Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mali – Dans la littérature'
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SANGARE, MAMADOU. "L'histoire et le roman dans la trilogie kouta de massa makan diabate : "le lieutenant de kouta", "le coiffeur de kouta", "le boucher de kouta"." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030151.
Full textMassa makan diabate through his triology (le lieutenant de kouta, le coiffeur de kouta, le boucher de kouta) reconstructs the political and cultural evolution of the malian history : from colonization through modibo keita's socialist regime to the coming of the army to power. In this reconstruction, history is submitted to modifications by the exageration of events on one hand and by the substitution of fiction for reality on the other hand. Through this process which is at least characterized by the recuperation of the oral tradition. The novel refuses to be a mere mode of representiny history. The relationship between the triology and history is based both on the link (or the similarity) between fiction and facts and on the distance (or the resistance). The imaginary reconstruction of history remains partial but it is essential for there to be a relation between history and fiction. The novel reflects the perversity of the colonial policy and the paradox of the independance : doubt, despair and disillusion take over from hope and illusion
Drabo, Paul. "Réminiscences mythiques et quête initiatique dans la geste de Segou : transcription, traduction, commentaire." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120040.
Full textThe formulation of our subject of thesis "mythical reminiscences and rite initiatory quest in segou's verse chronicle (segou's "geste") is inspired by the observation that a trinitarian and consubstantial relationship exists between the underlying myth, the initiatory schema and the epic poem (la chanson de geste). Therefore, we have tried to establish the fact that, if myths and initiation belongto the domain of the sacred, the abstruse and the esoteric, the natural vocation of the verse chronicle is to popularize them, permitting their understanding by the ordinary man. We have defined the scope of our research domain by the study of twelve episodes, that are transcribed and translated from segou's "geste", and told by the griot baba cissoko, the chronicler daye baba diallo and the choreographic orchestra named "national instrumental group of mali". The choice of those narratives was dictated by the historical chronology of segou's bambara kingdom, and notably, the origin of the state foundation, the pinnacle of kouloubali and diara dynasties, the territorial annexation wars and the decline of segou's power, resulting from macina's fulani "irredentism". Our methodology, based on ethnologic, historical and linguistic works, take care to emerge from those works, essentially by the analysis and the highlighting of literality phenomenon, and, as it happens, the expression of the orality in the epic tales. In accordance with this perspective, we have focused our study on the themes of lyrics in their mythical and apologetic meaning of creative word, of the concept of the divine in bambara's cosmogenesis, of the political power and its hieratic and hierarchical aspects, of the spirit of convivial life in the city, of the family institution in correlation with the normative principles of education, of morality and tradition. To reach this aim, we have spaced out the development on the following steps : in backdrop, we have presented an historical glimpse of segou's and kaarta's bambaras, followed by an introduction of bambara's pantheon and sanctuary, with the intention to prove that the mythical and rite initiatory reminiscences of the "geste" take their source from the bambara's spiritual beliefs. We have got the conclusion that, through the allegory of segou's "geste", a deteriorated or, at least, a degenerative form of cosmogonic and etiological myths
Guinle, Francis. "Les stratégies narratives dans la recension damascène de Sīrat al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Baybarṣ." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/guinle_f.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to analyse the narrative strategies in a storyteller’s manuscript of the Damas recension of Sīrat al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Baybarṣ, and to determine its specificities. Like any form of narration, the sÐra genre depends on a grammar shared by all the siyar. Yet, every single recension can also develop its own narrative strategies. Beyond the invariants, what contributes to the specificity of the Damas recension is a particular use of the variant elements. Some fundamental concepts of the genre, such as the episode structure, repetition, formulaic style, double and substitution are brought into play in specific strategies which are based on essential choices in the narrative, such as, for instance, a continuous disclosure which leaves little scope for suspense
Saraj, Hélène. "La notion de patrie "Vatan" à travers la poésie de Mohammad Taqi Saburi dit Bahâr Malek al-̌Soʿarâ (1886-1951)." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030005.
Full textPatrie(homeland-"vatan", and patriotism appear as a main subject in the whole work of bahar, this major autor of the first half of the twentieth century in iran. My approche to this subject in bahar's poetry made it necessary to develope my analyses in two branches. The first one is the conceptual aspect of "patrie" and the second one is its poetical presentation. This reflection couldn't be completed without a general approche to the interpretation of "patrie" through iranien believes, culture and poetry. This approche made it clear that this concept dose exist in iranien culture from olden times. It only concerns a county, a region, a nativeland or hometown (shahr-o diar), but some times it appears as a country or nation-state (keshvar). The presentation of these concepts is developed inthis research(the small patrie "shahr vatan" and the grand patrie "keshvar vatan"). From the beginning bahar had a deep attachement to his nativel1nd (xorasan). Meanwhile, this attachement became moree ardent when he left his region to comme to tehran. The concept of grand patrie is developed by bahar within idea of iran, but it dosen't represent always the same teritorial, socio-political and cultural dimensions. The diversity of the portrait of iran follows the historical evolution of this country and it takes the three dimensions of passed, present and future. The bahar's art in relation with the notion of patrie is his ease to metamorphosis it. Bahar gives to the patrie a body and a soul. With the succes he arrives to make a poetical patrie in the different stage of its existance. The patriotic poetry of bahar has the variety in its form and it is riche in images and the vocabulary. Bahar barrows from the past the forms, but in the contents his is modern and reflects the problemess of his time, particulary the different aspects of iranien patriotism. This poet is able to marry the tradition with the innovation
Alsheibani, Jamal. "Réécrire l'histoire au féminin : les enjeux idéologiques et poétiques de la narration dans Loin de Médine." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/09CERG0412.pdf.
