ART), but we do not know the levels of access of high-risk, disadvantaged groups such as prisoners. The aim of this study was to measure access and treatment outcomes of prisoners on ART at the national level. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted examining patient follow-up records from all 103 public sector ART clinics in Malawi, and observations were censored on December 31, 2006. Results: By December 31, 2006, a total of 81,821 patients had been started on ART. Of these, 103 (0.13%) were prisoners. At ART initiation, 93% of prisoners were in World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage 3 or 4 while 7% started in stage 1 or 2 with a CD4-lymphocyte count of ≤250/mm3. Treatment outcomes by the end of December 2006 were as follows: 66 (64%) alive and on ART at their registration facility; 9 (9%) dead; 8 (8%) lost to follow-up; and 20 (19%) transferred out to another facility. The probability of being alive and on ART at 6 and 12 months was 82.5% and 77.7%. Conclusions: In spite of the rapid scale-up of ART, only a small number of HIV-positive prisoners had accessed ART by the end of 2006. Treatment outcomes were good. Initiatives are now needed to improve access to HIV testing and ART in Malawi’s prisons.
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Chikwapulo, Bongani, Bagrey Ngwira, Jean Baptiste Sagno, and Rhys Evans. "Renal outcomes in patients initiated on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based antiretroviral therapy at a community health centre in Malawi." International Journal of STD & AIDS 29, no. 7 (January 16, 2018): 650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462417749733.

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Tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy (TDF ART) is the first-line regimen for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Africa. However, contemporary data on nephrotoxicity are lacking. We determined the renal outcomes of patients commenced on TDF ART in Malawi. ART-naïve patients initiated on TDF ART at a community health centre between 1 July 2013 and 31 December 2015 were included. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, Cockcroft-Gault) was recorded at the initiation of therapy and over 18 months thereafter. The prevalence of renal impairment at ART initiation (eGFR < 60 ml/min) and the incidence of nephrotoxicity (eGFR < 50 ml/min) were determined. A total of 439 patients (median age: 32 years; 317 [72.2%] female) were included. Twenty-one (4.8%) patients had renal impairment at ART initiation; eGFR improved in all during follow-up. Nephrotoxicity occurred in 17 (4.0%) patients with eGFR > 50 ml/min at baseline, predominantly within the first six months of therapy. Increasing age and diastolic hypertension (>100 mmHg) were independent risk factors for nephrotoxicity development. The prevalence of kidney disease at ART initiation was 4.8% and nephrotoxicity occurred in 4.0%. Some eGFR decline may have been due to weight gain. Targeted monitoring of kidney function six months after TDF initiation should be considered in Malawi.
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McGuire, Megan, Tamika Munyenyembe, Elisabeth Szumilin, Annette Heinzelmann, Mickael Le Paih, Nenette Bouithy, and Mar Pujades-Rodríguez. "Vital status of pre-ART and ART patients defaulting from care in rural Malawi." Tropical Medicine & International Health 15 (April 29, 2010): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02504.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Malawi Art"

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Smith, Benjamin Wellard. "Rock art in south-central Africa : a study based on the pictographs of Dedza District, Malawi and Kasama District, Zambia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283703.

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Van, den Akker Thomas. "Constructive integration : changes in uptake and outcomes of reproductive health services during the scaling up of ART and PMTCT in Thyolo District, Malawi." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12621.

