Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Malédiction'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Malédiction.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Slama, Marie-Gabrielle. "Malédiction de Baudelaire." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040105.
Full textThis study analyses the initial critical response to Baudelaire’s works during his lifetime, in the period running from the publication of the Salons in 1845 and 1846 to the days following his death in September 1867. Based on a body of 271 texts - many of which were hitherto unknown - this study aims to debunk the Baudelairean myth of the cursed poet. In undertaking this process of demolition, this study first considers the poet’s detractors and then his supporters, before assessing the importance of the theme of the cursed artist in his works themselves. For Baudelaire deliberately created a cliché – linked to dandyism and anti-modernity – that was so compelling that it ultimately came to distort the reception of his work
Brissette, Pascal. "La malédiction littéraire : constitution et transformation d'un mythe." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84481.
Full textPradem-Sarinic, Marianne. "Les malédictions en Dalmatie." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0103.
Full textTonguino, Emmanuel. "Destinée d' une légende : malédiction de Canaan par Noé dans la Bible." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA080020.
Full textTonguino, Emmanuel. "La malédiction de Canaan et le mythe chamitique dans la tradition juive." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010581.
Full textHow a man cloud be both and peaceably Jewish and black (i. E. Falacha) if Noah has cursed Cham through Canaan ? 1. A description of the "Hamitic myth" (chiefly in Judaism, but a bit also in Christianity and Islam) i. E. Of the malediction of Canaan in the book of genesis and the progress of its misinterpretations from the beginnings till our time. That Ham and his descendants have been cursed by the Noachian malediction of Canaan in the hard core of the Hamitic myth. 2. Understanstanding of the interpretations of this malediction and the reasons why the biblical text has been turned into racialism. 3. Finally, a call to a true world-wide brotherhood
Abou, Samra Gaby. "Bénédictions et malédictions dans les inscriptions phénico-puniques." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4021.
Full textThis thesis is a research on the blessings and curses in Phoenician and Punic inscriptions in Phoenicia, the region of the Ancient Near East, the islands in the Mediterranean Sea and North Africa. The inscriptions are classified by their literal genre from which are taken: funeral, commemorative, votive and dedicative. The first part treats a research on the blessing and curse formulae in the Phoenician inscriptions, which are found in Phoenicia, Anatolia, Ur, Egypt and Cyprus. The second part treats a research on the Punic inscriptions from the islands in the Mediterranean Sea and North of Africa: Malta, Sardaigna, Sicily. . . Carthage, Constantine, Sousse. . . The third part treats a synthetical and thematical studies: research on subjects which are found in the Phoenician and Punic blessing and curse formulae. The thesis finish by a conclusion in which is tried to give a definition of tow verbs: "to bless" and "to curse" as used by the Phoenicians. At the end, several general indexes and a bibliography of ancient and recent references can be found
Mbangare, Mobe Milaiti. "La richesse pétrolière : une malédiction pour les pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest ? Une étude comparative." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18551.
Full textFurgiuele, Gianpaolo. "La malédiction littéraire et les auteurs maudits au XXe siècle : stratégie éditoriale et usage d'un mythe en régime médiatique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100120.
Full textThis thesis seeks to examine the persistence and the evolution of Literary damnation into the French literary scene of XIXth and XXth centuries. Using an multidisciplinary approach, French literature, comparative literature and sociology, I will show how this myth remains active and prolific. Far from the perspective of a sacred vision of literature finally I will show how the image of the accursed authors is always inserted in a true editorial strategy. My work shows how a phenomen on which belongs to the literary life was able to exceed this domain to influence other disciplines, like the music, the movies or the comics
Kangandio, José Watunda. "Les ressources du discours polémique dans La Malédiction, Les Etoiles écrasées et Le Doyen marri de Pius Ngandu Nkashama." Lyon 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO20088.
Full textThe analysis of the resources devoted to controversial speech (polemic discourse) is part of human communication. The study was apprehended in connection with the dynamism of discurvive practice in a rhetorical and enunciative perspective. Violent speech that justifies the esthétique of the corpus is based on historical and existential phenomena. The three novels paint a society that is both abnormal and anomic. Through conflictual language filled in by hyperboles, duplication, metaphors (especially red), ironies, vocabulary from the regional home to the author, and other strategies for appealing to emotion, writer arises in giving lesson to restore the (real) peace in his country and the dignity of his compatriots. At the unprecedented violence of the ‘political animal’, ie one that has social values collapse of a people, opposes another: didactic violence. It is both liberating and constructive. By presenting a grim picture of leaders who sow terror in their own people, and by describing the people excessively, violent speech carries out the perlocutoire function: it compels the virtual public to react in accordance with the author’s expectations
Galibert, Thierry. "Une malédiction littéraire : étude thématique du processus de création chez les poètes de Gérard de Nerval à Antonin Artaud." Université de Provence. Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines (1969-2011), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX10030.
Full textBertin, Salsa. "La malédiction dans la littérature fantastique moderne francophone et anglophone à travers quatre oeuvres française, belge, américaine et anglaise." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10082.
Full textChapel, Laëtitia. "Maintenir la viabilité ou la résilience d'un système : les machines à vecteurs de support pour rompre la malédiction de la dimensionnalité ?" Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00499465.
Full textChapel, Laetitia. "Maintenir la viabilité ou la résilience d'un système : les machines à vecteurs de support pour rompre la malédiction de la dimensionnalité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21774.
