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Journal articles on the topic 'Malto language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Sabir, Abdul Razzaq. "Learning of Brahui Language in Balochistan." Al-Burz 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2009): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54781/abz.v1i1.233.

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Brahui a North Proto Dravidian (NPD) language spoken about 2000 km far from other Sourth Dravidian languages (SPD) in South India i.e. Tamil, Talgu, Malyalam, Kanada, Gondi etc and Central Proto Dravidian (CPD) languages in the Central India i.e. Karukh and Malto by about two million people. It is spoken in the central parts of Balochistan, interior Sindh province in Pakistan and in the Sistan o Balochistan province of Iran, Helmund and Nimroz provinces of Afghanistan, Gulf States, and also there are few families have still preserved. Brahui in Mari province of Turkmenistan. In compare with the other nonliterary tribal dialects of Dravidian languages Brahui is enjoying a worth mentioning literary status in Balochistan-Pakistan. The past history of Brahui language is witnessed that it has been used only as an oral language till post-colonial period in Balochistan. There was no tradition of using Brahui as medium of instruction or in writing, although some works in Brahui had appeared before then, the Brahui literary movement started in the reign of Khan Naseer Khan in the 18th century but a standard literary movement started only after the 1950 when some newspapers including “Muhalim Quetta”, “Balochi Karachi” started publishing in Brahui besides Balochi in Pakistan. While weekly “Elum” Mastung a Brahui-Urdu newspaper was a revolutionary addition in the history of Brahui journalism and learning.

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2

Vella, Alexandra. "Languages and language varieties in Malta." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 16, no. 5 (September 2013): 532–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2012.716812.

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3

Skorupa-Wulczyńska, Aneta. "The Status of English in the European Union after Brexit." Przegląd Prawniczy Uniwersytetu im. Adam Mickiewicza 15 (December 30, 2023): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ppuam.2023.15.08.

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The aims of the article are to analyse the legal status of English after Brexit and present possible scenarios for this language in the post-Brexit Union. Firstly, the article highlights the status of languages in the EU and depicts three major categories of languages in the EU: Treaty languages, official and working languages. Secondly, the article analyses two possible scenarios for retaining the official and working status of English through notifications by Ireland and Malta. Thirdly, the paper focuses on the third scenario of introducing English as a single EU official language. Finally, the article outlines the status quo of English in the EU after UK’s withdrawal from the EU. It concludes that English is likely to remain the official and working language of the EU as a result of proper notification made by either Ireland or Malta.

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Camilleri Grima, Antoinette. "Language in education in Malta." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 16, no. 5 (September 2013): 529–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2012.716811.

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5

Sukavatee, Pornpimol, and Jintavee Khlaisang. "MALLO: A New Paradigm for Ubiquitous Language Learning." rEFLections 30, no. 2 (August 29, 2023): 548–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.61508/refl.v30i2.267527.

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One of the greatest advantages of mobile language learning is its ease of access, especially to learners in the 21st century who have the option of selecting any learning content that matches their preferences or language development goals, anywhere and at any time. Mobile-assisted language learning or MALL takes learning beyond the classroom, which imposes spatial and temporal constraints. This study aims to investigate components of language learning with a mobile-assisted design, and develop and evaluate a mobile-assisted English language learning and teaching innovation, namely Mobile-Assisted Language Learning in Open Resources Environment or MALLO for high-school English as a foreign language (EFL) students. MALLO is a research-based application which employs Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in its development to identify significant components. The participants in this study consist of two sample groups: 1,500 high school students from six regions of Thailand to explore the components; and 300 students to examine MALLO users’ satisfaction Both were selected via the stratified sampling method. After that, nine experts evaluated MALLO in terms of its components, its support for English language learning, its functions, and its application for English language learning. The results indicate that MALLO is comprised of four important components: mobile English learning resources, the use of MALL, mobile technology, and portal collective tools. The results also show the satisfaction of learners as users of the MALLO application at high levels with an average of 4.05 to 4.15. In the final stage, the MALLO application was evaluated by nine experts and the results were also in the range of high or very high levels across all aspects, with an average rating of 4.444.72.

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Kerras, Nassima, and Moulay-Lahssan Baya E. "A Sociolinguistic Comparison Between Algerian and Maltese." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n2p36.

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A sociolinguistic study is made of the Maltese language to compare it to the Algerian language. Algerian is not the official language in Algeria, although it is the national one, and in this article an empirical study is undertaken to question the particularities of Algerian and its formation, comparing it with Maltese which has itself gained official status. Maltese, or “the language of the kitchen” as it is known, has gained important status on the island after decades of foreign occupation and linguistic influence from various civilizations that left palpable paw prints on the Mediterranean island. Maltese has managed to successfully confirm its linguistic identity, through a noticeable influence of Arabic, Italian and English amongst other languages that have imposed themselves and had a hand in forming the Maltese language. A sociolinguistic and historical study is made to explain the formation of Algerian comparing it to Maltese and the influence of history in both languages. A historical study is made to compare and observe the historic diachronic of both countries, and we compare the influence of foreign languages in Algeria and Malta. Likewise, an empirical study is undertaken to question the use of Algerian from various angles, and to examine the linguistic identity in Algeria.