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Background: In recent years there has been increasing debate about the impact of scaled-up ART and PMTCT programmes on the uptake and outcomes of reproductive health services, in particular the potential detrimental effects of HIV-care on the overall capacity of fragile health systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the uptake of reproductive health services as well as the main pregnancy outcomes during the scaling up of ART and PMTCT in Thyolo District, Malawi. Methods : Study design: retrospective descriptive district-wide cohort analysis for the period 2005 to 2009. Setting: Thyolo District, an area with around 600,000 inhabitants, an adult HIV-prevalence of 21% and a Total Fertility Rate of 5.7 in 2004. HIV-care including ART and PMTCT was scaled up since 2004 in Thyolo District to reach district-wide coverage in 2007. HIV-care is provided at district hospital, health centre and community health post levels. Outcomes: uptake of antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care, family planning and treatment of sexually transmitted infections; infrastructural changes, and changes in maternal and perinatal pregnancy outcome. Data collection and analysis: data were collected from facility antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum records, as well as from MoH and MSF databases maintained for routine programme monitoring. Chisquare tests were performed comparing the baseline year (2005) with the year of study end (2009). Results: Uptake of peripartum care had improved markedly by the end of the five-year study period: the percentages of pregnant women who took up antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care increased by 30%, 25% and 20% respectively. The number of family planning consultations increased by almost 50% and the number of women treated for sexually transmitted infections more than doubled. Interactions between HIV-care and general reproductive health care had positive effects on key health system components, including governance, health financing, human resources and drug supply. Reliable pregnancy outcome indicators for the entire observation period were difficult to obtain due to likely under-reporting of facility-based maternal and perinatal mortality. However, previously documented results from Thyolo show a reduction of facility-based severe maternal complications, including uterine rupture, between 2007 and 2009. Conclusions: Uptake of reproductive health services and facility-based maternal outcomes increased markedly during the period of HIV scale–up. This implies that the scale up of HIV-care did not inhibit, and likely increased, uptake of reproductive health services, while quality improvements in perinatal care could still be successfully implemented. The finding that ART and PMTCT care may be successfully integrated into broader reproductive health services with satisfying outcomes is a strong argument for continued scale up of ART and PMTCT in similar settings.
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Lembani, Martina Esinala [Verfasser], Wilhelm [Gutachter] Löwenstein, and Christof [Gutachter] Hartmann. "Analysis of the effectiveness of Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in HIV and AIDS Service Delivery : the case of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) programme in Malawi / Martina Esinala Lembani ; Gutachter: Wilhelm Löwenstein, Christof Hartmann ; IEE, International Development Studies." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1239416083/34.

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Tsiku, Packson. "Outcome of universal life-long ART for all HIV infected pregnant and breastfeeding women and children less than 24 months regardless of WHO stage or CD4 count (PMTCT option B+) - a case study in a rural district, Malawi." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15736.

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Background: Malawi has one of the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rates in sub-Sahara Africa. It has the ninth largest HIV burden in the world. Following the 2010 WHO PMTCT recommendations Malawi started providing lifelong ART to HIV-infected pregnant and lactating women regardless of clinical stage or CD4 count (option B+) in July 2011. Aim To assess the outcome of pregnant and lactating mothers receiving ART (option B+) and their infants less than 24 months in a rural health district of Malawi. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of option B+ women who were initiated on ART between 1st July 2011 and 31st December 2012 was conducted in Ntchisi district. Their exposed infants were also enrolled in the study. The study participants were followed up to 31st December 2013. Data was mainly collected from ART registers, ANC registers and ART patient master cards using structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Results: A total of 201 option B+ mothers, 136 pregnant women and 65 lactating mothers were enrolled in our study. Their median age was 32 years. 19.9% of HIV pregnant mothers started ANC at less than 12 weeks gestation and 21% attended the recommended four ANC visits or more. The proportion of pregnant and lactating women tested for HIV was 89.6%. Uptake of ART in HIV positive pregnant and lactating women was 80.1%. Of 54 option B+ mothers enrolled in the July 2011-December 2011 cohort, 70.4%, 64.8%, 57.4% and 55.6 % were retained at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months respectively, and 73.5%, 66% and 65.3% of 147 option B+ mother enrolled in the January 2012-December 2012 cohort were retained at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. Out of 126 option B+ who remained in care in December 2013, 89 (70.6%) had adherence rate of 95% or more in the last visit of the October-December 2013 quarter. Of all women who commenced option B+ during pregnancy, 56/ 77 (72.7%) who remained in care during the October-December 2013 quarter had adherence of at least 95%, while 33/49 (67.3%) of women who commenced option B+ during lactation and who remained in care during the October - Dec ember 2013 quarter had adherence of at least 95% or more. This difference was not statistically significant, OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.6-2.8. A total of 198 exposed infants were enrolled and their median birth weight was 3.2 kg. Uptake of PCR/rapid test for the infants was 73.7 %. 163/198 (82.3%) received NVP. Out of 53 exposed infants enrolled in Jul y 2011-Dec ember 2011 birth cohort, 81.1 %, 67.9 %, 5 1 % and 17 % were retained at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months respectively. In the January 2012-Dec ember 2012 cohort the proportion of exposed infant s retained were 89 %, 81.2 % and 47.6 % at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. Of all infants tested for HIV infection during the study period, a higher proportion who were enrolled in the July-Dec ember 2011 birth cohort became HIV-infected compared to those enrolled in the January-December 2012 cohort, 7/ 3 4 ( 20. 6 %) versus 4/ 112 ( 3.6 %), OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 1.9 -25.7. A significantly higher proportion of HIV-exposed infants born to mothers who initiated ART during lactation acquired HIV infection than those born to mothers who initiated ART during pregnancy, 7/43 (16.3%) versus 4/103 (3.9%), OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.3 - 17.4. Conclusion: Our research findings suggest that the PMTCT programme in the Ntchisi district can be improved. Late booking during pregnancy, initiation of ART late during pregnancy or only during lactation, low retention in care for HIV pregnant and lactating mothers and their HIV-exposed infants, inadequate HIV testing of HIV-exposed infants and low ART adherence rate of HIV pregnant and lactating mothers should be addressed in order to optimize the administration and effectiveness of option B+.
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Mwakapenda, Willy Weston J., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Using everyday experiences in teaching secondary mathematics in Malawi: Possibilities and constraints for change." Deakin University. School of Scientific and Developmental Studies, 2000. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051017.111732.

