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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Malic acid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Mitsch, Michael James. "Characterization of the NADP+-dependent malic enzyme of Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium) meliloti and investigations into the requirements of malate uptake and malic enzyme activity in bacteroids /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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2

Pounder, Ryan J. "The synthesis and ring-opening polymerisation of novel cyclic esters from malic acid." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34607/.

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The work in this thesis is directed towards the preparation of cyclic ester monomers using malic acid as a renewable resource. Their subsequent controlled ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) to yield functionalised poly(ester)s is studied and application in micellar self-assembly reported. Chapter 1 reviews the many synthetic strategies that have been employed in the preparation of functional glycolides, lactides, ε-caprolactones, δ-valerolactones and β-propiolactones. Their subsequent polymerisation and applications are also discussed. Chapter 2 describes the improved synthesis of 3-(S)- [(benz

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3

Hahn, Christian Joachim [Verfasser]. "Polyesters Based on Malic Acid - Pendant Hydroxyl Groups as Distinctive Feature for Versatile Modifications / Christian Joachim Hahn." Aachen : Shaker, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1051574692/34.

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4

Sandéhn, Alexandra. "Capillary Organic Electronic Ion Pump for Delivering Malic Acid - Towards Better Understanding of Drought Tolerance in Tropical Plants." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Laboratoriet för organisk elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178191.

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Delivery of biologically relevant ions such as drugs, neurotransmitters and hormones have been recognized as powerful a tool to control physiology of animals and plants for research purposes and practical applications. In the plant research community, ions are most commonly delivered as part of a solvent by soaking, spraying, pipetting or by adding to the soil. These methods have low control of the delivery dynamics and quantity of ion uptake. These issues motivated the development of the Organic Electronic Ion Pump (OEIP), which delivers only ions of interest by applying an external electric

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5

Coetzee, Zelmari. "Site and vintage response of malic and tartaric acid in Vitis vinifera L. cv’s Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85736.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Acids are one of the major components that originate largely from the berry, that are found in wine, and that influence the sensory perception. The presence of organic acids in adequate concentrations in the grape berry, of which tartaric- and malic acid are the main organic acids present, is important as this determines the potential of a must to produce a good and stable wine. The effect of temperature on the organic acid content of the must is widely discussed with higher temperatures in general being associated wi

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6

Horáček, Pavel. "Studium produkce extracelulárních polymerů pomocí mikroorganismu Aureobasidium pullulans." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216967.

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The diploma thesis is focused on the study of the influence of cultivation conditions and arrangement for the production of extracellular polymeric substances by using yeast-like microorganism Aureobasidium pullulans. In the theoretical part a brief description of A. pullulans, its use in biotechnology and produced exobiopolymers, especially pullulan and poly-L-malic acid are presented. The first aim of the experimental part was to set the most appropriate cultivation conditions for A. pullulans CCM 8182. Growth and production properties in optimum conditions were compared with cultivation on

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7

Al-Hossain, Md Shahriar. "Study of superconducting and electromagnetic properties of un-doped and organic compound doped MgB₂ conductors." Access electronically, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/90.

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8

Kniel, Kalmia Elisabeth. "Evaluation of chemical treatments and ozone on the viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in fruit juices." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27243.

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<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> is a protozoan parasite historically associated with waterborne and more recently foodborne outbreaks of diarrheal illness. Contamination of certain foods, such as unpasteurized apple cider, with infective oocysts may occur as oocysts are shed in the feces of common ruminants like cattle and deer that graze in and around orchards. Cryptosporidiosis can result in a severe illness for previously healthy individuals and a life-threatening illness in immunocompromised individuals. Disease occurs after the ingestion of small infective oocysts (4 to 5 mm in size). The r

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9

Volschenk, Heinrich. "Characterisation of L-malic acid metabolism in strains of Saccharomyces and the development of a commercial wine yeast strain with an efficient malo-ethanolic pathway." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52728.

