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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mandarin tones'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Wang, Rui. "Audiovisual perception of Mandarin lexical tones." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2018. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/31519/.

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It has been widely acknowledged that visual information from a talker’s face, mouth and lip movements plays an important role in speech perception of spoken languages. Visual information facilitates speech perception in audiovisual congruent condition and even alters speech perception in audiovisual incongruent condition. Audiovisual speech perception has been greatly researched in terms of consonants and vowels, and it has been thought that visual information from articulatory movements conveys phonetic information (e.g. place of articulation) that facilitates or changes speech perception. Ho

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2

Brenner, Daniel Scott. "The Phonetics of Mandarin Tones in Conversation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578721.

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Mandarin tone categories are universally thought to center on pitch information, but previous work (Berry, 2009; Brenner, 2013) has shown that pitch cues reduce in the conversational context, as do the other concurrent cues such as duration or intensity that secondarily signal tone categories. This dissertation presents two experiments (an isolated word perception experiment, and a dictation experiment) aimed at discovering how Mandarin listeners deal with these reduced cues under everyday conversational conditions. It is found that detailed spectral information is far more useful in the perce

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3

Ip, Kuen-hing. "A phonological analysis of Hong Kong Cantonese secondary students' errors in Putonghua tones." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40717239.

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4

Lei, Xin. "Modeling lexical tones for Mandarin large vocabulary continuous speech recognition /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6111.

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5

Zhang, Hang Smith Jennifer L. "A phonological study of second language acquisition of Mandarin Chinese tones." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1339.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Apr. 25, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Linguistics." Discipline: Linguistics; Department/School: Linguistics.

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6

Chang, Chiung-Yun. "Dialect Differences in the Production and perception of Mandarin Chinese Tones." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282159730.

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葉娟卿 and Kuen-hing Ip. "A phonological analysis of Hong Kong Cantonese secondary students' errors in Putonghua tones." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40717239.

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8

Quam, Carolyn, and Sarah C. Creel. "Mandarin-English Bilinguals Process Lexical Tones in Newly Learned Words in Accordance with the Language Context." PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622746.

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Previous research has mainly considered the impact of tone-language experience on ability to discriminate linguistic pitch, but proficient bilingual listening requires differential processing of sound variation in each language context. Here, we ask whether Mandarin-English bilinguals, for whom pitch indicates word distinctions in one language but not the other, can process pitch differently in a Mandarin context vs. an English context. Across three eye tracked word-learning experiments, results indicated that tone-intonation bilinguals process tone in accordance with the language context. In

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9

Yang, Bei. "A model of Mandarin tone categories--a study of perception and production." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/764.

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The current study lays the groundwork for a model of Mandarin tones based on both native speakers' and non-native speakers' perception and production. It demonstrates that there is variability in non-native speakers' tone productions and that there are differences in the perceptual boundaries in native speakers and non-native speakers. There are four experiments in this study. Experiment 1 utilizes native speakers' production data from a published speech database to explore the features of tone production by native speakers. Inter-speaker normalization is used to analyze the data. Experiment 2

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10

Wong, Patrick Chun Man. "Hemispheric specialization of the processing of linguistic pitch contrasts." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037024.

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11

陳達宗 and Tat-chung Chan. "Automatic labelling of mandarin." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31213959.

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Chan, Tat-chung. "Automatic labelling of mandarin /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18037306.

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13

Kuo, Y.-ching. "Cochlear implants in a tone language, Mandarin Chinese." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445193/.

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Cochlear implantation, as a means of restoring hearing to profoundly and totally deaf people, has now become a routine clinical procedure. Implant users can perform remarkably well in many aspects of speech perception. However, current implant devices do not provide all speech information equally well. One major limitation is in providing voice fundamental frequency (fO), known to be problematic even for non-tonal languages in which intonation plays an important role in speech communication. This causes even more difficulty in tonal languages, such as Mandarin Chinese or Thai, in which pitch v

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14

Zhou, Jin. "A study of speech errors in Mandarin Chinese." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295974.

