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Journal articles on the topic 'Male friendship in literature'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 March 2023

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1

Langlands, Rebecca. "Latin Literature." Greece and Rome 60, no. 2 (September 16, 2013): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383513000132.

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Among this latest batch of books to review are a number whose endeavour, very much to my own taste, is intellectual and cultural history through the study of Latin literature. Cream of the crop is Craig Williams’ study of Roman friendship. Admirers of Williams’ excellent Roman Homosexuality, recently reissued in second edition, will recognize the approach; this is a theoretically informed and meticulously argued work of cultural history that also shows fine appreciation of philological, linguistic, and literary issues. In Chapter 1 (Men and Women), Williams has a simple and compelling point to make: basing their idealization of friendship on our male-authored ancient literary texts (Cicero's De amicitia, Seneca's Letters), the great thinkers of Western civilization have asserted that ideal friendship is a man's game, and even that women are by and large incapable of real friendship, at the very least being excluded from the most interesting parts of friendship's history. As Williams shows, the epigraphic evidence tells a different story; here we can gain a new appreciation of friendships between women, and indeed between men and women. In its divergence from the well-trodden literary tradition, the epigraphic material opens up new ways of understanding the ancient world, but it can also be used to bring a fresh perspective to familiar literary texts, especially when one is as open-minded and attentive to linguistic nuance as Williams. Chapter 2 explores some of the key conceptual issues and themes related to the (vexed) distinction between amor and amicitia, and then in Chapter 3 Williams turns to the close reading of particular Latin texts, bringing his new interpretative framework to Catullus, Horace, Virgil, and Propertius, Petronius’ Satyricon, and the letters of Cicero and of Fronto. The fourth and final chapter, ‘Friendship and the Grave’, turns again to the epigraphic evidence, and funerary inscriptions in particular, where friends are shown to play an important role in the commemoration of the dead, usually associated in the Western tradition with close family. Williams’ work showcases Classics as a vitally and productively interdisciplinary academic subject, where significant new readings can be achieved with the right methodologies and approach. He has some big claims to make about Roman society, of which ancient historians will certainly want to take note, but his fresh analysis of familiar literary texts is also highly illuminating and the book has many smaller-scale insights to offer as well.

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2

Bush, Harold K. "Mark Twain and Male Friendship: The Twichell, Howells, and Rogers Friendships." Mark Twain Annual 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41582286.

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3

Bush, Harold K. "Mark Twain and Male Friendship: The Twichell, Howells, and Rogers Friendships." Mark Twain Annual 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/marktwaij.8.2010.0122.

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4

Saunders, Pamela. "FRIENDSHIP IS IN THE DETAILS: CO-CONSTRUCTION OF RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA IN LONG-TERM CARE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1223.

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Abstract Friendships have been linked to psychological and emotional wellbeing and better physical functioning in older adults. Conversely, negative consequences (e.g., depression) are associated with losing friendships and shrinking social networks. While cognitive decline might be a limiting factor for persons with dementia (PWD) to establish friendships, this has not been proven in the literature. This paper reports on 20 interactions between PWD collected during the Friendship Study (de Medeiros et al. 2011), an ethnographic study of friendship in long-term care (LTC). Participants are male and female residents in an LTC community. Diagnoses range from mild to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Conversational interactions were transcribed and coded for linguistic and discursive devices signaling friendly interactions. Findings reveal that friendships are co-constructed by PWD using 4 primary linguistic discursive devices, including topic (meals, religion, medication, furniture, directions, baking), co-constructed narrative, repetition, and alignment. Implications for future research on friendship among PWD are discussed.

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5

Utell, Janine, Sarah Cole, and Melba Cuddy-Keane. "Modernism, Male Friendship, and the First World War." Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association 37, no. 2 (2004): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4144712.

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6

Schleiner, Louise. "Pastoral male friendship and Miltonic marriage: Textual systems transposed." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 2, no. 1 (July 1990): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436929008580044.

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7

Lim, Emily, Changmin Peng, and Jeffrey Burr. "Volunteering and Friendship in Later Life: Does Gender Moderate the Relationship?" Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1341.

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Abstract Friendship, which is an essential part of social life and beneficial to individuals’ well-being, plays a crucial role in maintaining social connectedness in late life. Volunteering is an avenue for older adults to stay socially engaged, and also provides older adults the opportunity to meet and make new friends. A limited literature suggests that volunteering may be associated with friendship, but many studies are limited by reliance on small, non-probability samples and overly simplistic analytic approaches. The literature is also unclear with respect to how volunteering behaviors relate to specific characteristics of friendships and whether there are gender differences underlying these relationships. Using the 2014 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (N=5,306), this study investigates the association between volunteering characteristics (i.e., volunteer status and hours) and friendship characteristics (i.e., the number of close friends, friendship quality, and contact frequency) among community-dwelling older adults. We also examine whether gender moderated these relationships. Results from linear regression analyses indicate that volunteer status and the number of volunteer hours were positively associated with each dimension of friendship. Also, the positive association between volunteering at 1–99 hours, 100–199 hours, and 200 hours or more and number of close friends, friendship quality, and contact frequency were stronger for older women than for older men. Findings demonstrated that volunteering is integral in shaping late-life friendships. The differential benefits of volunteering between older men and women also suggest that volunteering might be more critical for older women’s friendships.