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Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: L-Malic and tartaric acid are the most prominent organic acids in wine and playa crucial role in winemaking processes and wine quality, including the organoleptic quality and the physical, biochemical and microbial stability of wine. The production of premium wines depends on the oenologist's skill to accurately adjust wine acidity to obtain the optimum balance with other wine components to produce wine with optimum colour and flavour. Strains of Saccharomyces, in general, rarely degrade L-malic acid completely in

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10

Duchêne, Eric. "Une exploration des possibilités génétiques pour l'adaptation de la vigne au changement climatique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ059/document.

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Les effets du changement climatique ont d’ores et déjà été observés sur la vigne : avancement des stades de développement, augmentation des teneurs en alcool des vins, baisse excessive de leur acidité. Une des voies d’adaptation possible de la viticulture est la création de nouvelles variétés. J’ai caractérisé la variabilité phénotypique de 120 descendants de croisements entre Riesling (RI) et Gewurztraminer (GW) pour (1) les stades de développement, décrits à l’aide de sommes de températures (2) la capacité à accumuler des sucres dans les raisins (3) les paramètres de l’acidité des raisins. L

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11

Chabert, Adèle. "Traitement biosourcé du Hêtre par la formation in situ de polyesters à base d’Acide Malique - Étude du procédé et des propriétés physiques conférées, du petit échantillon à l’échelle de la planche." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0252.

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Le bois est un matériau hygroscopique dont les dimensions varient avec les conditions hygrothermiques de l'environnement qui l'entoure. Une des essences les plus nerveuses en France est le hêtre. Il est très abondant en Europe, peu durable, et nécessite donc une protection additionnelle pour améliorer sa durabilité et étendre son utilisation. Ce travail de thèse a étudié plusieurs traitements biosourcés par la formation in situ de polyesters à base d'acide malique. Deux types d'alcool ont été utilisés, l'un ramifié, le glycérol, l'autre linéaire, le 1,4-butanediol, afin d'observer si une plus

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12

Thomson, C. C. "Rootstock and canopy density effects on grape berry composition : organic acid composition, potassium content and pH." Lincoln University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/772.

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The influence of rootstock and canopy density on grape berry composition was investigated over the summer of 2003-2004 on a commercial vineyard at Waipara, North Canterbury. This experiment was designed to investigate the influence of rootstock and canopy density on the acid composition, potassium (K) content and final pH of harvested fruit (Pinot Noir AM 10/5 Lincoln Selection). The trial block consisted of eight rootstocks laid out to an 8 x 8 latin square, each plot consisting of five vines of the same rootstock. Two canopy treatments were overlaid the block (down whole rows, assigned rando

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13

Lautrette, Guillaume. "Capsules hélicoïdales auto-organisées par repliement d’oligoamides aromatiques pour la reconnaissance moléculaire." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14850/document.

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La reconnaissance moléculaire constitue l’une des questions fondamentales les plus discutées dans le domaine de la chimie supramoléculaire. Cette thèse présente la conception, la synthèse et l’étude des propriétés de capsules hélicoïdales auto-organisées par repliement d’oligoamides aromatiques. Ces récepteurs sont constitués d’une chaîne oligomérique se repliant en hélice et comprenant une séquence d’unités codant pour des diamètres différents. Le repliement de l’oligomère donne naissance à une cavité pouvant accueillir des molécules invitées. La grande modularité des séquences, permettant un

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14

Ayoub, Nadim. "Synthèse et valorisation des dérivés furaniques issus de la biomasse par oxydations sélectives." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2677.

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La biomasse fait partie des ressources renouvelables qui peuvent répondre durablement à nos besoins de production de carburants, de produits chimiques et de matériaux. En effet, la biomasse non comestible telle que la lignocellulose a attiré l'attention des chercheurs et des scientifiques au cours des dernières décennies en tant qu'alternative renouvelable. Le furfural et le 5-hydroxyméthylfurfural (HMF), dérivés de la déshydratation des pentoses et des hexoses respectivement, sont produits à plusieurs millions de tonnes par an. Ces derniers composés sont donc des molécules plateformes et repr

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15

Li, Shengchun. "Antioxidant systems and protein phosphatases in metabolic and signaling responses to oxidative stress." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112086.

