Relevant bibliographies by topics / Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention

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Academic literature on the topic 'Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention"

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Mugarur, Byoma. "Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Children Admitted to a Pediatric Ward: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda." NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (April 13, 2024): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/nijbas/2024/5.1.768511.

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Anemia remains a significant public health concern among children under five years of age worldwide, particularly in low resource settings. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among children admitted to the pediatric ward of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital in Western Uganda. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving demographic data collection, clinical history, and hematological parameters analysis. The prevalence of anemia was determined based on World Health Organization criteria for hemoglobin levels, with factors such as nutritional status, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities explored through statistical analysis. Results revealed a concerning prevalence of anemia among pediatric ward children, with 70% found to be anemic. Factors such as malnutrition, low socioeconomic status, and presence of comorbidities were significantly associated with an increased risk of anemia. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive strategies targeting the prevention and management of anemia in pediatric populations, particularly among those hospitalized. Keywords: Anemia, children, pediatric, malnutrition.
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Kalibala, Dennis, Catherine Nabaggala, Lynnth Turyagyenda, Vincent Mboizi, Shubaya Kasule Naggayi, Maxencia Kabatabaazi, Caterina Rosano, et al. "Effect of Hydroxyurea Treatment on Body Composition in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia in Uganda Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (November 28, 2023): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-190181.

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Introduction Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) experience severe illness and risk of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. Treatment with hydroxyurea (HU) decreases SCA complications. In high-income regions, hydroxyurea also improves pediatric growth and overall quality of life. We assessed the effects of hydroxyurea on growth and body composition of children with SCA in Uganda. Methods This study was nested in an open-label, single-arm pediatric clinical trial of hydroxyurea 20-30mg/kg/day for prevention of neurological and cognitive impairment. In all, 267 study participants with SCA, ages 3-9 years, initiated hydroxyurea treatment at the Mulago Hospital SCA Clinic in Kampala, Uganda. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height) were obtained at enrollment and at month 18 of therapy; age- and sex-specific z-scores were assigned, per World Health Organization (WHO) international standards. Non-invasive bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), was used to estimate total body fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) at both timepoints. A control sample of110 siblings/family members without SCA, aged 3-12 years, established local z-scores for BIA assessments. Results Among SCA participants and controls, 50.6% and 57.3% were female, respectively. Mean age was younger foror the SCA sample: 5.1±0.1 and 7.1±0.3 years ( p<.001). At trial month 18, mean hydroxyurea dose 25.4mg/kg, SCA hemoglobin rose from 7.8±1.2 to 8.9±1.5 g/dL( p<.001), remaining lower than mean hemoglobin level of non-SCA controls 12.5±1.1 ( p<.001). Using the World Health Organization definition of “wasting,” SCA participants at enrollment had a higher proportion of low weight-for-height than controls: 9.8% vs 3.8%, p=.009). By body composition, the SCA sample also had lower FFM (-0.67±0.56 vs. 0.00 ±1.00, p < .001) and FM (-0.68±0.60 vs. 0.00 ±1.00, p<.001) than controls. At month 18, for the 254 active SCA participants (95.1%), the proportion with wasting was unchanged. In contrast, z-scores for FFM (-0.65±0.57 to -0.16±0.57, p < .001) and FM (-0.66±0.61 to -0.18±0.61, p<.001) significantly increased (Figure) to near control levels. Conclusion Hydroxyurea therapy in children with SCA increased hemoglobin yet did not reduce the proportion with wasting after 18 months. Nonetheless, treatment led to significantly improved FM and FFM to near normal levels. These results suggest that hydroxyurea therapy may play a crucial role in enhancing body composition of children with SCA in the region. The ongoing hydroxyurea trial will enable assessment of longer-term impact on health-related growth and body composition in children with SCA in Uganda.
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Musiime, Victor, Joseph Rujumba, Lawrence Kakooza, Henriator Namisanvu, Loice Atuhaire, Erusa Naguti, Judith Beinomugisha, et al. "HIV prevalence among children admitted with severe acute malnutrition and associated factors with mother-to-child HIV transmission at Mulago Hospital, Uganda: A mixed methods study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 16, 2024): e0301887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301887.

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Background Despite global efforts to eliminate mother-to-child-transmission of HIV (MTCT), many children continue to become infected. We determined the prevalence of HIV among children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and that of their mothers, at admission to Mwanamugimu Nutrition Unit, Mulago Hospital, Uganda. We also assessed child factors associated with HIV-infection, and explored factors leading to HIV-infection among a subset of the mother-child dyads that tested positive. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation within the REDMOTHIV (Reduce mortality in HIV) clinical trial that investigated strategies to reduce mortality among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed children admitted with SAM at the Nutrition Unit. From June 2021 to December 2022, we consecutively tested children aged 1 month to 5 years with SAM for HIV, and the mothers who were available, using rapid antibody testing upon admission to the unit. HIV-antibody positive children under 18 months of age had a confirmatory HIV-DNA PCR test done. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with mothers of HIV positive dyads, to explore the individual, relationship, social and structural factors associated with MTCT, until data saturation. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression in STATAv14, while a content thematic approach was used to analyze qualitative data. Results Of 797 children tested, 463(58.1%) were male and 630(79.1%) were ≤18months of age; 76 (9.5%) tested positive. Of 709 mothers, median (IQR) age 26 (22, 30) years, 188(26.5%) were HIV positive. Sixty six of the 188 mother–infant pairs with HIV exposure tested positive for HIV, an MTCT rate of 35.1% (66/188). Child age >18 months was marginally associated with HIV-infection (crude OR = 1.87,95% CI: 1.11–3.12, p-value = 0.02; adjusted OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 0.96, 3.09, p-value = 0.068). The IDIs from 16 mothers revealed associated factors with HIV transmission at multiple levels. Individual level factors: inadequate information regarding prevention of MTCT(PMTCT), limited perception of HIV risk, and fear of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Relationship level factors: lack of family support and unfaithfulness (infidelity) among sexual partners. Health facility level factors: negative attitude of health workers and missed opportunities for HIV testing. Community level factors: poverty and health service disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion In this era of universal antiretroviral therapy for PMTCT, a 10% HIV prevalence among severely malnourished children is substantially high. To eliminate vertical HIV transmission, more efforts are needed to address challenges mothers living with HIV face intrinsically and within their families, communities and at health facilities.
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van der Kam, Saskia, Stephanie Roll, Todd Swarthout, Grace Edyegu-Otelu, Akiko Matsumoto, Francis Xavier Kasujja, Cristian Casademont, Leslie Shanks, and Nuria Salse-Ubach. "Effect of Short-Term Supplementation with Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food or Micronutrients for Children after Illness for Prevention of Malnutrition: A Randomised Controlled Trial in Uganda." PLOS Medicine 13, no. 2 (February 9, 2016): e1001951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001951.

