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1
Motlhasedi, Nna. "Records management for open government at Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development Botswana." Journal of the South African Society of Archivists 55 (November 8, 2022): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsasa.v55i.12.
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The purpose of this paper is to help records and information management professionals of organisations for both the public and private sector to understand the role good records keeping brings to the attainment of open government. This paper complements open government through the application of a records management perspective to an analysis of the records management practices. Conversely, the study adopted a mixed methods approach to collect data from the Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (MLGRD) that consisted of purposively sampled respondents. The target population consisted of 54 respondents. Forty-five questionnaires were distributed, with 33 successfully completed and returned to the researcher. Similarly, nine Heads of Departments (HoDs) were scheduled for interviews and only five interviews successfully continued as planned, and the study included appropriate documents for analysis. The study’s findings showed that there is a lack of good records management overall at the MLGRD, which emanated from unskilled records management staff. Similarly, the study identified MLGRD staff manning the records management division to being incapable of managing digital records. Furthermore, the findings revealed that there is no proper infrastructure to manage digital records and that there is no records management policy to be used to guide on good records keeping practices. Based on the findings, the study, among others, it is recommended that the records management staff of the MLGRD should be upskilled to have records management competencies, especially in digital records keeping, and that the MLGRD should acquire ICT infrastructure to support good digital records keeping practices.
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Mwamsamali, O. K. K., and A. W. Mayo. "Gender mainstreaming in integrated rural water supply and sanitation project in Mzimba, Malawi." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 4, no. 2 (2014): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.111.
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Gender mainstreaming in the water sector in Malawi was analyzed using the Mzimba Integrated Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (IRWSS) project as a case in point. Information required for the study was obtained through interviews, administering a set of questionnaires and data collecting from existing documents. The results show that women in decision-making positions at head office of the Ministry responsible for water affairs only constitute about 11.1%. Assessment of the budget allocations has revealed that previously no budgetary allocations were made for gender issues, and that since the 2006/07 fiscal year about US$14,286 was allocated for gender mainstreaming. Women's involvement in local governance institutions and project activities in Mzimba is generally high. Most local water committees have 60% women and 40% men, whereas participation in project activities is highly rated at 97.2%. To improve gender balance, the Ministry responsible for water has to work with stakeholders in the education sector. Besides, great disparities still exist between men's and women's participation in water projects at a local level (97.2% for women) and a person's socioeconomic position greatly affects their inclusion in the local governance structures. Addressing these issues would, therefore, result in better gender integration in the water sector.
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Liliana Dewi and Adli Rizky Muharam. "DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY NORTH TORAJA'S HIDDEN GEM IN LEMBANG NONONGAN." International Journal of Social Science 2, no. 1 (2022): 1081–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v2i1.2303.
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Indonesia's Government, through Tourism Ministry, tried hard to recover Indonesia's tourism in the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the strategies is to develop rural tourism in Indonesia. As part of Toraja, South Sulawesi province, Lembang Nonongan village is an embryo of rural tourism categories that can create. This research aims to know Lembang Nonongan village potencies to develop as a tourism destination, how local government and local communities develop Lembang Nonongan village tourism and the obstacles. Qualitative method is this research approach with literature study, documentation and interview to Local Government, Lembang Nonongan village tourism Leader, Leader of Sadar Wisata Lembang Nonongan, and Leader of Lembang Nonongan's public figure and SWOT analysis. The result Lembang Nonongan has natural and cultural potency to develop, the local Government and communities cooperate to enhance, and the obstacles needed to train and educate about tourism, marketing management, and tourism package.
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Malanga, Donald Flywell, and Benard CG Kamanga. "E-records readiness at Karonga District Council in Malawi." Information Development 35, no. 3 (2018): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666918766971.
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This study assessed e-records readiness at Karonga District Council (KDC) as one of the local government authorities in Malawi. The study employed a descriptive survey design where a survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Altogether, 56 staff were sampled randomly and purposively. The staff comprised principal officers, records clerks, ICT personnel and other action officers. The study revealed that e-records readiness at KDC was low and evolving as evident by the presence of e-record products and technologies, which were largely inadequate and obsolete. The study also established that there was inadequate and poor adherence to policies, standards and procedures for e-records management practices. Furthermore, responsibilities for e-records management were not clear. There was no established records management programme. Therefore, the study recommends the development of e-records management policy; recruitment of more staff; regular training in e-records products and other emerging technologies; mobilization of more resources required for management of records; and increasing awareness of the role of records management. This should be supported by the top management at the District Council and the Ministry of Local Government at large.
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Golgota, Alma, and Diana Bardhi. "The Policy for Maintenance of National and Rural Roads Network in Albania." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (2016): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v1i2.p18-32.
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This paper examines the effects of Territorial Reform on the maintenance of national and rural roads and makes recommendations regarding the implementation of maintenance under the new organisational structure. The background and logic behind those recommendations is elaborated in the body of the paper through summarising the principal actions and policies required to be adopted in order to achieve a proper standards of road maintenance under the new territorial strategy system of local government. It is important to recognise that the roads which will fall under the responsibility of the new bodies are just a part of the overall road system. They should not be considered in isolation and in some respects it is desirable that national policies and standards be adopted which will cover the whole of the road system. In these areas it is important that policy development take place in the context of cooperation between the various responsible institutions, primarily Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Local Issues, Albanian Roads Authority( ARA), Albanian Development Fund (ADF) and the new local government authorities, the LGA s.
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Munthali, Simon M. "Traditional and modern wildlife conservation in Malawi – the need for an integrated approach." Oryx 27, no. 3 (1993): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300028003.
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Traditional wildlife conservation has remained effective in Malawi for more than a century despite great cultural changes. The modern approach, based on a system of protected areas controlled by the government, has been less effective. It has failed to gain the support of local people and the result has been much illicit encroachment into protected areas. For the future, a solution needs to be found that integrates modern and traditional conservation with rural economic development.
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Rajasekaran, N., and K. Baladhandayutham. "Fund Utilization Pattern Under Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme in Salem District." Shanlax International Journal of Management 11, no. 2 (2023): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/management.v11i2.6670.
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The Indian government initiated a number of rural development initiatives, such as providing enough infrastructure and road amenities, safeguarding public health, empowering women, raising living standards, etc. The Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS), one of the initiatives, was inaugurated on December 23, 1993. It was governed by the Ministry of Rural Development until December 1994, when it was reassigned to the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation. Examining the fund utilization pattern in the study area is the main goal of the current study. Studying the economic circumstances of the sample respondents in the research area is the second objective. Moreover, to gauge how satisfied the sample respondents were with the subject of the study. The research reveals that the sample respondents had poor lack of knowledge above field level observation. There is no question that the public and MPs have a poor connection as discussed above. At the same time, it was demonstrated how fully utilizing MPLADS monies has a good influence (directly and indirectly) in numerous locations.
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Berdinazarov, Zafar. "FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF USING THE KPI SYSTEM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES." Journal of Science and Innovative Development 3, no. 6 (2020): 26–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36522/2181-9637-2020-6-3.
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The study presents proposals and recommendations for the formation, development and use of criteria and methods for assessing the activities of local government bodies in Uzbekistan according to the system of key performance indicators (KPIs) based on international best practices. The study was carried out within the framework of a joint project of the Public Services Agency under the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan, UNDP and the European Union "Improving the provision of public services and improving local self-government in rural areas of Uzbekistan."
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Kozera, Agnieszka, Romana Głowicka-Wołoszyn, and Feliks Wysocki. "The financial independence of rural gminas in the Wielkopolskie voivodship." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 61, no. 2 (2016): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0916.
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Financial independence is an important factor in socio-economic development, especially in rural areas. Rural gminas (communities), mainly located peripherally to larger urban centers, have significantly lower revenue potential. This also means a lower level of financial independence of rural gminas, which in turn can be a barrier in multifunctional rural development. This issue is a priority for the European Union. The main objective of this article is a synthetic assessment of the level of financial independence of rural gminas in the Wielkopolskie voivodship in 2013. The basis of information studies, using the method TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity is an Ideal Solution) to assess the financial condition of municipalities, were data from the Central Statistical Office (Local Data Bank — Public finances for 2013) and Ministry of Finance (Indicators for assessing the financial position of local government units in 2011—2013).
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Vorodam, J. B., M. F. Rashid, and S. H. Misnan. "Settlement as a determinant for community’s resilience to local economic development in Ghana." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1082, no. 1 (2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1082/1/012005.
