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1
Kalsbeek, Feiko, Bjørn Hermansen, Christian Knudsen, Leif Thorning, and Marianne Thorsen. "Co-operation with the Geological Survey Department of Ghana." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 4 (July 20, 2004): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v4.4796.
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Between October 2001 and the end of 2003 there was a close co-operation between the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and the Geological Survey Department of Ghana (GSD), as part of a project to enhance GSD’s institutional capabilities and effectiveness, mainly in the fields of management, geological mapping, map production and data handling. During this period a team of geologists, GIS (Geographic Information System) and database experts as well as administrative staff from GEUS have visited GSD, and GSD officers have visited GEUS in Copenhagen. The main obstacles to GSD becoming an effective organisation are its status as a department under the Ghana Ministry of Mines, insufficient funding by the government, and poor remuneration of its professional staff. To overcome these obstacles, attempts are being made to change the status of GSD from a ‘civil servant organisation’ into a semiautonomous institution, which will permit the Survey to generate funding for its core activities by providing services to outside organisations, and pay better salaries to its personnel. Despite many problems, geological mapping has been resumed and three new geological maps have been produced by GSD during the project and stored in GIS format. A mapping manual has been prepared, and the structure and ‘Mission and Vision Statements’ for the Survey have been revised.
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Liu, Chao-Li, D. L. Asch, B. W. Fisher, and D. D. Coleman. "Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates X." Radiocarbon 34, no. 1 (1992): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200013436.
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The following is a partial list of samples of archaeological interest processed between February 1981 and October 1985 at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. The list contains samples from west-central Illinois that were related to projects conducted by current or former researchers at the Center for American Archeology (CAA) (formerly Foundation for Illinois Archaeology) and Northwestern University, Department of Anthropology, or, as noted, by colleagues from other institutions. Although some of the samples reported here came from non-cultural contexts and are primarily of geological significance, all were from or related to archaeological investigations.
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Ghisler, M. "Review of the Survey's activities in 1985." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 130 (December 31, 1986): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v130.7934.
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The systematic investigation of the geology of Greenland for the State was continued in 1985 by the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU). The investigations encompassed basic research and geological mapping as well as investigations in applied disciplines. Field work, mainly in the months of June, July and August, was carried out by seventy-five scientists and technicians, half of whom belong to the Survey's staff. In addition to the GGU parties several groups from other institutions worked in close collaboration with GGU. The areas of field activity reported on in 1985 are indicated on fig. 1. During 1985 the Survey was partly reorganised, and it is now built up of six main units: Department of Stratigraphy and Structural Geology, Department of Precambrian Geology, Department of Geochemistry, Department of Mineral Resources, Department of Petroleum Geology and Department of Glaciology and Glacial Geology. The administration, computing facilities and editorial staff are directly responsible to the Director.
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Kondratenko, A. V., S. A. Kozlov, and M. S. Zakharov. "Engineering geology of the world ocean seabed (to the 50th anniversary of the laboratory of engineering geology of the world ocean seabed FSBI “VNIIOkeangeologiya”)." Геоэкология. Инженерная геология. Гидрогеология. Геокриология, no. 6 (December 21, 2019): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-7809201963-18.
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This paper reviews the development of engineering geological studies at the Ocean seabed in the Russian Federation for the last 50 years in relation to the works undertaken by Engineering Geology Laboratory of the Ocean seabed the department of FSBI VNIIOkeangeologiya. The potential perspectives of the Ocean mineral resources exploration and extraction attract the attention of experts to the seabed engineering geology. This includes an analysis of the geological, engineering geological and other survey results undertaken so far, as well as the future planning for the engineering geological studies in the Ocean seabed.
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Fakundiny, Robert. "The New York State Museum: Child of the Geological Survey that Grew to be its Guardian." Earth Sciences History 6, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.6.1.9w66h2g183510672.
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The New York State Museum was created by State legislation in 1870 out of the old State Cabinet, which held the specimens collected by the State Geological and Natural History Survey, James Hall, then State Geologist and Palaeontologist within the Survey, was named Director of the Museum. Hall's need to possess and study vast quantities of paleontological specimens required space for collections storage and processing. His collections became the major supply of specimens for the Cabinet and eventually the Museum. After the original Survey was disbanded, in the early 1840's, Hall's presence gave the Cabinet a definite geological character. As the chief geological scientist, Hall considered the geological research of the Cabinet and later the Museum as a product of the "Geological Survey of New York," even though no formal designation of such a unit was ever proclaimed by state legislation. After all, other states were forming geological research units similar to Hall's and calling them geological surveys. It made sense for good communications for Hall and his predecessor State Geologists to refer to their staff as the New York State Geological Survey. Eventually, through a series of other legislative acts, most importantly in 1904 and 1945, the Museum was made the formal administrative home for the Geological Survey and, thus, its guardian. Museum Directors, therefore, have had the principle role in determining the fate of geological and paleontological research within the Geological Survey, After 1926, when the first non-geologist became director, the Museum's research scope grew faster in other natural and social history areas, such as botany, entomology, zoology, archaeology, ethnology, and history. This expansion is exemplified by the addition of a State Historian to the Education Department in 1895. During its 150-year history the Geological Survey has moved six times, and it is now housed in the Cultural Education Center in the Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York.
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van Gaans, Pauline F. M., and Simon P. Vriend. "Geochemical mapping in the Kingdom of the Netherlands: introduction." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 79, no. 4 (December 2000): 371–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600021879.
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In the beginning of the 1990’s, the Department of Geochemistry of Utrecht University started a series of geochemical surveys of the Leeward Islands of the Antilles that form part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Apart from seeking a nice, warm fieldwork environment, the undertaking was motivated by the deficits in infrastructure and financial resources of these islands, which precluded the authorities to undertake such a survey on their own. By then, the International Geological Correlations Programme (IGCP; Darnley et al., 1995) had just been established to address the need for standardised geochemical databases worldwide; the then Geological Survey of the Netherlands (RGD) - now the TNO-Institute of Applied Geosciences (TNO-NITG) - participated in this programme from the start.
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Harder, Scott V., Joseph A. Gellici, and Andrew Wachob. "Water-Level Trends in Aquifers of South Carolina." Journal of South Carolina Water Resources, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/jscwr.01.02.
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Groundwater levels are examined to document and evaluate short- and long-term trends observed in each of the major aquifers in the State. Data are compiled from groundwater-monitoring networks maintained by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (DNR), the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The data are used in the support of groundwater management and allocation, assessment of droughts, groundwater-flow modeling, and resource assessment. Hydrographs from approximately 170 wells are reviewed with periods of record ranging from 1 to 56 years.
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Stearns, Richard. "James Merrill Safford." Earth Sciences History 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.4.1.c187426518w0327l.
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James Merrill Safford (1822-1907), famous for geological investigations of Tennessee, taught chemistry and biology, as well as geology, for 52 years. He held administrative posts in medicine, and his teaching, even of geology, was mostly to would-be physicians, engineers and pharmacists. His education in Silliman's laboratory at Yale, during 1847, probably was the key to his success. From 1848 to 1873 he taught full-time at Cumberland University in Lebanon, Tennessee, except for leave in 1854-56 to work for the geological survey of Tennessee. During the Civil War hiatus, 1862-1866, he taught preparatory languages on a private basis, operated his farm, and investigated oil and gas properties. After 1875, Safford held part-time teaching posts. He was a half-time Professor of Geology and Biology at Vanderbilt University and taught chemistry as a proprietor in a Medical Department jointly operated by Vanderbilt and the University of Nashville. He was also secretary of the Medical Faculty and Dean of the Pharmacy Department at Vanderbilt. Safford was a pleasant, friendly man, who quoted classical poetry and lead early morning prayers. Through 1869, his professional contributions mainly consisted of survey work in geology. Later he mainly applied geology to health, agriculture, and resource development.
