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Journal articles on the topic 'Manganese ferrite'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Al-Khabouri, Saja, Salim Al-Harthi, Toru Maekawa, Mohamed E. Elzain, Ashraf Al-Hinai, Ahmed D. Al-Rawas, Abbsher M. Gismelseed, Ali A. Yousif, and Myo Tay Zar Myint. "Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite nanoparticles in multiwall carbon nanotubes." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (December 29, 2020): 1891–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.170.

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Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized regarding structure, surface, and electronic and magnetic properties. The preparation method of partially encapsulated manganese ferrite enables the formation of a hybrid nanoparticle/tube system, which exhibits properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles inside and attached to the external surface of the tubes. The effect of having manganese ferrite nanoparticles inside the tubes is observed as a shift in the X-ray diffraction peaks and as an increase in stress, hyperfine field, and coercivity when compared to free manganese ferrite nanoparticles. On the other hand, a strong charge transfer from the multiwall carbon nanotubes is attributed to the attachment of manganese ferrite nanoparticles outside the tubes, which is detected by a significant decrease in the σ band emission of the ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy signal. This is followed by an increase in the density of states at the Fermi level of the attached manganese ferrite nanoparticles in comparison to free manganese ferrite nanoparticles, which leads to an enhancement of the metallic properties.

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2

Denecke, Melissa A., W. Gunßer, G. Buxbaum, and P. Kuske. "Manganese valence in precipitated manganese ferrite." Materials Research Bulletin 27, no. 4 (April 1992): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(92)90029-y.

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3

Taguba, Manny Anthony, Dennis Ong, Benny Marie Ensano, Chi-Chuan Kan, Nurak Grisdanurak, Jurng-Jae Yee, and Mark Daniel de Luna. "Nonlinear Isotherm and Kinetic Modeling of Cu(II) and Pb(II) Uptake from Water by MnFe2O4/Chitosan Nanoadsorbents." Water 13, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 1662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13121662.

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Researchers are in continuous search of better strategies to minimize, if not prevent, the anthropogenic release of toxic heavy metals, such as Cu(II) and Pb(II), into drinking water resources and the natural environment. Herein, we report for the first time the low-temperature combustion synthesis of magnetic chitosan-manganese ferrite in the absence of toxic cross-linking agents and its removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from single-component metal solutions. The nonlinear Langmuir model best described the isotherm data, while the nonlinear pseudo-second order model best described the kinetic data, signifying monolayer Cu(II) or Pb(II) adsorption and chemisorption as the rate-determining step, respectively. Adsorption capacities by magnetic chitosan-manganese ferrite obtained for both metals were consistently higher than those by manganese ferrite, indicating that chitosan enhanced the performance of the magnetic adsorbent. The maximum adsorption capacities of magnetic chitosan-manganese ferrite for Cu(II) and Pb(II) were 14.86 and 15.36 mg g−1, while that of manganese ferrite were 2.59 and 13.52 mg g−1, respectively. Moreover, the adsorbents showed superior binding affinity and sorption for Pb(II) than Cu(II) owing to the stronger ability of the former to form inner-sphere complexes with manganese ferrite and magnetic chitosan-manganese ferrite. Finally, thermodynamic studies revealed that the uptake of either Pb(II) or Cu(II) by magnetic chitosan-manganese ferrite was spontaneous and endothermic. The as-prepared adsorbent was characterized for morphology, elemental composition, surface functional sites, and particle size using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering technique, respectively.

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4

Seyyed Ebrahimi, S. A., and Z. Pishgahi Fard. "An Investigation on the Optimum Conditions for Preparation of Pure Mn-Mg-Zn Ferrite Powder." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.699.

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Manganese- Zinc ferrite is one of the most important spinel ferrites which is used in the electronics applications. These ferrites have an open lattice and can tolerate large amounts of the other metallic ions in their lattice. One of these divalent ions that can sit in the unit cell of Mn-Zn ferrites is Magnesium. Mn-Mg-Zn ferrites are new materials which is thought to be a good candidate for dielectric applications. In this work, a suitable relative values of raw materials for preparing pure Mn-Mg-Zn ferrite powder have been determined. It is carried out by using XRD experiments. The optimum temperature and time of calcination were also investigated by DTA/TGA, XRD and SEM techniques.

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5

Cai, Wei, Chun Lin Fu, Rong Li Gao, Wei Hai Jiang, Xiao Ling Deng, and Gang Chen. "Ferroelectric and Photovoltaic Properties of Mn-Doped Bismuth Ferrite Thin Films." Materials Science Forum 815 (March 2015): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.815.135.

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Bismuth ferrite is an important material in ferroelectric photovoltaic field, because of its narrow band gap and large polarization. Doping is a common method to further improve the photovoltaic properties of bismuth ferrite. Mn-doped bismuth ferrite thin films were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of manganese on the crystal structure, ferroelectric and photovoltaic properties have been investigated. The result indicates that Mn-doped bismuth ferrite thin films are single phase and the lattice constant increases with the increase of manganese content. As manganese content increases, the remnant polarization and coercive electric field increase, while the short circuit photocurrent density and power conversion efficiency decrease. The open circuit photovoltage increases first and reaches the maximum and then decreases as manganese content increases. The results indicate that enhanced ferroelectricity caused by addition of manganese doesn’t make improvement on the photovoltaic characteristic.