Full textEtemad, Alexandre. "Efficacité des fonds souverains pétroliers en tant qu'instruments de stabilité macroéconomique et fiscale." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA01A069.
Full textAzizi, Jamal. "Gestion des ressources naturelles non renouvelables : Équilibre du marché, impacts socio-économiques et canaux potentiels de malédiction des ressources -Une application au Phosphate-." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM030/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the sustainable management of non-renewable resources in general and phosphate rock in particular. The first chapter presents the current situation, future trends and geopolitical issues pertaining to the global phosphate market. The analysis shows a large deficit in world phosphate supply in the future, inciting producers with sufficient phosphate reserves to invest in new capacities. The second chapter develops a multi-leader-multi-follower Stackelberg model, calibrated using real data from the phosphate market. This model derives the optimal future capacities for different producers according to their reserve levels and their development costs. The results show that the market would become more concentrated in 2100, with Morocco being the dominante country wich already holding three quarters of the world's reserves. The third chapter presents and calculates the linkage effects generated by Morocco’s phosphates exploitation. Using the Input-Output model, the proposed empirical analysis compares the socio-economic impacts of extraction to those related to transformation or valorization. The results of this analysis show that phosphates transformation is more linked to the other sectors and generates higher socio-economic impacts in terms of added value, income and employement. The last chapter contributes to the literature on the natural resources curse by linking agricultural performance and urbanization to the abundance of resources. The empirical study, based on a panel of African countries, shows a significant link between the abundance of mineral resources, the underdevelopment of the agricultural sector and urban explosion
Mousavi, Seyed Mohammad Amir. "L’abondance (dépendance) des ressources naturelles influence-t-elle l’accumulation de capital humain ? Les Ressources Naturelles sont-elles une Malédiction pour l'Education et la Santé ?" Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ0016.
Full textAs illustrated by the “Human Development Index” published by the United Nations and used by the World Bank, a society’s progress is often judged not just by its income, but also its human capital outcomes in education and health. It is therefore not surprising that, just as a large number of studies have asked whether natural resource dependence or abundance harms or helps a society’s income, a growing number of papers have separately asked if they harm or help a society’s accumulation of human capital. To date, however, no one has surveyed this body of research. This is what we attempt to do in the dissertation. This new survey then is followed by several empirical analyses and conceptual models to check whether the abundance/dependence of natural resources hurt/help or does not affect the accumulation of human capital. While the literature typically focuses on a national-level analysis of the resource curse, chapter two of this dissertation investigates the impact on the human capital of the abundance of petroleum resources in 28 provinces of Iran from 2000 to 2014. It also contributes to the literature by distinguishing between upstream and downstream impacts i.e. whether the effects of the oil and gas industry on human capital are associated mostly with extraction (upstream) or refining and distribution (downstream) activities. Second, the approach of the dissertation inclined from macro to the microeconomic view in chapter three. Although a growing body of literature studies the HCIF’s (Human Capital-Intensive Firms) boundary and governance, few try to focus on these firms when the abundance of resources is involved in the economy. Similarly, in resource curse literature much has been said about the natural resource effects on human capital, however, fewer studies have been conducted for the immigration of the talented students in the resource abundance countries and the potential impacts this might have on human capital. This gap inspired me to study the effect of oil rent, brain drain, and good governance on human capital in a set of countries listed in the Natural Resource Governance Index (NRGI) Report. 3. Overall, all the empirical analysis of this dissertation significantly confirms the curse of natural resource abundance/dependence for the accumulation of human capital, measured by different indicators of health and education. For example, regarding the case of Iran, the empirical results show that apart from the global crowding effect of natural resources on human capital, the provinces involved in both downstream and upstream oil activities have significantly lower levels of human capital compared to both oil-free provinces and provinces involved only in downstream oil activities. This suggests a double resource curse. We also find the same negative effects for a cross-section of 81 NRGI countries by estimating a system of multiple linear regression models, by using ordinary least squares (OLS). Another interesting result of this dissertation was the negative impacts of brain drain on the accumulation of human capital. Contrary, we find that the determinants of good governance show a significant and positive impact on human capital accumulation, indicating the important role of good governance in resource-abundant countries to harness the curse of oil abundance. Finally, the positive and significant coefficient of interaction term -in chapter four- between natural resource governance and oil rent (as a proxy for resource dependence) implies that natural resource good governance is one key to avoid the negative effect of resources on the accumulation of human capital
Seghir, Majda. "Essays in oil and the economic development of resource rich countries." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST0047.
Full textIs natural wealth a guarantee of prosperity or is it a curse? How has petroleum shaped growth economic process in oil producing countries? To the extent that these questions have to be raise, the purpose of this thesis is to move towards a better understanding of the mechanisms that make oil becoming a curse as often as a blessing, in oil exporting countries. The empirical studies conducted in this thesis help answer three main questions: (i) What is the contribution of oil as energy (or an energy source) in the process of economic growth? (ii) What are the direct and indirect effects of dependence to oil revenues on economic growth? (iii) Is the oil curse a question of macroeconomic stability?Our contributions thus highlight the following results. (i) Abundant oil wealth and overconsumption observed in the vast majority of oil exporting countries contribute positively to the economic growth process. This result is, however, valid only in the short term. Indeed, in the long term, oil consumption appears to be a consequence of economic growth. (ii) Oil as a source of revenue impacts economic growth directly and indirectly through its effect on the amount and quality of public spending as well as on trade openness. Given these mechanisms, our results show that beyond a certain threshold of dependence on oil revenues, economic growth is constrained by the direct and indirect effects of oil revenues. However, these effects can be contained, first, by reducing dependence on oil revenues; then, by improving government effectiveness; and finally by increasing political stability. (iii) Oil revenues, due to their extreme instability may harm economic growth by inducing macroeconomic distortions. This instability results more precisely by an appreciation of the real exchange rate, a rise in public spending and inflation. The most dependent are countries, the most they are exposed to macroeconomic instability. Similarly, countries with an efficient and credible government are the one which suffer economic growth suffers the less from macroeconomic instability.Oil is, thus, a vantage for oil exporting countries but the adverse effects of such a natural resource on the economy must be mastered. One solution would, then, be to reduce the level of dependence of the economy on oil revenues to reduce the exposure to volatile oil prices and to reduce the risk of contagion to the economy. Another solution would be to improve the ability of governments to implement efficient economic policies
Feuillet, Antoine. "Fondements et conséquences de l'action collective entre contributeurs et bénéficiaires : modalités de génération, de répartition et d'utilisation des revenus dans le sport professionnel." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC234.