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7

Das, Shantanu. "She Laughs, She Speaks:." Crossings: A Journal of English Studies 14 (December 31, 2023): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.59817/cjes.v14i.479.

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Saadat Hasan Manto in his story, “The Insult,” portrays Saugandhi as a prostitute who is capable of speaking of her choices, yet she speaks in a language designed by a patriarchal system that can be read as “phallogocentric” from Hélène Cixous’s perspective of poststructuralist feminism. Saugandhi’s desire to be loved by a man confines her to the passive, non-speaking position that this “phallogocentric” system has fixed for women in the Lacanian structure of the Symbolic Order. However, the rejection by a customer one night rids her of the desire for patriarchal recognition. She starts speaking in a language new to the phallogocentric system which upsets Madho, who is portrayed by Manto as a speaker of that phallogocentric language. In the last conversation with Madho, Saugandhi laughs hysterically and that threatens Madho with the fear of losing control over her. Manto writes her laughter as her language, which can be analyzed by Cixous’s idea of écriture féminine. With a qualitative approach, this paper examines how Manto, through the portrayal of Saugandhi, writes a deconstructive language that decentralizes the phallogocentric structure in Urdu short fiction and contributes to the écriture féminine in the subculture of Urdu stories even before the phrase was coined.

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8

Mazzon, Gabriella. "English in Malta." English World-Wide 14, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 171–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.14.2.02maz.

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9

Caruana, Sandro, and Laura Mori. "Rethinking Maltese English as a continuum of sociolinguistic continua through evaluations of written and oral prompts." English World-Wide 42, no. 3 (November 10, 2021): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.00072.car.

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Abstract Scientific literature has tackled Maltese English (MaltE) mainly in the framework of World Englishes in order to focus on its features compared to other varieties of English around the world. In this paper we shed more light on MaltE by proposing a sociolinguistic perspective, oriented towards its social stratification, and by referring to it through degrees of linguistic competence in English. We therefore propose two continua of variation: MaltE as an L2 continuum and as a situational one. Within this framework, we identify two groups defined as Mainly Maltese Speakers (MMS) and Mainly English Speakers (MES). We suggest that MaltE can be interpreted both as an L2, and as a variety used according to speech events, domain, participants, in-groupness etc. To investigate this we carried out a perceptual experiment involving two groups of university students, specialising in Maltese and English respectively. We discuss the results based on ratings and evaluations of authentic MaltE written and spoken prompts.

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10

Sciriha, Lydia, and Mario Vasallo. "Images of Social Class through Language in Malta." Plurilinguismes 15, no. 1 (1998): 171–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/pluri.1998.1049.

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11

Shin, Keun Young. "Auxiliary selection and the role of transitivity in grammaticalisation." Journal of Historical Pragmatics 11, no. 1 (February 19, 2010): 96–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.11.1.04shi.

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This paper provides an examination and analysis of two roughly synonymous aspectual markers in Korean, pelita and malta, that developed from the transitive verbs ‘throw away’ and ‘stop’, respectively. Based on electronic corpora, it is shown that these markers are distributed divergently: malta is strongly preferred to pelita in passive, non-volitional and resistant contexts. The divergent distributions of pelita and malta can be more clearly understood in terms of transitivity. I propose that the transitivity difference of their lexical sources is reflected in constraints on their grammaticalisation and contemporary uses. The low vs. high transitivity of the lexical verbs malta and pelita has persisted in grammaticalisation and brought about differences between their grammaticalised forms. This paper suggests that the gradient notion of transitivity can be used as an explanatory principle that generalises differences between synonymous grammatical words that developed from different lexical verbs.

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12

Grech, Helen, and Barbara Dodd. "Phonological acquisition in Malta: A bilingual language learning context." International Journal of Bilingualism 12, no. 3 (September 2008): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006908098564.

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13

Farrugia, Marie Thérèse. "Bilingual Classrooms in Malta: Teaching Mathematics Content and Language." Éducation et sociétés plurilingues, no. 42 (June 1, 2017): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/esp.1114.

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14

Hoffmann-Dilloway, Erika, and Annabelle Xerri. "#Deafmum: A Deaf Maltese Activist’s Strategies for Addressing Hearing Parents of Deaf Children." Practicing Anthropology 44, no. 4 (September 1, 2022): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/0888-4552.44.4.10.