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Abstract Local Economic Development (LED) is the main anchor through which economic development is achieved by building entrepreneurial capacities and improving opportunities for economic growth and citizens’ quality of life, especially in rural settlements. In Ghana, the implementation of LED is under the Ministry of Local Government, Decentralization and Rural Development (MLDGRD) through the Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) at the local level. The implementation of LED contributes significantly to Ghana’s economic growth, business creation, and employment generation. LED is therefore identified as essential to sustainable development and poverty reduction in rural settlements in Ghana. However, the challenges of poor implementation of the LED policy are financial constraints to implement LED activities at the local level, performance action of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) towards LED, and limited exploration of the sanitation value chain LED efforts at the local level. The poor capacity of small-medium micro enterprises (SMMEs) and smallholder farmers have often affected the successful implementation of LED activities at the local level. Hence, this paper seeks to identify the determinants for resilience in Local Economic Development in Ghana. The paper further provides an overview of the LED challenges in Ghana. Finally, this paper recommends appropriate theoretical frameworks that integrate the determinants for the resilience of Local Economic Development to address the identified challenges of LED, leading to poverty reduction in Ghana.
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Hill, T. R., E. L. Nel, and P. Illgner. "Partnership for Success—Community-Based Economic Development: A Case Study of Ngolowindo Cooperative, Malawi." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 25, no. 4 (2007): 573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c8p.
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Africa has a disproportionate share of the world's poorest countries and within this context economically weak states generally lack the ability to provide the ideal level of support and opportunities for their citizens. This paper examines how, in Malawi, a community-based economic development initiative, with the aid of a supportive NGO, has significantly improved rural livelihoods and facilitated market access in the formal market economy. Active government and NGO support for small scale irrigation farming coupled with their encouragement of community development led to the emergence of the Ngolowindo agricultural cooperative which serves as a useful model and example of locality-based development in Africa. After providing a context for the study in terms of both contextual literature and details specific to the Malawian context, the paper examines how the cooperative emerged, how it operates, what role the supporting NGO plays, and how products are sold. The study concludes with an overview of key findings and an examination of the lessons for local development in Africa.
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Lam, Foong Sin, Chun Chieh Yip, Zhen An Lee, and Poh Hwa Ong. "Analyzing Post-Disaster Reconstruction Stakeholder Networks: Malaysian rural housing." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 8, no. 23 (2023): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v8i23.4511.
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This article uses the social network analysis to identify resource coordination and information exchange of stakeholders in the inter-organizational network by studying the project-related interactions of rural housing reconstruction in Temerloh, Pahang that were funded by the Malaysian government, His Majesty the King and NGO. The data was collected through content analysis and interviews with 23 government agencies, NGOs, and community stakeholders. Findings from the analysis established that government agencies had the highest actor centralities, with the Rural Development Ministry and the local government level being the most central among the government agencies, whereas the homeowners had the lowest centralities. Keywords: post-disaster housing reconstruction, social network analysis, rural Malaysia eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2023. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v8i23.4511
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Kalininskaya, A. A., E. A. Bakirova, M. V. Kizeev, A. V. Lazarev, A. V. Muftakhova, and A. A. Smirnov. "The problems of rural health care and prospects of development." Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine 30, no. 6 (2022): 1224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32687/0869-866x-2022-30-6-1224-1229.
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Further reforming of the rural health care should be proceeded with special attention to availability of medical care in countryside.The purpose of the study is to develop on the basis of analysis of accounting data and research results recommendations for improving organizational forms of medical care to country dwellers. The exploration of peopleware and main performance indicators of medical organizations in rural areas was implemented.The statistical, analytical and sociological methods were applied. The reporting forms 47, 30, 12 of Federal statistical monitoring are analyzed.Results. The provision of population with medical personnel in rural municipalities in 2010-2018 increased from 12.5 to 14.5 per 10 thousand of rural population. The provision with paramedical personnel made up to 52.3%oo and during the same years indicator decreased from 55.4 to 52.3%oo. During the analysis period, 4241 feldsher obstetric posts were reduced and in 2018 their number made up to 33,350. The number of feldshers in rural areas decreased on 18.5%. In 2005-2018 number of central district hospitals and district hospitals decreased in 2.5 times. At that, provision of beds in municipalities of rural areas decreased from 49.6 to 38.8%oo. There significant winding up of district hospitals and their restructuring into branches of central district hospitals occurred. In 2018, remained only 47 out of them equipped with 1549 beds. Unfortunately, the reporting forms of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation do not account branches of central district hospitals. This information is to be included in accountability of the Ministry of Health.It is necessary to expand scope of authority of local government bodies in resolving medical and social problems in rural territories.
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Phiri, Nozgechi, Yvonne Cunningham, Stefan Witek-Mcmanus, et al. "Development and piloting of a primary school-based salt reduction programme: Formative work and a process evaluation in rural and urban Malawi." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 8 (2023): e0000867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000867.
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Excess salt intake is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Promoting salt reduction as part of routine school-health programming may be a pragmatic way to address this risk factor early in the life course but has not been tested in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Here we describe the formative work with stakeholders and process evaluation of pilot work to develop a school-based salt reduction programme for children aged 11–14 years, in preparation for a cluster-randomised trial in rural/urban Malawi. Collection of observational data and documentary evidence (meeting minutes/field notes) from the earliest key stakeholder engagement with Malawi Ministries of Health, Education, Local Government and Rural Development and Malawi Institute of Education, and non-governmental stakeholders; and a series of semi-structured interviews and focus groups (with head teachers (n = 2); teachers (n = 4); parents (n = 30); and learners (n = 40)). Data was analysed thematically and conceptualised through a Normalization Process Theory lens. Formative work illustrated a range of administrative, technical, and practical issues faced during development of the programme; including allocation of stakeholder roles and responsibilities, harmonisation with pre-existing strategies and competing priorities, resources required for programme development, and design of effective teaching materials. While participants were positive about the programme, the process evaluation identified features to be refined including perceived challenges to participation, recommended adaptations to the content and delivery of lessons, and concerns related to quantity/quality of learning resources provided. This study demonstrates the importance of comprehensive, sustained, and participatory stakeholder engagement in the development of a novel school health programme in SSA; and highlights the factors that were critical to successfully achieving this. We also demonstrate the value of detailed process evaluation in informing development of the programme to ensure that it was feasible and relevant to the context prior to evaluation through a cluster-randomised trial.
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Cole, Ben, John Pinfold, Goen Ho, and Martin Anda. "Exploring the methodology of participatory design to create appropriate sanitation technologies in rural Malawi." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 4, no. 1 (2013): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.166.
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The methodologies of demand-led sanitation programmes (including community-led total sanitation [CLTS] and sanitation marketing) encourage participation of users in the design of appropriate sanitation facilities. There has been limited examination of the application of established methodologies in participatory design in the sanitation sector. This paper describes and reflects upon three case studies that applied established participatory design methodologies to create sanitation technologies in rural Malawi. Participants of the design sessions represented two groups: (i) researcher–designers (government staff); and (ii) users (local builders and householders). The methodology created a space to develop a common language between the two groups and allowed an exploration of tensions about the use of sanitation hardware subsidies. The design sessions created a number of innovations including corbelling structures, trapezium shaped bricks and reinforcement of wooden frame structures with sandbags. The paper critically reflects on the processes of participatory design in relation to power, ownership and continued participation.
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Das, Mamoni. "Panchayati Raj Institutions in India." Galore International Journal of Applied Sciences and Humanities 6, no. 2 (2022): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijash.20220402.
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Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) is a system of rural local self-government in India. Panchayati Raj is a system of governance in which gram panchayats are the basic units of administration. It has 3 levels: village, block and district. “Panchayat” literally means assembly (yat) of five (panch) and ‘Raj’ literally means governance or government. Mahatma Gandhi advocated Panchayati Raj a decentralized form of Government where each village is responsible for its own affairs, as the foundation of India’s political system. His term for such a vision was “Gram Swaraj”(Village Self-governance).The dream of 'Gram Swaraj' of our beloved father of nation, Mahatma Gandhi and motto of 'Power to People' are essence of true democracy. The task of capacity building of these large numbers of Panchayats is quite gigantic exercise. As per the assessment of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj even after 22 years of enactment of 73rd Constitutional (Amendment) Act and also after having three rounds of Panchayat elections in many States in India the empowerment of Panchayats have not taken place as envisioned in the 73rd Constitution (Amendment) Act in 1992.The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution in 1992 gave Constitutional status to the Panchayats as institutions of local self government and also for planning and implementing programmes for economic development and social justice. The Panchayati Raj System is not a new concept and therefore is considered as one of the best ways of governance of the rural India. However, the System of Panchayati Raj despite having derived their power and existence from the constitution of India. In this paper discuss Panchayati raj Structure, Evolution, 73rd Constitutional (Amendment) Act, Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Panchayati Raj System in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Keywords: Panchayati Raj, Constitution, Amendment and development
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Simkhada, Padam Prasad, and Sharada Prasad Wasti. "Opportunities and Challenges for effective implementations of Karnali Province Health Policy." Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2021): i—iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.46405/ejms.v3i1.312.