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Le stress oxydant est un acteur clé dans les réponses des plantes à des conditions contraignantes. En raison de la complexité de la régulation de l’état redox cellulaire, il reste beaucoup à élucider concernant les interactions entre différentes composantes dans ces conditions. Grâce à une approche de génétique inverse basée sur un mutant d’Arabidopsis déficient en catalase (cat2) qui présente des modifications d’état redox prévisibles et bien définies, cette étude a exploré les interactions entre le stress oxydant et (1) un gène spécifique impliqué dans la déphosphorylation des protéines, (2)

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16

Zhang, Baohua. "Metabolic Engineering for Fumaric and Malic Acids Production." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1346338118.

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17

Barouti, Ghislaine. "New poly(hydroxyalkanoate)-based copolymers : from synthesis to tunable self-assembled systems." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S064/document.

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Les copolymères à blocs amphiphiles s’auto-assemblent en solution aqueuse grâce à l’association de leurs segments hydrophobes. Les nanoparticules formées à partir de copolymères biocompatibles et biodégradables tels que les poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) sont particulièrement attractives pour la conception de systèmes à libération prolongée de principes actifs. La relation entre la composition/structure chimique du copolymère, ses propriétés d’auto-assemblage et ses effets sur les cellules in-vitro doit être étudiée. Des copolymères à blocs poly(acide malique)-b-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PMLA-b

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18

Queji, Mary Dias. "DETERMINAÇÃO DE AÇÚCARES SIMPLES, ÁCIDO MÁLICO E COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS TOTAIS EM BAGAÇO DE MAÇÃ POR ESPECTROSCOPIA NO INFRAVERMELHO E MÉTODO DE CALIBRAÇÃO MULTIVARIADA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2008. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/662.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:53:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mary Dias Queji.pdf: 909281 bytes, checksum: 0364cd27c13b09019850a0944168a898 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-05<br>The agro industry of the apple generates, during the processing, the pomace which is considered the main by-product. Studies show that of the total amount of fruit that is processed to obtain the apple juice, 20 to 40 correspond to this by-product, which, is usually destined as a complement in animal feed or delivered onto the soil as organic fertilizer. The chemical composition, in moist base, is c

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19

Saayman, Maryna. "Characterisation of the malate transporter and malic enzyme from Candida utilis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16520.

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Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Yeast species differ remarkably in their ability to degrade extracellular dicarboxylic acids and to utilise them as their only source of carbon. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe effectively degrades L-malate, but only in the presence of an assimilable carbon source. In contrast, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is unable to effectively degrade L-malate, which is ascribed to the slow uptake of L-malate by diffusion. In contrast, the yeast Candida utilis can utilise L-malate as the only source of carbon

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20

Homola, Ondřej. "Acid Drop Age." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232447.

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21

Wang, Lili. "Adsorption of (poly)maleic acid and aquatic fulvic accids by goethite." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302190533.

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22

Yeniay, Secil. "Sulfonated Styrene-co-maleic Acid And Its Derivatives As Superplasticizers In Concrete." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609455/index.pdf.

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In the past three decades, a new group of concrete admixtures, termed &ldquo<br>superplasticizers&rdquo<br>, were introduced to the concrete industry. They have gained wide acceptance because of their many advantages. The addition of superplasticizers to concrete improves the workability and strength of concrete. In this study, the effect of the chemical structure of poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt (SSAMA), which contains both sulfonic and carboxylic acid groups, which is a new superplasticizer, was analyzed. Two different molecular weights of PEG (polyethylene glycol

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23

Charlton, Jack. "Solubilisation and characterisation of G-protein-coupled receptors using styrene maleic acid polymer." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6525/.

