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1

Middleton, Owen S., Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Christopher J. Sandom. "Homogenization of carnivorous mammal ensembles caused by global range reductions of large-bodied hypercarnivores during the late Quaternary." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1929 (2020): 20200804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0804.

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Carnivorous mammals play crucial roles in ecosystems by influencing prey densities and behaviour, and recycling carrion. Yet, the influence of carnivores on global ecosystems has been affected by extinctions and range contractions throughout the Late Pleistocene and Holocene (approx. 130 000 years ago to the current). Large-bodied mammals were particularly affected, but how dietary strategies influenced species' susceptibility to geographical range reductions remains unknown. We investigated (i) the importance of dietary strategies in explaining range reductions of carnivorous mammals (greater
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2

Solé, Floréal, Valentin Fischer, Kévin Le Verger, et al. "Evolution of European carnivorous mammal assemblages through the Palaeogene." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 135, no. 4 (2022): 734–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blac002.

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Abstract The rise of Carnivora (Mammalia: Laurasiatheria) is an important evolutionary event that changed the structure of terrestrial ecosystems, starting at the dawn of the Eocene, 56 Mya. This radiation has been mainly analysed in North America, leaving the evolution of carnivoran diversity in other regions of the globe poorly known. To tackle this issue, we review the evolution of terrestrial carnivorous mammal diversity (Mesonychidae, Oxyaenidae, Hyaenodonta and Carnivoramorpha) in Europe. We reveal four episodes of intense faunal turnovers that helped establish the dominance of carnivora
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3

Losada, María, Miguel Suárez-Couselo, and Mar Sobral. "Geographic distribution of mammal diets." Web Ecology 24, no. 2 (2024): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-24-71-2024.

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Abstract. The study of trophic interactions might be key to understanding the distribution of species on Earth. Particularly, the biogeography of heterotrophic species – such as mammals – could be strongly driven by trophic interactions (diet). Here, we map and discuss the division of dietary strategies (herbivory, frugivory, carnivory, etc.) of terrestrial mammals on a global scale. We analyzed the diet of 4854 extant terrestrial mammal species (with known range and diet data, representing 86.67 % of extant mammal species). We compiled species diets (EltonTraits database), species ranges (Int
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4

Madurell-Malapeira, Joan, Maria Prat-Vericat, Saverio Bartolini-Lucenti, et al. "A Review on the Latest Early Pleistocene Carnivoran Guild from the Vallparadís Section (NE Iberia)." Quaternary 7, no. 3 (2024): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat7030040.

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The Vallparadís Section encompasses various geological layers that span a significant chronological range, extending from the latest Early Pleistocene to the early Middle Pleistocene, covering a timeframe from approximately 1.2 to 0.6 Ma. This period holds particular importance, as it coincides with a significant climatic transition known as the Early–Middle Pleistocene Transition, a pivotal phase in Quaternary climatic history. This transition, marked by the shift from a 41,000-year obliquity-driven climatic cycle to a 100,000-year precession-forced cyclicity, had profound effects on the Cala
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5

Middleton, Owen, Hanna Svensson, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, Søren Faurby, and Christopher Sandom. "CarniDIET 1.0: A database of terrestrial carnivorous mammal diets." Global Ecology and Biogeography 30, no. 6 (2021): 1175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13296.

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6

Li, Lu, Liang Zhang, Lijun Luo, et al. "Adaptive Expression and ncRNA Regulation of Genes Related to Digestion and Metabolism in Stomach of Red Pandas during Suckling and Adult Periods." Animals 14, no. 12 (2024): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14121795.

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Red pandas evolved from carnivores to herbivores and are unique within Carnivora. Red pandas and carnivorous mammals consume milk during the suckling period, while they consume bamboo and meat during the adult period, respectively. Red pandas and carnivorous mammal ferrets have a close phylogenetic relationship. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of dietary changes and nutrient utilization in red pandas from suckling to adult, comparative analysis of the whole transcriptome was performed on stomach tissues from red pandas and ferrets during the suckling and adult periods. The main
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7

Esteban-Sánchez, Lorena, Juan José García-Rodríguez, Juncal García-García, Eva Martínez-Nevado, Manuel Antonio de la Riva-Fraga, and Francisco Ponce-Gordo. "Wild Animals in Captivity: An Analysis of Parasite Biodiversity and Transmission among Animals at Two Zoological Institutions with Different Typologies." Animals 14, no. 5 (2024): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14050813.

