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Journal articles on the topic 'Malayalam literature'
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1
Ramakrishnan, E. V. "Translating Difference: Reflections on the Interface between Novelistic Discourse and World Literature." Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 8, no. 1 (June 28, 2024): 016–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202401002.
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The present essay examines two moments from the evolution of the modern Malayalam novel, in relation to the reception of two classics in world literature, namely Victor Hugo’s Les Misérables translated into Malayalam between 1925 and 1927 and García Márquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude translated in 1984. The translation of Hugo’s novel energized the scene of Malayalam fiction by infusing new modes of representation and widening the intellectual horizons of writers in general, and novelists in particular. The echoes of Les Misérables could be heard in Malayalam fiction well into the 1950s. The struggles against colonial and feudal authorities in Kerala, provided a fertile context for the imaginative interpretation of Hugo’s humanist vision. The paper illustrates this point through close readings of critical essays, autobiographical narratives and debates on the nature of translation. The fascination of Malayali readers with García Márquez has resulted in the translation of his entire corpus into Malayalam. Magic realism as pioneered by García Márquez liberated the Malayalam novelistic narrative from social realist and modernist dogmas. The colonial disruption of oral narratives, the consequent cultural amnesia and the struggle to reclaim one’s forgotten past are themes that struck a chord in Malayalam writers of fiction. Through a detailed discussion of the novel, Moustache by S. Hareesh, the interface between novelistic discourse and world literature is mapped in the latter part of the essay.
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S, Kamaraj. "Types and Forms of Folk Songs Tradition in Malayalam Literature." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, no. 1 (December 9, 2021): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt2215.
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The folk songs have been well flourished in Malayalam Literature. The Malayalam folk songs entirely different from the Tamil folk songs. But it is fact that the structure of Malayalam Pattu has been adopted from the Tamil Literature and we could understand that the Tamil structure has been following even today. Folk songs have a special place in Malayalam Literature. Folk songs in Malayalam are categorized into community songs, Worship songs, Professional songs and celebration songs etc. This study has been analysis the Types and forms of folk songs which related to worshiped.
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A, Precilla. "Development of Pattu Literature in Malayalam." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-8 (August 20, 2022): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s857.
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After the ruling of three kings Chera, Chola and Pandiya of the Chera dynasty, the people, small land kings, land lords and many other Political changes are happening. Due to various political interventions Kerala has been identified by various cultural, literature changes. When we search the literature works of ancient times in Kerala, it is noticeable that, they are flourished through the Sangham literature. When we explore the literary development of Kerala from north to south in every time period, various literature and literacy walks has been located. Among that, the effect of Tamil language had been seen directly or indirectly. When we try to investigate the history of Malayalam literature, the growth of poetic approach of literature has been identified into three major segments. They are: 1) Pattu (2) Manipravalam (3) Folk songs. The “Pattu” literature is the account of Tamil poem which are found in respective regional linquistics. Later on, in the 8th century A.D., “Manipravalam songs” that are assorted as a distinct language from the influence of absolutely different forms from both of them, “Folk songs” took place called Vadakkan Pattu and Thekkan Pattu. We can find Proto-Dravidian features in Sangam literature. After that this aspect focuses in folk literature now. The heroic poetry of Tamil folk literature is available in both Tamil Malayalam languages. They are detected in a way that reveal the specialties of the Malayalam and Tamil languages. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze the history of Pattu literature categorization in the Malayalam literature.
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Shaji, Aswani, and Sindhu L. "Morphological Analyzer for Malayalam: A Literature Survey." International Journal of Computer Applications 107, no. 14 (December 18, 2014): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/18821-0231.
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Antherjanam, Sindu. "A Comparative Study of Malayalam Literature and Paintings: Trajectories of Evolution." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.45.3.
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Art and literature are part as well as a reflection of life. Literature and arts help to observe and interpret the world. They can also change the world. Visual arts stand in the forefront of knowledge dissemination. However the significance accorded to literature has never been given to painting. The paper traces how literature has always preceded and given more priority against painting and other visual arts form in the region of Kerala. This also goes with the fact that in discussing the history of arts, rural arts and artists are never discussed sufficiently. This is despite the fact that there is always a closer relationship between alphabets, scripts and paintings of various forms. The paper traces this close relationship to the earlier times when the scripts and written forms essentially evolved from hand drawings and stone carvings in the context of the south Indian language Malayalam. That the scripts and alphabets essentially evolved from those early pictographs should be a useful background to understand the relationship. The paper also marks the historical transitions in the Malayalam alphabets and scripts under various influences.Keywords: Evolution of Malayalam Script, Vamozhi
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Sebastian, Mary Priya, and G. Santhosh Kumar. "Verb Phrases Alignment Technique for English-Malayalam Parallel Corpus in Statistical Machine Translation Special issue on MTIL 2017." Journal of Intelligent Systems 28, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 479–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0066.
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Abstract Machine translation (MT) from English to foreign languages is a fast developing area of research, and various techniques of translation are discussed in the literature. However, translation from English to Malayalam, a Dravidian language, is still in the rising stage, and works in this field have not flourished to a great extent, so far. The main reason of this shortcoming is the non-availability of linguistic resources and translation tools in the Malayalam language. A parallel corpus with alignment is one of such resources that are essential for a machine translator system. This paper focuses on a technique that enables automatic setting up of a verb-aligned parallel corpus by exploring the internal structure of the English and Malayalam language, which in turn facilitates the task of machine translation from English to Malayalam.
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G, Savitha. "Family Relations in the Moral Values Expressed by Dravidian Literature." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-5 (August 25, 2022): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s533.
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Dr. Robert Caldwell learned Tamil when he came to Tamil Nadu to do religious work. In the Dravidian language family, Tamil is known as the classical language. He studied linguistically that Tamilam was the Tramilam and the Tramilam was Dravidian and found that Tamil was the oldest and the first of the Dravidian languages. Knowing that Kannada, Telugu, and Malayalam are like Tamil with grammar and literary dialogues, he wrote a book of a comparative grammar book. In 1856, Caldwell was the first to introduce the term "comparison grammar book of Dravidian languages" or "south Indian family languages" to the world of linguistics. This article explores the trend of moral literature and the literary records of family relations as a literary form in Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, and Malayalam, all the four Dravidian languages.
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Galewicz, Cezary. "Editorship and History Making: On Historicizing Modern Editions of Tiruniḻalmāla." Cracow Indological Studies 23, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/cis.23.2021.01.01.
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In the following essay I am going to comment briefly on the intersection between literary and performative genres that originated in early modern Kerala and to some extent continue till date. More specifically, on their relationship with the rich tradition of representing the past through producing works that follow recognizable patterns of composition and conventions of presentation. This more general consideration shall appear here as a backdrop to a study on contemporary editions of an early Malayalam work named Tiruniḻalmāla. The editions follow the relatively recent discovery of the work in question and its subsequent reinstatement in the history of Malayalam literature. I shall argue that the specific ways this reinstatement was presented by the editors, including a particular place they claimed for this work within the formation processes of Malayalam literature, constitute competing acts of general history writing concerned with the ongoing debate on how should the cultural identity and regional history of Kerala be best represented.