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Ngwira, Susan, and Teiji Watanabe. "An Analysis of the Causes of Deforestation in Malawi: A Case of Mwazisi." Land 8, no. 3 (March 15, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8030048.
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Deforestation is recognized as a major driver of the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. It also disturbs natural processes such as biogeochemical, hydrological, and ecological cycles. In Malawi, deforestation is estimated to be responsible for the loss of 33,000 hectares per year, and is mainly attributed to agriculture expansion, tobacco growing, and excessive use of biomass. However, little research has been conducted at either the local level or that of forests located on customary land. This research aimed to identify and analyze the underlying driving factors associated with the proximate factors of agriculture expansion, tobacco growing, and brick burning in Mwazisi. Landsat images for 1991, 2004, and 2017 were downloaded from the United States Geological Survey website and used to analyze changes in forest cover. Interviews with households (n = 399) and Natural Resource Committee members, a focus group discussion with key officers, and observations were conducted during field data collection in 2017. The results of the land cover analysis showed that forest covered 66% of the study area in 1991, and by 2017 it had decreased to 45.8%. Most households depend on wood from customary land forests for tobacco curing (69%) and brick burning (68%). Furthermore, 47.6% of the households have expanded their agriculture land by approximately 0.57 hectares during the past 15 years. The interview survey and the focus group discussion identified that the underlying driving factors towards these anthropogenic activities are: (a) population growth, (b) poverty, (c) expensive alternative building materials, (d) lack of awareness, (e) lack of resources, (f) lack of commitment from the tobacco companies, and (g) market system of the cash crops grown in the area. In conclusion, a set of economic, institutional, social, and demographic factors, which are associated with imbalanced relationship between rural and urban areas, underpin agriculture expansion, tobacco growing, and brick burning, and have thereby contributed to the decline of the forest cover in Mwazisi, Malawi.
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Crovelli, Robert A., James W. Schmoker, and Richard H. Balay. "U.S. department of the interior U.S. geological survey: Fractal lognormal percentage analysis of the U.S. geological survey’s 1995 national assessment of conventional oil and gas resources." Nonrenewable Resources 6, no. 1 (March 1997): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02816924.
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K. G. C. "R. A. Smith 1984. The Lithostratigraphy of the Karoo Supergroup in Botswana. Bulletin 26 of the Geological Survey Department. A report on the geophysical and geological results of follow-up drilling to the Aeromagnetic Survey of Botswana. vii + 239 pp. + 11 charts in folder. Botswana: The Geological Survey Department, Private Bag 14, Lobatse, Botswana. No price stated. No ISBN." Geological Magazine 123, no. 6 (November 1986): 710–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800024328.
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Schmidt, Michael. "Logan '92: an expedition to measure the height of canada’s tallest mountain." CISM journal 46, no. 3 (October 1992): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1992-0026.
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To mark the 150th anniversary of the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), as well as Canada’s 125th birthday and the 50th anniversary of the Alaska Highway, the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, in partnership with the Geological Survey of Canada, the Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector (both of the Department of Energy, Mines and Resources) and the Canadian Parks Service (Environment Canada) undertook an expedition to determine the exact elevation of Mount Logan. In addition to measuring the elevation of the mountain the expedition also collected rock samples and positioned brass survey markers on the mountain. Since the first recorded sighting of the mountain in 1890 a number of different values for the height of the mountain have been quoted. Most of these values centered around 5950 metres. However a value of 6050 metres was very widely used. The differences in elevation can in large measure be attributed to the difficulties associated with conducting surveys in the extreme remoteness of the Saint Elias Mountains combined with measuring techniques of varying accuracies. The Logan '92 Expedition was the first expedition to attempt to measure the height of Mt. Logan using the Global Positioning System (GPS).
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Schmidt, Michael. "Logan '92: an expedition to measure the height of canada’s tallest mountain." CISM journal 46, no. 3 (October 1992): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1992-0033.
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To mark the 150th anniversary of the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), as well as Canada’s 125th birthday and the 50th anniversary of the Alaska Highway, the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, in partnership with the Geological Survey of Canada, the Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector (both of the Department of Energy, Mines and Resources) and the Canadian Parks Service (Environment Canada) undertook an expedition to determine the exact elevation of Mount Logan. In addition to measuring the elevation of the mountain the expedition also collected rock samples and positioned brass survey markers on the mountain. Since the first recorded sighting of the mountain in 1890 a number of different values for the height of the mountain have been quoted. Most of these values centered around 5950 metres. However a value of 6050 metres was very widely used. The differences in elevation can in large measure be attributed to the difficulties associated with conducting surveys in the extreme remoteness of the Saint Elias Mountains combined with measuring techniques of varying accuracies. The Logan '92 Expedition was the first expedition to attempt to measure the height of Mt. Logan using the Global Positioning System (GPS).
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Koppelhus, Eva B. "Jurassic palynostratigraphy of Bornholm, Baltic Sea, Denmark." Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Serie C 12 (December 31, 1995): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/seriec.v12.7115.
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Samples of the Rønne Formation have been collected from exposures at Munkerup, Sose Bugt and Galgeløkke and n.vo boreholes, Galgeløkke-1 and -2, at Galgeløkke south of Rønne (Fig. 1). The Hasle Formation was sampled at the type section south of Hasle harbour, at Korsodde and from the Levka-1 and Hasle-1 boreholes. The Baga Formation, that consists of the previously defined Levka, Sorthat and Baga beds (Gry, 1969; Gravesen et al. 1982), was sampled from Mo sections within the Hasle Klinkerfabrik clay pit, from the coastal section at Korsodde, and from four cored boreholes the Levka-1, 106, 107 and 109 at the Hasle Klinkerfabrik clay pit (Nielsen & Koppelhus 1989, 1991; Koppelhus & Nielsen 1994). The samples were processed for their palynological content using the standard techniques developed at the Geological Survey of Denmark (Poulsen et al, 1990). They were examined by transmitted light microscopy. All of the slides are stored in the collections of the Department of Stratigraphy. at the Geological Survey of Denmark.
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Forster, A., P. R. N. Hobbs, R. J. Wyatt, and D. C. Entwisle. "Environmental geology maps of Bath and the surrounding area for engineers and planners." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.28.
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AbstractIn March 1984 the British Geological Survey commenced an environmental geological study of parts of west Wiltshire and south east Avon for the Department of the Environment. The objective of this study was to collect the available geological data relevant to the area, and to present them as a series of thematic maps accompanied by a descriptive report and a database/archive of the data used.The output is intended to be used by land-use planners. It is designed simultaneously to be understandable by people not trained in geology and yet to contain detailed information required by specialists concerned with the environment and its development. The 14 maps which were produced describe themes which include solid lithostratigraphy, drift deposits, the inferred distribution of Great Oolite Freestone, the inferred distribution of fuller’s earth, groundwater, ground conditions in relation to groundwater, geotechnical properties of bedrock and superficial deposits, landslipped and cambered strata, distribution of slope angle, and mining.Although the task was primarily a desk study, it was found necessary to carry out a small amount of field survey to re-interpret the foundered strata to the north-west of Bath. This re-survey has been presented in a style consistent with the mapping of the rest of the study area. A fifteenth map showing the result of the re-interpretation of the foundered strata was produced as a supplement to the main report.This paper describes the methods and the results of this study and comments on the implications of the technique for land-use planning.
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Joshi, Abhash, and Sumeer Koirala. "Preparation of High-Resolution DTM and Orthophoto Using LiDAR in Nepal." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 20, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v20i1.39481.