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Lim, Emily, Changmin Peng, and Jeffrey Burr. "Building Friendships Through Volunteering in Late Life: Does Gender Moderate the Relationship?" Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2196.

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Abstract Friendship plays a crucial role in maintaining social connectedness in late life. Volunteering helps older adults to stay socially engaged and often times provides the opportunity to meet and make new friends. A small literature suggests that volunteering may be associated with friendship, but many studies are limited by reliance on small, non-probability samples and simplistic analytic approaches. The literature is also unclear on how volunteering behaviors relate to specific characteristics of friendships and whether there are gender differences that condition these relationships. Using the 2014 and 2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (N=1,638 ), we investigate whether volunteer status and hours volunteered in 2014 are associated with friendship characteristics in 2018 (i.e., number of close friends, friendship quality, and contact frequency) among community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and above (M=65.60 years old, SD=8.31). We also examine whether gender moderated these relationships. Volunteer status and hours in 2014 were positively associated with the number of close friends and contact frequency in 2018. Only those who volunteered 200 hours or more in 2014 were positively associated with friendship quality in 2018. Regarding gender differences, men who volunteered 200 hours or more in 2014 had higher friendship quality in 2018 than women, while women who volunteered 100-199 hours in 2014 had greater contact frequency in 2018 than men. Hence, our results suggest volunteering is integral in shaping late-life friendships and volunteering might be more critical for understanding friendship characteristics among older men and women.

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9

Kneale, Nick. "Review: Modernism, Male Friendship, and the First World War." Review of English Studies 56, no. 226 (September 1, 2005): 686–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgi094.

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10

Beauregard, David N. "Love and Friendship in The Merchant of Venice." Renascence 71, no. 2 (2019): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/renascence20197129.

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The basic argument of the essay is that in The Merchant of Venice Shakespeare represents Aristotelian-Thomistic notions of love and friendship. In the attraction of Bassanio for Portia we have the three-fold analysis of love as desire for the useful, the pleasurable and the virtuous. In the male friendship between Antonio and Bassanio we see the liberal man’s virtuous desire to give and share his wealth with his friends. Both relationships are concerned with giving and taking, a reflection of the Aristotelian-Thomistic distinction between love as desire and love as friendship. A final note is the play’s conclusion in the Aristotelian goods of happiness, gratuitous good fortune with the safe arrival of Antonio’s ships, union in friendship and marriage with Portia and Bassanio, Nerissa and Gaziano, and the wonder and delight that is to follow with Portia’s answer to all remaining questions.

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11

Berry, Ralph. "Tom MacFaul, Male Friendship in Shakespeare and his Contemporaries." Notes and Queries 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjm291.

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12

Burgwinkle, B. "DAVID CLARK. Between Medieval Men: Male Friendship and Desire in Early Medieval English Literature." Review of English Studies 61, no. 248 (October 21, 2009): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgp085.

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13

Hyatte, Reginald. "Recoding ideal male friendship as fine amor in the Prose Lancelot." Neophilologus 75, no. 4 (October 1991): 505–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00209891.

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14

Fankhauser, Peter. "Novel Findings on Gender Differences in Self- Disclosure: The Sharing of Personal Information in Japanese Students’ Close Friendships." Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjeas-2018-0001.

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Abstract Contrary to common findings on self-disclosure and gender, male students at a Japanese university that were questioned for this study reported significantly higher disclosure to close friends than their female colleagues-overall as well as for various individual topics (N = 479). Two different measures of self-disclosure were used, both yielding similar results. The gender differences were especially pronounced in cross-gender friendships. In accordance with previous literature, subjective feeling of closeness and respondents’ trust in the stability of the friendship were found to be positively associated with self-disclosure. While both closeness and trust in relationship stability were greater in same-gender friendships, no gender differences were found in this regard. The conclusion discusses the possibility of these findings being connected to shifting images of masculinity and femininity among Japanese youth, as well as changing interaction patterns between genders.

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15

Besio, Kimberly. "A Friendship of Metal and Stone: Representations of Fan Juqing and Zhang Yuanbo in the Ming Dynasty." NAN NÜ 9, no. 1 (2007): 111–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138768007x171731.

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AbstractThis essay examines representation of male friendship in Ming vernacular literature through an analysis of works that retell the story of two late Han friends, Fan Juqing and Zhang Yuanbo. Throughout the Ming, versions of the tale were produced in a variety of literary genres including a zaju play and a vernacular short story. Both the drama and the short story are extant in multiple editions, providing us insights into how they were interpreted by various literati editors. The durability of the friendship between Fan and Zhang—an essential aspect in all depictions of their story—is vividly evoked by the phrase that characterizes their relationship in dramatic literature: "a friendship of metal and stone." The late Ming editions of the play and the short story underline the two friends' unbending commitment to their friendship through a variety of textual and paratextual additions and emendations. In the hands of these late Ming literati editors the two friends Fan and Zhang thus become heroic figures worthy of eternal respect.