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We have conducted a 10-year-long coprological study of the animals housed in two zoological institutions (ZooAquarium and Faunia, Madrid, Spain) to assess the parasite biodiversity, prevalence, and their relation with host class, diet, and enclosure type (soil type and level of isolation from wild fauna). A total of 4476 faecal samples from 132 mammal species and 951 samples from 86 avian species were examined. The results indicated that only 12.8% of avian species had parasites at least once during the study period, whereas 62.1% of mammal species tested positive. Predominantly, protists (Ent
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8

Christison, Brigid E., Fred Gaidies, Silvia Pineda-Munoz, Alistair R. Evans, Marisa A. Gilbert, and Danielle Fraser. "Dietary niches of creodonts and carnivorans of the late Eocene Cypress Hills Formation." Journal of Mammalogy 103, no. 1 (2021): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab123.

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Abstract Modern North American carnivorous mammal assemblages consist of species from a single clade: the Carnivora. Carnivorans once coexisted with members of other meat-eating clades, including the creodonts (Hyaenodontida and Oxyaenida). Creodonts, however, went extinct in North America during the late Eocene and early Oligocene, potentially due to niche overlap and resource competition with contemporary carnivorans. In this study, we employ a community ecology approach to understand whether the dietary niches of coexisting creodonts and carnivorans overlapped during the late Eocene (Chadro
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9

Sanhueza, R., W. Moya, and J. R. Rau. "Nestedness In A Carnivorous Mammal Assemblage In Forest Fragments Of The Araucanía Region, Southern Chile." Zoodiversity 58, no. 6 (2024): 501–12. https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.06.501.

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Sanhueza, R., Moya, W., Rau, J. R. (2024): Nestedness In A Carnivorous Mammal Assemblage In Forest Fragments Of The Araucanía Region, Southern Chile. Zoodiversity 58 (6): 501-512, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2024.06.501, URL: https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.06.501
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10

Buenrostro-Silva, Alejandra, Daniela Sigüenza Pérez, and Jesús García-Grajales. "MAMÍFEROS CARNÍVOROS DEL PARQUE NACIONAL LAGUNAS DE CHACAHUA, OAXACA, MÉXICO: RIQUEZA, ABUNDANCIA Y PATRONES DE ACTIVIDAD." Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca) 5, no. 2 (2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2015.5.2.209.

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RESUMENLos mamíferos carnívoros desempeñan un rol importante en la estructura de las comunidades; sin embargo, los estudios sobre este grupo son complicados debido a sus estilos de vida, por lo que aún existen vacíos de información biológica. En este estudio se utilizaron trampas cámara en cuatro localidades de la costa central de Oaxaca, México. El trabajo se efectuó de septiembre de 2009 a agosto de 2010, con un esfuerzo total de 1012 días/trampa. Se obtuvieron 160 registros fotográficos independientes de ochos especies de mamíferos carnívoros y respecto a las presas potenciales se registrar
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11

Sazima, Ivan, and Cristina Sazima. "Cleaner birds: an overview for the Neotropics." Biota Neotropica 10, no. 4 (2010): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032010000400025.

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Several bird species feed on a variety of external parasites and epibionts, organic debris, dead and wounded tissue, clots and blood, and secretions from the body of other vertebrates (hosts or clients). We present an overview of so called cleaner birds from the Neotropics based on field records, literature, and photo survey. We found that 33 bird species in 16 families practice cleaning even if some of them do so very occasionally. The birds range from the Galápagos ground finch Geospiza fuliginosa to the widespread black vulture Coragyps atratus. Clients mostly are large herbivores such as c
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12

Toosey, William J., Thomas E. Williamson, Sarah L. Shelley, and Stephen L. Brusatte. "The osteology of Triisodon crassicuspis (Cope, 1882): New insights into the enigmatic “archaic” placental mammal group “Triisodontidae”." PLOS ONE 19, no. 11 (2024): e0311187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311187.