Full textThe distribution of revenue in professional sport is most often associated in the literature on sports economics with the measure of its impact on competitive balance (Késenne, 2000; Szymanski & Késenne, 2004; Peeters, 2012). This thesis considers the distribution of revenue in relation to collective action beyond its impact as a regulatory tool. The problematic of the thesis relates to the importance of revenue distribution at the organisational network level in the case of professional sports leagues (PSL). Our approach characterises the revenue process in the PSL: mutualisation, generation, negotiation, distribution and utilisation. Our quantitative results are supported by interviews with stakeholders show: the strategic nature of the sports rights market (winner’s curse); the political dimension of income distribution through the study of governance and conflicts but also a study in individual sports (Superstars take all); the contingency of strategic choices to resources that illustrates networks of actors engaged in both competitive and cooperative relationships (coopetition)
Clootens, Nicolas. "Trois essais sur les Relations de Long Terme entre Croissance et Environnement." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE0505/document.
Full textHuman activities and the environment interact through multiple and complex relations. Can the natural environment be viewed as a limit to growth ? This thesis tries to develop answers to this crucial question.The first chapter shows that environmental degradations may constitute a brake on growth diminishing life expectancy, and thus savings. It also shows that environmental poverty traps may exist. However,public environmental policies may help countries to escape from such traps, and to reach a higher level of income per capita. In the second chapter, we suggest that the existence of polluting non-renewable resources necessary for production may hamper growth. However, we show that flow pollutions caused by the use of resources can’t be seen as a development brake. Then, following neoclassical works of the1970s, we confirm that exogenous technological progress and sufficient substitution possibilities mayal low to overcome difficulties linked to the exhaustibility of resources. Finally, the third chapter demonstrates that, in low-income economies, strong resource dependency dampens growth while abundanceis growth promoting. Dependence is the outcome of economic choices. Thus a diversification policy that consists on investing the rent in secondary and tertiary sectors may help reduce dependence. Finally, we suggest that the development of education, institutions, and financial markets may allow to decrease the probability to experience a resource curse
Nelson, Nicolas. "Charmes et bénédictions, reflets de l'univers mental du monde médiéval : étude d'un corpus germanique." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040163.
Full textThe blessings and magical spells of the Middle Ages shed a clear light upon men's vision of their lives in their surroundings. Their mainly dichotomic vision depicts a traditional balance between the Christian, civilized area and the devilish realm of savage Nature. This balance is constantly challenged by the interaction of the two, whether by unwitting contacts with natural taboo forces or by the action of malignant demons encountered on their way to people's homes despite their banishment from men's living sphere that was ordained by the mythical Master of Nature, Keeper of the celestial Keys. As a matter of fact, people considered illnesses to be caused by these evil demons. The medieval explanation for evil is, thus, also grounded on the recurring idea of facing up an outsider to the community. During the Middle Ages in particular, this notion came to define sickness as an event when one literally met the sacred however its form. These ecotypical encounters involved anthropomophous and zoomorphous figures embodying values relevant to the community. This regularly reveals people's need to find a close source of the sacred transpiring their own religious beliefs (imitatio dei). To some extant, this medieval vision of the world still prevails in the mind of many of us. Regardless its form, the generic figure of the other represents the outside element within the systemic opposition of notions that is necessary to maintain the essential values around which myths were founded and societies organized themselves
Brias, Antoine. "Conjurer la malédiction de la dimension dans le calcul du noyau de viabilité à l'aide de parallélisation sur carte graphique et de la théorie de la fiabilité : application à des dynamiques environnementales." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22778/document.
Full textViability theory provides tools to maintain a dynamical system in a constraint domain. The main concept of this theory is the viability kernel, which is the set of initial states from which there is at least one controlled trajectory remaining in the constraint domain. However, the time and space needed to calculate the viability kernel increases exponentially with the number of dimensions of the problem. This issue is known as “the curse of dimensionality”. This curse is even more present when applying the viability theory to uncertain systems. In this case, the viability kernel is the set of states for which there is at least a control strategy to stay in the constraint domain with some probability until the time horizon. The objective of this thesis is to study and develop approaches to beat back the curse of dimensionality. We propose two lines of research: the parallel computing and the use of reliability theory tools. The results are illustrated by several applications. The first line explores the use of parallel computing on graphics card. The version of the program using the graphics card is up to 20 times faster than the sequential version, dealing with problems until dimension 7. In addition to the gains in calculation time, our work shows that the majority of the resources is used to the calculation of transition probabilities. This observation makes the link with the second line of research which proposes an algorithm calculating a stochastic approximation of viability kernels by using reliability methods in order to compute the transition probabilities. The memory space required by this algorithm is a linear function of the number of states of the grid, unlike the memory space required by conventional dynamic programming algorithm which quadratically depends on the number of states. These approaches may enable the use of the viability theory in the case of high-dimension systems. So we applied it to a phosphorus dynamics for the management of Lake Bourget eutrophication, previously calibrated from experimental data. In addition the relationship between reliability and viability is highlighted with an application of stochastic viability kernel computation, otherwise known as reliability kernel, in reliable design in the case of a corroded beam
Touazi, Mahdi. "Le boom pétrolier et le syndrome hollandais au Cameroun : symptômes et canaux de transmissions." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26808.