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Abstract Annabelle Xerri, a Maltese Deaf activist, and Erika Hoffmann-Dilloway, a hearing American anthropologist, analyze Annabelle’s social media posts detailing how she navigates sensory and linguistic asymmetries between herself and her hearing children. These posts are part of a larger activist effort to ensure that d/Deaf children in Malta are provided access to sign language. We situate these social media posts in the broader moment in which her activism is unfolding, showing how the posts navigate the benefits and potential pitfalls of different popular and academic framings of the relationship between spoken and signed languages. In so doing, we follow Leila Monaghan, whose work called for and evinced nuanced attention to how broader historical contexts shaped and are shaped by d/Deaf social and linguistic practices and which attended to the roles that d/Deaf and hearing theories about language have played in these processes.

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15

Caruana, Sandro. "AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON THE RECENT MIGRATION OF ITALIANS IN MALTA." Italiano LinguaDue 15, no. 1 (June 26, 2023): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2037-3597/20378.

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Over the past decade, Malta has seen a steady increase in the amount of Italian nationals who work, study and reside on the island. This is a significant recent development in the contacts between Malta and Italy and represents another important milestone in the relationships between the two countries, rooted in language, history and culture. Today, Italians are practically present in every sector of Maltese society and their move to the island is mainly determined by employment opportunities in an Anglophone context which is geographically close to their homeland. Research on this migration has been carried out over the past years in order to investigate language issues, schooling and socialisation. In this paper I provide an overview of the main results obtained in these studies, while also reflecting on how they are relevant for future research on Italians in Malta. Una rassegna della ricerca sulla recente migrazione degli italiani a Malta Durante l’ultimo decennio, a Malta si è registrato un aumento considerevole di Italiani che lavorano, studiano e risiedono sull’isola. Si tratta di uno sviluppo significativo dei contatti tra Malta e l’Italia e rappresenta un’altra tappa fondamentale nelle relazioni tra i due Paesi, le quali hanno radici linguistiche, storiche e culturali. Oggi gli Italiani sono presenti in praticamente tutti i settori della società maltese e, nella maggior parte dei casi, il loro trasferimento è determinato da opportunità lavorative in un contesto anglofono vicino al loro Paese. Argomenti linguistici, la scuola e la socializzazione sono tra i temi che sono stati investigati nelle ricerche svolte recentemente in merito a questa migrazione. In questo lavoro si propone una rassegna dei risultati principali e si riflette sulla rilevanza di queste conclusioni per studi futuri sugli Italiani a Malta.

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16

Grubic, Mira, Agata Renans, and Reginald Akuoko Duah. "Focus, exhaustivity and existence in Akan, Ga and Ngamo." Linguistics 57, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 221–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2018-0035.

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Abstract This paper discusses the relation between focus marking and focus interpretation in Akan (Kwa), Ga (Kwa), and Ngamo (West Chadic). In all three languages, there is a special morphosyntactically marked focus/background construction, as well as morphosyntactically unmarked focus. We present data stemming from original fieldwork investigating whether marked focus/background constructions in these three languages also have additional interpretative effects apart from standard focus interpretation. Crosslinguistically, different additional inferences have been found for marked focus constructions, e.g. contrast (e.g. Vallduví, Enric & Maria Vilkuna. 1997. On rheme and kontrast. In Peter Culicover & Louise McNally (eds.), The limits of syntax (Syntax and semantics 29), 79–108. New York: Academic Press; Hartmann, Katharina & Malte Zimmermann. 2007b. In place – Out of place: Focus in Hausa. In Kerstin Schwabe & Susanne Winkler (eds.), On information structure, meaning and form, 365–403. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.; Destruel, Emilie & Leah Velleman. 2014. Refining contrast: Empirical evidence from the English it-cleft. In Christopher Piñón (ed.), Empirical issues in syntax and semantics 10, 197–214. Paris: Colloque de syntaxe et sémantique à Paris (CSSP). http://www.cssp.cnrs.fr/eiss10/), exhaustivity (e.g. É. Kiss, Katalin. 1998. Identificational focus versus information focus. Language 74(2). 245–273.; Hartmann, Katharina & Malte Zimmermann. 2007a. Exhaustivity marking in Hausa: A re-evaluation of the particle nee/cee. In Enoch O. Aboh, Katharina Hartmann & Malte Zimmermann (eds.), Focus strategies in African languages: The interaction of focus and grammar in Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic (Trends in Linguistics 191), 241–263. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.), and existence (e.g. Rooth, Mats. 1999. Association with focus or association with presupposition? In Peter Bosch & Rob van der Sandt (eds.), Focus: Linguistic, cognitive, and computational perspectives, 232–244. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.; von Fintel, Kai & Lisa Matthewson. 2008. Universals in semantics. The Linguistic Review 25(1–2). 139–201). This paper investigates these three inferences. In Akan and Ga, the marked focus constructions are found to be contrastive, while in Ngamo, no effect of contrast was found. We also show that marked focus constructions in Ga and Akan trigger exhaustivity and existence presuppositions, while the marked construction in Ngamo merely gives rise to an exhaustive conversational implicature and does not trigger an existence presupposition. Instead, the marked construction in Ngamo merely indicates salience of the backgrounded part via a morphological background marker related to the definite determiner (Schuh, Russell G. 2005. Yobe state, Nigeria as a linguistic area. Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 31(2). 77–94; Güldemann, Tom. 2016. Maximal backgrounding=focus without (necessary) focus encoding. Studies in Language 40(3). 551–590). The paper thus contributes to the understanding of the semantics of marked focus constructions across languages and points to the crosslinguistic variation in expressing and interpreting marked focus/background constructions.

