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Journal articles on the topic 'Mande languages'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Pozdniakov, Konstantin. "Notes on regular polysemy and homonymy (Mande languages)." Language in Africa 1, no. 4 (2020): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-4-69-84.

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Based on Mande languages as an example, the article examines the possibilities of using regular polysemy and regular homonymy for solving problems of comparative studies and semantic typology. Three cases are investigated. Regular polysemy noted only in Mande languages can be used for semantic reconstruction of Proto-Mande. Regular homonymy, noted only in the Mande languages, makes it possible to distinguish phonetically similar roots of Proto-Mande. Regular homonymy, noted not only in the Mande languages, but also in other branches of the Niger-Congo, makes it possible to discover regular pho

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2

Creissels, Denis. "Predicative possession in Mande languages." Mandenkan 72 (2025): 45–80. https://doi.org/10.4000/13ewl.

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This article discusses the typology of predicative possession in Mande languages and compares the diversity observed in this domain across the Mande language family with that observed elsewhere in the world, in particular in the language families of West Africa that are in contact with the Mande family. Of the two major types of possessive clauses that have been identified in the world’s languages, possessive clauses that can be rendered literally as ‘In.the.sphere.of Possessor (is) Possessee’ are by far the most widespread type in the Mande language family, whereas possessive clauses projecte

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3

Khachaturyan, Maria. "Inclusory pronouns in Mande: The emergence of a typological rarum." Folia Linguistica 53, no. 1 (2019): 87–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2019-2005.

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Abstract This paper reviews inclusory constructions and pronouns in the Mande language family and proposes a diachronic account of their development. Inclusory constructions, which are found in several Mande languages, are a type of conjunction strategy where the whole set of participants – the superset – and a subset of participants are expressed, as in Dan-Gwetaa yāā Gbȁtȍ ‘Gbato and I’, lit. ‘we Gbato’. In a number of Southern and Southwestern Mande languages, inclusory constructions are typologically unique, as they feature a separate series of inclusory pronouns, which are used exclusivel

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4

Konoshenko, Maria. "Tones and paradigms: a study of grammatical tones in Mande verbal inflection." Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 43, no. 2 (2022): 165–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jall-2022-8900.

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Abstract This paper explores how grammatical tones (GTs) are organized into inflectional paradigms in a sample of 20 Mande languages (Niger-Congo), where tonal morphology plays a central role in the expression of TAMP meanings. Adopting the Canonical Typology approach, I assess the degree of canonicity in Mande GTs based on their formal and semantic properties. I show that verbal grammatical tones are mainly realized as replacive in Mande; they are independent from segmental morphemes and may be strongly influenced by surface phonology. Verbal GTs tend to be used in idiosyncratic sets of TAMP

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Zheltov, Alexander. "Incorporation and “formal incorporation” in analytic languages: Mande languages and typology of incorporation." Language in Africa 1, no. 4 (2020): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-4-98-114.

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Although the Mande languages are usually characterized as analytic, they demonstrate a broader spectrum of typological features. For instance, Gban (South Mande) was analyzed as having evident infl ective elements. This paper concerns the phenomenon of incorporation observed in some Mande languages (Mandinka, Tigemaxo, Soninke). It also attempts at attracting attention to the interpretation of some facts which do not suit the defi nition of incorporation but demonstrate some phenomena, to a certain extent, similar to incorporation (Gban, South Mande). The author (very tentatively) uses the ter

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6

Idiatov, Dmitry. "Person–number agreement on clause linking markers in Mande." Studies in Language 34, no. 4 (2010): 832–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.34.4.03idi.

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Several Mande languages, viz. Jula of Samatiguila, Ko Mende, Jowulu, Yaba Southern San, and Tura, have person–number agreement on clause linking markers whose primary function, etymologically and often also synchronically, is to introduce reported discourse. Interestingly, in some of these languages the controller is not necessarily the subject of the main clause. This kind of agreement, which as such is already typologically unusual, is even more remarkable in Mande, since Mande languages have very little morphosyntactic agreement of any kind. I argue that agreement on clause linking markers

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7

Creissels, Denis. "The detransitivizing suffix -i and the reconstruction of Pre-Proto-Mande constituent order." Language in Africa 1, no. 4 (2020): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-4-85-97.

