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1

Naumenko, Valerii Evgen’evich. "To the Discussion on the Time When the Byzantine Castle Was Built a Top of Mangup." Античная древность и средние века 51 (2023): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2023.51.006.

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The current hypothesis states that the large Byzantine castle was constructed at Mangup-Doros in the last years of Emperor Justinian I (527–565). It was put up by A. G. Gertsen as early as 1990. The reason was the results of archaeological researches conducted at the site. The accounts of written and epigraphic sources form chronological markers: the absence of data on this castle in Procopius of Caesarea’s treatise De aedificiis, and a slab fragment featuring a building inscription of Justinian I. However, recently A. I. Aibabin proposed a different chronology of the construction of the castl
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2

Dushenko, Anton Anatol’evich. "Sabaton Excavated at the Palace of the Ancient Town of Mangup." Античная древность и средние века 49 (2021): 219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2021.49.015.

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This research addresses a sabaton, or an armour element protecting the foot, excavated in the western area of the prince’s palace of Mangup. The artifact is composed by seven cross-curved iron plates. The sabaton was attached to the shoe with strings, as evidenced by the through-holes in its central and lateral parts. The only archaeological analogy to the sabaton from Mangup is the two sets of plates for foot-protection from the collective burial of the participants of the battle of Visby (Sweden) in 1361. A significant number of analogies appeared among the manuscript miniatures and tombston
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3

Vinogradov, Andrey, and Maksim Korobov. "Gothic graffiti from the Mangup basilica." NOWELE / North-Western European Language Evolution 71, no. 2 (2018): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00013.vin.

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Abstract For more than a millennium there have been reports testifying to the presence of Goths in the Crimea. However, until a few years ago, the only evidence of a Gothic or Germanic idiom spoken in the peninsula stems from the list of words recorded between 1560 and 1562 by Ogier de Busbecq. Significant new evidence, however, has become available through the recent discovery of five Gothic graffiti scratched on two reused fragments of a cornice belonging to the early Byzantine basilica at Mangup-Qale in the Crimea. The graffiti, datable to between about 850 and the end of the 10th century,
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Mogarichev, Yuriy, and Alena Ergina. "Reassessing the Periodization of Mural Paintings in the Cave Church of the Southern Mangup Monastery." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (January 2020): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.6.4.

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Introduction. The Southern Monastery is located in the southern part of the Mangup plateau in a natural rock grotto. The cave church is in the eastern side of the grotto. It is decorated with mural paintings. The murals of the church are concentrated in the altar. Frescos are divided into the images on the apse, on the altar arch and on the vaults of the church. Methods. Authors give the periodization of frescos comparing iconography and stylistics. Analysis. The images on the apse are flat. The eaves of the altar arch are similar to the icon row. Saints on the arches of the church have their
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5

Rumyantseva, Olga, Anna Mastykova, and Valery Naumenko. "Window Glass from Gorzuvity and Mangup Fort in the Crimea: Chemical Composition, Origin and Chronology in the Historical and Cultural Context." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 5 (October 31, 2023): 383–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp235383402.

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Chemical composition of 39 window panes of the Early and Middle Byzantine periods was studied with SEM-EDS technique. They originate from the Gorzuvity settlement in the Crimea Southern coast with the ruins of two churches, and Mangup, the largest medieval fortress in the SW Crimea. The presence of glass of groups Foy-3.2/2.1 and HIMT suggests that the earliest structures with glazed windows could have emerged on Mangup in the 5th century at the latest — i. e., before the construction of the Byzantine fortress. A homogenous composition of glass from Gorzuvity suggests a single period of glazin
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6

Naumenko, Valery E., Aleksandr G. Gertsen, and Darya V. Iozhitsa. "Christian Mangup: The Modern Source Base and the Main Stages of Its History." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVI (2021): 255–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-189x.2021.26.255-281.

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Throughout the entire period of the Middle Ages, the settlement of Mangup was one of the most important ideological centres for the spread of Christianity in the south-western Crimea. From the creation of the independent Gothic bishopric on, it housed the residence and the cathedral church of the hierarchs of Crimean Gothia. This is evidenced by numerous churches and monasteries discovered by many-year-long excavations of the site (27 in total). This paper is the first in the scholarship attempt of systematization of all available information from the sources related to the Christian history o
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7

Dushenko, Anton A., and Anna V. Antipenko. "Results of the Chemical Composition Analysis of Metal Mirrors of the Golden Horde Period Excavated in Mangup." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 4, no. 42 (2022): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2022.4.42.61.73.