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Decorte, Robrecht. "Sine dolo malo." Mnemosyne 69, no. 2 (February 4, 2016): 276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-12341822.

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The Oscan law of the Tabula Bantina (tbo), the longest Oscan text found to this date, is the product of a politically significant time in Roman history in which the Italian socii revolted against, and tried to assert independence from, Rome. In spite of this, the tbo largely reads like a Roman law, particularly in vocabulary and phrasing. The aim of this article is to reveal the extent to which the tbo was influenced by Latin legal language. It will identify several remarkable syntactic, stylistic and epigraphic aspects of this Oscan law and compare them to conventions in the Latin legal register.

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Camilleri Grima, Antoinette. "Challenging code-switching in Malta." Revue française de linguistique appliquée XVIII, no. 2 (2013): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfla.182.0045.

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19

Raveh, Daniel. "What Is Nonviolence? A Dialogue with Ramchandra Gandhi, Saadat Hasan Manto, and Mahasweta Devi." Culture and Dialogue 10, no. 1 (July 18, 2022): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683949-12340111.

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Abstract This paper is an attempt to make sense of the notion and ideal of nonviolence in these ultra-violent days. The paper is a dialogue with three “specialists” of violence, who nevertheless aspire to a different, brighter horizon: Ramchandra Gandhi (henceforth R. Gandhi), Saadat Hasan Manto and Mahasweta Devi. R. Gandhi is one of the most intriguing voices of twentieth-century Indian philosophy. Manto and Mahasweta are writers, the former known for his short partition stories in Urdu; the latter for her gut-wrenching literature in Bengali. All three dare to look violence in the eye, implying that nonviolence can only emerge from deep reflection on violence as an inherent human tendency. Violence is part of me as much as of anyone else. R. Gandhi argues that partition, the cradle of violence, is in the eye, and suggests that we can train the human gaze, our gaze, to prioritize the common denominator between you and I, which hides under the obvious differences between us. For Manto, the remedy is to be found in language. He implies that an ethical dimension is concealed within language, waiting to be excavated. Mahasweta gives voice to those unheard. Acknowledging the unacknowledged, she and Manto show us, is an act of nonviolence.

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20

Krug, Manfred, and Christopher Lucas. "Definite article (omission) in British, Maltese, and other Englishes." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 71, no. 2 (June 7, 2018): 261–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2018-0012.

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Abstract This article investigates factors that underlie the discrepancies in article omission between Maltese English (MaltE) and British English (BrE), with reference to further ENL, ESL and EFL varieties. We investigate seasons of the year, ordinal numbers, languages, proper nouns, titles, institutions and common nouns. Our sources include text corpora, and web and questionnaire-based data. Our key proposal is that MaltE has innovated a rule that the definite article may be omitted when the uniqueness or identifiability of a referent is salient in context. Furthermore, MaltE avoids the definite article commonly when the referent is generic rather than definite. The resulting MaltE system is regulated according to fewer parameters than in BrE, but more consistently.

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21

Martinelli, Victor, and Bernardette Brincat. "A Bilingual Perspective on the Possible Universality of Phonological Awareness Skills Across Two Languages." Journal of Education, Teaching and Social Studies 2, no. 2 (April 7, 2020): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jetss.v2n2p1.

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Reading comprehension relies on the integration of phonological, semantic, syntactic and pragmatic language abilities. The current study investigated phonological awareness in six-year-old children’s mastery of reading in Maltese and English. The researchers recruited eighty-two bilingual participants attending bilingual schools in Malta and administered two parallel batteries comprising parallel word reading tests and phonological tasks in the two languages. Principal components analysis identified clear componential structures in both of the phonological batteries (Maltese and English). A statistical regression analysis identified similar phonological underpinnings across the two single word reading measures. Specific measures of phonological awareness constituted common phonological underpinnings of reading performance in both Maltese and English, if to different degrees. The results support the notion of similarity in the patterns of association of skills sustaining reading across Maltese and English in bilingual children. The view that the phonological skills underpinning reading development across alphabetic languages may not differ substantially between different orthographies is supported.

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22

Cassar, Carmel. "Malta: Language, Literacy and Identity in a Mediterranean Island Society." National Identities 3, no. 3 (November 2001): 257–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14608940120086902.