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The health sector is complex, involving many stakeholders, multiple goals, and different beneficiaries. Health policy is an instrument to decide, plan and action that are undertaken to achieve health care goals within a society to combat the health problems. It is crucial for understanding it influences on health systems and prioritizing the health needs of the population.1
 In 2015, Nepal became a federal republic and replaced a unitary government with a federal government at the central level, seven provincial and 753 local governments having more authority and resources in planning and managing than before. In the spirit of Constitution of Nepal 2015 and with the vision to make the health services of the country universal and qualitative, Ministry of health and population of Nepal (2019) revised National health policy in 2019. National Health policy 2019 of Nepal has expanded its plan and strategies according to federal structure of the country to improve health sector.2 The revision of health policy paved the way forward towards health system reform in the country which is further supported by Local Government operation act 2017.3 With the new governance structure, accountability has also been divided among the three tiers and the local level is responsible for the program implementation responsibilities.4 5 The Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP) is responsible for managing the health system at the federal level, whereas at the provincial level leads by the Ministry of Social Development and local governments metro/sub-metropolitan, municipality and rural municipality are responsible for its management.6 This indicates that the health system must gear up to meet the escalating healthcare needs of every citizen and upgrading the system as per the structure of the country.
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Bitoleuova, Y., and B. Lavrovskiy. "THE CURRENT STATE OF BUDGETING OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN." Central Asian Economic Review, no. 1 (May 26, 2022): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52821/2789-4401-2022-1-113-125.
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Purpose of the research is to study the current state and directions and opportunities in the development of local self-government in the Republic of Kazakhstan, its place and role in the development of active participation of citizens of society, expanding the independence of regional authorities, the embodiment of their potential in managing their own budget process.It also studied materials on the current state of budgeting of the local self-government system in the Republic of Kazakhstan and on this basis developed proposals for its improvement.Methodology. In the course of the study, general scientific methods such as theoretical generalization, scientific abstraction, analysis of the current and past state based on data from Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.The originality / value of the research. One of the important directions of the adopted innovations is the gradual implementation of a separate direct budget in a separate city, village, settlement, in a rural area, and at the same time increasing the powers of local self-government bodies and their financial support.Value is the study lies in the need to assess the reforms, aimed at creating an independent budget with the transfer of part of municipal property to the jurisdiction of local government bodies, which contributes to the increase in the powers of these bodies in the distribution of this property and the distribution of the budget.Findings. The results of the study – identified issues requiring of the understanding of local self-government bodies in accordance with international standards, as well as the differentiation of functions and competencies between local government and self-government bodies, including in terms of their budgeting mechanisms.
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Yun, Byung Hwa. "A Study on Cultural Contents of National Intangible Cultural Heritage tea manufacturing(Jeda, 製茶)". Association for International Tea Culture 60 (30 червня 2023): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21483/qwoaud.60..202306.55.
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Jeda(製茶) is a rational process for prolonged preservation by maximizing active ingredients of tea. The government designated Jeda(製茶) as the national intangible cultural heritage as of July 14th in 2016. This study suggests the enforcement measures of Jeda transmission. First, it is support measures through legislation on tea. Active support is necessary for Jeda masters designated by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs as well as providing tea manufacturing transmission system based on 「Cultural Heritage Protection Act」, 「Act on the Preservation and Promotion of Intangible Cultural Properties」, 「Act on Tea Industry Development and Tea Culture Promotion」. Second, recreational·eduational·academic·regional·economic activities are necessary to reinforce the value of Jeda. Third, it is necessary to construct a transmission institution, reinforce the support of government and local government and provide outreach educational programs for Jeda activation as national intangible cultural heritage. Fourth, Jeda should be established based on a local culture. It is necessary to work on archiving, reinforce community self-sustaining power of intangible culture and establish recreational foundation for local residents. Furthermore, it takes comprehensive effort to enhance the efficiency of Jeda cultural contents, have a multiple complex function and develop creative cultural contents.
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Amponsah, R. Amponsah. "Infrastructural projects implementations challenges in Ghana." Pentvars Business Journal 7, no. 1 (2013): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.62868/pbj.v7i1.103.
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The lack of efficient systems in the Ministries, Departments and Agencies to analyze and report on both Government and donor funded infrastructural projects has hampered the rate of infrastructural project implementation in the country. To make matters worse, the challenge of MDAs having to deal with different reporting rules, multi DP procurement processes and lending conditions have been overwhelming, eating up scarce administrative resources that could be put to better use. This study sought to investigate the role of administrative, leadership, and project management competencies in infrastructural project implementation challenges in Ghana. It provides appropriate recommendations to relevant stakeholders, such as the government, Private Sector, development partners, and relevant NGOs. The research covered six key sectors, namely: the Ministries of Finance and Economic Planning; Roads and Highways; Local Government and Rural Development; Energy; Transport; and Water Resources; Sanitation, Works and Housing. It engaged six key development partners (both bi lateral and multilateral agencies) namely the World Bank; Chinese Republic, African Development Bank; German Development Agency (KfW); the French Development Agency, and the European Union Delegation. The Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MoFEP) was the main fulcrum of this study.
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Putri, Anindya Pratami, and Iwang Gumilar. "DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS OF QUACULTURE VILLAGE IN GARUT REGENCY." AQUASAINS 11, no. 2 (2023): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/aqs.v11i2.p1277-1286.
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This study aims to identify issues and formulate strategies related to the development of aquaculture village areas in Garut Regency. This research was conducted for 2 months, namely August-October. Methods of data collection by observation and interviews. Data analysis using SWOT analysis. Garut Regency has the potential for freshwater aquaculture covering an area of 26,000 hectares which includes aquaculture of calm water ponds, swift water ponds and rice fields. The aquaculture village is a program from the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) which aims to improve the local rural economy for the period 2021-2024. The application of the concept of developing aquaculture villages is a strategic step in the implementation of marine and fisheries development. Aquaculture village is an area based on superior commodities and local commodities, which can encourage the development of competitive and sustainable fish farming, as well as protect fish resources and ensure sustainable and planned production. The results of the SWOT analysis show that an important strategy in developing aquaculture village areas in Garut Regency is to take advantage of market opportunities, government development supervision and community participation.
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RAMELE, ROHASLINDA BINTI, YAMAZAKI JUICHI, MD NAJIB IBRAHIM, and LILIS SHEREENA SAFIEE. "Malaysian Homestays: The Need for Standardized Regulation." Built Environment Journal 17, no. 2 (2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/bej.v17i2.8997.
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This study aims to clarify regulations used among each type of registered and unregistered Malaysian homestays and to reveal issues arose regarding the implemented regulations. Selected homestays that are established by the government organizations and individuals were investigated to carry out the comparison on each homestay. Host families and persons in charge of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (MOTAC), the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), and the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (MRRD) were also interviewed. Findings showed that there is only one guideline used for all types of homestays in Malaysia, which is the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline, established by MOTAC. MOTAC has also been selected as a leader of homestays in the Southeast Asian countries by the ASEAN Secretariat; therefore, the ASEAN Homestay Standard is also being referred. However, the implementation of this guideline and standard among other homestays unregistered with MOTAC (homestays established by MOA, MRRD, and individuals) is not compulsory, although encouraged, where they may receive equal benefits in term of facilities and promotion. Some issues arose due to the tax regulated by the local authorities, failure on homestays to be registered with MOTAC, and abandoned homestays. This study recommended that the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline to be standardized and regulated to all types of homestays, including individuals and unregistered homestays in Malaysia. This is important in order to reduce issues arose involving the homestay industry, providing safety and comfort to the tourists and, to help to develop rural income among host families and the rural community themselves.Keywords: Rural tourism, homestay, regulation, management, operation
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Jaishi, Mahesh. "Strengthening Research-Education-Extension (R-E-E) Linkage in New Context of Federal Structured Nepal." Responsible Education, Learning and Teaching in Emerging Economies 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/relate.v2i1.1309.
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Objective: The objective of this paper to examine the major limitations of past efforts in Nepal regarding the link between agriculture research, education, and extension and to highlight the government’s strategy and policy measures to overcome these limitations in the new federal structure in Nepal. 
 Methodology: The paper is based on the government policy paper, articles, books, reports, and website. Policymakers, faculties, and researchers from three major stakeholders of REE blended through key informant interviews. 
 Result: Paper concluded that linkages between the research, education, and service delivery are the weakest. Lack of extension policy, lack of joint ventures or common programs, no functional link between universities, agricultural ministry, research institute, and private sector in policy forums are weakening REE linkages. Rural extension and community development can be developed as a three-way partnership. i) land-grant university/college in each state including municipalities, ii) state government through ministry and department iii) local government through municipalities, and Community Agriculture Extension Service Centers (CAESC). 
 Implication: A typological model is suggested to explain organizational and operational linkage strategies. Taking these together, the scattered efforts and services being provided by the existing structure, Agriculture Academic Institution (AAI) should able to fulfill these gaps with the close collaboration of community initiative as suggested by Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS). While doing so, the existing institutional structure can also be restructured and revitalized.