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The uniformity and total rigidity of the SOVX constituent order across Mande languages constitutes a typological oddity, which led several scholars to discuss the possibility of analyzing it as historically derived from a typologically more common constituent order. In this article, I show that the hypothesis of a historical link between a detransitivizing suffix -i found in some West Mande languages and a reflexive pronoun reconstructable as í has implications for the reconstruction of Pre-Proto-Mande constituent order.

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8

Oyler, Dianne White. "The N'ko Alphabet as a Vehicle of Indigenist Historiography." History in Africa 24 (January 1997): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172028.

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The N'ko alphabet made its first appearance in Bingerville, Côte d'Ivoire, on 14 April 1949? The invention of Souleymane Kanté of Kankan, Republic of Guinea, this alphabet constituted an attempt to provide a truly indigenous written form for Mande languages. Since its invention, a grassroots movement promoting literacy in the N'ko alphabet has spread across West Africa from the Gambia to Nigeria. A significant number of the speakers of Mande languages in Francophone as well as Anglophone West Africa have learned the N'ko alphabet, even though their governments use French or English as official

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9

Khachaturyan, Maria. "Bridging caught in a crossfire: The marker of situated definiteness in Mano and language contact." Language in Africa 1, no. 4 (2020): 158–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-4-158-182.

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In this article, I review the basic semantic functions of the determiner à in the South Mande language Mano, which is used to mark situated definiteness: most prominently, bridging and anaphora. The marker derives from the 3sg pronoun. Similar markers are also used in a number of other South Mande languages, including Kla-Dan, Dan-Gweetaa, Guro, Tura and Gban. In Mano, as well as in the former four languages the head noun takes an optional low-tone head marking, which is more frequent in Mano than in other languages. I argue that the increased frequency of use of the marking is influenced by c

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10

Perekhvalskaya, Elena. "Caritive constructions in Mwan." Language in Africa 3, no. 2 (2022): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2022-3-2-181-195.

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The paper deals with strategies for expressing caritive meanings in Mwan (Niger-Congo < Mande < South Mande). The difference between the strategies used in Mwan and in some other languages of the same family (Gban, Looma, Bambara) is discussed. Conclusions are made about the grammaticalization of constructions with the suffix -kle and the postposition blaan into specialized caritive means.

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11

Singler, John Victor. "Phonology in the basilect the fate of final consonants in Liberian Interior English." Studies in African Linguistics 22, no. 1 (1991): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v22i1.107429.

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Pidginized Liberian Interior English (LIE) has English as its lexifier language and Mande languages as its substrate. Broadly speaking, this means that LIE takes its lexicon from English and its phonology from Mande. However, the structure of English words clashes with Mande syllable structure conditions, particularly with regard to word-final consonants. To resolve this conflict, LIE has in some cases restructured the English words and in others created phonological rules to make underlying English forms more Mande-like on the surface. These rules include paragoge (for verbs only), resyllabif

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12

Idiatov, Dmitry. "Perfective marking conditioned by transitivity status in Western Mande." Diachronica 37, no. 1 (2020): 43–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.18050.idi.

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Abstract This paper provides a diachronic construction-based explanation of the differential perfective marking conditioned by transitivity status in Western Mande languages, using the Greater Manding group as an exemplar case. This typologically unusual phenomenon has previously been erroneously cast in terms of case alignment, either synchronically (in terms of bidirectional case markers) or historically (in terms of an earlier split-ergative stage). The central insight of my explanation is that the Positive Perfective constructions of the Western Mande languages are multiple-source construc

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Nikitina, Tatiana. "Diminutives derived from terms for children: Comparative evidence from Southeastern Mande." Linguistics 57, no. 1 (2019): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2018-0029.