Full textOur work consists in studying Loin de Médine, a historical novel by Assia Djebar, in its relationship with History. The author is based on, and at the same time criticizes the works of Ibn Saad, Ibn Hicham and Tabari and, by selecting excerpts and resorting to fiction, aims at demonstrating that their vision of facts can be questioned. It is thus opposed to History made by men and for men. Shaking certitudes is a first step towards expressing her own version, which does not rest on the opposition between right and wrong, but between fiction and plausibility. Consequently the events related in the novel become significant in the organization of the text. History is recreated and gains meaning. The author, who situates her novel in the early period of Islam, re-reads and re-writes this period by replacing women at the heart of her story. Turning History into fiction enables her to show the women who have been close to the Prophet as heroines who paved the way for Muslim women today. Loin de Médine is thus rooted into the current events of the 80's and 90's, and also appears both as a warning to Algerians and an answer to the rise of radical Islam. In her writings AD takes a stand, since she does not shrink from dealing with topical subjects such as wearing the veil, male supremacy or women's speech
Benkhmas, Omar. "Procédés et fonctions de l'ironie à travers la Risalat at-tawabi' wa z-zawabi' "Épître des subordonnés et des génies" d'Ibn Shuhayd al-Andalusi." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040273.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to expose the methods of irony through an epistle of the time of Omayyad. It is constituted of general introduction that presents the historical field and the technical approach as well as the aims of the selection. In the first chapter, we have proposed to assemble a great number of indications that are personal or general concerning the biography of Ibn Shuhayd and his work. The second chapter is a technical proceding, which has helped us to recognize irony and its effects on those who are being ironized. We have also designated the author as an ironist and his links. And the proportions of this irony in the field of Andalusian literature. As for the last chapter is concerned it is a test where the author metamorphosed his opponents in order to dishonor and to scorn their cultural capacity. Hence, this is the aim of the revival of an author who has been hurt by the collapse of the Amiride's dynasty, and the scorns of his opponents, a writer who represents points of view, a precursor of literature, critics and rhetorical problems
Sidibé, Fodé Moussa Balla. ""la confrerie des chasseurs bamanan : litterature et societe a travers des chants et recits de chasse"." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040125.
Full textOur following work is devoted to the bilingual presentation - in bamanan and french languages - of six (6) epic tales and six (6) hymns from the traditional bamanan hunters of mali. A literary work being the reflection of its society, a brief presentation of the bamanan people is done on historical, economical and socio-cultural levels. Moreover we endeavour to bring out the literary richness and the socio-cultural fonctions of the hunters brotherhood's specific literature; underlining the religious life, beliefs and conceptions of the traditional bamanan hunter
Sahli, Majdi. "Le soufisme dans Hayy Ibn Yaqzān de Muhammad Ibn Tufayl (av. 1110-1185) : une dimension spirituelle sous-jacente aux aspects philosophiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC023.
Full textOrientalists interpret Hayy Ibn Yaqẓān by Muḥammad Ibn Ṭufayl (ca. 1110-1185) as a “philosophical novel” without grasping the Gnostic and Sufi dimension of his work. Yet, the text clearly narrates the steps of Hayy Ibn Yaqẓān’s Ascension. He first discovers God by practising philosophical meditation. Then, he gains the knowledge of God thanks to spiritual meditation. However, behind the philosophical elements we can perceive the doctrinal elements of Sufism. His work is a parable about holiness. It deals with issues of agreement between Philosophy and Religion, and with the dual spiritual dimension of the Saint, which is both exoteric and esoteric. But above all, this text sheds light upon the predominantly theosophical nature of Andalusian Sufism
Diabate, Sekou. "Enseigner la littérature négro-africaine au Mali de 1960 à 1995 : enjeux et perspectives." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081945.
Full textEl, Khoury Sylvana. "Parole, corps et pouvoir dans les romans de ‘Alawiyya Ṣubḥ." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA093.
Full textThe work of the Lebanese novelist 'Alawiyya Ṣubḥ (Beirut, 1955) is traversed by an intrinsic relationship between the unimpeded body and its exercise of speech, likewise between the repressed body and its enslavement in silence, all being linked to a fear of what feminine would be in its corporal and linguistic manifestations. Faced with the repressive norms, the language of the characters being a place where power and knowledge articulate on the one hand and their body, as the place of the exercise of male domination on the other hand, become places of counter power. In other hands, they become places of upcoming "subjectivities", as Michel Foucault would say. In the three novels of Ṣubḥ: Maryam al-ḥakāyā (2002), Dunyā (2006) and Ismuhu l-ġarām (2009), arises the question of the representation of women and the possibility for them to be voiced and heard. In the patriarchal system depicted in these novels, silence is the norm against which the voice of certain women and men rises. Therefore, when their word intervene, lying at the confines of the admissible, the suitable and the sustainable, it has immediately the value of transgression. Once this word has come, the woman, main subject of this word, recovers her voice and the image of her body. The body is the first place where the patriarchal appropriation of feminine discourse manifests itself, and the reappropriation of this discourse by woman becomes the first and principal sign of a possible emancipation. A « feminin » speech is then celebrated, a speech that is not exclusively that of women, yet a speech that does not pretend to the universal, and which allows the emergence of a minority discourse that escapes the logocentric and theocentric visions of the world
Ba, Allassane. "Le droit des terres : défis et enjeux dans le processus de décentralisation au Mali." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010268.
Full textCanut, Cécile. "Dynamique et imaginaire linguistiques dans les societes a tradition orale. Le cas du mali." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030052.