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Farr, Jason S. "Queer Friendship: Male Intimacy in the English Literary Tradition by George E. Haggerty." Eighteenth-Century Fiction 32, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ecf.32.2.355.

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17

Carolyn, M. Jones. "MALE FRIENDSHIP AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF IDENTITY IN D. H. LAWRENCE'S NOVELS." Literature and Theology 9, no. 1 (1995): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litthe/9.1.66.

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18

Tobkin, Jennifer. "A Man of Our Times: Muḥammad ibn Dāwūd al-Iṣbahānī’s Pioneering Vision of Male Love." Journal of Arabic Literature 52, no. 3-4 (November 23, 2021): 295–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570064x-12341453.

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Abstract The ghazal chapters of Muḥammad b. Dāwūd al-Iṣbahānī’s poetry anthology Kitāb al-Zahrah include 109 brief poems attributed to baʿḍ ahl hādhā al-ʿaṣr (a Man of Our Times). Ibn Dāwūd has conventionally been assumed to be the author of these poems. The “Man of Our Times” poems stand out among ‘Abbāsid ghazal because of their focus on justice, their appeals to reason, and their depiction of brotherly friendship (ikhā’) imbued with passionate love (hawā). Moreover, their repurposing of motifs from the poetic canon, such as the lover’s desert wanderings and nature’s lamentation in sympathy with him, adds to their tone of erudition. This gives the impression that the relationship they describe is an intense friendship between educated men of similar age. As with other early ʿAbbāsid bodies of ghazal, the poems can be categorized according to rhetorical function. For the “Man of Our Times” poems, these subcategories are 1) personal messages, 2) aphorisms, 3) petitions for justice, 4) alienation narratives, and 5) urban narratives.

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19

Herbst, Uta, Hilla Dotan, and Sina Stöhr. "Negotiating with work friends: examining gender differences in team negotiations." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 32, no. 4 (May 2, 2017): 558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2015-0250.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate whether a team of females negotiates differently than a team of males, and whether (workplace) friendship moderates the relationship between single-gender team composition and negotiation outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The authors used two laboratory studies and paired 216 MBA students into single-gender teams of friends and non-friends, and then engaged them in several dyadic multi-issue negotiations. Findings The results show that on average, male teams of non-friends reached significantly better outcomes than female teams of non-friends. However, and interestingly, female teams of friends perform equally to male teams of friends. Research limitations/implications The authors contribute both to the negotiations and the workplace friendship literature because very little research has examined negotiation among friends at work and in particular team negotiations. In addition, the authors also contribute to the literature on gender differences in negotiations because existing research has rarely examined the differences between all-male and all-female teams and especially the relationship between same-sex teams and their effects on negotiation outcomes. Practical implications This research has clear implications to managers with regard to team composition. Specifically, a winning all-female team should not be changed! Originality/value This is the first study to examine the relationship between workplace friendship, gender and negotiation outcomes.

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20

LEES, CLARE A. "Between Medieval Men: Male Friendship and Desire in Early Medieval English Literature by David Clark." Gender & History 22, no. 2 (July 13, 2010): 463–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0424.2010.01602_2.x.

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21

Ziolkowski, Jan. "Medieval Latin Poems of Male Love and Friendship. Thomas Stehling." Speculum 61, no. 3 (July 1986): 706–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2851642.

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22

Heath, Malcolm. "Greek Literature." Greece and Rome 63, no. 1 (March 29, 2016): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383515000285.

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As Aeschines famously said, phēmē (‘fame’) can't be trusted: that's why ‘famously’ so often prefaces a mistaken report. Karen ní Mheallaigh knows that in Gorgias B23 it is the sophisticated audience which is deceived, and she understands the ‘contractual’ relationship that Gorgias posits between audience and author (e.g. 30, 32, 78). But, making the fatal mistake of calling it ‘Gorgias’ famous dictum’, she hallucinates a reference to madness and says that ‘what is at stake…is the confusion between reality and representation, which is a measure either of the audience's lack of sophistication, or of the artist's supreme skill’ (29). Her invitation to ‘read with imagination, and with pleasure’ (xi) succeeds admirably. Reading her exploration of the self-conscious, extremely sophisticated, and persistently playful fictionality of Lucian (Toxaris, Philopseudes, True Stories) and others (Antonius Diogenes, Dictys and Dares, Ptolemy Chennus) was, for me, an intensely stimulating and pleasurable experience. But the Gorgias aberration was not the only thing that also often made it annoying. ‘The irony that pervades Lucian's work…is not a symptom of exhaustion but of exuberance’ (37): doesn't that state the obvious? ‘Having read Toxaris, it is difficult to read Chaereas and Callirhoe without feeling its improbable storyishness’ (49): is that any less difficult for those who haven't read Toxaris? ‘Is Toxaris a dialogue about friendship, or about fiction?’ (67): the headline answer (‘both: for the theme of friendship is itself entwined with the dynamics of fiction in the dialogue’) is undercut by what follows, which reductively treats the friendship theme as a pretext and pretence (‘in Lucian's work, fiction is almost invariably enjoyed under the pretext of doing or talking about something else, and Toxaris is no exception: it is a dialogue about novelistic narrative, masquerading as a dialogue about friendship’; my emphasis). A fictional speaker's oath ‘compels the reader into acquiescence that the story he is listening to is true’ (68, original emphasis): how is that possible when (given the existence of perjury) even non-fictional oaths don't have that power? Is it true that a ‘constant oscillation between the poles of belief and disbelief…takes place in the reader's mind when (s)he reads fiction’ (70)? The internal audience may be waveringly doubtful about the status of what they are hearing, but sophisticated external audiences of fiction are capable of maintaining a complex attitude free of oscillation. ‘The reader must wonder whether (s)he is him or herself contained within that remote specular image on the Moon, a minute mirror image of a reader and a book, within the very book (s)he is now holding’ (226): that's not the ‘must’ of necessity, since I don't wonder that at all. Am I violating some ‘must’ of obligation? But why should anyone be obliged to wonder anything so daft? I was not disturbed by ‘the disturbing idea that every reality may be a narrative construct, another diegesis in which we are the characters, being surveyed by some remote and unseen reader, perhaps right now’ (225; compare 207), nor unsettled by ‘the unsettling possibility that the real world outside Lucian's text could be just as fictional, if not more so, than the world inside the book’ (230; compare 8). If you are of a nervous disposition, do not read this book: thirty-six occurrences of ‘anxiety’ and ‘anxious’ might make you jittery. Otherwise, read it, enjoy it, and (from time to time) shout at it in frustration.