Full textNaderan, Elias. "Les facteurs de la mobilisation fiscale en Iran." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF10181.
Full textDürr, Élise. "Le serment promissoire dans les chansons de geste des XIe et XIIe siècles." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040140.
Full textConventional act of high social significance, oath is both a sign and a ratification of man's becoming part of a society. Il is thus easy to understand the importance of oath in the feudal system which is totally based on personal bonds and which strengh precisely lies in the juridical nature of these bonds. Indeed, oath proves to be the only possible form of commitment in the juridical sphere. The fact that oath was from the origins on equivalent to law derives from the sacred dimension of oath; when taking the promissory oath, man commits his faith as well as he commits himself to achieving what was sworn in the name of God. No longer contingent, the thus predicted future fits the sole logic of necessity; the speaker of a promissory oath abolishes future at the same time he utters it. Scrutinizing the instances of oath taken from the five chansons de geste which make up the corpus will make it possible to investigate the paradox held in this rather unique juratory performance
Khichane, Samia. "Ethnographie des conflits domestiques en Kabylie : injures, commérages, malédictions." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA134.
Full textIn Kabylia, a society with a male-domination patriarchal tradition, women have employed for many centuries a set of indirect practices, defined in the literature as « counter-powers » (Lacoste-Dujardin, 1985, 2008). Through several processes, they looked as they have always defied the dominant authority by exercising magical practices, adapting to the norms and values of society, but also, by their mastery and subtle use of the art of speech. Female term of abuse, as an act of language, is one of the strategies used by kabyle women to exert their power in an indirect manner on the dominant society, constituted by the men.Most of the research work that focused on the issue of insults in Kabylia has been conducted by anthropologists who analyzed it in its ritualized aspect (Aït-Ferroukh, 1999, Rabia, 1988) or by linguists whose reflections were conducted essentially on the semantic criterion in relation with the worldview and society (Mebtouche-Nejai, 2012). In the anthropological perspective that interests me, the insult will be apprehended as a set of social acts with consequences (Laforêt and Vincent, 2004), rather than as a category of deprecating speech, hence the need to take into account its pragmatic value in the dimension of the harm caused or suffered or the insulting effect (Larguèche, 1983, 1993, 2004, 2009) which is necessary for its comprehension.Based on the typological specifics of female insults, I will try to show, from an essentially pragmatic perspective, in a male-dominating society where the speech is codified, how the insult, as a linguistic transgression, allows women to exert their power indirectly. Examining these processes will help to identify the stakes of feminine power and to see at what extent the insult can be used as a counter-power
Dauvin, Magali. "Essais sur la dépendance des économies aux ressources naturelles." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100093.
Full textThe recent drop in commodity prices showed the high vulnerability implied by being too much dependent on revenues stemming from natural resources. In the first chapter, we look into the way financial markets assess the market risk of twenty-two emerging economies. More precisely, the purpose of this chapter is to investigate how natural resources are incorporated in the way international investors perceived the ability to service external debt obligationsduring the 2003-2014 period. The results indicate that commodity prices are an important driver of sovereign spreads in the case of exporters while it is not the case for importing countries. In the second chapter, we investigate the link between energy prices and the real effective exchange rate of commodity-exporting countries. Estimating a panel cointegration relation between the real effective exchange rate and its fundamentals, we provide evidence for the existence of both energy and commodity currencies and we show that when the oil market is highly volatile (downwards), currencies follow an "oil currency regime", terms-of trade becoming an important driver of the real exchange rate A conventional wisdom has spread in the literature stating that a high endowment in natural resources is detrimental for growth, yet the debate is still ongoing In this chapter, we aim at providing quantitative results on the magnitude of the link between natural resources and growth found in the literature, as well as discussing, on quantitative bases, whether the sources of heterogeneity are significant. To this end, we implement a meta-analysis based on 67 empirical studies that investigate the link between natural resources and growth, totaling 1405 estimates. The results show a "soft" curse that may be reverted together with the importance of institutions in mitigating the curse
Athias, Laure. "Incertitude, renégociations et incitations dans les partenariats public privé." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00226000.
Full textLacroix, Geneviève. "Moralité et responsabilité : cas de la pratique des quimboiseurs et des prêtres catholiques martiniquais." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25254/25254.pdf.
Full textCantuarias-Villessuzanne, Carmen. "La mesure économique de la dépréciation du capital minier au Pérou." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724852.
Full textBerrani, Sid-Ahmed. "Recherche approximative de plus proches voisins avec contrôle probabiliste de la précision ; application à la recherche d'images par le contenu." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532854.
Full textHenry, Alexandre. "Essays on Economic Development in Commodity-Dependent Economies." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0076.
