Dissertations / Theses: 'Management of Medical Waste'

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Garapati, Pavani Tushara. "Greencare - A Medical Waste Management Facility." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785091.

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GreenCare is a medical waste management facility, located in Los Angeles, California and aims at effectively treating and managing all kinds of medical wastes. GreenCare’s business plan elaborates on how it is designed to safely and effectively handle the management of medical waste, by minimizing harmful byproducts, and emissions in the process. The aim of GreenCare is to offer disposal techniques including no-burn technologies that do not emit dioxin, mercury and other fatal pollutants, which differentiates GreenCare from other competitors in the market. The unique value proposition of GreenCare is to provide advanced ecological sensitive medical waste processing, and we aim to do this in a cost-competitive manner. It aims to lessen the ecological burden of medical waste in our communities, that is bound to create a positive impact on community health, in the long run. This business proposal gives the reader a thorough insight into the legal, regulatory issues and financial assumptions based upon which this proposal was designed.

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Leung, Kin-keung Kenneth. "Management and disposal of clinical waste /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18733992.

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Alhadlaq, Abdullah Abdulaziz. "Investigation and development of a framework for medical waste management." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11813.

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The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the golf states and one of the richest oil producing countries. Saudi population is nearly 27million; in addition, Saudi Arabia receives millions of people from around the world for Islamic pilgrimages. Moreover, Saudi is hosting hundreds of thousands of international professionals and labourers. Hence, the country infrastructure and services have been in the top agenda to be modernized in order to cope with new demand for better quality of life for a rich country. The healthcare sector is one of the key sectors which requires a special on going attention, particularly medically generated waste. Therefore, this research work has been conducted to investigate the status of medical waste management in the capital city; Riyadh. The prime aim of this research work is to propose a strategic framework which can be used as a roadmap for the different stakeholders. This will contribute to the enforcement of better handling and treatment of medical waste and more importantly prevent and control the spread of diseases or harm might be caused by poor handling of medical waste. The aim of the research has been achieved through; the critical review and analysis of the relevant literature, which has revealed the noticeable gap and lack of scientific studies of the proposed field. Appropriately, the findings of the research has contributed to filling the gap of the knowledge as well as serving as a milestone for further research work in this very important field. By surveying Riyadh’s hospitals and other national and international reports has. This allowed the presentation of the facts and indications of the current status of medical waste in Riyadh City. To obtain in-depth knowledge and gather the important findings concerning the medical waste management, focused; interviews of different medical professionals from various hospitals were conducted. This research has revealed more important factors that need to be addressed. These findings were used to propose the framework, which has been formed to enable resolving the challenges of the integration, of the awareness element though Islamic principles, within the Saudi system. The proposed framework has been evaluated by committee of medical professionals and has been accepted as good roadmap and appropriate solution that address the main aim of this research work. Finally, the research work is just a step towards the establishment of a proper biomedical waste management system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Some recommendations for future implementation are suggested at the end of this thesis.

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Leung, Kin-keung Kenneth, and 梁健強. "Management and disposal of clinical waste." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253775.

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Tam, Yiu-man. "Clinical waste management and its future development in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1745704X.

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Tam, Yiu-man, and 譚耀敏. "Clinical waste management and its future development in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253544.

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Clark, Andrea L. "Waste Management Minimization Strategies in Hospitals." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5064.

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During the delivery of healthcare services, hospital employees use enormous amounts of water, energy, and nonbiodegradable carcinogenic plastics. In the U.S., hospital staff generate an average of over 7,000 tons of waste per day at an average cost of $0.28 per pound for the disposal of regulated medical trash, which if efficiently managed or reduced, could result in substantial cost savings. Using the organizational learning and the transaction cost economics theories as the conceptual frameworks, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore strategies healthcare leaders used to minimize their waste management operational costs. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with 4 managers at a healthcare system in the Midwestern United States and reviewing financial documents as well as the participants' hospital website. Based on the thematic analysis, 4 primary themes emerged: (a) engaged leadership, (b) incorporate sustainability into the mission, vision, and values of the organization, (c) create an organizational culture of sustainability, and (d) innovation. Because society's health is largely dependent on the environment around them, these findings could assist hospital leaders in the implementation of cost-effective waste management strategies and contribute to positive social change.

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Abor, Patience Aseweh. "Medical waste management at Tygerberg hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/782.

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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007
This study examined the medical waste management practices of Tygerberg Hospital. The researcher made use of both primary and secondaiy data. Since this was a is study, the analysis is essentially descriptive.The results of this study revealed that both general and medical wastes are generated in the hospital. Tygerberg Hospital does not quantify medical waste. Segregation of medical wastes into infectious medical waste and non-infectious medical waste is not conducted according to definite rules and standards. The hospital does not label infectious waste with Biohazard symbol. Separation of medical waste and municipal waste is however practiced to a satisfactory extent. Wheeled trolleys are used for on-site transportation of waste from the points of production (different wards) to the temporary storage area. Staff responsible for collecting medical waste use almost complete personal protective equipment. The results of this study indicated that off-site transportation of the hospital waste is undertaken by a private waste management company. Waste is transported daily and small pickups are mainly used by the waste management company for transporting the waste to an off-site area for treatment and disposal. The final disposal of the medical waste is done by the private waste management company. The main treatment method used in the final disposal of infectious waste is incineration. Non-infectious waste is disposed of using land disposal method. The hospital does not recycle medical waste materials except white office paper and mixed office paper and the use of empty containers of antiseptics for the collection and temporary storage of sharps.The hospital does not provide training for staff members on the health and environmental effects of infectious waste. The waste management company's workers have also not received any formal training with regards to medical waste management. The study showed that Tygerberg Hospital does not have a policy and plan in place for managing medical waste. There is no definite policy or plan for purchasing the necessary equipment and for providing the facilities for the correct management of medical waste in the hospital. There are also no policies and guidelines regarding the recycling of medical waste products. There are a number of problems the hospital faces in terms of medical waste management, including; lack of necessary rules, regulations and instructions on the different aspects of collection and disposal of waste, intermingling of hazardous wastes with domestic waste in the hospital sometimes, failure to quantify the waste generated in reliable records, lack of use of coloured bags by limiting the bags to only one colour for all waste, the absence of a dedicated waste manager, the supervisor in charge of general services has waste management as part of his job schedule, and there is no committee responsible for monitoring the management of medical waste. From the results of this study, it is obvious that medical waste management is not practiced according to the World Health Organisation's (WHO's) recommended standards. There are some areas where medical wastes are not properly managed. It is imperative for significant investment in the proper management of medical waste in order to reduce the health risk it poses.

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Plernpis, Kanchanabul Jiraporn Chompikul. "Infectious waste management of health centers in Muang district, Kanchanaburi province /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd415/5038003.pdf.

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Maseko, Qondile. "Critical evaluation of medical waste management policies, processes and practices in selected rural hospitals in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013107.

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This thesis critically evaluates the policies, processes and practices of medical waste management in selected rural hospitals in the Eastern Cape. Medical Waste Management is a growing public health and environmental issue worldwide. Research shows large scale incapacity in dealing with medical waste in an efficient and sustainable fashion globally, which demonstrates that it is not merely a developing world problem alone. This study is conducted against the backdrop of an increasing medical waste crisis in South Africa. Although there are an abundance of studies on solid waste management, there is a lack of data and research particularly on medical waste management in rural hospitals. The crisis of medical waste management in South Africa is closely intertwined with the collapsing health care system and an overburdened natural environment. It is an undisputable fact that South Africa’s generation of medical waste far exceeds its capacity to handle it effectively. This thesis argues that the neglect of medical waste as an environmental-health issue and the absence of an integrated national medical waste management plan aggravate the medical waste problem in the country. In explaining the medical waste crisis, this thesis adopts a Marxist perspective which is based on the premise that industrial capitalist societies place economic growth and production at high priority at the expense of the natural environment; creating a society that is engulfed by high health risk due to the generation of hazardous and toxic waste. Industrial societies view themselves as superior and separate from the natural environment, whereas one cannot separate nature from society as they are interlinked. As society attempts to adopt a sustainable environmental approach towards environmental management, science and technology are enforced as a solution to environmental problems in order to continue developing countries’ economies whilst sustainably managing and protecting the environment, which is contradictory. This thesis emphasises that medical waste management is a socio-political problem as much as it is an environmental problem, hence the need to focus on power relations and issues of environmental and social justice. The results of the study identified gaps in policy framework nationally and institutionally on medical waste management. In addition, there were poor waste management practices due to poor training, inadequate infrastructure and resources as well as poor budget support.

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Ramabitsa-Siimane, Ts'aletseng. "The identification of environmentally sound technologies for healthcare waste management in Lesotho." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05112006-114349.

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Nabiyouni, Nasim. "A Lean Six-Sigma Approach to Red Bag Waste Management in Hospitals." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo14810384664442.

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Berto, Daniel Neves. "Elementos da cadeia de suprimentos de materiais médicohospitalares sob o enfoque da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/86091.

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A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) entrou em vigor no Brasil em agosto de 2010. Devido à sua recente implantação, muitas organizações ainda estão se adaptando às novas visões que esta lei propõe sobre a gestão dos resíduos no país. A cadeia de suprimentos de materiais médico-hospitalares também faz parte dessa gama de organizações em adaptação, onde novos desafios a respeito da gestão dos resíduos têm surgido. Devido ao tipo de resíduo gerado nas atividades de saúde, o assunto ganha importância e merece atenção especial por parte dos agentes dessa cadeia de suprimentos. Boa parte dos resíduos gerados em atividades de saúde é considerada resíduo perigoso, por esse motivo, os objetivos da PNRS, como a redução do volume e da periculosidade desses resíduos, podem exercer pressões sobre os agentes envolvidos na fabricação, consumo e descarte dos mesmos. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar como ocorre a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos de materiais médico-hospitalares no estado do Rio Grande do Sul sob o enfoque da PNRS. Para isso, foram abordados agentes de três níveis dessa cadeia: 1- fornecedores de materiais médico-hospitalares, 2- hospitais e 3- empresas de tratamento de resíduos de saúde. Com a finalidade de enriquecer a visão dessa cadeia, abordaram-se também alguns órgãos governamentais relacionados às questões de resíduos. Buscou-se identificar na cadeia, a existência ou não de colaboração entre os agentes, dificuldades e oportunidades na gestão de resíduos e produtos e processos relacionados às questões de resíduos. O método utilizado foi o estudo de caso e a coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas com gestores de diferentes agentes da cadeia de suprimentos de materiais médico-hospitalares no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram abordadas 11 instituições pertencentes à cadeia mencionada, das quais foram entrevistados 17 profissionais. Foi possível identificar a ausência de colaboração com os fornecedores da cadeia, e a colaboração incipiente entre os demais membros. Também foi possível identificar dificuldades como o aumento da descartabilidade dos produtos, a má segregação e a falta de tratamento adequado aos produtos químicos. As oportunidades foram apresentadas como possibilidade de intervenção do governo sobre as questões na forma de estímulo ao desenvolvimento de produtos menos agressivos e aumento das pressões legais sobre os agentes. Entre os produtos e processos destacaram-se os produtos que contenham matérias-primas menos agressivas na destinação final, a logística reversa e a substituição do consumo de produtos por serviços.
The Brazilian National Policy on Solid Waste (NPSW) entered into force in August 2010. Due to its recent implementation, many organizations are still adjusting to new visions that this law proposes in terms of waste management in the country. The supply chain of medical and hospital supplies is also part of this group of organizations that are currently in adaptation, and where new challenges regarding waste management have emerged. Due to the type of waste generated in health activities, this issue becomes important and deserves special attention from the agents of this supply chain. Much of the waste generated in health activities is considered a hazardous waste, and for that reason, the objectives of NPSW, such as reducing the volume and hazard of the waste, can put pressure on those involved in the production, consumption and disposal of this kind of waste. This study therefore aimed to identify the management of the medical and hospital supply chain in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, under the approach of NPSW. To achieve the objectives, different agents were approached, representing the three levels of the chain: 1 - suppliers of medical and hospital material, 2 - hospitals and 3 - companies specialized in the treatment of health waste. In order to enrich the results, governmental bodies were also addressed on their views towards health waste issues. Overall, the aim was to identify the existence or absence of collaboration between agents, the difficulties and opportunities in waste management and finally, the products and processes related to waste issues within this supply chain. The case study method was used and data was collected through interviews with managers of different agents in the supply chain of medical and hospital supplies in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In total, 17 professionals from 11 health-related institutions were interviewed. As main results, it was possible to identify the absence of cooperation with the suppliers of the chain, and incipient collaboration between the remaining members. It was also possible to identify difficulties, as the increasing disposability of products, poor segregation and lack of adequate treatment for chemical products. The opportunities were presented as a possibility for governmental intervention - that could act as stimulus for the development of less aggressive products and increase the legal pressure on chain agents to comply with the legislation. Among the products and processes investigated, interviewees highlighted products containing raw materials that are less aggressive in their final disposal, reverse logistics and replacement of consumer products for services.