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Tiwari, Surendra Babu. "Public Expectation on Strengthening Municipal Governance through Government Preparedness in the Public Service Delivery." Kalika Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (2023): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kjms.v5i1.60913.
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With the introduction of the federal government system in Nepal, two local level elections were held which increased the public expectations of citizens although the power sharing and decentralization system at federal state and local level and local level is relatively difficult. The Ministry of Federal Affair and General Administration (MOFAGA) under the Local Government Operation Act has developed a Local Government Institutional Self-Assessment (LISA) model to assess municipal governance. This study examined the preparedness of Pokhara Metropolitan City for addressing the expectations of the people in public service delivery especially with the application of the LISA model and identified the measures of preparedness for the responsive and accountable municipal government. The sample size was 149 individuals selected from three wards (ward 8 in urban, ward 27 is in semi-urban and ward 24 in the rural/periphery area) of PMC where the sample was collected at the 5% level of significance and 8% margin of error. The findings of the study suggested that the assessment of the expectation is the first step and government preparedness should be according to the public service delivery mechanisms so as to strengthen municipal governance in the municipality. The LISA model in municipalities is the baseline for strengthening the municipal governance. The study has been a useful assessment for the capacity development and technical backstopping at the one hand the public expectations at the other.
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Adamtey, Ronald, John Victor Mensah, and Gifty Obeng. "Making Cities Resilient in Ghana: The Realities of Slum Dwellers That Confront the Accra Metropolitan Assembly." Journal of Sustainable Development 14, no. 1 (2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v14n1p70.
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Over the past three decades, various countries and stakeholders have aimed at having cities that can better handle natural and human-made disasters, protect human life, absorb the impact of economic, environmental and social hazards and promote well-being, inclusive and sustainable growth. This paper investigates how informal ties result in in-filling and the creation of slums in the context of efforts to make cities resilient in Ghana using the Accra Metropolis as case study. The United Nations Habitat classification of slums was used to purposively select two slum settlements in Accra for the study. The study used mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data from April 2018 to August 2018. Quantitative data was collected from 400 slum dwellers while qualitative data was collected from eight focus group discussion sessions and in-depth interviews with at least one senior official from related institutions such as Accra Metropolitan Assembly (AMA), Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (MLGRD), Ministry of Water Resources (MWR), Ministry of Works and Housing (MWH), Ministry of Inner City and Zongo Development (MICZD), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Ghana Police Service, and Ghana National Fire Service. Descriptive techniques were used for the analysis. The findings are that informal ties contribute to in-filling in slums. Slum dwellers do not plan to return home, they are not involved in land use decision making and the slums have opportunities and challenges to the slum dwellers and AMA. The AMA should avoid forced eviction of slums and rather enforce development control bye-laws, implement slum upgrading programs, and involve slum dwellers in upgrading programs. Slum dwellers must cooperate with AMA to make Accra resilient. The mainstreaming of the issue of slums in all urban development agendas needs to be given the needed political and policy attention by central government and all stakeholders.
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Kazimshara, Hamza Abdul, and Fredius Anselmi. "Examining the Role of Lower-Level Local Government Leaders in Mitigating Climate Change Impacts on Smallholder Farmers." Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies 50, no. 7 (2024): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2024/v50i71495.
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The agricultural sector remains the main source of livelihoods for rural communities in Tanzania, but faces the challenge of changing climate. This study aimed at assessing the roles played with local government leaders towards smallholder farmers escaping from climate change effects. Specifically, the study examined the influence of Climate change information Adoptive strategies, Updated farming knowledge from local government leaders on smallholders’ ability to escape from climate change effects. The study employed a cross-sectional research design on 200 smallholder farmers. Data collection methods included survey, key informants’ interview (KIIs) and focus group discussions. The study collected and analysed both qualitative and quantitative data from primary and secondary sources. Quantitative data were analysed using a multiple regression model while the qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. findings revealed that local government leaders are not effectively supporting smallholders farmers escaping from climate change effects since the result under this study reveal that local government leaders are not providing supporting knowledge to smallholder farmers on climate change and strategies towards its adoptions, it can be concluded that local government leaders has a slight influence on supporting smallholders farmers to escape from climate change effects in the study area since observed that local leaders are not providing adequate climate and its adoption strategies. The study concludes that local government leaders have less knowledge on climate issues hence negatively influencing smallholder farmers to escape from climate change effects due to the absence of local government employees development program particularly to wards and village executive officers who are directly closely to local natives by increasing the ability of the smallholders’ farmers to have good wellbeing performance. The study recommends to the Moshi District Council particularly to local government leaders and ministry of agricultural to establish capacity building program to local government employees working at lower levels and local government leaders have to include climate change information agenda in their assembly to ensure farmers are updated with climate change issues.
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Malila, Mwabless, Titus Mwageni, and Maclean Mwamlangala. "Challenges in Integrating Demographic Variables into Local Government Authorities’ Development Plans." Rural Planning Journal 26, no. 1 (2024): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.59557/rpj.26.1.2024.69.
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This paper examines the Challenges in Integrating Demographic Variables into Local Government Authorities’ Development plans in Chemba and Mpwapwa district councils. The study population was LGA’s development planning officers. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design in which both qualitative and quantitative data from planning officers were collected. Descriptive statistics (Univariate analysis) was done to explore the characteristics and distribution of respondents presented in frequencies and percentages. Cross-tabulation with chi-square (χ2) test tested the association of variables at a 0.05 (95%) significance level. The study findings revealed that LGA planning officers face several challenges in integrating population variables into development plans. Such challenges are Institutional-based (Scarcity of data, lack of political commitment to the goal, limited access to computing facilities, and inadequacy of statistical sources. Resource-based (Unclear relevance of the move among development planners, Continuing discussions on the best ways can use population data in development planning, Lack of clear understanding of demographic variables that can be integrated into the development plans in different sectors, Inadequate conceptualization and understanding of the operation and effects of population variables, lack of sufficient expertise to prepare needed projection inputs). Planning process based (Bureaucratic structures of centralized planning offices; create a barrier between planners and the public) Relying on secondary data from socio-economic profiles, too many directives (central government priories).Technical-based (unclear approaches of integrating population issues into development plans, lack of appropriate methodology, lack of planning and projection techniques, missing manual on the methodology, inadequate research into the many facets of the demographic processes and of their interrelations with other social and economic processes. The chi-square (2) test of the findings revealed no significant (P>0.05) statistical variation by LGAs on the faced challenges in integrating population variables into development plans. The study concludes that institutional setup, resource constraints, the nature of the planning process, and some technical issues affect LGA’s in coming up with effective and comprehensive development plans that cope with the area-specific aging population. The findings require the LGAs to consider putting more effort into the reliable sources of data, knowledge, and skills of planners, planning tools, and planning approaches in order to come up with good and realistic development plans that foster increasing local economic growth and improve the living standard of people; that slow down youth rural-urban migration due to low economic efficiency in their places of origin. The study recommends that LGAs in collaboration with the parent Ministry have to design the means of curbing the encountered planning challenges including improving awareness and sources of data for planning purposes, reviewing the planning approach by making it rather horizontal and comprehensive instead of being vertical from central government policies because obstacles and opportunities for development are area specific, and planners should get acquainted with methodologies for integrating population variables into development plans.
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Li, Zihao, Xihang Xie, Xinyue Yan, Tingting Bai, and Dong Xu. "Impact of China’s Rural Land Marketization on Ecological Environment Quality Based on Remote Sensing." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (2022): 12619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912619.
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The market entry of rural collective operating construction land (MERCOCL) is an important way for the Chinese government to promote the marketization of rural land. However, the impact of China’s Rural Land Marketization on the ecological environment quality (EEQ) remains to be understood. Understanding these mechanisms is necessary for regional sustainable development and rational resource allocation. Therefore, a universal assessment model of China’s regional EEQ was built based on the Landsat 5/8 and the national ecological index (EI) provided by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment at the national district and county scale. A total of 229 counties (32 pilot counties and other counties in the pilot cities) in China from 2011 to 2018 were taken as the research object. This paper empirically studied the evolution process, driving mechanism and spatial heterogeneity of EEQ from the perspective of MERCOCL. The study shows that China’s EEQ presented a spatial distribution pattern of “high in the south, low in the north, high in the east and low in the west”. When a county implemented the MERCOCL policy, its EEQ index increased by 0.342, with the improvement effect occurring in the second year after the MERCOCL implementation. Regarding the mechanism, MERCOCL mainly improved the EEQ by promoting industrial structure optimization and increasing urban population aggregation. From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity, the improvement effect of MERCOCL on EEQ was more significant in regions with lower economic development levels and latitudes (southern China). This study will facilitate an understanding of the impact of China’s rural land marketization on the EEQ and provide scientific data support for government departments to formulate sustainable urban development policies that meet local conditions.