Full textThis thesis belongs to the literature on natural resource dependence and brings a new perspective by focusing on the sub-Saharan African region. This dependence introduces numerous challenges for policy makers both in terms of fiscal and monetary policy. The main research question explored in this thesis is the following : to which extent sub- Saharan African governments can rely on fiscal and monetary policies to mitigate the adverse impacts of commodity dependence and trigger positive spillover and achieve sustainable growth? The second chapter of the thesis unfolds short-term versus long-term mechanisms of the resource curse by using a two-step analysis: an error-correction model is performed after co-integrating the explana- tory variables. Main findings highlight the crucial role of institutions. On the long run, the negative impact of the dependence is confirmed independently of the institution quality. However, countries with weak institutions are more vulnerable to the curse because the re- source dependence not only negatively impacts long-term growth but also adversely impacts the recovery process. Finally, in a strong in- stitutional environment, results points to a potential positive impact of natural resources during recovery process. In the third chapter, a panel vector auto-regressive model compares macro-economic interactions in the pegged CFA monetary union versus a comparable sample. Considering their export structure dominated by raw commodities, results suggests that the CFA zone members do not suffer from a loss of competitiveness from belonging to the monetary union. However, foreign direct investments fail to generate the same spillover effect in the CFA zone compared to non-CFA countries. The forth chapter provides insights on the optimal management of fiscal resources, especially during a windfall period. Growth elasticities of different government choices regarding revenue allocation is performed. Results show that in a con- text of limited access to capital, resource windfall are considered as a crucial opportunity to scale up investment. In fact, below a level of public capital stock (estimated around 750 USD per capita), public investment during a boom has a four-fold higher impact on growth than above the threshold. This scaling up is conditional on low levels of public debt: countries featuring unsustainable public debt levels should prioritize the restoration of stronger foreign reserves
De, Rosa Donato. "Essays on Institutions and Economic Performance." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0097.
Full textThe three essays contained in this thesis aim at filling part of the gap in the literature by empirically exploring specific instances of the importance of institutions for economic performance. The first essay examines how corruption affects productivity in a sample of firms from Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Results indicate that the payment of bribes has, on average, a negative effect on firm level productivity. Moreover, firms in countries with generally poor institutional quality - proxied by greater prevalence of corruption at the country level and a by weak legal framework - see their productivity more negatively affected by the payment of bribes. The second essay examines whether regional institutional conditions have an effect on the exporting behaviour of Russian manufacturers between 1996 and 2001. Results indicate that the quality of the institutional environment, while it is inconsequential for the export decision per se, has a positive effect on the intensity of exporting to more developed foreign markets. The final essay investigates the consequences of dependence on natural resources for institutional quality in a panel of countries worldwide from the late 1990s to the late 2000s. Results point towards a negative association between an export structure dominated by extractive industries and the quality of the institutional environment measured by an indicator of government effectiveness
Ficheux, Gaëlle. "Eros et Psyché : l'être et le désir dans la magie amoureuse antique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189672.
Full textHeidari, Fariba. "Boom pétrolier et syndrome hollandais en Iran : une approche par un modèle d'équilibre général calculable." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0025/document.
Full textIran as a country dominated by oil exports offers unique insights and rich rewards considering its economic and socio-political environment. Although according to a resource-based analysis this economy has the potential of being the world's 20th strongest economy because of its rich reserves in minerals and other natural resources alongside with country's geo-strategic position. It really seems strange and unbelievable how Iran can remain underdeveloped while having so many rare resources highly appreciated by the rest of the world. How we can explain this incoherence? The classic economic model describing Dutch Disease was developed by the economists W. Max Corden and J. Peter Neary in 1982. The so-called "Dutch Disease" as an economic concept explains the seeming relationship between natural resource abundance in a country and decline in other economic sectors specially manufacturing. This theory reveals that an increase in revenues from natural resources will de-industrialize the economy by raising exchange rate, which makes manufacturing sectors to become less competitive. The primary purpose of this paper is to determine if Iranian economy is suffering from this problem and if so what will be the impact of this issue on different sectors economy of Iran. In this paper, using an applied general equilibrium model, and not partial equilibrium model, we analyze Dutch disease in Iranian economy. We use the model that has been made by Dr Lofgren as a base and extend and adjust it for Iran economy. In order to solve the general equilibrium pattern numerically, GAMS software package can be used which is a powerful tool for solving linear and nonlinear equations
Tcheta-Bampa, Albert. "Cinq essais sur la mauvaise qualité des institutions en Afrique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010017.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the impact of institutional quality on the economic development of countries. It is in the perspective of the work of the new political economy. The methodology used is mainly econometric analysis of original data, including deep historical events such as the identity of the colonizer, conflicts at Independence, the Cold War and the support of powerful states in the world. It deals in the first chapter of the effect of institutions on economic growth via the variables that affect the total factor productivity. The variable 'quality of institutions' explains differential growth of total factor productivity. However, the analysis conducted shows that the way institutions and economic policies affect it depends on the level of human development in each country. There is therefore no universal model of good institutions. Instead, institutions should be adapted to contexts according t the degree of development. From the result obtained, the thesis then explains why in some countries, especially African countries, institutions are of lower quality than in others. The main cause of the existence of an adverse institutional system to economic development is the existence of strong incentives for elites or social groups who wield political power to maintain inefficient policies and institutions to make the rents expropriation easier in sector with immobile natural resources. It is shown, in fact, that these elites can maintain power to enrich themselves even without implementing institutions and 'developmentalist' economic policies that is to say in favor of economic development. The second chapter presents a theoretical model allowing to analyze the endogenous government policy and differences in economic performance related to political incentives generated by resource rents in African countries. The third chapter empirically analyzes the impact of institutional quality and dependence on natural resources on the growth rate of GDP. The analysis shows that there is a curse of natural resources in countries where extractive institutions were established during the colonial period. ln addition, the phenomenon of the curse decreases, gradually in Africa as, one moves away from the end of the Cold War. The fourth chapter explains from the duration models, large differences in longevity in the power of African presidents. The test found that it is sponsorship by powerful States more than the presence of natural resources which explains the longevity in power and Soviet aid is more effective than American aid when it comes to keeping dictators in power. The use of sponsorships for their military defense allows dictators to avoid developing effective institutions and taxation. The fifth and final chapter analyzes the effect of institutionalization of political parties (measured by the difference in a country, the number of years the leader of the political party, and the number of years of exercise of power the latter) on the institutional quality of a country. It shows that when the party is organized around a man, debates within the party are only on leadership, whereas when it is based around a program debating the definition of general interest. The analysis also shows that the lack of institutionalization of the parties has an effect on the selection of elites and the governance of a country, in other words, the quality of its institutions
Hernández-Luna, Yezid. "International trade and labor markets : empirical and theoretical evidence." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0547.
