Academic literature on the topic 'Mammalian endocrine system'

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Journal articles on the topic "Mammalian endocrine system"

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Kalsbeek, Andries, Chun-Xia Yi, Cathy Cailotto, Susanne E. la Fleur, Eric Fliers, and Ruud M. Buijs. "Mammalian clock output mechanisms." Essays in Biochemistry 49 (June 30, 2011): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bse0490137.

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In mammals many behaviours (e.g. sleep–wake, feeding) as well as physiological (e.g. body temperature, blood pressure) and endocrine (e.g. plasma corticosterone concentration) events display a 24 h rhythmicity. These 24 h rhythms are induced by a timing system that is composed of central and peripheral clocks. The highly co-ordinated output of the hypothalamic biological clock not only controls the daily rhythm in sleep–wake (or feeding–fasting) behaviour, but also exerts a direct control over many aspects of hormone release and energy metabolism. First, we present the anatomical connections u
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Forner-Piquer, Isabel, Christian Giommi, Fiorenza Sella, et al. "Endocannabinoid System and Metabolism: The Influences of Sex." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 22 (2024): 11909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252211909.

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The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a lipid signaling system involved in numerous physiological processes, such as endocrine homeostasis, appetite control, energy balance, and metabolism. The ECS comprises endocannabinoids, their cognate receptors, and the enzymatic machinery that tightly regulates their levels within tissues. This system has been identified in various organs, including the brain and liver, in multiple mammalian and non-mammalian species. However, information regarding the sex-specific regulation of the ECS remains limited, even though increasing evidence suggests that interac
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P, Nivedha. "The Impact of Environmental Endocrine Disruptors on Mammalian Endocrine Systems and Hormonal Changes." Technoarete Transactions on Recent Research in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 1, no. 1 (2022): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ttrramb/01.01.a004.

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This study discusses the impact of the EDCS or environmental endocrine disruptors in the mammalian endocrine system and also in the hormonal changes. As the EDCs have a role to mimic the pathway and the activity of hormones then the detection method is the first and foremost important concern in this scenario. This study also reflects some detection assays of environmental endocrine disruptors by which their impact can be effectively understood. As EDCs alter the hormonal function then it can be said that beta lactamase activity is the main theme for detecting endocrine disruptors. Endocrine d
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Thomas, John A. "Drugs and Chemicals that Affect the Endocrine System." International Journal of Toxicology 17, no. 2 (1998): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158198226666.

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The mammalian endocrine system is very dynamic, and undergoes frequent physiological fluctions due to diurnal variations and cyclical hormonal feedback systems. Both hormonal modulations and chemicall drug perturbations can affect the reproductive systems in males and females. An endocrine disrup-tor, a contemporary term that has been used to define an agent that disrupts the endocrine system, is a hormone or antihormone mimic that can modulate endocrine signaling pathways. Unfortunately, this terminology is confusing and ambiguous and fails to account for the ever-changing endogenous hormonal
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Seras-Franzoso, Joaquin, Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi, Elena Garcia-Fruitós, Esther Vázquez, and Antonio Villaverde. "Cellular uptake and intracellular fate of protein releasing bacterial amyloids in mammalian cells." Soft Matter 12, no. 14 (2016): 3451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm02930a.

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Ishibashi, Kenichi, and Masashi Imai. "Prospect of a stanniocalcin endocrine/paracrine system in mammals." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 282, no. 3 (2002): F367—F375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00364.2000.

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Stanniocalcin (STC) is a calcium- and phosphate-regulating hormone produced in bony fish by the corpuscles of Stannius, which are located close to the kidney. It is a major antihypercalcemic hormone in fish. As the corpuscles of Stannius are absent, and antihypercalcemic hormones are basically not necessary, in mammals, the discovery of a mammalian homolog, STC1, was surprising and intriguing. STC1 displays a relatively high amino acid sequence identity (∼50%) with fish STC. In contrast to fish STC, STC1 is expressed in many tissues, including kidney. More recently, a human gene encoding the s
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Bartke, Andrzej. "Minireview: Role of the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Mammalian Aging." Endocrinology 146, no. 9 (2005): 3718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-0411.

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Abstract The important role of IGF and insulin-related signaling pathways in the control of longevity of worms and insects is very well documented. In the mouse, several spontaneous or experimentally induced mutations that interfere with GH biosynthesis, GH actions, or sensitivity to IGF-I lead to extended longevity. Increases in the average life span in these mutants range from approximately 20–70% depending on the nature of the endocrine defect, gender, diet, and/or genetic background. Extended longevity of hypopituitary and GH-resistant mice appears to be due to multiple mechanisms includin
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Bjenning, C., N. Hazon, A. Balasubramaniam, S. Holmgren, and J. M. Conlon. "Distribution and activity of dogfish NPY and peptide YY in the cardiovascular system of the common dogfish." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 264, no. 6 (1993): R1119—R1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1993.264.6.r1119.