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Proponents of socially and culturally oriented mathematics education have argued that teaching approaches which value and connect with the learner's prior knowledge and everyday experience are more likely to promote active, meaningful, relevant and liberatory learning than approaches which rely on transmission and abstract presentation of mathematical content. In Malawi, proposals to reform the outdated secondary mathematics curriculum have been made with the aim of aligning mathematics instruction with the social and political changes in the current Malawian society. Using a case study approach, this study investigated the extent to which everyday experiences could be used as a vehicle for changing the learning and teaching of secondary mathematics in Malawi. The study was collaborative, taking place over a period of five months in severely overcrowded and poorly resourced classes in two schools. It involved three mathematics teachers in a cycle of planning and teaching mathematics lessons based on the use of everyday experiences, and observation of and reflection on these lessons, in order to document the effects of using everyday experiences on student learning and teachers' teaching practices. The data was collected through student questionnaires; classroom observations and fieldnotes; interviews and reflective meetings with teachers; and informal meetings with key education officials in Malawi. Mathematics examination results from students involved in this study and a corresponding group from the previous year were collected. A reflective and critical approach was adopted in the interpretation and discussion of the data. Teachers' participation in this study resulted in heightened awareness of their teaching roles and the value of linking school mathematics with everyday experience. The study also shows that students found mathematics interesting and important to learn despite their lack of success in it. In addition, the study documented a number of constraints to change in mathematics instruction such as teachers' focus on mathematics content and examination requirements, and students' resistance to inquiry learning. It also recorded possibilities and barriers to collaboration both between teachers and researchers, and teachers themselves. The findings of this study are timely since they could serve to inform the reform of the Malawian secondary mathematics curriculum currently being undertaken, which began without a critical examination of the classroom conditions necessary to accommodate a socio-politically relevant mathematics education.
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Magolowondo, Augustine Titani. "Democratisation aid as a challenge for development co-operation a comparative study of overall policies of two bilateral and two multilateral development agencies and how they are implemented in Malawi /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975037498.

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Chilumpha, Cassim H. "The consumer and fair exchange : a theoretical appraisal of the Malawi Hire-Purchase Act." Thesis, University of Hull, 1986. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11275.

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Unfair exchange is a problem which the consumer who acquires goods under credit agreement may face. The goods may be misdescribed by the supplier or he may charge an excessive rate of interest for the credit allowance made to the consumer or the supplier may insert into the credit agreement provisions which protect him at the expense of the consumer or the supplier may over-secure his interest under the agreement. The principal law which governs credit agreements in Malawi is the Hire-Purchase Act. This Act provides the basic content and form of a credit agreement and prohibits the supplier to insert certain clauses in the agreement and to engage in certain forms of conduct in relation to the agreement. This thesis analyses the Act and argues that although it seeks to ensure that the consumer gets a fair exchange from the agreement, it has a number of weaknesses which undermine achievement of that objective. First, statements made about goods and credit supplied under the agreement, the quality of those goods and sane types of security agreement which may be made in respect of the credit agreement are left to be regulated by other sources of law which are not primarily concerned with consumer protection. Secondly, the form of control created by the Act does not seem to be based on a clear and consistent policy. And third, enforcement of the Act is left to the parties to the credit agreement. The thesis is divided into nine chapters. Chapter 1 is the introduction which outlines issues dealt with in the thesis. The second chapter examines bases upon which common law controls unfair contracts and unfair contract provisions. Chapter three discusses the law which governs the quality of goods supplied under a credit agreement. Chapter 4 looks at provisions of the Hire-Purchase Act which govern credit. The fifth chapter deals with the law relating to security agreements which may be made in respect of credit agreements. Chapter G analyses all the regulatory provisions of the Hire-Purchase Act. Chapters seven and eight explore the possibility of public control of unfair exchange in these agreements. The former discusses how criminal sanctions could be used to re-enforce compliance with standards created by the Act while the latter shows that the whole regime could be made more effective by the introduction of a system of registration of traders who supply goods on credit. Chapter nine sums up all the findings of the thesis.
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MONS, PHILIPPE. "L'inachevement : evolution des discours relatifs aux productions artistiques des malades mentaux : etude de cinq cas cliniques." Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M359.