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23

Furneaux, Holly. "Inscribing Friendship: John Forster'sLife of Charles Dickensand the Writing of Male Intimacy in the Victorian Period." Life Writing 8, no. 3 (September 2011): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14484528.2011.578337.

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24

Krammer, Stefan. "Abenteuer Männlichkeit. Adoleszenz in Wolfgang Herrndorfs Roman «Tschick»." Studia theodisca 28 (November 4, 2021): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/1593-2478/16670.

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This article deals with literary constructions of masculinity in Wolfgang Herrndorf’s novel Tschick. The focus is on male adolescence as represented by the characters in the text. The study is guided by the question of how the male socialisation of adolescents is narrated in the novel. Themes such as the search for identity, friendship, sexuality and being an outsider are addressed. The analysis is based on theoretical perspectives offered by masculinity studies, intersectional approaches of identity research as well as genre-related reflections on young adult fiction.

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25

Schneider, Jeffrey. "Masculinity, Male Friendship, and the Paranoid Logic of Honor in Theodor Fontane's Effi Briest." German Quarterly 75, no. 3 (2002): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3072709.

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26

Widmer, Kingsley, and Robert K. Martin. "Hero, Captain, and Stranger: Male Friendship, Social Critique, and Literary Form in the Sea Novels of Herman Melville." American Literature 59, no. 3 (October 1987): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2927153.

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27

Blanch Serrat, Francesca. "Women Translating Women: Resisting the Male Intellectual Canon in Eliza Hayley’s Essays on Friendship and Old-Age, by the Marchioness de Lambert (1780)." ENTHYMEMA, no. 31 (February 1, 2023): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2037-2426/18419.

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In 1780 the English translator and essayist Eliza Ball Hayley (b.1750-1797) published Essays on Friendship and Old-Age, by the Marchioness de Lambert. The text was a translation of two of the many philosophical treatises written by the French philosopher Anne-Thérèse de Lambert (1647-1733). Addressing the chronological, linguistic, and geographical distance between the authors and their philosophical thought, this article examines the motivations behind Hayley’s translation, regarding them as an act of resistance to the predominant contemporary male intellectual discourse, dismissive of de Lambert’s influence. Furthermore, it suggests that through the act of translating, Hayley is in fact recovering de Lambert and her (gendered) contribution to the history of ideas, while in parallel she is asserting her own place within this intellectual continuum by benefiting from de Lambert’s legacy, and thus contributing to, and sustaining, a female genealogy of thought.

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Li, Yongli, Sihan Li, Chuang Wei, and Jiaming Liu. "How students’ friendship network affects their GPA ranking." Information Technology & People 33, no. 2 (July 23, 2019): 535–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-03-2018-0148.

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Purpose Due to the unintentional or even the intentional mistakes arising from a survey, the purpose of this paper is to present a data-driven method for detecting students’ friendship network based on their daily behaviour data. Based on the detected friendship network, this paper further aims to explore how the considered network effects (i.e. friend numbers (FNs), structural holes (SHs) and friendship homophily) influence students’ GPA ranking. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected the campus smart card data of 8,917 sophomores registered in one Chinese university during one academic year, uncovered the inner relationship between the daily behaviour data with the friendship to infer the friendship network among students, and further adopted the ordered probit regression model to test the relationship between network effects with GPA rankings by controlling several influencing variables. Findings The data-driven approach of detecting friendship network is demonstrated to be useful and the empirical analysis illustrates that the relationship between GPA ranking and FN presents an inverted “U-shape”, richness in SHs positively affects GPA ranking, and making more friends within the same department will benefit promoting GPA ranking. Originality/value The proposed approach can be regarded as a new information technology for detecting friendship network from the real behaviour data, which is potential to be widely used in many scopes. Moreover, the findings from the designed empirical analysis also shed light on how to improve GPA rankings from the angle of network effect and further guide how many friends should be made in order to achieve the highest GPA level, which contributes to the existing literature.