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Neuropeptide Y is present in sympathetic nerves in the mammalian cardiovascular system. This study has investigated the distribution of neuropeptide Y in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems and the effect of dogfish neuropeptide Y and related peptides on cardiovascular tissue of an elasmobranch fish, the common dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula). Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity is present in varicose nerve fibers innervating dogfish gut and cardiovascular tissue and in endocrine cells of the dogfish spiral intestine. Dogfish neuropeptide Y, dogfish peptide YY, and porcine neurope
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Dejucq, Nathalie, and Bernard Jégou. "Viruses in the Mammalian Male Genital Tract and Their Effects on the Reproductive System." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 65, no. 2 (2001): 208–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.65.2.208-231.2001.

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SUMMARY This review describes the various viruses identified in the semen and reproductive tracts of mammals (including humans), their distribution in tissues and fluids, their possible cell targets, and the functional consequences of their infectivity on the reproductive and endocrine systems. The consequences of these viral infections on the reproductive tract and semen can be extremely serious in terms of organ integrity, development of pathological and cancerous processes, and transmission of diseases. Furthermore, of essential importance is the fact that viral infection of the testicular
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Pan, Qian-Sheng, and Zhi-Ping Fang. "An Immunocytochemical Study of Endocrine Cells in the Gut of a Stomachless Teleost Fish, Grass Carp, Cyprinidae." Cell Transplantation 2, no. 5 (1993): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979300200510.

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Nineteen different antisera raised against mammalian hormones were used to identify the occurrence and distribution of endocrine cells in the gut of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Positive reactions were obtained in gut epithelium with antisera gastrin, glucagon, gastric inhibitory peptide, leucine enkephalin, substance P, and bovine pancreatic polypeptide. No immunoreactive product was formed using antisera against somatostatin, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, insulin, avian pancreatic polypeptide, motilin, cholecystokinin, secretin, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, bombesin, neu
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mammalian endocrine system"

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Vasseur, Maryse. "Sensibilité de la cellule Bêta du pancréas de souris aux antagonistes calciques : étude électrophysiologique des effets du vérapamil, de la nifédipine et du bépridil." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2301.

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Books on the topic "Mammalian endocrine system"

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Patisaul, Heather B., and Scott M. Belcher. Receptor and Enzyme Mechanisms as Targets for Endocrine Disruptors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199935734.003.0005.

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In this chapter, the current understanding of the mechanisms of endocrine disruption on the brain and nervous system are presented. Because the overwhelming majority of mechanistic studies on EDCs have focused on the actions mediated by nuclear hormone receptors, this mechanisms is described in detail. The chapter also discusses the classic transcriptional mechanisms of steroid action and the impact of EDCs on rapid signaling (non-genomic) mechanisms. It presents an overview of the enzymes and pathways involved in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, which are critical to proper functioning o
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Book chapters on the topic "Mammalian endocrine system"

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Karasek, Michal, and Russel J. Reiter. "Functional Morphology of the Mammalian Pineal Gland." In Endocrine System. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60996-1_21.

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Göbel, J., H. Back, K. Forssmann, C. Daffner, W. E. Stumpf, and W. G. Forssmann. "Evidence for the existence of cardiac hormones in the conductive system of the mammalian heart." In Functional Morphology of the Endocrine Heart. Steinkopff, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72432-9_3.

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"8Chapter Development of the Mammalian Gonads and Reproductive Ducts during the So-Called “Indifferent” Stage as Well as during the Fetal and Neonatal Period." In Histologic Basis of Mouse Endocrine System Development. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420088199-12.

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"Development of the Mammalian Gonads and Reproductive Ducts during the So- Called “ Indifferent” Stage as Well as during the Fetal and Neonatal Period." In Histologic Basis of Mouse Endocrine System Development. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420088199.ch8.

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Coll, Anthony P. "The Physiology of Bodyweight Regulation." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, edited by John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt, and Robert K. Semple. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0222.

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Mammalian body weight is highly regulated. An understanding of the processes governing body weight is closely relevant to clinical practice as disorders of energy homeostasis are common, cause significant morbidity and mortality and can be challenging to treat. Detailed clinical observation of extreme phenotypes, both human and model organism, coupled with significant advances in molecular biology have led to the identification of a host of endocrine pathways that control appetitive behaviour, body composition, and energy expenditure. Compelling data show the central nervous system, in particu
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Kitani-Morii, Fukiko, Robert P. Friedland, Hideki Yoshida, and Toshiki Mizuno. "Drosophila as a Model for Microbiota Studies of Neurodegeneration." In Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aiad220009.