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Potherat, Fabienne. ""Dieu(x) et l'Un conscient" : une approche de la maladie mentale en art." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30066.

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Notre étude fait suite à celle de notre D.E.A : « La ruine comme fondement », en traversant les champs croisés de la psychanalyse et de l’esthétique de l’art. Nous poursuivons le postulat analytique qui est que l’être se forme à travers la division de ses parties internes, inconscientes, ou peu conscientes et non à travers l’unité de son moi conscient. Notre étude consacre en deux parties, cette distinction fondamentale entre l’être social : “l’Unité idéalogique” et l’être créateur : « l’unité du conscient ». Nous convions les artistes et les poètes singuliers, tels que M. Rothko,Y. Reynier, J. Bosch, Arrabal, F. Pessoa, F. Kafka, L. de Vinci, F. Bacon, G. Bataille. Nous suivons la mise en forme de cette unité psychologique à l’épreuve de la création, de « la fantaisie » et de la réalité, et les limites frontalières à la toujours possible folie issue de la fragmentation. “Démembrer le corps de l’art” proclame Rothko juste avant de se trancher le bras. Nous nous sommes risqué à la tension inapaisable de l’être chez Pessoa par Heidegger pour qui, Etre, c’est être-étant hors de l’idéalité du dieu transcendental a-figural. Antigone et Œdipe ouvrent la schize … Moïse et Freud la referment. Entre ces figures mythiques, nous accompagnons « l’antre-soi » de Daniela, adolescente autiste du Mas de La Sauvagine de Vauvert et la bulle d’air de Renée, jeune patiente schizophrène de Marie Andrée Sechehaye. Ces « études de cas »nous permettent dans un premier temps de poser ce qui fait sens comme « unité » et de comprendre de façon dialectique comment cela s’articule à la notion de désir d’être et d’être de désir
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Kalinga, Owen J. M. "A History of the Ngonde kingdom of Malawi /." Berlin ; New York ; Amsterdam : Mouton, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34926299s.

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Books on the topic "Malawi Art"

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Kelly, David. Malawi: Endangered beauty. [Malawi?]: D. Kelly, 2005.

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Caverna (Gallery : Blantyre, Malawi), Galleria (Lilongwe Malawi), Weltcafé ElbFaire (Hamburg Germany), Germany Presse und Informationsamt, and Kulturhalle (Tübingen Germany), eds. Myths of Malawi: Ein Dialog in Bildern. Tübingen: Wasmuth, 2017.

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Peverelle, Monica. Images of Malaŵi: A collection of paintings and prose. Blantyre, Republic of Malaŵi: Central Africana Ltd., 1991.

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KuNgoni: When water falls, sand becomes crystal : a guide to Mua and the KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art, Malawi. Mtakataka, Malawi: KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art, 2007.

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Digging our roots: The Chamare Museum frescoes. Mtakataka, Malawi: KuNgoni Art Craft Centre, 2002.

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The Gospel seed: Culture and faith in Malawi as expressed in the Missio Banner. Mtakataka, Malawi: KuNgoni Art Craft Centre, 2002.

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AIDS artists and authors: Popular responses to the epidemic : 1985-2006. Zomba, Malawi: WASI Publications, 2007.

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Doling, Tim. Malawi: Arts directory. London: Visiting Arts, 1999.

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Malawi. Investment promotion act, Malaŵi. Zomba, Malaŵi: Govt. Printer, 1991.

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Medici, malati, malattie e farmaci nella storia dell'arte. Roma: Aracne, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Malawi Art"

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Abdulla, Sharifa. "The Art of Inclusion: Contradictions Affecting Theatre for Development Interventions in Malawi." In Handbook on Promoting Social Justice in Education, 1–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74078-2_15-1.

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Abdulla, Sharifa. "The Art of Inclusion: Contradictions Affecting Theatre for Development Interventions in Malawi." In Handbook on Promoting Social Justice in Education, 999–1020. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14625-2_15.

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Bradshaw, Darden, and Novea McIntosh. "Moving the margins in Malawi." In Arts and Culture in Global Development Practice, 209–28. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003148203-14.

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Zarling, Stasya, and Urszula Krzych. "Characterization of Liver CD8 T Cell Subsets that are Associated with Protection Against Pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium Parasites." In Malaria Vaccines, 39–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2815-6_3.

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Perianes, Milena Bacalja, and Dalitso Ndaferankhande. "Becoming Female: The Role of Menarche Rituals in “Making Women” in Malawi." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 423–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_33.