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Tleuberdinova, A. Т., R. M. Ruzanov, and X. Kulik. "The living standard of the rural population of Kazakhstan as a socio-economic category." Problems of AgriMarket 3 (September 30, 2021): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2021-3.2708-9991.18.
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The study was carried out within the framework of targeted funding of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Development of the concept and mechanisms of balanced territorial development of the economy and society of Kazakhstan." Methods - abstract-logical, monographic, graphical, comparative and cluster analysis. Results - in order to compare the living standards of rural areas of the country's regions, grouping of regions was carried out with justification of such indicators as growth rate of the number of rural residents; the share of the employed and self-employed in the total rural population; villagers' income; proportion of residents whose material well-being is below the subsistence level; share of expenses for food products and paid services. The results of the conducted cluster analysis are presented and groups of regions with similar living conditions, social security and characteristic problems are identified, which makes it possible to determine the main directions of regional policy for improving living standards in the countryside for each of them. Conclusions - the authors have developed recommendations for the implementation of measures aimed at increasing the level of livelihoods in rural areas that are of interest to regional and local government agencies, labor and social protection authorities in Kazakhstan, preparation of policy documents to improve the socioeconomic situation of rural residents.
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Blebea, Nicoleta, and Gabriela Mitea. "Financial management of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus in Romania." Technium Business and Management 2, no. 2 (2022): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/business.v2i2.6856.
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In this article, we highlight comprehensive and up-to-date information on the analysis of the central public administration that addresses how the authorities, institutions and central public entities with responsibilities in preventing and combating the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania have used public funds allocated in this purpose.
 Romania has accepted the decrease of budget revenues, through a series of fiscal measures and by diminishing the income-generating economic activities. The budgets of some main authorizing officers with special attributions during the state of emergency were supplemented, namely: the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Public Finance; Ministry of Public Works, Development and Administration; Ministry of Interior; Ministry of Transport, Infrastructure and Communications; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development; Public ministry; National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority; Special Telecommunications Service; Romanian Information Service; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Romanian Academy. In order to implement measures to prevent and combat the pandemic, as well as to manage the state of emergency, a series of resources were mobilized, in addition to donations and sponsorships, received by public institutions from the central public administration during the state of emergency. At the same time, for the local government component, the data are structured in such a way as to reflect the tasks and tasks of local authorities in preventing and combating the pandemic, but also the findings on resource management used for this purpose, segmented into the following areas: medical assistance (medical equipment, medicines, sanitary materials, salary rights, etc.); expenses incurred in establishing the quarantine; disinfection costs imposed by measures to prevent and combat the epidemic; Other expenditure due to the need to take measures to prevent and combat the epidemic. The Government of Romania has adopted an emergency ordinance for the organization and conduct of public information campaigns in the context of the epidemiological situation caused by the spread of COVID-19, in order to raise awareness of the risks of disease and increase voluntary compliance with health and social regulations imposed by competent authorities, in order to limit the spread of the virus after the end of the state of emergency. Audiovisual and printed materials that will be broadcast in public information campaigns, such as audio and video spots, online banners, print mock-ups, mock-ups for billboards, will be created and produced centrally by a creative structure in which specific professional associations can delegate members. from several volunteer and / or paid agencies.
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Wardhani, Irma Yuniar, Nanang Nabhar Fakhri Auliya, and Laily Fuadah. "DEVELOPING THE ISLAMIC READING CENTER THROUGH FOSTERING THE VILLAGE YOUTH ORGANIZATION TO IMPROVE CHILDREN’S LITERACY." PALASTREN: Jurnal Studi Gender 14, no. 1 (2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v14i1.6552.
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The study of literacy always becomes the main issue in education, because this skill is a benchmark for the progress and development of a nation. Indonesia is a large country with a large area, however with its wide area it turns out to be an obstacle in terms of equalizing education in Indonesia. In fact, some rural villages have not had adequate access to education and it causes the paradigm about education among rural villages is less open. Moreover, Indonesia is a country which majority of the population are Muslims, so the literacy skills improvement program which is being pursued should have an Islamic value. . Unfortunately, there have not been many reviews about increasing literacy skills based on Islamic education. Therefore, it needs an effort that can develop literacy skills for children especially for the nation's next generation. The fostering of villages youth organizations through the Islamic Reading Center (IRC) which aims to increase children's literacy is a literacy collaborative (LC) program starting from rural villages’ level, local government and central government which involves youth organization from the rural villages’ level, sub-district, regency, education and culture agency, social agency, regional and national libraries, and the directorate general of Islamic education of religious ministry of Republic of Indonesia. The Islamic reading center provides Islamic books and media that can be managed by the youth organizations in a rural village. So, through Islamic reading centers and literacy activities, it can increase literacy skills in rural villages which need more attention in education.
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Aruwa, S. A. S., and Sunday Adeyemi Ojelabi. "EFFECT OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING PRACTICES ON FRAUD MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES IN OYO STATE." Caleb International Journal of Development Studies 05, no. 02 (2022): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cijds-2022-05-02-06.
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The aim of this study is to examine the effect of forensic accounting practices on fraud management in selected government agencies in Oyo State. The sample for the study are five (5) selected government agencies in Oyo State which are Office of the Accountant General; Hospital Management Board; Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Natural Resources; Local Government Staff Pensions Board; and Oyo State Universal Basic Education Board. The sampling technique used is the census sampling technique. Data were collected with the aid of structure questionnaire. The data was coded and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics such as correlation and Analysis of Variance. Results reveal that forensic investigation and forensic dispute resolution has a positive and significant effect on fraud management. While forensic litigation was found to have negative and insignificant effect on fraud manageme The studyrecommends that an improvement in forensic practices will lead to better fraud management in most agencies and that the forensic investigator should be more pro-active in combating any form of fraudulent activities in the state.
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Mukuka, Dominic Mulenga. "The Impact of Land Act of 1995 on Customary, State and Church Lands." Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS) 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35544/jjeoshs.v3i1.26.
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The article sets out to examine the concept of customary or traditional land within the context of Zambia’s dual land system that is categorized as: customary/traditional land. In turn, the traditional land is controlled, allocated, and regulated through the Chiefs. Then there is formal land that is owned and controlled by the State through the Commissioner of Lands who works in consultation with the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, in conjunction with the Ministry of Local Government and its District Councils. The article will thus examine the history of dual land system in Zambia; and will further evaluate the Land Act of 1995, whose purpose was to propose a wave of new land system reforms. The latter was intended to establish a more efficient system of land tenure conversion in Zambia. The article also examines the administration of conversion process of traditional/customary and State land. The article sets out on the premise that without effective tenure conversion policies in administering land, sustainable development in both traditional or customary and State areas will be hampered. To this effect, the issue of boundaries in customary or traditional communities will be discussed as a way of building territorial integrity and land management in customary land, through cadastral surveys that is apparent with the rise in population and demand for market-based activities in rural areas. The article will argue that without clearly defined systems of administration and demarcation of boundaries, between customary/traditional and State/formal lands in Zambia, this process will be prone to more land conflicts hindering socio-economic progress. Hence, the aim of the article is to investigate how the United Church of Zambia’s land has been administered and managed, considering the fact that most of its land is based both in customary/traditional areas that are controlled by the Chiefs and formal or State lands that are largely controlled by the government institutions. The methodology that will be used in or der to examine how the United Church of Zambia manages and administer its land will be qualitative methodology. The article will conclude that there is need for the United Church of Zambia to develop a land management policy that will assist the Church to manage and administer its lands that is both located in the traditional and government areas. Above all, the Church needs to ensure that leasehold conversion that is both customary and traditional authorities through the local Chiefs and the government through its Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, Commissioner of Lands, together with the Ministry of Local Government are legitimately acquired.
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Matole, Adrian, Lushinga Eliazer Kawila, Francis Simui, and Gistered Muleya. "An Exploration of the Link Between Civic Engagement and Community Development in Lusaka District Zambia." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 8 (2023): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.108.15319.
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In a democratic nation like Zambia, Civic engagement is expected to improve the wellbeing of the people in the community. Given the expected outcome of Civic engagement, this article explored the link between Civic engagement and community development in Lusaka district, Zambia. The study rids on case study design to generate evidence on the link between civic engagement and community development. The objective of this article was to explore the link between civic engagement and community development. Data was generated from a total sample of 23 participants. Finding of this research were that civic engagement act as a reflection of citizen’s ownership of community development, interface in solving community problems and facilitator in preferential option for those in absolute poverty. Findings also revealed that civic engagement helps to strengthen national governance. Therefore, this article concludes that in order to make democracy a reality and meaningful, civic life should result into community transformation. The article recommends that there is need for Ministry of local government and rural development to enhance and create more structures were citizens can interface more often with civic leaders.
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SITIKARN, Bussaba, Kannapat KANKAEW, Yothin SAWANGDEE, and Athitaya PATHAN. "COFFEE VALUE SYMBIOSIS TOWARD A MOUNTAIN GEOGRAPHICAL COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN THAILAND." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 42, no. 2 supplement (2022): 657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.422spl03-874.