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15

Zou, Yun. "Integrated vs independent processing of lexical tone and rime in mandarin sentence comprehension : an event-related potential study." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/715.

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Although tone plays an important role in Chinese speech perception, many issues regarding tone processing remained debatable. Among these issues, whether tone and segment are integrally or independently processed is the one that motivated this study. To investigate the integration vs. independence view of tone and segment (i.e., rime in this study) processing during Mandarin sentence comprehension, the present experiment adopted the violation paradigm and event- related potential (ERP) recording. Participants heard a series of sentences and judged whether each sentence made sense or not after

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Zhang, Jianxing, and 張建星. "Hearing aid low frequency cut: effect on Mandarin tone and simple vowel perception in listening conditions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29605192.

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17

Schellenberg, Murray Henry. "The realization of tone in singing in Cantonese and Mandarin." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43928.

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There are many ways that cultures with tone languages may deal with the interaction of linguistic tone and music. Contemporary vocal music in both Mandarin and Cantonese stems from a common source, a new style of Chinese music that developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but the two musics realize linguistic tone differently. This thesis examines experimentally the differences in the phonetic manifestation of tone in singing in both Cantonese and Mandarin as well as examining the comprehensibility of the sung words. One set of experiments asked native speakers to sing s

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18

Mar, Li-Ya. "covert contrast| The acquisition of Mandarin tone 2 and tone 3 in L2 production and perception." Thesis, The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10123605.

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<p> This dissertation investigates the occurrence of an intermediate stage, termed a covert contrast, in the acquisition of Mandarin Tone 2 (T2) and Tone 3 (T3) by adult speakers of American English. A covert contrast is a statistically reliable distinction produced by language learners that is not perceived by native speakers of the target language (TL). In second language (L2) acquisition, whether a learner is judged as having acquired a TL phonemic contrast has largely depended on whether the contrast was perceived and transcribed by native speakers of the TL. However, categorical perceptio

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Feng, Wei. "Third-tone sandhi in Mandarin Chinese: An experimentally based optimality theoretic account." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280276.

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It has long been observed in Mandarin Chinese that when two third tones are adjacent, the preceding third tone is realized as a second tone while the following one remains third tone. This is known as the Third Tone Sandhi Rule (TTSR). The application of TTSR in strings with more than two syllables also takes places, and is subject to the influence of syntax and semantics. The purpose of this study is to examine TTSR applications in both nonsense and meaningful strings. In the former case, this study aims to establish a purely phonological pattern for TTSR application. In the latter, this stud

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Chen, Mi-chi, and 陳米琪. "Prevocalic Aspiration and Mandarin Tones." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24695146226433821719.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>外國語文學系外國文學與語言學碩士班<br>99<br>The perturbation effect of prevocalic aspiration on fundamental frequency (F0) was investigated in Mandarin. Previous researches have shown conflicting results regarding the effect of aspiration on F0. The present study aims to develop a rigorous experimental design to test possible modulating factors which gave rise to the controversy. Forty minimal pairs contrasting in prevocalic aspiration across three places of articulation from 4 Mandarin tones were recorded in a carrier sentence. F0 of the following vowel was measured at the onset F0, normalized

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馮怡蓁. "What are Tones Really Like?-An Acoustic-based of Taiwan Mandarin Tones." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58790597205336410640.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>語言學研究所<br>85<br>This empirical study investigates the tonal representation by Chao (1956 & 1968) by using trisyllabic words. Three levels of tones are of interest: the intrinsic, the intonational, and the hierarchical. Inside each level, three parameters of tones are inspected, that is, pitch height, duration, and slope steepness. 　　In the intrinsic level, Taiwan Mandarin owns a different tonal system than what Chao has prescribed. Instead of having 55, 35, 214, and 51, the four tones are changed to 44, 323, 312, and 42. Evidently, pitch height and pitch range are lower and

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ZHENG, MU-HUO, and 鄭木火. "Four tones recognition of continuous Mandarin speech." Thesis, 1987. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61071210513490417979.