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Abstract This chapter uses qualitative research methods to explore the role that menarche rituals play in making women in Malawi—specifically, the role that ritual and practice play in facilitating the integration of girls into social structures and in providing a means of codifying female behavior. Bacalja Perianes and Ndaferankhande read these rituals through an African ontological position to move beyond understanding African women’s subjectivity through the lens of oppression and gender-based hierarchies. By situating menstruation in local epistemologies, Bacalja Perianes and Ndaferankhande demonstrate how gender can be understood at a personal level, through the collective and relational experience of menstruation in Malawi. Findings from the research suggest that within Malawi, to be female is collectively ascribed, and individually understood, through the active and intelligible performance of menarche rituals and consequent menstrual practices. It is through such traditions, Bacalja Perianes and Ndaferankhande show, that women are “made,” with their newly ascribed gender imbuing them with a locus of power within their communities.
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Østern, Anna-Lena, and Sunniva Skjøstad Hovde. "Untamed stories told by artfully creative artists in Malawi and Norway." In Performative Approaches in Arts Education, 168–92. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge research in education: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429444159-11.

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Kawaye, Floney P., and Michael F. Hutchinson. "Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato Yield on Monthly Climate in Malawi." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 617–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_120.

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AbstractClimate change and climate variability in Malawi have negatively affected the production of maize, a staple food crop. This has adversely affected food security. On the other hand, there have been increases in growing area, production, yield, consumption, and commercialization of both cassava and sweet potato. Factors behind these increases include the adaptive capacity of these crops in relation to climate change and variability, structural adjustment programs, population growth and urbanization, new farming technologies, and economic development. Cassava and sweet potato are seen to have the potential to contribute to food security and alleviate poverty among rural communities.This study used a simple generic growth index model called GROWEST to model observed yields of maize, cassava, and sweet potato across Malawi between 2001 and 2012. The method can be viewed as a hybrid approach between complex process-based crop models and typical statistical models. For each food crop, the GROWEST model was able to provide a robust correlation between observed yields and spatially interpolated monthly climate. The model parameters, which included optimum growing temperatures and growing seasons, were well determined and agreed with known values. This indicated that these models could be used with reasonable confidence to project the impacts of climate change on crop yield. These projections could help assess the future of food security in Malawi under the changing climate and assist in planning for this future.
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Bunderson, W. Trent, Christian L. Thierfelder, Zwide D. Jere, and R. G. K. Museka. "Assessing the application and practice of conservation agriculture in Malawi." In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development, 151–75. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0008.

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Abstract The Conservation Agriculture (CA) system promoted by Total LandCare (TLC) and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) is based on 14 years of experience grounded on the principles of minimum soil disturbance, good soil cover and crop associations. The platform to promote CA in Malawi was to build a strong base of knowledge about best practices through an innovative non-linear research-extension approach. Long-term on-farm trials were conducted in multiple sites across Malawi to compare yields and labour inputs of CA with conventional ridge tillage on the same footing. Results showed the superiority of CA in terms of maize and legume yields with significant savings in labour and resilience to climate change. The results provided the basis to upscale CA although adoption was lower than expected. Key challenges included: (i) lack of exposure and training; (ii) conflicting extension messages; (iii) misconceptions about inputs and tools for CA; (iv) resistance to change unless CA is clearly seen to be a better practice; (v) fears about controlling weeds, pests and diseases under CA; and (vi) perceptions that increased termites and earthworms are harmful to soils and crops.
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Cubbon, Alexandra. "KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art." In Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism. London: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781135000356-rem2127-1.

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Founded in 1976 by Canadian White Father Claude Boucher, a Christian missionary, the KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art is a non-profit organisation located in central Malawi. The centre, originally established to teach local artists new carving techniques, lies in close proximity to the Mua Mission, the oldest station of the Missionaries of Africa (the White Fathers) in Malawi, and its resources and exhibitions explore the cultures of three tribes of the Mua region: Chewa, Ngoni, and Yao. In particular, the KuNgoni Centre houses artifacts and oral histories of Gule Wamkulu, a secret society of the Chewa, who perform the gule wamizimu, or ‘dance of the spirits’. UNESCO named the gule wamizimu a ‘Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity’ in 2005.
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Copeland, Ian R. "Making a Difference?" In The Art of Emergency, 90–116. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190692322.003.0005.