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Following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, mammals underwent an increase in body size, taxonomic diversity and ecological specialization throughout the Paleocene, exemplifying their adaptability. One especially enigmatic group is the “Triisodontidae”, medium- to large-sized ungulate-like placentals from the Paleocene which are best known from their teeth that exhibit adaptations towards carnivory. The “triisodontids” were the first large carnivorous mammals and pre-date, and may have given rise to, Mesonychia, a group of more specialized placental carnivores. The “triisodontids” have been w
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13

Figueirido, Borja, Alberto Martín-Serra, and Christine M. Janis. "Ecomorphological determinations in the absence of living analogues: the predatory behavior of the marsupial lion (Thylacoleo carnifex) as revealed by elbow joint morphology." Paleobiology 42, no. 3 (2016): 508–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2015.55.

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AbstractThylacoleo carnifex, or the “pouched lion” (Mammalia: Marsupialia: Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae), was a carnivorous marsupial that inhabited Australia during the Pleistocene. Although all present-day researchers agree that Thylacoleo had a hypercarnivorous diet, the way in which it killed its prey remains uncertain. Here we use geometric morphometrics to capture the shape of the elbow joint (i.e., the anterior articular surface of the distal humerus) in a wide sample of extant mammals of known behavior to determine how elbow anatomy reflects forearm use. We then employ this informati
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14

NISTREANU, Victoria, and Alina LARION. "Mammal fauna of Chisinau airport, Republic of Moldova." One Health & Risk Management 3, no. 1 (2021): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.38045/ohrm.2022.1.07.

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Introduction. Airport territories are large, containing a high variety of biotopes, mostly open type, and are relatively protected against intense human activity, thus creating favorable conditions for many mammal species that serve as trophic source for many bird species.
 Material and methods. The studies were performed during 2012-2014 on the territory of Chisinau airport and within the adjacent ecosystems. The mammals were recorded by direct observations, based on traces and trophic activity on routes ranging from 1 to 3 km. The small mammals were assessed with traps. The bat species
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15

Hadler, Patrícia, Fernando J. Fernández, Jorge José Cherem, et al. "Forest stability during the Holocene in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil revealed by small mammals from Gruta do Presépio." Holocene 34, no. 1 (2024): 98–108. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14819194.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Quaternary small mammals are important proxies for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. The Brazilian record, although famous and continuously growing, is hampered by poor chronological control due to the nature of most of the published assemblages. Here, we present a taphonomic analysis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on marsupials, bats, and rodents (480 remains) from the Gruta do Presépio archeological site (GPR, hereafter), Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. The site is a rock shelter located in an Atlantic Forest biome, an
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16

Marin, Ana-Maria, Ovidiu-Alexandru Mederle, Gianluca Marucci, Dan-Cornel Popovici, and Narcisa Mederle. "First Identification and Molecular Characterization of Trichinella britovi (Nematoda: Trichinellidae) from the Pine Marten (Martes martes Linnaeus, 1758) in Romania." Microorganisms 11, no. 9 (2023): 2339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092339.

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Trichinella spp. are etiological zoonotic agents spread throughout the world and affect mammals, birds, and reptiles; they evolve via two cycles: domestic and sylvatic. Martes martes is a carnivorous nocturnal mammal from the family Mustelidae. In Romania, this host is widespread in all forests of the country. Martes martes has an extremely voracious appetite, feeding on fruit and also on a variety of small animals, including rodents such as mice and rats. The aim of this study was the identification and molecular characterization of Trichinella larvae isolated from the muscle tissue of Martes
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17

Tomiya, Susumu, Shawn P. Zack, Michelle Spaulding, and John J. Flynn. "Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world." Journal of Paleontology 95, S82 (2021): 1–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2020.74.