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LOAN, TRAN THI KIM, and 陳氏金鸞. "Error Analysis of Mandarin Tones from Vietnamese Learners." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56955955772354603131.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>華語文教學研究所<br>93<br>Mandarin tones are usually a difficult point for most Vietnamese learners. This is because their mother tongue is also a tonal language. Even though they don't need to build a tone concept, there is still a tonal foundation concept that does not represent Vietnamese learner's mistakes in using Mandarin tones. This study consists of a perceptual test and a pronunciation test administered among 18 Vietnamese learner's at the National Taiwan Normal University's Mandarin Teaching Center. The purpose is to identify their Mandarin tonal errors, and also to help re

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Wu, Xianghua. "(Non-)categorical perception of Mandarin tones: a comparison between speakers of tone and non-tone languages." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2088.

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This thesis examines the factors that affect categorical perception of Mandarin tones by English, Thai and Mandarin speakers. A pre-study and a main study were conducted. The pre-study was carried out to investigate the correspondence between Mandarin and Thai tones. The main study compared the categorization of two Mandarin tone contrasts, one between the high level tone (T1) and falling tone (T4), and the other between the rising tone (T2) and falling-rising tone (T3). The results suggest that linguistic experience, natural auditory sensitivity and perceptual training all affect Mandarin ton

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"Analysis and automatic recognition of tones in Mandarin Chinese." THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 2008. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3287100.

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姜瑞涵. "A Study on Mandarin Disyllabic Tones of German learners." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50882623943777729301.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>華語文教學研究所<br>100<br>German is a nontonal language, thus Mandarin tones are one of learner’s difficulties（Guder, 2011）. There is a great deal of literature on monosyllabic tones, however, disyllabic words not only has the highest percentage in modern Mandarin than others（Wu, 2003）, but also contain the basic tone patterns（Zhu, 1997）.In addition, some researchers have identified that L1 stress patterns transfer to L2 learning of Mandarin disyllabic tones（Wu, 2009）. Therefore, in order to fill this gap in the study of Mandarin tones of German learners, the specific aims in this p

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ChangLiao, I. "A Study of the Influences of Emotion on Mandarin Tones." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-0208200518355900.

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ChangLiao, I., and 張廖宜. "A Study of the Influences of Emotion on Mandarin Tones." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97154988386580336407.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>語言學研究所<br>93<br>This study is focused on the interaction between emotion and Mandarin tones, which is rarely investigated in previous research. To get qualified data, well-trained voice performers were asked to utter monosyllabic Chinese words with different kinds of emotion. Parameters adopted in this research are pitch, intensity and duration. According to our data, it is found that Tone 1 and Tone 3 change their pitch direction to reflect speaker’s emotional state while Tone 2 and Tone 4 do not. However, the pitch directions of Tone 1 and Tone 3 are not randomly modified. Th

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劉又慎. "Categorical assimilation of Cantonese tones by native speakers of Mandarin." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93069116662125514719.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>英語學系<br>101<br>The present study is a cross-language study on the non-native tonal experience of native speakers of Mandarin in the initial stage. The study takes possible dialectal influences into account and recruits speakers of two varieties of Mandarin, Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin, to conduct a two-way investigation into how subjects of both groups perceive and produce the non-native Cantonese tones, and how they interpret their own native tone categories during the categorical assimilation of non-native tones. A series of three tasks, Labeling, Identification, and Voca

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Cheng, Ling-Yueh, and 鄭詅月. "The Perception and Production of Mandarin Tones by L2 learners." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18831149626084443071.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>外國語文學系外國文學與語言學碩士班<br>102<br>The present study uses disyllabic words to examine the effects of tone, syllable position, and syllable structure on Mandarin tonal perception and production of L2 learners. In perception experiment, subjects identifying auditory tonal stimuli using Mandarin tonal labels. The results of perception experiment showed that L2 learners had significant difficulty in identifying tone 3 and tone 2 while tone 1 and tone 4 showed high accuracy rate. The analysis of tonal context, in first syllable position, acoustic variations of tonal contexts had significan