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The collection of metal mirrors of the Golden Horde period of the Mangup hillfort, situated in the south-western part of the Crimea, includes 19 items. The chemical composition of 17 mirrors was studied using an M1 Mistral (Bruker) X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The measurements were carried out at three points on the front and back sides of the mirrors. Averages were calculated for each side. According to the results of the analysis, the mirrors are made of pewter bronze with additives of lead. The content of pewter in the alloy of mirrors from Mangup ranged from 10 to 38%. The share of lea
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8

Dushenko, Anton. "Bazuband Vambrace Excavated at the Citadel of Mangup." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXIX (December 27, 2024): 243–60. https://doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2024.29.243-260.

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This research addresses the double-leaf vambrace, a unique find for the Crimea. This artefact was discovered within the cultural layer dating from the late-fourteenth and the first quarter of the fifteenth centuries and deposited on the street, located to the west of the octagonal church, in the citadel of Mangup. The mapping of the finds of double-leaf vambraces in Eastern Europe allowed the one to identify three groups of parallels to the artefact in question: the vambraces from Rus’ian settlement assemblages from the mid-thirteenth and fourteenth century; the vambraces from the thirteenth-
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9

Shalyga, Diana. "Gothic Inscriptions from the Basilica at Mangup." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVIII (December 26, 2023): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2023.28.490-496.

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This article supports the discovery of Gothic graffiti on the cornice fragments from the basilica church at Mangup, which was discovered by M. A. Tikhanova in 1938 and, later on, in the 2010s, studied by A. Yu. Vinogradov and M. I. Korobov. Generally, the analysis of the said inscriptions allows the one both to agree with the reading suggested and to address a few disputable points. The comparison has shown the differences between the graphic forms of the first multi-line inscription and the three more inscriptions.
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10

Mogarichev, Yuriy, and Alena Ergina. "Fresco Paintings of Southwest Crimea Cave Churches According to Igor Grabar." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (February 2021): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.6.8.

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Introduction. Today, the remains of fresco paintings are preserved in six cave churches of Taurica: the temple of the Southern Monastery (Mangup); church in the field of Kielse-Tubu (district of Mangup); the temple of the Assumption and the Three Horsemen (Eski-Kermen); the Donators Temple (district of Eski-Kermen); the church number 12 on Zagaytansky rock (Inkerman). Authors of the 19th – early 20th centuries left descriptions of the now lost murals of six more monuments. Methods. Frescos of Crimean cave churches in historiography received insufficient comprehension. Only one monograph was pu
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11

Naumenko, Valery. "Icon-Pendant with an Image of the Saint Warrior-Horseman from the Excavation of the Mangup’s Palace. Old Rus’ or Byzantium?" Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija 26, no. 6 (2021): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.6.6.

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Introduction. The article is devoted to the icon-pendant with the image of the horseman St. George the Warrior, discovered in 2020 in the cultural horizon of the late 13th–14th centuries at the research site of the Mangup’s Princely Palace. Methods. The study is complex. The traditional methods of art history analysis and the method of analogies, widely used in archaeological science, are used in the description and attribution of the sign icon. The dating of the product is established using one of the most important stratigraphic methods in archaeology. In explaining the historical context of
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12

Naumenko, Valerii. "Mangup-Doros in the Theme Period of Its History." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, XХVII (December 15, 2022): 166–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2022.27.166-208.

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The modern reconstruction of the history of the fortified settlement atop Mangup mountain from the mid-ninth to the mid-eleventh century, when it was a part of the Byzantine theme in the Crimea, was developed by A. G. Gertsen in 1990. This article discusses the new materials obtained by recent years of archaeological research of the site which allow significant corrections to it. The review of archaeological objects and complexes from the mid-ninth to the mid-eleventh centuries uncovered in the ancient town shows that Mangup-Doros continued to be a large, well-fortified Byzantine fortress, wit
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13

Barmina, Nadezhda I. "Tombstones of the Cemetery at the Basilica of Mangup." Античная древность и средние века 48 (2020): 327–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2020.48.021.