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K.J, Gouthaman. "A Diachronic Hypothesis about Imperfective unnu in Malayalam." Indian Journal of Language and Linguistics 3, no. 4 (October 8, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijll2241.
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Across languages, the imperfective is associated with three distinct readings－“event in progress”, “habitual or generic” and “continuous” with stative predicates. In Malayalam, the suffix unnu had been identified as the imperfective suffix in linguistic literature. However, it has been noted in subsequent studies that the “generic or habitual” reading with unnu is distinctly different from a typical generic reading and that such ‘typical generic’ readings are obtained by the modal um in Malayalam. This has also led to the claim that unnu is not an imperfective marker, but an iterative pluractional bundled with progressive aspect. This paper attempts to deal with this puzzle differently, arguing that unnu is a progressive marker in the process of becoming an imperfective in Malayalam. A description of the properties of unnu-sentences, contrasting them with sentences that use the progressive marker uka and sentences that use the modal/generic marker um, is attempted. The paper also explores the role of uND(ə), the existential copula, in obtaining habitual and episodic readings with unnu. This alternative account for unnu is shown to be supported by opinions of traditional grammarians in history as well as theories of grammaticalization in diachronic semantics. It is also hypothesized that this process is blocked or halted in Malayalam by a suffix devoted to generic constructions and previously unexplored in the literature.
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Nair, B. J. Bipin, Yadhukrishnan S., Akarsh A.M., Nakul S. Anand T, and Pravin Sasikumar. "A Modified Wellner’s based Binarization on Ancient Malayalam Documents." Webology 18, SI05 (October 30, 2021): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si05/web18243.
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Preservation of precious knowledge present in Malayalam literature is a tedious task because of the presence of a huge amount of degradations in historical documents. One way to save these documents is to enhance the Malayalam manuscripts and storing them electronically. Here we are using historical Malayalam documents like poems, agreement copies and palm leaves as experimental dataset. In our proposed work is a novel binarization model which is based on modified Wellner’s algorithm. The degraded input image is converted into an integral image and then a modified version of Wellner’s algorithm is applied to it. This would enable us to enhance the document and further proceed with remaining phases of OCR. In binarization mainly we are focusing on the challenges from degraded documents like Non-uniform Background Illumination, Stains, bleed through etc. In our work we are developing a model which effectively binarizes the degraded Malayalam documents, especially the challenges like oil stain, smudge, and uneven illuminations. Finally, we will be able to validate and check the accuracy of the proposed model effectively. The proposed algorithm yielded an accuracy of 92%.
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P, Jasir M., and Kannan Balakrishnan. "Text-to-Speech Synthesis: Literature Review with an Emphasis on Malayalam Language." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 1–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3501397.
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Text-to-Speech Synthesis (TTS) is an active area of research to generate synthetic speech from underlying text. The identified syllables are uttered with proper duration and prosody characteristics to emulate natural speech. It falls under the category of Natural Language Processing (NLP), which aims to bridge the gap in communication between human and machine. So far as Western languages like English are concerned, the research to produce intelligent and natural synthetic speech has advanced considerably. But in a multilingual state like India, many regional languages viz. Malayalam is underexplored when it comes to NLP. In this article, we try to amalgamate the major research works performed in the area of TTS in English and the prominent Indian languages, with a special emphasis on the South Indian language, Malayalam. This review intends to provide right direction to the research activities in the language, in the area of TTS.
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Kondath, Manju, David Peter Suseelan, and Sumam Mary Idicula. "Extractive summarization of Malayalam documents using latent Dirichlet allocation: An experience." Journal of Intelligent Systems 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2022-0027.
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Abstract Automatic text summarization (ATS) extracts information from a source text and presents it to the user in a condensed form while preserving its primary content. Many text summarization approaches have been investigated in the literature for highly resourced languages. At the same time, ATS is a complicated and challenging task for under-resourced languages like Malayalam. The lack of a standard corpus and enough processing tools are challenges when it comes to language processing. In the absence of a standard corpus, we have developed a dataset consisting of Malayalam news articles. This article proposes an extractive topic modeling-based multi-document text summarization approach for Malayalam news documents. We first cluster the contents based on latent topics identified using the latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling technique. Then by adopting vector space model, the topic vector and sentence vector of the given document are generated. According to the relevant status value, sentences are ranked between the document’s topic and sentence vectors. The summary obtained is optimized for non-redundancy. Evaluation results on Malayalam news articles show that the summary generated by the proposed method is closer to the human-generated summaries than the existing text summarization methods.
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Mohan, Anupama. "Transculturated Shakespeare: Malayalam cinema and new adaptive modes." Indian Theatre Journal 5, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/itj_00017_1.
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Malayalam cinema offers a unique body of work for scholars seeking to understand the heterogenous traditions of Indian engagement with Shakespeare. In this article, after a brief overview of the history of Malayalam reception of Shakespeare generally, I focus on the film adaptations of director Jayaraj (Kaliyāttam / Othello [1997]; Kannaki / Antony and Cleopatra [2002]; and Veeram / Hamlet [2017]). Of particular relevance is Jayaraj’s interest in Shakespeare’s female characters, whom he reshapes by immersing his adaptation in the local practices and idioms of Kerala culture, thus transforming the Shakespearean play-text thoroughly. The article examines the influence especially of kathāprasangam upon Jayaraj to understand what aspects of Shakespeare endure in Jayaraj’s films and what are transformed. By approaching the question of adaptation from the perspective of the emic and the etic, an apparatus made influential by linguist-anthropologist Kenneth Pike in his analysis of a cultural text, I examine why, in Malayalam, cinematic Shakespeares have seen greater commercial and critical success than Shakespeare in translation or literary adaptation. The article seeks to understand this disparity by closely reading some of the recurrent patterns that emerge in Shakespeare transculturated in the two domains of Malayalam literature (including translation) and film.
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SUNNY, Ms ANCY K. "A Novel Approach to Malayalam Speech-to-Text and Text-to-English Translation." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 05 (May 6, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem33108.
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This paper presents a novel approach to facilitate Malayalam speech-to-text transcription and subsequent translation into English text. The proposed system leverages advancements in speech recognition, natural language processing, and machine translation techniques. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a practical implementation and evaluation. Introduction: The ability to accurately transcribe spoken language and translate it into other languages has numerous applications in today's digital world. However, the development of such systems for languages with complex structures, such as Malayalam, presents unique challenges. In this paper, we propose a solution to address these challenges by combining state-of-the-art technologies in speech recognition and machine translation. Literature Review: Previous studies have explored various approaches to speech-to-text transcription and machine translation. However, few have focused specifically on the Malayalam language. Existing systems often struggle with accurately transcribing and translating Malayalam due to its complex morphology and syntax. Methodology: Our approach consists of several key steps: Speech Recognition : We employ the SpeechRecognition library to transcribe spoken Malayalam into text. Text Preprocessing: The transcribed text undergoes preprocessing, including tokenization and normalization, using the IndicNLP library. Translation: The preprocessed text is translated into English using a custom-built translation model implemented with CTranslate2 and SentencePiece. Results: We evaluated our system using a dataset of spoken Malayalam sentences. The system achieved a high accuracy in speech recognition and produced fluent translations into English. Discussion: Our results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach in accurately transcribing and translating spoken Malayalam. However, certain challenges remain, such as handling dialectal variations and improving translation quality for complex sentences. Conclusion: In conclusion, we have presented a novel approach to Malayalam speech-to-text transcription and text-to-English translation. Our system shows promising results and opens up possibilities for further research and development in this area. References: [1] S. K. Sheshadri, B. S. Bharath, A. H. N. S. C. Sarvani, P. R. V. B. Reddy, and D. Gupta, “Unsupervised neural machine translation for english to kannada using pre-trained language model,” pp. 1–5, 2022. [2] A. H. Patil, S. S. Patil, S. M. Patil, and T. P. Nagarhalli, “Real time machine translation system between indian languages,” pp. 1778–1783, 2022.