Full textThe study of internal and external linguistic dynamics in africa, especially in mali, requires a specific theorical and methodological approach in order to delimit the complexity of plurilingualism. The descriptive, interpretative and predictive analysis shows that the linguistic imaginary of the speakers has an influence on the lingual production, as the internal and external (social, interactional) causalities do. Although the convergence in the attitudes about bamanan language doesn't correspond to the tamasheq and songhay speakers to the convergence in the uses, anyway it seems that the expansion of this vehicular language is increasing. This phenomenal allows to provide, in a long term, a linguistic unification of the country which linguistic politics and plannings would have to take into account
Camara, Malamine. "L'autisme infantile dans le monde Bambara au Mali." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083071.
Full textThis thesis focuses on exploring infantile autism in the Bambara world in Mali. It consists primarily in interpreting autism for the Bambara because in the Bambara World, autism is perceived as a transformation. But this interpretation is full of invisible and surpernatural entities that interfere strongly in mental illness in particular. In fact, this research aims at clarifying and giving some information why "den mayélmalen" children (Transformed children) who are so called in the Bambara traditional culture those children show clinical similarities to the children for whom a diagnosis of autism is established in west countries. We don't want to make a comparative study but advocated the complementarities between various approaches, notably biological and traditional approches so as to better understand infantile autism and to better define it
Fane, Siaka. "Questions foncières et conflits d'usage dans la zone d'influence du barrage de Talo (région de Ségou, République du Mali)." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/146281322#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textLand access, uses of the land, and land managing utilities around the Talo dam is the focus of this research. The study of the space-time dynamics into this area reveals different land issues and conflicts for land use before and after the dam was completed. Available fields to till and grow agricultural products were there previously scarce, due to the growing peopling of the area and a drying weather. Conflicts between peasants worsened after the Planning Authority achieved renting irrigated plots for rice growing to selected families. Village traditions are now unable to manage most of the farmers’ struggles. Sate Justice is more and more the way to solve disputes. Changes into the local geographic system due to the dam are prominent. A GIS to manage land exchanges between families based on equivalence soils valuation between dry and irrigated farming is the proposal of this thesis to help managers regulating agricultural land during irrigated land developments
Ni kalan nyi be tali ke dugukolon dili, a barali ani a matarafali la Talo baraji gun na. Makan mininw kere ka kon Talo baraji sigi, ani minunw kere a ko ko, uluw bela jelen sera ka don ni kalan nyi senfe. Nin baraji nyi sigili ni sababa ma ben, kadakan, jè baralen di cogo kera sababu ye ka magan korow juguya. O magaw nununw be siri lendo jama tiayali ni jii ko geleyali la. Sisan, dugukolon makan bongnana bulon kono sariyaw ma, o kèlen, a ko gnè yeleman jamana sariya bolon kan. Nin kalan nyi ye tiakèmina minan do gilan min matarafali bi seka bela jelen dème ka dugukolon makanw bali. O tiakèmina sinsin len do, foro falen cogoyaw kan sènèlaw cè
Brondeau, Florence. "La dynamique actuelle des écosystèmes dans le Sud-Mali : essai d'analyse cartographique." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30015.
Full textMali has experienced servere drought since the beginning of the 1970 th, together with a demographic explosion and an economic crisis. The dynamics of the ecosystems and the functioning of rural societies have completely disrupted. Cultivators and stock breeders have been unable to overcome such degradation of natural potential, given the condition of agricultural techniques used up to now. Population and livestock migration on an unprecedented scale has been the result, leading to a total redistribution of pressure over the various environments. Drought and anthropisation will become apparent on a greater or lesser scale, depending on the different regions. The capacity to adapt of the various environments is a major element in the regionalisation of the agro-ecological crisis, which seems to be becoming generalised
Bazile, Didier. "La gestion des espèces ligneuses dans l'approvisionnement en énergie des populations : cas de la zone soudanienne du Mali." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20075.
Full textSocial sciences can contribute a great deal to better understanding the subtle relationship between mankind and its environment: "ethnoscience" has proven to be an invaluable tool when tackling issues related to ecology, forest sciences and agronomy in a tropical environment. In Mali, fuel supply depends on firewood to the rate of 91%; charcoal clearing usually occurs round about the main towns, which have been studied first. As population growths rapidly in the country, so does demand for fuel. Supplying towns with fuel depends on the evolution of farm systems and their productive capacity, which were worth analyzing. This research deals with the structure of society, the way the farmers act, where and how decisions are made. According to a scaling-up methodology and a systemic approach, data was gathered and processed in a suitable spatial framework. In addition, a range of indicators was set up to help model a regional land system typology. The main purpose was an attempt to understand how farmers have access to and manage fuel resources, as well as to explain the strategy of the farm units. A decision-making model with regard to "agrosystem" management has been proposed based on the data collected at the various working scales. This model is based on three major established facts. First, fuel-wood consumption increases as a function of availability of fuel resource, and according to the grade of dispersal of the large African family. As they form a valuable energy supply of 1,5 m3/ha/year, fallow fields should be used as a very short rotation copse inside the rotation system. In addition, the rural landscape known as "tree park" represents an unused stock of scattered fuel, and the traditional "tree park" scattered structure should be rationalized and converted into a linear system, more suitable for farming, cattle breeding and forest. Town fuel supply should be changed to a long-term, sustainable management process which should be administrated at the community, with a goal to trade any potential stock surplus for increased revenues
Bathily, Aboubacar Idrissa. "L'impact de la décentralisation sur la politique et l'économie dans les cercles de Kati et Kita au Mali." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/140534598#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textLooks on local development in Mali trough decentralization bring more often hopes. Hopes for local actors not only to take themselves in charge but also to see their society making itself the political experience forming, the "happy" world of the futur making. It is also for the structure of cooperation to find it the "germs" of a sustainable development that a lot of large programs could not institute. To clarify the political and economics issues raised by the valorisation of the local, we have diversified our research place by taking two distinct towns concerned by the same reforms. By interesting to what people do in their locality concerning the matter of decentralization, it is about to refine the problematics already existing to analyse the impact on the political and economics modes which are made it or experienced it
Sacko, Massambou. "La surveillance prénatale dans le district de Bamako (Mali)." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066726.