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23

Panzavecchia, Michelle, and Sabine Little. "The Language of Learning – Maltese teachers’ views on bilingual and multilingual primary classrooms." EuroAmerican Journal of Applied Linguistics and Languages 7, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21283/2376905x.11.184.

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Recent global migration trends and an increase in worldwide human mobility are currently contributing to unparalleled challenges in the area of literacy and education within multicultural and multilingual societies (Leikin, Schwartz, & Tobin, 2012). Malta, a small island in the Mediterranean, is one country currently seeking ways in which to adapt to the realities of today’s diverse classrooms. This paper details original research into Maltese teachers’ perceptions and practices in multilingual classrooms. Following a brief overview of Malta's language history and educational system, we draw on the experiences of eight bilingual primary school teachers through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Recent demographic changes in Malta necessitate a paradigm shift in education. With Malta’s challenges mirrored at global level, this study makes an important contribution to understanding the issues faced by educators and children, exploring pathways towards an equitable and socially just education for all.

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Elitis, Odiseas, and Lara Unuk. "Malo zeleno morje." Keria: Studia Latina et Graeca 25, no. 2 (December 28, 2023): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/keria.25.2.117.

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Konovalova, Nadiia. "Experience of bilingual countries in the issue of mastering the minority language: effective borrowing into preschool pedagogy of Ukraine in order to form foreign language communicative competence in children of middle preschool age." ScienceRise: Pedagogical Education, no. 1 (58) (February 29, 2024): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4984.2024.298785.

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The article addresses the relevant topic for Ukraine of developing foreign language communicative competence in preschool and, specifically, middle preschool age. The research aims to analyze and summarize the experience of bilingual countries in the formation of communicative competence in minority languages, as well as to determine practical boundaries for its adoption in Ukrainian preschool pedagogy with the ultimate goal to develop effective methodologies for children of middle preschool age to acquire foreign language communicative competence. In the research process, theoretical methods, such as literature and documentation analysis, were used, along with a set of general theoretical methods: abstraction and concretization, analysis and synthesis, comparison, contrast, structuring, induction, and deduction. As a result of the research, the experience of forming language communicative competence in minority languages in countries, such as Finland, Canada, Malta, and Israel, was analyzed and summarized. The main effective methods for developing communicative competence in the language of minorities in children of middle preschool age were identified, including the method of total immersion, the method of partial immersion based on the principle of one educator - one language, and the method of partial immersion based on the principle of one educator - two languages.The widespread use of the translanguaging approach and language mixing in the process of forming communicative competence in minority languages in the context of bilingual countries has been identified. The main conditions, under which the formation of communicative competence in minority languages occurs in bilingual countries, have been summarized, a comparison with similar conditions for developing foreign language communicative competence in children of middle preschool age in Ukraine has been made.It has been identified that the main contextual difference in Ukraine is the extensive geographical distribution of a foreign language that influences children's understanding of its practical significance and the possibility of live communication with it. A conclusion has been drawn regarding the necessity of carefully transferring the experience of bilingual countries in using the translanguaging approach during the formation of foreign language communicative competence in Ukraine, since this caution is warranted because its application may result in a decrease in the motivation of children of middle preschool age to acquire a foreign language, given the possibility of achieving communication goals through their native language. The main assets of the studied bilingual countries that can be effectively borrowed by the preschool pedagogy of Ukraine in the process of developing methods for the formation of foreign language communicative competence in children of middle preschool age are highlighted, as a normative consolidation of the method of such formation, taking into account the greater effectiveness of early and total immersion in comparison with other forms of mastery of children of middle preschool age in a foreign language, managing groups of children with different levels of foreign language speaking competence and the practice of introducing children with an insignificant level of competence in a foreign language into groups with a higher level of foreign language communicative competence

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Farah, Lubna, and Abdul Bari Owais. "http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/215." Habibia Islamicus 5, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47720/hi.2021.0502a05.

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This research is an attempt to trace and corelate the evolution of short story in the Arabic and Urdu languages besides highlighting contributions made by the most prominent pioneers and the trends prevailing in different eras of both the languages. The short story is one of the most famous and widely read genres of fiction that seems to answer almost everything near to the nature of human being and whenever it is narrated it feels as if, something exceptional has been created which contains substance of our inferred experience and transitory sense of our common, tempestuous journey of life. Irrespective of the prevailing belief that short story also belongs to the West, its roots in the Arabic language go back to the pre-Islamic times and especially the Golden Age of Islamic civilization which spans from the 8th to the 14th centuries. Anecdotes of the Bedouins and the rhymed Ma’qama were the early foundations of short story in the Arabic language. Then this art reached its epitome in the modern era by the big names like al-Manfaluti, Tawfiq al-Hakim, Naguib Mahfouz, Yahya Haqqi, Ihsan Abdul Quddus, Yusuf Idris and Hasib Kayali. Likewise, the Urdu language that is a product of centuries long interaction between the native Indians and the invading Muslim culture, has borrowed the genre of short story form diverse sources. Then it was matured in the early 20th century by the pioneers like Rashid al-Khairi, Sajjad Haider Yaldram, Saadat Hasan Manto, Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi, Mansha Yaad and Intizar Hussain.