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The high-resolution terrain model has varied usages including development planning, engineering works, environmental management, disaster management, urban planning, irrigation, geological study, archeological study and cadastral application. Currently, this data is not available for Nepal and it has also hindered the socio and economic development of the country. Airborne Lidar is economically cost-effective and viable means for topography related data collection. Lidar which is an acronym for Light Detection and Ranging is an active remote sensing technology in which Laser beams are used for surveying and mapping. The Survey Department of Nepal has taken initiative to prepare the High-Resolution DTM and Orthophoto of about 20,000 square kilometres of Nepal using Lidar surveying and mapping. Survey Department is conducting a LiDAR survey in the western terai regions of Nepal from Chitwan to Kanchanpur district. Airborne LiDAR survey data along with a very high resolution (0.15 m) orthophoto shall be generated. Further, processing of LiDAR points data will generate a highly precise digital terrain model of 1 m grid data having an accuracy of 0.25 m and finally 0.5 m contour interval data. This endeavor is one of the milestones in the surveying and mapping sector of Nepal and it will have far-reaching consequence in the social and economic development of Nepal.
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Bakshaev, A. A. "Ural Geological Survey Organization by the Department of Mining and Salt Industries during the 2nd Quarter of the 19th Century." Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 18, no. 1(148) (2016): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2016.1.012.
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Glorioso, Brad M., Lindy J. Muse, Cory J. Hillard, Brittany R. Maldonado, Jared Streeter, Charles D. Battaglia, and J. Hardin Waddle. "A Trapping Survey Targeting Head-Started Alligator Snapping Turtles in Southwest Louisiana." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, no. 2 (August 20, 2020): 572–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-20-009.
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Abstract The alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys temminckii is the largest freshwater turtle in North America and humans seek it as a food source, primarily in Louisiana. Scientists point to decades of intensive commercial harvest of alligator snapping turtles as a cause of population declines. The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries initiated a head-start program for alligator snapping turtles and released 53 head-started juveniles at seven sites along an approximately 5.7-km stretch of Bundick Creek in southwest Louisiana between November 2015 and October 2016. Before release, department personnel measured, weighed, and marked all alligator snapping turtles with both an internal passive integrated transponder tag and a numbered external tag. In 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a turtle trapping survey at those seven release sites targeting the head-started alligator snapping turtles. In 1 wk of trapping effort at each site, we recorded 69 turtle captures comprising seven species, including 15 alligator snapping turtles (representing 12 individuals). Of those 12 individuals, 8 were head-started juveniles and 4 were native to the creek. A landowner captured an additional head-started juvenile alligator snapping turtle during our trapping and we took measurements before its release. A minimum of 17% of head-started alligator snapping turtles survived since release, and we trapped most captured head-started individuals near their release site; the captured individuals exhibited growth consistent with other studies, indicating acclimatization to their new environment. Three head-started alligator snapping turtles had their external tags entangled in the net mesh, and two of these turtles drowned. An additional two head-started individuals lost their external tags in the natural environment prior to their capture in this study. The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries discontinued the use of external tags based on our findings, as these tags were detrimental to the health of head-started turtles.
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Burke, Martin, and Dominique Van Gent. "South West Hub CCS Project: Lessons to be learned from the 2014 3D seismic survey." APPEA Journal 55, no. 2 (2015): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14108.
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The South West Hub (SWH) project is Australia's first carbon capture and storage (CCS) flagship project. Managed by the WA government's Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP), the SWH is assessing the geological properties of a proposed CO2storage site in the southwest of WA to determine its feasibility. This includes collating detailed geological information, partnering with researchers, acquiring baseline data, consulting with communities and stakeholders, and negotiating land access. Recent activities have included a 2D seismic survey in 2011, drilling of a stratigraphic well (Harvey–1) in 2012 and a comprehensive (115 km2) 3D seismic survey in 2014. A further drilling program is planned for the fourth quarter of 2014 until the first quarter of 2015. The 2014 3D seismic survey has been described as one of the most complex land-based seismic surveys conducted in Australia due to environmental factors, and competing land-use and land-access constraints. This extended abstract reviews the recent 3D seismic survey, including the development of the project's scope and procurement processes through to community engagement and implementation, and outlines how the lessons are being incorporated into the upcoming drilling program. It will also discuss legacy issues that have impacted on community attitudes and confidence, and the challenges of working with potentially hostile communities, and also demonstrate how the project adopted and adapted best practice engagement guidelines and toolkits for CCS projects to achieve successful outcomes.
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Dearman, W. R. "Land evaluation and site assessment: mapping for planning purposes." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.24.
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AbstractMaps and plans represent essential tools of the trade for planners and applied earth scientists alike, and thematic maps produced by geologists should be able to be understood by planners. Geology, geotechnics, geomorphology, hydrogeology and related sciences can provide essential data on some of the constraints to development and resources for development. Recognition of these permits safer, more cost- effective planning and development, and allows rational decisions to be taken as far as the exploitation of resources is concerned. Consequently the Department of Environment had been commissioning research to investigate the best means of collecting, collating, interpreting and presenting, in sets of maps and reports, geological results of direct applicability to land-use planning. For example, some years ago initial studies in thematic mapping were undertaken by the British Geological Survey and more recently a number of private consultants have carried out such work. Unfortunately, the results of some of these surveys have not, as yet, been published.
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Benedict, Stephen T., and Thomas P. Knight. "Use of Laboratory and Field Data to Evaluate the Pier Scour Equation from Hydraulic Engineering Circular 18." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2638, no. 1 (January 2017): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2638-13.
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The Hydraulic Engineering Circular 18 (HEC-18) pier scour prediction equation is the most widely used pier scour prediction equation in the United States, if not the world, and understanding the equation’s performance is of interest to the bridge engineering community. Previous evaluations of the equation’s performance were limited to smaller sets of laboratory and field data. In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation, published a U.S. Geological Survey pier scour database, consisting of 569 laboratory and 1,858 field measurements of pier scour. This extensive database is a valuable resource for evaluating the HEC-18 pier scour equation, which is the primary focus of the investigation presented in this paper. Although comparing predicted and measured values is a common method for evaluating the performance of a prediction equation, the present investigation used a different approach and evaluated the HEC-18 equation by comparing selected data from the USGS database with the dimensionless relationship used to develop the original equation. This alternative approach highlighted some of the strengths and weaknesses of the equation, which are not as evident in the more common approach of comparing predicted and measured values. The findings of the investigation are presented in this paper.
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Lass, Lawrence W., and Robert H. Callihan. "GPS and GIS for Weed Surveys and Management." Weed Technology 7, no. 1 (March 1993): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00037222.
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Global positioning systems (GPS) technology, developed by the Department of Defense, enable accurate documentation of Cartesian coordinates anywhere on the earth's surface. Surveying, mapping, positioning, and subsequent management of weed infestations can be expedited with this technology. Positions and boundaries of infestation may be located with 10-m or better accuracy while the GPS receiver is continuously moving, and with 2-m or better accuracy with brief stops for repeated sampling. GPS data agreed closely with U.S. Geological Survey data. Coordinates for a weed infestation may be relocated for treatment, evaluation or other purposes. Basic geographic information systems (GIS) map features from Digital Line Graph (DLG), Topologically Integrated Encoding and Reference Systems (TIGER) and other sources of information may be used to fully integrate delimiting survey results from GPS readings in order to develop weed management plans.
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ROSE, EDWARD P. F. "CANADIAN LINKS WITH BRITISH MILITARY GEOLOGY 1814 TO 1945." Earth Sciences History 40, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 130–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-40.1.130.