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In Malawi as elsewhere, several NGOs recruit fee-paying “volun-tourists” drawn to a seductive fusion of service and adventure. This chapter considers one such organization—World Camp, Incorporated—and its use of musical strategies during residencies that take place in primary schools and conclude with student-led performances. The efficacy of World Camp’s public health interventions is a matter of considerable ambivalence. In wedding biomedical lyrical content to locally legible musical forms, students enact a hybridized genre with the potential to subvert autochthonous models of knowledge circulation. Volunteers, meanwhile, perceive their students’ performative capabilities through a romantic prism of endemic musicality, an interpretive move that elides the complexity of local praxis and rehashes racial tropes. Ultimately, this chapter argues that volunteers’ reception of their students’ performances completes a circuit of semiotic validation, reifying outsiders’ sense of altruism and perpetuating a model of humanitarian intervention with compromised regard for local impact.
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Conference papers on the topic "Malawi Art"

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Gondwe, Yolanda, Evaristar Kudowa, Matthew Painschab, Tamiwe Tomoka, Yuri Fedoriw, Edwards Kasonkanji, Bongani Kaimila, et al. "Abstract 88: Clinical Characteristics of Incident Lymphoma in Malawi before and after Implementation of Universal ART." In Abstracts: 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; March 10-11, 2021. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr21-88.

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Omar, Asmah Haji. "The Malay Language in Mainland Southeast Asia." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.16-1.

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Today the Malay language is known to have communities of speakers outside the Malay archipelago, such as in Australia inclusive of the Christmas Islands and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the Indian Ocean (Asmah, 2008), the Holy Land of Mecca and Medina (Asmah et al. 2015), England, the Netherlands, France, and Germany. The Malay language is also known to have its presence on the Asian mainland, i.e. Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. As Malays in these three countries belong to a minority, in fact among the smallest of the minorities, questions that arise are those that pertain to: (i) their history of settlement in the localities where they are now; (ii) the position of Malay in the context of the language policy of their country; and (iii) maintenance and shift of the ancestral and adopted languages.
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Rahayuningtyas, Wida, Jazuli Jazuli, Tjetjep Rohendi Rohidi, and Totok Sumaryanto. "Inheriting the Values of Mask Puppet Dance-Drama in Malang, Indonesia." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Art and Arts Education (ICAAE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaae-18.2019.55.

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Chimpololo, Andrew. "Using the Five-Stage Model to Examine Capacity Building of Teaching Staff on Emergency Education in the Covid-19 Era at a Malawian University." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.4633.

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The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2019 marked a turning point in the delivery of education globally. The exponential rise in positive cases months later left the majority of higher education institutions in the developing world awe-stricken as they had inadequate or no infrastructure to enable them to switch to emergency delivery modes. Universities in Malawi were equally affected and had to re-organise themselves to explore alternative modes of continuing with teaching and learning in the face of the contagion. This paper applies the five-stage model to examine a capacity building programme for teaching staff on emergency education in the Covid-19 era at the Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences. The study was largely qualitative and data collection involved a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. Whilst most staff members initially held negative perceptions, the situation gradually changed as positive sentiments became widespread. The perceptual shift could essentially be attributed to intensive training on the e-learning platform, Moodle, as well as simultaneous acquisition of supporting infrastructure. Apparent increase in academic autonomy, which ostensibly arose from the urgent search for innovative education methodologies, further influenced favourable dispositions among the staff. In harmony with the five-stage model, there was progression of development among the teaching staff from low to high order skills although close supervision was critical during the first sessions of the training. Application of the model in the Malawian context would, however, be more effective if synchronous and asynchronous methods are integrated to help address challenges relating to internet connectivity and ICT resource constraints. Additionally, sufficient time would be required to facilitate the development of high-order thinking skills in the later stages of the model.
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Iksan, Nur, and Mayang Anggrian. "Inter-territorial Creativity of Tyaga Art Management: Acts of Art in Empowering Public Health." In 1st International Seminar on Cultural Sciences, ISCS 2020, 4 November 2020, Malang, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2308911.

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Edwards, M. J. "Designing a digital anthropometric measurement system for hospitals in Malawi." In 5th IET International Seminar on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries (AHT 2008). IEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20080582.

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Omar, M., M. Ibrahim, H. M. Razali, and S. F. M. Hashim. "The beauty in the Malay manuscript appreciation of art." In PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0055659.

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Scholz, Christopher A., and Douglas Wood. "Early-Stage Extension in the Southwest East African Rift: Integration of New Seismic Reflection Data." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2614293-ms.