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Horng, Yang Wen, and 楊文宏. "An Approach to Designing Algorithms to Recognize Tones in Mandarin." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74593757839260533058.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊科學系<br>87<br>The Chinese language is a tonal language. The accuracy rate of a Chinese speech recognition system will be affected directly by the accuracy rate of its tone recognition algorithm. The recognition problem of tones deserves a closer look if we want to build a highly reliable Chinese speech recognition system. In this thesis, we studied the tone recognition problem in Mandarin. We have designed four features to distinguish the tones. We have also developed three major ways to classify tones. We have performed experiments to test the classification method

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Huang, Ya-Ching, and 黃雅菁. "Correcting Errors of Tone 1 and Tone 4 for Vietnamese Learners: Design of Online Learning Materials for Mandarin Tones." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7krbwa.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>華語教學碩士學位學程<br>106<br>The confusion between Tone 1 (Yin Ping) and Tone 4 (Qu Sheng) in Mandarin is typical and persistent among Vietnamese learners of Mandarin. Existing research, when probing for the causes of this phenomenon, does not take into account the impact of Vietnamese Tone ngang’s variations on the perception of Tone 1 and Tone 4. This paper aims to analyse the patterns and causes of Vietnamese learners’ tone errors and, with the findings as basis, design learning materials, whose effectiveness is to be verified by an experiment. These materials are meant to be availa

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Chen, Ying-Yu, and 陳盈裕. "The Relative Pitch of Tones Inside Disyllabic Words in Mandarin Speech." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04867120773296239641.

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碩士<br>國立政治大學<br>英國語文學系<br>85<br>The present study is a small step toward a thorough understanding of the prosodic nature of the Mandarin spoken in Taiwan. Specifically, this study focuses on one prosodic property of lexical tones in natural spontaneous speech: the relative pitch between two neighboring tones. The relative pitch is defined as the pitch change from one tone to another. Generally, the relative pitch can be rising, level, or falling. 　　This study has chosen disyllabic words as the basic units of observation. The language data are public speeches of two speakers, one male and one f

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Sun, Shih-yan, and 孫世諺. "A Study on Scoring Methods for Mandarin Tones Uttered in Disyllabic Words." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33517904789531637001.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>資訊工程系<br>94<br>In this thesis, we study to develop practical scoring methods for Mandarin tones uttered in disyllabic words. The process of scoring is divided into two stages. In the first stage, pitch contour in a utterance is analyzed, and duration and pitch-height are then normalized in order to extract the needed feature parameters. In the second stage, scoring modules are executed to determine scores. We have studied two types of scoring systems, i.e., artificial neural network (ANN) based and statistics based. The range of scores is defined here as from 1 to 5 points. T

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Huang, Fei-Hsuan, and 黃斐瑄. "Acquisition of Mandarin Tones by Japanese learners: Evidence from Chinese-Japanese Homographs." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50597197281342463710.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>華語教學碩士學位學程<br>104<br>The past two decades have witnessed a substantial increase of learning Chinese as a second language worldwide, and numerous studies have been conducted to understand the mechanism of Mandarin tonal acquisition by foreign language learners. While extant studies on the acquisition of Mandarin tones predominantly focused on production and perception, few studies have been conducted to untie the effect of L1 prosodic patterns on the acquisition of Mandarin tones. To remedy this gap, the present research aimed at examining potential L1 positive transfer of Japan

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Chang, Yu-Hao, and 張育昊. "Using the method of local mean to recognize Mandarin vowel without tones." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39729764343821754808.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>統計學研究所<br>105<br>The aim of this paper is to discuss the recognition of mandarin vowel using 1391 mandarin consonant words by different speakers. The recognition process can mainly separate into three parts. First, we make the vocal data doing fore-process, analog signal to digital signal、normallize、endpoint detecting、frame cutting、pre-emphasis and windowing. Second, we use discrete Fourier transform、triangular bandpass filters、frequency range、log energy、discrete cosine transform to get the Mel-scale frequency cepstral coefficients(MFCC). Third, we use KNN、K-means and improved

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CHEN, YOU-DIAN, and 陳宥佃. "Perceptual and Production Studies of Tones in Mandarin by Young Jewish Learners." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7u488g.