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6

Bhalla, Deepak, S. K. Aggarwal, G. P. Govil, and Ish Kakkar. "Manufacturing of Manganese-Zinc Soft Ferrite by Powder Metallurgy." Open Materials Science Journal 4, no. 1 (February 3, 2010): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874088x010040100026.

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Objective of this paper is, improvement of quality of Mn-Zn soft ferrites manufactured by powder metallurgy and overall output yield of it's plant. The efforts have been made to synthesize the crucial parameters which are responsible for better material preparation, pressing and sintering. By adopting these recommendations, the rejection rate is substantially reduced and the variation in magnetic properties is less. Data, which give more uniformity in bigger lots and are responsible for more uniform magnetic properties, have been discussed. Simple, quality-control instruments and their measurement methods which can be incorporated for stage inspection have been explained. The additives for better ferrite powder preparation, granules making and to obtain better magnetic have been discussed. Improved pressing, sintering, porosity, density and permeability relationship have been drawn. A sintering method to obtain better sintered density and high permeability in ferrites is also explained.

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7

Yoo, Han-Ill, and Harry L. Tuller. "In situ phase equilibria determination of a manganese ferrite by electrical means." Journal of Materials Research 3, no. 3 (June 1988): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1988.0552.

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Electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power have been measured for a series of MnZn ferrites as functions of the oxygen partial pressure under high-temperature equilibrium conditions. The isothermal variation of both properties was successfully correlated to the onset of phase transitions at characteristic Po2's. The ferrite 0.482MnO-0.518Fe2O3 was examined in some detail to locate the stability fields of the metallic alloy of iron and manganese, manganowustite, the spinel ferrite, and the hematitelike phase, and to extract the appropriate free-energy data. The results confirmed by x-ray diffraction are in satisfactory agreement with literature data.

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8

Al-Hilli, Muthafer F. "A comparison study of the Structural and magnetic properties of pure Ni metal and NiZnMn ferrite." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 17, no. 43 (November 29, 2019): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v17i43.418.

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The magnetic properties of a pure Nickel metal and Nickel-Zinc-Manganese ferrites having the chemical formula Ni0.1(Zn0.4Mn0.6)0.9Fe2O4 were studied. The phase formation and crystal structure was studied by using x-ray diffraction which confirmed the formation of pure single spinel cubic phase with space group (Fd3m) in the ferrite. The samples microstructure was studied with scanning electron microstructure and EDX. The magnetic properties of the ferrite and nickel metal were characterized by using a laboratory setup with a magnetic field in the range from 0-500 G. The ferrite showed perfect soft spinel phase behavior while the nickel sample showed higher magnetic loss and coercivity.

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9

Peters, Joop A. "Relaxivity of manganese ferrite nanoparticles." Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 120-121 (October 2020): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2020.07.002.

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10

Katsnelson, E. Z. "Photogalvanomagnetic Properties of Manganese Ferrite." Physica Status Solidi (a) 104, no. 2 (December 16, 1987): K127—K132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211040261.

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11

Zhang, Bianfang, Guide Tang, Zonglin Yan, Zhenbiao Wang, Qingfen Yang, and Jianpo Cui. "Synthesis of magnetic manganese ferrite." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 22, no. 3 (September 2007): 514–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-006-3514-3.

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12

Toolenaar, F. J. C. M., and M. T. J. Van Lierop-Verhees. "Reactive sintering of manganese ferrite." Journal of Materials Science 24, no. 2 (February 1989): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01107418.

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13

Yang, Li-Xia, Feng Wang, Yan-Feng Meng, Qing-Hua Tang, and Zi-Qi Liu. "Fabrication and Characterization of Manganese Ferrite Nanospheres as a Magnetic Adsorbent of Chromium." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/293464.

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Manganese ferrite nanospheres constructed by nanoparticles were synthesized in high yield via a general, one-step, and template-free solvothermal method. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). BJH pore-size distribution shows that the sphere-like manganese ferrite particle was a porous structure with a narrow pore-size distribution. The investigation of magnetic property of manganese ferrite nanospheres reveals that the saturation magnetization is high, which showes an excellent ability for magnetic removal of chromium in wastewater.

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14

Iacovita, Cristian, Gabriela Fabiola Stiufiuc, Roxana Dudric, Nicoleta Vedeanu, Romulus Tetean, Rares Ionut Stiufiuc, and Constantin Mihai Lucaciu. "Saturation of Specific Absorption Rate for Soft and Hard Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by Polyol Process." Magnetochemistry 6, no. 2 (May 29, 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6020023.

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Spinel ferrite nanoparticles represent a class of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with enormous potential in magnetic hyperthermia. In this study, we investigated the magnetic and heating properties of spinel soft NiFe2O4, MnFe2O4, and hard CoFe2O4 MNPs of comparable sizes (12–14 nm) synthesized by the polyol method. Similar to the hard ferrite, which predominantly is ferromagnetic at room temperature, the soft ferrite MNPs display a non-negligible coercivity (9–11 kA/m) arising from the strong interparticle interactions. The heating capabilities of ferrite MNPs were evaluated in aqueous media at concentrations between 4 and 1 mg/mL under alternating magnetic fields (AMF) amplitude from 5 to 65 kA/m at a constant frequency of 355 kHz. The hyperthermia data revealed that the SAR values deviate from the quadratic dependence on the AMF amplitude in all three cases in disagreement with the Linear Response Theory. Instead, the SAR values display a sigmoidal dependence on the AMF amplitude, with a maximum heating performance measured for the cobalt ferrites (1780 W/gFe+Co), followed by the manganese ferrites (835 W/gFe+Mn), while the nickel ferrites (540 W/gFe+Ni) present the lowest values of SAR. The heating performances of the ferrites are in agreement with their values of coercivity and saturation magnetization.