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Coffee was used as a symbiosis key value attracting tourists in community-based tourism at Pang Khon village, Chiang Rai, Thailand. The mixed method was applied. The data collected by administering in-depth interview, focus group, participatory rural appraisal, and participatory observation amongst the public, private and community for qualitative data collection. Whereas, the questionnaires were employed for quantitative data collection. The structural equation modelling was applied to compliment and foster the qualitative data. The sample group composes of public entity including local government, Tourism Authority of Thailand Chiang Rai officers, officers from ministry of tourism and sport of Thailand [MOT’s officers], Pang Khon villagers, restaurant and private travel agencies, hoteliers, local transport providers, and tourists. The economic, education, emotion, research, and experience values were discovered. To assess coffee symbiosis value to community-based tourism. The mixed method research was employed by using in-depth interview, focus group, participatory rural appraisal, participatory for qualitative approach. The quantitative approach was conducted by using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results found coffee create economic, education, emotion, research, and experience values to community-based tourism. The author would recommend the policy makers highlighting on innovation of new products and services. The promotion should emphasize on the source of coffee plantation in community. That is taste of fresh coffee from its origin. However, the fair distribution of revenue to local residents shall be well-planned for dynamic cooperation and improvement of community economic.
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Nurmaganbetova, M. S., G. R. Dauliyeva, and A. A. Niyazbaeva. "On the Management and Financial Resources Formation of Local Budgets." Statistics and Economics 18, no. 1 (2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2021-1-37-46.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the role and significance of measures for the management of financial resources of local budgets. The objectives of the study include: conducting a theoretical study of management issues and the formation of financial resources of local budgets, studying the financial reports of the regions of Kazakhstan, statistical processing of the data obtained.Materials and methods. In the process of preparing the article, the issues of introducing the fourth level of the budget, on the participation of citizens in budget planning were considered. The authors analyzed the financial reports of the regions for the execution of the 2019 budget. In the process of preparing the materials for the article, the authors used the information of the website of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, analytical statistical materials, and scientific works of scientists of Kazakhstan.The following research methods were used in the work: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization), empirical (observation), statistical analysis, etc.Results. The public financial management system, in particular, has been the subject of large-scale reforms in recent years aimed at strengthening the country’s strategic development potential. In recent years, the orientation of budget planning to results has noticeably improved. The priorities of the “model of socio-economic development of the country” are agreed by the government and put forward by the Ministry of National Economy, and are duly reflected in the annual strategic plan of each ministry. Based on recent reforms, the programs outlined in the strategic plans are broadly aligned with the budget programs of the ministries, and management responsibilities in each province have been clarified.In recent years, important changes have occurred in relation to access to information, an online portal “Open Budgets” was developed, a civil budget was introduced, and centralized guidelines for their preparation were presented.Since 2018, Kazakhstan has introduced a fourth budget level for local governments. 90% of these budgets are formed from taxes and payments by residents themselves. Since January 1, 2020, in the cities of regional significance, villages, settlements and rural districts of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a population of 2,000 people and below, an independent local government budget has been introduced. In 2020, the corporate income tax (CIT) from small and medium-sized businesses as a revenue item was transferred from the republican budget to the local one. Thus, CIT receipts will be credited to the republican budget only from large business entities. Also, the maslikhats (local representative body) of the regions have the right to establish the standard for the distribution of CIT from small and medium-sized businesses between the regional and district budgets.Conclusion. Effective management of budgetary resources in accordance with the current budget policy should be guided by the implementation of the general goals facing the country’s budget system: impact on economic growth and employment, ensuring the economic and political functions of the state.The main priority in planning government revenues and expenditures is the well-being of citizens of Kazakhstan, namely, their social support, health and education, as well as creating conditions for high-quality post-crisis economic growth. Therefore, it is especially important to note the role and importance of measures to manage financial resources of local budgets.
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Voroshilov, Nikolai V., Konstantin A. Zadumkin, and Evgeniy B. Shulepov. "The Program-Target Method in the Development of Rural Territories of the Regions of Russia." REGIONOLOGY 30, no. 3 (2022): 555–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.120.030.202203.555-585.
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Introduction. The adoption in 2019 of the new state program of the Russian Federation “Integrated development of rural territories” determines the relevance of the evaluation of the program-target method in the development of the Russian village (taking into account the specifics of the subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities that differ greatly from each other). The purpose of this article is to identify possible shortcomings and existing problems in the implementation of the state program “Integrated Development of rural areas” as a key tool for the implementation of the program-target method of rural development of the regions of Russia and, based on this, substantiate recommendations to the authorities on improving the measures and tools for the implementation of this method in relation to rural development. Materials and Methods. To achieve the purpose, we have used the methods of economic, statistical, and comparative analysis, generalization and analysis, sociological researches. Information basis consists of Rosstat’s official statistics, as well as reporting documents of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, the results of a questionnaire survey of heads of municipalities of the Vologda region, publications of scientists and experts in journals and on the Internet. Results. The results of the analysis made it possible to identify the key shortcomings of the program and the problems of implementing the state program “Integrated Development of rural territories”, including a reduction in the amount of financial support for this state program for 2020–2025 in comparison with its original passport, imperfection of approaches and criteria for selecting projects for rural development, the problem of lack of qualified personnel for project development and limited powers of local self-government bodies. The specifics of the implementation of this state program within the framework of the proposed typology of the subjects of the Russian Federation according to the level of development of agricultural production and the overall level of their socio-economic development are revealed. The directions of improvement of this state program and approaches, mechanisms of its implementation are substantiated. Discussion and Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it is shown that the mechanism of implementation of the program-target method for the development of rural areas of Russia does not yet allow to provide for their complete and real comprehensive and sustainable development. The materials of the article can be used by federal, regional, and local authorities to improve the approaches and methods of implementing policies for the development of rural areas.
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Odoom, Daniel. "Public Perception on the Level of Effectiveness of Climate Change Communication Channels in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Survey." African Journal of Empirical Research 5, no. 1 (2024): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.1.3.
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Climate change communication remains a vital issue globally in view of the increasing concerns on the adverse impacts of climate change. Using a total of 327 Ghanaians, this research investigated public perception on the level of effectiveness of climate change communication channels in the country. Simple random and convenience sampling methods were employed to select respondents who filled a set of questionnaires. In analyzing the data, cross tabulation, means, standard deviations, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were employed. Though many respondents believed climate change is already harming local communities, they were dissatisfied with the existing institutional, legal and regulatory frameworks for addressing climate change impacts. Also, the respondents believed that local authorities, the media and political officeholders were not actively addressing climate change impacts. Radio, television, and social media platforms were perceived as generally effective climate change communication channels in Ghana. However, respondents were lowly satisfied with the overall level of effectiveness of climate change communication channels in the country. Significant differences existed in the views of respondents on the effectiveness of climate change communication channels used in Ghana based on gender (Z score=-2.022, P<0.5). Similarly, there were significant differences in the views of respondents on the effectiveness of climate change communication channels and their level of education (X2 =23.763, P<0.05). The Ministry of Environment, Science and Innovation should team up with the Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development, and the Ministry of Information to develop a more comprehensive program aimed at promoting behavior and social change towards climate change adaptation and mitigation. The Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies should liaise with community radios to come up with measures to promote the use of climate change communication channels based on the unique demographic characteristics and socio-cultural contexts of target audience.
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Siek, Darith, Sun Emmsethakar, Wen Yu, et al. "Empirical Analysis on Economic Sustainable of Rice Rain-Fed Area in Rural Cambodia." American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 12, no. 3 (2024): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20241203.18.
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This paper investigates the economic sustainability of Cambodian rural rice farmers. Rice in Cambodia is a stable crop just as in many other Southeast Asian countries. The rice plants not only provide food to people but also a source of feed for livestock. Based on survey about of 6 districts of the rural household in Battambang of Cambodia, a total 204 rice farmers were interviewed and multiple regression models was applied using the method of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) to determine the factors affecting the Crop-livestock farmers’ disposable income. The study aggregated the livestock of 3 species including cattle, pig and chicken in cattle unit standard known as Livestock Unit (LU). The result of the empirical analysis shows that many household demography factors as well as the socioeconomic factors influences the disposable income. The findings in the study provide an insight to the government and extension offices on effective development of economic sustainability of rice farming and livestock production system in the regions; investing more in public animal healthcare; ensure stable market prices for both rice and livestock, paying more attention on the factors limiting income in particular to poorer provinces and districts. Provide irrigation facilities accompanied with high technological varieties to encourage the double or even triple rice seasons. In addition, government (especially the ministry of agriculture) should embark on technological transfer among provinces and countries with successful agricultural system, orient farmers on the potential benefits of crop-livestock farming, provide training ground and scheme to local farmers.