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Detergent-free solubilisation using a polymer of styrene maleic acid (SMA) has proven useful in the study of membrane proteins. SMA was employed to solubilise G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) from mammalian cells, into SMA lipid particles (SMALPs). Optimal SMALP solubilisation conditions were determined to be 2 % (w/v) SMA, at 37 °C for 1 h retaining wildtype (WT)-like pharmacological profiles and conferring improved stability on GPCRs over detergent micelles. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-retention motifs –KDEL and –KHILFRRRRRGFRQ were found not to be applicable to all proteins. Study of SMAL

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24

Malibo, Petrus Molaoa. "Development of heterostructured tin oxide nanocatalysts for the synthesis of bio-based maleic acid." University of Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8438.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>Maleic acid (MA) is a key intermediate for the synthesis of polyester resins, surface coatings, lubricant additives, plasticizers, copolymers, pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals. The current industrial production of MA is an energy-intensive gas-phase oxidation process of n-butane. The dwindling fossil resources and environmental issues have brought about a worldwide paradigm shift from fossil feedstocks to biomass resources for the sustainable production of fuel and chemicals. Furfural (FFR) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are excellent biomass-derived p

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25

Issaadi, Kahina. "Étude des propriétés thermiques et de la morphologie des nanobiopolymères à base de poly acide lactique : effet de la composition et de la nature de la nanocharge." Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS388/document.

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La thèse porte sur l’étude de la morphologie et des différentes propriétés thermiques, mécaniques et barrières à la vapeur d’eau des nanobiocomposites à base de poly acide lactique (pla). La première partie est consacrée au greffage de l’anhydride maléique (am) sur le poly acide lactique plagma et à la mise en oeuvre de nanobiocomposites pla/cloisites, plagma/cloisites et pla/plagma/cloisites en utilisant deux cloisites® différentes (c20a et c30b), préparés par voie fondue. Au travers des différentes techniques utilisées, les résultats révèlent que les nanobiocomposites pla/cloisites élaborés

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26

Wang, Yutong. "The role of accessory proteins in controlling the thyroid hormone regulation of transcription of the malic enzyme gene." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1793.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 106 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-102).

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27

Lin, Yu-pin. "Over-expression and biophysical characterisation of membrane proteins solubilised in a styrene maleic acid polymer." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1738/.

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Membrane proteins are the gateways into cells and therefore a critical part of pharmaceutical research. Membrane proteins, in fact, have been shown to be the target of over 50% of all medicinal drugs. The development of drugs that acts on membrane proteins, however, has been limited by the lack of high resolution structural data. This lack of information results from a lack of a generic method to extract active membrane proteins from the cell membrane. We have developed a novel styrene maleic acid (SMA) / lipid particle system termed SMALP that preserves the structural and functional integrity

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28

Alramadan, Ghada. "The Effect of Styrene-Maleic Acid (SMA) Copolymers on Solubilizing Lipid Bilayers and Forming Nanodiscs." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4843.

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Cell membranes, or plasma membranes, play an essential role in the structure and the function of living cells. In 1972, the fluid mosaic membrane model was the first unifying paradigm of membrane structure. It is no longer considered adequate because evidence of many non-homogeneous lipid structures in both natural and model membranes have been discovered over the past thirty years. The field of membrane biophysics now uses updated versions of the mosaic model, which consists of the complex mixture of different lipid species. The lipid species found in natural membranes produce a range of dyna

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29

Badot, Pierre-Marie. "Approche cellulaire du mécanisme du mouvement révolutif des tiges volubiles : Étude de quelques paramètres physico-chimiques." Besançon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BESA2032.

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Le mouvement révolutif serait la conséquence du déplacement circulaire d'une onde d'enrichissement en potassium qui induit avec un certain déphasage une onde de turgescence. Le mouvement serait donc le résultat d'un processus cellulaire marqué par un déséquilibre hydrique constamment entretenu

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30

Barcellos, Talita da Silva. "Eletrooxidação do ácido maleico utilizando diferentes composições de anodos dimensionalmente estáveis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59138/tde-11092009-110932/.

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Este projeto propôs a utilização de eletrodos de óxidos metálicos contendo RuO2 para realizar a eletrooxidacao do ácido maleico visando sua degradação total ou formação de produtos com menor grau de toxicidade. A oxidação de compostos fenólicos, clorados ou não, resultam em alguns produtos que interferem na mineralização completa das estruturas clorofenólicas, o ácido maleico, que é um dos principais intermediários obtidos depois da abertura do anel aromático. Os recobrimentos óxidos foram caracterizados por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura e Análise Dispersiva de Raios X. A caracterização

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31

Šikyňová, Martina. "Funkcionalizace polypropylenu maleimidy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-432952.