Full textI study the relationship between international trade and labor markets in three papers. In the first one, I find for the Colombian case, that together, the sector skill intensity and the international trade bring about more skill-biased technical change, increasing wage inequality, though such an effect is offset using temporary workers. In the second one, the analysis of a trade model with formal and informal heterogeneous firms, under full employment, shows that an openness policy decreases the average productivity of informal firms while makes formal to become informal, worsening welfare. However, forcing informal firms to become formal, increases average wages and raises welfare. In the third one, Diff in Diff estimates presents the impact of the 2003-2013 oil prices boom, on countries affected and not affected by the Dutch disease. In the former group, international trade flow increases although agriculture at a lower magnitude, while unemployment and informal labor decrease
Wadho, Waqar ahmed. "Essays on the economics of corruption." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24005/document.
Full textThis dissertation consists of three essays. The topics cover determination, variance and repercussions of corruption (essay one), corruption deterrence through wage incentives (essay two), and natural resource curse (essay three). In the first essay, I show that for a larger population of unskilled labor, there is a widespread corruption and for a smaller population there is no corruption. For the intermediate levels there are multiple equilibria. On its consequences, corruption increases wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers, and results in output and welfare losses. In the second essay, I argue that deterring corruption through efficiency wage may become prohibitively expensive. With endogenous monitoring technology that allows capturing the dual role of auditing, as a complement with and as a substitute for wage incentives, I find that the government is better-off accepting corruption when it is costly to monitor. When it is optimal to deter bribery, the government can do it either through efficiency wages or monitoring. The role of efficiency wages decreases in societies with higher level of dishonesty. In the third essay, I build a theory explaining a resource curse. In contrast to the existing literature which generally considers low education, corruption and natural resources separately, I combine three strands of literature. Natural resources affect incentives to invest in education and rent seeking that in turn affects growth. Second, the relationship between resource-abundance and resource-curse is non-monotonic. For low inequality in access to education and high cost of political participation, high-growth and poverty-trap equilibria co-exist
Cantuarias-Villessuzanne, Carmen Amalia. "La mesure économique de la dépréciation du capital minier au Pérou." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40009/document.
Full textSince the 2000s, Peru, a country extremely rich in minerals has experienced strong economic growth. WouldPeru be condemned to the resource curse because of its mineral wealth? For now this is not the case; howeverwe point up a strong dependence upon the mining sector. The main question relates to the sustainability of themining industry. The mineral depletion rate is a fundamental indicator to assess the situation. To calculate this,there are many forecasting methods available ; our microeconomic analysis based on the Hotelling rule providesa value of around 7 % of gdp for the period between 2000 and 2008, which represents double the estimation ofthe World Bank.We recommend the mineral depletion be taken into account when calculating traditional macroeconomic indicators;it would highlight the overestimation of economic growth. According to the Hartwick rule, it is clearthat Peruvian development is not sustainable; mining revenues do not offset the mineral depletion and are notreinvested in the development of the country. Therefore, the solution should be to tax mining companies at alevel equivalent to that of depletion and, with the new income, to create a natural resource fund. Saving only8 % of the mineral depletion would suffice to generate sustainable rent for futures generations. In addition, thecreation of a natural resource fund would reduce macroeconomic instability and enforce better governance
Puértolas, Rubio Laura. "Le corps entravé. Étude des pratiques de sorcellerie de l’Anatolie ancienne d’après les textes cunéiformes hittites et louvites." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL156.
Full textThe objective of this research is to study the practice of witchcraft in Hittite Anatolia (2nd millennium BC). The available sources are cuneiform texts in Hittite and Luwian languages found in the archives of their capital, Hattuša (now Boğazkale) and dated from the 16th-15th centuries to the 13th century BC. Due to the nature of the sources, this research is divided in two parts. The first one is the edition and philological study of a corpus of texts dealing with witchcraft, while the second one constitutes the analysis of the content itself using a theoretical approach from social anthropology. This analysis aims to improve our understanding of the different ways in which the Hittites conceived of witchcraft and to apprehend the cultural realities behind the texts. Therefore, this research will naturally be at the crossroads of anthropology, philology and the history of religions
Desir, Chesner. "Classification Automatique d'Images, Application à l'Imagerie du Poumon Profond." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00879356.