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ABSTRACT Military applications of geology became apparent within the United Kingdom during the nineteenth century, and were developed during the First World War and more extensively during the Second, incidentally by some officers with links to Canada. In the nineteenth century, three Royal Engineer major-generals with geological interests had served there briefly: Joseph Ellison Portlock (1794–1864) helped to stem invasion of Upper Canada by the United States Army in 1814, pioneer geological survey in Ireland from 1826, and promote knowledge of geology amongst British Army officers; Frederick Henry Baddeley (1794–1879) helped to pioneer geological studies in south-east Canada in the 1820s; Richard John Nelson (1803–1877) served in Canada after mapping the geology of Jersey in 1828 and making geological observations in Bermuda. During the First World War, Tannatt William Edgeworth David (1858–1934), a Welsh-born Australian and from 1916 to 1918 the senior of two geologists serving with the British Army on the Western Front, had a Canadian military family link through his mother; and Reginald Walter Brock (1874–1935), Dean of Applied Science at the University of British Columbia and a distinguished Canadian geologist, interrupted his career for infantry service in Europe but was used as a geologist from mid-1918, in Palestine. During the Second World War, the British military geologist Frederick William Shotton (1906–1990) provided geological advice to, amongst other units, Canadian forces who generated thematic maps for parts of northern France that predicted ‘going’ (conditions affecting cross-country vehicle mobility) to follow the D-Day Allied landings in Normandy. In 1943, Thomas Crawford Phemister (1902–1982), Professor and Head of the Department of Geology and Mineralogy at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland but from 1926 to 1932 an associate professor at the University of British Columbia, as an ‘emergency’ Royal Engineers captain founded the Geological Section of the Inter-Service Topographical Department, a unit whose reports and thematic maps provided terrain intelligence for Allied forces in both Europe and the Far East from a base in England, within the University of Oxford. John Leonard Farrington (1906–1982), an undergraduate student from 1923 to 1928 of Brock and/or Phemister at the University of British Columbia, co-founded the Section and soon succeeded Phemister as its head, from 1944 to 1945 in the rank of major. Soon after 1945, military geologists became established in continuity within the British Army.
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Hirata, R. C. A., C. R. A. Bastos, G. A. Rocha, D. C. Gomes, and M. A. Iritani. "Groundwater Pollution Risk and Vulnerability Map of the State of São Paulo, Brazil." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 11 (December 1, 1991): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0348.
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Aiming to provide a global diagnosis of the actual threat of pollution to the most important aquifers of the State of São Paulo, Brasil, due to its intensive industrialization and agriculture, three government institutions -the Instituto Geologico (Geological Institute), the CETESB (Environmental Sanitary Technology Company) and the DAEE (Water and Eleotrical Energy Department) - carried out a regional survey to define the aquifers' vulnerability to pollution and for recording and ranking the potential contaminant sources. This paper describes the results of this survey, excluding the metropolitan area of the city of São Paulo. More than 500 industries were recorded and ranked according to their low, moderate or high potential contaminant load for impacting groundwater. Thirty - one aquifer units were defined and a 1:500.000 scale vulnerability map was produced. Critical areas were defined and recommended as being priority sites for the adoption of control measures.
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Papadopoulos, T. D., N. Goulty, N. S. Voulgaris, J. D. Alexopoulos, I. Fountoulis, P. Kambouris, V. Karastathis, et al. "Tectonic structure of Central-Western Attica (Greece) based on geophysical in vestigations-Preliminary results." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 3 (June 5, 2018): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16873.
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In an effort to investigate the deep geological structure in the broader area of central-western Attica, that suffered severe damage during the destructive Athens earthquake of September 7th, 1999, the Department of Geophysics-Geothermics of the Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment of Athens University, in collaboration with the Geodynamic Institute of National Observatory of Athens and the Department of Geological Sciences of Durham University, carried out a combined geophysical survey. For the first time in Attica, seismic and gravity geophysical methods were applied along profiles, in such an extensive scale. Within the framework of this investigation the following tasL· were accomplished: a) Three (3) seismic lines of about 30 kilometres of total length, two (2) in the area of Thriassion plain and one (1) along the Parnitha-Krioneri-Drosia-Ekali-Dionysos axis (Attica plain) and b) 338 gravity measurements distributed along eight (8) gravity profiles, four (4) of which in Thriassion plain, three (3) in Petroupoli-Aharnes-Thrakomakedones region (Attica plain) and one (1) along Parnitha-Krioneri-Drosia-Ekali-Dionysos axis (Attica plain). Preliminary results of the geophysical investigation combined with existing geological and tectonic data are presented in this paper. Significant variation in the elevation of the alpine basement has been detected, expressed by manifestation of low and high subsurface areas which are well correlated with existing fault zones. In the area of Thriassion plain the thickness of post-alpine sediments is estimated of a few hundred meters (<500 meters) and huge thickness of several hundred meters (-800 meters) of post-alpine sediments were detected in Thrakemakedones and Krioneri areas. The relief of alpine basement is more intense in fault zones areas, such as Thriassion plain (WNW-ESE), Pathitha and Kifissos (NE-SW) as well as along the fault zone outline the Fili and Aharnes graben and is covered by postalpine formations
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Kutovoy, Sergey N., Anatoliy V. Kataev, Denis A. Vasenin, Ilya A. Batalov, and Denis I. Svintsov. "Surveying Tasks Solution Automation in the Framework of Mining and Geological Information System Creation at PJSC "Uralkali"." Недропользование 21, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2712-8008/2021.3.5.
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The results of work on the automation of the solution of engineering problems facing the specialists of mine surveying services of the mines of PJSC "Uralkali" are presented. The developed software modules are fully integrated into the corporate mining and geological information system of PJSC "Uralkali" and are grouped into specialized software systems - automated workstations. These complexes are installed at the workplaces of various mining specialists, from the heads of technical departments to employees of departments at mines. In total, 21 software systems were developed, of which three workstations were created for the specialists of the company's mine surveying service. For the mine surveying departments at the mines, an automated workstation "Local mine surveyor" was developed and put into commercial operation, for the department of capital surveying and geodetic works - an automated workstation "Capital mine surveying", for employees of the department of the chief mine surveyor of PJSC "Uralkali" - an automated workstation "Chief surveyor". The software modules that are part of the automated workstations of the specialists of the mine surveying service allow in an automated mode to solve a wide range of engineering problems, due to the requirements of the current regulatory documents. Among them, one can single out such tasks as: processing the results of instrumental survey of underground and surface objects and, on its basis, replenishment of mining and graphic documentation in digital form (2D and 3D); mining planning and design; preparation, editing and printing of standard technical documentation (payroll, tables, reports and graphics); solving issues of safe mining; analysis of the implementation of planned and design indicators of the mining enterprise, etc.
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Luther, Edward. "Educational Service of the Tennessee Division of Geology, 1831-Present." Earth Sciences History 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.4.1.d1x1x86234042354.
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The Tennessee Division of Geology has a close, long-term relationship with the educational establishment in Tennessee that has changed in nature over the years but remains strong. Gerard Troost, the first State Geologist, was a college professor, as was his successor, James M. Safford, and, more recently, L. C. Glenn. From 1909 to 1923 the affairs of the State Geological Survey were overseen by a Geological Commission that included, ex officio, the President of the University of Tennessee, the Chancellor of Vanderbilt University, and the Vice Chancellor of the University of the South; then, from 1923 to 1937, the Division of Geology was administratively part of the State Department of Education. Since becoming part of the Conservation Department in 1937 the Division has served an educational function by publishing both scholarly and popular works on the geology of the state; by answering inquiries on every subject from paleontology to water-witching; by advising news media on geology-related stories; by giving talks to school, museum, and other groups; and by close cooperation with university geology departments on research projects. The Division has had a strong role in graduate education, particularly at the Master's level, by conducting field excursions for students, financing theses through student mapping projects, by loans of field equipment, and serving as informal thesis advisors. Long-term assistance to geology departments has also included part-time employment of professors as consultants, publication of studies by professors and students, and part-time teaching by Division staff members. Most of these forms of educational assistance have suffered in recent years, due to budget cuts and loss of staff positions.
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Lukeneder, Alexander, Petra Lukeneder, and Mathias Harzhauser. "The St. Veit Klippen Unit in Vienna (Austria) – Jurassic to Cretaceous biostratigraphy and facies based on historical fossil collections." Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 113, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2020): 251–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17738/ajes.2020.0016.