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Abstract The study addresses the relationship between diachronic change and synchronic polysemy based on the use of diminutives in four closely related Southeastern Mande languages. It explores the synchronic patterns of use of cognate diminutive markers deriving from the word ‘child’, and accounts for differences between the languages in terms of a Radial Category network, which is designed to capture in one representation both mechanisms of diachronic change and mechanisms of regular meaning extension. The study argues that the same approach can be used to account for the ways diminutive mar

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Sumbatova, Nina, and Valentin Vydrin. "N-initial nouns in Landuma and their counterparts in Mande." Journal of Language Relationship 19, no. 1-2 (2021): 136–51. https://doi.org/10.31826/jlr-2021-191-212.

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Abstract This paper describes a group of kin terms in Landuma (a Mel language spoken in northwestern Guinea) which have a non-standard phonological structure: they begin with the consonant cluster NC. It is shown that the anomalous properties of these nouns can be explained via their origin: all of them are borrowed from Mande. In Western Mande languages, nouns for elder kin are also anomalous in that they are often unable to adjoin a definite or referential article. It has been suggested previously that this anomaly could be explained by the presence of an archaic nasal prefix, a grammatical

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15

Nikitina, Tatiana. "Missionary descriptions of Mande languages: verbal morphology in 19th century grammars." Faits de Langues 50, no. 2 (2020): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05002006.

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Abstract In spite of the prominent role of missionary linguists in shaping the field of modern African linguistics, the approaches adopted in their early grammar descriptions remain virtually unstudied, just as the descriptions themselves are largely ignored by modern linguists. This study explores the ways two 19th century missionary grammarians, R. Maxwell MacBrair and John Kemp, approached the task of describing verbal morphology of two languages from the Mande family, Mandinka and Susu. I discuss important differences between their approach and the one that has become prevalent in modern d

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16

Arkadiev, Peter. "Vydrin, Valentin F., Yulia V. Mazurova, Andrej A. Kibrik and Elena B. Markus: Jazyki mira. Jazyki mande [Languages of the World. The Mande Languages]." Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 40, no. 1 (2019): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jall-2019-0006.

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17

Vydrina, Alexandra. "Operator focus in discourse and grammar: The two perfectives in Kakabe." Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 41, no. 1 (2020): 99–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jall-2020-2005.

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AbstractThis study investigates how focus on a TAM and polarity value, known in the literature as operator (Dik 1989, Watters 2010) or auxiliary focus (Hyman & Watters 1984), is manifested in natural speech in Kakabe, a Mande language. I show that the opposition between the two perfective auxiliaries attested in Kakabe is best analyzed in terms of operator focus and therefore extend this notion to Mande languages for the first time. This study analyzes operator focus on the perfective in natural speech. It leads to the discovery of new contexts relevant for the description of focused perfe

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18

Creissels, Denis. "A typological rarum in Mande languages: Argument-predicate reversal in nominal predication." Mandenkan, no. 68 (December 17, 2022): 3–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mandenkan.2780.

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19

Ogorodnikova, Darya. "ʿAjamī Annotations in Multilingual Manuscripts from Mande Speaking Areas: Visual and Linguistic Features". Islamic Africa 8, № 1-2 (2017): 111–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00801006.

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The article describes and analyse the paratextual elements (annotations) in Soninke and Manding languages in the manuscripts from modern-day Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali and Burkina Faso. It focuses on specific layout of the annotations in relation to the main text, the linking and tagging/labelling techniques applied to connect them to the source text, their linguistic features and other peculiarities.

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20

Smith, Jason D. "On the Absence of Certain Island Effects in Mende." Languages 9, no. 4 (2024): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages9040131.

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The distinction between weak and strong islands has been extensively explored in the literature from both a descriptive and analytical perspective. In this paper, I document and analyze island constructions and constraints in Mende, an understudied Mande language spoken in Sierra Leone. Mende has both weak islands (left branch and wh-islands) and strong islands (adjunct clauses, sentential subjects, and coordinate structures). Intriguingly, it has a third class of islands, that I call mixed islands which show a subject–non-subject asymmetry in allowing for movement out of relative clauses, onl

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21

Vydrin, Valentin. "Ergative/Absolutive and Active/Stative alignment in West Africa." Studies in Language 35, no. 2 (2011): 409–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.35.2.06vyd.