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15

Efremenko, Vasily, Roman Kussa, Ivan PETRYSHYNETS, Kazumichi SHIMIZU, František KROMKA, Vadym ZURNADZHY, and Victoria GAVRILOVA. "Element partitioning in low-carbon Si2Mn2CrMoVNb TRIP-assisted steel in intercritical temperature range." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 26, no. 3 (September 3, 2020): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.3.554.

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The present paper is aimed at the study of the kinetics of Mn, Si, Cr partitioning in 0.2wt%C-Si2Mn2CrMoVNb TRIP-assisted steel under the annealing at 770 oC and 830 oC to be within the intercritical temperature range. The work was fulfilled using SEM, EDX, dilatometry, and hardness measurements. It was found that under heating a redistribution of the alloying elements between ferrite and austenite took place. Specifically, silicon partitioned to ferrite while chromium diffused to austenite with distribution coefficient values of 1.12-1.21 (KSi) and 0.75-0.86 (KCr). Manganese was found to partition to a much greater extent resulting in a distribution coefficient of KMn=0.38-0.50 and 2.6 times higher concentration in austenite as compared to ferrite. As annealing temperature raised from 770 oC to 830 oC the elemental partitioning was accelerated, followed by the decrease in manganese content in austenite (by 1.44 time) and ferrite (by 1.34 time) caused by an increase in austenite volume fraction. Silicon featured uneven distribution within ferrite to be accumulated at the “martensite/ferrite” interface and near ferrite grain boundaries, while manganese was concentrated in MC carbides. The recommendation for annealing holding was formulated based on elemental partitioning kinetics.

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16

Rostamzadehmansoor, S., Mirabdullah Seyed Sadjadi, K. Zare, and Nazanin Farhadyar. "Preparation of Ferromagnetic Manganese Doped Cobalt Ferrite-Silica Core Shell Nanoparticles for Possible Biological Application." Defect and Diffusion Forum 334-335 (February 2013): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.334-335.19.

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Magnetic oxide nanoparticles with proper surface coatings are increasingly being evaluated for clinical applications such as hyperthermia, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, transfection and cell/protein separations. In this work, we investigated synthesis, magnetic properties of silica coated metal ferrite, (CoFe2O4)/SiO2 and manganese doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (Mnx-Co1-xFe2O4 with x = 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06)/SiO2 for possible biomedical application. All the ferrites nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method using FeCl3.6H2O, CoCl2.6H2O and MnCl2.2H2O as precursors, and were silica coated by the Stober process in directly ethanol. The composition, phase structure and morphology of the prepared core/shell cobalt ferrites nanostructures were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infra-red spectra (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM-EDAX). The results revealed that all the samples maintain the ferrite spinel structure. While, the cell parameters decrease monotonically by increase of Mn content indicating that the Mn ions are substituted into the lattice of CoFe2O4. The magnetic properties of the prepared samples were investigated at room temperature using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The results revealed a strong dependence of room temperature magnetic properties on (1) doping content, x; (2) particle size and ion distributions.

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17

Boss, Alan F. N., Antonio C. C. Migliano, and Ingrid Wilke. "The Influence of Stoichiometry on the Index of Refraction of Cobalt Ferrite Samples at Terahertz Frequencies." MRS Advances 2, no. 58-59 (2017): 3663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.355.

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ABSTRACT We report an experimental study on the terahertz frequency dielectric properties of manganese cobalt ferrites (MnxCo1−xFe2O4) and nickel cobalt ferrites (NixCo1-xFe2O4) with three different stoichiometry each, x=0.3, x=0.5 and 0.7. Particularly, we present a comparison and discussion of the terahertz frequency indices of refraction of these two ferrites compositions. MnxCo1−xFe2O4 and NixCo1-xFe2O4 pellets with different Mn/Co and Ni/Co ratios (x=0.3, x=0.5 and x=0.7) were prepared by state-of-the-art ceramic processing. The morphology and chemical homogeneity of these ferrites were characterized by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. We observed that the indexes of refraction for manganese cobalt ferrites are 3.22, 3.71 and 3.67 for ratios of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7, respectively. In the case of nickel cobalt ferrite, the indexes of refraction are 3.53, 3.57 and 3.47 for ratios of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 respectively. We notice a substantial difference in the index of refraction for the Mn0.3Co0.7Fe2O4. This difference may be correlated to a secondary phase formed in this sample.

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18

Hou, Fei Fei, Atsushi Ito, Yu Bai, Akinobu Shibata, and Nobuhiro Tsuji. "Microstructure Evolution and Change in Mechanical Properties of Medium Mn Steels during Thermomechanical Processing." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.346.

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Medium manganese steels are nowadays energetically investigated as the third generation advanced high strength steels (AHSS) because of their excellent balance between material cost and mechanical properties. However, the phase transformation and microstructure evolution in medium manganese steels during various heat treatments and thermomechanical processing are still unclear. The present study firstly examined kinetics of static phase transformation behavior and microstructural change in a 3Mn-0.1C medium manganese steel. Hot compression tests were also carried out to investigate the influences of high-temperature thermomechanical processing on the microstructure evolution. It was found that ferrite transformation was quite slow in static conditions but greatly accelerated by hot compression in (austenite and ferrite) two phase region. Dual phase microstructures composed of martensite and ferrite with ferrite grain sizes of 1~2 μm were obtained, which exhibited superior mechanical properties.