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Natukunda, Eva, Alex Szubert, Caroline Otike, Imerida Namyalo, Esther Nambi, Alasdair Bamford, Katja Doerholt, Diana M. Gibb, Victor Musiime, and Phillipa Musoke. "Bone mineral density among children living with HIV failing first-line anti-retroviral therapy in Uganda: A sub-study of the CHAPAS-4 trial." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (July 20, 2023): e0288877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288877.

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Background Children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CLWH) survive into adulthood on antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV, ART, and malnutrition can all lead to low bone mineral density (BMD). Few studies have described bone health among CLWH in Sub-Saharan Africa. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with low BMD among CLWH switching to second-line ART in the CHAPAS-4 trial (ISRCTN22964075) in Uganda. Methods BMD was determined using dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). BMD Z-scores were adjusted for age, sex, height and race. Demographic characteristics were summarized using median interquartile range (IQR) for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the associations between each variable and low BMD. Results A total of 159 children were enrolled (50% male) with median age (IQR) 10 (7–12) years, median duration of first -line ART 5.2(3.3–6.8) years; CD4 count 774 (528–1083) cells/mm3, weight—for–age Z-score -1.36 (-2.19, -0.65) and body mass index Z-score (BMIZ) -1.31 (-2.06, -0.6). Low (Z-score≤ -2) total body less head (TBLH) BMD was observed in 28 (18%) children, 21(13%) had low lumbar spine (LS) BMD, and15 (9%) had both. Low TBLH BMD was associated with increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.37; 95% CI: 1.13–1.65, p = 0.001), female sex (aOR: 3.8; 95% CL: 1.31–10.81, p = 0.014), low BMI (aOR 0.36:95% CI: 0.21–0.61, p<0.001), and first-line zidovudine exposure (aOR: 3.68; 95% CI: 1.25–10.8, p = 0.018). CD4 count, viral load and first- line ART duration were not associated with TBLH BMD. Low LS BMD was associated with increasing age (aOR 1.42; 95% CI: 1.16–1.74, p = 0.001) and female sex: (aOR 3.41; 95% CI: 1.18–9.8, p = 0.023). Conclusion Nearly 20% CLWH failing first-line ART had low BMD which was associated with female sex, older age, first-line ZDV exposure, and low BMI. Prevention, monitoring, and implications following transition to adult care should be prioritized to identify poor bone health in HIV+adolescents entering adulthood.
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Adamkiewicz, Tom, Adel Driss, Hyacinth I. Hyacinth, Jacqueline Hibbert, and Jonathan K. Stiles. "Determinants Of Mortality and Survival In Children With Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) In Sub Saharan Africa." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4676.4676.

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In Africa, the natural history of SCD is often assumed to be same to the African Diaspora in the US, Jamaica, Europe or Latin America. Yet the environment can be different, including different pathogen exposure, such as malaria. To help better understand this, over 2000 references were identified using the names of all current or past names of African continent countries and the truncated word sickl$, followed by secondary nested and cross reference searches. Six cases series describing causes of death were identified, representing 182 children (Ndugwa, 1973, Athale, 1994, Koko, 1998, Diagne, 2000, Rahimy, 2003, Van-Dunem, 2007). Gender was reported in 172, 73 were female (42%). Age was reported in 118, 52 were < 5 years (44%). Four studies described some impediment to care or arrival for care in extremis in1/4 to over ½ of patients that died. In Uganda, 9/12 (75%) patient died at home. In Gabon 6/23 (26%) patients died within 4 hours of reaching the hospital and 11/23 (48%) within 24 hours. In Benin 2/10 (20%) died of splenic sequestration diagnosed at home; 38/64 (53%) of patients in Mozambique that died, lived outside of the capital. Causes of death were identified in 146 individuals. These included: fever/sepsis: n=59 (40%), including meningitis: n=15 (10%) and pyelonephritis: n=2 (1%); acute anemia: n=43 (29%), including spleen sequestration: n=28 (19%) and aplastic anemia: n=8 (5%); pain: n=22 (15%); acute chest syndrome/pneumonia: n=18 (12%); CNS: n=8 (5%), including stroke: n=4 (3%), seizure/ coma: n=5 (3%); liver disease: n=5 (3%) including hepatitis: n=3 (2%); Other: n=19 (13%) including wasting/ malnutrition: n=7 (5%), heart failure/cardiomyopathy: n=4 (3%), diarrhea and vomiting: n=3 (2%), transfusion reaction: n=2 (1%). Infectious pathogens were identified in 26, including malaria: n=10 (38%), S. pneumoniae: n=3 (12%), Salmonella: n=2 (8%), H. influenza, Klebsiella and Citrobacter: n=1 (4%) each; viral agents were reported in n=8 (31%) including HBV: n=5 (19%), HIV: n=3 (12%). Reported general population hemoglobinopathy surveys after birth revealed the following Relative Risk (RR) of observing individuals with hemoglobin SS compared to Hardy Weinberg expected frequencies (some age cohorts overlap; Tanzania '56, Benin '09, Burkina Faso '70, Central African Republic'75, Gabon'65/'80, Gambia'56, Ghana '56/‘57/'00/'10, Kenya '04/'10, Malawi '72/'00/'04, Mozambique '86, Nigeria '56/'70/'79/'81/'84/'05, Senegal '69, Sierra Leone '56). Age 0-1 years, total n=2112 observed n=22 (1.0%), expected n=16.5 (0.8%), RR=1.3 (95% CI=0.7,2.5), p=0.441. Age 0-6 years, total n=4078; observed n=39 (1.0%); expected n=40.6 (1.0%); RR=1.0 (95% CI=0.6,1.5), p=0.925. Age 5-19 years, total n=1880; observed n= 5 (0.3%); expected n= 24.8 (1.3%); RR=0.2 (95% CI=0.1,0.5); p<0.001. Adults, total n=12814; observed n= 20 (0.2%); expected n= 118.9 (0.9%); RR=0.2 (95% CI=0.1,0.3), p<0.001. Pregnant, total n=5815; observed n= 19 (0.3%); expected n= 78.5 (1.3%), RR=0.2 (95% CI=0.1,0.4), p<0.001. Cohorts of children with SCD are indicated in the table. In summary, access to care, as well as acute anemias are a frequent cause of mortality. Along with viral pathogens and transfusion related deaths this indicates the importance of a safe blood supply. By adulthood, the observed frequency of individuals with SCD is only 1/5 of expected. However, reported clinic cohorts suggest similar if not better survival than in the general population, possibly due to lost to follow up, but also malaria/bacterial infection prevention and nutritional support. Careful prospective studies are needed.TableCohorts of children in Africa with Sickle Cell AnemiaCountryAge median years, (range)Death/TotalnFollow up yearsPatient-yearsDeaths/100 patient-yearsU5M/100 child-yrs♦Uganda, 735 -9, (0-20)12/6282--2.7Senegal, ‘008 (0-22)11/323710331.12.2Senegal, 03330/55612--2.2Benin,032.910/2361.5-6.59831.02.4Kenya,096 (0-13)2/1241.21181.72.7♦: Under five year old mortality 2009 (source: Unicef), divided by 5Prophylactic interventions: Uganda: chloroquine; Senegal: chloroquine (wet season), nets, penicillin prophylaxis <5 yrs, folic acid, parasite treatment & iron supplement as needed; Benin: chloroquine, nets, penicillin prophylaxis, antibiotics for fever, folic acid, nutritional support; Kenya; Proguanil, folic acid, nutritional support, parasite treatment & iron supplement as needed. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Adebisi, Yusuff Adebayo, Kirinya Ibrahim, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno, Aniekan Ekpenyong, Alumuku Iordepuun Micheal, Iwendi Godsgift Chinemelum, and Ayomide Busayo Sina-Odunsi. "Prevalence and Socio-economic Impacts of Malnutrition Among Children in Uganda." Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 12 (January 2019): 117863881988739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178638819887398.