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Abstract Historical fossil assemblages from the Lower Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous of the Sankt Veit Klippen Unit (SVK) on the western outskirts of Vienna were re-evaluated. Collections of the material from the St. Veit Klippen Unit comprise 3497 specimens. An appropriate nomenclature was used, and the taxonomy was partly revised. Historical collections from Franz Toula (1845–1920) and Friedrich Trauth (1883–1967) were investigated in the collections of the Natural History Museum Vienna, the Geological Survey Vienna, the Department of Geology and the Department of Palaeontology (both University Vienna). Additional collections were studied in the district museums Hietzing (13th district Vienna) and Liesing (23rd district Vienna), in the district municipal office of Hietzing and in the Wienerwald Museum (Eichgraben, Lower Austria). The study area is situated in the easternmost part of the St. Veit Klippen Unit in the Wienerwald (Vienna Woods), part of the 13th Viennese district Hietzing. New data allowed a revision of the biostratigraphy of several lithological units of the SVK. Two main fossil complexes could be distinguished: 1) the Hohenauer Wiese assemblage from the wildlife park Lainz (= “Lainzer Tiergarten”) and 2) the Glasauer quarry assemblage from St. Veit.
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Starsman, Jessica, Ashley Adamczak, and Tom DeRuyter. "Alaskan North Slope Legacy Wells: Case Study." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014.1.697.
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ABSTRACT Various State of Alaska agencies, including the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC), are currently investigating 136 legacy wells within the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A) and surrounding lands. These legacy wells were drilled between 1944 and 1981 by federal agencies, including the United States Navy and United States Geological Survey, to explore oil reserve potential and to develop drilling techniques for Alaska's arctic. In 2004, 2010 and 2013 the Bureau of Land Management released preliminary studies describing potential environmental risks at each site. Many wells include historic reserve pits, flare pits, crude and diesel oil releases, and discarded solid waste. Tundra damage and potential residual contamination are of great concern. Due to their remote locations, information on the current status of waste is limited. Regulatory agencies are developing a cleanup plan that is appropriate for their remote, Arctic environment.
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Efavi, Johnson Kwame, Abu Yaya, Solomon Adeborna, and Julius Fobil. "Development and Comparative Analysis of Aluminosilicate Based Ceramic Filters for Ground Water Defluoridation." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.822.
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Low levels of fluoride in drinking water is healthy for the teeth enamel, however, higher concentrations result in dental fluorosis with prolonged exposures leading to skeletal fluorosis. Fluoride removal capacities of ceramic filters using aluminosilicates (Anfoega clay, Kibi kaolin, Laterite soil and Termitaria earth) samples from Ghana Geological Survey Department have been investigated and analysed for possible application in the Bongo District of Ghana noted forhavinghigh fluoride concentration in its ground water. Batch sorption studies conducted revealed that the amount of fluoride ions removed increased proportionally with increasing filter thickness, temperature and contact time to an optimum value. Using particle size ranges of <355μm and 1cm filter thickness at room temperature, the percentage of fluoride removed by the samples reached an optimum value after 70mins. Increases in filter thickness, contact time or temperatureincreased the amount of fluoride ions removedand the time required to reach the optimum value reduced significantly.
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PEREIRA, JOÃO EDUARDO DA SILVA, JOSÉ LUIZ SILVÉRIO DA SILVA, ADELIR JOSÉ STRIEDER, and CARLOS ALBERTO DA FONSECA PIRES. "Análise Estatística da Concentração de Potássio Obtida por Aerolevantamentos Geofísicos em Diferentes Formações Geológicas na Região de Santa Maria (RS)." Pesquisas em Geociências 34, no. 2 (December 31, 2007): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.19477.
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The present work was developed in outcrops of Santa Maria region, southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul State. Statistic evaluations were applied in different rock types. The possibility to distinguish different geologic units, sedimentary and volcanic (acid and basic types) by means of the statistic analyses from the use of airborne gamma-ray spectrometry integrating potash radiation emissions data with geological and geochemistry data is discussed. This Project was carried out at 1973 by Geological Survey of Brazil/Companhia de Pesquisas de Recursos Minerais. The Camaquã Project evaluated the behavior of potash concentrations generating XYZ Geosof 1997 format, one grid, thematic map and digital thematic map files from this total area. Using these data base, the integration of statistics analyses in sedimentary formations which belong to the Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul and/or to volcanic rocks from Planalto da Serra Geral at the border of Paraná Basin was tested. Univariate statistics model was used: the media, the standard media error, and the trust limits were estimated. The Tukey’s Test was used in order to compare mean values. The results allowed to create criteria to distinguish geological formations based on their potash content. The back-calibration technique was employed to transform K radiation to percentage. Inside this context it was possible to define characteristic values from radioactive potash emissions and their trust ranges in relation to geologic formations. The potash variable when evaluated in relation to geographic Universal Transverse Mercator coordinates system showed a spatial relation following one polynomial model of second order, with one determination coefficient. The statística 7.1 software Generalist Linear Models produced by Statistics Department of Federal University of Santa Maria/Brazil was used.
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Harvey, Antoinette L., Ian J. Andrews, and Alison A. Monaghan. "Shale prospectivity onshore Britain." Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference series 8, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/pgc8.15.
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AbstractThe UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) commissioned the British Geological Survey (BGS) to summarize the available geological knowledge, integrate new seismic mapping and well analysis, and make preliminary in-place resource assessments for the three most prospective areas onshore Britain to foster a greater understanding of the unconventional shale resource potential in advance of the 14th Landward Licensing Round.The first study, published in June 2013, reviewed the Carboniferous Bowland–Hodder shales across central Britain where a large volume of in-place gas was assessed to be present. The second study, of the Jurassic shale of the Weald Basin in southern England, published in May 2014, concluded that owing to insufficient burial there was no significant Jurassic shale gas potential, but there could still be shale oil resources at several levels in the centre of the basin. The third study, published in June 2014, covered the Midland Valley of Scotland where both oil and gas potential in Carboniferous shales was identified.A large volume of in-place gas and oil resource has been assessed to be present. However, not enough is known at the time of writing to estimate a recovery factor or to estimate potential producible reserves. This paper summarizes the results of the BGS reports and their impact on the subsequent licensing process in England.
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Ambrose, K., B. Cannell, and B. S. P. Moorlock. "The mapping and assessment of aggregate resources in the south Midlands and Welsh Borderland." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.42.
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AbstractIt is becoming increasingly important to delimit resources of aggregates, especially near densely populated industrial areas, where the demand is greatest. Knowledge of these resources is needed by both planners and the aggregates industry. The British Geological Survey (BGS) has recently carried out detailed surveys in the south Midlands and Welsh Borderland, under contracts from the Department of the Environment. The areas are covered by the Warwick, Redditch, Tewkesbury, Worcester and Hereford 1:50 000 geological maps, most of which had not previously been geologically surveyed in detail. The most important element in the surveys, therefore, was the 1:10 000 geological mapping, involving studies of the superficial deposits and solid rocks. There are extensive spreads of sand and gravel in all these districts, deposited by glacial, fluvioglacial, periglacial or fluvial activity.In addition to the mapping, boreholes were drilled in some areas to supplement the data already available. The Industrial Minerals Assessment Unit (IMAU) of the BGS also carried out a shallow drilling programme as part of a resource assessment in the Redditch-Rugby area.Between Redditch and Solihull, various drilling, geophysical and remote-sensing techniques were used by IMAU to evaluate their use in assessing sand and gravel resources. The most effective method proved to be shallow resistivity measurements, using an Offset Wenner system, backed up by cable percussion drilling. The same resistivity technique proved to be especially useful, in the Worcester, Hereford and Henley-in-Arden areas, for locating sand and gravel beneath alluvial silts.Gravel deposits near Worcester were investigated using an EM31 conductivity meter. The local geology, comprising river terrace gravels overlying mudstone bedrock, is ideally suited to this method. Thickness variation in the gravel deposits could be obtained quickly by grid traverses, covering the area at a rate of about 1 square kilometre per day.