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19

Dhiman, R. L., S. P. Taneja, and V. R. Reddy. "Preparation and Characterization of Manganese Ferrite Aluminates." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/703479.

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Aluminum doped manganese ferritesMnAlxFe2−xO4with0.0≤x≤1.0have been prepared by the double ceramic route. The formation of mixed spinel phase has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The unit cell parameter `aO' is found to decrease linearly with aluminum concentration due to smaller ionic radius of aluminum. The cation distributions were estimated from X-ray diffraction intensities of various planes. The theoretical lattice parameter, X-ray density, oxygen positional parameter, ionic radii, jump length, and bonds and edges lengths of the tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites were determined.57Fe Mössbauer spectra recorded at room temperature were fitted with two sextets corresponding to Fe3+ions at A- and B-sites. In the present ferrite system, the area ratio of Fe3+ions at the A- and B-sites determined from the spectral analysis of Mössbauer spectra gives evidence that Al3+ions replace iron ions at B-sites. This change in the site preference reflects an abrupt change in magnetic hyperfine fields at A- and B-sites as aluminum concentration increases, which has been explained on the basis of supertransferred hyperfine field. On the basis of estimated cation distribution, it is concluded that aluminum doped manganese ferrites exhibit a 55% normal spinel structure.

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20

Gu, Jian Jun, Li Hu Liu, Yun Kai Qi, Qin Xu, and Hui Yuan Sun. "Synthesis and Magnetic Characterization of Nickel Ferrite Nanowire Arrays Doped with Manganese." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 1799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1799.

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The spinel ferrite system Ni1-xMnxFe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) nanowire arrays with an average diameter of about 80 nm, have been synthesized into nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template using the sol–gel technique. X-ray diffraction analysis shows the formation of single-phase nickel manganese ferrites. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope images indicate that the nanowire arrays are composed of prolate spheroids with different crystal orientations. Magnetic measurements show that the saturation magnetization (Ms) of nickel ferrite nanowire arrays is lower than that of bulk ones. But the Ms of the samples doped with Mn are greater than that of bulk ones. We do not observe obviously easy magnetization direction of all nanowire arrays. The possible reasons that are responsible for the composition dependence of the properties are discussed.

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21

Al-Hada, Naif Mohammed, Mohamed Kamari Halimah, Abdul Halim Shaari, Elias Saion, Sidek A. Aziz, and Iskandar Shahrim Mustafa. "Structural and Morphological Properties of Manganese-Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles Prepared by Thermal Treatment Route." Solid State Phenomena 290 (April 2019): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.290.307.

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The capping of manganese–zinc ferrite nanoparticle by polyvinyl pyrrolidone agent has been carried out by a simple thermal treatment route. The obtained nanopowder samples have been given a screening investigation for its elemental composition, structural and morphological behaviour. The observed crystalline phase of manganese–zinc ferrite nanopowder was evidenced by X-ray diffractometer at a calcination temperature of 650 °C with no other impurity phases being detected. The average crystallite size determined from the XRD data and TEM micrographs showed an increasing trend with increasing calcination temperature. The morphological examination revealed that the manganese–zinc ferrite nanoparticle exhibits a uniform shape with enhancement in nanoparticles dispersion as the calcination temperature increased.

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22

Walters, I., R. Shende, and J. A. Puszynski. "Hydrogen Production from Thermochemical Water-Splitting Using Ferrites Prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis." Advances in Science and Technology 91 (October 2014): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.91.32.

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Currently, there are several methods to produce spinel ferrite powder material such as sol-gel synthesis, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), aerosol spray pyrolysis, and solution combustion synthesis (SCS). These methods have been shown to produce nominally phase pure ferrites for use in hydrogen generation by thermochemical water-splitting. Among these methods, the ferrites derived by SCS have not been fully investigated for hydrogen generation from thermochemical water-splitting. SCS, in general, has several advantages such as it being a simple synthesis that can be done relatively quickly and produces materials with high specific surface area. In this study, nickel, zinc, cobalt, and manganese ferrites were synthesized using SCS and analyzed by XRD, BET, and SEM. Each ferrite material was placed inside an Inconel tubular reactor and five consecutive thermochemical cycles to determine hydrogen production. The regeneration and water-splitting temperatures were performed with water-splitting and regeneration temperatures of 900°C and 1100°C, respectively. Nickel ferrite produced significantly higher average hydrogen volume as compared to the other ferrites over the five thermochemical cycles. However, all four ferrites showed a decrease in hydrogen volume generation with increase in consecutive water-splitting cycle, which could be due to the grain growth as observed by BET and SEM analyses.

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23

Biasi, Ronaldo Sergio de, Gabriel Burlandy Mota de Melo, André Ben-Hur da Silva Figueiredo, Mariella Alzamora Camarena, and José Brant de Campos. "Properties of manganese ferrite-paraffin composites." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 2019): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2017.09.010.

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24

Kuang, Shuang, Yong Lin Kang, Hao Yu, and Ren Dong Liu. "Simulation of Intercritical Austenization of a C-Mn Cold Rolled Dual Phase Steel." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1062–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1062.