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Thomas, Sanju. "The Moor for the Malayali Masses: A Study of "Othello" in "Kathaprasangam"." Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance 13, no. 28 (April 22, 2016): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mstap-2016-0008.
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Shakespeare, undoubtedly, has been one of the most important Western influences on Malayalam literature. His works have inspired themes of classical art forms like kathakali and popular art forms like kathaprasangam. A secular story telling art form of Kerala, kathaprasangam is a derivative of the classical art form, harikatha. It was widely used to create an interest in modern Malayalam literature and was often used as a vehicle of social, political propaganda. The story is told by a single narrator who masquerades as the characters, and also dons the mantle of an interpreter and a commentator. Thus, there is immense scope for the artist to rewrite, subvert and manipulate the story. The paper explores V. Sambasivan’s adaptation of Othello in kathaprasangam to bring out the transformation the text undergoes to suit the cultural context, the target audience and the time-frame of the performance. The text undergoes alteration at different levels—from English language to Malayalam, from verse to prose, from high culture to popular art. The paper aims at understanding how a story set in a different time and distant place converses with the essential local milieu through selective suppression, adaptation and appropriation.
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Ann Rose Davis. "Marxist Feminism: An Analysis on Class Structure and Position of Women in Malayalam movie -“Chemmeen”." Creative Launcher 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2021.6.1.10.
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The Malayalam film industry, prominently known as “Mollywood,” is one of the fast-changing faces in Indian cinema. This paper tries to examine one of the Malayalam movies, Chemeen, through the lens of Marxist Feminism. The primary text chosen for the study is the movie, Chemeen, an adaptation of Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai’s novel with the same name. The story revolves around the lives of Karuthamma and Pareekutt, lovers whose life cannot be led together because of the strong influence of caste and class in their society. This is one of the liberal texts in Malayalam Literature narrating the Kerala fishing community’s lives, customs, traditions, and beliefs. The research paper’s primary focus will be on society’s hierarchy through the reflection of Mollywood cinema, the stereotyping of certain characters based on their class and caste, the aftermath of marriage, and the domineering male-centric society female fellowships through deities.
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Pushpavalli, P. "'Nilam Poothu Malarntha Nal' Naavalil Arasa Vazhvum Paanar Edapeyarchiyum." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v7i1.5091.
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The man who lived a nomadic life in the early days of the world established his abode in rich areas and established a stable life. Through his exchange of thoughts and ideas many literatures appeared in the settled areas. Literary exchanges took place in Tamil and Malayalam, which are considered to be the twin children of the Dravidian languages. In that way, there has been a need to explore the displacement elements of Panar and Pulavar life through Manojkurur’s Nilam Poothu Malarntha Naal, a novel written in Malayalam in modern times, focusing on Sangam literature which proclaims the antiquity of Tamil. The hardships that occur when Panars go from town to town to see the kings, the disparity between the Panars and the poets, the lifestyles of the Panars community, and the political background are the reasons for the migration.
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Hameed, Abdullah Abdul. "Mappila literature as a paradigm for countercultures: Reading Moinkutty Vaidyar in context." Performing Islam 8, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 11–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pi_00003_1.
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Abstract Recent studies on Mappila literature revisit Mappila culture in an attempt to understand the 'Mappila Muslim' beyond earlier representations by colonial and nationalist scholarship. Mappila literature is studied as a paradigm for understanding traditions of dissent and resistance by indigenous communities in colonized contexts. This article positions Mappila poet Moinkutty Vaidyar in a lineage of Mappila writings of resistance in Arabic, Arabimalayalam and Malayalam, and studies Vaidyar's works as a continuum of Mappila counterculture while also placing him as a link between two distinct eras in Kerala's literary history through synchronic and diachronic reading of Malayalam literary history. It critically explores the reasons behind marginalization of Mappila literature by mainstream academic studies until the early years of twenty-first century. While considering Moinkutty Vaidyar as a continuum of the Mappila counterculture, this research also presents a case for Vaidyar as an anti-orthodox social reformer, a secular thinker, a successor of the pāttu and bhakti traditions, a harbinger of romanticism and modernism in Kerala's literature and finally as the creative genius who created a new linguistic and literary landscape for Mappila society.
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Ikbal, Eesha Jila. "World Literature in Kerala." Journal of World Literature 7, no. 4 (December 19, 2022): 597–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00704007.
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Abstract Highlighting the local dimension of world literature, this article attempts a re-narrativization of Malayalam literary history through the lens of world literature. It does so by locating four possible materializations or phases of world literature, each marked by a crucial social or political development in the state of Kerala: the British colonial intervention, anti-colonialist sentiment, the phenomenon of the Cold War, and the dissolution of the USSR that followed the Cold War. While employing each of these as discursive categories to shed light on their literary and cultural implications in shaping the idea of “world literature” at different junctures, this article also analyzes the various meanings that “world” and “literature” embodied in the state.
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Hussair, Narghese. "A Comparitive Study of Magical Realism in One Hundred Years of Solitude and the Legends of Khasak." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 7 (July 27, 2020): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i7.10676.
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Macondo like Malgudi, a fictional town created by the Latin American novelist Gabriel Garcia Marquez in his magnum opus One Hundred Years of Solitude with its cosmic spirituality and surreal characters lies deep-hearted in the minds of literary lovers all over the world. But far away from Colombian hills and miles apart from its vast seas lies Vijayan’s Khasak. A fine work of magical realism which changed the trajectory of Malayalam novel that got lost in translation like many other great works of Malayalam literature. This paper attempts to critically analyze both these novels in their socio-cultural and post-colonial perspectives and how they contribute to the genre of magical realism.
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Tiwari, Bhavya. "Ultraminor Literature in a Major Language." Journal of World Literature 2, no. 2 (2017): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00202008.
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Deleuze and Guattari list out three characteristics of a minor literature—it is written in a major language from a marginalized position; its nature is thoroughly political; and it has a collective value. Yet, as this article shows by taking the case of T.S. Pillai’s Malayalam novel Chemmeen (1956) and its various afterlives, world literatures illuminate greater varieties of scale and of characteristics than can readily be covered by a single binary opposition between minor versus major, local versus global, original versus translation, singular versus plural. The concept of ultraminor literature, especially in the South Asian context, thus gives us a chance to engage with an undefined space that archives historical, translational, political, linguistic, idiosyncratic, and aesthetic tales of a text within and outside its tradition.