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AbstractThe middle Eocene Washakie Formation of Wyoming, USA, provides a rare window, within a single depositional basin, into the faunal transition that followed the early Eocene warming events. Based on extensive examination, we report a minimum of 27 species of carnivorous mammals from this formation, more than doubling the previous taxic count. Included in this revised list are a new species of carnivoraform, Neovulpavus mccarrolli n. sp., and up to ten other possibly new taxa. Our cladistic analysis of early Carnivoraformes incorporating new data clarified the array of middle Eocene taxa
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18

Bilski, D. R., M. R. Pie, and F. C. Passos. "Variable inbreeding effects across life-history stages in a captive carnivorous mammal population." Animal Conservation 16, no. 6 (2013): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12038.

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19

Piggott, Maxine P., and Andrea C. Taylor. "Extensive evaluation of faecal preservation and DNA extraction methods in Australian native and introduced species." Australian Journal of Zoology 51, no. 4 (2003): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo03012.

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We evaluated and compared sixteen combinations of commonly used storage and extraction methods for faecal DNA from two Australian marsupial herbivores, two marsupial carnivores and an introduced carnivorous mammal. For all species the highest amplification and lowest genotyping error rates were achieved using dried faeces extracted via a surface wash followed by spin column purification. The highest error rates were seen in the two Dasyurus spp. and the lowest in Vulpes vulpes. The rates observed for each species were incorporated into computer simulations to identify the number of PCR replica
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20

Maurya, Vipul, Jai Pratap Singh, Kahkashan Naseem, et al. "Photographic evidence of Striped Hyena Hyaena hyaena (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) in Ramnagar forest division, Uttarakhand, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 15 (2018): 13017–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3555.10.15.13017-13019.

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Striped Hyena Hyaena hyaena is a large carnivorous mammal found in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and India. Though the mammal is largely distributed across the globe, it is listed under the Near Threatened category by IUCN Red List. Uttarakhand is one of the states in India that is highly rich in biodiversity. The last reported evidence of the Striped Hyena in Ramnagar Division, Uttarakhand, was in a working plan in 1977. All India tiger estimations through camera traps conducted in 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016 failed to record the species in the area. The current study conducted in March–De
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21

Medrano-Vizcaíno, Pablo. "The highest altitudinal record of the Mountain coati Nasuella olivacea (Gray, 1865) for Ecuador." Biodiversity Data Journal 6 (December 14, 2018): e29160. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e29160.

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The Mountain coati <i>Nasuella olivacea</i> is a species of carnivorous mammal, several aspects of its ecology and natural history remain unknown. In Ecuador, its presence is reported in high Andean forest and paramo between 1,300 and 3,700 m a.s.l., being rare over 3,200 m. In this work, I present the extension of its altitudinal limit for Ecuador to 3,862 m a.s.l.; in addition, I report an event of a possible interaction between <i>Tremarctos ornatus</i> and <i>N. olivacea</i>.
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22

Laurentino, Izabela Costa, Rafael Turíbio Moraes de Sousa, and Gilberto Corso. "New records and update on the geographic distribution of the Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." Check List 16, no. 1 (2020): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.1.83.

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Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818), Neotropical Otter, is a medium-sized, carnivorous, semi-aquatic mammal with a wide geographic distribution from Mexico to Uruguay. Although the number of studies on this species has been increasing, the vast majority of them focus on diet and habitat use. This paper updates the distribution of this species by providing new records from 19 municipalities (13 in the Atlantic Forest) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. These new records are important for the conservation of L. longicaudis.
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23

Grafe, T. Ulmar, Caroline R. Schöner, Gerald Kerth, Anissa Junaidi, and Michael G. Schöner. "A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2011): 436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.1141.

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Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seed-dispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insect-attractive volatile compounds and low amounts of digestive fluid. Here, we show that N. rafflesiana el
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24

Grafe, T. Ulmar, Caroline R. Schöner, Gerald Kerth, Anissa Junaidi, and Michael G. Schöner. "A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2011): 436–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463760.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seed-dispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insect-attractive volatile compounds and low amounts of di
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25

Grafe, T. Ulmar, Caroline R. Schöner, Gerald Kerth, Anissa Junaidi, and Michael G. Schöner. "A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2011): 436–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463760.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seed-dispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insect-attractive volatile compounds and low amounts of di
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26

Grafe, T. Ulmar, Caroline R. Schöner, Gerald Kerth, Anissa Junaidi, and Michael G. Schöner. "A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2011): 436–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463760.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seed-dispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insect-attractive volatile compounds and low amounts of di
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27