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27

Vella, John. "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy." Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies 9, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 25–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajms.9-1-2.

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The study presents place names and site names (toponyms) found in the Maltese islands and which comprise Greek words or have origins in the Greek language. With a focus on maritime connections, it presents historic events which would have brought harbour communities in close encounter with the Greek language and culture. Through a multidisciplinary approach the study analyses placenames and site names still used or found in historical documents, backed by archaeological evidence, oral tradition, cartography, other knowledge, and studies. Findings show that in the Maltese islands, placenames mirroring or containing Greek words occur at sea inlets and creeks which could have served as harbours; however, the occurrence of both place names and site names is higher in the south of Malta and around its ancient harbour, witnessing to higher contacts between the two cultures. The study concludes that connections between the Maltese islands and the Greek cultures happened mostly in maritime harbours owing to events in history which gave importance to the use of the Greek language or Greek maritime terminology. Keywords: Greek, harbour, Malta, maritime, Mediterranean, toponyms

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Bilia, Trisevgeni. "Manto Aravantinou’s Joycean archive." Journal of Greek Media & Culture 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2023): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgmc_00077_1.

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This article focuses on the work of Manto Aravantinou (1923–98), a Greek poet, critic and translator of Joyce, mainly active in the 1960s–80s. Specifically, it discusses her 1977 monograph Ta Ellinika tou Tzeims Tzois (James Joyce’s Greek) in which she explores Joyce’s connection to the Greek language, culture and people. This book is based on her archival research on Joyce’s Greek notebooks (1916–17), a small and underexplored part of the Zurich notebooks (1915–19), which contain notes from what she claims are the Irish author’s Greek lessons with Pavlos Phocas. This article examines Aravantinou’s reading of the Greek part of the Joyce archive, how she uses it to interpret and translate Joyce, and how that introduces new modes of reading Joyce’s work. Contrary to negative reviews she received about misreading and misinterpreting Joyce, I argue that Aravantinou’s approach to the Greek notebooks considers the note as a productive space of meaning, and takes into account the invitation to etymological speculation as well as the singular multilingualism of Joyce’s later work. Finally, considering recent discussions about the ‘weird’ as a mode that is based on the creation of an archive, I argue that Aravantinou reconstructs the Joyce archive in such a way that she introduces the weird as a possible way of reading Joyce.

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Camilleri, Antoinette. "Language values and identities: Code switching in secondary classrooms in Malta." Linguistics and Education 8, no. 1 (January 1996): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0898-5898(96)90007-8.

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30

Friggieri, Oliver. "Semitic and Latin Elements in the Language and Literature of Malta." Journal of World Literature 2, no. 2 (2017): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00202003.

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The Semitic character of Malta’s language and the Latinity of its culture have both contributed towards the complex formation of a unique country marked by dualities of language and identity. This article seeks to outline the development of Maltese as a medium through which Malta could best express itself and construct its own literature, as Maltese intellectuals in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries sought to create an alternative to the older Italian and more recent British dominance. The establishment of Maltese as the national language and of a thriving Maltese literature reflects a move away from the use of Maltese Italian as a minor literature to the creation of an “ultraminor” Maltese for an independent country.

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31

Jabeen, Fatma, and Norina Tahreem Babar. "Urdu-26 A study of The Book of Mumtaz Shireen, “Manto: Noori Na Nari” according Islamic values." Al-Aijaz Research Journal of Islamic Studies & Humanities 5, no. 2 (June 20, 2021): 335–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53575/urdu26.v5.02(21).335-352.

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Islam is a complete code of life. Allah Almighty has given this code of life through the Last Prophet Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ who passed his life according this code and present his life as Symbol for all mankind. He ﷺ told what is allowed and abandon from the misdeeds. Manto is represent as a person who write about misdeeds of life. Saadat Hasan Manto (11 May 1912 – 18 January 1955) was a writer author born in Ludhiana active in British India and later, after the partition, in Pakistan. Writing mainly in the Urdu language, he produced 22 collections of short stories, a novel, five series of radio plays, three collections of essays and two collections of personal sketches. Manto was known to write about the hard truths of society that no one dared to talk about. A review of Mumtaz Shireen book “Manto: Noori Na Nari”. Mumtaz Shireen is a Story Writer as well as an exceptional Critic of Urdu Fiction. She Presents her Critical reviews in a solid and well-reasoned manner in light of international literature. Mumtaz Shireen is Considered as one of the foremost critics of fiction. She has discussed the feature of novel, novelette, novella and short story. In term of criticism, two of her books are worth mentioning the first book “Mayar” is a compilation of 13 of her critical essays. The 2nd “Manto: Noori Na Nari” is a compilation of Mumtaz Shireen’s miscellaneous writings about Manto. The following article is a comparative overview of book “Manto: Noori Na Nari” and Islamic Values and his place according to Islamic Values.