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Perczel, István. "GARSHUNI MALAYALAM: A WITNESS TO AN EARLY STAGE OF INDIAN CHRISTIAN LITERATURE." Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 263–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/hug-2015-170115.
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Vinayan, Sruthi, and Merin Simi Raj. "The politics of representation and the “ideal Malayalee woman”: Remembering Malayalam women’s magazines of the early 20th-century Kerala, South India." Journal of Postcolonial Writing 55, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449855.2019.1570966.
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Kugle, Scott, and Roxani Eleni Margariti. "Narrating Community: the Qiṣṣat Shakarwatī Farmāḍ and Accounts of Origin in Kerala and around the Indian Ocean." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 60, no. 4 (May 12, 2017): 337–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341430.
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The story of an Indian king’s conversion to Islam by the prophet Muhammad and of the subsequent foundation by Arab Muslims of communities and mosques across the sovereign’s former dominion in Kerala appears in various Arabic and Malayalam literary iterations. The most remarkable among them is theQiṣṣat Shakarwatī Farmāḍ. This legend of community origins is here translated from the Arabic in full for the first time. Historians have dealt with such origin stories by transmitting them at face value, rejecting their historicity, or sifting them for kernels of historical truth. The comparative approach adopted here instead juxtaposes theQiṣṣawith a Malayalam folksong and other Indian Ocean narratives of conversion as related in medieval Arabic travel literature to reveal underlying archetypes of just or enlightened kings as sponsors of community. The legend emerges as a crucial primary source for the constitution and self-definition of Islam in Kerala and for the discursive claims of this community vis-à-vis others.
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P, Pushpavalli. "Panar Society and Migration Theory on the Day the Land Blossomed." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-13 (November 21, 2022): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1325.
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A man who lived a nomadic life later learned to live permanently in one place. He set up his abode in the fertile areas of those places and established a stable life. There were changes in his thinking in the settled area. Many literatures emerged through various exchanges of ideas. Literary exchanges have taken place in Tamil and Malayalam, which are considered to be the twin children of Dravidian languages. In that way, Sangha literature is still proclaiming the antiquity of Tamil. Focusing on such special and unique Sangha literary messages, Manojkurur has created a new literature in Malayalam language called Nilam Bhuthu Melaranda Naan, which is considered as a literary genre that is loved by everyone nowadays. This work has been translated into Tamil by Jayashree, who is considered to be the best translator in modern times. This work is entirely centered on the life of Panars. Exploring the lifestyles of people like Kolumban, Seerai, Chitrai, Maylan etc. belonging to Panar community, and knowing the hardships they face in the context of Panar meeting various kings and Vallals for a day's food. Due to poverty, Kolumban goes to Ezhimalai area and the situation where Kolumban is killed by his son Mylan due to political intrigues of the Panars who are engaged in gambling shows the disgrace of the Panar community. The purpose of this article is to study how poverty creates a killing environment in human society and how economic conditions change one's living conditions. By studying in this way, Panar society can be understood very subtly.
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MUNEER, ARAM KUZHIYAN. "Poetics of Piety: Genre, Self-Fashioning, and the Mappila Lifescape." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 26, no. 3 (September 2, 2015): 423–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186315000462.
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Notwithstanding a recent resurgence of scholarly interest in what one may call “Mappila Studies”—the body of scholarship on the Muslims of Malabar in the Malayalam-speaking South Indian state of Kerala—research on this community still leaves too much to be desired. As for the fate of Mappilaliterary culturewithin this incipient field of study, scholars have either given short shrift to or painted in broad brushstrokes the impressive literary legacy of the Mappila Muslims of Malabar despite its enormous historic/al and socio-cultural value.2That said, even the tiny array of scholarly works, mostly by Malayali scholars, that seeks to treat of Mappila literature has largely approached the subject, I argue, from a provincialised “literary” vantage point, thereby reducing the whole of Mappila narratives to mere aesthetic artifacts having no bearing upon the lives of Mappilas. I call this dominant paradigm of doing Mappila literature “literarisation”—that is, fetishising the “literariness” of text by privileging its formal, stylistic, and aesthetic features over its social tone and life. This view assumes text to be a domain of symbols separable from a domain of practice and disregards the social production of text which cannot be abstracted out from the materialities giving shape to it.3
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Cheerangote, Sayed Saidalavi. "An Analysis of the Outcomes of Language Contacts: with Specials Reference to Arabi-Malayalam." JL3T (Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching) 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jl3t.v8i2.5004.
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Until the 20th century, the AM script was extensively used to teach religious literature and for creative expressions among Mappilas (Muslims in Malabar) in Kerala. Most of the Mappila songs were written in AM script. The literary tradition of Mappila Muslims of Malabar is evident in the AM literature that includes Romantic Ballads, Folk Tales and Battle Songs. AM periodicals had an important role in the social reformation of the Mappilas. Several periodicals were published in AM language to preach the basic tenets of Islam to the commoners and to make them aware of the evil practices and superstitions existed in those days. This study treats AM as a contact language and it aims at isolating the contact induced elements in AM. The empiric foundation of the present study is the extensive data collected from AM literature representating different period and from different genres. The works used for data collection were Mohiyudheen Maala (1607 A D), Nool Maduhu (1737 AD), The Padappattu (War Songs) of Moyeen Kutty Vaidyar (1852AD to 1892 AD), and Chaar Dharwesh (1883 AD). The results of this study indicate that there are various borrowing patterns of grammar that occur in ARABI-MALAYALAM language contacts such as; Coordinating Conjunctions, Number Markers, Adjectives etc.
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BOBAN, RENU ANNA. "PANDEMIC AND LITERATURE: A STUDY ON KAKKANADAN'S VASOORI." ENSEMBLE SP-1, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37948/ensemble-2021-sp1-a012.
Full textAbstract:
The current pandemic situation has completely altered our lives. In this context, it is imperative to look back at the history of human civilization to see how the ancient faced such situations. Works dealing with the horrors of plague have been written in various regional literature across India, the famous being Rabindranath Tagore’s Puraton Bhritto, Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi and U.R Anandamoorthy’s Samskara. The article focuses on a Malayalam novel, Vasoori, written by Kakkanadan (1968) which revolves around the lives of common village folk caught in the jaws of smallpox. The novel focuses on the lived in experience of a community forced to face the disease almost every year. It is enlightening to go through the novel in the current Covid-19 pandemic as it concentrates on the first human reaction to pandemics – fear. By using the motif of smallpox, Vasoori pushes the reader to reflect on the ancestral fear of humans to infectious diseases and how it completely shatters the body’s internal perceptions. Thus reading Vasoori in the current pandemic situation is one way of understanding how the human race dealt with a disease for which there seemed no solution in sight.
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Nair, B. J. Bipin, Gopikrishna Ashok, and N. R. Sreekumar. "Binarization of Ancient Malayalam Documents - A Novel Weight-based Denoising Approach." Webology 18, Special Issue 04 (September 30, 2021): 813–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si04/web18167.