Grafe, T. Ulmar, Caroline R. Schöner, Gerald Kerth, Anissa Junaidi, and Michael G. Schöner. "A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2011): 436–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463760.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seed-dispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insect-attractive volatile compounds and low amounts of di
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Grafe, T. Ulmar, Caroline R. Schöner, Gerald Kerth, Anissa Junaidi, and Michael G. Schöner. "A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants." Biology Letters 7, no. 3 (2011): 436–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463760.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seed-dispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insect-attractive volatile compounds and low amounts of di
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29

Wenting, Elke, Henk Siepel, and Patrick A. Jansen. "Stoichiometric variation within and between a terrestrial herbivorous and a semi-aquatic carnivorous mammal." Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 62 (December 2020): 126622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126622.

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30

Laurentino, Izabela Costa, Sousa Rafael Turíbio Moraes de, and Gilberto Corso. "New records and update on the geographic distribution of the Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." Check List 16, no. (1) (2020): 83–87. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.1.83.

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<em>Lontra longicaudis</em> (Olfers, 1818), Neotropical Otter, is a medium-sized, carnivorous, semi-aquatic mammal with a wide geographic distribution from Mexico to Uruguay. Although the number of studies on this species has been increasing, the vast majority of them focus on diet and habitat use. This paper updates the distribution of this species by providing new records from 19 municipalities (13 in the Atlantic Forest) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. These new records are important for the conservation of <em>L. longicaudis</em>.
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31

Matsui, Kumiko, and Yuri Kimura. "A “Mammalian-like” Pycnodont Fish: Independent Acquisition of Thecodont Implantation, True Vertical Replacement, and Carnassial Dentitions in Carnivorous Mammals and a Peculiar Group of Pycnodont Fish." Life 12, no. 2 (2022): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020250.

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Vertebrates developed tooth replacement over 400 million years ago. Then, 200 million years later, the combination of vertical tooth replacement with the thecodont implantation (teeth in bone sockets) appeared a key morphological innovation in mammalian evolution. However, we discovered that an extinct fish taxon, Serrasalmimus secans, showed the same innovation in the lineage Serrasalmimidae, which survived the end Cretaceous mass extinction event. The carnassial teeth are known in both mammals and pycnodont fish, but these teeth do not share the same tissues or developmental processes. There
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32

MORENO RODRÍGUEZ, ANA P., NICOLÁS R. CHIMENTO, FEDERICO L. AGNOLÍN, GUILLERMO JOFRÉ, and ADRIEL GENTIL. "A POSSIBLE SMILODON (MAMMALIA, FELIDAE) COPROLITE FROM THE PLEISTOCENE OF ARGENTINA." PALAIOS 37, no. 7 (2022): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2021.056.

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ABSTRACT Pleistocene large carnivores from the Pampean Region have been studied almost always based on bone remains. Here we report the first coprolite of a large carnivore from the Late Pleistocene of the Pampean Region, Argentina. The coprolite was found associated with megafauna bone remains and it shows the typical shape and size of a carnivorous mammal, with a length of 240 mm and a maximum diameter of 39.59 mm. The coprolite contains two bones of the autopodium of an artiodactyl, and numerous dermal ossicles of giant terrestrial sloths. The coprolite's composition, size, and shape allow
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Laurentino, Izabela, Rafael Sousa, Gilberto Corso, and Renata Sousa-Lima. "To eat or not to eat: ingestion and avoidance of fecal content from communal latrines of Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818)." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 14, no. 1 (2019): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5597/00248.

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Communal latrines have important biological and ecological roles for the latrine builder species and for other taxa that visit these sites and use feces to obtain nutrients and microorganisms that aid in digestion of compounds hard to process. Nonetheless, coprophagous animals must deal with the costs associated with parasites and other pathogenspresent in latrines. Parasites and pathogens are found in Neotropical otter latrines. This species is carnivorous and uses latrines for territorial marking. The objective of this study was to identify vertebrate species associated with otter latrines a
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Sanhueza, R., W. Moya, and J. R. Rau. "Nestedness in a Carnivorous Mammal Assemblage in Forest Fragments of the Araucanía Region, Southern Chile." zoodiversity 58, no. 6 (2024): 501–12. https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.06.501.