Full textTallec, Fabien. "Rôle de l'action collective dans la construction de la qualité dans une filière agro-alimentaire : analyse des différentes formes de coordination des commerçants de la filière des céréales sèches au Mali." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS025S.
Full textImproving the quality has become one of the stakes in agro-commodity chains. In developing countries, this process has sped up in the last twenty-two years because of the liberalization of the agricultural sector and the market segmentation. In these countries, improvement of the quality is subdued to specific constraints. First of all, states have neither the ability nor the credibility to support official norms of quality. Secondly, variability of the agro-climatic conditions leads to a large heterogeneity of the quality of the agricultural production. This thesis focuses on the coordination of economic agents of these commodity chains for the improvement and validation of their quality, including these different constraints. The framework is along the line of a neo-institutional economic way of thinking and uses the theory of transaction cost and the theory of collective action. In this case, the quality is as an endogenous variable and depends on the governance of agricultural chains. The analysis of the non-irrigated cereal chains in Mali shows a symbiotic relationship between the vertical coordination (linked with the traditional networks) and the horizontal coordination (using the collective action between the bosses of the networks) in improving the quality. The study case of three traders’ groups displays their efficiency when they are located in the pivotal role of commodity chains. The approach by the collective action in the three different devices underlines the determining factors to improve the quality
Sidibé, Toumani. "L'anglais comme discipline dans les établissements d'enseignement professionnel et technique au Mali." Angers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ANGE0026.
Full textAfter an historical introduction of the main didactic streams in professional and technical teaching in mali, this thesis tries to analyse the present situation: ressources, needs, an evaluation of the teaching through questionnaires handed out to students as well as teachers. It then turns to the limitative factors of a good performance in english at the level of the programmes as well as of the school books, the teaching methods and the administration. Solutions are offered: a new type of programme based up on the development of skills in oral communication only: new teaching skills taking into account the pancity of ressources and tending to develop a critical and innovative approach on the part of the teacher; a more rational conception of the importance granted to the teaching of english in professional and technical schools. Among the new teaching skills, a particular effort of reflexion has been made in the field of written comprehension and in that of the use of the new technologies
Diallo, Ali Moussa. "Contribution de l'éducation à la croissance économique : une analyse de l'allocation des ressources publiques dans le système éducatif du Mali." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DIALLO_Ali_Moussa_2007.pdf.
Full textGuindo, Tidiani Al Moulaye. "Les investissements étrangers dans la production de l'or en république du Mali et le développement économique." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05D007.
Full textThe problematic of underdevelopment remain a widely phenomenon in third world countries which majority is in Africa. States confronted to the problem, struggle in decades to improve their economic situation in order to face many challenges which keep them in the vicious circle of poverty and dependency. In their struggle, these poor countries are sustained by the western developed countries and their financial institutions which advocate liberalism as the main remedy to the underdevelopment. So, Mali which is a developing country, decided to apply liberal recipes imposed by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund through the Washington consensus, attempting to start an economic take-off. The liberalization of the mining sector considered a long time as a symbol of state’s sovereignty means to reach this aim
Lima, Stéphanie. "Découpage entre espaces et territoire : la fin des limites ? : la fabrique des territoires communaux dans la région de Kayes, Mali." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT5021.
Full textThe creation of municipalities, in a context of decentralization, reveals an original process that articulates both bottom-up and top-down approaches. The Malian government designed a partnership that associates the population with the operation of munipalities boundaries setting. The divisions operated are different when the social space is taken into account in the making of "territoires". The division is a mechanism that participates in the "territorialisation" (process of making "territoires"). In Kayes area, lived space is structured by mobility and social networks at different scales, so the action of sharing space is related to the social sphere. Once people's representations of space and spatial practices have been integrated in the making of institutional territories, what appears is that created centralities and emerging delimitations do not correspond with the general territorial model. My PhD. Research focuses on the very nature of these municipalities, that questions the interrelations between the division process, space and "territoire"
Diabate, Alhousseini. "La protection juridique du consommateur d’aliments à l’épreuve du libéralisme économique dans un pays en développement : l’exemple du Mali." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT4003.
Full textTraoré, Kamana Jean-Yves. "Le défi démocratique et la décentralisation face à la société et à la culture Senufo : réarticulation des pouvoirs dans cinq communes rurales du cercle de Sikasso - Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0192.
Full textThis thesis, entitled "Senufo society and culture faced with democratic challenge and the decentralisation policy : the redistribution of powers in the rural communes in the Sikasso (Mali) cercle [county]" is divided into three parts. The first part traces the history of settlement and analyses the socio-cultural organisation and development of the various systems of power in the region. The second part deals with the advent of democracy and the implementation of decentralisation (communal division, choise of county towns, production of electoral lists and organisation of elections. It includes an analysis of relationship between younger and elder people, and between political local reasoning. The third part examines "the communes put to the test of democratic practice". It analyses the relationship between actors at various levels (mayors/bureau and communal council/support staff/village bodies/administration/political bodies) and looks intothe various sectors of communal intervention. An analysis of the connection between decentralisation and land use will show that land strategies remain largely dominated by village chiefdoms
Diakité, Cheick Hamallah. "Suivi des unités de paysage dans une région soudano-guinéenne à l'aide des données de télédétection." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0322.