Full textAbstract:
Even though several studies exist on denoising degraded documents, now a days it is a tedious task in the field of document image processing because ancient document may contain several degradations which will be a barrier for reader. Here we use old Malayalam Grantha scripts that contain useful information like the poem titled ‘Njana Stuthi’ and ancient literature. These historical documents are losing content due to heavy degradations such as, ink bleed, fungi-found to be brittleness & show through. In order to remove these kind of degradations, the study is proposing a novel binarization algorithm which remove noises from Grantha scripts as well as notebook images and make the document readable. Here we use 500 datasets of Grantha scripts for experimentation. In our proposed method, binarization is done through a channel based method in which we are converting image in to RGB, further adding weights to make the image darker or brighter followed by morphological operation open and finally passing it RGB and HSV channel for more clarity and clear separation of black text and white background, remaining noise will be removed using adaptive thresholding technique. The proposed method is outperformed with good accuracy.
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Josephine A., Merin, and Dr Cynthia Catherine Michael. "Nature Influencing Characters- An Analysis of the Malayalam Movie Iyobinte Pusthakam." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i3.10946.
Full textAbstract:
Space and place are two complex concepts in literature. These can in turn affect the course of characters, situations and the plot of story. Presently in visual media, especially in movies; a relation between nature and surroundings can be traced. Both nature and surroundings influence each other. Malayalam cinema is going through many different paths which are always open for study. Each movie in it is incomparable in plot, techniques and narration. A relation between surroundings and characters can always be drawn. Keith H. Basso is an important cultural anthropologist who found a noticeable connection between nature and human beings. Nature always creates mystery and wonder. Nature always has a great influence in the human evolution and culture formation. Tagore’s ‘The Religion of Forest’ says the link between forest and ancient Indian culture. In the same essay, Tagore represents the European belief on nature as a war between good and evil. ‘IyobintePustham’ is analysed in both these views. The forest depicted in the movie can be interpreted as a provider and protector to its character. In another sense, it mirrors the goodness and the evils in the mind of characters. Forest is an important archetype in human history and culture.
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Mrs.Deepa Rani. "True glimpses of Southern Sub-Continents of the India." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 8, no. 2 (2024): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2024.v08i02.006.
Full textAbstract:
India is an Integral part of the Asian continent and it is the second largest country in this. Bharath is acknowledges world -wide for its unique peculiarities amalgamated with Tasty food, Good medicine, vast culture, noble literature, Marvelous Building Architecture Adventure. Southern States here are advanced developed fully equipped with sophisticated Technology. People lived in the six regions including Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala and Union Territory Puddichhery, Culture, Tradition, festivals and rituals enjoyed commonly. Languages spoken Telugu, Tamil, Tulu, Malayalam. Religious harmony co- existed as Hindu, Islam, and Christianity etc. Precisely know as Dravidians.
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S, Aruchamy. "A review of the short story collection of Neelamalai." International Research Journal of Tamil 3, S-1 (May 11, 2021): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt21s17.
Full textAbstract:
Review of the collection of short stories 'Neelamalai' written by Malayalam writer Urubu One of the notable writers in the world of Malayalam literature, PC Kuttikrishnan, also known as uhd Urubu, wrote a collection of short stories called 'Neelamalai' by. Kuttikrishna Menon is the whole point of Asha php. ‘Urubu’ is his nickname. Eva was born on June 8, 1915 in Ponnani, Kozhikode district. Evangel, Short Story, Drama, Poetry, as has given reassurance to all departments. MP Milk Award. Government of Kerala Award for Best Screenplay. Sahitya Akademi Award. The teacher sometimes lived in the Nilgiris and Wayanad hills, Short story Ava has said. There are a total of 6 short stories in this collection. The titles are set in relation to the central theme of the story. As the stories are centered on the Nilgiris and Wayanad, the technique of setting the beginning of the story with descriptions of places is used in all the stories. The characters in these stories are mostly hill people. Mountain races like Thotawa, Vaduga are shown. On a small scale vulgaris, gpw are shown as human beings. The hill tribesmen who come in male roles are hard workers. He has a hard working body and an owl mind that does not know the outside world. The women who come as female characters are innocent who do not know the outside world. So that he is deceived by others and, cannot break the rules. The characters, who are vulgar and, civilized, plunder the labor and life of the hill people. Pure Malayalam language is used in the stories. The vernacular is also used in the conversation of the hill tribes. vadugha language. Since the stories become the author's experience, it seems to be the best strategy to have the stories set by the teacher. The story is set in the Nilgiris, Wayanad hills, their biographical background, language, culture, customs, etc. The technique used in the stories is good. Having the meaning of the words in their own language helps the reader to understand the story.
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Manickam, T., and K. Nagarathinam. "The Representation of Unattainable Love in T.S Pillai’s Chemmeen." Shanlax International Journal of English 10, S1-Jan (January 1, 2022): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4734.
Full textAbstract:
This paper clearly focuses on The Representation of Unattainable love in T.S Pillai’s Chemmeen. Chemmeen is one of the celebrated works in Indian Literature. He is known as Malayalam novelist and Short story writer. His novels and short stories mostly focused on oppressed classes of Kerala in the mid twentieth century. Chemmeen is translated by Anita Nair from Malayalam into English in 2011. The author portrays Karuthamma and Pareekutty as lovers in the novel. The pitiable lovers of the novel are playing a vital role in the novel. They struggle a lot to express their love each other. They don’t even express their love through words but through eyes, they speak a lot. The lovers love to speak and spend time with one another. Both of them are unable to reach the destination of marriage. The tradition, customs and society are the major reasons of the unattainable love of Karuthamma and Pareekutty. They are unable to hide their love from one another when problem occurs. The author clearly presents happiness and pain of the lovers. Further, the writer describes their suffering in life without their loved one. The protagonist belongs to the fisher community. Her lover is known as Muslim trader. As per the customs of fisher community, a fisher woman should not maintain a relationship with a man belonging to another community.
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Urbańska, Hanna. "The Concept of Kuṇḍalinī in Śiva Śatakam: A Malayalam Work by Nārāyaṇa Guru." Studia Religiologica 53, no. 2 (2020): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844077sr.20.009.12512.
Full textAbstract:
In the present paper an attempt will be made toward interpreting selected stanzas from the work of Nārāyaṇa Guru (1854–1928), a mystic and social reformer from Kerala. In his Malayalam work the Kuṇḍalinī Pāṭṭŭ (The Song of the Kundalini Snake), Guru depicted an ancient yogic concept of Kuṇḍalinī, a coiled power residing in the state of sleep within the subtle energy centre (mūlādhāra) situated at the base of the central body channel (suṣumnā). The very same concept appears in many other works by Nārāyaṇa Guru, including Śiva Śatakam (One Hundred Stanzas on Śiva). An analysis of these stanzas in the light of the Siddha tradition (Tirumandiram by Tirumūlar) reveals that not only has the Kuṇḍalinī concept been borrowed from the Dravidian literature, Nārāyaṇan introduces the Tamil Siddhas’style of description of mystic experiences to his philosophical works, using metaphorical-twilight language which excludes the possibility of univocal interpretation.
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Urbańska, Hanna. "The Concept of Kuṇḍalinī in Śiva Śatakam: A Malayalam Work by Nārāyaṇa Guru." Studia Religiologica 53, no. 2 (2020): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844077sr.20.009.12512.