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It is usually believed that non-accusative alignment systems are very rare in Africa. A thorough study of the verbal systems of the Southwestern Mande languages (Looma, Mende, Kpelle) has shown that this group is an exception. The Ergative/Absolutive types of argument coding and semantic alignment are observed in these languages mainly in the personal marking on the verbs. In the Liberian dialects of Looma, only stative verbs (belonging to a closed class) show non-accusative encoding, which can be interpreted as an S-split. In Mende, an Active/Stative type of argument indexing is attested on t

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22

Hantgan, Abbie. "Layers of Lexical Borrowing in Long-Term Contact Rooted among Ancient Crops from Mali’s Bandiagara Region." Journal of Language Contact 16, no. 4 (2024): 494–564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01604003.

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Abstract In this research, the People and Plants method illuminates language interactions in Eastern Mali’s Bandiagara Region. Home to six linguistic groups, the Bandiagara Escarpment has sheltered two populations for at least 800 years, though their pre-cliff origins are unclear. Historical empires might have driven them to this defensible terrain, with fertile lands anchoring them. Notably, evidence points to early pearl millet domestication not far from here, a Sahelian staple, around 5,000 years ago. Examining current plant-related lexemes across local languages and contrasting with distan

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23

Green, Kathryn L. "“Mande Kaba,” the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?" History in Africa 18 (1991): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172058.

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Historians who work in certain diaspora areas of the Mande people are frequently told by Mandekan speakers that their ancestors came from “Mande Kaba” (Kaaba). When reporting this, they usually then proceed to explain that Kaba is the Mande term for the French-named town of Kangaba, capital of the Mali empire. However, in my work on the precolonial state of Kong in northeastern Côte d'Ivoire, it became important to question exactly what this phrase means in the context of oral traditions and chronology.The hypothesis equating Kaba, Kangaba, and the capital of the Mali empire dates back in prin

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Idiatov, Dmitry. "Clause-final negative markers in Bobo and Samogo." Journal of Historical Linguistics 5, no. 2 (2015): 235–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.5.2.02idi.

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As many other languages of northern sub-Saharan Africa, almost all Bobo and Samogo languages (two distantly related Mande groups) exhibit prominently clause-final negative markers (CFNMs), a cross-linguistically uncommon property. Unlike negators in other parts of the world, CFNMs in the area prove to be rather unstable diachronically and relatively easy to borrow, similar to discourse markers, focus particles and phasal adverbs, with which they also happen to share peculiarities of morphosyntax and paths of historical development. This article first provides an exhaustive overview of the data

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Rovenchak, Andrij. "A Quantitative Analysis of Writing Systems: The N’ko Alphabet." Ukraina Moderna 27, no. 27 (2019): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/uam.2019.27.1066.

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The region of West Africa is of interest for the study of the origin and development of writing because a number of scripts were created there for several local languages during the 19th and 20th centuries, especially for the Mande family (the Vai, Mende, Kpelle, Looma, and Bamana syllabaries). In 1949 the Guinean enlightener Soulemayne Kanté developed the N’Ko alphabet for the Manding (Manden) languages, which belong to the Mande family and include, in particular, Bamana (Bambara), Jula (Dyula, Dioula), and Maninka. The name “N’Ko” originates from the phrase N ko ‘I say’ in Manding languages.

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Vydrin, V. F. "Russian linguistic field trips to Côte d’Ivoire and orthography reforms in the south mande languages." Kunstkamera 6, no. 4 (2019): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/2618-8619-2019-4(6)-107-121.

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27

Creissels, Denis. "The grammaticalization path DEICTIC SPATIAL ADVERB > ADPOSITION." Cuadernos de Lingüística de El Colegio de México 10 (December 1, 2023): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/clecm.v10i00.269.

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In addition to the grammaticalization of nouns and verbs into adpositions, which has been widely discussed in the grammaticalization literature, this paper identifies and describes a much less well known grammaticalization path, by which deictic spatial adverbs (i.e., words such as English here or there) are converted into adpositions. Based on data from two sub-Saharan languages (Tswana, Bantu and Jóola Fóoñi, Atlantic), this study proposes that in this grammaticalization process, the source construction is the LOCATIVE APPOSITION CONSTRUCTION, defined as a construction consisting of the j

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Перехвальская, Елена Всеволодовна, and Валентин Феодосьевич Выдрин. "QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF TONAL SYSTEMS: TONAL DENSITY INDEX." Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology, no. 1(35) (April 25, 2022): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6119-2022-1-33-45.