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Habitat fragmentation is one of the main factors threatening biodiversity, especially in regions where natural ecosystems are under anthropogenic pressure, such as the Araucanía region in southern Chile. This study explores the presence of nestedness patterns in the composition of carnivorous mammal species in six fragments along the southern part of the Coastal Range in the Araucanía region. Using scent stations and actively searched five species were recorder over a nine-month period: hog-nosed skunk, kodkod, cougar, gray fox, and culpeo fox. The analysis revealed that the nested pattern, wi
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Macleod, Norman, and Kenneth Rose. "Functional comparisons among modern and Paleogene mammals based on quantitative analyses of skeletal element outlines." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200007541.

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The inference of locomotor mode in Paleogene mammalian faunas has traditionally been based on qualitative comparisons between fossil postcranial skeletal elements and those of modern forms whose range of locomotor behavior is known. Recently, Van Valkenburgh (1987) has shown that detailed functional interpretations can also be obtained by using a series of geometric indices to quantitatively assess correspondences between Oligocene carnivores and a predominately carnivorous assemblage of modern mammalian species. We generalize and extend Van Valkenburgh's morphometric approach by focusing on t
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Head, Jason J., Gregg F. Gunnell, Patricia A. Holroyd, J. Howard Hutchison, and Russell L. Ciochon. "Giant lizards occupied herbivorous mammalian ecospace during the Paleogene greenhouse in Southeast Asia." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1763 (2013): 20130665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0665.

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Mammals dominate modern terrestrial herbivore ecosystems, whereas extant herbivorous reptiles are limited in diversity and body size. The evolution of reptile herbivory and its relationship to mammalian diversification is poorly understood with respect to climate and the roles of predation pressure and competition for food resources. Here, we describe a giant fossil acrodontan lizard recovered with a diverse mammal assemblage from the late middle Eocene Pondaung Formation of Myanmar, which provides a historical test of factors controlling body size in herbivorous squamates. We infer a predomin
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Jones, Washington, Andrés Rinderknecht, Rafael Migotto, and R. Ernesto Blanco. "Body mass estimations and paleobiological inferences on a new species of large Caracara (Aves, Falconidae) from the late Pleistocene of Uruguay." Journal of Paleontology 87, no. 1 (2013): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/12-026r.1.

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The caracaras belong to a group of falconids with widespread geographical distribution in the Western Hemisphere, particularly in South America. Here we report fossil remains of a new species attributed to the genusCaracarafrom the late Pleistocene of Uruguay. This bird would have had an estimated body mass of 3700 grams, a value that greatly exceeds the maximum body mass reported for living falconids. Apparently, it would have had flying capabilities, in contrast to another paleospecies recently described from the Holocene of Jamaica. This fossil bird was found in association with mammal mega
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Augee, ML. "Predators with Pouches. The Biology of Carnivorous Marsupials. M. Jones, C. Dickman AND M. Archer (Eds) A Review by M.L. Augee." Australian Mammalogy 25, no. 2 (2003): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am03217_br.

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THIS book arose from a symposium on ?Carnivorous Marsupials? held by the Australian Mammal Society in 1999. However it is not a symposium volume in the usual sense of being a compilation of papers presented at the symposium. Research papers on specific topics from the symposium have been hived off to the Australian Journal of Zoology 48(5) and to Wildlife Research 28(5). Predators with Pouches is comprised of review papers, some from the symposium but most apparently solicited. Like traditional symposium volumes, the papers included are of very different levels of coverage and quality of prese
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Moreno, Gabriela, Diego J. Lizcano, and Francisco Sánchez. "Activity patterns and habitat selection by terrestrial mammals in a mosaic landscape of silvopastoral system and forest fragments in the Andean piedmont in Colombia." Folia Oecologica 52, no. 2 (2025): 162–73. https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2025-0016.