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Shehab, Salman Ali Salman. "Enhancing environmental sustainability of healthcare facilities : a system dynamics analysis approach." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15593.

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Due to the limited studies related to healthcare services future expanding demand, required resources and utilities, and related environmental and economic challenges; this research is carried out to complement other researchers in other economic sectors to identify the gaps, highlight good potentials of sustainability achievements and recommend necessary actions. This research investigates the future expanding demand of healthcare services; the environmental and economic challenges related to this expand and its environmental and economic impacts and the opportunities to overcome these impacts in order to improve healthcare services sustainability and performance. The research follows a SLR to discover earlier works related to environmental sustainability in buildings and healthcare facilities. The environmental challenges related to expanding in healthcare facilities found in the literature are increase in energy consumption and waste generation. The environmental impacts related to these challenges are excessive CO2 and GHG emissions. The economic impacts are escalations of project expenditures, operating expenditures and utilities expenditures. The research uses SD Analysis, as a methodological approach, to framework and understands different healthcare system elements and to develop models that are representing the dynamic relations between these elements. Bahrain healthcare system is selected as a research context due to the availability of good quality healthcare secondary data, the small size of the country that makes it a good model to implement and test new concepts, the limited country resources, and the country keenness to implement sustainability plans to meet sustainability objectives. This research numerically tests and subsequently, supports the implication of stated environmental and economic challenges. It also develops a number of important technical parameters and indicators such as energy and water benchmarks for different healthcare facilities. The research also determines another two sources of environmental challenges related to expanding in healthcare facilities. The first challenge is excessive water consumption. Availability of enough treated water for healthcare applications, especially in countries with limited fresh water resources and depending on 90% of its water need on desalination like Bahrain, a tangible environmental challenge needs to be addressed. The second one is a group of environmental challenges related to the practicing of healthcare services that can expose personnel and environment to high risks. These challenges need to be efficiently managed to improve the environmental sustainability and the social sustainability of healthcare facilities. The research also investigates the effectiveness of a number of mitigation measures used to overcome the environmental and economic negative impacts, such as using energy efficiency technologies, renewable-based energy resources and waste energy recovery. In this regard, the research numerically tests and subsequently supports the implication of stated environmental and economic impacts and the effectiveness of tested measures in mitigating the undesirable results on healthcare facilities. The developed SD Model, as one of the main contributions of this research, is considered as a strategic planning and decision-making administrative tools to forecast future healthcare facilities demand and required resources. It is also considered as a risk assessment tool to assess environmental challenges related to utilities and its environmental and economic impacts in order to improve healthcare facilities sustainability and performance. The potential of utilities saving and utilities expenditures saving in healthcare buildings are high and it is recommended to work toward energy efficiency and renewable energy deployment to achieve sustainable healthcare buildings. Recovery of energy from Medical Waste incineration to be kept under consideration as it is offsetting double the quantity of CO2e emissions resulting from the incineration process. Safe recycling of wastewater of some healthcare processes is highly recommended as it can reduce water consumption and contributes to the reduction of healthcare facilities CO2e emissions. Sources of gray water and gray water applications must be carefully selected to avoid any contradiction with Infection Control regulations or other healthcare regulations. It is recommended to conduct utilities assessment studies on wide sample of healthcare facilities to avoid low peaks and odd operation periods.

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Ramíres, Marilyn Del Carmen Thompson. "Plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: proposta de modelo para um hospital do município do Panamá, República do Panamá." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-14052012-110504/.

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Desde há alguns anos vêm se tornado a cada vez mais evidentes, as consequências do crescimento da população mundial, da industrialização, e do consumismo que caracteriza nossa sociedade capitalista. Isto é, o aumento da produção de bens materiais, explorando as fontes de materia prima, e a geração descontrolada de resíduos, o que impacta negativamente o meio ambiente e representa riscos para a saúde humana. No contexto dessa problemática de saúde pública, destaca-se a produção de resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS). Atualmente, é sabido que os resíduos gerados em estabelecimentos de saúde devem ter um gerenciamento especial e diferenciado, pois mesmo que existam resíduos que não apresentam periculosidade, também há determinadas categorias de resíduos potencialmente perigosos. A exposição humana a esses resíduos, perigosos pela sua composição química ou infectante, pode resultar em lesão ou doença. Diferente da realidade dos países desenvolvidos, no Panamá, o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos ainda se apresenta como um tema negligenciado e que, portanto, não está de acordo com as recomendações internacionais nem cumpre com a legislação vigente do país. Esta investigação visou conhecer a estrutura do gerenciamento dos RSS gerados no Hospital del Niño do Panamá, República do Panamá, com o objetivo de elaborar uma proposta de Plano de Gerenciamento de RSS para este hospital. Partindo do fato de que o Hospital del Niño (HN) é um hospital pediátrico de grande porte, localizado no Município do Panamá, área onde se concentram os principais recursos técnicos e financeiros do país; a futura aplicação do PGRSS tem potencial de repercutir nos demais municípios e cidades do país. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, baseando-se na observação de campo e entrevistas aos sujeitos selecionados no HN. Os sujeitos selecionados constituiram-se de 2 informantes-chave, responsáveis pelo gerenciamento dos RSS no HN, nos aspectos operacional e administrativo. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio do material obtido com a aplicação do instrumento I-RAT do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD, 2009), incluindo registro fotográfico, anotações feitas em campo e entrevistas realizadas. Os resultados revelaram uma estrutura de gerenciamento de RSS que precisa e pode ser melhorada, e que o local de estudo não cumpre integralmente com as recomendações e exigências legais do país. Também permitiram adotar um modelo de PGRSS, utilizado no estado de São Paulo (COSTA, 2001) e adaptá-lo à realidade panamenha. A proposta do PGRSS resultante deste trabalho é uma ferramenta para o gerenciamento dos resíduos gerados pelo HN e demais estabelecimentos de saúde no Panamá. Este instrumento pode ser útil no sentido de colaborar para a segurança do trabalho, a saúde pública e a proteção do meio ambiente, contribuindo, assim, para uma melhor qualidade de vida
In recent years, it has become increasingly evident the consequences of world population growth, industrialization, and the excessive consumption that characterize our capitalist society. This is the increased production of material assets by exploring the sources of raw material, and uncontrolled waste generation, which impacts negatively the environment and represents risks to human health. In the context of this public health issue, we highlight the waste from health care services. Currently, it is known that the waste generated in healthcare facilities must have a special and differentiated management, this because, even though there are wastes which do not present hazardous characteristics, there are also certain categories of potentially hazardous waste. Human exposure to these hazardous wastes, because of their chemical or infective composition, may result in injury or illness. Different from the reality of developed countries, in Panama, the solid waste management still is presented as a neglected issue and therefore not in accordance with international recommendations nor complies with the current country legislation. This research aimed to getting to know the structure of medical waste management generated at the Hospital del Niño de Panama, Republic of Panama, with the main goal of developing a Medical Waste Management Plan proposal for this hospital. Based on the fact that the Hospital del Niño (HN) is a large scale pediatric hospital, located in the Panama Municipality area, where the main technical and financial resources of the country are concentrated; the future application of a Healthcare Waste Management Plan, may have the potential to positively influence the other municipalities and cities in the country. It is a descriptive research based on field observations and interviews with subjects chosen from the HN. The selected subjects were constituted by 2 key informers, responsible in the operational and administrative aspects, for managing the medical waste at the Hospital. Data analysis was performed with the collected information by the application of the United Nations Development Programmes instrument, the I-RAT (PNUD, 2009), including the photographic recording, the notes taken in field and the held interviews. The results revealed a medical waste management structure that needs and can be improved, and that the research location does not meet integrally with the recommendations and legal requirements of the country. They also allowed to adopt a Medical Waste Management Plan model, used in the state of São Paulo, BR (COSTA, 2001), and adapting it to the Panamanian reality. The proposed Medical Waste Management Plan resulting from this study is a tool for the management of waste generated by the HN and others health establishments over Panama. This tool can be useful to cooperate with occupational safety, public health and environmental protection, thus contributing to a better life quality

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Sattar, Shaheen. "An environmental impact perspective of the management, treatment, and disposal of hazardous compounds generated as medical waste at selected hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/802.

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Thesis (MTech(Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.
Pharmaceuticals have been formulated to influence physiological systems in humans, animals, and microbes but have never been considered as potential environmental pollutants by healthcare professionals. The human body is not a barrier to chemicals, but is permeable to it. Thus after performing their in-vivo functions, pharmaceutical compound introduced into the body, exit mainly via urine and faeces. Sewage therefore contains highly complex mixtures of chemicals in various degrees of biological potency. Sewage treatment works including those in South Africa, on the other hand, are known to be inefficient in removing drugs from sewage and consequently either the unmetabolised pharmaceutical compounds or their metabolites emerge in the environment as pollutants via several trajectories. In the environment, the excreted metabolites may even undergo regeneration to the original parent molecule under bacterial influence, resulting in “trans-vivo-pharmaceutical-pol ution-cycles”. Although all incinerators are known to generate toxins such dioxins and furans from the drugs they incinerate, all the medicines disposed by the hospitals under research, were incinerated, as the preferred option of disposal. The incineration process employed was found to be environmentally unsafe. Expired and unused medicines which the general public discard as municipal solid waste become landfilled. Because many landfill sites are not appropriately engineered, the unwanted drugs landfilled therein, leach into the surrounding ground water, which is the influent source of water treatment plants. Water treatment plants, including those in South Africa, are also inefficient in eliminating pharmaceutical compounds, releasing them in sub-therapeutic concentrations into potable tap water as pollutants, the full effects of which are yet to be determined.

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Sattar, Mohamed Shaheen. "An environmental impact perspective of the management, treatment, and disposal of hazardous pharmaceutical compounds generated as medical waste at selected hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2012.

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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.
Pharmaceuticals have been formulated to influence physiological systems in humans, animals, and microbes but have never been considered as potential environmental pollutants by healthcare professionals. The human body is not a barrier to chemicals, but is permeable to it. Thus after performing their in-vivo functions, pharmaceutical compound introduced into the body, exit mainly via urine and faeces. Sewage therefore contains highly complex mixtures of chemicals in various degrees of biological potency. Sewage treatment works including those in South Africa, on the other hand, are known to be inefficient in removing drugs from sewage and consequently either the unmetabolised pharmaceutical compounds or their metabolites emerge in the environment as pollutants via several trajectories. In the environment, the excreted metabolites may even undergo regeneration to the original parent molecule under bacterial influence, resulting in "trans-vivo-pharmaceutical-pollution-cycles". Although all incinerators are known to generate toxins such dioxins and furans from the drugs they incinerate, all the medicines disposed by the hospitals under research, were incinerated, as the preferred option of disposal. The incineration process employed was found to be environmentally unsafe. Expired and unused medicines which the general public discard as municipal solid waste become landfilled. Because many landfill sites are not appropriately engineered, the unwanted drugs landfilled therein, leach into the surrounding ground water, which is the influent source of water treatment plants. Water treatment plants, including those in South Africa, are also inefficient in eliminating pharmaceutical compounds, releasing them in sub-therapeutic concentrations into potable tap water as pollutants, the full effects of which are yet to be determined.

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Winkler, Jörg. "Comparative evaluation of life cycle assessment models for solid waste management /." Dresden : Forum für Abfallwirtschaft und Altlasten c/o TU Dresden, Aussenstelle Pirna-Copitz, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018614575&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Moreira, Ana Maria Maniero. "Gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: um desafio para unidades basícas de saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-06092012-103002/.