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The basilica located atop Mangup plateau in the south-western highland is one of the Christian monuments of the Crimea which research provided abundant archaeological materials. Especially interesting to historians are the data related to the investigations at the Christian cemetery which developed in different chronological periods within the basilica and around it. Supplementary excavations of the basilica (1967–2005) uncovered a series of carved tombstones, which featured the architectural properties different from early slab covering of the graves. The tombstones in question testify to the
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14

Vinogradov, Andrey, and Maksim Korobov. "Christian Identity of the Crimean Goths." Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 80, no. 1-2 (2020): 170–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340179.

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Abstract The newly found Gothic inscriptions from Crimea reopened the question of the Christian identity of the Crimean Goths in its interrelation with the Greek-Byzantine environment. The Mangup graffito I.1 and the Late Medieval inscription from Bakhchysarai both contain the acronymised formula ‘(Saviour) God Jesus’ which we think was a purposeful declaration of the Gothic community’s Orthodox Nicene allegiance. The expanded variant of Ps. 76:15 in the graffito of Mangup proves its liturgical character and the involvement of the Crimean Goths with Byzantine liturgical processes. The alternat
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15

Dushenko, Anton. "The Lead Cloth Seals from Post-Byzantine Mangup." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVIII (December 26, 2023): 428–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2023.28.428-449.

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The aim of this research is to introduce into the scholarship a new group of sigillographic materials, or the lead cloth seals. The collection of 23 artefacts was divided into two types according to their morphological characteristics. The cloth seals of type 1 consist of two lead discs, and the cloth seals of type 2 of four discs. Type 1 comprises of three variants. All the artefacts have been interpreted as cloth seals used as markers of provenance and quality standards in the European textile industry from the Middle Ages and the Modern Period. The cloth seals of type 1 seals originate from
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16

Naumenko, Valery. "The “Latins” on Mangup. Unique Western-European Cross-Encolpion from the Excavations of Prince’s Palace in Ancient Mangup: Problems of Attribution and Dating." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (February 2021): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.6.7.

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Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of a unique cross-encolpion of the WesternEuropean type from the excavations of the Mangup Prince’s Palace. Methods. The research is complex. When describing the find, traditional methods of art history analysis were used, and data from X-ray fluorescence studies were used to determine the material of the product. Attribution of the cross is made on the basis of the generally accepted method of analogies in archaeological science. Analysis. The encolpion is related to a small group of cast silver crosses with “Latin” features, which were pro
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17

Naumenko, Valerii Evgen’evich. "Two Examples of the Reconstruction of the Main Defense Line of Mangup Fortress in the Theme Period of Its History." Античная древность и средние века 50 (2022): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2022.50.011.

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The Theme Period in the history of Mangup dates from 841 to the mid-eleventh century. For the first time in many years of archaeological researches at the site, recent excavations revealed two major repairs of the defensive structures of the fortress. These works date from the periods far from each other, and namely the mid-ninth century and the late tenth century; therefore, one may assume that the local Byzantine administration permanently paid attention to the defence capacity of the fortress. The mid-ninth century repair, which traces have been documented by the studies of the fortificatio
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18

Yurochkin, V. "FROM INKERMAN TO MANGUP TO THE 120TH ANNIVERSARY OF E. V. WEIMARN (1905–1990)." SCIENTIFIC NOTES OF V. I. VERNADSKY CRIMEAN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY. HISTORICAL SCIENCE 11, no. 2 (2025): 194–218. https://doi.org/10.29039/2413-1741-2025-11-2-194-218.

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The article continues the research of the scientific activity of the Crimean Medieval archaeologist E. V. Weimarn (1905–1990). It examines the period of work at the Crimean Research Base (Crimean branch) USSR Academy of Sciences, and then at the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR between 1948–1975. His main area of scientific interest included the area of «cave towns» in Southwestern Crimea. The scientist explored a number of archaeological sites in the Inkerman Valley, the «cave cities» of Chufut-Kale and Mangup. Activities of E. V. Weimarn, especially in 1948–195
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19

Naumenko, Valerii E. "Searching the Khazars in Mangup: Some Critical Observations on the Data of Written and Archaeological Sources." Античная древность и средние века 52 (2024): 176–95. https://doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2024.52.010.