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Abstract Traditional livestock ranching impacts biodiversity by fragmenting and isolating habitats first as habitat loss, then as habitat isolation, affecting local fauna that occupies native habitats that rely on forest. In degraded areas, silvopastoral systems (SPS) are an agroforestry practice that integrates trees and livestock and they could provide new habitats for this fauna, though their effects are not well understood for Neotropical mammalian assemblages. This study assessed habitat selection and activity patterns in the Andes piedmont of Colombia. Using camera traps, we evaluated re
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Puzachenko, Andrey Yu. "Parameters of range size diversity of European mammals in the Eem interglacial (MIS 5e) and GS 2.1 stadial (MIS 2)." Fossil Imprint 80, no. 2 (2024): 401–23. https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2024.029.

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Information on mammal remains from 665 sites/localities was used to estimate the range of size diversity of European species in the Eem interglacial (MIS 5e) and the GS 2.1 stadial (MIS 2). Review of faunal composition and comparison of the rank distributions of the occurrence of species remains across sites allowed determination of the composition of groups of typical and indicator species for each of the time intervals. Entropy, dominance index and self-organization index were calculated from the rank distributions of the occurrence of large, small and medium-sized herbivorous, carnivorous a
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Hawkins, Clare E., and Paul A. Racey. "Low population density of a tropical forest carnivore, Cryptoprocta ferox: implications for protected area management." Oryx 39, no. 1 (2005): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605305000074.

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The widespread geographical distributions of mammalian carnivores such as the Carnivora and the Dasyuridae have often been erroneously equated with abundance. Their low densities and high demands on habitat area can render mammalian carnivores especially vulnerable to habitat fragmentation and destruction. The fossa Cryptoprocta ferox (Viverridae) is a mammalian carnivore threatened by the rapid loss of Madagascar's forests, to which it is endemic. A 3-year mark-recapture study, comprising four censuses, generated an estimate of fossa population density at 0.18 adults km−2, or 0.26 individuals
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Liu, Margaret, Shawn P. Zack, Lynn Lucas, Darien Allen, and Rebecca E. Fisher. "Hind limb myology of the ringtail ( Bassariscus astutus ) and the myology of hind foot reversal." Journal of Mammalogy 97, no. 1 (2015): 211–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv171.

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Abstract The ringtail ( Bassariscus astutus ) is a widely distributed small carnivorous mammal (Procyonidae) in Mexico and the southwestern United States. As in other procyonids, the ringtail is capable of rotating its hind foot to allow headfirst descent of vertical substrates. The osteological correlates of this process, termed hind foot reversal, are well documented, but potential myological correlates have never been investigated. We present the 1st detailed study of the muscular anatomy of the hind limb of B. astutus , including the 1st muscle maps of the pelvis and pes of any procyonid.
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Vincze, Orsolya, Fernando Colchero, Jean-Francois Lemaître, et al. "Cancer risk across mammals." Nature 601, no. 7892 (2021): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04224-5.

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AbstractCancer is a ubiquitous disease of metazoans, predicted to disproportionately affect larger, long-lived organisms owing to their greater number of cell divisions, and thus increased probability of somatic mutations1,2. While elevated cancer risk with larger body size and/or longevity has been documented within species3–5, Peto’s paradox indicates the apparent lack of such an association among taxa6. Yet, unequivocal empirical evidence for Peto’s paradox is lacking, stemming from the difficulty of estimating cancer risk in non-model species. Here we build and analyse a database on cancer
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Monge-Nájera, Julián. "Evaluation of the hypothesis of the Monster of Troy vase as the earliest artistic record of a vertebrate fossil." Uniciencia 34, no. 1 (2020): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ru.34-1.9.

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The Monster of Troy, depicted in a 6th Century BC Corinthian vase, has been proposed to be the earliest artistic record of a vertebrate fossil, possibly a Miocene giraffe (Samotherium sp.). The purpose of the paper was to analyze the giraffe hypothesis using four approaches: a double-blind random design in which 78 biologists compared the vase skull with Samotherium and several reptiles; an informed survey of 30 art and science students who critically assessed the hypothesis based on images of candidate species; an objective computerized mathematical comparison of the images; and a detailed mo
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Monge-Nájera, J. "Evaluation of the hypothesis of the Monster of Troy vase as the earliest artistic record of a vertebrate fossil." Uniciencia 34, no. 1 (2020): 147–51. https://doi.org/10.15359/ru.34-1.9.