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Тональные языки могут значительно различаться по тому, какую функциональную нагрузку несёт тон. Карлос Гуссенховен предложил ввести понятие тональной плотности языка, однако до сих пор не предпринималось попыток сделать это понятие практически применимым.В статье предлагается методика определения индекса тональной плотности (ИТП) языков. ИТП понимается как отношение числа тонем или маркированных тонов к числу сегментных единиц в тексте некоторой протяжённости. Ключевыми понятиями при этом являются:— тонема — тональный контур, который задействован в выражении лексического или грамматического зн

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Nikitina, Tatiana. "At the intersection of synchrony and diachrony: A phonotactic analysis of the lexicon of Wan." Language in Africa 3, no. 2 (2022): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2022-3-2-196-211.

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This study explores the phonotactics of Wan (Mande, Côte d’Ivoire) using an extended version of the lexical statistical method introduced in Pozdniakov & Segerer (2007). A lexical dataset was prepared for analysis based on nouns and verbs extracted from a dictionary. Disyllabic nouns and verbs were analyzed for correlations between the initial and the intervocalic consonant and for correlations between the two vowels. The analysis has confirmed the Similar Place Avoidance generalization proposed as a universal by Pozdniakov & Segerer. It has also revealed significant correlations betwe

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Konoshenko, Maria. "Good nouns, naughty verbs: How French borrowings receive grammatical tones in Guinean Kpelle." Language in Africa 1, no. 4 (2020): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-4-131-145.

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The paper discusses how modern French loan nouns and verbs are morphophonologically adapted into Guinean Kpelle (Southwestern Mande), with a special focus on tone. To date, studies of prosodic loanword adaption from stress to tone languages have mainly focused on lexical tone assignment, largely neglecting other phenomena. This study contributes to the discussion by describing primary tone assignment of French loanwords in Guinean Kpelle, and, crucially, by exploring how loan words behave with respect to other complex morphophonological phenomena, mainly, prefixal and replacive grammatical ton

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Kriger, Colleen. ""THE IMPORTANCE OF MANDE TEXTILES IN THE AFRICAN SIDE OF THE ATLANTIC TRADE, CA. 1680-1710"." Mande Studies 11, no. 1 (2009): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/mnd.2009.a873558.

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Abstract: Production and trade of cotton textiles in West Africa go back at least a millennium, creating a 'cotton culture' that spawned centers producing cottons for export. This article focuses on a number of such centers that were located in the hinterlands of Senegambia and the Southern Rivers regions of the Upper Guinea Coast in the seventeenth century. Speakers of Mande languages were among the producers and traders of these textiles, which Europeans recognized as items that were essential in the coastal and trans-Atlantic trade. Archival sources documenting this trade reveal some of the

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McPherson, Laura. "Seenku." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 50, no. 2 (2019): 220–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100318000312.

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Seenku (ISO 639-3: sos) is a Western Mande language of the Samogo group, whose other members include languages like Dzùùngoo (Solomiac 2014), Jowulu (Djilla, Eenkhoorn & Eenkhoorn-Pilon 2004), and Duungooma (Hochstetler 1996), spoken on either side of the Mali-Burkina Faso border. The endonymic language name Seenku [sɛ̃́ː-kû] (also spelled on Ethnologue as Seeku) literally means ‘thing of the Sɛ̃ː ethnicity’, but it is widely known to outsiders as Sembla (variant spelling Sambla), which doubles as an exonym for the ethnicity. Seenku has two primary dialects, Northern and Southern, spoken

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Hantgan, Abbie, Hiba Babiker, and Johann-Mattis List. "First steps towards the detection of contact layers in Bangime: a multi-disciplinary, computer-assisted approach." Open Research Europe 2 (April 22, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14339.2.