Full textThe part of the study, dealing with the analysis of environmental unit evoltion in a "sudano-guinean" climatic region with remote sensing, take place in maramandougou south-west of mali. The implementation of selingue dam and of hydraulic facilities for agriculture has modified the landscape of dry forest and wood savannah. False colour composites, satistical files and a thematic map enable the esrablishment of a base map for the environmental units. The processing and analysis of these datas are undertaken through photo-interpretation, classical statistical methods and mathematical morphology. The computation took place on rather simple equipements. The various processing results are validated by field work datas. They lead to the conclusion of the importance of paper print remote sensing images in the analysis of the evolution of natural resources in developing countries
Traoré, Ousmane. "La libre administration des collectivités territoriales dans les pays africains : le cas du Mali." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR1D010.
Full textThe african local governments can not be understood without consider the colonialism, which introduced this new administration system unknown by africans. The first local government in africa were appeared first in senegal in mali they appeared only 1918. Local government system of french, provocated in african structures much of bad influencies, even for europeans it was an occasion by which african peoples can applicate and know liberty and modern technical system of public managment at local government level. We can conclude, without forgetting that french influencies had advantages on african political organization. The first local government in mali, has failed by agreat centralization which influenced the political system which was socialism. The second republic, after the putsch directed by military group will give a new point of view of that administration, but all the local government during this period was controled by militar officers or by public agent who named by central power. Lastly the new reform is engaged by bamako district, and 1986, 5th octobre, the departement of the minister of interior which charged of local government and c. N. R. A. (1) and all the mayors of mali engaged pouparlers about local government will concern the rural countries and urban country. It will be most great reform about local government that mali will know. (1) c. N. R. A. National commission of administrative reform
Dembele, Fadiala. "Influence du feu et du paturage sur la végétation et la biodiversité dans les jachères en zone soudanienne-nord du Mali : cas des jeunes jachères du terroir de Missira (Cercle de Kolokani)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30111.
Full textAdésir-Schilling, Michèle. "L'herbe, le poisson et le riz : transformation des paysages et dynamiques paysannes dans le Kotiya (Delta central du Niger, Mali)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010577.
Full textSince 1968, persistent water deficits severely reduced the flood plains and natural resource base of the inland delta of Niger in Mali. In the Kotiya, a region situated in the heart of this complex watershed, the extended drought has had tremendous effects on the agricultural landscape, as witnessed by the underlying socio-economic changes. In this region of low population density, natural resources have traditionally been shared between the bozo fisherman and the transhumant fulani herdsmen. Despite deteriorating climatic conditions, inhabitants of the kotiya were able to take advantage of reduced flooding levels to develop a substantial rice-based agricultural system. The continuation of sufficient flooding attracted neighboring populations who were forced to migrate from nearby droughtafflicted regions and resettle in the kotiya. Interested by the ample natural resources still available, these settlers created new areas of resettlement in the kotiya referred to as daaka. These changes resulted in increased competition for the scarce natural resources and limited space which led to land disputes between herdsmen and agriculturists. As a result, ethnic conflicts have begun to pose serious questions concerning the future of herding activity in the region. Within this context of exceptional variability and change, affected populations were obliged to adapt by changing their socio-economic activities and their allocation of natural resources. Data from this system were collected, integrated, analyzed and compiled into a geographic information system (gis). The gis was found to be an efficient tool providing insight into the complex nature of the relation between man, space and time in the inland delta of Niger in Mali
Berthe, Issa Bara Issa. "Analyse du système de santé malien dans la perspective de réalisation des objectifs du millénaire pour le développement." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10116.
Full textJust before the 21st century, the challenge of the development is to find the rules and the institutions permitting to reinforce and to improve the sectarian, local, national, regional and world governance. The evolution of the progress, the knowledge, and the knowledge to make having taken in the space and having condensed the time, made the Men, of their adherence become aware to the same world network of aspiration to the development. Here is why a majority of country (rich and poor) subscribed to common objectives of development (objectives of the millennium). This enthusiasm voluntary will survive it to the absence or to the weakness of factual data permitting to support their policies better by indicators that means tools of help to the decision: system of information. The ultimate objective of this work consists to the analysis of the economic environment, politics, cultural, social, and especially sanitary of Mali, through the systems of information, to clear the essential features of his/her/its health system, the efficient priorities that it serves, the main hiatuses of his/her/its action, and therefore to prepare some decisions concerning allowance of resources, as well as to make the scheduling and rational programming in order to reach the objectives of the millennium for the development. The other scientific interest that such a survey causes, is the supply of a conceptual and formal setting of indicators serving to nourish the whole pyramid of the sanitary system of a country to the means enough limited and under constraint of outside financing. To finish, we will examine the consequences that induced the absence of formal information system in the fixing of the supportable priorities and in the follow-up and the assessment of the activities of the sanitary structures
Traoré, Moussa Khoré. "La gouvernance locale dans le secteur de l'Education au Mali." Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2004/document.