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O estudo avaliou o desempenho do gerenciamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) em quatro Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Foi desenvolvida ferramenta para caracterizar as unidades quanto ao sistema gerencial, identificar e quantificar os resíduos gerados e levantar o grau de atendimento ao marco legalregulatório vigente. Com apoio desta ferramenta, foram realizadas duas avaliações da situação do gerenciamento dos RSS, em cada UBS: uma prévia (fev./2011) e outra, pós-intervenção (fev./2012). A avaliação prévia permitiu elaboração de um Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (PGRSS) específico para cada UBS, cuja implantação foi acompanhada com intervenção, durante um ano. Na situação prévia, apenas 26 a 30 por cento das regulamentações/normas vigentes eram atendidas pelas UBS, devido à ausência de processos gerenciais sustentáveis e déficit de cuidados básicos quanto à segurança do trabalhador e usuários. Após a intervenção houve pequena melhora, ficando entre 30 e 38 por cento . Uma UBS teve melhora de 11 por cento , enquanto as demais avançaram entre 4 e 5 por cento . A taxa de geração de resíduos comuns/atendimento nas quatro UBS variou de 0,02 a 0,17kg e de resíduos infectantes/atendimento de 0,02 a 0,06kg. Novo indicador de geração foi proposto: taxa de geração de resíduos infectantes por procedimento em áreas críticas, que variou de 0,05 a 0,12kg. A ferramenta de avaliação proposta mostrou-se de fácil aplicação, gerou resultados consistentes e comparáveis e facilitou a elaboração e monitoramento do PGRSS. O marco legal-regulatório, a ferramenta, o PGRSS e o apoio técnico não foram suficientes para aprimorar o gerenciamento dos RSS nas UBS estudadas. Foram identificados como determinantes essenciais para alavancar o desempenho da gestão dos RSS em unidades de atenção básica à saúde: vontade politica e tomada de decisão, recursos humanos e econômicos, informação, capacitação e maior integração entre as atores envolvidos.
O estudo avaliou o desempenho do gerenciamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) em quatro Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Foi desenvolvida ferramenta para caracterizar as unidades quanto ao sistema gerencial, identificar e quantificar os resíduos gerados e levantar o grau de atendimento ao marco legalregulatório vigente. Com apoio desta ferramenta, foram realizadas duas avaliações da situação do gerenciamento dos RSS, em cada UBS: uma prévia (fev./2011) e outra, pós-intervenção (fev./2012). A avaliação prévia permitiu elaboração de um Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (PGRSS) específico para cada UBS, cuja implantação foi acompanhada com intervenção, durante um ano. Na situação prévia, apenas 26 a 30 por cento das regulamentações/normas vigentes eram atendidas pelas UBS, devido à ausência de processos gerenciais sustentáveis e déficit de cuidados básicos quanto à segurança do trabalhador e usuários. Após a intervenção houve pequena melhora, ficando entre 30 e 38 por cento . Uma UBS teve melhora de 11 por cento , enquanto as demais avançaram entre 4 e 5 por cento . A taxa de geração de resíduos comuns/atendimento nas quatro UBS variou de 0,02 a 0,17kg e de resíduos infectantes/atendimento de 0,02 a 0,06kg. Novo indicador de geração foi proposto: taxa de geração de resíduos infectantes por procedimento em áreas críticas, que variou de 0,05 a 0,12kg. A ferramenta de avaliação proposta mostrou-se de fácil aplicação, gerou resultados consistentes e comparáveis e facilitou a elaboração e monitoramento do PGRSS. O marco legal-regulatório, a ferramenta, o PGRSS e o apoio técnico não foram suficientes para aprimorar o gerenciamento dos RSS nas UBS estudadas. Foram identificados como determinantes essenciais para alavancar o desempenho da gestão dos RSS em unidades de atenção básica à saúde: vontade politica e tomada de decisão, recursos humanos e econômicos, informação, capacitação e maior integração entre as atores envolvidos.

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André, Sílvia Carla da Silva. "Gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde em hospitais do município de Ribeirão Preto-SP: diagnóstico da situação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-19022015-153842/.

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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico sobre a situação do gerenciamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) em hospitais do município de Ribeirão Preto-SP. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e documental, desenvolvido em 11 hospitais do município, com a participação de 33 sujeitos (três participantes de cada hospital), respectivamente, nas funções de gestor, gerente de RSS e responsável pelo serviço de higiene e limpeza. A coleta de dados constou-se de: pesagem dos RSS, entrevistas, análise dos Planos de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (PGRSS) e observação em campo. Os dados foram compilados e analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. A coleta de dados foi iniciada após autorização dos hospitais, aprovação pelo CEP da EERP/USP e assinatura do TCLE pelos participantes da pesquisa. Os 11 hospitais incluídos no estudo apresentaram uma geração de 44.489,91 kg de RSS durante seis dias, com uma média diária de 7.414,98 kg/dia. Os dados obtidos revelaram uma geração de 29.846,08 kg (67,1%) de resíduos comuns (Grupo D); e, de 11.236,69 kg (25,3%) de resíduos infectantes (somando-se os Grupos A e E). No que se refere à análise dos PGRSS, somente o registro da segregação dos resíduos foi classificado como satisfatório. No conjunto, a maioria das categorias analisadas dos PGRSS foi considerada como insatisfatória, como os registros da identificação, transporte interno, armazenamento temporário, coleta e transporte externo. Em relação aos dados obtidos com as entrevistas, 7 (63,6%) gestores não souberam informar sobre os tipos de tratamento disponibilizados para os RSS; também no que se refere à gestão, 8 (72,7%) desses sujeitos afirmaram que os hospitais não apresentam dificuldades para cumprir a legislação específica sobre o gerenciamento dos RSS. Em relação aos gerentes de RSS, 10 (90,9%) afirmaram que os hospitais realizam a segregação dos RSS de acordo com a legislação; ressalta-se que 6 (54,5%) gerentes de RSS afirmaram ter vivenciado algum tipo de problema operacional durante o manejo dos RSS, como acúmulo de resíduos nos armazenamentos externos devido à ausência de coleta externa. Igualmente para a categoria de entrevistados relacionados aos responsáveis pelo serviço de higiene e limpeza, 7 (63,6%) afirmaram ter presenciado algum tipo de problema operacional durante o manejo dos RSS, como segregação inadequada dos resíduos. Por fim, os resultados obtidos com a observação mostraram que em 3 (27,3%) hospitais a coleta interna não possuía um fluxo definido. Conclui-se que apesar da existência da legislação federal brasileira (RDC n° 306/2004, da Anvisa e Res. n° 358/2005, do Conama) regulamentando as diretrizes para o gerenciamento dos RSS, verificou-se neste estudo inadequações relacionadas a esse processo. Neste estudo, portanto, revelou-se a necessidade de um maior comprometimento em relação aos RSS, principalmente dos gestores hospitalares e dos gerentes de RSS, oferecendo treinamentos periódicos a todas as categorias profissionais inseridas nos estabelecimentos de saúde, com programas de educação permanente, com vistas a fortalecer o conhecimento dos trabalhadores e a alcançar um manejo seguro e adequado dos RSS
This research aimed to perform a diagnosis of the situation of the Medical Waste (MW) management in hospitals in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. This is a descriptive, exploratory and documentary study, conducted in 11 hospitals in the city, with the participation of 33 subjects (three participants from each hospital), respectively, in the roles of manager, medical waste manager and in charge of the hygiene and cleaning services. The data collection were weighing of medical waste, interviews, analysis of MW Management Plans and field observation. Data were a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Data collection was initiated after authorization of hospitals, approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, and signing of the informed consent by the participants. The 11 hospitals included in the study had a generation of 44489.91 kg/day of MW during six days, with a daily average of 7414.98 kg/day. The data revealed a generation of 29846.08 kg (67.1%) of common waste (Group D); and of 11236.69 kg (25.3%) of infectious waste, (adding the Groups A and E), 11236.69 kg (25.3%). As regards the analysis of MW Management Plans, only the record of waste segregation was rated satisfactory; most of the categories analyzed were considered unsatisfactory, such as the records of identification, internal transportation, temporary storage, collection and external transport. Regarding the data obtained through interviews, 7 (63.6%) managers could not inform about the types of treatment available for MW; also with regard to the management, 72.7% (8) of these subjects said that hospitals have no difficulties to fulfill the specific legislation on the management of MW. Regarding MW managers, 10 (90.9%) stated that hospitals perform the segregation of MW in accordance with the legislation; it is noteworthy that 6 (54.5%) managers reported having experienced some kind of operational problem during the handling of MW, such as waste accumulation in external storage due to lack of external collection. Also for the category of respondents responsible for cleaning and hygiene services, 7 (63.6%) reported to have seen some sort of operational problem during the handling of MW as inadequate segregation of waste. Finally, the results obtained in the observation showed that in 3 (27.3%) hospitals, the internal collection had not a defined flow. It is concluded that despite the existence of the Brazilian federal legislation (RDC n°306/2004 of ANVISA and Res n° 358/2005 of Conama) regulating guidelines for the medical waste management, it was found inadequacies related to this process. Therefore, this study reveals the need for a greater commitment towards MW, mainly of hospital managers and MW managers, providing periodic training to all professional categories of health facilities, with continuing education programs, in order to strengthen the knowledge of professionals and to achieve a safe and proper handling of MW

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Oliveira, Marconi Gomes de. "Gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: entre o discurso e a prática: estudo de casos e pesquisa-ação no Acre." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-26092011-220335/.

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A proximidade entre a teoria e a prática no manejo dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS) é fator preponderante à obtenção de um adequado gerenciamento por parte dos estabelecimentos assistenciais de saúde, frente à responsabilidade legal de gerenciar seus resíduos. A discussão que envolve os RSS reside em questões relevantes, tais como: a crescente geração de resíduos; o potencial poluidor e contaminante dos resíduos sólidos; a obrigatoriedade legal de um plano de gerenciamento; o descumprimento da obrigatoriedade supracitada, por parte de muitos estabelecimentos de saúde; e a descontinuidade de programas e ações exitosos. Esta pesquisa analisa o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos gerados na atenção à saúde em estabelecimentos de diferentes complexidades, a partir da análise do discurso e da prática do manejo dos resíduos gerados na Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre (FUNDHACRE) e na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento Tucumã (UPA-Tucumã), na Cidade de Rio Branco, Estado do Acre. A pesquisa é de caráter exploratório e descritivo. Em 1ª etapa houve um estudo de casos e em 2ª etapa uma pesquisa-ação, através de uma intervenção participativa do pesquisador na investigação; ocorrido de outubro/2008 a fevereiro/2011. Verificou-se que a FUNDHACRE possui um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos em desconformidade com as recomendações e exigências legais; também foram constatadas inadequações em sua prática; enquanto que a UPA-Tucumã, até então, não possuía um plano de gerenciamento. A partir da pesquisa-ação foi proposta uma atualização e ajuste do plano de gerenciamento da FUNDHACRE; também foi elaborado um plano piloto de gerenciamento de resíduos para a UPA-Tucumã. Constatou-se um acentuado distanciamento entre o discurso e a prática no gerenciamento dos RSS nos dois estabelecimentos investigados. Imprescindível maior envolvimento dos administradores para as questões relacionadas aos resíduos; ajustes na prática do manejo dos resíduos; programa de capacitação continuada; atenção especial à segregação, armazenamento, tratamento e disposição final dos resíduos; acompanhamento e fiscalização das ações. Por fim, é importante a somatória de esforços que reúna o conhecimento acadêmico, através das Instituições de Ensino e Pesquisa, ao conhecimento técnico/prático daqueles que são os protagonistas do manejo de resíduos, objetivando a intervenção positiva do discurso na prática do gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde
The closeness between the theory and actual practice of solid waste management in health services (SRHS) is a prevailing factor in obtaining an adequate administration by health establishments regarding legal responsibility in administrating their residues. The SRHS discussion are found in relevant questions as: ever-increasing residues; the potential pollutant and contaminant from solid residues; the legal obligation for an administration plan; the breaking of the above mentioned obligation by many health establishments; the abortion of exit programs and measures. This research analyzes the administration of solid waste generated by health attention in establishments of different complexities, as from speech making to practice analysis of residue management generated at the Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre (FUNDHACRE) and at the Tucumã health outpost (UPA-Tucumã), in Rio Branco City, Acre. Research was exploratory and descriptive. First stage was a case study and the second stage an action research by the researchers own investigation; october/2008 thru february/2011. The FUNDHACRE has an administration plan for waste that runs against the legal recommendation and demands; also, they were found to be inadequate in actual practice while the UPA-Tucumã, so far, does not have any administration plan. Considering the action research, an updating and adjustment for the FUNDHACRE administrating plan was proposed. A pilot plan for waste management was drawn up for the UPA-Tucumã too. There is a marked gap between the speech making and the actual practice in SRHS administration in both establishments investigated. It is essential that administrators have a deeper involvement concerning residues; adjustment in residue management; continued capacity building programs; special attention to separation, storage, treatment and final disposal of residue; as well as the accompanying and inspection of action. Eventually, the joining of efforts that unites the academic knowledge, thru teaching and research institutions to those leading with technical/practical knowledge in the management of residues is important, aiming at a positive intervention of speech in practice Solid waste management of health services

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Camargo, Ândrea Regina de. "O plano de gerenciamento dos resíduos dos serviços de saúde na atenção básica e ambulatório de especialidades do Sistema Único de Saúde no município de São Roque." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8524.