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Formation of austenite strongly influences the microstructures and mechanical properties of dual phase steels. In present work, austenization process during intercritical annealing was studied in a Fe-C-Mn steel using Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator and quantitative microscopy. The experimental results show that austenite formation is separated into three different stages: (i) growth of high carbon austenite into pearlite rapidly until pearlite dissolution is completed; (ii) slower growth of austenite into ferrite; (iii) very slow equilibration between ferrite and austenite. The thermodynamic and kinetic analyses show that growth of austenite into ferrite is controlled by carbon diffusion in austenite in the primary stage and manganese diffusion in ferrite in the subsequent stage because diffusion coefficient of Mn in ferrite is several orders of magnitude smaller than that of C in austenite. The slow final equilibration between ferrite and austenite is obtained by manganese diffusion through the austenite. Based on the analysis, one dimensional diffusion model of intercritical austenization was developed and solved using finite volume method on the assumption that solute flux was local balance at interface, and the kinetics calculated was compared with experimental results. Simulated results indicate that growth of austenite reaches paraequilibrium in about one second, but remains thousands of seconds to reach final equilibrium. Simulated concentration profiles show that manganese atoms transferred from ferrite congregate in austenite near phase interface, which is consistent with the experimental phenomenon.

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Ito, Atsushi, Akinobu Shibata, and Nobuhiro Tsuji. "Thermomechanical Processing of Medium Manganese Steels." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.90.

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As third generation advanced high strength steels (AHSS) managing both high strength and good ductility/formability, medium manganese steels containing 3-7 wt% Mn have attracted attentions recently. However, the fundamental microstructure evolution during thermomechanical processing and heat treatments in medium-Mn steels is still unclear. In the present study, changes in microstructure and mechanical properties during various heat treatments and thermomechanical processes of 4Mn-0.1%C steel were studied. It was clarified from dilatometric measurements that ferrite transformation in the 4Mn-0.1C steel was quite slow, so that fully martensitic structures were obtained in many cases after cooling from austenite. On the other hand, hot-deformation of austenite greatly accelerated ferrite transformation, and dual phase microstrcutures composed of ferrite and martensite could be obtained. The dual phase steel showed good combinations of high strength and adequate tensile ductility.

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Busurin, S. M., P. A. Tsygankov, M. L. Busurina, Yu D. Kovalev, O. D. Boyarchenko, N. V. Sachkova, and A. E. Sytschev. "Electric Conductivity and Gas-Sensing Properties of Nickel Ferrite Thin Films Formed by Ion-Beam Sputtering Deposition." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 15, no. 2 (February 20, 2013): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj146.

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<p>Ferrites with composition of NiMn<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1-x</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, (with x = 0 ÷ 1.0) have been synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The particle size of the synthesized ferrite powder was about 10 nm. Additional heat treatment at 1270 K during 50 min allowed us to obtained product with the single phase composition NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. We found out that the increasing of the manganese content (x) increased the lattice constant of the ferrites from 0.833896 nm (x = 0) up to 0.836369 nm (x = 1). The synthesized powder contains two types of ferrite particles that are varied in size and shape. The magnetic properties significantly depend on the microstructure and chemical composition of synthesized ferrites. It has been found that the coercive force H<sub>c</sub> increased from 1.75 (x = 0.2) to 2.85 (x = 1). By using of IBSD technology thin film of NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was sputtered on the Si (100) substrate. All sputtered films were X-ray transparent. The structure of ferrite films consisted of agglomerate less than 35 nm. The thickness of the sputtered film was about 600 nm. Additional heat treatment at 770 K during 90 min resulted to homogeneity of the film microstructure. The temperature range 400-750 K corresponds to working temperature range of gas-sensing devices. The ferrite compounds were studied by TOF-SIMS (Time-of-Flight Secondary-Ion-Mass-Spectrometry) for all depth of film. The resistivity R of synthesized film was 39 kΩ. Measurement of gas-sensing sensitivity R<sub>CH4</sub>/R<sub>air</sub> for gas (2%v. CH<sub>4</sub>) – air mixture showed increase of R up to 12% at the present of methane at 403 K. For further research we plan to replace iron to manganese ions in chemical compounds of ferrite.</p>

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WAN, Y. P., D. N. FANG, and A. K. SOH. "EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF MANGANESE–ZINC FERRITE CERAMICS." Modern Physics Letters B 17, no. 02 (January 30, 2003): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984903004944.

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Effects of magnetic field on the fracture toughness of magnetic ceramics were experimentally investigated by the use of the single-edge-notch-beam (SENB) specimens of three kinds of manganese–zinc ferrite ceramics with different permeability. Results indicate that there is no significant change in the measured fracture toughness of the Manganese-Zinc Ferrite ceramics in the presence of the magnetic field. Furthermore, the crack lengths caused by the Vickers' indentation on the manganese–zinc ferrite ceramics show that the fracture toughness in the magnetic field direction is almost identical to that in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. This reveals that the polycrystalline ceramic still exhibits isotropic fracture behavior after magnetization. Finally, a qualitative explanation is given in terms of a small-scale magnetic saturation model.

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Gómez, Patricia, Daniel Elduque, Carmelo Pina, and Carlos Javierre. "Influence of the Composition on the Environmental Impact of Soft Ferrites." Materials 11, no. 10 (September 20, 2018): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11101789.