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碩士<br>國立新竹教育大學<br>中國語文學系碩士班<br>105<br>The present study explored the Taiwanese Mandarin tonal perception and production of three young native Hebrew speakers. The experimental design of the study, with 24 monosyllable phrases as the test material, consisted of an auditory perception test and an oral production test, each with a corpus containing 144 samples. The samples totaled 288. Study results showed that subjects had the best Mandarin tone auditory perception for T1, and that they were still in the acquisition stage in T2, T3, and T4. The perception result revealed that C1 in T4, C3 in T2,

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WU, TZUNG-JUEI, and 吳宗叡. "Mandarin Pronunciation Variation Modeling and Considerations for Tones Based on Broadcast News." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47152727008197538232.

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Chih-HsunLin and 林志勳. "The Effectiveness of Perceptual Training on Taiwanese First-Graders’ Identification of Mandarin Tones." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44890758080478231147.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>外國語文學系在職專班<br>100<br>To many native Mandarin Chinese speaking children, discriminating between Tone 2 and Tone 3 poses a major problem. Perceptual training has been shown to be effective in nonnative speakers’ identification of Mandarin tones. Since some common mechanisms exist in native and nonnative speakers’ language learning, this present study investigates the efficacy of perceptual training in the native children’s identification of Mandarin tones. Two classes of first graders were assigned to either an experimental or a control group, and received a pretest, an initial,

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Chao, Yu-Ling, and 趙育綾. "A study of perception and production of mandarin tones by hearing-impaired children." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94799695536219324993.

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Hung, Andrew C. J., and 洪鐘儒. "Perception of Tones for Mandarin Speakers: Evidence from Behavioral and Brain fMRI Experiments." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/npe228.

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博士<br>國立成功大學<br>外國語文學系<br>105<br>The dissertation presents two studies on the perception of fundamental frequency (F0) contours of Mandarin tones by native speakers of Mandarin Chinese. One study measures the subjects’ behavioral responses, including latency and accuracy, and the other uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methodology to investigate the association of specific brain regions with the perception of Mandarin tones. The behavioral study adopted a 2x2x2 factorial design to investigate the effects of linguistic context (sinewave pitches vs. lexical tones), and F0 contour

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Li, Si-en, and 李思恩. "The Interaction between Melodies and Tones of the Lyrics in Mandarin Folk Songs." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94044305899256549486.

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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>英語學系<br>91<br>Abstracts This thesis investigated the interaction between melodies and tones of the lyrics in Mandarin folk songs. Chinese languages, as tone languages, utilize tones to contrast meanings at lexical level. Take Mandarin Chinese as example: A syllable read with different tones will have different meaning, i.e. when ma is read as Yin-Ping (a high level tone), it means “mother”; when ma read as Yang-Ping (a rising tone), it means “hemp”; when ma read as Shang-Sheng (a falling-rising tone), it means “horse”; when ma read as Qu-Sheng (a falling tone

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Cheng, Cheng. "Can visual feedback improve English speakers' Mandarin tone production?" Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27056.

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Non-native tones are considered challenging for adult second language speakers to perceive and produce. The current study examined the effect of a laboratory-based intensive training in improving American English speakers’ tone production. Participants’ task was to repeat Mandarin words after the model. There were two conditions in the experiment: in one condition, participants did not get any external feedback; whereas in the other condition, participants received detailed visual feedback, which was the pitch contour of their tone production alongside the native version. Eight participants co

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LI, CHIACHIEN, and 李佳倩. "Error Analysis and Remedial Instruction of Chinese Tones --- A study on American Learners of Mandarin." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33899252934433241267.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>華語文教學研究所<br>98<br>Motivation: As the Chinese tones of many American learners seriously affect their accent, and even affect their communication, the researcher decided to do research to understand the learners’ tone errors and gave them short-term remedial teaching to help them correct their tones. Method: The main research method used was “Action Research.” According to the research steps, the research was done through observation, data collection, data analysis, interviews, etc. to understand the learners’ tone errors. Results: 1. Understood the American learners’ Chines

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Wang, Li-Hsueh, and 王麗雪. "A study of the perception and production of tones in Mandarin speaking hearing-impaired children." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26486775962837037080.