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Cunha, Grasiela Freire da. "Gestão de resíduos sólidos de serviço de saúde : estudo comparativos em unidade hospitalares de Aracaju/se." Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4224.

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The object of this research was to analyze the waste management of health services in hospitals located in the city of Aracaju/SE. Specifically, sought to describe the procedures for segregation, packaging, collection, storage, transportation, treatment and final disposal of the solid waste management, analyze the degree of officials knowledge of the hospitals on the management of such wastes and perform comparative analysis of management practices in hospitals RSS, verifying their compliance with Resolution No. 306/2004 of ANVISA. This is a descriptive and exploratory study, whose research strategy adopted was multiple case study. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured questionnaire application, on-site observation, with the help of script and document analysis. The research population consisted of 285 professionals from the clinical staff (doctors, nurses, technicians and nursing assistants) and hygienist of the three hospitals studied, defined by non-probability sampling by quotas. Data were analyzed with SPSS software, content analysis and triangulation of data. It was found that all healthcare facilities searched showed problems related to inadequate segregation of waste. The three hospitals surveyed have the same procedures with respect to segregation, packing, collection, storage, transportation, treatment and final disposal of the solid waste management. In two establishments, the locations used for external storage of waste do not meet current standards. Private hospitals had the solid waste management plan duly updated and structured and seek to meet current standards and their applicability correct. It was noted, however, that the respondents, in all hospitals, have low level of knowledge about issues related to the management of solid waste management held by health facilities. In general, it was found that establishments assessed implement a policy requiring training, using attractive and efficient mechanisms for training of professionals involved in the management of solid waste management.
O objeto central desta pesquisa é analisar a gestão dos resíduos sólidos de serviços de saúde (RSS) em unidades hospitalares localizadas na cidade de Aracaju/SE. Especificamente, busca: descrever os procedimentos de segregação, acondicionamento, coleta, armazenamento, transporte, tratamento e disposição final dos RSS; analisar o grau de conhecimento dos funcionários das unidades hospitalares sobre a gestão desses resíduos e efetuar análise comparativa das práticas de gestão dos RSS nas unidades hospitalares pesquisadas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, cuja estratégia de pesquisa adotada foi estudo de casos múltiplos. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de aplicação de questionário semiestruturado, observação in loco, com auxílio de roteiro e com análise de documentos. A população pesquisada é formada por 285 profissionais pertencentes à equipe clínica (médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem) e higienizadores dos três hospitais analisados, definidos através da técnica de amostragem não probabilística por cotas. As técnicas utilizadas para a análise dos dados foram o software SPSS, a análise de conteúdo e a triangulação dos dados. Verificou-se que todas as unidades de saúde pesquisadas apresentaram problemas com relação à segregação inadequada dos resíduos. Os três hospitais pesquisados apresentam os mesmos procedimentos com relação à segregação, acondicionamento, coleta, armazenamento, transporte, tratamento e disposição final dos RSS. Em dois estabelecimentos, os locais utilizados para o armazenamento externo dos resíduos não atendem às normas vigentes. Os hospitais privados apresentaram o PGRSS devidamente atualizado e estruturado e procuram atender às normas vigentes e sua correta aplicabilidade. Constatou-se, entretanto, que os profissionais entrevistados, em todos os hospitais, possuem reduzido grau de conhecimento sobre as questões relacionadas à gestão dos RSS realizada pelas unidades de saúde. De um modo geral, verificou-se que os estabelecimentos avaliados necessitam implantar uma política de capacitação, com utilização de mecanismos atrativos e eficientes para o treinamento dos profissionais envolvidos no manejo dos RSS.

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Oliveira, Luana Pontes. "Fatores associados ao manejo de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde, pela Equipe de Enfermagem." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1388.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)
Waste of health services (RSS) are all waste generated in health establishments. When the hospital waste are managed inadequately in any of the stages, can cause pathological risks to public health and environmental destruction. Therefore, the nursing team stands out through its activities exercised, generating the greater part of the waste produced in the hospital. It has as objective to investigate the implementation of the waste of health services by the nursing team. Performed a cross-sectional analytical study, composed of 461 nursing team professionals of a large public hospital of the sphere of the state in the period of june 2014 to january 2016. The response variable was the management of RSS, classified as adequate management and inadequate handling, and independent variables were categorized into three groups: sociodemographic characteristics (distal), hospital routines (intermediate) and knowledge on the RSS (proximal). The non-adjusted analysis was performed and in the second phase, we used analysis adjusted hierarchical type. Were considered associated with the management of RSS those that presented pvalue <0,05. Of 461 nursing team professionals, 40,13% had 30 to 39 years old, 92,84% were female, 63,99% had <12 years of study, 54,88% were single, 63,12% with a family income of up to two minimum wages, 50,3% with 1-5 years of service time, the majority (78,04%) was nursing technician, and 63,99% make the management of RSS adequately. At the end of the hierarchical analysis remained protective association at the management of RSS, age of 20-29 years (PR= 0,90; p< 0,016) and schooling < 12 years of study (PR= 0,90, p< 0,021). The inadequate definition of RSS (RP= 1,30; p< 0,001) showed a statistically significant association with outcome. It is concluded that the knowledge about the RSS may influence the inadequate management. The inappropriate management is still a reality among nursing professionals, and highlights the importance of continued education and curricular changes for adequacy of reality found.
Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) são todos os resíduos gerados em estabelecimentos de saúde. Quando os resíduos hospitalares são gerenciados de forma inadequada em qualquer uma das etapas, podem causar riscos patológicos à saúde pública e a destruição ambiental. Logo, a equipe de enfermagem por meio de suas atividades exercidas, gera a maior parte dos resíduos produzidos no hospital. Tem-se como objetivo investigar o manejo de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde pela Equipe de Enfermagem. Realizou-se um estudo analítico transversal, constituído por 461 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital público de grande porte de esfera estadual no período de junho de 2014 a janeiro de 2016. A variável resposta foi o manejo dos RSS, que é a ação de gerenciar os resíduos em seus aspectos intra e extra estabelecimento, desde a geração até a disposição final. Foi realizada análise não ajustada e na segunda fase, utilizou-se análise ajustada do tipo hierarquizada. Foram consideradas associadas ao manejo dos RSS aquelas que apresentaram p-valor <0,05. Dos 461 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem, 40,13% tinham 30 a 39 anos, 92,84% eram sexo feminino, 63,99% tinham <12 anos de estudo, 54,88% eram solteiros, 63,12% com renda familiar de até dois salários mínimos, 50,3% com 1-5 anos de tempo de serviço, a maioria (78,04%) era técnico de enfermagem, e 63,99% realizam o manejo dos RSS de maneira adequada. Ao final da análise hierarquizada mantiveram associação de risco ao manejo dos RSS, idade (RP= 1,0; p<0,010), formação acadêmica técnico de enfermagem (RP= 1,13; p< 0,013) e definição inadequada dos RSS (RP= 1,29; p< 0,001). Conclui-se que o conhecimento sobre os RSS podem estar influenciando no manejo inadequado. O manejo inadequado ainda é uma realidade entre os profissionais de enfermagem, e se ressalta a importância da educação continuada e de mudanças curriculares para adequação da realidade encontrada.

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Santos, Jânia Oliveira. "Descarte de resíduos resultantes da atividade de vacinação da rede municipal de Palmas – TO: uma abordagem com foco na saúde do trabalhador e na preservação do meio ambiente." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/481.

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Trata-se de estudo descritivo, realizado nas 31 Unidades de Saúde (US) do Sistema Único de Saúde, que administram vacinas no município de Palmas / Tocantins - Brasil, com objetivo de comparar as práticas profissionais de descarte de resíduos de vacinação com a normatização técnica federal que faz referência ao gerenciamento de resíduos de saúde, com destaque para a RCD n° 306/2004 da ANVISA, a Resolução n° 358/2005 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) e para as normativas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). Buscou-se também identificar ações realizadas nas US que minimizam a geração dos resíduos de vacinação e que expõem o meio ambiente e os trabalhadores a riscos de contaminação. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a novembro de 2016 por meio de observação direta com utilização de roteiro composto por diferentes fases do gerenciamento dos resíduos, em seguida foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Ao comparar as práticas realizadas com as recomendações da legislação e normativas da ABNT referentes a resíduos de serviço de saúde, observou-se que em todas as unidades de saúde ocorreram falhas em relação ao gerenciamento dos resíduos de vacinação, sendo que as intraestabelecimento foram predominantes. Tal realidade pode expor trabalhadores, usuários e meio ambiente ao risco de contaminação. É necessário rever as práticas de gerenciamento dos resíduos de vacinação que são realizadas nas unidades públicas de saúde de Palmas-TO, assim como treinar/capacitar os profissionais das salas de vacinação em relação ao tema.
This is a descriptive study carried out in the 31 Health Units (HU) of Unified Health System (SUS) that administer vaccines in Palmas, Tocantins - Brazil, in order to compare the professional practices of vaccination waste disposal with the federal technical regulation that refers to the health waste management, with emphasis on RCD 306/2004 of ANVISA and resolution 358/2005 of the National Environment Council, in addition to the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) regulations. It was also sought to identify actions taken in the HU that minimize the generation of vaccination residues and that expose the environment and workers to contamination risks. The data were collected from June to November of 2016 through direct observation using a road map composed of different phases of waste management, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics. When comparing the practices carried out with the legislation recommendations and ABNT regulations regarding health service residues, it was observed that in all health units there were flaws related to the management of vaccination residues, and intraestablishment were predominant. Such a reality can expose workers, users and the environment to contamination risk. It is necessary to review the vaccination waste management practices that are carried out in public health units in Palmas-TO, as well as to train vaccination room professionals on the subject.

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ALVES, Cláudia Bueno. "Produção e manejo de resíduos de serviços de saúde gerados em hospital veterinário." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/940.