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Malnutrition is one of the common problems that afflict the poor in low- and middle-income countries like Uganda. The rate of decline of malnutrition in the country has been very slow for the last 15 years. This problem is of utmost concern in this era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in which achieving the goals is imperative. The aim of our study was to review literature on the prevalence and socio-economic impacts of malnutrition among children under 5 in Uganda and provide recommendations to address identified gaps. This review assesses available evidences, including journal articles, country reports, the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Funds (UNICEF) reports, and other reports on issues pertaining to malnutrition among children in Uganda. Malnutrition, poverty, and chronic diseases are interconnected in such a way that each of the factors influences the presence and permanence of the other, resulting in a synergistic impact. The prevalence of acute and severe malnutrition among children under 5 is above the World Health Assembly target to reduce and maintain the prevalence under 5% by 2025. There are also limited studies on etiology of anemia as regards its prevalence in Uganda. The study presents a better understanding of the social and economic impact of child malnutrition on the families and the country’s development. The study also strongly suggests that, for Uganda to achieve sustainable development goal 2, financial investments by the government are necessary to address nutrition in the early stages of an individual’s life.
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Mawa, Ratib. "Malnutrition Among Children Under Five Years in Uganda." American Journal of Health Research 6, no. 2 (2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20180602.14.

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Mor, Siobhan M., James K. Tumwine, Elena N. Naumova, Grace Ndeezi, and Saul Tzipori. "Microsporidiosis and Malnutrition in Children with Persistent Diarrhea, Uganda." Emerging Infectious Diseases 15, no. 1 (January 2009): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1501.071536.

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Cubitt, Jonathan, Andrew Hodges, George Galiwango, and Kristiane van Lierde. "Malnutrition in cleft lip and palate children in Uganda." European Journal of Plastic Surgery 35, no. 4 (July 15, 2011): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00238-011-0620-z.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention"

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Gunnarsson, Hanna, and Nanci Kader. "Prevention of malnutrition for children in South Africa." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-1772.

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Background Malnutrition among children in South Africa is a huge issue, which are causing short- and long-term effects for the children suffering from it. In 64 percent of the cases where children die before the age of five, malnutrition is the underlying cause. Therefore there are non-governmental organizations who are doing preventive work to try to diminish malnutrition so all children have the same chance to a good childhood. Aim The aim of the study was to describe the prevention of malnutrition of children in South Africa. Method A qualitative design with semi-structured interviews with non governmental organzations was used for this study. Data was analysed by content analyse. Findings The findings show that one key intervention is nutritional education to empower people on how to best use the scares resources they have. Therefore the non governmental organizations put a lot of emphasis on educating families about nutrition. Furthermore the stigma and mistaken beliefs about breastfeeding is targeted through education, as it is of vital importance to solely breastfeed as a preventive intervention. Conclusion Early interventions are emphasized due to the importance of preventing malnutrition early in a child’s life. The link between HIV positive women and malnourished children is remarkable and the government of South Africa has promoted breastfeeding for all as a solution.
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Pettersson, Camilla, and Fanny Enström. "Prevention of malnutrition in South Africa among children." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-2133.

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Background Malnutrition among children in South Africa is a substantial public health problem. Especially young children are vulnerable and exposed to malnutrition. Children suffering from malnutrition develop many short- and long-term health-consequences. Effective preventative work against this issue is crucial in order for malnutrition to diminish among the children in South Africa. Aim The aim was to describe how the preventative work against malnutrition is being performed among children aged zero to six in South Africa. Method The method used in this study was a qualitative descriptive study with six semi-structured interviews. Interviews were performed with registered nurses and researchers. The interview-data was analyzed based on a grounded theory through substantive coding where the most relevant codes where found, studied and concluded in the results. Results The results showed that both the registered nurses and researchers considered socioeconomic-factors and lack of knowledge about nutrition to be the most important causes for malnutrition among children, and also impacted heavily on the preventative work. It was found that more effective preventative work is needed, but for this to work it needs to be adapted to the social context in the country. Conclusions The preventative work against malnutrition must be able to break through socioeconomic barriers like poverty, misguided cultural beliefs about nutrition, lacking food security and the fact that many mothers to children are HIV positive, which also is strongly connected to malnutrition among young children. Education about nutrition must be further developed and reach out to more people in the country.
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Khatib, Ibrahim Mahmud Dib. "Role of zinc-supplemented diets in the prevention of the early linear growth deficiency in Jordanian children." Thesis, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244278.