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Diploma thesis deals with preparation of polypropylene functionalized by maleimides, based on the reaction between maleic anhydride and amine. The overview of functionalization of polypropylene by maleic anhydride by reactive extrusion and routes for the synthesis and utilization of maleimides are contained in the theoretical part. Samples of maleimide-functionalized polypropylene were prepared by reactive extrusion using low molecular weight amines (aniline and 4-aminophenol) and hight molecular weight polyether monoamines. Functionalized polypropylene samples were prepared by several methods

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Teo, Alvin Chen Kuang. "Detergent-free approach to the studies of bacterial cell division membrane proteins using styrene maleic acid copolymer." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/101773/.

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Membrane proteins represent a subset of proteins embedded in or associated with the biological membrane. Despite accounting for 30% of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteomes and over 50% of current therapeutic targets, the structural and functional studies of membrane proteins still largely lag behind their soluble counterparts. This is predominantly due to the challenges in the isolation and purification of these proteins from their native mmembrane environment. Traditionally, detergents are employed for the extraction of membrane proteins from the native membrane, with subsequent solubilis

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Kunimasa, Junichi. "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor conjugated to poly (styrene-co-maleic acid) in rats." Kyoto University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150596.

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Maric, Hans-Michael [Verfasser], та Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Schindelin. "Molecular Basis of the Multivalent Glycine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Anchoring / Hans-Michael Maric. Betreuer: Hermann Schindelin". Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1107802466/34.

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Hassan, Anwar I. "Development of ¹⁹F NMR Methods for the Study of GlpG Rhomboid Protease in Detergents and Lipid Nanoparticle Systems." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42521.

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Rhomboids are a family of intramembrane serine proteases that cleave transmembrane protein substrates within the lipid membrane. They are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including signal transduction, parasite invasion, bacterial quorum sensing and apoptosis. While previous X-ray crystal structures and functional studies have provided some detailed insights into the mechanism of intramembrane hydrolysis, it is still not clear how the transmembrane substrate can gain access into the active site from the lipid environment. While several modes of action have been suggested, one

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36

Reghizzi, Bruno. "Selective oxidation of furfural and 5-methylfurfural under green conditions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13421/.

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Bio-renewable fuels and chemicals are becoming increasingly important as humans continue to deplete petroleum resources. An important aim for the future is to develop new processes from biomass and use it as a versatile feedstock because it is the largest carbon resources on earth. The increasing cost of fossil fuels and concerns about their environmental impact are accelerating the transition to a biomass-based economy. While fuel production from biomass has gained much attention, the use of renewable resources is also very important for the production of chemicals. Typically, chemical interm

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Zhang, Shuo. "Physical properties and crystallization of theophylline co-crystals." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Transport Phenomena, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13255.

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<p>This work focuses on the physical properties and crystallization of theophyline co-crystals. Co-crystals of theophylline with oxalic acid, glutaric acid and maleic acid have been investigated.</p><p>The DSC curves of these co-crystals show that their first endothermic peaks are all lower than the melting temperature of theophylline. The decomposition temperature of theophylline – oxalic acid co-crystal is at about 230 °C, determined by DSC together with TGA. After decomposition, the remaining theophylline melts at about 279 °C, which is higher than the known melting temperature of theophyll

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Matláková, Jana. "Modifikace PLA reaktivní extruzí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216866.

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Diplomová práce se zabývá roubováním maleinanhydridu a anhydridu kyseliny itakonové na kyselinu poly(mléčnou) (PLA). U modifikované kyseliny poly(mléčné) byla sledována závislost konverze monomerů na různých molárních poměrech monomer/iniciátor při teplotách 180°C a 200°C. Množství naroubovaného monomeru bylo stanovováno acidobazickou titrací a pomocí FT-IR spektroskopií. Vliv stupně naroubování na krystalinitu modifikované PLA byl zjišťován pomocí diferenční kompenzační kalorimetrie, DSC. Degradace PLA byla orientačně pozorována pomocí indexu toku taveniny, MFI.