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The Monster of Troy, depicted in a 6th Century BC Corinthian vase, has been proposed to be the earliest artistic record of a vertebrate fossil, possibly a Miocene giraffe (Samotherium sp.). The purpose of the paper was to analyze the giraffe hypothesis using four approaches: a double-blind random design in which 78 biologists compared the vase skull with Samotherium and several reptiles; an informed survey of 30 art and science students who critically assessed the hypothesis based on images of candidate species; an objective computerized mathematical comparison of the images; and a detailed mo
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46

Nogales, M., J. L. Rodríguez‐Luengo, and P. Marrero. "Ecological effects and distribution of invasive non‐native mammals on the Canary Islands." Mammal Review 36, no. 1 (2006): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13441574.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) ABSTRACT 1. The ecological effects and distribution of 13 invasive non-native mammal species on the Canary Islands are reviewed. 2. Six species, representing six different taxonomic orders, are widely distributed and live on all seven main islands of the Canarian Archipelago: Felis catus, Capra hircus, Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus domesticus and Oryctolagus cuniculus. Atelerix algirus is found on four islands while six further species are present on only one island: Crocidura russula, Suncus etruscus, Rousettus egyptiacus, Ovis gmelin
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Nogales, M., J. L. Rodríguez‐Luengo, and P. Marrero. "Ecological effects and distribution of invasive non‐native mammals on the Canary Islands." Mammal Review 36, no. 1 (2006): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13441574.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) ABSTRACT 1. The ecological effects and distribution of 13 invasive non-native mammal species on the Canary Islands are reviewed. 2. Six species, representing six different taxonomic orders, are widely distributed and live on all seven main islands of the Canarian Archipelago: Felis catus, Capra hircus, Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus domesticus and Oryctolagus cuniculus. Atelerix algirus is found on four islands while six further species are present on only one island: Crocidura russula, Suncus etruscus, Rousettus egyptiacus, Ovis gmelin
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48

Nogales, M., J. L. Rodríguez‐Luengo, and P. Marrero. "Ecological effects and distribution of invasive non‐native mammals on the Canary Islands." Mammal Review 36, no. 1 (2006): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13441574.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) ABSTRACT 1. The ecological effects and distribution of 13 invasive non-native mammal species on the Canary Islands are reviewed. 2. Six species, representing six different taxonomic orders, are widely distributed and live on all seven main islands of the Canarian Archipelago: Felis catus, Capra hircus, Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus domesticus and Oryctolagus cuniculus. Atelerix algirus is found on four islands while six further species are present on only one island: Crocidura russula, Suncus etruscus, Rousettus egyptiacus, Ovis gmelin
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49

Nogales, M., J. L. Rodríguez‐Luengo, and P. Marrero. "Ecological effects and distribution of invasive non‐native mammals on the Canary Islands." Mammal Review 36, no. 1 (2006): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13441574.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) ABSTRACT 1. The ecological effects and distribution of 13 invasive non-native mammal species on the Canary Islands are reviewed. 2. Six species, representing six different taxonomic orders, are widely distributed and live on all seven main islands of the Canarian Archipelago: Felis catus, Capra hircus, Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus domesticus and Oryctolagus cuniculus. Atelerix algirus is found on four islands while six further species are present on only one island: Crocidura russula, Suncus etruscus, Rousettus egyptiacus, Ovis gmelin
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50

Nogales, M., J. L. Rodríguez‐Luengo, and P. Marrero. "Ecological effects and distribution of invasive non‐native mammals on the Canary Islands." Mammal Review 36, no. 1 (2006): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13441574.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) ABSTRACT 1. The ecological effects and distribution of 13 invasive non-native mammal species on the Canary Islands are reviewed. 2. Six species, representing six different taxonomic orders, are widely distributed and live on all seven main islands of the Canarian Archipelago: Felis catus, Capra hircus, Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus domesticus and Oryctolagus cuniculus. Atelerix algirus is found on four islands while six further species are present on only one island: Crocidura russula, Suncus etruscus, Rousettus egyptiacus, Ovis gmelin
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