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This article examines the available data of written and archaeological sources on the so-called “Khazar” Period in the history of Mangup-Doros, the largest Byzantine castle in the Mountainous Crimea in the Early Middle Ages. As the latest research materials show, the only source testifying to the capture of the castle of Doros by the Khazars ca 786–787 and the presence of the Khazar garrison there is the Life of St John of Gothia. However, the results of current excavations of the site indicate that the castle became a part of the Khazar Khaganate for the short term only, and its material cult
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20

Naumenko, Valerii. "On the Seal of Byzantine Skribonos Excavated at Mangup-Doros. An Historical and Archaeological Commentary." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVIII (December 26, 2023): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2023.28.510-518.

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In 2021, the excavations of an early mediaeval street on the site of the palace of Mangup discovered an early Byzantine lead seal featuring an eagle on the front side and a cross-shaped monogram of Greek letters on the back side. The monogram reads Ἐλευθέριος, σκρίβονος; the seal dates from 550–650 AD, most likely from the late sixth to the first half of the seventh centuries. Skribonoi (scriboni) formed an elite unit of bodyguards of the Byzantine emperors, established under Justinian I (527–565) and existed to the mid-seventh century. Additionally to the function of palace guards and protect
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21

Aibabin, Aleksandr. "For a Discussion About Epigraphic Evidence of the Activities of Byzantium in the Mountainous Crimea in the 6th Century." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija 26, no. 6 (2021): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.6.1.

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Introduction. In the basilicas discovered on the Mangup plateau (fig. 3), in the Karalez valley (fig. 1) that begins at its foot and on Eski-Kermen (fig. 2, 1), inscriptions were found, the interpretation and dating of which caused many years of discussion. Some scientists considered them as evidence of the activities of the Eastern Roman Empire in the region in the 6th century, while other specialists doubted both such an interpretation of the inscriptions and their dating. Methods. To substantiate the chronology of the mentioned inscriptions, it is important to consider the formulas and ling
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22

Gantsev, Valentin Konstantinovich. "Winegrower’s Knives in the Mediaeval Crimea." Античная древность и средние века 49 (2021): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2021.49.011.

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This paper addresses the archaeological evidence of the development of viticulture in the mediaeval Crimea as a specialized branch of agriculture. Although the scholarship mentions the areas where vines were planted (Dimitraki hollow, the vicinity of the castle of Siuiren’, Mangup, etc.), these publications do not provide any appropriate descriptions or illustrations. Therefore, reliable archaeological sources include primarily the finds of special winegrower’s knives with a curved (crescent-shaped) blade. There are three zones of their distribution in the south-western (vicinity of Cherson, E
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23

Dushenko, Anton Anatol’evich. "Building Technique of the Early Byzantine Fortifications of the South-Western Taurica: Historiographical Tradition and Archaeological Realities." Античная древность и средние века 51 (2023): 120–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2023.51.007.

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The system of early mediaeval fortifications in the Byzantine lands in the South- Western Crimea remains an object of discussion. The dating of many fortifications was determined by indirect evidence, particularly the stonework of defensive walls. In the mid-twentieth century, A. L. Yakobson inferred that the Crimean forts of ashlar masonry dated to the age of Justinian I. This article argues that the technique in question appeared in the Hellenistic Period and was used in the defensive walls throughout the history of Byzantium and therefore was not a particular chronological marker. The given
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24

Savelyeva, A. N. "Crimea in the Watercolors of D.M. Strukov, the Moscow Artist." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], no. 3 (June 28, 2014): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2014-0-3-77-82.

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The article describes the versatile personality of D.M. Strukov - the artist, architect, archaeologist, restorer, teacher. There are briefly presented the main milestones of his biography. Special attention is paid to the work of Strukov in the Crimea and to his watercolors "Drawings of the historical monuments of Christianity in Taurida", created in the process of archaeological research in 1867-1892. The author gives the general characteristics and description of the works devoted to ancient temples, in particular to cave cities (Inkerman, Tepe-Kermen, Mangup-Kale and others) and to gravesto
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25

Ruev, V. L. "Results of an archaeological study of the Ottoman siege of Mangup in 1475." Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series 26 (2018): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2018.26.99.

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Mogarychev, Yurii M., and Alena S. Ergina. "CAVE CHURCH AT THE FIELD OF KIELSE-TUBU (DISTRICT OF MANGUP, THE CRIMEA)." Journal of historical philological and cultural studies 3, no. 65 (2019): 166–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/1992-0431-2019-3-65-166-186.