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Seelye, John. ": Hero, Captain, and Stranger: Male Friendship, Social Critique, and Literary Form in the Sea Novels of Herman Melville. . Robert K. Martin." Nineteenth-Century Literature 41, no. 4 (March 1987): 509–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.1987.41.4.99p0066m.

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Matsui, Motohiro, Kanako Taku, Rina Tsutsumi, Midori Ueno, Mayuri Seto, Atsushi Makimoto, and Yuki Yuza. "The role of peer support in psychosocial outcomes among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e22528-e22528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e22528.

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e22528 Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) who experienced cancer treatment sometimes show posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and yet report positive psychological changes, known as posttraumatic growth (PTG). Literature suggests PTSS and PTG are not on opposite ends of a single spectrum but rather coexist. It is expected to have distinct relationships with social support, and yet, the roles of peer support remain unknown. This study examines PTG and PTSS, and their correlates with peer support among AYA cancer survivors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire survey with AYA cancer survivors. A total of 212 AYA survivors were recruited from 11 cancer centers and 12 cancer patients’ communities. They completed a self-report measure of the PTG Inventory and the Impact of Event Scale revised (IES-R) to assess PTSS. Diagnosis, treatment, peer support (i.e., affiliation to AYA patients’ community and friendship with other AYA cancer patients), and social status information was also collected from questionnaires. A series of multiple regression analyses was used to identify significant correlates among peer support, PTG and PTSS. Results: PTG and PTSS were not significantly correlated with each other, being consistent with the previous studies. PTG was positively associated with male gender, years since diagnosis, good communication with others, and friendship with other AYA cancer patients. Friendship with other AYA cancer patients was positively associated with not just the overall PTG but all five domains of PTG. PTSS was associated with years since diagnosis, unemployed status, and symptom of late effects. PTSS was, however, unlike PTG, not related with friendship with other AYA cancer patients or affiliation to AYA patients’ community. Conclusions: Good communication and friendship with other AYA cancer patients is suggested to play an important role in PTG but not PTSS. Psychosocial intervention to facilitate peer support among AYA cancer patients would possibly contribute to revive their lives through PTG. Future studies should further investigate what factors would contribute to alleviation of PTSS and foster PTG. Clinical trial information: UMIN000035439.

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Andrew Landman, Roderick. "“A counterfeit friendship”: mate crime and people with learning disabilities." Journal of Adult Protection 16, no. 6 (December 2, 2014): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-10-2013-0043.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer an introduction to the recently recognised phenomenon of “mate crime” as it affects people with learning disabilities. It looks at how concerns arose, considers what may make people with learning disabilities particularly susceptible, and proposes a provisional definition of “mate crime”. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on the author's own project work, and reviews the extant research literature on “disablist” hate crime to examine the extent to which so-called “mate crime” has been both explicitly and implicitly identified and analysed in the literature. Findings – The literature review indicates that “mate crime” has not been explicitly identified in any scholarly research to date, either under that or any other name. Crimes that we might label as “mate crimes” have, however, appeared in more general literature concerning the experiences of people with disabilities in general, and as victims of crime. Social implications – Despite a lack of firm data there is sufficient in the literature, combined with increasing anecdotal evidence and case studies, to suggest that people with learning disabilities are particularly susceptible to “mate crime”, and are being targeted by perpetrators. Increasing independence and reduced service provision are likely to increase the risks. The author argues that mate crime differs significantly from other manifestations of hate crime and abuse, and needs to be conceptualised, analysed and handled differently. Originality/value – Whilst the issue of “mate crime” is gaining increasing professional and media attention it lacks any academic base and a definition. This paper attempts to establish an agreed definition and conceptualisation of “mate crime”.

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Norbakk, Mari. "Men of Light Blood." Men and Masculinities 21, no. 3 (March 27, 2018): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x17748172.

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This article explores how revolution stories become a claim to manhood in Egypt, which may be used as leverage when men struggle to live up to the ideal of male provider. The revolution is stylized in the stories that youth have about their participation in the 2011 Thawrat Shabaab (youth revolution). In analyzing the narration and performance of the revolution stories, Herzfeld’s concept of performative excellence becomes relevant. Based on fieldwork undertaken in Cairo, Egypt, in 2013, the author argues that revolution stories and being good at telling jokes impart masculine capital. Inspired by Inhorn’s call for ethnographies on Arab men, this article engages with how Egyptian manhood is produced in interaction with peer groups and underlines the importance of male friendship and humor. Focusing on men from the upper-middle class of Cairo highlights how deeply classed (male) gender is in contemporary Egypt.

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Chakars, Melissa. "Buryat Literature as a Political and Cultural Institution from the 1950s to the 1970s." Inner Asia 11, no. 1 (2009): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000000009793066569.