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Goetz, Lee Ann. "Preparation and analysis of crosslinked lignocellulosic fibers and cellulose nanowhiskers with poly(methyl-vinyl ether co maleic acid) â " polyethylene glycol to create novel water absorbing materials." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45893.

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The search for cellulosic based products as a viable alternative for petroleum-based products was the impetus for covalently crosslinking lignocellulosic fibers and nanocellulose whiskers with poly(methyl vinyl ether) co maleic acid (PMVEMA) - polyethylene glycol (PEG). The lignocellulosics used were ECF bleached softwood (pine) and ECF bleached birch kraft pulp. This thesis also tests the hypothesis that water absorption and retention can be improved by grafting PMVEMA-PEG to the surface of ECF bleached kraft pulp hardwood and softwood fibers via microwave initiated crosslinking. The cross

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Nugroho, Robertus Wahyu Nayan. "Steric Stabilization of Polylactide particles achieved by Covalent 'grafting-from' with Hydrophilic Polymers." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Polymerteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122429.

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Despite numerous advantages of using particles in a wide range of applications, they have one drawback that is their tendency to agglomerate. One way to overcome this problem is to sterically stabilize the particles by introducing polymeric chains covalently attached to the surface. Surface modification by covalently attaching polymer chains to the particle surface can be achieved by e.g. a ‘grafting-from’ technique under UV irradiation. In this thesis, polylactide (PLA) particles were surface modified, under UV irradiation, with the hydrophilic monomers: acrylamide (AAm), acrylic acid (AA),

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Anjos, Otavia Faria dos. "Exsudação de ácido málico e alongamento radicular de genótipos de milho tratados com níveis tóxicos de alumínio." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2007. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4283.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:36:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 233114 bytes, checksum: c512aebdda22870fd45ba41c414294f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-31<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Aluminum effects on malic acid exudation and root elongation were evaluated in two maize genotypes: UFVM 100 e UFVM 200, selected from a group of six genotypes developed by the Agronomy Department of the Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil. Five days-old seedlings of the six genotypes were exposed to Al 50 µM in 0.4 mM CaCl2,

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Touré, Fodé Saliou. "L’appui du Canada au processus de gouvernance démocratique au Mali (2006 – 2012) - Motivations ambiguës et résultats mitigés." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35012.

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Cette thèse est une contribution à la réflexion du rôle dynamique du Canada dans le soutien international au développement démocratique. Elle dresse un bilan des actions menées, entre 2006 et 2012, par l’Agence canadienne de développement international (ACDI), principal organe d’aide du Canada, en appui à la gouvernance démocratique au Mali, pays de concentration de l’aide canadienne. Elle soutient que les motivations de la coopération canadienne au Mali sont ambiguës et que les résultats sont mitigés. Les progrès accomplis ces dernières années ont été fragilisés par les conséquences de la cri

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Paulenka, Igor. "Funkcionalizace polyolefinů roubováním." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316409.

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The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the funcionalization of polyolefins in order to accelerate their degradation and to increase their carbon content from renewable resources with focus on hydroxyacids. The experimental part is focused on preparing samples and studying the properties of the polypropylene and polyethylene blends with the polylactide with different contents of the initiator and the maleic anhydride. Samples were evaluated by determining the degree of conversion maleic anhydride, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, melt flow index and me

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Mubarok, Mahdi. "Valorization of beech wood through development of innovative and environmentally friendly chemical modification treatments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0141.

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Dans cette étude, l’amélioration des propriétés physiques et de sa durabilité aux agents de dégradation biologique du hêtre européen (Fagus sylvatica) a été réalisée au moyen de différents traitements. Les premiers types de traitements sont basés sur l'imprégnation de dérivés vinyliques de glycérol ou de polyglycérol en tant qu'additif suivi d’une étape de modification thermique réalisée dans un réacteur ouvert (OHT) ou fermé (HPS). Le deuxième type de traitement repose sur la poly-estérification in situ du sorbitol et de l'acide citrique à différentes concentrations et températures de durciss

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Metin, Onder. "Synthesis And Characterization Of Water Soluble Polymer Stabilized Transition Metal(0) Nanoclusters As Catalyst In Hydrogen Generation From The Hydrolysis Of Sodium Borohydride And Ammonia Borane." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612717/index.pdf.