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27

Golev, S. "BURIAL MOUNDS OF ALMALYK-DERE BURIAL GROUND IN THE FUNERARY TRADITIONS OF EASTERN EUROPE." SCIENTIFIC NOTES OF V. I. VERNADSKY CRIMEAN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY. HISTORICAL SCIENCE 10, no. 2 (2024): 30–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-1741-2024-10-2-30-62.

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The article considers three burial mounds from the Almalyk-dere burial ground (Mangup) that date from the second half/end of the 4th – first half of the 5th century and are associated with the initial stage of its operation. The general characteristics of the architectural features of the burial structures are presented, and on this basis a circle of closest analogies is formed from the territories of the North Caucasus, Lower Don region, Dnieper area, interfluve of Dniester and Danube, and Great Hungarian Plain (Alfeld). The greatest connection is typologically traced between the considered f
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Набоков, А. И. "THE KURGAN WITH A CROMLECH AND A DITCH AT THE ALMALYK-DERE (MANGUP) CEMETERY." Краткие сообщения Института археологии (КСИА), no. 271 (October 3, 2023): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.0130-2620.271.168-183.

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В статье всесторонне анализируется комплекс археологических данных из раскопок кургана № 3 раннесредневекового некрополя Алмалык-дере, расположенного в одноименной балке на юго-восточном склоне Мангупского городища (Юго-Западный Крым). Памятник исследовался частями в период 2008–2022 гг. и в итоге представляет собой уникальную погребальную конструкцию, состоящую из курганной насыпи, кольцевой каменной обкладки (кромлеха), ровика с перемычкой в южной части и подбойной могилы в качестве центрального погребения. Обнаруженные находки позволяют надежно соотнести археологический комплекс с мужским в
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29

Bocharov, Sergei G. "Heritage of the Golden Horde: the origins of Crimean Khanat cities." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 2, no. 40 (2022): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2022.2.40.231.241.

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Golden Horde State during its existence on the Crimean Peninsula origin two towns Solkhat – Krym (modern Stariy Krym) and Kirk-Yer (modern Chufut-Kale). At the time of its emergence in the mid-15th century, the Crimean Khanate "inherited" only these two towns on the peninsula. Coastal Genoese towns - Caffa (modern Feodosia), Soldaia (modern Sudak), Cembalo (modern Balaklava) and Vosporo (modern Kerch) were situated near as well as two towns of the Late Byzantine principality Theodoro: the capital of the principality – Theodoro (now Mangup) and the town Calamita (now Inkerman). As a result of t
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Teslenko, I. B. "CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGES OF THE THIRD QUARTER OF THE 15th CENTURY FROM THE FUNA CASTLE: UTENSILS OF THE «GARRISON KITCHEN»." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 34, no. 1 (2020): 31–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2020.01.04.

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The Funa fortress is located in southern Crimea and is one of the reference architectural and archaeological complexes of the Northern Pontic Region with precise date of existence.
 The fortress was built by Mangup authorities near 1423 on the border with possessions of Genoese and was destroyed in a fire during the Turkish invasion of the Crimea in 1475. The detailed chronology of the site which includes three stages of its construction history — 1423, 1425—1450s and 1459—1475, has been developed so far. So it becomes possible to clarify the dating of ceramic finds in line with these per
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31

Gantsev, Valentin. "Rotary Millstones of the 9th–11th Centuries from the Excavations of the Mangup Princely Palace." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (February 2021): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.6.9.

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Introduction. By the results of excavations of the Palace of Principality of Theodoro (1425–1475), a number of architectural and archaeological sites of the pre-palace and post-palace times were revealed. The cultural layer of the middle 9th–11th centuries in the history of Mangup settlement is quite expressive in the Palace complex. The find of three rotary millstones in this layer testifies the connection of local population with farming. Methods. The study is based on a comparative analysis of medieval rotary millstones of the 9th–11th centuries, which were found on the territory of the Pal
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32

Aibabin, Alexander I. "The Early Byzantine and Khazar Periods in the Evolution of the Towns on the Inner Mountain Ridge in the Crimea." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVI (2021): 475–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-189x.2021.26.475-497.