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The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of the composition on the environmental impact of the two main types of soft ferrites, allowing scientists and engineers to compare them based not only on cost and properties, but also on an environmental point of view. Iron oxides are the basis of soft ferrites, but these ferrites have a wide range of compositions, using materials such as manganese or nickel, which affect their magnetic properties, but also modify the environmental impact. A Life Cycle Assessment has been carried out for manganese‒zinc (MnZn) and nickel‒zinc (NiZn) soft ferrites, with a Monte Carlo approach to assess multiple compositions. The LCA model was developed with SimaPro 8.4, using the EcoInvent v3.4 life cycle inventory database. Environmental impact values were calculated under the ReCiPe and Carbon Footprint methodologies, obtaining a broad variety of results depending on the composition. The results were also significantly different from the standard EcoInvent ferrite. For the analyzed soft ferrites, the presence of manganese or nickel is a key factor from an environmental perspective, as these materials involve high environmental impacts, and their supply risk has increased during recent years, making them a concern for European manufacturers.

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29

Imran Din, Muhammad, Faria Rafique, Muhammad Sadaf Hussain, Hafiz Arslan Mehmood, and Sadia Waseem. "Recent developments in the synthesis and stability of metal ferrite nanoparticles." Science Progress 102, no. 1 (March 2019): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850419826799.

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This article presents a comprehensive review on the synthesis and stability of ferrite nanoparticles such as nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4), zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4), manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4), iron ferrite (Fe2O3), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and also mixed nanoparticles. Different synthetic methods for ferrite nanoparticles have been reviewed such as co-precipitation, thermal decomposition and hydrothermal, microwave-assisted and sonochemical methods. The effect on the stability of different capping agents like canola oil, glycerol, sodium dodecyl, sodium citrate, oleic acid, Triton-100 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonates has also been studied.

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30

Yuan, Quan, Wang Qun, Zhi Xue Qu, Zi Xin Gu, and Tong Wu. "Preparation and Electromagnetic Properties of Manganese Zinc Ferrite/Barium Ferrite Composite Materials." Key Engineering Materials 519 (July 2012): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.519.215.

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Abstract: Manganese zinc ferrite/barium ferrite composite materials were prepared with various content of Z type barium ferrite (0, 10, 20 wt%) using solid state reaction method. The effect of the compositon on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of the composites are investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and impedance analyzer. The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that W phase of barium ferrite instead of Z phase appears in the composite sintered as well as the spinel phase. Some small hexagonal grains were observed in the SEM images and the proportion increases with increasing content of barium ferrite. The cut-off frequencies of the composite systematically shift towards high frequency from 2.5 MHz to 32.6 MHz which is attributed to the increasing of W phase. The composites show a higher frequency for the maximum of the impedance as well as a higher value of the impedance at certain frequency which may be benefit for the application at GHz frequency range.

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31

Babenko, Anatoly A., Leonid A. Smirnov, and Alena G. Upolovnikova. "The Effect of Boron, Manganese and Sulfur on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Pipe Steel 17G1SU." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 408–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.408.

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The paper presents the results of the effect of boron, manganese and sulfur on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pipe steel 17G1SU. It was shown that the microstructure of boron-free steel sample containing 1.4% Mn and 0.01% S consists mainly of ferrite and a small amount of perlite. Samples microalloyed by boron are represented by a dispersed ferritic-bainitic structure. A decrease in ferrite grain size from 8.7 μm, in a comparative sample without boron containing 1.4% Mn and 0.010% S to 5.8 μm in a sample of steel containing 0.006% B, 1.6% Mn and 0.011% S, shows increasing the dispersity of the ferritic-bainitic structure. A decrease in the manganese content to 1.4, sulfur to 0.004% and an increase in boron concentration to 0.0011%, despite an increase in grain size to 6.8 μm, retain a fine-grained structure. The effect of boron, manganese, and sulfur content on the microhardness of the structural phases of the studied pipe steel samples is noted. The smallest microhardness of ferrite and perlite is observed in the base sample without boron, reaching 180 and 214 HV10, respectively. The microalloying of pipe steel containing 1.6% Mn, 0.011% S with boron is accompanied by an increase in the microhardness of the bainitic phase to 314 HV10, which increases to 400 HV10 with an increase in boron concentration to 0.011%, and a decrease in the content of manganese and sulfur to 1.4 and 0.003%. In this case, the microhardness of the ferrite phase, reaching an increase to 260 HV10, is practically independent of the content of boron, manganese, and sulfur. The mechanical properties of the experimental metal rolling with a thickness of 10 mm provide the production of rolled steel of strength class X80, without heat treatment, regardless of the content of boron, manganese, and sulfur, as a result of the formation of a finely dispersed ferrite-bainitic structure.

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32

Washburn, Cody, Jacob Jorne, and Santosh Kurinec. "Cathodic Electrophoretic Deposition of Ceramic Nano-Particle Manganese Zinc Ferrite." Key Engineering Materials 314 (July 2006): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.314.127.

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The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of micro/nano-particle manganese zinc ferrite (Mnx Zn1-xFe2O4) material has been carried out on silicon substrates. EPD is performed in isopropanol (IPA) solutions containing charging and adhesion agents. The ferrite powders were prepared by grinding ceramic sintered toroids of a commercial high permeability Mn-Zn ferrite. The ferrite film has been deposited up to 4μm in thickness in 30 minutes showing good selectivity to silicon patterned with 250nm thermally grown silicon dioxide. Additionally, selective deposition has been observed on heavily doped p-type regions in n-type silicon substrates. The deposition process is a self limiting process with the initial high elerophoretic current declining to 10% of its value in 10 minutes. This result suggests that majority of ferrite deposition occurs in first 10 minutes. The deposition rate and zeta potential measurements indicate a high particle velocity on the order 5.7x10-3 cm/s with an electric field of 160V/cm generated across the 2 cm electrode spacing. An amorphous like interfacial layer is observed in as deposited substrates. The scanning electron micrographs indicate pattern filling and conformal deposition on copper planar micro-inductors fabricated by chemical mechanical planarization. These results are promising for powder ferrite material (hard and soft) to be selectively deposited for a wide variety of applications in microelectronics passive components and in MEM’s based applications

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33

Iqbal, Zahoor, Saima Sadiq, Muhammad Sadiq, Muhammad Ali, Khalid Saeed, Najeeb Ur Rehman, Mohammad Ilyas, et al. "Synergetic Effect of Calcium Doping on Catalytic Activity of Manganese Ferrite: DFT Study and Oxidation of Hydrocarbon." Crystals 10, no. 4 (April 23, 2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10040335.