Full textThis thesis tackles the question of the local governance on the sector of the education in Mali. She propose an economic analysis of the mechanisms by which the public authorities imply the local actors (territorial collectivities, communities, services decentralized and decentralized by the state, the NGO) in the management and the offer of public services (education), while making a contribution of the problems of the local governance of the education. It is structured in three chapters, whit as frame of analysis the economy of the education, the economy of the development and the institutional economy.The first chapter gives to an overview of the Malian education system through some key indicators (rough rate of schooling, rate net schooling…) and its major characteristics of which inequalities of access. It also measure the weight of the sector of the education in the Malian economy in terms of educational public spending and analyzes quantitatively and qualitatively the educational offer before identifying the factors which influence the request for education of the families.The second chapter clarifies concept of the local governance and its evolution in particular in the sector education. It analyzes the management of the Malian education system between reform and transfer of competence and of responsibilities with the local actors, the mechanisms of coordination’s and cooperation’s. It deciphers the logics of approval of the governance of the education at the local level thanks to a study of ground led in the region of Kayes, Koulikoro, Segou, Sikasso and the district of Bamako near the local actors. The third chapter analyzes the stakes and the challenge of the governance local as strategy of educational development. He makes contribution to the problems of the governance of education by the local actors. It analyzes the contribution of those to the improvement of the educational offer and the schooling of the children during the period 2004-2011. Then, through an econometric application of the given of panel, it estimates the effects of the improvement of the school offer on the evolution of children. Lastly, this chapter evaluates the development of education at the local level through the index of educational development (IDE). In the term of our reflection, we consider that the local governance is an asset to improve certain educational indicators, in particular the rate of access, the rate of schooling, the school rate of retention, the school cover of country etc. for as much, it only the local governance could not satisfy or take up all the educational challenges, as well in their quantitative dimension as in their qualitative dimension
Huet, Jean-Christophe. "Les habitats perchés dans la boucle du fleuve Niger (Mali)." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040348.
Full textThe Bandiagara plateau and Gourma mounts were used as a refuge by dogon and sonrai populations fleeing plains insecurity. The villages are sometimes fortified and noteworthy for their troglodytic dwellings the habitation is the spatial expression of the social structure whose foundation is the minimal lineage. The social life is encapsulated in a complex symbolic system. A village bush dichotomy is the base of space conceptualization. Progression through life is associated with residence moves toward the village center where the village square express the power of gerontocracy
Jolly, Éric. "La bière de mil dans la société Dogon." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100015.
Full textAmong the dogon, millet is the primary food crop. This cereal is cooked and consumed daily within the family in the form of a solid porridge. Part of the millet crop is transformed into beer for social and religious purposes according to a logic that privileges not subsistence, but communication and the display of wealth. Millet beer is the principal source of wealth offered and shared in public. It nourishes social relations by circulating outside the "family" sphere, paralleling networks of marriage, kin, friends and neighbors. Prestige good, essential ing redient of festivals, and irreplaceable source of conviviality, millet beer is the key mechanism of solidarity, strategies of seduction, and rites of incorporation (for the living as well as the deceased). The cycle of fabrication serves as a thread articulating dogon ritual. Finally, during certain festivals, the consuption of beer sets the stage for the succession of generations and the transmission of knowledge from "fathers" to "sons", uniting by degrees all dog on villages. If millet nourishes, millet beer ensures the cohesion and reproduction of dogon society connecting (success ively or simultaneously) an ensemble of rituals, individuals and localities
Dupré, Jocelin. "Élaboration d'un modèle d'équilibre général calculable appliqué à l'économie du Mali pour évaluer les impacts de la diminution des subventions dans le secteur agricole et du coton." [S.l. :, 2007.
Find full textMbodj-Pouye, Aïssatou. "Des cahiers au village : socialisations à l'écrit et pratiques d'écriture dans la région cotonnière du sud du Mali." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/mbodj_a.
Full textThis research is an ethnographic approach of writing practices in the cotton-growing region of Southern Mali. The setting is multilingual; different ways of acquiring literacy are available: adult literacy classes, schooling (bilingual or not), Islamic learning. These practices involve three languages: French, the official language, still dominant as a written language; Bambara, which has been developed for adult literacy classes and bilingual schools ; and Arabic, mainly used for religious purposes. Becoming literate involves studying in one or more of these educational settings, and often other experiences, especially when migrating for work in urban places. Those different experiences of writing are analysed as different "literate socializations". These paths to literacy are considered more specifically for one village. The study of written pieces can give a deeper view of the practices villagers engage in. This study relies on the analysis of a corpus of written documents, especially notebooks. They deal with various topics and display a number of types of text (recipes, accounts, chronicles, etc. ), and they are often multilingual. One result of the research is that Bambara is actually used as a written language, but writers who are also proficient in French tend to preserve the higher status of the official language. Our analysis support the hypothesis that keeping a personal notebook is a way of objectifying the existence of a domain "of one's own" (private but not intimate). The uses of literacy are essential to understand how is currently redefined, in this area, the line between public and private
Coulibaly, Salif. "La pratique du contentieux administratif malien de l'indépendance à nos jours : Quelles perspectives peut-on trouver dans la pratique du contentieux administratif malien de l'indépendance à nos jours?" Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0049.
Full textHow does Mali's administrative law protect the Malian citizen, since the independence of the country? Is it convenient for a Malian citizen who has grievance against Civil Service to access the Administrative Court? If he brings an action before the Administrative Court, can he expect his case to be fairly processed? If a decision is reached against the Malian Civil Service how hard is it to give effect to it? And we could ask many more questions, which seem totally justified, more than forty years after the independence of Mali. We will appreciate the protection of the citizens from the point of view of proceedings before the Administrative Court and focus on the referral to the judge. That's why the referral to the court, the fact that current administrative law is unsuitable to the Malian social context, the difficult access to the court, plus various elements reducing the protection of the citizens, as well as the way that the system could be improved – in a few words, the drawbacks of Malian administrative law and the remedies that could be found – are subject to a critical, lucid and careful judgement. To deal with the matter of the citizens' protection against Civil Service, we will study the two main branches pointed out by Laferrière at the end of the 19th century which are the action in annulment and the action in compensation, but with a “tropical” touch. As Raphaël Alibert wrote it in 1926 the possibility to attack ultra vires actions remains “probably our best legal monument”. And the action in liability in Malian administrative law is also appropriate to Paul Duez's statement that “. . . .