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Hoyte-West, Antony. "Some Characteristics of the Conference Interpreting Profession in Malta and the Republic of Ireland: a Comparative Overview." Translation Studies: Theory and Practice 2, no. 1 (3) (June 1, 2022): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/tstp/2022.2.1.017.

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With the rise of multilingual international organisations over the past eight decades, the conference interpreting profession has developed accordingly. In the case of the European Union (EU), the range of official languages now includes less widely spoken languages such as Maltese and Irish. Through examination of the domestic professional landscapes of the conference interpreting professions in two EU member states, Malta and the Republic of Ireland, this exploratory contribution offers a comparative overview of the historical and contemporary development of the domestic conference interpreting profession in both countries, together with contextual information regarding multilingualism policy and the specific cases of Maltese and Irish as official languages of the EU. As such, core details regarding education, training, and professional organisations for conference interpreters in both Malta and the Republic of Ireland are outlined and compared, thereby offering a suitable basis for subsequent empirically-based research.

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33

Sciriha, Lydia. "Trilingualism in Malta: Social and Educational Perspectives." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 4, no. 1 (March 2001): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050108667716.

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34

Rimšāne, Inta, Ušča Svetlana, and Sandra Ežmale. "TOWARDS THE LANGUAGE AWARENESS ACTIVITIES IN THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM OF EASTERN LATVIA." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (July 24, 2015): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2014vol1.746.

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The present study discusses if the teachers who live and work in multicultural environment of Eastern Latvia and who are plurilingual themselves, are ready to use and integrate the new language awareness activities in the school curriculum. The paper reports on a survey carried out on over 30 teachers of the secondary school which is located in the rural territory called Malta, near the border with Russia. There are drawn the following conclusions: the teachers theoretically agree to the fact that the language awareness activities should be a part of the school curriculum. The activities should be integrated not only in the lessons of the foreign languages, but also in other subjects. However, the majority of the teachers are not ready to use the activities in their own lessons. In grades 5-12, the usage of the innovative activities could be prevented and often stopped by the necessity to prepare the students for passing the state examinations in Grades 9 and 12. The results of the state examinations are closely related to the teachers’ professional assessment, so many teachers have no motivation to use the activities, and possible the innovations, in the learning process.

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35

Blondy, Alain. "L'ordre de Malte et Malte dans les affaires polonaises et russes au XVIIIe siècle." Revue des études slaves 66, no. 4 (1994): 733–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/slave.1994.6216.

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36

Caruana, Sandro. "Trilingualism in Malta: Maltese, English and ‘Italiano Televisivo’." International Journal of Multilingualism 3, no. 3 (September 12, 2006): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/ijm024.0.

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37

Joffé, E. G. H. "Relations between Libya, Tunisia and Malta up to the British Occupation of Malta." Libyan Studies 21 (1990): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900001485.

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AbstractThe conventional view is that Malta has been on the ‘forgotten frontier’ of Christian maritime resistance to Islamic expansionism since the Islamic invasions of North Africa in the seventh century. The limited archival and archeological evidence suggests that, up to the arrival of the Order of the Knights of St John of Jerusalem in Malta in 1530, this picture is not accurate. The Islamic occupation of the Maltese archipelago in 870 created a cosmopolitan Muslim society which persisted until the mid-thirteenth century, despite the Norman conquest of the region in 1090. Indeed, the formal end of Muslim society in Malta only came in 1224, as a side-result of the Hohenstauffen suppression of a Muslim rebellion in Sicily.Even under the Order of St John contacts with the Muslim world were far closer than is conventionally supposed. The Grand Master of the Order maintained close contacts with the Qaramanlis in Tripoli and the Beys of Tunis during the eighteenth century, despite the continuation of the corso. In reality, contacts had always existed and had been recognised as essential by the Holy See because Malta could not sustain its population once it had exceeded 10,000 persons. Sicily, the obvious source of supply, often exerted undesirable political pressure and the Barbary coast was the only other alternative. The main legacy of the close contacts between Malta and the North African Muslim world, however, is to be found, even today, in the Maltese language, which is really a Medieval variant of North African Arabic.

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Munster, H.-P. "Ein phonizischer Totenpapyrus aus Malta." Journal of Semitic Studies 46, no. 2 (September 1, 2001): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/46.2.251.

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39

Grech, Helen. "Speech-Language Pathology in Malta: Meeting Local Needs in a Global Perspective." Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica 54, no. 2 (2002): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000057923.

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40

Otto, Franklin. "Bill Kulik: The Gringo Malo Speaks the Language of the Game." NINE: A Journal of Baseball History and Culture 21, no. 2 (2013): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nin.2013.0026.