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Bakubi, Ivan. "An Investigation on the Knowledge level of Children Aged 10-14 about HIV/AIDS Prevention in Mukono Municipality Primary schools, Uganda." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1307046940.

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WANZIRA, HUMPHREY. "Supportive Supervision as an approach to improve the quality of care for children with acute malnutrition in Arua district, Uganda: Baseline systematic assessment, Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2962380.

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INTRODUCTION Moderate and severe acute malnutrition estimates among children in the West Nile region, in Uganda, are higher than the national level (10.4% and 5.6%, respectively versus 3.6 % and 1.3 %). Additionally, the WHO estimates that in 2016, 6.6 million children and young adolescents died from causes attributed to the poor quality of care in such similar settings. Supportive supervision (SS) has been proposed as one of the approaches to improve quality of care. The main objectives of this project were; to determine the baseline status of the quality of care of nutrition services and health outcomes among malnourished children at health facility level; to test the effectiveness of supportive supervision to improve health outcomes and quality of care; and to estimate its cost effectiveness. METHODS Phase one: Six health centers with the highest burden of malnutrition in Arua district, West Nile region, were selected. Information on health outcomes (cured, defaulters, non responders, transferred and died) and quality of case management were extracted from official records. Quality of care was assessed using the national Nutrition Service Delivery Assessment (NSDA) tool, with ten key areas scored as poor, fair, good or excellent. Phase two: The six facilities were randomized to receive either SS or to control. SS was delivered for ten months in two equal five months’ periods; to heath center (HC) staff only (first period), and later extended to community health workers (CHWs) (second period). SS was delivered biweekly for the first three months and later monthly. The package included: monitoring progress, provision of technical support, facilitating good team dynamics and problem solving attitude. The control facilities were assigned to receive the national routine quarterly supervisory visits. Main outcomes included health outcomes, quality of case management, quality of nutrition service delivery and access to care. Phase three: The Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratios (ICER) for the first and second period were estimated. RESULTS Phase one: A total of 1020 children were assessed at baseline. The cured and defaulter’s rates were 52.9% (95% CI: 49.7 – 56.1) and 38.3% (95%CI: 35.2 – 41.4) respectively. The NSDA revealed 33/60 (55%) areas scored poorly, 25/60 (41%) as fair, 2/60 (3.3%) were good and none were excellent. Main gaps included: lack of trained staff; disorganized patient flow; poor case management; stock out of essential nutrition supplies and weak community linkage. Phase two: 737 children were enrolled, 430 in the intervention and 307 in the control. Significant findings of the intervention versus control included: higher cure rate [83.8% (95%CI: 79.4 – 86.7) versus [44.9% (95%CI: 37.8 – 49.1), p=0.010)], lower defaulting rate [1.4% (95%CI 1.1% to 1.8%) versus 47.2% (95%CI 37.3% to 57.1 %), p=0.001], higher correct complementary treatment (94.0% versus 58.8%, p=0.001) and more NSDA areas scored as either good or excellent [24/30 (80%) versus 14/30 (46.6%), OR = 4.6 (1.3 – 17.4), p=0.007]. Access to care was significantly higher during the second period as compared to the first period [proportion difference = 28.4%, OR = 1.7 (1.3 – 2.3), p = 0.001].Phase three: the ICER of € 9.7 (95%CI:7.4 – 14.9) and € 6.8 (95% CI:4.8 – 9.5) were estimated in the first and second periods respectively. CONCLUSION At baseline, the quality of care provided to children with malnutrition at health center level was greatly substandard. The delivery of SS to HC staff and CHWs significantly improved the cure rate, the quality of case management, the overall quality of care and access to care. SS, especially that delivered to CHWs, was very cost effective.
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Eriksson, Beatrice, and Maria Grönte. "ON DIFFERENT TERMS - Social work among vulnerable children in a developing country." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25000.

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The aim of this study is to get a deeper understanding, from a Swedish context, of how you can do social work with vulnerable and orphaned children in a developing country such as Uganda. We have investigated this through the example WEBALE, an NGO working in a context where among other things HIV/AIDS, poverty and a defective social safety net have led to social problems affecting children. Further, we have also aimed at acquiring a deeper understanding of what it is that motivates the volunteers and the director to work with vulnerable children at WEBALE. In order to fulfil this aim, the research has the following two key questions: What is the motivation for the teacher volunteers and the manager to work with vulnerable children at WEBALE? How do the teacher volunteers perceive the social work with the children in everyday life at WEBALE and what experiences do they have from this? The study is a field study with a phenomenological and ethnological approach. We were present at and took part in the everyday life of the informants at the school and orphanage in Uganda for eight weeks. The investigation uses a qualitative method where four interviews and participant observations were carried out. The results are analyzed in connection with theories on social work defining preventions and interventions, where theories on risk- and protection factors and the salutogenetic theory on SOC have been used. The analysis is also connected to theories on social work with children from a developmental-ecological and attachment-theoretical perspective. The results show what it is that motivates the volunteers and manager to work as volunteers in this specific contest through personal accounts of their background. Our observation is that the motivation of the volunteers and the manager to work with orphaned and vulnerable children is closely connected to their own background and childhood. The biggest reason for this kind of a life choice seems to be a sense of coherence and the largest motivating factor is that the work they do feels meaningful. The results further highlight the social work that is carried out and how the volunteers perceive their work at WEBALE. The study shows that the volunteers (who mainly consist of teachers) carry out what can be called social work, according to the definitions of interventions and preventions within various fields, such as health, education, emotional and behavioural development, ability to take care of oneself, social behaviour, family and social relations, and identity.
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Richards, Justin A. "Evaluating the impact of a sport-for-development intervention on the physical and mental health of young adolescents in Gulu, Uganda - a post-conflict setting within a low-income country." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9632dcfc-94e6-45ac-a4c1-ad63113f9b59.