Kail, Bénédicte. "L'insertion des jeunes sur le marché du travail à Bamako, Mali : enjeux de la scolarisation et de l'insertion professionnelle selon le genre." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0103.
Full textAfter showing how the increasing number and the political action of the young Bamakii which progressively form them inside social category, the analysis gives the difficulties of their insertion in the world of labor and establishes the link with the economic crisis and the inadequacy of employment-training. It also shows, in this contexte, the relation to the school is more and more fonctionalized. In addition, the economic difficulties and the surrounding sexism drive to a discrimination against the young girl, justifying an analysis by the kind. The processed data are principally derived from a qualitative investigation with thirty Bamakii household chosen for illustrating the diversity of the encountered situation. Their analysis is based on two principal sights : - the existence of stakes of scholarship. Those are different according to the social group and according to the kind, because they are linked to the actor's representation of school, of work, so of their own scholarship and of their subscription in the sex division of role and in social division of work. - The possibilities of professional insertion. Here again, they are different according to the school level reached and according to the kind. They reveal a specific feeling of the work because dressed of distinct finality, linked to the stake of scolarship : instrumental and social relation among young men, instrumental and individual among young girls. Thus, this investigation stipulated that school and the labor take part of all : acquisition of social status. Their analysis shows that they are revealers of socials changes and of individualisation phenomena which operate in bamako
Le, Marcis Frédéric. "Des maux ordinaires : une anthropologie de la santé au quotidien dans le Maasina (Mali)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0224.
Full textTraore, Modibo. "Étude de la productivité du bétail n'dama élevé en ranching et dans les troupeaux traditionnels du cercle de Yanfolila (Mali) : perspectives d'amélioration." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120045.
Full textDao, Faty. "Le rôle socio-économique de la femme dans la lutte contre la pauvreté en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Mali." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0055.
Full textTo analyse the situation of sub-Saharan African women their status in both social and economic should be considered. The eradication of poverty has been one of the priorities of the international community for a long time. The strategies chosen on the international and the national level are far from unanimous. The disparities existing between women in urban environments, and rural areas, are particularly striking as they oblige women to accept precarious conditions, given their vulnerablity. A theoretical framework oriented towards new concepts will enable economists to analyse this fight against feminine poverty and better take into account all the economic instablity and frailty with the inclusion of human dimensions. We shall question the integration of women in development. Can the consideration of women in the various development policies contribute to a better fight against poverty? Is the implication of women in this fight necessary and sufficient for long lasting social and economic development?
Gareyane, Mohamed. "La sédentarisation des nomades dans la région de Gao : révélateur et déterminant d'une crise multidimensionnelle au Nord-Mali." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_gareyane_m.pdf.
Full textThe nomads of north Mali a long time refused the policy of the colonial state then of the Malian state that considers the settling process as the basis of their integration and development. The current process results from two major facts that strongly affected the functioning and the structuration of social and economical life of nomads. It acts on the one hand, of the harmful effects of the dryness of 1984 and on the other hand, on the realization, following the intervention of NGO and the development projects, of many socio-economic infrastructures to accompany peace in an area weakened by the rebellion by the nineties. If settling process is justified by a socio-economic requirement, environmental reality constrains to the mobility maintenance, guarantees development of the breeding which remains still the system of production dominating and most viable. But, the priority of the socio-economic development compared to the environmental question puts doubtlessly risks for the future of the nomads. This future also will have to do facing the uncertainties of the recurring insecurity and the large building sites of development, in fact the dam of Taoussa as well as exploration and the possible oil exploitation
Bertrand, Monique. "La question foncière dans les villes du Mali : marchés et patrimoines /." Paris : Ed. Karthala : Ed. de l'ORSTOM, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35733354c.
Full textTraoré, Ibrahima. "L'Etat de Droit dans les Républiques du Mali et du Sénégal." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100084/document.
Full textLegally constituted state remains a reality in Mali and Senegal Republics, a piece of evidence the recurrent organization of competition elections which results are accepted by the losers. This democratic participation proves the interest demonstrated by decentralization politics. The latter constitute the fast track at local development. In addition, the absence of ethnic or religious parties testifies the anchor of true democracy. This one is confirmed in the democratic interpellation space during debates. These forums receive invaluable civil society expertise. But, the jurisdictional control more contributes to the rule of law because it participates in the regulation of authorities activity, in the protection of civil liberties and personal freedom
Ba, Alassane. "Exploitation du cheptel bovin dans la zone cotonnière au Mali-Sud." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSAM0016/document.