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41

Melberg, Arne. "Rilkes Malte: Noch ein Skandinavier in Paris?" Poetica 32, no. 1-2 (December 17, 2000): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890530-032-01-02-90000008.

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Melberg, Arne. "Rilkes Malte: Noch Ein Skandinavier in Paris?" Poetica 32, no. 1-2 (June 27, 2000): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890530-0320102007.

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43

SULLIVAN, CERI. "SILVER IN THE JEW OF MALTA." Notes and Queries 48, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 265—a—265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/48-3-265a.

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44

SULLIVAN, CERI. "SILVER IN THE JEW OF MALTA." Notes and Queries 48, no. 3 (2001): 265—a—265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/48.3.265-a.

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45

Gastaldi, Viviana. "El manto de Orestes: Una prueba ἄτεχνοϛ?" Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica 68, no. 2 (2001): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20546681.

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46

Rusetskaya, Irina A. "CRYPTOGRAPHIC MEANING OF THE VOYNICH MANUSCRIPT." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Information Science. Information Security. Mathematics 4 (2023): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-679x-2023-4-92-107.

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The article analyzes modern approaches to deciphering the text of the Voynich manuscript. The work contains a brief overview in the history of the manuscript discovery and an analysis of the main versions about the authorship and the first owners of the manuscript, the place and time of its creation and its content. The author pays attention to the study of key approaches to the definition of cryptographic methods that could be used by the author or authors of the essay and the analysis of the manuscript text decrypting issues facing modern researchers. The article provides a review of other encrypted manuscripts, the time and place of creation of which allow comparison with the Voynich manuscript according to a number of selected criteria. Particular attention is paid to analyzing the challenges of defining the manuscript language, what involves the choice of one or more natural languages within one or the other language group, an artificial language or “language” consisting of a random set of characters. Difficulties with transliteration of manuscript symbols used to create machine-readable versions of the text are considered. An analysis of the prospects for studying the cryptographic content of the manuscript is carried out. Attention is paid to the content of a number of reports of the international conference on the study of the Voynich manuscript, held by the University of Malta in November–December 2022. The author emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the Voynich manuscript, which requires the combined efforts of cryptologists, mathematicians, historians, philologists, linguists to successfully unravel the content of the manuscript Voynich.

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Gauci, Hertian, and Antoinette Camilleri Grima. "Codeswitching as a tool in teaching Italian in Malta." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 16, no. 5 (September 2013): 615–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2012.716817.

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48

Ali, Sardar. "Manto and Culture: An Exploration of Cultural Code in Manto’s “My Name is Radha”." University of Chitral Journal of Linguistics and Literature 5, no. II (December 30, 2021): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33195/jll.v5iii.328.

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This study aims to explore Manto’s short story “My Name is Radha” from a cultural perspective. The purpose of the investigation is to bring the hidden meaning to the surface, which is there but not visible. Manto has used many political, religious, historical, and cultural references in the story, which are significant in the understanding of the researcher. These references have deflected the norms, values, and taboos of Indian society. These are investigated with the help of Barthes, cultural code. This code helps in cultural understanding of the story. The study finds that Manto has used many cultural elements in his text like, bhai, behan, Raksha Bandan, kurta, sari, and panjama. These words provide a vivid description of the Indian people, as well as their culture. Furthermore, this study discovers that Manto has used a unique codec language to portray the way of living of the Indian people. Sometimes he has spoken directly of the cultural taboos and sometimes he has spoken indirectly of the said. The study concludes that the writer has deflected the society through different cultural elements. And these elements help in the true understanding of the text.

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Kaczmarek, Tomasz. "De la Commune à l’anarchie de Charles Malato : le destin de l’écrivain libertaire." Cahiers ERTA, no. 36 (December 20, 2023): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23538953ce.23.035.18975.

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From the Commune to Anarchy by Charles Malato: the destiny of the libertarian writer Charles Malato has gone down in posterity as the author of novels, memoirs and especially plays in which he castigates the excesses of power. Two events are at the origin of the birth of Malato’s vocation as an anarchist writer: the condemnation of his parents to banishment in New Caledonia and the meeting of the young Charles with Louise Michel. It is in this context that this article proposes to study the autobiographical text of the French author From the Commune to Anarchy which allows us to understand the inner evolution of the somewhat carefree adolescent towards destiny of a revolutionary able to use his pen as a formidable weapon. From then on, the analysis of the text accounts for Malato’s political awareness and his subsequent involvement in social issues, as well as highlighting the style of his language, as cruel as it is grotesque, which will upset the fragile minds of the bourgeois. In short, the exploration of the work constitutes a kind of propaedeutic to the subversive work of Malato whose universality attests to its undeniable topicality.

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Frendo, Henry. "Britain's European Mediterranean: Language, religion and politics in Lord Strickland's Malta (1927–1930)." History of European Ideas 21, no. 1 (February 27, 1995): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(94)00111-r.

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