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AbstractThis paper explores the history of Buryat literature as an institution in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. Buryat literature was not simply the creation of Buryat writers. Local Party and government officials, censors, editors, publishers, and others made a substantial contribution to the direction, promotion, and content of Buryat literature. Buryat literature, as well as writers, was widely promoted by local media. Literature was also taught regularly at all levels of education. Buryat writers did not produce any samizdat and they generally did not use literature as a way to explore their pre-Soviet or pre-Russian history and culture as did other Soviet nationalities. Instead, Buryat literature generally emphasised topics that promoted and supported the project of Soviet modernisation. It promoted the value of Soviet leadership, the importance of the friendship of nations and in particular the friendship between Buryats and Russians, and it promoted the idea that life was better for the Buryats in the Soviet Union than it had been in the past or could be anywhere else. In addition, it helped create a new Buryat history that showed how the Buryats played an important role in Soviet historical events such as the Civil War, the October Revolution, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the Second World War. Buryat literature was a place to define and promote the new Soviet Buryat nation and all its modern attributes.

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Schweitzer, Ivy. "For Gloria Anzaldúa: Collecting America, Performing Friendship." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, no. 1 (January 2006): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081206x129774.

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It was an unexpectedly chilly day in May 2004 when the news flashed across various electronic mailing lists that Gloria Anzaldúa had died from complications related to diabetes. I was in the midst of teaching a course on contemporary issues in feminism to a formidable group of undergraduate women and men, in which we were reading “How to Tame a Wild Tongue” and “La Conciencia de la Mestiza: Towards a New Consciousness.” These are my favorite essays from Anzaldúa's Borderlands / La Frontera: The New Mestiza, a text published in 1987 and still crucial to any understanding of identity and politics in feminism today. The announcement, made by Anzaldúa's coeditor and compañera, Cherrie Moraga, requested that we construct homemade shrines to honor Anzaldúa's presence and aid her passing. My classroom was in Dartmouth Hall, a venerable eighteenth-century building only a stone's throw from Baker Library, whose tower sports a weathervane with the image of Dartmouth's founder, Reverend Eleazar Wheelock, teaching a crosslegged, befeathered, and pipe-smoking Indian, Samson Occom, his most famous student, beneath the symbolic lone pine. Into the graywalled room, I brought objects that seemed out of place there and incendiary: candles, flowers, incense, and books—an armful of wellthumbed volumes containing the nearly talismanic words, her own and those of others, that Anzaldúa struggled to bring into print.

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Haggerty, George E. "“Alas, Poor Yorick!”: Elegiac Friendship in Tristram Shandy." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 130, no. 5 (October 2015): 1450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2015.130.5.1450.

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Not far into the first volume of laurence sterne's tristram shandy, we are presented with the death scene of yorick, the country parson who plays a central role in the novel. Yorick has barely made his appearance before his death is lamented in one of the novel's most arresting passages. This death scene is unexpected and out of sync with the way the story has been told so far. Readers are not yet aware that events transpire according to a system all their own; nor do they realize that in Tristram Shandy death is implicit in the lives of its characters as perhaps in no other novel, certainly no other comic novel, of the last half of the eighteenth century. Of course, in Tristram Shandy there is no law about when things happen or how they relate to matters around them, except some supple notion of memory and the association of ideas, as articulated by John Locke. Still, Sterne, who uses the self-effacing parson to represent himself, has made no bones about his ill health and how short a time he has for writing his novel, and in that sense this scene could be placed anywhere and it would be perfectly intelligible. One critic, at least, reads the novel as a direct reflection of Sterne's awareness of his own mortal illness.

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Demir, Yasin, and Mustafa Kutlu. "The effect of group guidance activities at improving friendship relationships to adolescents’ friendship relationshipsArkadaşlık ilişkilerini geliştirmeye yönelik grup rehberliği etkinliklerinin ergenlerin arkadaşlık ilişkilerine etkisi." Journal of Human Sciences 14, no. 4 (October 13, 2017): 3213. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4717.

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In this study, it is studied the effect of group guidance activities which consists of eight sessions and prepared to improve friendship relationships on adolescents’ friendship relationships. The study group consists of 32 adolescents. As a research design, it was used pretest-posttest model with control and placebo groups. The data analysis was made with SPSS 18 packet program, and Anova and Ancova tests were used in the analysis. Friendship relation levels of the participants were measured with Peer Relationships Scale. After the pretest measurement, group guidance activities consisted of eight sessions and intended to improve friendship relationships was applied to experimental group adolescents. Within this period, no procedure was performed with the individuals in the control group, and 3 session presentations about the vocational guidance and examination system were made to the individuals in the placebo group. After the sessions, posttest measurement was given. In the data analysis, two factored variance analysis was used for mixed designs. According to the findings from the study, group guidance program aimed at improving the friendship relationships is effective to improve friendship relationships of adolescents. The findings were discussed taking the literature results into consideration, and the suggestions were made in accordance with the results from this study.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmada, sekiz oturumdan oluşan ve arkadaşlık ilişkilerini geliştirmeye yönelik hazırlanan grup rehberliği etkinliklerinin ergenlerin arkadaşlık ilişkileri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 32 ergenden oluşmuştur. Araştırma deseni olarak kontrol ve plasebo gruplu ön-test son-test model kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Anaova ve Ancova testleri kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların arkadaşlık ilişkileri düzeyleri Akran İlişkileri Ölçeği ile ölçülmüştür. Ön-test ölçümünün ardından deney grubunda yer alan ergenlere sekiz oturumdan oluşan arkadaşlık ilişkilerini geliştirmeye yönelik grup rehberliği etkinlikleri uygulanmıştır. Bu süre içerisinde kontrol grubundaki bireylerle hiçbir işlem yürütülmemiştir. Plasebo grubundaki üyelere ise sadece üç oturumluk mesleki rehberlik ve sınav sistemi ile ilgili sunumlar yapılmıştır. Oturumların sona ermesinden sonra son-test ölçümleri alınmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde karışık desenler için iki faktörlü varyans analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, arkadaşlık ilişkilerini geliştirmeye yönelik uygulanan grup rehberliği etkinliklerinin ergenlerin arkadaşlık ilişkilerini geliştirmede etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bulgular literatür sonuçları dikkate alınarak tartışılmış ve araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