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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>語言學研究所<br>93<br>This study investigates the relation between tone perception and tone production in hearing-impaired children. In addition, it examines if hearing-impaired children are different from normal hearing children in perceiving and producing tones. Three experimental tasks: a tone perception task, a tone production task, and a supra-segmental perception task, are employed. Ten normal hearing children and 20 hearing-impaired children are tested. The results showed that no particular relation between tone perception and tone production in hearing-impaired children can

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Hsia, Ai-Wen, and 夏艾雯. "Training Non-tonal Speakers in the Perception and Production of Mandarin Tones in Disyllabic Words." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78497083861921181990.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>英語學系<br>98<br>This thesis aims to address the theoretical, methodological, and pedagogical issues of tonal acquisition in a second language (L2). The present study investigated the effects of three training approaches on the perceptual and production learning of the four Mandarin lexical tones by groups of non-tonal beginning learners. The experiment employed a pretest-posttest paradigm. Fifteen non-tonal learners of Mandarin Chinese in Taiwan received two weeks of training as extracurricular activities. Based on learners’ choices, one group (the A Group, n=5) received pe

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林郡儀. "Acoustic realization of consonants, vowels and tones in Mandarin by 4-year-old Shanghainese children." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67446734168133601559.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>外國語文學系外國文學與語言學碩士班<br>99<br>This study examined the phonetic realization of 4-year-old Shanghainese children in Mandarin tones, consonants and vowels and the possible effect of their first language (Shanghainese) on their second language (Mandarin). 80 target words contain each segment, major word structure at least twice in different words and tone sequences at least once. The production data were transcribed as misarticulated or not by one experimenter and the acoustic analysis was further conducted to make sure that the subjects read the target words. Results of transcription

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Li, Chia-Jou, and 李佳柔. "The effect of the CAI and traditional instruction methods for learing mandarin tones by foreihners." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92908401245216133460.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣海洋大學<br>教育研究所<br>95<br>This study is to explore the effect of the Computer Assisted Instruction and traditional instruction methods for learning Mandarin tones by foreigners. Four foreigners between 28 to 61 years from Japan（one male and two females） and Guatemala（female） were selected as the sample and were divided into two groups. The procedures were divided into two stages. One stage is to teach Mandarin tone1 and tone4 and the other is to teach tone2 and tone3. Each stage was 10 sessions within 5 weeks for each groups and each session was 40 minutes. The instruments are Mandarin

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Chang, Shu-Pin, and 張淑品. "Acoustic Analysis on Mandarin Vowels and Tones by Severely Hearing-Impaired and Normal Hearing Students." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51791947662374296862.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>特殊教育研究所<br>87<br>The purpose of this study was to make an acoustic analysis on articulatory characteristics of Mandarin vowels and tones spoken by severely hearing-impaired junior high students, as compared with that of normal hearing students. The speech samples were five Mandarin vowels (/i u y a r /) and four tones, as they occur in citation forms of monosyllabic morphemes in a controlled environment. The subjects were divided into two groups: severely hearing-impaired and normal hearing speakers, with each group 5 males and 5 females. Acoustic analysis of the frequencies

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Cheng, Ying-Ying, and 鄭盈吟. "Development of Mismatch Responses to Mandarin Lexical Tones, Vowels and Initial Consonants in Early Infancy." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/238hb7.

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博士<br>國立陽明大學<br>神經科學研究所<br>105<br>The aim of this dissertation is to explore the development of neurophysiological index to Mandarin speech perception in early infancy. Mismatch negativity (MMN), which is an ERP component index automatic auditory change detection, has been widely used for investigating infants’ speech perception. Moreover, positive mismatch response (P-MMR) has also been observed in infancy, especially at younger age and for more difficult contrast. P-MMR is suggested to index less mature brain response to incoming changes. Previous studies in 4- to 6-year-old Mandarin speakin

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