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Manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) and calcium-doped manganese ferrite (Ca-MnFe2O4) were synthesized, characterized, and tested for oxidation of hydrocarbons (CH) in a self-designed gas blow rotating (GBR) reactor. The uniformly sized and thermally stable MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (molar ratio, 1/284.5) showed a reasonable catalytic activity (productivity: 366.17 mmolg−1h−1) with 60% selectivity at 80 °C, which was further enhanced by calcium doping (productivity: 379.38 mmolg−1h−1). The suspicious behavior of Ca-MnFe2O4 was disclosed experimentally and theoretically as well.

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34

Zuo, X., F. Yang, R. Mafhoum, R. Karim, A. Tebano, G. Balestrino, V. G. Harris, and C. Vittoria. "Manganese Ferrite Grown at the Atomic Scale." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 40, no. 4 (July 2004): 2811–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2004.830447.

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35

Srinivas Rao, S., A. Chandra Shekhar Reddy, D. Ravinder, B. Ravinder Reddy, and D. Linga Reddy. "Ultrasonic investigation on mixed manganese–zinc ferrite." Materials Letters 56, no. 3 (October 2002): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00435-4.

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36

Šimša, Z., P. Thailhades, L. Presmanes, and C. Bonningue. "Magneto-optical properties of manganese ferrite films." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 242-245 (April 2002): 381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(01)01135-0.

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37

Gu Jian-Jun, Han Jin-Rong, Cheng Fu-Wei, Zhao Guo-Liang, Liu Li-Hu, and Sun Hui-Yuan. "Preparation and characterization of nickel manganese ferrite." Acta Physica Sinica 61, no. 9 (2012): 097502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.61.097502.

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38

Yung, Edward K., Brian W. Hussey, Arunava Gupta, and Lubomyr T. Romankiw. "Laser‐Assisted Etching of Manganese‐Zinc‐Ferrite." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 136, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2096707.

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39

Ghosh, K. K., A. Chaudhuri, S. Biswas, S. K. Singh, S. Sreemany, A. Desai, J. Tewari, et al. "Rectangular microstrip antenna using manganese ferrite substrate." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 9, no. 1 (May 1995): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.4650090102.

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40

Inaba, Hideaki, and Tsuneo Matsui. "Vaporization and Diffusion of Manganese–Zinc Ferrite." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 121, no. 1 (January 1996): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1996.0021.

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41

Abdulameer Abbas, Hayder, Adnan Hussein Ali, and Ban Mohammad Hasan. "Morphology and magnetic properties of lanthanum (La3+) substituted manganese, chromium nano ferrites." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i2.pp1102-1109.

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<span>Several studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of Lanthanum (La<sup>3+</sup>) ion substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of manganese-chromium (Mn-Cr) ferrite of chemical formula Mn La<sub>x</sub>Cr Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(x=0.0, 0.25 and 0.5). Such studies have made efforts to improve the magnetic and structural properties of manganese-chromium (Mn-Cr) ferrite by using lanthanum substituted nano ferrites and then synthesized using the sol-gel method and annealed at a temperature of 700<sup>o</sup>C. The changes that occurred in the structure of the nano ferrites as a result of lanthanum substitution were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on Debye-Scherrer equation, the XRD data were used in measuring the particle sizes of different diffraction and average crystallite size by means of Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In analyzing the morphology of the nano ferrites, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used, elemental compassion was studied using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and the average particle diameter was determined using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. FTIR spectral analysis of the prepared samples under investigations revealed the formation of a single phase spherical particles. Two important absorption bands were observed; one (<em>ν<sub>1</sub></em>) around 556 cm<sup>-1</sup>, which is attributed to the intrinsic vibrations of tetrahedral complexes, while the other low frequency band (<em>ν<sub>2</sub></em>) was around 430 cm<sup>-1</sup>, and attributed to octahedral complexes.</span>

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42

Zhao, Hai, You Ning Xu, and Jun Qing Liu. "Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Fe-Mn-Ce Metal Oxide-Based Catalysts." Advanced Materials Research 304 (July 2011): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.304.31.

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Nanosized cerium-manganese ferrite particles were prepared by co-precipitation approach. The structural evolutions and morphological characteristics of the nanopowder were investigated using X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy and thermo-gravimetry. XRD results showed that particles with crystallite size in nanometer scale were formed. TEM studies showed the morphology of the prepared cerium-manganese ferrite with a crystallite diameter of 20 nm at the calcination temperature of 500°C for 4 h. The catalyst showed high activities for SCR of nitric oxide with ammonia.

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43

Katiyar, Mohit, Mahender Prasad, Kavita Agarwal, RK Singh, Anand Kumar, and N. Eswara Prasad. "Study and characterization of E.M. absorbing properties of EPDM ferrite composite containing manganese zinc ferrite." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 36, no. 10 (January 29, 2017): 754–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684417690816.