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Barlow, Jennifer E. "Love and War: Male Friendship and the Performance of Masculinity in the Poetry of Garcilaso de la Vega (1501–1536)." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 95, no. 4 (April 2018): 383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bhs.2018.22.

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Gaunt, Simon. "Once There Were Two True Friends: Idealized Male Friendship in French Narrative from the Middle Ages through the Enlightenment." French Studies 59, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 577–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/kni270.

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Hrenek, Éva. "Synonymous light verb constructions and synonymy groups. A study of verb variability in Hungarian." Investigationes Linguisticae, no. 45 (December 30, 2021): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/il.2021.45.4.

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Light verb constructions are typically interpreted as idiom-like, fixed patterns in the literature (see e.g. Forgács 2015). However, corpus data suggest that such constructions may also display variability, potentially inviting a study in terms of synonymy. For instance, this is the case with barátságot köt [lit. ‘tie a friendship’] ~ barátságot sző [lit. ‘weave a friendship’] ~ barátságot épít [lit. ‘build a friendship’], all meaning ‘make friends’. In the present case study, I explore patterns of the structure N-ba/be ‘into N’ + V, in particular feledésbe V ‘become forgotten’ (where feledésbe means ‘into oblivion’), homályba V ‘become obscure’ (where homályba means ‘into obscurity’) and sötétségbe V ‘become dark’ (where sötétségbe means ‘into darkness’). More specifically, I examine variants of these LVCs (e.g. homályba vész [lit. ‘be lost into obscurity’] ~ homályba szürkül [‘fade into oblivion’]), yielding synonym groups. Primarily using corpus data from the Hungarian National Corpus, I seek to find out how these three synonym groups are related semantically, and how their similarities and differences can be described by studying i. central and marginal patterns within them and ii. verbal lexemes (elfelejtődik ‘become forgotten’, elhomályosul ‘become obscure’ and elsötétedik ‘become dark’, respectively) with which they are synonymous.

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Garrison, John S. "Male Friendship and Testimonies of Love in Shakespeare’s England. Will Tosh. Early Modern Literature in History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. xi + 212 pp. $95." Renaissance Quarterly 70, no. 4 (2017): 1579–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/696460.

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Geiger, Marion, and Luc Monnin. "Michel de Montaigne : Du Discours sur la mort de La Boétie aux Essais." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 46, no. 2 (December 31, 2011): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.46.2.05gei.

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Montaigne prefaces the works of Etienne de la Boétie with a letter that Montaigne supposedly wrote shortly after the sudden death of his friend, whose last enigmatic words to Montaigne were: “make a place for me”. A close examination of the intertexts and rhetoric of the letter reveals that it can be read as a failed attempt by Montaigne to respond to his friend’s wish. The letter, indeed, fails to offer a true literary place to his friend who ceased to be a privileged addressee or reader, to become an absent object of discourse mentioned in the third person. Montaigne will try to “make a place” for his dead friend elsewhere, while writing his Essais, by developing a polyphonic mode of writing functioning as a substitute to the lost friendship. It will be argued that in the Essais, friendship, more that a mere content of discourse, becomes a form of expression.

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Lewis, Camilla. "Making community through the exchange of material objects." Journal of Material Culture 23, no. 3 (April 11, 2018): 295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183518769088.

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Classic community studies have identified several ways in which material exchanges lie at the heart of kinship relationships and informal networks of support in working-class communities. This article re-examines some key emergent issues in light of social shifts that have occurred in East Manchester, a locality drastically reshaped by de-industrialization and numerous phases of urban regeneration. The ethnography explores how a group of older women made community in these neighbourhoods, which they perceive to be fragmenting through their extended families and friendship networks. The women continued to engage in strategies to support and care for each other and sustain social ties through the exchange of material objects. The analysis suggests that theories of gift exchange and material culture offer useful resources to reinvigorate community studies literature by identifying the ways in which gifts and objects remain central to sustaining kinship and friendship relationships.

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Conejeros-Solar, María Leonor, María Paz Gómez-Arizaga, Robin M. Schader, Susan M. Baum, Katia Sandoval-Rodríguez, and Sandra Catalán Henríquez. "The Other Side of the Coin: Perceptions of Twice-Exceptional Students by Their Close Friends." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 215824402110222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211022234.