Full textIn the cotton-growing area of Southern Mali, the different studies conducted explain the growth of the cattle herds' size by the under off-take of the herds by the breeder. The objective of the thesis is therefore to make a diagnosis on the off-take of the cattle herds in the cotton-growing area of Southern Mali and to identify the constraints of the herd off-take. The research methodology combined zoo technical and sociological approach to analyze the practices and the off-take decisions of the breeder's herds. The use of a demographic model permitted to measure the sensitivity of the productivity rate to the different demographic parameters. The valued off-take rate of the herd was of 0.08 year-1. This rate compared to the rate of 0.11 year-1 of the numeric productivity of livestock shows that there is not under off-take of the cattle herds. The processes of animal's off-take imply several decision-makers. However, the different organizational structures and decision don't constitute a hindrance to the animal's off-take. The monetary need is the main reason of animal's sale to face the family's expenses. The rates of off-take and in-take of animals are tie with the herd size and the behaviors of the families. The off-take rate is related to the productivity of the herd. The productivity improvement passes by the reproduction improvement and the proportion of reproductive females in the herd
Fougère, Pauline. "État, idéologie et politique culturelle dans le Mali postcolonial (1960--1968)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5684.
Full textBousquet, François. "Des milieux, des poissons, des hommes : étude par simulations multi-agents : le cas de la pêche dans le delta central du Niger." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10058.
Full textKante, Aboubacar Sidiki. "Le présentéisme professionnel dans un contexte de rareté de l'emploi formel : la place des femmes salariées dans les entreprises industrielles du Mali." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1214/document.
Full textWe began this PhD research on the topic of absenteeism in industrial plants of Mali. This study on absenteeism allowed me to mention the regular presence of some women at work. That is why; the PhD Director Pascale de Rozario recommended focusing our research on this topic. The implementation and processing of data in liaise with the theoretical model of Max Weber allowed to identify four ideal types of presenteeist employee women: The traditional presenteeist woman influenced by funerals and burials. The affective presenteeist woman influenced by colleagues and managers’ support. The valued presenteeist woman whose behavior is justified by relatives support and her financial contribution towards those relatives. The rationale presenteeist influenced by standing orders and financial punishments resorting to respect of statutory acts
Coulibaly, Harouna. "Rôle des organisations paysannes dans la diffusion des semences de céréales : Articulation des réseaux semenciers étatique et traditionnels des paysans pour une conservation in situ des variétés. Cas des mils de sorghos au Mali." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100001.
Full textMali, country sahelian is located in a center of diversity of species among which are listed millet and sorghum. These two species are the main staple food crops. On-farm production represents the main source of seeds for peasants. Various reasons such drought or bad production motivate farmers to look permanently for more productive varieties. For that they have recourse to two seed supply systems which coexist on same space: the peasants’ seed system (PSS) and the formal seed system (FSS). The PSS which informally organized is the principal source of seed supply for peasants and more important than the FSS. In general, none of these systems satisfies the peasants’need seeds. Thus the farmer’s organizations of Mali, after participatory in research projects in varietal selection initiated her program of production and diffusion of certified seeds by co—operatives (FOSS). The result of this work put forward the multiplicity of the actors’ networks the seed systems with different resources, approachs and means. In the FSS, the choice of the varieties is done by the national seed service and the regional agriculture managers. Because of great diversity of the environments and preferences of the peasants, the restricted number of varieties and centers of multiplication it answer only one minority of situations. The FOSS diffuses certified seed to the satisfaction of its members. The full number of seed peasants and members to farmer’s organizations increases year by year. The quality of this network shows that the peasant is not hostile with the improved varieties. The various entities of the networks concerned with their articulation were formalized to produce a generic diagram of the management of the millets and sorghums varieties within in situ conservation
Eluther, Ena. "L'africanité dans la littérature caribéenne." Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA3001.
Full textCan the africanity of caribbean cultures come down to distant survivals, or constitute the foundation of these cultures ? Literature, as a mirror of peoples, as a painting of cultures, as art, allows to perceive the cultural and literary continuity between the african continent and its caribbean diaspora. The comparison of english-speaking and french-speaking novels from the Caribbean and from West Africa and Central Africa shows common cultural features and literary topoi from one area to the other : colonial trauma, protection and adaptation of ancestral legacy, common spiritual values, linguistic problematics, paintings of resistance struggles in which the writer himself is in the frontline. This comparative study, which sometimes draws from caribbean and african oral literature, as from caribbean spanish-speaking literature, suggests that one should view the afro-caribbean cultural expressions as an extension of african cultural expressions, offering in this way a large panorama of the cultural and literary black world. From 1921 to the early years 2000, this analysis takes into account the changes of african and caribbean literatures and the societies they represent. Have the changes definitively broken the african civilizational unity, the cultural links between Africa and the Americas ? On the contrary, the reading of the novels of the corpus shows an homogeneous and coherent picture of cultural and literary expressions of Africa and its caribbean diaspora, so doing putting Africa back into the center of caribbean culture
Murcia, Thierry. "Jésus dans la littérature talmudique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3076.
Full textThis study presents a survey and a systematic analysis of the passages of Talmudic literature (Mishna – Tosefta – Palestinian Talmud – Babylonian Talmud – Midrashim), relative to Jesus or are supposed to be. The documents are examined, criticized and confronted to other sources of Jewish or Christian origin (Hellenistic Jewish literature, Jewish Apocrypha, rabbinic sources, Targumim, Toledot Yeshu – New Testament, Apostolic Fathers, Church Fathers). The investigation tries to answer to several questions: - What did the rabbis exactly know about Jesus? - Has their information any historical value? - Has their perception undergone some evolution? - Did the rabbis of the Talmud have access to the Gospels as a written source? The conclusion of this thesis is that all these documents are rooted in their Sitz im leben. They obviously attest – contra Peter Schäfer (Jesus in the Talmud, 2007) – that the rabbis had no direct acquaintance with the Gospels as written documents. This study also shows, concerning the Babylonian Talmud, that all the passages relative to Jesus belong to the last editorial layer of this corpus (VIIe-VIIIe century)