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EPDM rubber has been used as matrix and manganese–zinc ferrite as magnetic filler. EPDM ferrite composites were prepared with varying loading in different compositions of Mn–Zn ferrite (RFC-1, 2, 3 and 4) and moulded in the test samples of different thicknesses i.e. 1.5 mm, 2.5 mm and 5 mm. Physico-mechanical properties of EPDM ferrite composites were determined. Complex permeability and permittivity parameters of rubber ferrite composites were measured using rectangular waveguide in the frequency range of 3.95–5.85 GHz. The variation of reflection loss (RL) of single layer rubber-ferrite composites has been investigated as a function of frequency, ferrite content and thickness of composites by unique single horn interferometry technique in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz. It is observed that microwave absorption of rubber–ferrite composites has increased with increase of ferrite content as well as thickness in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz.

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44

Alwash, Nahedh H., Jafer Fahdel Odah, and Ahmed Namah Mohamed. ""Effect of Substitution of Positive Ion (M+2) on the Physical Properties of M-Fe2O4 "." Muthanna Journal of Pure Science 4, no. 1 (September 3, 2017): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52113/2/04.01.2017/27-34.

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"Cobalt, Manganese and Magnesium ferrites powders have been synthesized using chemical mixing method. Calcination and sintering temperatures were 800oC respectively. The characteristics of spinal ferrite have been investigated by XRD technique while the magnetic characterization samples have been done using vibrating sample magnetometer (V.S.M). The magnetic properties such as initial magnetic permeability, quality factor, inductor factor and power loss density are studied under variation of frequency using L.C.R meter as well. Saturation magnetization, coercive field and remanent agnetization are determined from hysteresis loops for all prepared sample.

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45

Mohammed, E. M., K. A. Malini, P. A. Joy, S. D. Kulkarni, S. K. Date, P. Kurian, and M. R. Anantharaman. "Processability, hardness, and magnetic properties of rubber ferrite composites containing manganese zinc ferrites." Plastics, Rubber and Composites 31, no. 3 (March 2002): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/146580102225001472.

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46

Chowdhury, Sandip Ghosh, B. Mahato, Hezio Rosa da Silva, Gustavo Gonçalves Lourenço, and Dagoberto Brandão Santos. "Evolution of Texture in Ultra-Fine Grained Ferrite through Warm-Rolling and Intercritical Annealing." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 610–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.610.

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The ferrite grain size refining is the unique mechanism for increasing both mechanical strength and formability of steels. Steel with an ultra-fine ferrite grained structure must show a good relation between mechanical strength, ductility and toughness, while the low carbon content enhances good welding characteristics. The objective of this work is to investigate the influence of warm rolling on the evolution of texture in a microalloyed low carbon-manganese (0.11%C, 1.41%Mn, 0.028%Nb and 0.012%Ti) steel with ultra-fine grains produced through out quenching, warm rolling, followed by sub and intercritical annealing. The evolution of restoration process - recovery and recrystallization - was followed by optical and scanning microscopy. After subcritical annealing, the microstructure was formed by spheroidal iron carbides and a ferritic recovered matrix. Otherwise, after intercritical annealing, the microstructure was composed mainly by ultrafine grain polygonal ferrite, MA (martensite-austenite) constituent and carbides. The mechanical behaviour of the steel was evaluated using tensile tests. The mechanical properties have been correlated with the evolution of texture in the ultra-fine grained ferrites.

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47

Rashad, M. M. "Synthesis and magnetic properties of manganese ferrite from low grade manganese ore." Materials Science and Engineering: B 127, no. 2-3 (February 2006): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2005.10.004.

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48

Uzlov, O., A. Malchere, V. I. Bolshakov, and Claude Esnouf. "Investigation of Acicular Ferrite Structure and Properties of C-Mn-Al-Ti-N Steels." Advanced Materials Research 23 (October 2007): 209–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.23.209.

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Low carbon-manganese wrought steels with addition of Ti-Al-N have been treated in order to obtain acicular ferrite structure. The microstructure of fine acicular ferrite nucleated intragranularly on Ti(C,N)+AlN and Ti(C,N)+AlN+MeS inclusions has showed high strength and toughness at low temperatures.

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49

Devi, Elangbam Chitra, and Ibetombi Soibam. "A correlated structural and electrical study of manganese ferrite nanoparticles with variation in sintering temperature." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 26 (September 20, 2017): 1750236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917502360.

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Manganese ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation method. Metal chlorides and sodium hydroxide were used as precursor. The spinel phase formation of the prepared samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). From the XRD data, the average crystallite size and lattice constant were calculated. FTIR spectra reveal the characteristic absorption bands of spinel ferrite due to M-O stretching vibrations in tetrahedral and octahedral sites. Manganese ferrite nanoparticles were further given sintering. The effect of sintering at different temperatures on the structural properties such as XRD, FTIR and electrical properties such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ac-conductivity was studied. Possible mechanism of structural changes and observed electrical behavior due to sintering is being discussed. A strong correlation has also been observed in the results obtained from different characterization techniques.

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Pernia Leal, Manuel, Sara Rivera-Fernández, Jaime M. Franco, David Pozo, Jesús M. de la Fuente, and María Luisa García-Martín. "Long-circulating PEGylated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for MRI-based molecular imaging." Nanoscale 7, no. 5 (2015): 2050–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr05781c.

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