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ABSTRACT The western branch of the East African Rift is characterized by modest amounts of extension and by deeply-subsided, fault-controlled basins filled with large, deep lakes. Lakes Tanganyika and Nyasa (Malawi) are two of the largest lakes in the world, with maximum water depths of 1450 and 700 m respectively. Newly acquired seismic reflection data, along with newly reprocessed legacy data reveal thick sedimentary sections, in excess of 5 km in some localities. The 1980's vintage legacy data from Project PROBE have been reprocessed through pre-stack depth migration in Lake Tanganyika, and similar reprocessing of legacy data from Lake Nyasa (Malawi) is underway. New high-fold and large-source commercial data have recently been collected in southern Lake Tanganyika, and new academic data have been acquired in the northern and central basins of Lake Nyasa (Malawi) as part of the 2015 SEGMeNT project. In the case of Lake Tanganyika, new data indicate the presence of older sediment packages that underlie previously identified "pre-rift" basement (the "Nyanja Event"). These episodes of sedimentation and extension may substantially predate the modern lake. These deep stratal reflections are absent in many localites, possibly on account of attenuation of the acoustic signal. However in one area of southern Lake Tanganyika, the newly-observed deep strata extend axially for ~70 km, likely representing deposits from a discrete paleolake. The high-amplitude Nyanja Event is interpreted as the onset of late-Cenozoic rifting, and the changing character of the overlying depositional sequences reflects increasing relief in the rift valley, as well as the variability of fluvial inputs, and the intermittent connectivity of upstream lake catchments. Earlier Tanganyika sequences are dominated by shallow lake and fluvial-lacustrine facies, whereas later sequences are characterized by extensive gravity flow deposition in deep water, and pronounced erosion and incision in shallow water depths and on littoral platforms. The age and provenance of the sub-Nyanja Event sequences is unknown, but may correlate to Miocene, Cretaceous or Karroo-age sedimentary packages documented elsewhere in the southwestern part of the East African Rift, including in the region around Lakes Rukwa and Nyasa (Malawi).
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Mohd Din, Nurul Huda, Mumtaz Mokhtar, Wan Samiati Andriana Wan Muhammad Daud, Syafril Amir Muhammad, and Nabilah Mudzafar. "The Conceptual Framework of Islamic Art in the Establishing Style of Art Illumination in Malay Manuscripts." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Design Industries & Creative Culture, DESIGN DECODED 2021, 24-25 August 2021, Kedah, Malaysia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.24-8-2021.2315170.

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Adlin, Dilinar, Julaga Situmorang, and Abdul Hasan Saragih. "The Development of Assessment Instrument Models of Malay Dance Art." In 6th Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211110.146.

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Reports on the topic "Malawi Art"

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Vu, Lung, Brady Zieman, Adamson Muula, Vincent Samuel, Lyson Tenthani, David Chilongozi, Simon Sikwese, Grace Kumwenda, and Scott Geibel. Assessment of community-based ART service model linking female sex workers to HIV care and treatment in Blantyre and Mangochi, Malawi. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv12.1031.

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De Weerdt, Joachim, and Jan Duchoslav. Are fertilizer subsidies in Malawi value for money? Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.135960.

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Duchoslav, Jan, and Joseph Rusike. Why are fertilizer prices in Malawi high? And what can be done? Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134546.

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Harris, Jodie, Jacqueline Chalemera, Mphatso Nowa, Brian Mhango, Phindile Lupafya, Tendai Museka Saidi, Callum Northcote, Rashid Bhaji, and Natalie Roschnik. Malawi Stories of Change in Nutrition: Overview. Save the Children, Civil Society Agriculture Network (CISANET), and the Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.077.

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Malawi has made significant progress in improving nutrition outcomes in the past decades. Despite this, the rates of stunting and anaemia remain high and overweight and obesity amongst women is rising. Malawi remains one of the most committed countries to nutrition, ranking 3rd out of 45 African countries on the Hunger and Nutrition Commitment Index, but effective implementation of policies is still challenging. Progress is being inhibited by a lack of dedicated budget lines for nutrition at district level, over reliance on external donors, poor coordination and competing priorities for limited resources within sectoral budgets. The pandemic, climate change and the Ukraine war have disrupted food systems, increased prices of fuel, fertilizer, and food, and caused loss of harvest and livelihoods, threatening to reverse decades of progress. Positive and coordinated action is needed to increase financial commitment to food and nutrition security, ensure nutrition is prioritised in the nation’s economic and development agenda, and continue Malawi’s progress to reducing malnutrition.
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Chiaravalle, Susan M. Operational Art: Lessons from Japan's Malaya Campaign and Capture of Singapore. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada298126.

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Nyirongo, Godwin, Chiya Mangwele, Hugh Bagnall-Oakeley, Callum Northcote, Jacqueline Chalemera, Mphatso Nowa, Phindile Lupafaya, et al. Malawi Stories of Change in Nutrition: Funding for Nutrition. Save the Children, Civil Society Agriculture Network (CISANET), and Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.078.