Full textAbstract:
In the present paper an attempt will be made toward interpreting selected stanzas from the work of Nārāyaṇa Guru (1854–1928), a mystic and social reformer from Kerala. In his Malayalam work the Kuṇḍalinī Pāṭṭŭ (The Song of the Kundalini Snake), Guru depicted an ancient yogic concept of Kuṇḍalinī, a coiled power residing in the state of sleep within the subtle energy centre (mūlādhāra) situated at the base of the central body channel (suṣumnā). The very same concept appears in many other works by Nārāyaṇa Guru, including Śiva Śatakam (One Hundred Stanzas on Śiva). An analysis of these stanzas in the light of the Siddha tradition (Tirumandiram by Tirumūlar) reveals that not only has the Kuṇḍalinī concept been borrowed from the Dravidian literature, Nārāyaṇan introduces the Tamil Siddhas’style of description of mystic experiences to his philosophical works, using metaphorical-twilight language which excludes the possibility of univocal interpretation.
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Sugandha Agnihotri. "Sexual Anarchy Versus Sexual Tranquility- An Insight in the Select Works of Kamala Das." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, S6 (November 19, 2023): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44is6.1944.
Full textAbstract:
Anglo-Indian Literature is written by Englishmen who are interested in Indian themes and subjects. Indo-Anglian literature and Indian English literature are closely related. Indo-Anglian literature frequently addresses social and domestic themes. It's an English-language genre created by Indian writers. There is a distinction between Indo-Anglian and Anglo-Indian literature. A few contemporary genius authors, like Mulk Raj Anand, R. K. Narayan, Kamala Das, Raja Rao, and Nirad Chaudhuri, are accountable for giving Indo-Anglian literature its specific label, standing, and renown even if it is separate from Anglo-Indian literature. It has been acknowledged that Kamala Das was a pivotal person and voice of her contemporary era. She distinguished and emphasized the Indian identity, setting an example for others to follow rather than copying the techniques of the English modernists. Her poetry is impassioned, energizing, and breaks from the past. Acclaimed for being the most candid and controversial writer, she rose to prominence as the "Voice of Women's Sexuality." Before converting to Islam, she wrote in English under the pen name Kamala Das and published in Malayalam under the pseudonym Madhavikutty. Her bad sexual relationship with her husband, Madhava Das, has been openly discussed, and it is mostly to blame for her notoriety in Kerala.
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Girish, Urmila, and Nikhil Govind. "Evolving Notions and Experiences of English Studies and Pedagogy in Contemporary India." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 18, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.50.3.
Full textAbstract:
The article highlights how new sub-disciplines such as Malayalam literature are increasingly emerging as the mainstay of Literary studies in India. Though there is a debt to the British model that highlighted the canon from Chaucer to the twenty-first century, it has become increasingly clear that India will have to find its own understanding of what English Studies can best represent for contemporary Indian interests. Innovation will thus have to emerge both in terms of the content and a student-centred pedagogy. Shift in languages, with an increasing interest in gender, caste, visual culture has been an important step. In terms of pedagogy, negotiation between the need for articulations in mother tongue and English as a second language requires pedagogical reflections.
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T.P, Aswathi, and Shreevathsa B.M. "A BOOK REVIEW ON SANTĀNA CHINTĀMANI: COMPREHENSIVE AYURVE-DIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF MOTHER AND CHILD." January 2024 12, no. 01 (January 15, 2024): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj3312012024.
Full textAbstract:
The rich reserve of literature is the sailing force that allows Ayurvedic Science to exist and flourish as a comprehensive life science. Ayurveda aims to provide both preventive and curative health care. With the developments in the contemporary health system, the world eagerly looks forward to the revisions and advances in Ayurveda. Among the health services provided by Ayurveda, preventive care and lifestyle modifications hold extreme demand in society. Even though science possesses oceans of literature in various regional languages, the applicational and practical utility of this wealth of knowledge still needs to be revised. The body of identification, preservation, critical edition, and translation of literature belonging to various regional languages should be brought into the mainstream with grave concern for the betterment and glorious spread of Ayurveda. The current work is a humble effort to contribute to the knowledge bank of Ayurveda, in which a Malayalam book named Santāna Chintāmani regarding the comprehensive care of mother and child with significant influence of traditional practices in the northern part of Kerala is reviewed, and unique ideas and practices in the same were highlighted.
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Elizabeth, K. Mary. "Performing the Elements in Indian Eco-Theatre: Deepan Sivaraman’s The Legends of Khasak." Modern Drama 64, no. 2 (June 2021): 218–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.64.2.1115.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers The Legends of Khasak, a Malayalam play by Deepan Sivaraman, as a landmark Indian eco-theatrical production. I argue for the play as an important development in a nascent Indian eco-theatre, telling an ecologically significant tale about the relationship between humans and nature through performative and scenographic innovations that transform the theatrical space into a sacred grove, a place of deep significance in terms of ecological balance. This essay elaborates on how the play celebrates the pancha bhutas, the five elements of nature, by displaying their agency and invoking the pancha indriyas, or the five pathways of human perception, and thereby awakening an awareness of our status as ecological beings enmeshed in the non-human world. In The Legends of Khasak, Sivaraman has evolved an eco-material aesthetics of performance that, influenced by traditional folk performance forms and rituals and post-independence syncretic theatre, makes a lasting contribution to the development of an Indian eco-drama.
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Palmer, Ítaca, and Mar Campos F.-Fígares. "Adivinanzas en el aula de ele: literatura oral, patrimonio e innovación educativa / Riddles in the SFL class: oral literature, heritage and educational innovation." TEJUELO. Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura. Educación 30 (March 28, 2019): 289–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.17398/1988-8430.30.316.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to address the Teaching of Spanish as a
Foreign Language (TSFL) through the use of short traditional or popular
texts. These are closer in character to spoken language, thus providing
an opportunity to implement a competence-based approach to learning -namely through communicative competence, which is at the centre of
standard syllabi today. These popular texts are presented here as a tool
for teaching cultural heritage as well as being an optimal base for
creative writing workshops. All of which is carried out through the use
of new classroom technologies and other, similar texts with which to
create an educational audiovisual catalogue for the classroom and/or the
school.