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Samorodov, О. "Formation and development of schools of thought in geotechnical engineering in Kharkiv national university of civil engineering and architecture: the history, personalities, and present." New Collegium 4, no. 102 (December 25, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/nc.2020.4.36.
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The paper covers historical material on the formation and development of schools of thought in geotechnical engineering in Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (formerly known as Kharkiv Civil Engineering Institute), which came into being in 1934 with the establishment of the Department of Bases and Foundations. Particular emphasis is laid upon some personalities of the department; they are outstanding scientists and professors, such as F.O. Belyakov, S.Z. Saidakovsky, I.Ya. Luchkovsky, G.G. Strizhelchyk and others, who made a significant contribution to the formation of schools of thought in geotechnical engineering at the university. A particular contribution of the created research laboratory and the developed equipment for field methods of research into physical and mechanical properties of soils of bases for the foundations of building structures is singled out in the development of scholarly knowledge. The achievements of the renamed Department of Geotechnics, Underground and Hydrotechnical Structures are listed as of today, such as renovation of the educational and research laboratory of “Geotechnical Survey”, which has a governmental certification and allows scientists and students to perform high-quality laboratory work and conduct a full range of engineering and geological and hydrogeological surveys for construction; creation of a new research and technical subdivision of the department known as “Center for monitoring buildings and structures”, which conducts an instrument monitoring of the stress-strain state of the bases and foundations of construction projects using advanced equipment and software packages; availability of an IT classroom and licensed software, including SOFISTIK, a powerful German design software package, which allows researchers to provide high-level research and technical support for designing construction projects. The paper also clearly shows the advantages of training scientific staff and civil engineers in specialties 192 “Construction and Civil Engineering” and 194 “Hydrotechnical Engineering, Water Engineering and Water Technology" and, as a result, a considerable demand for KhNUCEA graduates from employers.
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Lindsey, Nicole P., Jennifer A. Brown, Lon Kightlinger, Lauren Rosenberg, and Marc Fischer. "State Health Department Perceived Utility of and Satisfaction with ArboNET, the U.S. National Arboviral Surveillance System." Public Health Reports 127, no. 4 (July 2012): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335491212700406.
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Objectives. We assessed the perceived utility of data collected through ArboNET, the national arboviral surveillance system, and evaluated state health department user satisfaction with system function. Methods. We used an online assessment tool to collect information about types of arboviral surveillance conducted, user satisfaction with ArboNET's performance, and use of data collected by the system. Representatives of all 53 reporting jurisdictions were asked to complete the assessment during spring 2009. Results. Representatives of 48 (91%) jurisdictions completed the assessment. Two-thirds of respondents were satisfied with ArboNET's overall performance. Most concerns were related to data transmission, particularly the lack of compatibility with the National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS). Users found mosquito (85%), human disease (80%), viremic blood donor (79%), and veterinary disease (75%) surveillance data to be useful. While there was disagreement about the usefulness of avian mortality and sentinel animal surveillance, only 15% of users supported eliminating these categories. Respondents found weekly maps and tables posted on the U.S. Geological Survey (92%) and CDC (88%) websites to be the most useful reports generated from ArboNET data. Although many jurisdictions were willing to report additional clinical or laboratory data, time and resource constraints were considerations. Most respondents (71%) supported review and possible revision of the national case definition for human arboviral disease. Conclusions. As a result of this assessment, CDC and partner organizations have made ArboNET NEDSS-compatible and revised national case definitions for arboviral disease. Alternative data-sharing and reporting options are also being considered. Continued evaluation of ArboNET will help ensure that it continues to be a useful tool for national arboviral disease surveillance.
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Harp, Derald A., and Edward L. McWilliams. "Remote Sensing Imagery on the Web and Its Potential for Use in Horticulture Classes." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 589a—589. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.589a.
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As the World Wide Web (WWW) expands, information is rapidly becoming more accessible. Using satellite data previously required high-end computers running complex imaging software, sophisticated downloading equipment, and high monetary support. Satellite data is now available on the internet for little or no cost and can be handled on standard desktop computers using common software programs. The purpose of our project was to determine the availability and cost of different types of data and how this data may benefit horticultural instruction. Satellite data currently is archived at NASA, NOAA, the Department of Defense, the US Geological Survey, and various meteorological departments throughout the world. Satellite data such as large-scale thermal imagery can be used to determine microclimate effects within urban areas, including the cooling effects of urban plants. Natural Density Vegetation Index (NDVI) imagery can indicate changes in vegetational cover or give general indications of plant health in large areas. NASA photographic imagery can show the effects of erosion on a large scale. Higher resolution imagery can give indications of plant stresses in large plantings such as orchards or vegetable plots.
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Li, Yong. "The Study on the Calculation Method of Bin Actual Coverage Based on the GPU Acceleration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 631–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.631.
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Along with the seismic exploration extends to the mountain, the geological surface conditions of construction work area will become more and more complex, the construction will become very difficult. All of this requires the supervision department to detect construction observing system reasonable and the quality of construction at any time, in particular, the number of actual coverage can not be less than two-thirds of the design. For single survey line we can easily calculate the number of bin covering, but it related to the case of superimposed cover of different measuring line with the increase in the measuring line. On each bin element we have to traverse all of other measuring line in the work area database to determine whether there is overlap, so this operation is very time consuming. In this paper, we improved the search algorithm, at the same time the GPU parallel processing is introduced into the calculation. Because of the increased computational parallel, the time to generate the entire work area cover time’s image is shortened significantly.
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Pettifer, G., A. Tabassi, and B. Simons. "A NEW LOOK AT THE STRUCTURAL TRENDS IN THE ONSHORE OTWAY BASIN, VICTORIA, USING IMAGE PROCESSING OF GEOPHYSICAL DATA." APPEA Journal 31, no. 1 (1991): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj90016.
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Although the Otway Basin is oriented west-north-westerly, and previously recognised major structural elements follow a similar trend, other structural trends have been found on recently obtained geophysical data.In 1989, an aeromagnetic and radiometric survey of the onshore Otway Basin was completed for the Victorian Department of Industry and the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics. This survey, together with a recent gravity compilation by the Geological Survey of Victoria, enables analysis of magnetic and gravity data trends reflecting basement and intra-basin structure.The trend analysis was carried out using modern image processing techniques including simulation of real-time sun-angles of the magnetic and gravity data, and composite images of the radiometric data, to highlight lineaments. This technology enables integration of magnetic, gravity, radiometric and, potentially, seismic, Landsat, topography and bathymetry data for basin structure analysis.The magnetic, gravity and radiometric trend analysis was compared to an earlier Landsat study (Baker, 1980) and a previous seismic data compilation of the Otway Basin (Megallaa, 1986).The present study has revealed the significance of major early Palaeozoic north-south and east-north-east to easterly trends. The latter trends have not previously been identified or discussed in earlier basin reviews. There appears to be a difference between trends reflected in the radiometric and seismic data and trends apparent in the gravity and magnetic data. This could indicate a change in principal stress directions during the evolution of the basin. The shape of the northern margin of the basin appears to be controlled by major north-easterly structures.
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Wood, Claire M., Robert G. H. Bunce, Lisa R. Norton, Simon M. Smart, and Colin J. Barr. "Land cover and vegetation data from an ecological survey of "key habitat" landscapes in England, 1992–1993." Earth System Science Data 10, no. 2 (May 18, 2018): 899–918. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-899-2018.