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Introduction: Physical inactivity is thought to contribute to the emergence of non-communicable diseases in post-conflict settings of low-income countries. Sport-for-development (SfD) organisations in these regions claim to improve the health of programme participants. However, there is a paucity of supporting evidence. I assessed the impact of a voluntary community-based SfD intervention on the physical activity (PA), physical fitness (PF) and mental health (MH) of adolescents in Gulu, Uganda. Methods: The Acholi Psychosocial Assessment Instrument (APAI), standing broad jump (SBJ), multi-stage fitness test (MSFT) and BMI-for-age (BFA) were adapted to the local context. I tested their feasibility and reliability with a repeat-measures design (n=70). A cross-sectional analysis of a random sample was used to assess the local needs and establish the PF and MH of the adolescents reached by the intervention (n=1464). This was also the baseline assessment for the impact evaluation. It comprised a randomised control trial (n=144) nested within a cohort study (n=1400) and triangulated by cross-sectional assessment of PA using accelerometry (n=54). Results: The adapted PF and MH measures demonstrated good intra-tester reliability (ICC>0.75). Adolescents in Gulu predominantly had “healthy” BFA (>90%). They performed better than global norms for the SBJ (p<0.001), but worse for the MSFT (p<0.05). The girls who registered for the intervention had higher PF at baseline (p<0.05) and experienced no significant benefits when compared to the community. The aerobic capacity of the boys intervention group increased relative to the community (p<0.01), but was not significantly different to the trial control group whose PF also improved. The PA results concurred with this finding. Boys in the intervention group experienced a deterioration in MH relative to their peers (p<0.05). Implications: It is feasible to apply rigorous evaluation methods to SfD interventions. Although adolescents in Gulu have poor aerobic capacity, a voluntary programme may not reach those at risk. Interpreting the impact evaluation was limited by a lack of programme development theory, but suggested that opportunities for non-competitive play may confer PF benefit without harming MH. Further investigation is warranted.
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Mitangala-Ndeba, Prudence. "Impaludation et état nutritionnel chez les enfants au Kivu en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209608.

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Introduction: Le paludisme est une maladie parasitaire curable. Il sévit sous une forme endémique depuis des temps immémoriaux. Malgré le recul de l’endémie observé au cours de la dernière décennie à la suite des efforts menés à un niveau international, l’Afrique essentiellement tropicale continue encore à supporter une importante charge de morbidité et de mortalité liée au paludisme. L’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) estime que sur les 216 millions malades et 655 000 décès survenus dans le monde en 2010, respectivement 80,6% et 91,6% l’étaient en Afrique tropicale. Au cours de cette année 2010, dans cette partie du monde, à chaque minute, un enfant de moins 5 ans est décédé des suites du paludisme. A elle seule, la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) a supporté 13,3% de la charge mondiale de morbidité estimée en 2010.

La malnutrition est un autre fléau qui frappe le monde depuis la nuit des temps. Les pays les plus touchés sont ceux-là mêmes qui sont concernés par l’endémie palustre. En 2010, 38% d’enfants africains âgés de moins de 5 ans souffraient d’un retard de croissance et 9% étaient émaciés. Ces formes de malnutrition concernaient respectivement 43% et 9% d’enfants de la RDC.

Le paludisme et la malnutrition coexistent. Néanmoins, leur relation demeure un sujet de controverse malgré de nombreuses études menées sur le sujet. Certains auteurs affirment que la malnutrition protégerait contre le paludisme alors que d’autres soutiennent le contraire. Une troisième catégorie d’auteurs atteste qu’il n’existe aucune relation.

Ces divergences de points de vues font que, sur le terrain, dans une même localité, certains préconisent le traitement systématique du paludisme au cours de la réhabilitation nutritionnelle alors que d’autres n’administrent les médicaments que pour les cas avérés de paludisme.

Dans le but de contribuer non seulement à l’amélioration des connaissances sur cette relation entre la malnutrition et le paludisme, mais aussi à la rationalisation de la prise en charge du paludisme dans les zones de coexistence des deux entités, des études ont été menées au Kivu, dans la partie Est de la RDC.

Méthodologie:En vue d’atteindre ce but, les résultats de six analyses de données, portant sur cinq études épidémiologiques menées au Kivu en RDC, sont présentés dans cette monographie.

La monographie est composée de quatre parties. La première partie est consacrée à des généralités sur le paludisme et la malnutrition et la quatrième partie est une synthèse générale.

Les résultats des six analyses évoquées ci-haut font, chacun l’objet d’un chapitre et sont regroupés au sein de deux parties portant respectivement sur la description de la relation entre la malnutrition et le paludisme (deuxième partie) et sur le traitement antipaludéen chez l’enfant sévèrement malnutri (troisième partie).

La description de la relation entre le paludisme et la malnutrition est le résultat des analyses de données de trois études. Les deux premières études font l’objet d’analyses rétrospectives des données de routine récoltées au sein de l’hôpital pédiatrique de Lwiro. La troisième étude est prospective et réalisée en communauté.

Le traitement antipaludéen chez l’enfant sévèrement malnutri est abordé à travers deux études menées en milieu hospitalier.

La première étude de cette partie a été menée à l’hôpital pédiatrique de Lwiro. Cette étude portait sur l’efficacité de la combinaison Artésunate-Amodiaquine (AS+AQ) dans le traitement du paludisme non compliqué à Plasmodium falciparum. Elle a été réalisée suivant le protocole standard de l’OMS portant sur l’évaluation et la surveillance de l’efficacité des antipaludiques pour le traitement du paludisme à Plasmodium falciparum non compliqué. Cependant, en plus des enfants habituellement inclus dans ces études d’efficacité selon le protocole de l’OMS, cette étude a intégré les enfants souffrant de la malnutrition sévère. Cette étude a conduit à deux analyses distinctes ayant fait chacune l’objet d’un chapitre. La première analyse s’est focalisée sur l’efficacité proprement dite du traitement antipaludéen. La seconde analyse a utilisé les données individuelles des enfants inclus dans cette étude sur l’efficacité du traitement antipaludéen pour explorer la production des gamétocytes de Plasmodium falciparum chez l’enfant souffrant de Malnutrition Aigue Sévère (MAS).

La deuxième étude de cette partie consacrée au traitement antipaludéen chez l’enfant malnutri sévère porte sur l’efficacité d’une stratégie de traitement antipaludéen systématique chez l’enfant malnutri au cours de la réhabilitation nutritionnelle. Il s’est agi d’un essai clinique randomisé en double aveugle, réalisé au centre thérapeutique nutritionnel de l’hôpital général de référence de Kirotshe. Les enfants malnutris admis dans le programme de réhabilitation nutritionnelle étaient assignés dans l’un des deux groupes d’étude selon une procédure aléatoire. Le groupe d’intervention recevait systématiquement la combinaison AS+AQ à la posologie habituelle et le groupe témoin recevait un placebo composé d’avicel 97,1%, stéarate de magnésium 1,9%, aérosil 1% et de colorant.