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Usual practices in health stablishments, both human and animal, produce a considerable quantity of residues that potentially represents risks to health of the internal community and the population. These wastes demand special management, with or without treatment prior to the final destination. Consequently, the processing constitutes a vital topic to occupational safety of the employees who handling them, such as to the public health and environment. Thus, this study aimed to analyze aspects of the control of residues produced at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás (HV/UFG). The waste was classified in four groups (GA, GB, GD and GE) accordling to its nature: infectious, chemical, common and drill-sharp, respectively. The evaluation of the residues management was performed using a checklist prepared in accordance with actual legislation and after its validation and application in all sectors of the HV/UFG. The qualifying and quantifying were made through the inspection and weighing of these products. The study was carried out from may 04 to July 17, 2009. As results, it was observed that the management adopted in HV/UFG wasn t fully in accordance with the sanitary regime. Among the critical points observed, it can be outstand the inappropriate separation, identification and storage of the health services waste, poor training of the professionals involved, as well as, insufficient structural conditions. From the previously waste conditioned as GA, it was observed that only 28,5% were appropriately classified as GA. The rest, 2% was GB, 0.5% was GE and 69% was GD. It can be concluded that if the segregation was performed properly in accordance of sanitary legislation, could occur a reduction up to 71% of the contaminated residues. This result can be considered relevant because it implicate in considerable reduction in costs for the treatment of the health services waste, just as in the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational accidents during the handling of these residues.
As atividades cotidianas nos diversos estabelecimentos que prestam serviços de saúde, seja humana ou animal, produzem uma considerável quantidade de resíduos, alguns com características que podem representar riscos à saúde da comunidade hospitalar e à população em geral. Esses produtos necessitam de processos diferenciados em seu manejo, exigindo ou não tratamento prévio à sua destinação final, sendo particularmente importantes tanto para a segurança ocupacional dos trabalhadores que os manuseiam, como para a saúde pública e ao meio ambiente. Diante do exposto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar aspectos do gerenciamento dos resíduos gerados no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Goiás (HV/UFG), sendo estes classificados em quatro grupos (GA, GB, GD e GE), denominados, respectivamente, infectantes, químicos, comuns e perfurocortantes. A avaliação do manejo desses resíduos foi efetuada utilizando check list, elaborado de acordo com a legislação vigente e, depois de validado, aplicado em todos os Setores do HV/UFG. A qualificação e quantificação foram efetuadas por meio de inspeção e pesagem desses produtos. O estudo foi realizado no período de 04 de maio a 17 de julho de 2009. Verificou-se que o manejo adotado no HV/UFG não está plenamente em conformidade com a normatização sanitária em vigor. Dentre os pontos de estrangulamentos verificados, destacaram-se a segregação, identificação e armazenamento inadequados dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS), capacitação deficiente dos diferentes profissionais envolvidos no manejo dos mesmos, bem como condições físico-estruturais insuficientes. Dos resíduos acondicionados previamente pelos profissionais do HV/UFG como do GA, depois de segregados, notou-se que somente 28,5% foram classificados como GA, 2% GB, 0,5% GE e 69% GD. Concluiu-se que se a segregação fosse realizada de forma adequada e conforme a legislação sanitária, poderia haver uma redução de até 71% dos resíduos infectantes. Esse resultado é apontado como relevante por implicar em uma diminuição considerável nos custos destinados ao tratamento dos RSS, como também na prevenção de enfermidades infecto-contagiosas e acidentes ocupacionais ocorridos durante o manuseio desses produtos.

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Günther, Wanda Maria Risso. "Gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: a caracterização como instrumento básico para abordagem do problema." Universidade de São Paulo, 1993. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-04042012-114301/.

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A problemática que envolve os resíduos de serviços de saúde vem ganhando espaço na mídia internacional a partir dos inúmeros acidentes ocorridos envolvendo resíduos desta natureza, como é o caso do incidente ocorrido nas praias de New Jersey e New York, no verão de 1988, ou mesmo o acidente radiativo ocorrido em Goiânia. Tais eventos provocaram grande reação na opinião pública preocupada com sua disposição inadequada, fato agravado com o advento da AIDS e sua rápida proliferação. A estratégia de gerenciamento utilizada para os resíduos perigosos, que segue os resíduos desde sua geração até seu destino final, mostra-se adequada também a resíduos de serviços de saúde. Da mesma forma a segregação na origem e a minimização são possíveis, baseando-se numa caracterização prévia que leve em consideração o risco potencial de infecção e possibilite, mediante uma graduação do risco inerente, uma classificação em distintas categorias. Este trabalho propõe, mediante revisão bibliográfica, levantar as polêmicas e as visões divergentes sobre o tema. Sugere uma proposta de metodologia para caracterização biológica e mostra suas dificuldades de implementação. Apresenta a caracterização destes resíduos como instrumento básico para se efetuar seu gerenciamento, o qual permitirá a minimização dos riscos ocupacionais, sanitários e ambientais devidos a este tipo de resíduos. Finalmente analisa criticamente os distintos trabalhos executados nos países latino-americanos, nos últimos vinte anos, sobre caracterização de resíduos hospitalares, ressaltando a metodologia empregada e os resultados a que chegaram
Medical wastes have been given much space in the international midia, along with several disasters involving these wastes which occurred lately, namely the disaster at New Jersey and New York beaches, in the summer of 1988, or even the one occurred in Goiania, involving radioactive materials. These events brought about the concern of the public opinion with the inadequate disposal of theses wastes, specially when AIDS and its spreading is a reality. The management strategy used for hazardous wastes, which is, to track the waste from its generation to its final disposal, shows also adequate for medical wastes. Segregation at source and minimization also possible based on a previous characterization which includes both the potencial infection hazard and the classification of these wastes into categories of scaled inherent risks. The study presents a survey carried out on international literature to point out the different viewpoints and the controversial aspects of the matter. It suggests a methodology for the biological characterization of the wastes and points out the difficulties in implementing it. It states the characterization of the waste as a mean of providing the management of these wastes, with minimization of occupational, sanitary and environmental hazards. Finally, it critically analyses similar surveys performed in Latin America countries during the last twenty years, about characterization of hospital wastes, emphasizing the adapted methodology and the results obtained

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Maia, Ana Maria de Sousa Ribeiro. "Resíduos sólidos infectantes : ação dos agentes de limpeza em estabelecimento de saúde pública." Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4127.

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The present study sought to establish relationships that exist between the management of solid waste with infectious cases of Infections Related to Health Care (IRHC) in the Adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU-A) of the Emergency Hospital of Sergipe (EHSE), this study aimed to assess the relationship between generators disease vectors found in the referenced industry and infectious waste generated in this health unit. Therefore, it is necessary to: determine how is the handling of infectious solid waste in the ICU-A of a EHSE sector ; identify how the management of infectious waste enables the development of vectors for IRHC , and finally check the preparation of professionals to manage these wastes . Should point out that this is an exploratory research and the field of knowledge was exploited by the inductive method. The literature and empirical basis, about the information necessary for the interpretation and analysis of data is delineated by access to the records of the Committee on Hospital Infection Control (CHIC), which contains the indices of nosocomial infection from 2008 to 2011 and the rules techniques and resolutions codified in chips summaries. Contacts with professionals working in ICU-A and CHIC, support staff and coordination respectively, were also established standardized interviews were conducted, which follow a prescribed script, see Appendix D. The instruments for data collection were used unstructured observation, the field notebook and camera for the purpose of use of the uses of expressions, fragments and images about the current functioning of infectious solid waste management, which are developed based on content analysis. As for the results it was found that among the types of waste generated in the ICU-A EHSE, the sharps are the ones that can be associated with the spread of infectious diseases, these arising from accidents at the time of its disposal, and its occurrence in mostly with housekeeping staff who deal with this type of waste that is commonly and improperly arranged by the clinic staff. However, it became clear that a correct and efficient management of such wastes may prevent scratches and damage in transforming health promotion, and the development of practices for the principles of reverse logistics.
O presente estudo procurou estabelecer que relações existem entre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos infectantes com os casos de Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulta (UTI-A) do Hospital de Urgência de Sergipe (HUSE), este estudo teve como propósito avaliar a relação entre vetores geradores de doenças encontrados no setor referenciado e os resíduos infectantes gerados nesta unidade de saúde. Para tanto, faz-se necessário: averiguar como é feito o manejo de resíduos sólidos infectantes no setor da UTI-A do HUSE; identificar de que forma o manejo de resíduos infectantes propicia o desenvolvimento de vetores para IRAS; e por fim verificar o preparo dos profissionais para o manejo desses resíduos. Convém pontuar que se trata de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e o campo de conhecimento foi explorado pelo método indutivo. A pesquisa bibliográfica e de base empírica, acerca das informações necessárias para interpretação e análise dos dados se delineou mediante o acesso aos registros da Comissão de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar (CCIH), na qual constam os índices de infecção hospitalar de 2008 a 2011 e a normas técnicas e resoluções sistematizadas em fichas resumos. Também foram estabelecidos contatos com os profissionais que trabalham na UTI-A e na CCIH, pessoal de apoio e coordenação respectivamente, foram realizadas entrevistas padronizadas, as quais seguem um roteiro previamente estabelecido, ver apêndice D. Como instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram utilizados a observação não estruturada, o caderno de campo e a máquina fotográfica para efeito de utilização dos usos de expressões, fragmentos e imagens sobre o atual funcionamento da gestão de resíduos sólidos infectantes, sendo estas desenvolvidas com base na análise de conteúdo. Quanto aos resultados foi constatado que dentre os tipos de resíduos gerados na UTI-A do HUSE, os perfurocortantes são os únicos que podem estar associados à propagação de doenças infecciosas, estas, decorrentes de acidentes no momento de sua disposição, sendo sua ocorrência em maior parte com funcionários da limpeza que lidam com este tipo de resíduo e que é comumente disposto inadequadamente pela equipe clínica. No entanto, evidenciou-se que um gerenciamento correto e eficiente desses resíduos pode prevenir riscos e transformar dano em promoção da saúde, como o desenvolvimento de práticas voltadas para os princípios da logística reversa.

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Takayanagui, Angela Maria Magosso. "Trabalhadores de saúde e o meio ambiente: Ação educativa do enfermeiro na conscientização para gerenciamento e resíduos." Universidade de São Paulo, 1993. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-29072005-093924/.

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O presente trabalho aborda a questão dos resíduos de serviços (RSS), que representa um dos grandes problemas decorrentes da relação homem-meio ambiente. A partir do levantamento da situação dos RSS e da necessidade de orientação de sessenta e sete serviços de saúde de Ribeirão Preto, incluindo 100% dos hospitais e 30% de farmácias, laboratórios, ambulatórios e clínicas veterinárias que faziam parte da Coleta Especial e Incineração implantados, realizou-se um trabalho educativo com cento e vinte e sete trabalhadores de saúde, visando torná-los agentes multiplicadores do curso, em seus locais de trabalho. Para isso, foi utilizado o método de educação conscientizadora, visando facilitar aos trabalhadores de saúde adquirirem uma consciência ecológica crítica, capaz de tornálos agentes de mudança, interferindo positivamente nas questões específicas dos RSS. Dois meses após o curso, procedeu-se a uma avaliação final, onde puderam ser constatadas algumas mudanças nos serviços, a partir da conscientização de seus trabalhadores que, de um modo geral, passaram as informações obtidas no curso para seus colegas de trabalho. Concluiu-se que é imprescindível a criação de um sistema de educação continuada nos serviços de saúde de Ribeirão Preto, bem como um re-planejamento de suas instalações, visando melhor adaptação ao sistema de gerenciamento de RSS da cidade, considerado inadequado em 69,2% dos hospitais e em 100% dos ambulatórios. Como conclusão final, o trabalho também permitiu verificar as possibilidades e os limites da ação educativa do Enfermeiro, no campo da Educação Ambiental. Dentre as recomendações feitas, há a necessidade de que todos os serviços de saúde façam parte, imediatamente, do programa de Coleta Especial e Incineração de resíduos da cidade, o que foi constatado em cerca de apenas um terço deles. É preciso, também, que os órgãos públicos locais de controle e fiscalização dos serviços de saúde se reorganizem entre si e integrados com a Universidade, para uma 157 atuação mais efetiva sobre esses estabelecimentos, em relação ao gerenciamento dos RSS, destacando-se, assim, a contribuição da Universidade, não apenas para com o ensino e pesquisa, mas também estendendo seus conhecimentos à sociedade.
The present study approaches the question of health service waste (HSW) which represents one of the great problems caused by the man-environment interaction. Based on a survey of the HSW situation and of the need to establish guidelines for 67 health services in Ribeirão Preto whith respect to waste management, including 100% of the hospitals and 30% of the drugstores, laboratories, ambulatories an veterinary clinics which participate in the Special Collection and Incineration Servive, an educational program was offered to 127 health workers in order to turn them into multipliers of the course at their work places. The method of consciousness-raising education was used in order to permit health workers to acquire a critical ecological awareness capable of turning them into agents of change by positively interfering with specific HSW questions. A final evaluation was performed two months after the course, which showed that some changes had been made in the services starting from the awareness of the workers who, in general, had transmitted the information acquired in the course to their coworkers. It was concluded that it is imperative to set up a continued education system in the health services of Ribeirão Preto, as well as to replan their installations in order to obtain a better adaptation to the city system of HSW management. The final conclusion of this study permited to verify the possibilities and the limits of education activity of nurse in the field of environmental education. This study proposes that all health services to immediately join the Special Collection an Incineration program of the city, which now serves only 1/3 of the health services, and the local public organs of control and inspection of health services should reorganize amongst themselves and join the University for a more effective action on these concerns in terms of HSW management.