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Abstract. Since 1978, a series of national surveys (Countryside Survey, CS) have been carried out by the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) (formerly the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, ITE) to gather data on the natural environment in Great Britain (GB). As the sampling framework for these surveys is not optimised to yield data on rarer or more localised habitats, a survey was commissioned by the then Department of the Environment (DOE, now the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA) in the 1990s to carry out additional survey work in English landscapes which contained semi-natural habitats that were perceived to be under threat, or which represented areas of concern to the ministry. The landscapes were lowland heath, chalk and limestone (calcareous) grasslands, coasts and uplands. The information recorded allowed an assessment of the extent and quality of a range of habitats defined during the project, which can now be translated into standard UK broad and priority habitat classes. The survey, known as the "Key Habitat Survey", followed a design which was a series of gridded, stratified, randomly selected 1 km squares taken as representative of each of the four landscape types in England, determined from statistical land classification and geological data ("spatial masks"). The definitions of the landscapes are given in the descriptions of the spatial masks, along with definitions of the surveyed habitats. A total of 213 of the 1 km2 square sample sites were surveyed in the summers of 1992 and 1993, with information being collected on vegetation species, land cover, landscape features and land use, applying standardised repeatable methods. The database contributes additional information and value to the long-term monitoring data gathered by the Countryside Survey and provides a valuable baseline against which future ecological changes may be compared, offering the potential for a repeat survey. The data were analysed and described in a series of contract reports and are summarised in the present paper, showing for example that valuable habitats were restricted in all landscapes, with the majority located within protected areas of countryside according to different UK designations. The dataset provides major potential for analyses, beyond those already published, for example in relation to climate change, agri-environment policies and land management. Precise locations of the plots are restricted, largely for reasons of landowner confidentiality. However, the representative nature of the dataset makes it highly valuable for evaluating the status of ecological elements within the associated landscapes surveyed. Both land cover data and vegetation plot data were collected during the surveys in 1992 and 1993 and are available via the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.5285/7aefe6aa-0760-4b6d-9473-fad8b960abd4. The spatial masks are also available from https://doi.org/10.5285/dc583be3-3649-4df6-b67e-b0f40b4ec895.
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Bloetscher, Frederick, and Thomas Romah. "Tools for assessing sea level rise vulnerability." Journal of Water and Climate Change 6, no. 2 (August 28, 2014): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2014.045.
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Increasing sea level has the potential to place important infrastructure we rely on every day at risk, yet we lack good data to make decisions on what to do, when, and with what priority. The objectives of the research were to develop a method for estimating the time scales for various increments of sea level rise (SLR) throughout the 21st century, develop an accurate methodology for predicting impacts of SLR at the local level, and develop recommendations as to how existing data sources can be utilized to identify infrastructure vulnerable to SLR. The methodology was applied to southeast Florida using data from the Florida Department of Transportation, the United States Geological Survey, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other sources, integrated with low resolution light detection and ranging data, topographic data, and aerial photographic maps to identify potentially vulnerable infrastructure. Overlaying high resolution light detection and ranging data onto a base map enabled creation of mapping tools to evaluate potentially vulnerable infrastructure. Using these recommendations, a protocol was developed to use groundwater adjusted models in southeast Florida which indicated potential underestimation of the risk of damage to public infrastructure and private and public buildings.
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PALASRI, CHITTI, and ANAT RUANGRASSAMEE. "PROBABILISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD MAPS OF THAILAND." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 04, no. 04 (December 2010): 369–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179343111000087x.
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In this study, the probabilistic seismic hazard map of Thailand and neighboring areas is developed. Thailand is located close to the Andaman thrust in the west and the Sunda arc in the south which are the boundaries between the Eurasian plate and Indo-Australian plate. Several active faults in this region have caused earthquakes which affects Thailand. Earthquakes recorded from 1912 to 2006 by the Thai Meteorological Department and the US Geological Survey are used in the analysis. Two attenuation models for active tectonic regions which give good correlations with actual measured accelerations are used in predicting peak horizontal accelerations in Thailand. Maps of peak horizontal accelerations at rock sites with 2% and 10% probabilities of exceedance in 50 years are developed. For the peak horizontal acceleration with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years, the maximum accelerations are about 0.25 g in the northern part of Thailand and 0.02 g in Bangkok. For the peak horizontal acceleration with 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years, the maximum accelerations are about 0.4 g in the northern part of Thailand and 0.04 g in Bangkok.
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Burgess, M. M., and D. G. Harry. "Norman Wells pipeline permafrost and terrain monitoring: geothermal and geomorphic observations, 1984–1987." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-027.
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A long-term permafrost and terrain research and monitoring program along the 869 km buried oil pipeline between Norman Wells, Northwest Territories, and Zama, Alberta, has been undertaken by the Geological Survey of Canada, in cooperation with the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. The two main program components are (1) the detailed quantification of changes in the geothermal regime and geomorphic conditions at instrumented monitoring sites and (2) general observations of terrain conditions and performance along the pipeline route. Pipeline operation commenced in April 1985. Observations during the first 2.5 years of pipeline operation indicate that, as expected, the pipe thermal regime and ground thermal regime have not yet stabilized in response to construction and operation. Warming trends in both mean annual pipe temperature and mean annual right-of-way ground temperature have occurred. Surface settlement in permafrost terrain is ongoing in the pipe trench as well as on the remainder of the right-of-way. Surface erosion has occurred, particularly at stream crossings and on low-angle slopes lacking erosion control structures. Key words: pipeline, permafrost, thermal regime, thaw settlement, surface erosion, instrumentation, Norman Wells, Mackenzie Valley, Canada.
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Campbell, Kym Rouse, Steven M. Bartell, Cynthia M. Krohn, and Joanna Burger. "A comparison of landscape structure inside and outside the gates: analysis of the regional landscapes of four US Department of Energy facilities using US Geological Survey quadrangle maps and FRAGSTATS." International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management 3, no. 3/4 (2003): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetm.2003.004072.
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Lee, C. S., M. C. Galloway, J. B. Willcox, A. M. G. Moore, A. R. Fraser, D. T. Heggie, A. P. Murray;, et al. "PETROLEUM POTENTIAL OF RAGAY GULF, SOUTHEAST LUZON, PHILIPPINES." APPEA Journal 34, no. 1 (1994): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj93052.
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During March-May 1992, the Australian Geological Survey Organisation and the Philippine Department of Energy conducted a cooperative marine seismic and underway geochemical survey in four offshore Philippine basins which included Ragay Gulf. The project was funded and supported by the Australian International Development Assistance Bureau.The newly acquired and reprocessed seismic data from Ragay Gulf show a significant improvement in penetration and stratigraphic resolution. Seismic interpretation has revealed the existence of five sedimentary sub-basins with 2.5 – 6 seconds of Eocene to Recent sediments. Several potential traps have been evaluated for hydrocarbon reserves and new prospects are identified.No well has been drilled offshore in the Ragay Gulf. Onshore well log information and stratigraphy have assisted in the correlation and interpretation of offshore seismic data and allowed potential reservoirs to be recognised. The primary reservoir targets are the carbonate sequences of both Early and Late Miocene age. The widespread volcanoclastic sand may be an important secondary target, especially for gas reservoirs.Onshore and offshore geochemical data have confirmed the presence of mature source rocks from which generated hydrocarbons are currently migrating to the surface and, by inference, to reservoirs.A wide diversity of play types is recognised which could have been sourced from three separate source kitchens in the Bondoc, Ragay and Burlas Sub-basins. Specific entrapment possibilities are:Compressional fault-dependent traps (e.g. Anima Sola).Compressional anticlinal fault independent traps (e.g. Alibijaban and Palad).Late Miocene carbonate reefal buildups (e.g. Apud and Gorda).Early Miocene carbonate reservoirs in drape over highs (e.g. San Narciso and Bagulaya).
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Taulman, James F., and Kimberly G. Smith. "Habitat mapping for bird conservation in North America." Bird Conservation International 12, no. 4 (December 2002): 281–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270902002186.