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Malawi has strong policies and frameworks for nutrition but insufficient funding to implement them. Analyses of government budgets at national level and in 10 districts from financial years 2016/17 to 2022/23, found that domestic budget allocations for nutrition are still well below the 5% of national budget target set by the government. National budget allocations ranged between 0.5% to 3.7% depending on the year. At district level, they ranged from 0.2% to 1.6%, with only one district, in one financial year, exceeding the 1.5% target for district level nutrition budget allocations. Over 95% of nutrition activities in Malawi are currently funded by external donors. The absence of sufficient, consistent and dedicated domestic budget for nutrition at national and district level, means nutrition policies and plans will continue to be driven by, and dependent on, externally funded pilot-scale projects without national reach or ownership. Budget tracking is essential, as it provides data, which all actors can use to hold government to account on their commitments and funding targets.
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Msukwa, Chimwemwe, Jane Burt, and John Colvin. Good Governance in Malawi: Impact evaluation of the ‘Strengthening Land Governance System for Smallholder Farmers in Malawi’ project. Oxfam GB, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7345.

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The EU-funded ‘Strengthening Land Governance System for Smallholder Farmers in Malawi’ project was implemented from 2015 to 2020 by a consortium made up of Oxfam in Malawi, LANDNET (until 2018) and CEPA, with technical support from DAI. The objective was to pilot, test and recommend for scale-up improved gender-sensitive land governance systems. This Effectiveness Review evaluates the success of this project to achieve the following focal outcomes: (1) By 2019, laws have been enacted that are relevant to the registration and titling of customary estates and are ready for implementation and (2) By 2020, women and men in two or more of the target Group Village Headpersons (GVHs) in Phalombe, Kasungu and Rumphi districts have secure land tenure with supporting land governance structures. Using a process tracing approach, achievement of these focal outcomes and the consortium's contribution were assessed. Find out more by reading the full report now.
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Crincoli, Tim, Ella Beveridge, and Howard White. Development project evaluations in Malawi: A Country Evaluation Map. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cswp6.

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The Malawi country evaluation map was created to promote the knowledge and use of development project evaluations in Malawi. It presents 576 project evaluations from nine databases and a targeted Google search. Malawi has very many evaluations of health, agricultural development and economic development interventions. Education, governance and public sector, and social protection all have a broad evidence base. These areas are ripe for summaries of lessons learned from these evaluations. The primary function of the country evaluation map is to increase knowledge and accessibility of project evaluations of development projects in Malawi. This map can be used by policymakers and researchers alike to understand what development project evaluations have been done and where there is a need for more research.
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Roschnik, Natalie, Callum Northcote, Jacqueline Chalemera, Mphatso Nowa, Phindile Lupafaya, Rashida Bhaji, Tendai Museka Saidi, and Brian Mhango. Malawi Stories of Change in Nutrition: Evidence Review. Save the Children, Civil Society Agriculture Network (CISANET), and the Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.079.

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A review of evidence was conducted to understand the trends and determinants of malnutrition and identify interventions and programmes that improved maternal and child nutrition in Malawi. While children are less malnourished than two decades ago, one in three children remains stunted (37%) and 63% are anaemic. Children born from younger and less educated mothers, or from poorer rural households are more likely to be malnourished. One in ten children are born with a low birth weight (< 2.5kgs), with nearly half of them stunted by age two. The main causes of malnutrition include recurring sickness, poor infant and young child feeding and hygiene practices and low use of health and nutrition services, influenced by a wide range of factors, including food insecurity, poverty, gender inequality and food taboos. Programme evaluations and intervention trials have shown mixed results but overall highlight the need to address the multiple underlying drivers of malnutrition, rather than focus on one intervention.
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Nowa, Mphatso, Natalie Roschnik, Jacqueline Chalemera, Brian Mhango, Callum Northcote, Rashida Bhaji, and Tendai Museka Saidi. Malawi Stories of Change in Nutrition: Lessons on Advocacy. Save the Children, Civil Society Agriculture Network (CISANET), and the Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.080.

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Malawi is one of the most committed countries in Africa to improving nutrition, yet it still has one of the highest rates of malnutrition in the region and is struggling to turn commitments into action at scale. The advocacy component of the Afikepo project strengthened capacity of national and district government and Civil Society Organisation (CSO) representatives to plan, budget and advocate for scaling up nutrition commitments at national and in 10 districts. These actions improved awareness, coordination and commitment to prioritise nutrition across sectors, within government, and CSOs and a wide range of actors at national and district level, which in turn improved governance and accountability. However, these actions did not have a substantial effect on domestic funding allocations, which are still heavily reliant on external donors. This brief summarises lessons learned and recommendations from the various advocacy and capacity building efforts over the past four years.
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