Full textRoy, Nicolas. "Migrations, cohabitations et visions du développement régional dans la Baie-des-Chaleurs : Étude des représentations sociales chez les jeunes adultes natifs, nouvellement arrivés ou de retour." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34543.
Full textFor several decades, the Eastern Quebec regions have been experiencing accelerated population aging and depopulation through youth migration to Quebec’s major metropolitan centers (Mathews 1996, Morin, 2013). However, since 2002, the MRC of Avignon and Bonaventure on the Gaspé Coast have experienced a reduction in their annual population deficit, culminating for the 2008-2012 period by migratory gains and population growth (ISQ, 2016). In the wake of work on the development of the regions of Quebec (Jean, 1997, Polèse, 2009, Proulx, 2011), this memoir takes an original look at new trends in the occupation of a "rural", "peripheral" and "resource" territory. This master thesis presents a study of social representations (Abric, 2001) of migration, integration and regional development among young natives of Avignon and Bonaventure who have remained in their home environment, among others who have returned from migration and newcomers from metropolitan areas. The results of the analysis suggests that the metropolitan experience (Simmel, 2013) and the sharing of the social memory (Halbwachs, 1970) of the place are decisive in the construction of representations. The representations that emerge from the migrants' discourse are those of an environment enriched by urbanity distinct from that of the cities, of an integration confronted with the mutual acquaintance of the host community and of a worried optimism of development, prompted by projects in the primary sector that deteriorate the idealized territory of their migration project. Their representations of life in the two MRC’s were compared to those of a native youth group for whom this space is judged to be declining and dependent on a natural resource economy. This study highlights the cohabitation of groups that now share the same space without necessarily meeting and sharing the same aspirations for its future. This phenomenon contributes to the increase of a social mix in the environment and to a "metropolisation" of this regional subassembly.
Diaz, Ruiz Fernando. "Malditismo y subversión en la poética de Fernando Vallejo: un estudio sobre su obra, recepción y estrategia literaria." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209393.
Full textAnte la ausencia de un marco teórico sobre este tipo de obras subversivas o malditas, de manera más específica se intentan desentrañar las claves principales de las poéticas del mal y de la subversión, llegando a proponer un cuadro explicativo con los rasgos que, en base al estudio pluridisciplinar de nociones como la “desviación social”, el “mal” y la “subversión”, presentan los textos literarios subversivos y malditos. En este sentido, los no hispanistas pueden leer esta tesis como un case study o materialización de dicha propuesta
/
Ce travail analyse la gestation, le fonctionnement et la réception de la stratégie littéraire de Fernando Vallejo, et plus particulièrement la malédiction et la subversion qui caractérisent sa poétique controversée. Dans ce but, l’étude adopte un point de vue méthodologique qui tient compte tant des apports de la Sociologie de la littérature que de l’Esthétique de la réception et de l’Analyse du discours. Seront également étudiés les codes narratifs, affectifs et culturels qui favorisent les effets subversifs des textes, parmi lesquels ressort l’ambiguïté du pacte signé par l’écrivain colombien avec ses lecteurs, unique dans la littérature contemporaine de langue espagnole.
Devant l’absence de cadre théorique sur ce type d’œuvres subversives ou maudites, il s’agit d’identifier de manière plus spécifique les éléments clés des poétiques du mal et de la subversion, pour arriver à proposer un cadre explicatif. Celui-ci comprend les caractéristiques que présentent, sur base de l’étude pluridisciplinaire de notions telles que la “déviation sociale” et la “subversion”, les textes littéraires subversifs et maudits. En ce sens, les non hispanistes pourront lire cette thèse comme une étude de cas ou comme la matérialisation d’une telle proposition théorique.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Benkhodja, Mohamed Tahar. "Essays on Monetary Policy in an Oil Exporting Economy." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO22008.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the impact of external shocks on oil exporting economies and the role of monetary policy in this context. It consists of three essays. In the first essay, we build a Multi-sector Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model to investigate the impact of both windfall (an increase in oil price) and boom (an increase in oil resource) on an oil exporting economy. Our model is built to see if the two oil shocks (windfall and boom) generate, in the same proportion, a Dutch Disease effect. Our main findings show that the Dutch disease effect under its two main mechanisms, namely spending effect and resource-movement effect, occurs only in the case of flexible wages and sticky prices, when exchange rate is fixed. We also compare the source of fluctuations that leads to a strong effect in term of de-industrialization. We conclude that the windfall leads to a stronger effect than a boom. Finally, the choice of flexible exchange rate regime helps to improve welfare.In the second essay, we estimate, by using the Bayesian approach, a DSGE model for Algerian economy investigating the dynamic effect of four external shocks (oil price, real exchange rate, international interest rate and foreign inflation), and examining the appropriate monetary policy rule. Our main findings show that, over the period 1990Q1-2010Q4, core inflation target is the best monetary rule to stabilize both output and inflation. In the third essay, we investigate the impact of the recent increase of oil price on a small open oil exporting economy. For this, we estimate a Dynamic, Stochastic, General equilibrium (DSGE) model for some oil producing countries using the Bayesian approach. We consider, in this essay, a sample of 16 oil exporting countries (Algeria, Argentina, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela) over the period from 1980 to 2010, except for Russia where our sample begins in 1992. In order to distinguish between high-dependent and low-dependent countries, we use two indicators : the ratio of fuel exports to total merchandise exports and the ratio of oil exports to GDP. We estimate the median for each ratio on our 16 studied countries. Countries above (below) the median are considered as high (low) oil dependent economies. We verify if the first group is more sensitive to the Dutch disease effect. We also assess the role of monetary policy. Our main findings show that in the first sample, namely high oil dependant economies, 6 countries are affected by the Dutch disease (decrease in the manufacturing production). Low oil dependant countries, are less affected by the fluctuation of oil price. Indeed, only one country has suffered a Dutch disease effect after the shock. Nevertheless, Regarding the appropriate monetary policy rule, we find that both inflation targeting and exchange rate rules may be effective to contain the size of the Dutch disease effect. Our results suggest that in Algeria and Saudi Arabia, inflation targeting offers better performances. We observe the opposite in Gabon, Kuwait, Oman, and Venezuela. Such results are consistent with economic theory. Indeed, we see that in more open economies and smaller countries (in terms of economic size), the exchange rate rule is preferable to inflation rule. Venezuela seems an exception. Such country does not fulfill the traditional criteria favoring the choice of the exchange rule. In fact, this exception is only apparent. First, if we consider the volatility, we see that Venezuela is among the most volatile economy. Second, Venezuela suffers from a fiscal dominance effect: both inflation rate and fiscal deficit are the highest relative to other studied countries
Knierzinger, Johannes. "Le contrôle des multinationales sur les villes de bauxite en Guinée : comment descendre d'un lion." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010657.