Les quatre premières études ont eu lieu dans la zone de santé de Miti Murhesa dans la province du Sud Kivu et la dernière a été menée dans la zone de santé de Kirotshe dans la province du Nord Kivu en RDC.

Résultats: [1] \
Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Honenberger, E. Allison. "Engaging local ideas about health eating to combat protein-energy malnutrition in West Africa : the centrality of mothers to kwashiorkor prevention in Ghana /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10288/1265.

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Jean-Pierre, Arielle Emmeline. "Differences in maternal behaviors affecting child health status in probably depressed and non-depressed mothers in rural Uganda." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-yx12-4266.

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Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common perinatal mental health disorder (CPMD) extensively linked to poor child health outcomes, including increased risk of illness, stunting and underweight. Rates of PPD and child malnutrition are consistently elevated in Sub-Saharan Africa compared to other regions of the world. This includes Northern Uganda, a region devastated by armed conflict and enduring poverty. While the link between PPD and adverse child health outcomes is firmly established, the mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood.The current study addresses this gap in the literature through investigating in a sample of Ugandan mothers of children 0 to 23 months how maternal behaviors promoting child health differ in the presence or absence of probable depression. This study also explores how perceived social support and women’s empowerment may moderate the relationship between PPD and mothers’ engagement in these health-promoting behaviors. The study is based on cross-sectional, baseline data collected for a project sponsored by Food for the Hungry Uganda, an international relief and development organization, and in partnership with the Global Mental Health Lab at Teachers College, Columbia University and World Vision International. The study’s sample included 1028 probably depressed and 284 nondepressed Ugandan mothers with at least one child under 24 months of age at the time of interviewing. The study’s findings yielded evidence to support the reliability and validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support for this sample. While as expected, probable depression was positively associated with child underweight, recent child illness, delayed care seeking for sick children and unsafe disposal of child feces, positive associations were also found between depression and important health-promoting behaviors, for which there is little evidence in the extant literature, including provision of the same amount or more food to a sick child, knowledge of danger signs of childhood illness, and some WASH behaviors. Perceived social support and women’s empowerment indicators were also found to moderate the association between probable depression and some IMCI, IYCF and WASH behaviors. Study limitations, clinical implications and recommendations for further research are discussed.
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Books on the topic "Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention"

1

Uganda. Office of the Prime Minister. Reducing malnutrition in Uganda: Estimates to support nutrition advocacy Uganda profiles 2013. Washington, D.C: US AID from the American People, 2014.

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Rajvanshi, Jyotsana. Prevention and eradication of malnutrition in women and children: A workshop report. Jaipur: Institute of Development studies, 1997.

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Smith, Lisa C. Overcoming child malnutrition in developing countries: Past achievements and future choices. Washington, D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2000.

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Chorlton, Rozanne. Improving child survival and nutrition. Dar es Salaam: WHO, 1989.

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Health, Zambia Ministry of, Zambia. National Food and Nutrition Commission., University of Zambia, and UNICEF, eds. Rapid assessment procedures evaluation of growth monitoring and promotion, Zambia: February 1991-May 1991. [Lusaka]: Ministry of Health, 1991.

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Jitta, J. S. Growth monitoring and promotion in Mulago II village: An urban community. [Kampala?: s.n., 1996.

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Alihonou, Eusèbe. Réhabilitation nutritionnelle à domicile. Cotonou, République du Bénin: Centre régional pour le développement et la santé, 1992.

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United Nations Children's Fund. (UNICEF). Tracking progress on child and maternal nutrition: A survival and development priority. New York: UNICEF, 2009.

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(Swaziland), National Nutrition Council, ed. Project for promotion of improved young child feeding =: Umkhankhaso wekondla kahle bantfwana labancane. [Mbabane, Swaziland?]: National Nutrition Council, 1987.

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Sabi, Projeto Nô Kume. Livro de receitas nô kume sabi. 3rd ed. Cacheu, Guiné-Bissau: Mediadesign 2, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention"

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Onaleye, Foluke. "Protein Energy Malnutrition in Children." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 248–57. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6067-8.ch017.

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The current management to prevent Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is examined and the use of technological tools such as Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems and mobile solutions are employed to prevent the development of PEM and its complications. Implementation of technological solutions in healthcare is a critical factor in achieving better health outcomes as documented in some parts of the world. Sub-Saharan Africa is behind on the adoption of electronic health records and other health information technology solutions due to several challenges such as lack of funding and infrastructure required to implement its use. Recent studies show that Sub-Saharan Africa is slowly gravitating towards adoption of health information technology particularly EHR systems and mobile solutions because of the need to find solutions to its healthcare crisis. Development of a PEM prevention system using these tools to enhance the current management will improve patient health outcomes and decrease the mortality rate of PEM.
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Evans, Tony. "27. Poverty, hunger, and development." In The Globalization of World Politics, 425–40. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780192898142.003.0027.

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This chapter examines the contested nature of three important concepts in world politics: poverty, hunger, and development. It explores whether the poor must always be with us, why so many children die of malnutrition, and whether development should be understood as an economic issue. It also considers orthodox and alternative approaches to development as solutions for poverty and hunger. The chapter includes two case studies. The first looking at the hunger of children around the world, comparing the pre- and post-pandemic situations. The second case study examines hunger in Uganda, again, comparing the state of hunger for families in that country before and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Manary, Mark, and Meghan Callaghan-Gillespie. "Role of Optimized Plant Protein Combinations as a Low-Cost Alternative to Dairy Ingredients in Foods for Prevention and Treatment of Moderate Acute Malnutrition and Severe Acute Malnutrition." In Global Landscape of Nutrition Challenges in Infants and Children, 111–20. S. Karger AG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000503347.

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Mazhitova, Aichurok, Azhar Makambai kyzy, Bermet Sultanova, and Akylai Chynalieva. "PROTEIN MALNUTRITION, PREVENTIVE MEASURES, ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES FROM DIETARY BY-PRODUCTS, AND INSECT- DERIVED PROTEIN." In Futuristic Trends in Agriculture Engineering & Food Sciences Volume 3 Book 7, 391–418. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bcag7p1ch22.