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Coqueiro, Jaqueline Ferraz Rodrigues. "Gestão de resíduos de serviços de saúde: estudo de caso no Hospital Municipal Esaú Matos, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/123456730/331.

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O presente estudo aborda o manejo dos resíduos de serviços de saúde produzidos pelo Hospital Municipal Esaú Matos, situado em Vitória da Conquista na Bahia. Essa pesquisa é um estudo de caso, de caráter exploratório, sobre a aplicação da legislação dos resíduos de serviços de saúde. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é avaliar a situação de gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde no Hospital Esaú Matos na cidade de Vitória da Conquista, confrontando com as legislações da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) a RDC 306/2004 e a Resolução 358/2005 do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). Durante visitas in loco foi aplicado um questionário, o qual foi elaborado através da metodologia empregada nas resoluções 306/2004 da ANVISA e resolução 358/2005 do CONAMA. Pelo estudo realizado e de acordo com as normas vigentes, foi possível observar que o hospital produz resíduos que são classificados como resíduos do grupo A - biológicos, grupo B - químicos, grupo D - comuns e do grupo E - perfurocortantes. Verificou-se que o hospital não possui um Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (PGRSS) e que o manejo interno dos resíduos precisa ser reavaliado com a finalidade de corrigir os desacordos. As práticas realizadas quanto a identificação, segregação, acondicionamento, transporte interno, acondicionamento final e o abrigo de resíduos não estão em concordância com as legislações vigentes. Assim, o manejo inadequado destes resíduos aumenta os riscos de acidentes, provoca riscos de contaminação que causam efeitos negativos ao meio ambiente, através de impactos ambientais deterioradores da vida animal e vegetal. Mas esse risco pode ser controlado quando tomados os cuidados necessários aplicando técnicas descritas nas legislações vigentes e através da utilização dos equipamentos de proteção individual e coletivos, EPIs e EPCs, adequados ao processo realizado na gestão dos resíduos. Diante dos resultados encontrados na pesquisa foram elaboradas propostas e medidas mitigadoras de melhoramento da gestão dos resíduos.
This study addresses the management of health care waste produced by the Municipal Hospital Esau Matos, located in Vitória da Conquista in Bahia. This research is a case study, exploratory, on the implementation of waste legislation for health services. The overall objective of this research is to evaluate the status of management of health care waste in Esau Matos Hospital in the city of Vitoria da Conquista, confronted with the laws of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) RDC 306/2004 and Resolution 358 / 2005 of the National Council for the Environment (CONAMA). During site visits was a questionnaire, which was prepared by the methodology used in the resolutions 306/2004 of ANVISA and Resolution 358/2005 of CONAMA. The study and according to current standards, it was observed that the hospital produces waste that are classified as group A waste - biological, group B - chemical, D group - common and group E - sharps. It was found that the hospital does not have a Health Plan Services Waste Management (PGRSS) and the internal management of waste needs to be reassessed in order to correct the disagreements. The practices carried out as identification, segregation, packaging, internal transport, final packaging and waste under are not in accordance with current legislation. Thus, inadequate management of this waste increases the risk of accidents, cause contamination risks that cause negative effects to the environment, through spoilage environmental impacts of plant and animal life. But this risk can be controlled when taken the necessary precautions by applying techniques described in the current legislation and through the use of personal protective equipment and collective, PPE and EPCs, suitable to the process undertaken in waste management. Given the results found in the research proposals and mitigation measures for improvement of waste management were prepared.

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Mução, Juanita da Rocha. "Resíduos de serviços de saúde em laboratórios de ensino da Universidade Católica do Salvador: uma proposta de gerenciamento." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2017. http://ri.ucsal.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/439.

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Os resíduos gerados pelo homem representam um dos maiores problemas da atualidade. O descarte inadequado desses resíduos provoca sérias e danosas consequências à saúde pública e ao meio ambiente. Nesse contexto, incluem-se os resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS), que são aqueles gerados em todos os serviços relacionados ao atendimento à saúde humana ou animal. Percebendo a relevância desse tema ambiental, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal apresentar uma proposta de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviço de saúde para os resíduos gerados nos Laboratórios de Ensino da Universidade Católica do Salvador (UCSAL) – Campus de Pituaçu. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de caso a partir da pesquisa de campo e da pesquisa-ação nos Laboratórios de ensino da área de saúde da UCSAL. Os instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram visitas aos laboratórios, questionários estruturados e fechados. Durante as visitas e levantamento de dados, observou-se que há geração de resíduos dos grupos A, B, D e E – não há geração do grupo C. Os Laboratórios de ensino produzem em média 6,5 kg de resíduos sólidos por semana, dos quais < 1% são RSS. As informações foram obtidas a partir de um diagnóstico de 22 semanas, através da identificação e quantificação desses resíduos. Nessa perspectiva, entende-se que é indispensável a elaboração do PGRSS na tratativa dos RSS, porque através dele é possível disponibilizar informações para o gestor dos Laboratórios de Ensino da Universidade e por ser uma exigência legal a ser atendida para assegurar proteção ao meio ambiente, resguardando os trabalhadores da área e a população como um todo. O processo de construção da gestão de resíduos em universidades é complexo e exige um esforço sistêmico e integrado de toda a comunidade acadêmica, sendo necessária uma educação técnica e ambiental que aborde o gerenciamento de RSS, com treinamento e capacitação de todos os colaboradores que trabalham nesses setores.
Waste generated by man represents one of the biggest problems today. Improper disposal of these wastes causes serious and damaging consequences to public health and the environment. In this context, health care waste (RSS), which is generated in all services related to the care of human or animal health, is included. Realizing the relevance of this environmental theme, the main objective of this work was to present a proposal for the Management of Health Care Waste for waste generated in the Teaching Laboratories of the Catholic University of Salvador (UCSAL) - Campus de Pituaçu. The methodology used was the bibliographical research and case study from the field research and action research in the teaching laboratories of the health area of UCSAL. The instruments for data collection were laboratory visits, structured and closed questionnaires. During the visits and data collection, it was observed that there is generation of waste from groups A, B, D and E - there is no generation of group C. The teaching laboratories produce on average 6.5 kg of solid waste per week, of which <1% are RSS. The information was obtained from a diagnosis of 22 weeks, through the identification and quantification of these residues. In this perspective, it is understood that it is essential to prepare the PGRSS in the RSS discussion, because through it is possible to make information available to the University Labs' manager and because it is a legal requirement to be met to ensure protection of the environment, protecting the workers of the area and the population as a whole. The process of building waste management in universities is complex and requires a systemic and integrated effort of the entire academic community, requiring a technical and environmental education that addresses the management of RSS, with training and qualification of all employees working in these Sectors.

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Skirfors, Oscar. "Using bioaugmentation to enhance the denitrification process in a treatment plant for landfill leachate." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278592.

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It has been illegal to deposit household waste in Swedish landfills since 2005. The large amount of waste deposited prior to this does however continue to pose an environmental concern, mainly in the form of leachate water. This study focused on enhancing the denitrification process in a leachate water treatment plant through bioaugmentation. The two strains Brachymonas denitrificans and Comamonas denitrificans as well a commercial seed mix from ClearBlu Environmental® (CBE-mix) containing amongst others, Pseudomonas putida AD 21 and Pseudomonas fluorescens, were investigated as candidates. Nitrite, nitrate, and ammonium concentrations were measured in laboratory-, and pilot-scale studies to follow the processes of nitrification and denitrification. The pilot study was conducted for 10 days in the middle of May 2020 with leachate from the treatment plant in an aerated and nonaerated setup in open field conditions. C. denitrificans and B. denitrificans were both shown to be able to adapt to growth in landfill leachate. The addition of these strains led to a higher rate of nitrate reduction compared to the control during the first days of the pilot experiment but showed no difference in the total amount of nitrate reduced. The combined nitrogen concentration of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite was 6.7% lower than the control when using a culture augmented with the CBE-mix in the aerated setup. This could indicate aerated denitrification. The amount of nitrate reduced during the pilot experiment was increased with 32% when augmenting the community with the CBE-mix in a nonaerated setup. An explanation could be that certain strains in the mix were able to utilize hard to degrade organic carbon present in the leachate or that the mix had a higher ratio of reduced nitrate to consumed organic carbon than the indigenous community.
Det har varit olagligt att deponera hushållsavfall i Sverige sedan 2005, den stora mängd avfall som deponerats innan dess fortsätter dock att utgöra ett miljöproblem, främst genom genereringen av lakvatten. Den här studien fokuserade på möjligheten att förbättra denitrifikationen i ett reningsverk för lakvatten genom bioaugmentation. Två stammar tillhörande Brachymonas denitrificans, och Comamonas denitrificans, samt en kommersiell bakterieblandning från ClearBlu Environmental® innehållande bland andra Pseudomonas putida AD 21 och Psedomonas flourescens, undersöktes som möjliga kandidater. Ammonium-, nitrat- och nitritkoncentrationer mättes i odlingsstudier i labbskala och i en pilotstudie för att undersöka nitrifikation och denitrification. Pilotstudien utfördes i en luftad och en o luftad konfiguration utomhus i mitten av maj 2020, med lakvatten från reningsverket under en 10 dagars period. C. denitrificans och B. denitrificans klarade båda av att anpassa sig till tillväxt i lakvatten. Tillsats av dessa arter ledde till en ökning i nitratreduktionshastighet i början av pilotexperimentet men gav ingen total minskning av nitratmängden. Den sammanlagda slutkoncentrationen av ammonium-, nitrat- och nitritkväve var 6,7% lägre än i kontrollen när en kultur argumenterad med den kommersiella bakteriemixen användes i den luftade konfigurationen. Mängden reducerat nitrat ökade med 32% när en kultur augmenterad med den kommersiella mixen användes i den oluftade konfigurationen. En möjlig förklaring är att vissa stammar i mixen klarade av att tillgodogöra sig svårnedbrytbara kolföreningar i lakvattnet eller att ration mellan reducerat nitrat mot konsumerat organiskt kol var högre än i det ursprungliga microbsamhället.

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Manfredini, Kira Lusa. "Estado atual e propostas de melhorias no gerenciamento em resíduos de glutaraldeído, xileno e formaldeído em um hospital escola e em um laboratório universitário de anatomia." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2014. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/937.

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O presente trabalho visa contribuir para o encaminhamento de soluções, relativas ao gerenciamento de resíduos químicos em instituições de ensino e pesquisa e hospitalares. Estas instituições atuam, ou pelo menos devem atuar, como modelos das políticas de preservação ambiental e prevenção de riscos à saúde, com práticas sustentáveis e respaldadas nas normas vigentes, contribuindo para a formação de cidadãos comprometidos com a saúde ambiental e a qualidade de vida. O objetivo principal do trabalho foi caracterizar os compostos glutaraldeído, xileno e formaldeído, após o uso, oriundos de atividades de ensino e assistência à saúde, com vistas a propor melhorias no sistema de gerenciamento dos mesmos. A primeira etapa do trabalho envolveu o levantamento dos resíduos químicos gerados no hospital escola, em especial o xilol e o glutaraldeído, e no laboratório universitário de anatomia, especificamente o formaldeído em uso, quantificando-os e identificando o local de geração. Também foram avaliados o processo e o tratamento aplicados atualmente a cada um desses resíduos. Para a análise cromatográfica foram coletadas oito amostras mensais de glutaraldeído e xilol pós-uso no hospital escola e uma amostra de cada um dos cinco tanques em uso no laboratório universitário de anatomia, totalizando 16 amostras no hospital e 40 amostras no laboratório de anatomia. As degradações do glutaraldeído, xilol e formol foram de 9,19, 1,52 e 59,38 %, respectivamente. Como alternativa ao descarte convencional dos compostos de interesse sugere-se a reciclagem de solventes orgânicos. São apresentados também possíveis substitutos ao glutaraldeído, xilenos e formaldeído e uma proposta de melhorias de gerenciamento das substâncias.
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The present work aims to contribute to finding solutions concerning the management of chemical waste in universities, research institutions and hospitals. These institutions act, or at least should act as models of policies for environmental preservation and prevention of health risks, supported in the current regulations, contributing to the formation of citizens committed to environmental health and quality of life. The main objective of the present work was propose alternatives for the current chemical waste management system, particularly the compounds glutaraldehyde, xylene and formaldehyde after use, in a higher education institution and in a hospital school, in order to support decision-making as to minimize the risks to human and environmental health from the use and disposal of the same. The first step of the study involved a survey of chemical waste generated in the hospital school, especially xylene and glutaraldehyde, and in the university laboratory of anatomy, especially formaldehyde in use, quantifying them and identifying the generation site, and the process and the treatment currently applied to each one of these residues, through local direct observations and survey information from the Environmental Sanitation Institute of the Caxias do Sul University. The next step was the characterization compounds glutaraldehyde, xylene and formaldehyde as the purity (compared to standard substances) in order to analyze the degradation by use and the need ou not of disposal. For this purpose were collected 8 monthly samples of glutaraldehyde and xylene, after use in the hospital school, and formaldehyde in the university laboratory of anatomy. Were present two proposals: a review of the current method of disposal of the compounds glutaraldehyde, xylene and formaldehyde and the replacement thereof by other, smaller environmental impact and health, analyzing advantages and disadvantages of proposals, based on the literature, studies and practices carried out by other institutions. The chromatographic analyzes showed that the compounds glutaraldeyde and xylene have very purity (only 9.19 and 1.52 % of degradation, respectively) and can be reused by the institution, while formaldehyde degradation was high (59.38 %). The proposed alternatives prove to be very advantageous, according to the results obtained in the present study. The recycling of the compounds evaluated, in turn, implies directly in reducing the volume of toxic and hazardous materials that the institution sends to the final disposal.