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Muda @ Ismail, Farah Laili, Anita Ismail, Mohamad Aizuddin Abdul Aziz, Sumaiyah Abd Aziz, Nur Qamarina Sharom, and Siti Rosilawati Ramlan. "Service Quality of Public Preschool Education in Malaysia: Perceptions of Parents." Sains Insani 3, no. 3 (2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol3no3.69.
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The increasing number of preschools in Malaysia is a good sign of education development in the country. However, certain issues have risen up when each of the preschools offer different types of benefits such as curriculum, ambiance, quality of teachers and facilities that may lead to non-standardised quality of education. This study aims to explore the level of quality of public preschools in Malaysia from parents' perspectives. In Malaysia, there are four different government agencies providing the education that is (1) Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat or Community Development Department (local acronym is KEMAS) under Ministry of Rural and Regional Development, (2) Jabatan Perpaduan Negara or National Unity Department (local acronym is PERPADUAN) under the Ministry of National Unity and Social Integration, (3) Ministry of Education and (4) State Islamic Religion Department. Twelve parents who enrolled their children in public preschools were interviewed and the data were analyzed through content analysis. The result shows there are five main factors that constitute the quality of public preschool education in Malaysia, namely (1) school values, (2) school atmosphere, (3) health and wellbeing, (4) teachers and (5) facilities.Abstrak: Pertambahan jumlah prasekolah merupakan satu petanda yang baik kepada pembangunan pendidikan di Malaysia. Namun beberapa isu mula timbul apabila perbezaan jenis prasekolah ini menawarkan perkhidmatan yang berbeza seperti dari segi kurikulum, suasana pembelajaran, kualiti guru dan kemudahan-kemudahan pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kualiti prasekolah yang disediakan oleh pihak kerajaan dari kaca mata ibubapa. Di Malaysia, terdapat empat agensi kerajaan yang menawarkan sistem pendidikan prasekolah iaitu (1) Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat (KEMAS), (2) Jabatan Perpaduan Negara (PERPADUAN), (3) Kementerian Pelajaran dan (4) Jabatan Agama Islam Negeri. Dua belas orang ibu bapa yang menghantar anak-anak mereka ke prasekolah kerajaan telah ditemubual. Data yang diterima dianalisa menggunakan ‘content analysis’. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat lima faktor utama yang menyumbang kepada kualiti prasekolah iaitu (1) nilai-nilai sekolah, (2) persekitaran sekolah, (3) kesihatan dan kesejahteraan, (4) guru-guru dan (5) kemudahan-kemudahan.
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Maconachie, Roy. "New agricultural frontiers in post-conflict Sierra Leone? Exploring institutional challenges for wetland management in the Eastern Province." Journal of Modern African Studies 46, no. 2 (2008): 235–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x08003212.
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ABSTRACTSierra Leone has recently emerged from a long period of political instability and civil war, and is ranked among the world's poorest countries. Thousands of displaced people are in the process of returning to their villages to rebuild their mainly farming-based livelihoods, and many are growing food crops for the first time in a decade. With pressure on food production increasing in rural areas, the inland valley swamps have been identified by the government as a vital resource for sustaining rural livelihoods and achieving food security through the production of rice and other commodities. However, previous government policies directed at enhanced wetland production have largely failed to achieve their goals, and have been criticised for neglecting the institutional challenges of development. Drawing on recent fieldwork carried out in two rural communities in the Eastern Province, this paper considers how institutional arrangements function in Sierra Leone's swamp wetlands, and explores how stresses associated with a post-conflict environment are shaping land-use decisions and mediating access to resources in new ways. The findings of the enquiry have implications for Sierra Leone's recently adopted commitment to decentralisation, a move that has, in theory, seen the state strengthen its position at the local level, and will allegedly create new spaces for increased interaction between state agencies, traditional leaders and communities. Two institutional challenges are examined – access to land and access to labour – that must be addressed if decentralised reforms to resource management are to be effective for wetland rice production. The analysis concludes by considering one recent initiative at the forefront of efforts to decentralise the Ministry of Agriculture, the ‘Agricultural Business Unit’ (ABU) initiative, to elucidate some of the challenges faced in post-conflict wetland rehabilitation.
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Zinyama, Tawanda. "Participatory Budgeting in Local Authorities: Is E-governance the Missing Link? The Case of Harare City Council." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 2, no. 2 (2012): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v2i2.1988.
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Harare City Council has both “processes” and “outputs” crises. The processes crisis includes waste, red tape, delay, mismanagement and corruption within the local authority. The outputs crisis involves failure to deliver what it should. Quality of service delivery is poor. E-governance contributes to poverty reduction through making communication easier and more affordable by enabling speedy and secure economic transactions. Participation is central to good governance and an important factor for sustainable development. Local authorities are closest to residents and thus in a better post to effectively drive participation. E-governance therefore means e-participation hence connecting residents of different social, academic, political and cultural backgrounds. The research explores the questions: how does e-governance improve service delivery and good governance such as responsiveness, transparency, accountability, effectiveness governance, improved participation, effectiveness and efficiency. The research findings indicate that the relationship between e-governance and participation is positive and strong. The findings are based on Harare City Council activities, analysis of key documents, views of key informant and content analysis. Recommendations proffered include the coming up with a shared e-governance strategy for Harare City Council by the Ministry of Local Government, Urban and Rural Development and Harare City Council. This must result in website creation. Residents’ awareness must be conducted through workshops, seminars and conferences in order to explain the benefits of e-governance. Human development designed to empower residents with basic ICT skills must be embarked upon.
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Ihejirika, Dr J. C. "The Role of Out-of-School Education in Empowerment of Rural Adults in Etche Ethnic Nationality for Community Development." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 2 (2012): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i2.1630.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the roles out-of-school education can play to enhance empowerment of different segments of rural adults in Etche ethnic nationality for community development. The educational history of Etche ethnic nationality reveals a disproportionate emphasis on formal/liberal education at the expense of out-of-school education, the resultant effect of which has been over production of school leavers without practical skills. Consequently, unemployment and poverty manifestations are high and relate to low levels of literacy and lack of vocational skills among the adults and youths. As a matter of fact, this situation demands intervention of out-of-school education which is capable of providing unlimited education opportunities for mobilizing the capacities of various sub-groups of people in Etche ethnic nationality towards rapid transformation of the communities. Based on literature account, this paper submits that out-of-school education has crucial roles to play, whether in providing literacy skills to those who were deprived of formal schooling; or in continuing the education of already literate persons; or still, in providing life and vocational skills to enable rural adults live improved life which can translate to community development. In conclusion, the paper calls for establishment of out-of-school/non-formal education development schemes by Etche and Omuma Local Government Councils to perform for out-of-school education what zonal Schools Board and Ministry of Education do for formal school in Etche ethnic nationality.
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Indartuti, Endang. "Utilization of Village Funds in Improving the Economy of Village Communities." International Journal of Social Science and Business 6, no. 3 (2022): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v6i3.49953.
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The government has a policy in the form of village funds sourced from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) because not all villages have good sources of income (Yudistira et al., 2019). Without government funds, the implementation of village autonomy will not run well. This study aims to analyze whether the government has invested village money in improving the economy of rural communities. This type of research is a literature study using qualitative descriptive and content analysis techniques. In library and qualitative research, data analysis is sufficient with non-statistical analysis in the form of reduction, display, and verification. The results show the utilization of village funds in 2021, where village funds are distributed in two categories, namely Regular and Independent. The category is determined based on the annual assessment results and determined by the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration. The distribution of the 2021 Village Fund in several regions has been delayed. It is due to several administrative problems by the local government and village government. There is an improvement in the 2022 Village Fund allocation policy, which is expected to impact the distribution and utilization process positively. The role of village funds in supporting national economic recovery and handling Covid-19 includes direct cash assistance from village funds, support for Covid-19 handling funds of at least 8% of the allocation of Village Funds, Work-Intensive Village Funds, and stunting management.
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Bloem, Martin W., Abdul Hye, Jonathan Gorstein, et al. "Nutrition Surveillance Bangladesh: A Useful Tool for Policy Planning at the Local and National Levels." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 16, no. 2 (1995): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659501600206.
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As a response to the inability of both governmental and non-governmental organizations to provide vital information during the floods of 1987 and 1988 in Bangladesh, a nutrition surveillance system (the NSP) was established in April 7990. This is a collaborative effort that involves international and indigenous non-governmental organizations and the government of Bangladesh, and is coordinated by Helen Keller International and funded by the US Agency for International Development. During the past three years the NSP has demonstrated an ability to provide regular and dependable information on the prevalence of undernutrition and morbidity in children under five years of age, household socioeconomic characteristics, food prices, and the extent of distress at household and community levels from data collected every two months by NGOs and the government in selected rural districts and urban slums in all regions of the country. The system was established as a bottom-up surveillance system based on NGO-specific teams with a continuous central quality control system to ensure the collection of reliable data. The NSP has proved to be an excellent tool for policy makers from several sectors, involving health, agriculture, and food aid The NGOs use it for the continuous monitoring of their development programmes and to identify mechanisms through which services can be delivered most effectively. Regional-level analyses evaluated the impact of the universal vitamin A capsule distribution programme. After the cyclone of 1991, the NSP demonstrated its flexibility by expanding rapidly to cover affected districts and provide pertinent information to those involved in relief efforts. Most recently, the NSP has provided information on the role of food prices on nutrition status and assisted the Ministry of Food in its decision-making. The model is worthy of consideration for replication in other countries in the world.