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Bangime is a language isolate, which has not been proven to be genealogically related to any other language family, spoken in Central-Eastern Mali. Its speakers, the Bangande, claim affiliation with the Dogon languages and speakers that surround them throughout a cliff range known as the Bandiagara Escarpment. However, recent genetic research has shown that the Bangande are genetically distant from the Dogon and other groups. Furthermore, the Bangande people represent a genetic isolate. Despite the geographic isolation of the Bangande people, evidence of language contact is apparent in the Ban

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Hantgan, Abbie, Hiba Babiker, and Johann-Mattis List. "First steps towards the detection of contact layers in Bangime: a multi-disciplinary, computer-assisted approach." Open Research Europe 2 (January 21, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14339.1.

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Bangime is a language isolate, which has not been proven to be genealogically related to any other language family, spoken in Central-Eastern Mali. Its speakers, the Bangande, claim affiliation with the Dogon languages and speakers that surround them throughout a cliff range known as the Bandiagara Escarpment. However, recent genetic research has shown that the Bangande are genetically distant from the Dogon and other groups. Furthermore, the Bangande people represent a genetic isolate. Despite the geographic isolation of the Bangande people, evidence of language contact is apparent in the Ban

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Sugimoto, Yushi, and Marlyse Baptista. "A Late-Insertion-Based Exoskeletal Approach to the Hybrid Nature of Functional Features in Creole Languages." Languages 7, no. 2 (2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7020092.

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The goal of this paper is to further our understanding of the nature of functional features in Creoles while focusing on how the functional exponent is morphologically realized, assuming a late-insertion-based exoskeletal model in the language mixing scholarly literature. In language mixing, it is observed that words are mixed within a certain syntactic domain (e.g., DP-NP, VoiceP/vP-TP, etc.). For example, in the nominal domain, a determiner D may be from one language, and N (or a stem, e.g., root + categorizer) may originate from another language. Grimstad and Riksem propose that the functio

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Nikitina, Tatiana, and Anna Bugaeva. "Logophoric speech is not indirect: towards a syntactic approach to reported speech constructions." Linguistics 59, no. 3 (2021): 609–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2021-0067.

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Abstract The distinction between direct and indirect speech has long been known not to reflect the crosslinguistic diversity of speech reporting strategies. Yet prominent typological approaches remain firmly grounded in that traditional distinction and look to place language-specific strategies on a universal continuum, treating them as deviations from the “direct” and “indirect” ideals. We argue that despite their methodological attractiveness, continuum approaches do not provide a solid basis for crosslinguistic comparison. We aim to present an alternative by exploring the syntax of logophor

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Ploog, Katja. "Subversion of Language Structure in Heterogeneous Speech Communities: the Work of Discourse and the Part of Contact." Journal of Language Contact 2, no. 1 (2008): 249–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000000008792525200.

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AbstractChange is an ongoing process constitutive of human language to which will be refered by the term of dynamics. It will be worked out how mere interaction conditions the language dynamics and how the disposable structural resources will be coordinated in microsystems. Since from this point of view grammar exists as a process, it will be of interest to work out by what type of mechanisms a bilingual speaker elaborates his/her discourse. It will be discussed what can be called a (more) 'useful' construction and through what type of mechanisms the constructions get coordinated. We will argu

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Nikitina, Tatiana. "Verb phrase external arguments in Mande." Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 37, no. 2 (2018): 693–734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11049-018-9417-0.

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Tröbs, Holger. "Progressive and habitual aspects in Central Mande." Lingua 114, no. 2 (2004): 125–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-3841(03)00032-9.

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Zieliński, Andrzej. "«No se dice “¿qué?”, se dice “¿mande?”». Origen y evolución de la fórmula “mande” en español." Romanica Cracoviensia 22, no. 2 (2022): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843917rc.22.016.15865.

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«No se dice “¿qué?”, se dice “¿mande?”». Origin and evolution of the formula «mande» in Spanish The objective of the study is to delve into the origin and the process of pragmaticalization of the expression mande, from a directive act of speech. Although its use is currently typical of Mexican Spanish, where with interrogative intonation mande is used to respond to the addressee‘s call or to ask the recipient to repeat the message that the sender has not understood or has not heard well, its uses are well documented in peninsular Spanish from the 16th century. With the help of discursive proxi

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Gustian, Rozi, and Dedy Irfan. "PERANCANGAN E-MANDEH DI KAWASAN WISATA MANDEH MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK CODEIGNITER BERBASIS WEB." Voteteknika (Vocational Teknik Elektronika dan Informatika) 7, no. 3 (2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/voteteknika.v7i3.105087.