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This chapter introduces preventive measures for protein malnutrition as a significant public health concern and alternative protein sources. It starts by presenting an overview of the consequences of chronic protein malnutrition in children and adults; prevention strategies, including improved access to protein-rich foods; promoting education on balanced diets; early detection and treatment as well as agricultural development programs that enhance the production and availability of protein-rich foods and promote sustainable practices. It then explains the valorization of the food agro-industry by-products as an alternative source of protein and their extraction methods. By the end of the chapter, a discussion on the applicability of cricket flour as a protein fortifier in the Food Industry and its general and microbiological safety is presented, focusing on several studies described in the scientific literature.
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Ekvall, Shirley W., Valli K. Ekvall, Jennifer Walberg-Wolfe,, and Wendy Nehring. "Nutritional Assessment—All Levels And Ages." In Pediatric Nutrition In Chronic Diseases And Developmental Disorders, 35–62. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195165647.003.0004.

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Abstract Nutritional assessment, an essential task of the nutritionist and dietitian, is an important disease prevention measure that has been shown to reduce health-care costs. One of the early position papers of the American Dietetic Association on health care noted that in terms of money and human suffering, every dollar spent on nutrition instruction saves many dollars in later medical care. Kennedy and Kotelchuck reported that participation of prenatal patients in the USDA Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), which includes nutrition education, has a positive effect on pregnancy outcome: a 107 g increase in mean birth weight and a 4% decrease in the incidence of low birth weight. High-risk teenage, African-American, and Hispanic women gained even stronger benefits, particularly when they were followed for two trimesters. Malnourished patients often are hospitalized 2–5 days longer than nonmalnourished patients, resulting in additional costs of over $1000 per day. Also, nutritionists/dietitians on nutrition support or feeding teams helped reduce the incidence of malnutrition. The savings ranged from $1700 over a 4-month period to $8100 per year. However, only one-fifth of the patients received home counseling or another form of posthospitalization follow-up care. Butterworth and Blackburn found that protein-calorie malnutrition affected one-fourth to one-half of medical and surgical patients whose hospitalization lasted 2 weeks or longer,5 and many children today are at high risk due to obesity and poor nutritional habits. These problems have increased in the past 10 years. However for the undernourished lower fat free mass or lean body mass was significantly associated with increased length of hospital stay when using the Subjective Global Assessment questionnaire. This combination is more sensitive than weight loss of 10% or body mass index for older children and adults.
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Baldwin, Andrew, Nina Hjelde, Charlotte Goumalatsou, and Gil Myers. "Paediatrics." In Oxford Handbook of Clinical Specialties, 98–239. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719021.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses paediatrics. It includes history and examination, common infant symptoms, neonatal life support (NLS), the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), ventilatory support for neonates, examination of the neonate, neonatal jaundice, rhesus haemolytic disease, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and other neonatal problems, minor neonatal problems, enteral and parenteral nutrition, breastfeeding and bottle feeding, preterm and small-for-dates babies, genitourinary diseases, disorders of sex development, congenital heart disease, murmurs and heart sounds in children, orofacial clefts (cleft lip and palate), neural tube defects (NTDS), measles, rubella, mumps, and erythroviruses, varicella (herpes) zoster virus (VZV), vertical HIV infection, non-accidental injury, sudden unexplained infant death (SUID/SIDS), screening and child health promotion, genetic disease and prevention, genetic counselling, childhood obesity, hypertension in children, upper and lower respiratory infection, cystic fibrosis, asthma in children, infective endocarditis (IE), rheumatic fever, diarrhoea, malnutrition, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, coeliac disease, urinary tract infection (UTI), renal failure and disease, acute glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome, failure to thrive, growth charts, endocrine and metabolic diseases, precocious puberty, diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), poisoning (iron, salicylate, paracetamol), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), anaemia, primary antibody deficiencies, raised intercranial pressure, migraine, encephalitis, meningitis, epilepsy and febrile convulsions, behavioural problems, delays in talking and walking, impairment and disability, developmental screening tests, paediatric reference intervals and charts.
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Landrigan, Philip J. "Environmental Hazards and Global Child Health: The Need for Evidence-Based Advocacy." In Principles of Global Child Health: Education and Research, 255–76. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610021906-part04-ch15.

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Children in today’s ever-smaller, more densely populated, tightly interconnected world are surrounded by a complex array of environmental threats to health.1 Because of their unique patterns of exposure and exquisite biological sensitivities, especially during windows of vulnerability in prenatal and early postnatal development, children are extremely vulnerable to environmental hazards.2,3 Even brief, low-level exposures during critical early periods can cause permanent alterations in organ function and result in acute and chronic disease and dysfunction in childhood and across the life span.4 The World Health Organization estimates that 24% of all deaths and 36% of deaths in children are attributable to environmental exposures,5 more deaths than are caused by HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined.6–8 In the Americas, the Pan American Health Organization estimates that nearly 100,000 children younger than 5 years die annually from physical, chemical, and biological hazards in the environment.9 Children in all countries are exposed to environmental health threats, but the nature and severity of these hazards vary greatly across countries, depending on national income, income distribution, level of development, and national governance.10 More than 90% of the deaths caused by environmental exposures occur in the world’s poorest countries6–8—environmental injustice on a global scale.11 In low-income countries, the predominant environmental threats are household air pollution from burning biomass and contaminated drinking water. These hazards are strongly linked to pneumonia, diarrhea, and a wide range of parasitic infestations in children.9,10 In high-income countries that have switched to cleaner fuels and developed safe drinking water supplies, the major environmental threats are ambient air pollution from motor vehicles and factories, toxic chemicals, and pesticides.10,12,13 These exposures are linked to noncommunicable diseases—asthma, birth defects, cancer, and neurodevelopmental disorders.9,10 Toxic chemicals are increasingly important environmental health threats, especially in previously low-income countries now experiencing rapid economic growth and industrialization.10 A major driver is the relocation of chemical manufacturing, recycling, shipbreaking, and other heavy industries to so-called “pollution havens” in low-income countries that largely lack environmental controls and public health infrastructure. Environmental degradation and disease result. The 1984 Bhopal, India, disaster was an early example.14 Other examples include the export to low-income countries of 2 million tons per year of newly mined asbestos15; lead exposure from backyard battery recycling16; mercury contamination from artisanal gold mining17; the global trade in banned pesticides18; and shipment to the world’s lowest-income countries of vast quantities of hazardous and electronic waste (e-waste).19 Climate change is yet another global environmental threat.20 Its effects will magnify in the years ahead as the world becomes warmer, sea levels rise, insect vector ranges expand, and changing weather patterns cause increasingly severe storms, droughts, and malnutrition. Children are the most vulnerable. Diseases of environmental origin in children can be prevented. Pediatricians are trusted advisors, uniquely well qualified to address environmental threats to children’s health. Prevention requires a combination of research to discover the environmental causes of disease coupled with evidence-based advocacy that translates research findings to policies and programs of prevention. Past successful prevention efforts, many of them led by pediatricians, include the removal of lead from paint and gasoline, the banning of highly hazardous pesticides, and reductions in urban air pollution. Future, more effective prevention will require mandatory safety testing of all chemicals in children’s environments, continuing education of pediatricians and health professionals, and enhanced programs for chemical tracking and disease prevention.
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Conference papers on the topic "Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention"