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Accumulating evidence show that the gut microbiota is deeply involved not only in host nutrient metabolism but also in immune function, endocrine regulation, and chronic disease. In neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the gut-brain axis, the bidirectional interaction between the brain and the gut, provides new route of pathological spread and potential therapeutic targets. Although studies of gut microbiota have been conducted mainly in mice, mammalian gut microbiota is highly diverse, complex, and sensitiv
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Funder, John W. "Importance of steroidogenesis in specific hormone action." In Steroid Hormone Action. Oxford University PressOxford, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199633937.003.0002.

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Abstract Six classes of hormonal steroids are currently recognized in mammalian systems – mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, oestrogens, progestins, and vitamin D. This classification was made historically on effector grounds – growth of a cock’s comb for androgens, hepatic glycogen deposition for glucocorticoids– long before anything was known of receptors or the subcellular mechanism of steroid action. In invertebrates, ecdysones are clearly an additional class of physiological steroid hormone, and in a variety of species both endocrine and paracrine (neurosteroid) roles are cur
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Afshan, Anjum, Md Niamat Ali, and Farooz Ahmed Bhat. "Environmental Phthalate Exposure in Relation to Reproduction Outcomes and Health Endpoints." In Handbook of Research on Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Plastic Pollution. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9452-9.ch017.

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Environmental pollutants, like xenobiotic substances released as byproducts of anthropogenic actions, naturally lead to pollution of the environment. They negatively affect the environment through unfavorable impacts on growth, development, and reproduction of organisms including humans. One of the outstanding examples of xenobiotics is endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as phthalate esters (PEs), which have the efficacy to disturb numerous biological systems including the invertebrate, reptilian, avian, aquatic, and also the mammalian systems. Phthalates are family of xenobiotic hazar
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Afshan, Anjum, Md Niamat Ali, and Farooz Ahmed Bhat. "Environmental Phthalate Exposure in Relation to Reproduction Outcomes and Health Endpoints." In Research Anthology on Advancements in Women's Health and Reproductive Rights. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6299-7.ch031.

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Environmental pollutants, like xenobiotic substances released as byproducts of anthropogenic actions, naturally lead to pollution of the environment. They negatively affect the environment through unfavorable impacts on growth, development, and reproduction of organisms including humans. One of the outstanding examples of xenobiotics is endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as phthalate esters (PEs), which have the efficacy to disturb numerous biological systems including the invertebrate, reptilian, avian, aquatic, and also the mammalian systems. Phthalates are family of xenobiotic hazar
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"Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Within the NTP Carcinogenesis Testing Program, a cancer bioassay is a two-sex, two-species, lifetime study of experimental animals, usually rats and mice; beginning at weaning, ending 104 weeks after initiation, and using multiple dose levels of the chemical being tested. This bioassay used to determine if a chemical causes cancer, and if it produces damaging effects on certain organ systems: liver, lung, kidney, endocrine systems, etc. The study of a single compound expensive, costing about five hundred thousand dollars, and takes up to five years to complete. The National Toxicology Program publishes a technical report upon completion of a bioassay and review of the results by an indepen-dent Board of Scientific Counselors. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Program The National Toxicology Program has a program to assess the effects of chemicals on reproductive function and development. Structural teratology testing (the testing of chemicals to determine if they produce malformations) was begun in FY79. Eight to ten chemicals are tested for teratogenic effects annually. Fetuses are examined at two different levels: gross, readily apparent malformations are noted; and 2) histopathological examinations are conducted to pinpoint less readily apparent, microscopic malformations. Selected priority chemicals are also screened to determine potential reproductive hazard through germ-cell mutations. C. Genetic Toxicology Program The Genetic Toxicology Program tests chemicals for mutagenici-ty, validates existing test systems and develops new short-term test methods. The mutagenicity testing program divided into three phases. Phase I involves Salmonella mutagenicity assays and mammalian cell cultures. Phase II includes Drosophila systems. Phase III utilizes in vivo mammalian assays. All chemicals selected for general toxicology and lifetime bioassays are tested first using the Salmonella mutagenesis." In Dangerous Properties of Industrial and Consumer Chemicals. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482293500-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mammalian endocrine system"

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Mohammad HUSSEIN, Diyar, Khalid Hadi KADHIM, and Shaima Khazaal WAAD. "REVIEW OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES AND ROLES OF THE BIRD’S DIGESTIVE SYSTEM." In VII. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESSOF PURE,APPLIEDANDTECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress7-11.

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The goal this reviews was to determined the influence of the diet on digestive system in the birds and roles of digestive tract. Birds have a very complex digestive system, which is thought to have a significant impact on how well they utilize the nutrition that they consume. It is expected that the stomach, intestines, cecum, proventriculus, and gizzard of herbivorous birds will be larger than those of carnivorous birds, whereas herbivorous birds tend to have longer, more complex digestive tracts. This may be due to herbivorous require high time and energy to the breakdown of cellulose. Their
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