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Metal nanoclusters exhibit unique properties which differ from their bulk materials, owing to the quantum size effects. For example, the catalytic activity of transition metal nanoclusters generally increases with decreasing particle size. However, nanoclusters tend to be fairly unstable with respect to the agglomerate into bulk metal in solution and thus special precautions have to be taken to avoid their aggregation or precipitation during the preparation of such nanoclusters in solution. In order to obtain stable nanoclusters dispersed in solution, a stabilizing agent is usually added into

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陳一中. "Synthesis and Purification of Malic Acid." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04270956877438013391.

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碩士<br>長庚大學<br>化學工程研究所<br>89<br>英文摘要 D,L-malic acid is utilized in great quantity as food additives, pH control agent, and raw material of alkyd polyester resins. The demand of D,L-malic acid is increasing with the increase of the beverage market. There is no any Corporation for production D,L-malic acid yet in Taiwan. But two companies of Excel Corp. and Grand Union Chemical Corp. can supply maleic anhdride,which is the raw material of malic acid. Open literature has shown that maleic acid or maleic anhydride reacts with water at 120~200℃ would produce malic acid,

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劉建盛. "Synthesis and Kinetics Study of Malic acid." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89784077695907102331.

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碩士<br>長庚大學<br>化工與材料工程研究所<br>92<br>Malic acid exists in various kinds of organism . Natural fruit such as apple,hawthorn, grape, and cherry has high content of malic acid . Malic acid has many aspects of characteristics：its sourness can stand longer , it can get rid of our thirst ,being tasty and refreshing , its quality stable , and with high solubility in the water. FDA of the United States announced in 1969 that malic acid is safety edible. Afterward, malic acid is widely applied to be the sources of the food, to foodstuff manufacturing process, to foodstuff additive industries, to tobacco p

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Faria, Marta Pastor Fernandes Arraios. "Catalytic Valorization of Malic Acid with Alternative Solvents." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/26837.

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The main focus of this research project consisted on the catalytic hydrogenation of malic acid, using ionic liquids as solvents and in presence of supercritical CO2. The catalysts used in this project were ruthenium and palladium heterogeneous catalysts. Using the catalyst ruthenium (II) bis(2-methylallyl)(1,5-ciclooctadiene) in the presence of ionic liquids containing the NTf2 anion, at 120 bar of hydrogen and a final pressure of 180 bar (after the addition of supercritical CO2), gamma-butyrolactone, 4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoic acid, diethyl succinate and diethyl 2-hydroxysuccinate were mainly fo

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Chang, Jung-Chieh, and 張榮傑. "Synthesis and analysis of citric acid and malic acid modified chitosan beads." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50423696816153199547.

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碩士<br>明志科技大學<br>化學工程研究所<br>99<br>The chitosan-citrate (CC) and chitosan-malate (CM) beads, prepared by ionotropic cross-linking and freeze-drying method, were used for the adsorption of Cu(II) ion from aqueous solution. The characterization of CC and CM beads were investigated by means of IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The equilibrium adsorption data of Cu(II) on the CC and CM beads were correlated well with by Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity for adsorption of Cu(II) ion

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高一辰. "Purification of Malic Acid with Basic Ion Exchange Resin." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37404362650203289219.

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碩士<br>長庚大學<br>化學工程研究所<br>87<br>DL-malic acid is white crystal compound. The major uses of DL-malic acid are food additive and pH value controlling agent in textile industry. The general industrial process for production DL-malic acid is followed by reaction of maleic acid or maleic anhydride with water. The specification of food grade DL-malic acid from U.S. FDA shows that the concentration of maleic acid should be less than 0.05 wt%, and the concentration of fumaric acid should be less than 1.0 wt% in the DL-malic acid product. No any company in Taiwan produce DL-malic acid yet.This work is i

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