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Kolosova, E. V., and Elena Moliboga. "RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF FROZEN BIODESERT TECHNOLOGY WITH A GIVEN COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES." In I International Congress “The Latest Achievements of Medicine, Healthcare, and Health-Saving Technologies”. Kemerovo State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/-i-ic-58.

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The foundations of the state policy in the field of healthy nutrition and the policy of producers of healthy food products are the preservation and strengthening of public health, prevention of diseases associated with malnutrition of children and adults. The creation of safe and high-quality food products that improve the nutritional status of the population is an urgent task of the food industry. One of the key directions of its solution is connected with the development and introduction of various types of functional food products into the nutrition structure of the Russian population. The priority direction in the production of ice cream is the production of functional products, using food components and biologically active additives, not only contributing to an increase in the nutritional value of products, but also allowing them to give it the desired therapeutic and preventive properties.
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Micheni, Gillian Kagwiria, and Wambui Kogi Makau. "Predisposing Factors of Rickets in Children Aged 6-59 Months at Mbagathi Hospital, Nairobi." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-m.i.y.c.n.h.p-21.

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A child’s health and survival are highly dependent on optimal maternal infant and young child nutrition practices. In Kenya, under-nutrition is a leading cause of death of children. For infants and children under the age of two, the consequences of under-nutrition are particularly severe, often irreversible, and far reaching in future. Rickets is a disease associated with bone deformity that is caused by inadequate mineralization in growing bones, mainly associated with deficiency in either vitamin D, calcium or both. If untreated it could lead to lifelong disability. Despite, the declines in the prevalence of nutritional rickets since the discovery of vitamin D and role of ultra violet light in prevention of the disease, the condition is still a concern in many affluent and developing countries. In Kenya, there is scanty data on the predisposing factors associated with the re-emergence of rickets, yet recent research shows increasing numbers of cases of rickets being reported at health facilities. A case control study of the children with rickets (cases) and those without rickets (controls) was conducted in 2019 at Mbagathi Hospital to establish the predisposing factors that influence the occurrence of rickets in children aged 6-59 months Nairobi County, Kenya. The results of the study show that large household size (p=0.04), low birth weight (p=0.000), birth order (p=0.03), use of family planning methods(p=0.000), malnutrition (wasting & underweight) (p=0.000), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.008), lack of sunbathing (0.000), positioning children under the shade during sunbathing and attending day care (0.037) were significantly associated with the occurrence of rickets. The study recommends that caregivers should adopt sunbathing their children under direct sunlight, that further studies be conducted on the following factors household size, birth weight, birth order and attending day care in relation to occurrence of rickets. It also recommended that the Government of Kenya through the Ministry of Health and relevant bodies should formulate an elaborate policy on rickets, Keywords: optimal maternal infant, under-nutrition, Rickets, vitamin D, calcium.
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Reports on the topic "Malnutrition in children – Uganda – Prevention"

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Lazzerini, Marzia, Humphrey Wanzira, Peter Lochoro, and Giovanni Putoto. Improving the quality of care for children with acute malnutrition in Uganda. International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23846/tw6ie101.

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Undie, Chi-Chi, Stella Muthuri, George Odwe, Gloria Seruwagi, Francis Obare Onyango, Peter Kisaakye, Stephen Kizito, et al. Data-to-Action Workshop Report: Uganda Humanitarian Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (HVACS), 2022. Population Council, Inc., Population Council Kenya, and African Population and Health Research Center, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2024.1012.

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The Government of Uganda, civil society organisations (CSOs) and international partners participated in a Data-to-Action (‘D2A’) workshop in Kampala from June 14–16, 2023. The D2A workshop was co-convened by the Office of the Prime Minister’s (OPM’s) Department of Refugees and the Baobab Research Programme Consortium, with support from the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD); UNHCR; and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) headquarters staff. The Humanitarian Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (HVACS) D2A workshop aims to support countries in creating violence prevention priorities directly informed by HVACS data. These priorities are created by linking HVACS data to the suite of evidenced-based and prudent practices using the INSPIRE: Seven Strategies for Ending Violence Against Children technical package. The outcomes of the D2A workshop are data-driven, evidence-based priorities and actions to prevent and respond to violence against children (VAC) in humanitarian settings in Uganda, with a specific focus on refugee contexts. The priorities will help complement existing policies and plans related to VAC prevention in Uganda, and help fill in gaps that address humanitarian populations.
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Ssengonzi, Robert, and Frederick Makumbi. Assessing the Effect of a Combined Malaria Prevention Education and Free Insecticide-Treated Bed Nets Program on Self-Reported Malaria Among Children in a Conflict-Affected Setting in Northern Uganda. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI Press, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2010.rr.0010.1004.

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Evaluation of United Nations-supported pilot projects for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Overview of findings. Population Council, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2003.1008.

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Worldwide about 800,000 children a year get HIV infections from their mothers—either during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Countries have the potential to prevent a large share of these infections through low-cost, effective interventions. UN agencies have taken the lead in helping developing countries mount programs for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). This working paper presents key findings from an evaluation of UN-supported pilot PMTCT projects in 11 countries: Botswana, Burundi, Cote d’Ivoire, Honduras, India, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Key findings include feasibility and coverage, factors contributing to program coverage, program challenges, scaling up, the special case of low-prevalence countries, and recommendations. The pilot experience has shown that introducing PMTCT programs into antenatal care in a wide variety of settings is feasible and acceptable to a significant proportion of antenatal care clients who have a demand for HIV information, counseling, and testing. As they go to scale, PMTCT programs can learn from the pilot phase, during which hundreds of thousands of clients were successfully reached.
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