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Detectar idioma
Afrikáans
Albanés
Alemán
Amhárico
Árabe
Armenio
Azerí
Bengalí
Bielorruso
Birmano
Bosnio
Búlgaro
Camboyano
Canarés
Catalán
Cebuano
Checo
Chichewa
Chino simp
Chino trad
Cincalés
Coreano
Corso
Criollo haitiano
Croata
Danés
Eslovaco
Esloveno
Español
Esperanto
Estonio
Euskera
Finlandés
Francés
Frisio
Gaélico escocés
Galés
Gallego
Georgiano
Griego
Gujarati
Hausa
Hawaiano
Hebreo
Hindi
Hmong
Holandés
Húngaro
Igbo
Indonesio
Inglés
Irlandés
Islandés
Italiano
Japonés
Javanés
Kazajo
Kirguís
Kurdo
Lao
Latín
Letón
Lituano
Luxemburgués
Macedonio
Malayalam
Malayo
Malgache
Maltés
Maorí
Maratí
Mongol
Nepalí
Noruego
Panyabí
Pastún
Persa
Polaco
Portugués
Rumano
Ruso
Samoano
Serbio
Sesoto
Shona
Sindhi
Somalí
Suajili
Sueco
Sundanés
Tagalo
Tailandés
Tamil
Tayiko
Telugu
Turco
Ucraniano
Urdu
Uzbeco
Vietnamita
Xhosa
Yidis
Yoruba
Zulú
Afrikáans
Albanés
Alemán
Amhárico
Árabe
Armenio
Azerí
Bengalí
Bielorruso
Birmano
Bosnio
Búlgaro
Camboyano
Canarés
Catalán
Cebuano
Checo
Chichewa
Chino simp
Chino trad
Cincalés
Coreano
Corso
Criollo haitiano
Croata
Danés
Eslovaco
Esloveno
Español
Esperanto
Estonio
Euskera
Finlandés
Francés
Frisio
Gaélico escocés
Galés
Gallego
Georgiano
Griego
Gujarati
Hausa
Hawaiano
Hebreo
Hindi
Hmong
Holandés
Húngaro
Igbo
Indonesio
Inglés
Irlandés
Islandés
Italiano
Japonés
Javanés
Kazajo
Kirguís
Kurdo
Lao
Latín
Letón
Lituano
Luxemburgués
Macedonio
Malayalam
Malayo
Malgache
Maltés
Maorí
Maratí
Mongol
Nepalí
Noruego
Panyabí
Pastún
Persa
Polaco
Portugués
Rumano
Ruso
Samoano
Serbio
Sesoto
Shona
Sindhi
Somalí
Suajili
Sueco
Sundanés
Tagalo
Tailandés
Tamil
Tayiko
Telugu
Turco
Ucraniano
Urdu
Uzbeco
Vietnamita
Xhosa
Yidis
Yoruba
Zulú
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41
Sarma, S. A. S. "Venerating Vēṭṭaykkorumakan (Son of Śiva and Pārvatī) through Ritual Arts." Cracow Indological Studies 20, no. 1 (September 30, 2018): 223–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/cis.20.2018.01.09.
Full textAbstract:
Vēṭṭaykkorumakan is considered to be the son of Śiva and Pārvatī, born when they had assumed the form of a hunter and huntress. Although Vēṭṭaykkorumakan is considered as an incarnation, according to the narratives that are written in the local vernacular Malayalam, and known in the Malabar area of Kerala, he is considered to be only a hero too. Beside the tantric rituals that are usually performed for the deities, Vēṭṭaykkorumakan is venerated through two distinct rituals in Kerala, namely the Kaḷameḻuttuṃ Pāṭṭuṃ ritual in the southern part of Kerala, and the Teyyam ritual in northern Kerala. This article will discuss these two rituals in detail to examine how they are closely linked with theatre. Traces of the story of Śiva and Pārvatī assuming the form of a hunter and huntress in the Mahābhārata, and its influence in Sanskrit Literature and on other art forms, are briefly discussed also.
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Zysk, Kenneth G., and Tsutomu Yamashita. "Sanskrit Medical Scholasticism —Jajjaṭa’s Nirantarapadavyākhyā and Other Commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā, Cikitsāsthāna 2.1—." eJournal of Indian Medicine 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5c3f01174756c.
Full textAbstract:
The Nirantarapadavyākhyā by Jajjaṭa (or Jejjaṭa) is one of the earliest and,therefore, one of the most important commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā. Thiscommentary is incomplete, but sufficient portions survive to allow a study ofthe earliest form of medical commentary in India. The extant portions of thiscommentary are large sections of the Cikitsāsthāna and part of the Kalpasthānaand Siddhisthāna. The text of Nirantarapadavyākhyā by Jajjaṭa has never beencritically edited. In this paper, we present a text-critical edition and translationof the Nirantarapadavyākhyā on the Carakasaṃhitā, Cikitsāsthāna Chapter 2,Quarter 1 (CaCi 2.1) based on several copies of a lost palm-leaf manuscriptin Malayalam script and the printed edition by Haridatta Śāstrin publishedin 1941. In order to follow the intellectual development of potency-therapy(vājīkaraṇa) in the Sanskrit medical literature, the remaining three extant majorcommentaries are also translated from the existing printed editions. These threecommentaries are Cakrapāṇidatta’s Āyurvedadīpikā in the eleventh century,Gaṅgādhara’s Jalpakalpataru in the mid-nineteenth century, and YogīndranāthSen’s Carakopaskāra in the early-twentieth century.
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Panjikaran, Lloyd Devassy, and Aju Mathew. "Using effective web-based tools to address cancer health care disparities." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.7_suppl.76.
Full textAbstract:
76 Background: Most of the World’s cancer patients live in non-English speaking world. However, there is a lack of authentic web-based cancer informational tools in non-English language, especially in low and middle-income countries. With increasing access to internet, there is an emergent need to democratize health information in native languages. The senior author was sensitive to this unmet need and created a comprehensive cancer website in Malayalam, a language spoken by more than 35 million people (www.keralacancercare.com). We describe the steps in creating the web resource and provide data on its use across various web and social media platforms. Methods: The senior author produced educational video sessions and cancer literature in Malayalam language. The website had three main sections – cancer basics, cancer A-Z and cancer FAQs. Cancer basics section contained sections on various basic cancer information such as types of malignancies, definitions, staging, symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic tests and screening. It also included sections on various treatment modalities, treatment side effects and information on cancer risk reduction, genetics and prevention. Cancer A-Z section contained instructional videos on major cancers. Cancer FAQs addressed common cancer myths and questions. A social media profile along with contact information through email service was also launched. The total cost incurred for development of such a web-based tool with presence on social media was less than USD 1500. Results: Since the launch of the web resource in May 2017, the website has now been accessed by more than 5000 unique visitors from 84 countries. More than 50 cancer related questions have been addressed since the launch. The web views of some of the brief informational videos such as ‘how to reduce risk for cancer’ has been viewed more than 150,000 times in social media pages. Conclusions: Creating authentic cancer informational web-based tools will have an immediate impact on addressing cancer healthcare disparities around the world. National and regional cancer societies must foster and encourage creation of novel healthcare informational tools that can truly democratize and empower people.
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PARAMESWARAN, AMEET. "Zooësis and ‘Becoming with’ in India: The ‘Figure’ of Elephant inSahyande Makan: The Elephant Project." Theatre Research International 39, no. 1 (February 10, 2014): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883313000515.
Full textAbstract:
I analyseSahyande Makan: The Elephant Project(2008), a cross-cultural theatrical production in Malayalam and Japanese by the Kerala-based group Theatre Roots and Wings, as an instance of ‘zooësis’. The performance presents the state of an elephant in the space of a Kerala temple festival ritual,pooram. The elephant moves into a fantasy of the wild as it is under the physiological condition of musth. Approaching the question of the performing animal as intersectional, this performance challenges anthropocentrism and its assumed binary of human/animal, and draws a possible relation between domestic and wild, or the world of norms and freedom, both for elephants and for humans. I argue that by taking embodiment as the site of exploring discipline as well as imagining a freeing, and by positing an alternate way of ‘being worldly’ through affect and senses, the performance articulates what Donna Haraway has posited as the process of ‘becoming with’.