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Friendship can be critical at any age but considering the gifts and challenges of twice-exceptional students, friends can be an essential element in navigating school years. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions that close friends of twice-exceptional students have about their friendship, characteristics, and how they relate to classmates and teachers. The sample was comprised of 17 students. Under a qualitative design, in-depth interviews were conducted with friends of students who were gifted with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or with autism spectrum disorder. Results showed a deep relationship, in which friends of twice-exceptional students were able to make a realistic depiction of them, which was based on empathy, common interests, and a connection that stems from facing adversity. The results are not only a contribution to current research but also take a positive and strengths-based angle not always found in the literature. Implications for practice and research were discussed.

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DINI, RACHELE. "“At Home Too Everything Is Falling Apart”: Waste, Domestic Disorder, and Gender in Alison Lurie's Early Fiction." Journal of American Studies 53, no. 1 (September 28, 2017): 122–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875817001359.

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This paper examines the gendered aspects of consumer waste, dirt, and domestic mess in three early novels by Alison Lurie – Love and Friendship (1962), The Nowhere City (1965), and The War between the Tates (1974), set in 1969 – which I argue provide an incisive account of the transformation of gender relations over the course of the 1950s and 1960s. By focussing on the signifying potential of material objects in these texts, I seek to demonstrate Lurie's relevance to the “thingly turn” in literary criticism, to reignite interest in an author whose work has received surprisingly little scholarly attention, and to instigate a wider discussion of waste in her work as a whole, where it in fact proliferates. In broader terms, I hope to complicate existing scholarship on waste in literature (including my own in this area to date), which remains almost exclusively focussed on male authors.

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Hughes, Lorine A., Ekaterina V. Botchkovar, and James F. Short. "“Bargaining with Patriarchy” and “Bad Girl Femininity”: Relationship and Behaviors among Chicago Girl Gangs, 1959–62." Social Forces 98, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 493–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz002.

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Abstract This study uses observational, social network, and self-report survey data from a large study of male gangs in Chicago, 1959–62, to examine intragroup relationships and behaviors among their female auxiliaries, particularly the Vice Ladies and Cobraettes. Unlike descriptions of the female gang as forming a cohesive “sisterhood,” our findings revealed frequent intragroup conflict and loosely connected friendship networks. Consistent with the bulk of contemporary literature, the Chicago gang girls appeared to maintain ties with one another less for affective reasons than for the benefits they provided in the streets (e.g., peer backup). Regarding their behaviors, the Chicago gang girls engaged in both socio-sexual and stereotypically male activities, including strong-arm robbery and purse-snatching. Although sex sometimes was used to gain favor with boys, we found no evidence of it being valued and rewarded with prestige among homegirls. Instead, the most sexually active girls tended to be the least popular in the gang. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of “bad girl femininity” performed by gang girls and gang involvement as a resource for “bargaining with patriarchy.”

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Nelson, D. D. "Jolly Fellows: Male Milieus in Nineteenth-Century America; Paper Money Men: Commerce, Manhood, and the Sensational Public Sphere in Antebellum America; Manly Love: Romantic Friendship in American Fiction." American Literature 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-2010-073.

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Phipps, Gregory. "Male Friendships and Betrayal in the Fiction of Graham Greene." Texas Studies in Literature and Language 62, no. 4 (December 2020): 415–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/tsll62403.

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Golovkina, Anastasia Ivanovna, and Olga Efmovna Rubinchik. "«Your Little Aspen’s Trembling outside my Window…» Correspondence Between A. A. Akhmatova and M. S. Petrovykh." Russkaya literatura 1 (2022): 85–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2022-1-85-118.

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The purpose of this article is to introduce into the academic discourse a piece of correspondence between A. A. Akhmatova and M. S. Petrovykh, a poet and a translator, whose literary work was highly appreciated by Akhmatova. Their friendship lasted from 1933 up to the time of Akhmatova’s death in 1966. however, the letters analyzed in this paper were written between 1956 (?) and 1964, when the authors got less concerned that the Soviet Secret Service might open and inspect their epistles. The correspondence illustrates the warm relationship between the authors, and the efforts made by Petrovykh to help Akhmatova to submit her manuscripts to publishers.

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Donato, Clorinda. "Where 'Reason and the Sense of Venus are Innate in Men': Male Friendship, Secret Societies, Academies, and Antiquarians in Eighteenth-Century Florence." Italian Studies 65, no. 3 (November 2010): 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/016146210x12593180344333.

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Nabigulaeva, Marzhanat Nabigulaevna. "RASUL GAMZATOV AND NIKOLAY TIKHONOV: PERSONAL AND CREATIVE CONTACTS." Herald of the G. Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art, no. 27 (September 22, 2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31029/vestiyali27/7.

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The object of the article is the creative and personal ties of Rasul Gamzatov and Nicolay Tikhonov, the famous Soviet poet, writer, and translator, who played an important role in the literary life of Dagestan, made a great contribution to the development of its verbal culture, one of the first opened it to the Soviet reader. Their strong friendship continued for many years. It was cemented by a common cause, a love of literature, a desire to develop it and convey to the reader their new ideas. Their relationship was of a trusting nature and was based on respect for each other.

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