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In view of the continuing appropriation and conversion of natural land areas in North America for human uses, there is growing concern about the impacts of changing land use on terrestrial bird species. In order to promote conservation of critical remaining habitats for birds, Partners in Flight (PIF) initiated a project in 1997 in which bird conservation plans were prepared by members in each of 60 ecologically defined physiographical areas throughout the United States. Accurate, nationwide information on the location and extent of vegetative cover types, as well as lands under state and federal management, are critically important elements in the creation of effective bird conservation plans. The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) awarded a challenge grant to The Nature Conservancy's (TNC) Wings of the Americas Program to assist Partners in Flight in acquiring land cover data to serve as the foundation of the planning effort. Canon U.S.A., Inc. and the American Bird Conservancy also contributed support toward this goal. The Center for Advanced Spatial Technology at the University of Arkansas was contracted to produce the needed land cover maps and associated tabular products. Digital land cover databases created by the U.S. Forest Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, the University of California-Santa Barbara Department of Geography, and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics were used in this project. The final spatial products were produced during 1998–1999 and are described in this paper. This effort represents the first nationwide habitat mapping project in the United States aimed at supporting and enhancing conservation of terrestrial bird species.
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Rushforth, Richard R., and Benjamin L. Ruddell. "A spatially detailed blue water footprint of the United States economy." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 5 (May 22, 2018): 3007–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3007-2018.
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Abstract. This paper quantifies and maps a spatially detailed and economically complete blue water footprint for the United States, utilizing the National Water Economy Database version 1.1 (NWED). NWED utilizes multiple mesoscale (county-level) federal data resources from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), the US Department of Transportation (USDOT), the US Department of Energy (USDOE), and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to quantify water use, economic trade, and commodity flows to construct this water footprint. Results corroborate previous studies in both the magnitude of the US water footprint (F) and in the observed pattern of virtual water flows. Four virtual water accounting scenarios were developed with minimum (Min), median (Med), and maximum (Max) consumptive use scenarios and a withdrawal-based scenario. The median water footprint (FCUMed) of the US is 181 966 Mm3 (FWithdrawal: 400 844 Mm3; FCUMax: 222 144 Mm3; FCUMin: 61 117 Mm3) and the median per capita water footprint (FCUMed′) of the US is 589 m3 per capita (FWithdrawal′: 1298 m3 per capita; FCUMax′: 720 m3 per capita; FCUMin′: 198 m3 per capita). The US hydroeconomic network is centered on cities. Approximately 58 % of US water consumption is for direct and indirect use by cities. Further, the water footprint of agriculture and livestock is 93 % of the total US blue water footprint, and is dominated by irrigated agriculture in the western US. The water footprint of the industrial, domestic, and power economic sectors is centered on population centers, while the water footprint of the mining sector is highly dependent on the location of mineral resources. Owing to uncertainty in consumptive use coefficients alone, the mesoscale blue water footprint uncertainty ranges from 63 to over 99 % depending on location. Harmonized region-specific, economic-sector-specific consumption coefficients are necessary to reduce water footprint uncertainties and to better understand the human economy's water use impact on the hydrosphere.
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Bladh, Kenneth. "Minerals of Ohio, 2nd edition, by Ernest H. Carlson. Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 69, Columbus, OH; www.geosurvey.ohiodnr.gov. 290 pages; 2015; $30 (plus shipping and handling) (hardbound)." Rocks & Minerals 90, no. 6 (October 13, 2015): 592–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2015.1080546.
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Famiyeh, Samuel. "Socially responsible mining using project stakeholder identification and management." Journal of Global Responsibility 8, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-10-2016-0026.
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Purpose The aim of this paper is to conduct an initial exploratory investigation to systematically identify and classify the stakeholders associated with the mining sector in West Africa into key and non-key stakeholders through the use of the comprehensive project stakeholder management tools and processes. The results can be used as an initial identification and classification of stakeholders associated with a typical mining project and can also be used as a basis for confirmation analysis to develop further knowledge and an improved understanding of the management of multiple stakeholders in mining sector projects. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory work used mine managers from West Africa, asking them to identify stakeholders that are of importance to a typical open pit mining project and also to make some objective assessments of their attitudes and influence of the stakeholders identified. From this, a stakeholder power/interest grid was developed to classify stakeholders into key and non-key stakeholders. Findings The findings present an initial exploratory result indicating that the key stakeholders for a mining project are the Environmental Protection Agency, Minerals Commission, Geological Survey Department, Member of Parliament, the Ministry in charge of mining, Forestry Commission, farmers, Lands Commission, non-governmental organizations, Department of Feeder Roads, traditional chiefs, district or municipal assembly and youth associations within the concession area. Research limitations/implications The research was limited to only respondents working in the mining sector in three West African countries. Practical implications Practically, this study highlights for mining companies and operators, some preliminary understanding of stakeholders that are critical for engagements to be successful in their operations. Social implications This study, essentially, reveals the importance of the various stakeholder groups interested in a mining project and the level of influence. Originality/value This study contributes to the debate on project stakeholder management in the mining sector, especially from a developing country’s point of view.
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Eakins, Barry W., Margot L. Bohan, Andrew A. Armstrong, Meredith Westington, Jennifer Jencks, Elliot Lim, Susan J. McLean, and Robin R. Warnken. "NOAA's Role in Defining the U.S. Extended Continental Shelf." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.2.17.
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AbstractThe legal continental shelf is a maritime zone that typically goes out to 200 nautical miles from shore. It may, however, be extended beyond 200 nautical miles, based in part on the morphology of the continental margin. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea sets forth the requirements for how coastal countries can legally define such an extended continental shelf (ECS), within which they may manage the natural resources on and below the seabed. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), along with the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Department of State, is working to map, analyze, and define the seaward extent of the U.S. ECS. New advances in maritime technologies, such as improved multibeam echosounders, and associated visualization and analysis software aid in this effort by enabling project scientists to better understand seafloor geomorphology and interpret local and regional geologic processes. Marine geophysical data collected during this project are publicly available, benefiting the broader scientific community and public through timely data access and long-term preservation. To date, NOAA has led more than 30 high-resolution surveys and mapped more than 2 million square kilometers of sea floor in support of the U.S. ECS effort. New discoveries have been made during these surveys, and the data have contributed to better understanding of the morphology and geology of the U.S. continental margins.
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LIU, GUIZHEN, BOFENG CAI, QI LI, GREGORY LEAMON, LIBIN CAO, and YING ZHOU. "PERCEPTIONS AND ACCEPTANCE OF CCUS ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT, BY EXPERTS AND GOVERNMENT OFFICERS, IN CHINA." International Journal of Big Data Mining for Global Warming 01, no. 02 (December 2019): 1950010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2630534819500104.
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In May 2017, Department of Science, Technology and Standards, MEP, China held the first training conference of “2017 CCUS environmental risk assessment technology”. After the conference, specially designed questionnaires were sent to the participants so as to collect the professional opinions to improve the guideline in the next revision. Basic information of participants, knowledge of capture, utilization and geological storage (CCUS), and attitude to the CCUS environmental risk are contained in the questionnaires. The 82 questionnaires were issued to the participants, and 77 valid questionnaires were collected with the response rate of 93.9%. According to the data mining, (a) nearly one third of the participants had not heard of the CCUS before the training; (b) the attitude to CCUS environmental impact and risk is influenced by the knowledge of CCUS; (c) the severities of the three aspects of capture component are medium; (d) for onshore CCUS projects, underground water, atmosphere, soil, and human health were considered the highest sensitivity receptors; (e) the enterprises were very concerned of the CCUS environmental management policies, three most important policies were conducting environmental monitoring across the whole chain, clarifying the environmental management responsibilities, and establishing emergency plans for environmental accidents. The result of this survey would provide the guidance for the improvement of the technical guideline which planned to be released during the official version in 2020.