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Wargadinata, Ella Lesmanawaty. "ASSESSING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION." International Journal of Kybernology 3, no. 1 (2019): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33701/ijok.v3i1.581.
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Since 2007 Government of Indonesia implementing mass National Community Empowerment Program, well-known as PNPM which is reaches thirty three provinces. This program has become an important development program for national as well as local and regional level across Indonesia. The program using bottom up approaches since it implemented based on fostering local community participation; strengthening local community organization with the ultimate goals is to reduce poverty at local level. The regulation and technical guidance affirmed by ministry and it is running by local community organization. The study goes to examine the research findings that the Indonesia CDD’s program is effective to enhance local participation. It also examines the extent to which research findings used to increase higher public participation on this project since the program focus on small scale infrastructure and mostly it has taken up uniform activity of the program agenda all over the countries. The program basically focus on building basic need infrastructure projects, such as, piping drinking water project, paving small roads at rural or paving narrow ‘labyrinth’ at dense urban area. However, hardly to find innovation program from the local governments since they have no adopted anything remotely near the ‘National Package’. Moreover, the quality of participation is still questionable. This study concludes with a discussion of the limits to evaluation and recommend stragies for promoting forther practice and methods of The Urban-Poverty Project public participation evaluation. Based on the literature study, this paper try to give contribution on an understanding of the successful of project implementation, in turn could be used to formulate future public partcipation project.
 Keywords: Empowerment, Poverty Reduction, Local Participation, Community Driven Development
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Licite-Kurbe, Lasma, and Dana Gintere. "Analysis of Financial Support Instruments for Social Enterprises in Latvia." Rural Sustainability Research 45, no. 340 (2021): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2021-0009.
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Abstract Social enterprises have positive effect on sustainable development, and they have become an important instrument for solving social problems (especially in rural areas), as the national and local governments alone cannot solve all such problems. To foster the development of social entrepreneurship, Latvia has introduced several support instruments for social enterprises, which include tax relief, privileged procurement contracts, grants, as well as non-monetary kinds of support. However, social entrepreneurs often point out that support from the national and local governments is insufficient, while the support instruments stipulated in the Social Enterprise Law are not widely used. Therefore, the aim of the research is to analyse national and local government support instruments for social enterprises in Latvia. The research found that the most important financial instrument fostering the development of social entrepreneurship in Latvia is a grant scheme administered by the Ministry of Welfare and the JSC Development Finance Institution Altum, which is available in the range of EUR 5000 to 200000 for investment and working capital. In the period 2017-2020, 94 social entrepreneurship projects with a total budget of EUR 6 million were supported, which could be viewed as significant financial support. In contrast, immovable property tax relief, exemption from enterprise income tax (on profits) and relief from this tax for several categories of non-business expenses are considered by social entrepreneurs to be an insignificant kind of support. There is also lack of experience and practice regarding the inclusion of social criteria in public procurement in Latvia.
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Agusmidah, Agusmidah, Suria Ningsih, and Erna Herlinda. "Rancangan Peraturan Daerah Bagi Perlindungan Pekerja Rumahan (PR), Formalisasi yang Diragukan." Talenta Conference Series: Local Wisdom, Social, and Arts (LWSA) 1, no. 2 (2018): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/lwsa.v1i2.213.
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Kebutuhan memberi payung hukum bagi pekerja non formal seperti Pekerja Rumahan (PR) masih diperdebatkan, bahkan oleh pemerintah daerah. Ada anggapan mengatur perlindungan PR akan mendistorsi iklim investasi, sehingga harus dilakukan evaluasi Raperda ke Kementerian Dalam Negeri. Aliansi Pekerja Rumahan bersama Bitra dan Akademisi, dan Dinas Tenaga Kerja telah beberapa kali melakukan pertemuan guna menyamakan persepsi tentang konten dari Raperda dimaksud. Tulisan ini disusun berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari lapangan yang penulis ikuti dalam proses pembahasan Raperda di DPRD Provinsi Sumatera Utara tepatnya di Komisi E. Rekaman atas pertemuan dan kegiatan dimaksud direkam kemudian dibuat dalam bentuk transkrip. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan hasil pembicaraan dalam pertemuan-pertemuan resmi tersebut. Peneliti berkesimpulan bahwa tidak adanya respon yang besar dari Komisi E DPRD untuk mensegerakan pembahasan Raperda dalam Badan Legislasi DPRD karena rendahnya pemahaman anggota dewan dan kekuatiran yang berlebihan akan dampak dari formalisasi pekerja rumahan.
 The necessity to provide protection for non-formal workers such as homeworkers is still controverted even by the local government. There is an assumption that the management of the protection of homeworkers will distort investment climate so the Local Government Regulations Plan evaluation must be carried out to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The Homeworkers Alliance with Indonesian Rural Skill Development (Bitra) and Academics and Labor Offices have been holding many conferences in order to equalize the perceptions about the Local Government Regulations Plan. This paper was compiled based on the data obtained by the writer during Local Government Regulation Plan discussion in Regional People’s Representative Assembly (DPRD) in E commission. The conference and the activity were recorded and a transcript was created from the recording. The analysis was conducted based on the discussion result from the conferences. The writer concluded there was no big response from E commission of Regional People’s Representative Assembly (DPRD) due to the low understanding of the assembly member and the exaggerating concern that would give impact to Homeworkers formalization
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Bennett-Stonebanks, Melanie, Christopher Darius Stonebanks, and Thomas Mphande. "Ethics and Action Research in Emancipation-Based Endeavours: Projects of Heart or Projects of Publication?" Canadian Journal of Action Research 20, no. 1 (2019): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33524/cjar.v20i1.447.
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University standards for attaining tenure-track positions, tenure, advancement of rank, and successful periodic evaluation in universities in the Global North primarily center on attainment of research grants and publications. This article considers the ethical implications of these values when action research projects are carried out with impoverished communities in the Global South. Simultaneously, when impoverished communities in the Global South work with Global North universities, they often do so with the experiences of universities and other foreign organizations (religious charities, non-government-organizations, not-for-profits, etc.) having timeframes and funding allocations set to standards of the usual two to five years, along with the knowledge that the “foreign-researcher” will, more than likely, be transient in their lives. Understandably, this relationship of competing needs and dedication will shift moralities of the impoverished community and “local-researcher” given the growing understanding that the foreign-researcher’s commitment is often tied to institutionally required outputs that give them little benefit. This article uses reflexivity to expose the often-challenging experiences of three Action Researchers in different situations as they work on a liberation, emancipation and social-justice based project focusing on Education, Health and Development in a rural region of central Malawi.
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Fui, Lim Hin, Norini Haron, Norshakila Yusof, et al. "Documenting Traditional Forest-Related Knowledge of Medicinal Plants in Malaysia: A Comprehensive Approach." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 3, no. 1 (2015): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v3i1.693.
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Before United Nations Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) 1993, documentation of traditional forest related knowledge on medicinal plants did not consider much the issue of sustainable development and sharing of benefits with knowledge holders. While some academicians obtained their higher degrees from research on local knowledge, the indigenous and local communities providing the knowledge gained little. With the signing of CBD, countries have taken efforts to document the traditional knowledge to achieve CBD’s triple objective on conserving biological diversity, using natural resources sustainably and fairly and equitably sharing benefits deriving from the use of genetic resources. As a party to CBD, Malaysian government implemented a traditional knowledge (TK) documentation project on medicinal and aromatic plants of the aborigines (Orang Asli) in Peninsular Malaysia since 2007. In line with CBD and Malaysia’s National Policy on Biological Diversity (1998), the process of TK documentation among 15 Orang Asli sub-ethnic groups involved a comprehensive approach. A wide range of activities were carried out, namely conducting rapid rural appraisal, holding workshop on awareness raising, obtaining prior informed consent, carrying out socio-economic household survey, capacity building on documentation among the Orang Asli communities, database development, lab analysis of selected potential medicinal plants, developing prototype products and development of benefit sharing mechanism. Malaysia’s comprehensive model of TK documentation has attracted national and world attention. In 2013-2014, FRIM receives funding to conduct TK related R&D and training projects from (a) the Ministry of Agriculture (RM5.56 million), (b) international Islamic Development Bank (US$30,000), (c) United Nations Development Program and Global Environment Fund (US$533,000), and (d) Asia Pacific Association of Forestry Research Institutions (APAFRI) (US$1,500).