Full textThis is a thesis on the social and political consequences of bauxite mining in Guinea . A few years before independance in October 1958, Guinea became part of a worldwide production network of mines, refineries, smelters and metal-working factories which where all controlled by a few interconnected companies. The thesis focuses on the political and social consequences of this inclusion into global commodity chain which results in cars, cans, airplanes, building and other things made out of aluminium. Beside the de facto foreign control over several bauxite towns, the three Guinean bauxite mines also provided also most governmental income since independance and had thereby a strong impact on the history of this country. In order to show these interconnections the thesis treats (1) the intrests of producer countries, receiver countries and international institutions (2) risk management and profit maximizing strategies (chain governance) of transnational companies and (3)the renogatiation and the effects of this global production network on the local level
Rougeon, Marina. "Relations de proximité, pratiques de bénédiction et religiosités caseiras. Une approche sensible dans la ville de Goiás, Brésil." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20112.
Full textThis work presents an analysis of blessing practices and “close” relationships in a city of central-western Brazil. Ethnography in the neighbourhoods of Goiás allows to question forms of religiosity designated by the term caseiras and the notion of closeness in the everyday life of Goiás inhabitants. Promoting a sensible approach of blessing practices and of “close” relationships, photography is mobilized as a tool for fieldwork, but also an analytical device and as a form of knowledge, to emphasize the particularity of ethnographic experiences of the sight and images. It also allows to develop an ethnographic narrative articulating text and images. Anthropological content as well as aesthetic and emotional aspects of blessing practices are privileged in this research. To focus on the blessing practices allows to grasp relations of solidarity, of conflict and intergenerational relations, which participate in the development of social ties between “close” people. As they also involve transmission between women, “close” relationships are driven by emotional ambiguities based on both complicity and rivalry. The disorders such relationships can cause find forms of expression and resolution into caseiras religiosities, as blessing practices are a way to regulate conflicts of everyday life by working on body and mind illnesses resulting from such conflicts. This work demonstrates how “close” relationship is not always harmonious. It also intends to show how unofficial forms of knowledge and therapeutic-religious practices, although central for entire social groups, can give a fresher look of the goiana society and of the brazilian society from the angle of the margins of institutional knowledge
Christophe, Véronique. "La malédiction des ressources naturelles : une question de dépendance ou de dispersion?" Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4947/1/M12515.pdf.
Full textMichaud, Alexandre. "La malédiction du génie chez l’artiste balzacien, suivi de Comme les autres." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22003.
Full textBoucher, David. "La malédiction d'Ixion : essai sur l'esthétique de l'absurde au théâtre et au cinéma." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17180.
Full textMukenge, Arthur Ngoie. "L'analyse du thème la colonisation dans les œuvres littéraires Ngemena de Paul Lomami Tchibamba et La Malédiction de Pius Ngandu Nkashama." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/440.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2009.
Nonone, Josette. "Lecture d'une ambivalence identitaire de la société martiniquaise : essai psychanalytique d’une aliénation." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10229.
Full textAs a large part of the islands of the Caribbean, for economic reasons based on mercantilism, justified by law, Martinique, created three centuries ago, was a massive tangle of various ethnic groups. Following the abolition of slavery in 1848 and the agricultural crisis that arose in this patch is a custom which took place with the immigration of Indians, Africans, Chinese and Indochinese. In doing so, these customs have preserved their traditions and beliefs, thus explaining the fusion of these cultures still present today. Abolishing slavery, the "Act" also abolishes reification, since the black slave was considered as furniture, restoring the Humanity of Man. This results in the creation of a new world, changing the culture, deploying habits and a way of thinking, acting and structuring a new language. In 1946, Martinique is renowned French department of America. Today Martinique is at a state of economic and social dependence. In fact, a conflict requires the Afro-Martinique on the question of identity. The subject is divided between the Franco-European and Afro-Caribbean middle class. This contradiction comes as confrontation situations where it often follows a feeling of "fate" or "curse" causing "a sense of collective guilt" for daring to challenge the existing social order. » .