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R, Chandrabose. "Inner Spirit of Sree Narayana Guru’s Poetry." Indian Journal of Multilingual Research and Development 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijmrd2112.
Full textAbstract:
Sree Narayana Guru’s (1855-1928) position among the renaissance leaders of Modern Kerala is well established. The visions of the Guru, who guided the people trapped in slavery and ignorance to compassion and liberation, were in a sense the corner stones of humanity. At the same time Sree Narayana Guru was a spiritual leader, social reformer, philosopher and poet. Guru’s active work was form the revolution at Aruvippuram in 1888, which dedicated the temple to the untouchables. As a result of the spiritual and worldly activities of Guru, Kerala has become a model state in India. It is no exaggeration to say that Guru’s action plan for transformation in the fields of customs, belief, thought, education, culture, employment and industry have made Kerala a modern society. Guru’s influence on the renaissance of Malayalam Literature as well as on the Kerala renaissance is acknowledged. But the contributions of Guru, as a poet has not been adequately evaluated. here is an explanation of the magnetic force of Guru’s poem, that unleashed the socio-political structure and world consciousness.
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Gamliel, Ophira. "Back from Shingly: Revisiting the premodern history of Jews in Kerala." Indian Economic & Social History Review 55, no. 1 (January 2018): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464617745926.
Full textAbstract:
Jewish history in Kerala is based on sources mainly from the colonial period onward and mostly in European languages, failing to account for the premodern history of Jews in Kerala. These early modern sources are based on oral traditions of Paradeśi Jews in Cochin, who view the majority of Kerala Jews as inferior. Consequently, the premodern history of Kerala Jews remains untold, despite the existence of premodern sources that undermine unsupported notions about the premodern history of Kerala Jews—a Jewish ‘ur-settlement’ called Shingly in Kodungallur and a centuries-old isolation from world Jewry. This article reconstructs Jewish history in premodern Kerala solely based on premodern travelogues and literature on the one hand and on historical documents in Old Malayalam, Hebrew and Judeo-Arabic on the other hand. Sources of the early modern period are then examined for tracing the origins of the Shingly myth, arguing that the incorporation of the Shingly legend into the historiography of Kerala Jews was affected by contacts with European Jews in the Age of Discoveries rather than being a reflection of historical events.
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Kumminimana, Rahul, Anuradha S, and Hamza Mullath. "Effect of Formal Education on Initial Severity of Aphasia - A Retrospective Analysis." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 14, no. 6 (June 8, 2024): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240613.
Full textAbstract:
Literature supports the education levels of an individual is important for language performance. Cognitive reserve within individuals can be explained on the basis of years of education, occupational achievements, reading habits and lifestyle of an individual. This retrospective study is a preliminary attempt to determine relationship between premorbid educational level and initial aphasia severity. For this purpose, thirty-two Malayalam speaking individuals with aphasia with a maximum post stroke period of three months having three levels of educational qualifications, below and above tenth grade and under graduates were selected. Detailed speech and language assessment were carried out using formal assessment tool. The severity of language impairment was determined by calculating Aphasia quotient. One way ANOVA was used to determine statistical significance. Although, subjects had similarities in pattern of Cerebrovascular accidents severity of aphasia varies. The subjects with lower Aphasia Quotient are present in all groups, illustrating that there is less corelation between the subjects' educational attainment and the severity of their communication problems. Key words: Aphasia, Formal education, Aphasia Quotient
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CANNING, CHARLOTTE. "Editorial: The Importance of the Astonished Eye." Theatre Research International 39, no. 1 (February 10, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883313000503.
Full textAbstract:
The four articles in this first issue of 2014 could not have, at first glance, less in common. The first piece, ‘Zooësis and “Becoming with” in India: The “Figure” of Elephant in Sahyande Makan: The Elephant Project’ by Ameet Parameswaran, examines the theatrical adaptation of a 1944 Malayalam poem by the company Theatre Roots and Wings. In ‘The Dynamics of Space and Resistance in Muhammad ‘Azīz's Tahrir Square: The Revolution of the People and the Genius of the Place’, Salwa Rashad Amin discusses the importance of ‘Azīz's play in the context of Egypt's recent and historical revolutions. Ketu Katrak takes up the performance of affect and its implication for social justice in ‘“Stripping Women of Their Wombs”: Active Witnessing of Performances of Violence’. Finally, Katia Arfara explores the work of a performance artist in terms of early twentieth-century precedents for European performance art, ‘Denaturalizing Time: On Kris Verdonck's Performative Installation End’. Theatre Research International readers will find much of value in each article, and they represent the kind of broad international focus our journal endeavours to provide.
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NAHON, PETER. "Two Judeo-Spanish ‘Marrano’ hymns in the liturgy of the Jews of Cochin." Journal of Jewish Studies 75, no. 1 (April 3, 2024): 116–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jjs.2024.75.1.116.
Full textAbstract:
The liturgy of the Jews of Cochin, Kerala, is extant in several manuscripts, the oldest dating back to the end of the seventeenth century. Among the Hebrew pieces, we find two compositions in Old Spanish written in Hebrew characters, Alto dio de Abraham and Todos kiriados . Here we provide for the first time an edition of these texts (from MS. Roth 33 of the Brotherton Library, University of Leeds and MS. Or. 2242 of the Cambridge University Library). A philological analysis reveals that these two texts – a supplication paraphrasing Psalm 121 and a translation of a medieval Hebrew pizmon, Kol bĕruʾe – are orally transmitted versions of prayers belonging to the liturgy of the Hispano-Portuguese New Christians. A comparison with their European counterparts and the study of the linguistic peculiarities of these Indian versions show influences from Portuguese and Malayalam. In the context of the history of Jewish and Marrano migrations to the Malabar Coast, these texts represent an important vestige of a Judeo-Iberian heritage within Indian Jewish culture.
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Parandhama, Aruna, and Hutulu Dasai. "Rahul Soni (Ed.), Valli: A Novel. Sheela Tomy, Translated by Jayasree Kalathil, India: Harper Perennial India, 2022. 407 pp. ISBN: 9789356290167." Southeast Asian Review of English 60, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sare.vol60no2.13.
Full textAbstract:
The debut book of Malayalam author Sheela Tomy, Valli: A Novel, was shortlisted for the JCB Prize for Literature in 2022 and is a contribution to the expanding body of Indian eco-fiction. Jayasree Kalathil translated the book into English. Valli is similar to other eco-fictional works from the South-Western region of India by authors like Na D'Souza's Dweepa: Island (2013), Pundalik Naik's The Upheaval (2002), and Akkineni Kutumbarao's Softly Dies a Lake (2020) in that it treats the land as a living entity throbbing with life. The hardships of rural communities, steeped in tradition, mythology, and unwritten norms governing how they should handle the environment as they attempt to navigate the hurdles of modernization, are central to all of these stories. However, Tomy takes her poetic and artistic descriptions of the landscape a step further by utilising the literary device of pathetic fallacy throughout the book. The author alludes to the Wayanadan people's spiritual interconnectedness to and dependency on the land by foregrounding the hamlet of Kalluvayal, the river Kabani, and the flora and fauna of Wayanad before she speaks about its residents and their worries.