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Minotto, Juliane Borba. "Gerenciamento e contaminação microbiológica de resíduos de serviços de saúde do grupo A na UFRGS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/182482.

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Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) são definidos e classificados segundo a RDC ANVISA nº 306/2004, sendo que no Grupo A encontram-se aqueles com possível contaminação biológica. As atividades de atendimento, ensino e pesquisa em saúde humana e animal desenvolvidas na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) geram cerca de 22 toneladas de RSS do Grupo A mensalmente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os RSS do Grupo A gerados em laboratórios da UFRGS quanto à sua composição e forma de armazenamento, bem como analisar sua contaminação microbiológica, a fim de entender os desafios existentes para a gestão desse Grupo de resíduos. Os resíduos foram caracterizados por massa e volume em dezessete laboratórios de diferentes áreas de pesquisa com material biológico, com base na norma ABNT NBR 10.007/2004. Foram coletadas informações sobre o armazenamento e gerenciamento interno dos resíduos junto aos pesquisadores. A fim de verificar a contaminação microbiana, foram coletadas luvas de látex de todos os laboratórios e foram realizados testes de crescimento, isolamento e identificação dos microrganismos. Os resultados demonstram que existe grande diferença na composição dos resíduos entre os laboratórios, mas que luvas de procedimento (látex e nitrilica), papéis sujos e materiais plásticos (polietileno e polipropileno) são os materiais mais encontrados. Em relação à contaminação dos resíduos, verificou-se que cerca de 50% das amostras coletadas não apresentaram contaminação expressiva (menos de 30 colônias). Foram identificados 38 espécies, sendo quatro de leveduras e 34 de bactérias. O gerenciamento interno também é muito variável entre os laboratórios, sendo que alguns apresentam problemas de acondicionamento e segregação, enquanto outros seguem bons procedimentos, o que dificulta estabelecer uma gestão integrada para a Universidade. Portanto, com base nos resultados, verificamos que é necessário melhorar o gerenciamento dos RSS do Grupo A dos laboratórios da Universidade, pois parte dos materiais descartados nessa categoria não estão efetivamente contaminados. É preciso também levar em consideração às particularidades de cada laboratório, buscando políticas institucionais que atendam às diferentes realidades encontradas na Universidade.
Medical Waste (MW) are defined and classified by RDC ANVISA nº 306/2004.Group A are all solid residues possibly contaminated with pathogenic agents. All the activi-ties in the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) which involve ani-mal or human health monthly generate around 22 tons of MW of Group A. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition of MW of Group A generated in labor-atories of the University, and to analyze its contamination with microorganisms, so to comprehend the challenges of managing these residues. The residues of seventeen labs were characterized by weight and volume using ABNT NBR nº 10.007/2004 as guideline. Information about residues management and storage were obtained with the researches of each lab. In order to verify the presence of microorganisms in the residues, latex gloves were collected from all seventeen laboratories and microbial growth, isolation and identification analyses were performed. The results showed great differences among the labs, however, procedure gloves (latex and nitrile), pa-per and plastic materials (such as polyethylene and polypropylene) were the most representative materials found. Considering the contamination results, about 50% of the samples showed minimal contamination (less than 30 colonies).There was found 38 species of microorganisms, being four yeast and 34 bacteria. The internal man-agement of MW of Group A varies greatly among the labs, while some have good practices, others have difficulties with internal storage and residue segregation, therefore turning its administration very difficult for the University. Therefore, the re-sults show that it’s necessary to develop institutional policies in order to improve MW of Group A management, considering that part of the materials treated as this resi-dues are not contaminated. Nevertheless, since the laboratories have such different realities, it’s critical to take it in consideration, so the institutional policies could be really applied on the daily basis.

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Rosberg, Philip. "Waste management at Electrolux : Proposals for a New Waste Management- and Waste Reporting System." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202577.

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There has been an increased trend and awareness, during the past two decades, for global companies to assess their environmental impact. And when it comes to waste management, there are at this point few disarmaments that an increased awareness of companies’ resource-, and waste streams can have positive financial outcomes, if actions are taken. A lot of these ideas have already been implemented within Electrolux. By developing an energy and water management plan, Green Spirit, they have successfully improved their operations with reducing their energy intensity with 17% (2011-2015) and water intensity with 35% (2011- 2015) (Electrolux Sustainability, 2016). This study has the main objective how to improve and reduce waste in Electrolux´s production facilities, and to help Electrolux understand their waste streams. By assessing the waste performance at Electrolux, and by comparing environmental KPIs between Electrolux and a selection of competitors, a basis for decision was developed. Literature studies of legislative frameworks in geographical regions where Electrolux have a strong presence have helped to understand how companies can work with regulatory entities to solve greater issues. By joining forces with other companies and governments, Electrolux will be able to set an example of how waste performance and profitability can be achieved. By sharing best practice, and engaging with stakeholders and developers, Electrolux can help improve waste performance and save natural resources. This thesis has lead to the development of a new management system, a new reporting system, and a transparent way to rank and keep track of waste performance at Electrolux factories. A way to understand and address issues related to zero waste is also presented.

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Alves, Sergiane Bisinoto. "O impacto do planejamento estratégico na elaboração e implementação do plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde na atenção básica." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4974.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The waste management is still deficient in many healthcare services. Those healthcare services smaller, as the primary healthcare offices, this problem becomes greater. Also important the destination for healthcare waste management generated by professionals and users in households. Faced with the expansion of the number and specificities of units in primary healthcare of occupational, environmental and social risks represent by healthcare waste generated in these environments, if not correctly managed, interventions in these realities are necessary and urgent. The objective was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of a healthcare waste management plan in primary healthcare unit and to check the approaches adopted by healthcare workers on the management of piercing and cutting waste generated by insulin users at households. This is a comparative and intervention study, pre and post, in a non-hospital unit to emergency care and also in a family healthcare unit, in the period from 2011 to 2014. The intervention performed consisted of: design and implementation of healthcare waste management plan using the situational strategic planning, educational and illustrative activities for users and multimodal permanent education, collective and individualized, for professionals for both healthcare units. A year after the intervention, all waste generated during a week in each healthcare unit were weighed and analyzed about the segregation. The values obtained were compared to those in the pre-intervention phase (Alves, 2010) that made the diagnosis in the same units and used the same methodology for the quantification and segregation analysis of the healthcare waste. The results show that the development and implementation of the waste management plan, using the situational strategic planning reduced healthcare waste generation and the inadequacies found about segregation in both units studied. It was also observed that there isn´t a management plan about management of piercing and cutting waste generated by users in households and that management is not assimilated in professional practice or in institutional procedures. The proposed intervention proved to be easy to apply and to involve all professionals and managers in prepare and implementation of a healthcare waste management plan in primary healthcare unit. The professionals and managers actively participated since the diagnosis of the healthcare waste management situation, discussion of alternatives to solve the problems listed until the decision making, resulting in a collective commitment to implement the healthcare waste management plan of healthcare services.
O manejo de resíduos ainda se mostra deficiente em vários estabelecimentos de saúde. Naqueles de pequeno porte, como as unidades de saúde da atenção básica, essa questão é ainda maior. Importante também destacar a destinação dada aos resíduos de serviços de saúde gerados por profissionais e usuários nos domicílios. Diante da expansão no número e especificidades dos estabelecimentos de saúde da atenção básica, dos riscos ocupacionais, ambientais e sociais representados pelos resíduos gerados nesses ambientes, se não gerenciados adequadamente, intervenções nessas realidades se mostram necessárias e urgentes. Assim, objetivou-se verificar a existência de plano de gerenciamento de resíduos e as condutas adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica sobre o manejo de resíduos perfurocortantes gerados por usuários de insulina nos domicílios e avaliar o impacto da implementação de um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde na atenção básica. Trata-se de um estudo comparativo e de intervenção, do tipo antes e após, realizado em uma unidade não hospitalar de atendimento as urgências e emergências e também em uma unidade de atenção básica à saúde da família, no período de 2011 a 2014. A intervenção realizada consistiu em: elaboração e implementação de um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde utilizando como ferramenta o planejamento estratégico situacional, atividades educativas e ilustrativas para conscientização dos profissionais e usuários e educação permanente multimodal coletiva e individualizada destinadas aos profissionais das duas unidades. Um ano após a intervenção, todos os resíduos gerados durante uma semana em cada unidade de saúde foram pesados e analisados quanto à segregação. Os valores obtidos foram comparados aos encontrados na etapa pré-intervenção (Alves, 2010), em que foi realizado o mesmo diagnóstico nessas unidades, utilizando metodologia idêntica para quantificação e análise da segregação. Os resultados mostram que a elaboração e implementação do plano de gerenciamento de resíduos, utilizando o planejamento estratégico situacional, reduziram a geração de resíduos e as inadequações encontradas em relação à segregação dos resíduos de serviços de saúde nas duas unidades estudadas. Observou-se também que não há um plano de gerenciamento que contemple o manejo dos resíduos perfurocortantes gerados pelos usuários nos domicílios e que esse manejo, não está assimilado na prática profissional, nem nos procedimentos institucionais. A intervenção proposta mostrou-se de fácil aplicabilidade e possibilitou o envolvimento de todos os profissionais e dos gestores na elaboração e implementação do plano. Os profissionais e gestores participaram ativamente desde o diagnóstico situacional do manejo de resíduos de serviços de saúde, discussão de alternativas para solucionar os problemas elencados até a tomada de decisão, resultando em um comprometimento coletivo para implementação do plano de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde.

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Seadon, Jeffrey Keith. "Integrated waste management." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5862.

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Integrated waste management is considered from a systems’ approach, with a particular emphasis on advancing sustainability. The focus of the thesis is to examine the various subsystems as they apply in a New Zealand context and to scrutinize the developments of these subsystems in a time where there has been a renewed worldwide interest in sustainability. Fonterra is evaluated as a prime industry example along with the Ministry for the Environment as the government representative. Both Fonterra and the government have made some progress in addressing the problem of waste and so far they have followed a similar path as their sectors worldwide in that they have addressed parts of the waste issue but not as an ongoing and systematic approach to provide a sustainable solution to waste. The initial aim was to investigate the current state of practice to gain an insight into the integration of waste management. Research into the relevant literature along with a combination of data collection and interviews were organised with practitioners and stakeholders from Fonterra, the Ministry for the Environment, local government waste officials, local and central government politicians, consultants and non-governmental organisations. The thesis identifies pockets of an integrated approach to waste management internationally and even some elements of a systems approach. The path to an integrated approach usually starts with a simple framework like a waste management hierarchy operating in one medium and progresses to multiple media. A range of existing tools provides the flexibility for a systems approach focusing on the processes that increase resource efficiency. The use of leverage points at opportune times can enable substantial improvements in a waste management system that provides opportunities for ongoing systems based integration and the saving of both money and resources. Additionally, integrated waste management systems require agents including site managers, company head office, councils, central government and the community to work together in a cooperative, transparent and coordinated manner. The thesis has provided a way forward to move towards sustainability through an integrated approach to waste management.
Whole document restricted until August 2011, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.