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Tourism is one of human needs. By doing tours, humans can momentarily unwind, get tired and relieve stress, and for a moment forget the problems experienced both at home and in the office. Mandeh Tourism Area is one of the most crowded tourist spots for visitors to go to, tourists have to order bots by way of face to face. The desire of customers to get good and fast service makes business people to be able to improve services as much as possible. Applications that are built using CodeIgniter framework, make the system look more neat, organized and high-performance. The programming languages u

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Nikitina, Tatiana. "The syntax of postpositional phrases in Wan, an “SOVX” language." Studies in Language 33, no. 4 (2009): 910–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.33.4.04nik.

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In the study of word order typology, the SOVX word order pattern of Mande is often viewed as exceptional and explained diachronically as a “type in transition”. This paper argues against that view based on analysis of the sentence structure of Wan (Southeastern Mande). I show that the SOVX word order of Wan is a consequence of an unusual syntactic behavior of postpositional arguments, which do not form a syntactic constituent with their verb but instead appear in a fixed position outside of the VP. The analysis has typological implications, suggesting that the SOVX pattern of this kind should

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Grégoire, Claire. "An Attempt to Reconstruct Labial Consonants in Mande." Phonological Reconstruction 3 (January 1, 1988): 103–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.3.08gre.

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McNaughton, Patrick R. "Nyamakalaw: the Mande bards and blacksmiths." Word & Image 3, no. 3 (1987): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666286.1987.10435385.

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Mclaughlin, Fiona. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 14, no. 1 (2004): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlin.2004.14.1.118.

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Heath, Jeffrey. "Caught in the middle." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 34, no. 1 (2019): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00030.hea.

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Abstract The relationship between the Songhay and Mande language families has fascinated West Africanists. The typological similarities run deep, but the respective lexicons are noncognate. I focus here on a typological rarity, a bidirectional case marker (BCM), namely Proto-Songhay *nà and its descendants, and argue that it was most likely borrowed from Mande as part of the adoption by Songhay of the equally typologically rare Mande-type S(‑infl)‑O‑V‑X syntax, which reduces to S‑O‑V‑X when there is no post-subject inflectional morpheme (predicative marker). Apparently Songhay had little choi

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Cogman, Peter. "Oscar Mandel (review)." Modern Language Review 100, no. 3 (2005): 822–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2005.a826399.

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Green, Christopher R., and Maria Konoshenko. "Tonal head marking in Mande compounds: endpoint neutralization and outliers." Mandenkan, no. 67 (March 13, 2022): 3–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mandenkan.2699.

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Bernander, Rasmus. "On the “Atypical” Imperative Verb Form in Manda." Studia Orientalia Electronica 8, no. 3 (2020): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.23993/store.69737.

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This paper accounts for the atypical Imperative verb form found in Manda, a Bantu language spoken along the shores of Lake Nyasa in southern Tanzania. Unlike the vast majority of Bantu languages, Manda lacks a reflex of the so called “morphologically specialized” imperative. Instead, Imperatives (as well as other directives) are expressed with the suffixation of a marker of the form -ayi. Based on the form-meaning variation found both language-internally and in comparative data, this study reconstructs the functional and formal pathways of change leading to the highly unusual situation encount

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Zavyalova, Olga. "Folklore genre designation among the Manden peoples." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 60, no. 3 (2023): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tl.v60i3.14401.

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In this article I deal with the problem of division into genres and genre designation in the oral tradition of the Bamana, Maninka, and Dyula. These people belong to the Manden or Mandinka, Mandingo peoples (Mali, Guinea, and Burkina Faso). For comparison, the names of similar genres among the Dogon are also given, as the Dogon consider themselves a Manden people, even though their languages do not belong to the Mandé language family. Both expeditionary materials and written sources were used. Almost all the words related to genre formation were recorded, and a description of the genres themse

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