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Hassinger, Elaine, and Jack Watson. "Hazardous Waste Management." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146417.

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2 pp.
The wide variety of products commonly used in households and on farms include paints, solvents, oils, fuels, cleaners, wood preservatives, batteries, adhesives, and pesticides. Hazardous substances found in these products can contaminate groundwater if they are not used, stored, and disposed of properly. This fact sheet is taken from the Arizona Farm*A*Syst workbook. It was developed to help readers manage hazardous waste properly.

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Carolus, Vernon. "Waste and waste management in Breede Valley district." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/784.

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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007
The waste management that is taking place in the Breede Valley district focus mainly on disposal and end-of-pipe solutions. This approach resulted in serious negative impacts on the environment and human health. Improper waste management practices have become a major source of concern due to the risk associated with poor waste management in the area. Indiscriminate dumping of waste at street corners is very common. The basic waste management processes of collection, transport, segregation and [mal disposal appear to be very inefficient and inadequate. The objective of this study was to determine the composition of the waste stream as well as public awareness, attitudes and behaviours towards current and alternative waste management practices. A waste assessment study was conducted to determine the amount of waste generated by the different communities, as well as how much and what of the recyclables can be taken out of the waste stream by recycling. For this study data was obtained by formulation of questionnaires for businesses, communities and medical practitioners, as well as an interview with the Engineering Department of the Breede Valley Municipality about the current waste management situation in the area. From the data obtain from businesses, communities and medical facilities, it is clear that public participation, partnership, education and awareness is essential for effective integrated waste management. This study revealed that waste management practices are inefficient, uncontrolled and fragmented. This investigation shows that there is a huge difference between the different communities in terms of the volume of waste generation. The study also shows that waste related legislation is outdated and fragmented and there is no enforcement by municipal officials. The major Issues and challenges that affect the management of waste. include its organisational structure and lack of waste minimisation plans.

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Suresh, Shashidhar, and Vinodhkumar Vijayakumar. "Waste management in Botswana." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-75015.

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Waste is anything which is considered to be no longer useful to anyone. In reality, it actually possesses the ability to be the raw material for several other processes and applications. Improper handling of wastes could result in several environmental hazards such as air pollution, soil erosion, methane emissions, low birth rate and others. In developing countries, proper handling of wastes is one of the important topics to be focussed from an environmental perspective. This thesis aims to propose an improved waste collection system in Gaborone through investigating the current waste management practices in Gaborone from different perspectives. Several stakeholders were interviewed for gathering information related to the present waste legislations, waste collection, treatment, and disposal methods. A composition study was also conducted along with the other research teams in order to support the objective of this thesis. The results shows that the current waste management practices has certain flaws which the management has to overcome in order to avoid the environmental impacts caused by the waste generation in Gaborone. Basic Recycling and treatment facilities are absent in Gaborone. The local government do not have any updated plans for the proper handling of wastes. The obtained results are critically analysed to showcase the existing flaws in the waste management practices, and using the state of the art knowledge in waste management the research team suggests an improved waste collection system for Gaborone considering the economic and environmental conditions.

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Wright, Linda Marie. "Sustainable waste management and vermicomposting of biodegradable municipal waste." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407990.

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Mashazhu, Mabasa. "Waste farm: a productive landscape for integrated waste management." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28251.

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In 2010 the city of Cape Town partnered with the Department of Environmental Affairs to initiate a project to investigate and evaluate the possible re-opening and licensing of Historic and Old landfill sites. The project to reassess these landfill sites is due to the fact that the three main operating landfill sites in Cape Town are nearing capacity. This calls for the city to re-imagine its waste management infrastructure. Meanwhile, within the urban areas of Cape Town, there exists a network and constellations of informal waste pickers working in conjunction with buy-back centres and recyclers to form an economically, environmentally and socially sustainable solution that diverts volumes of recyclable waste from landfills. These informal waste pickers contribute to filling in a gap within the formal recycling system but there is no infrastructure supporting these individuals on whom the formal recycling industry depends on. Most of the waste pickers sleep 'on the streets' with little access to amenities such as water, toilets and washing facilities. The spaces they occupy/sleep make it hard to store their pickings and hence they are forced to sell as soon as they collect. It also forces them to make multiple trips to the buy-back centres whom they are always at the mercy of, particularly when the ever changing price of recyclable waste is low. This project aims at creating a productive landscape that uses waste as a vehicle to enhance the livelihoods of informal waste pickers and encourage local communities to see the economic and environmental value of recycling waste. By providing secure storage and sorting, safe/hygienic sleeping and cleaning spaces coupled with social and productive areas; the project seeks to unlock the potential of recycling using a suitable architectural intervention that is self-sustaining.

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Taye, Mesfin, and Wisdom Kanda. "E-waste management in Botswana." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69213.

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Electr(on)ic equipments possess parts and components with high economic value and environmental peril which prompts a potential need to assess the EEE’s management at EoL. E-waste management in developing countries is one of the least revised environmental topics. In recent times however the subject is getting research limelight from scholars. This study aims at enhancing the existing e-waste management practice in Gaborone, Botswana through systematic investigation of the current circulation, usage, handling and management of W(EEEs). Several stakeholders in the solid waste management system were interviewed and also an in situ (on the landfill) waste composition study was conducted in line with the aims and objectives of the research. The study finds that WEEEs do not have exclusively designed management structure in Gaborone and they rather flow source to sink usually blended with the general waste derived from the entire socio-economic activity. Waste composition study conducted on the landfill indicates a very low percentage composition (less than 1%) of WEEEs in the junk corresponding to 1.9 kg/capita/year. Substantial amount of obsolete EEEs rather seem to linger in the socio-economic system until a capable tapping mechanism is installed. An integrated e-waste management system cored around public sensitisation and the novel phenomenon of Enhanced landfill mining which simultaneously offers time to consult developed countries for expertise on sustainable WEEE management is proposed. The impetus to close the linear flow of electr(on)ic materials remain with the government and a range of stakeholders/interest groups who seek to gain economic advantages and also trim down environmental implications from the circulating and landfilled W(EEEs).

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Siu, Chi-man Benny. "Environmental management of plastic waste /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37117464.

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Moore, Stephen. "Regional hazardous waste management systems /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENS/09ensm824.pdf.

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Hui, Pak-kai, and 許柏佳. "Waste management in aviation industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254226.

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Siu, Chi-man Benny, and 蕭志敏. "Environmental management of plastic waste." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013585.

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Hui, Pak-kai. "Waste management in aviation industry /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21301797.

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af, Ugglas Samuel. "Waste diagnostic - A caste study of a company’s waste management." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279482.

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This case study of the waste management at a pharmaceutical company investigates the current situation and possible improvements for future work in terms of amount of waste generated, treatment methods and economy. The scope of the project was to assess all current waste streams from the everyday activities and find potential areas for improvement. Chemical/solvent waste have not been investigated thoroughly because of the complexity to make changes within the manufacturing processes. Waste generated during demolition and construction by external contractors have been excluded since it is not a part of the business as usual. The company has set the goal to decrease greenhouse gas emissions by 20% and waste generated by 15% and to achieve these goals the waste diagnostic project have been initiated. Waste reports and guided tours at each department have been compiled to assess and map out all waste streams at the site. The waste management hierarchy has been used as a tool together with performance measurements to evaluate current situation and with examples from literature, other sites and industries recommendations have been made. The waste management hierarchy is a tool used to prioritize waste management to reach a circular economy, with landfill at the bottom and reduction/reuse at the top of the hierarchy the current status of a company can be assessed and also what areas that have to be improved in order to climb the hierarchy. The company shows a good environmental performance today and comply with internal standards, the waste metric scoring calculation results in a value of, , 464 which corresponds to energy recovery level of the waste management hierarchy. An ISO certificate ensures customers that a product or service meet the standards the customer have. There are ISO standards within many different areas and ISO 14001 applies to environmental management which the company is not certified with. The company comply with the internal standards but an ISO certificate would result in extra credibility. Some of the recommendations to the site includes a waste management communication program to engage employees, reuse of disposable pallets, drying of wastewater sludge and installation of paper shredder to reduce costs related to classified documents.
Denna fallstudie om avfallshanteringen på ett läkemedelsföretag undersöker den nuvarande situationen och potentiella förbättringsmöjligheter för framtida arbete beträffande mängd avfall som genereras, behandlingsmetoder och ekonomi. Projektets mål var att utvärdera alla avfallsströmmar från de dagliga aktiviteterna och identifiera potentiella områden för förbättring. Kemiskt/lösningsmedelavfall har inte undersökts på djupet på grund av komplexiteten att göra ändringar inom tillverkningsprocesserna. Projektavfall som genererats under rivning och byggande av externa entreprenörer har uteslutits eftersom det inte är en del av den dagliga verksamheten. Företaget har satt som mål att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser med 20% och avfall genererat med 15% och för att uppnå dessa mål har ”waste diagnostic” projektet inletts. Avfallsrapporter och guidade turer vid varje avdelning har sammanställts för att utvärdera och kartlägga alla avfallsströmmar på siten. Avfallshierarkin har använts som ett verktyg tillsammans med prestandamätningar för att utvärdera den aktuella situationen och med exempel från litteratur, andra siter och branscher har rekommendationer gjorts. Avfallshanteringshierarkin är ett verktyg som används för att prioritera avfallshantering för att uppnå en cirkulär ekonomi, med deponering i botten och minskning / återanvändning högst upp i hierarkin kan den aktuella statusen för ett företag bedömas och även vilka områden som måste förbättras för att nå högre upp i avfallshierarkin. Siten visar på en bra miljöprestanda idag och uppfyller de interna standarder som fastställts. Beräkningen av ”waste metric scoring” resulterar i ett värde, , på 464 vilket motsvarar nivån för energiåtervinning i avfallshanteringshierarkin. Ett ISO-certifikat garanterar kunder att en produkt eller tjänst uppfyller de standarder kunden har. Det finns ISO-standarder inom många olika områden och ISO 14001 är certifikatet för miljöledning som siten inte är certifierad med. Företaget följer de interna standarder som har satts men ett ISO-certifikat skulle resultera i ökad trovärdighet. Några av de identifierade rekommendationerna till företaget inkluderar ett kommunikationsprogram för avfallshantering för att engagera och utbilda anställda, återanvändning av engångspallar, torkning av slam och installation av dokumentförstörare för att minska kostnaderna kring sekretessbelagda dokument.

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Pongrácz, E. (Eva). "Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management:evolving the Theory of Waste Management." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514268210.

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Abstract In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this thesis explores the importance of the definition of waste and its impact on waste management, and the role of ownership in waste management. It is recognised that present legal waste definitions are ambiguous and do not really give an insight into the concept of waste. Moreover, despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, when according to present legislation a thing is assigned the label of a waste, it is going to be treated like waste, implicitly legislation thus amasses waste. The philosophical ramifications inherent in such definitions mean that they are not capable of constructing a system that, by its very nature, results in a sustainable waste management system. It is also a fact that, while there are numerous practices as to how to deal with a particular type of waste, there is no theory of waste management. In this thesis, waste as a concept is analysed from the point of view of why and when waste is created. Using the PSSP language, waste is classified based on the Purpose and Performance attributes. New, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management are offered, which explain why waste is created and intrinsically offer a solution to how the problem could be solved. Additional waste-related concepts are introduced, which are thought to have great potential for improvement on waste regulation. The concept of ownership is explained as rights and responsibilities of waste creators/owners: it is thus crucial to raising awareness about waste. Ownership in itself often dictates which waste management options are preferentially adopted by a given community. The role of legislation in producing monitoring systems for the transfer of ownership as well as abandonment of ownership is analysed. To avoid obstacles to resource conservation due to materials being considered waste, a definition for non-waste is introduced. The new agenda for waste management thus focuses upon the development of more appropriate, sustainable definitions so that what is now commonly perceived as being waste will in fact be increasingly seen as resource-rich, 'non-waste'. The role of waste management is explained as control of all waste-related activities, with the aim of preventing, minimising or utilising waste. The need for a theory of waste management is explained, and the first building blocks of the theory are proposed. This thesis is offered as the first step toward scientification of waste management.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Management of Medical Waste'

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