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From the large-scale archaeological researches of individual urban centres located on the Inner Mountain Ridge of the Crimea, atop of the plateaus of Mangup, Eski-Kermen, and Bakla, there are enough reasons to identify and reconstruct the Early Byzantine and Khazar Periods in the evolution of these towns. The analysis of written sources and materials of archaeological excavations allows the one to substantiate the chronology of the two initial periods in the history of the evolution of the towns located on the Inner Mountain Ridge as: 1 – Early Byzantine, from 582 AD to the early eighth centur
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Iozhitsa, Daria. "The Early Mediaeval Capitals Excavated from the “Karalez Basilica”." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, XХVII (December 15, 2022): 144–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2022.27.144-165.

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n 1983, the excavations in Karalez-Dere ravine at the north-western foot of Mangup discovered a church. The scholarship calls this structure the early mediaeval basilica from the seventh to tenth centuries. There are field documents and two excavation reports, but the results of the archaeological studies of the monument have not been published yet. Epigraphic finds have been introduced into scholarly circulation, but the discussion of their chronology continues. At the moment the location of the archaeological collection remains obscure. This article is the first publication of the capitals e
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Aibabin, Aleksandr Il’ich. "The Klimata of Cherson in the Theme Period." Античная древность и средние века 50 (2022): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2022.50.009.

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The theme period in the Klimata of Cherson started in 841. Using the Khazars’ dependence on the Eastern Roman Empire military assistance, Emperor Theophilos returned the towns and forts located on the Inner Range of the Crimean Mountains and established there a new military and administrative unit, the thema (θέμα). The strategos of this theme controlled the fortress of Cherson and neighbouring Klimata, the latter were governed by local archontes. The strategos held supreme power in the region. The archontes were recognized as the Empire’s officials. The strategos was in charge of judicial, fi
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Naumenko, Valerii Evgen’evich, and Aleksander Germanovich Gertsen. "Sasanian Pseudo-Signet-Ring Excavated at the Palace of Mangup: The Aspects of Its Attribution and Interpretation." Античная древность и средние века 49 (2021): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2021.49.007.

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In 2006, the excavation of the palace of the rulers of the Principality of Theodoro (1425–1475) in the central area of the ancient town of Mangup (south-western Crimea) uncovered a unique at this site signet-ring of yellowish chalcedony made in the sixth or early seventh century in Sasanian Iran. This find belongs to a group of the so-called pseudo-signet-rings (muhr); it shows an ellipsoidal shape (flattened hemisphere) with a narrow channel for hanging on the neck, wrist, or belt. On the shield of the signet-ring there is an image of a mountain sheep (аrhar) with steeply curved horns, lying
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PANUKHIN, P. V. "Spatial Location and Architecture of Mangup from the Cave Settlement to the Fort of the Three Empires." Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo, no. 4 (2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2023-4-29-34.

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BEDROS, VLAD. "The Devotion to the Five Companions in Moldavian Texts and Images, ca 1480 – ca 1530: Between Trebizond and Mount Athos." Revue des Études Sud-Est Européennes 2023, no. 61 (2023): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/resee.2023.03.

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Prompted by the frequent inclusion of the Five Martyrs of Sebasteia (also referred to as the Five Companions, or the Araurakan martyrs) in Moldavian wall paintings from the end of the 15th c. and the first decades of the 16th c., my study investigates the implication of this devotional practice. It maps the local evidence for their metaphrastic Passio as textual counterpart for the preserved visual corpus. I discuss the Moldavian iconographic contexts against the backdrop of Late Byzantium and the Balkans, marked by an agency of Mount Athos. I propose that the cult of St. Eustratius and his co
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Naumenko, Valerii. "Tourmarchia of Gothia and Byzantine Topoterete at Mangup at the End of the 10th Early of the 11th Centuries." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (December 2023): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.6.5.

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Introduction. The article examines the circumstances of the simultaneous appearance at the end of the 10th century in the central fortress of the Mountain Crimea – Doros, a byzantine garrison led by topotherete and the establishment of a separate tourmarchia of Gothia in the region. A special study of the issue allows to expand understanding of the causes and content of military-administrative reform. Methods. The research is interdisciplinary in nature. It takes into account all available information from written, sphragistic, epigraphic and archaeological sources about the events that took p
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Gusach, Irina R. "New group of glazed Anatolian Pottery from the Ottoman fortress of Azak." Rossijskaâ arheologiâ, no. 2 (October 31, 2024): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869606324020108.

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The article introduces a new group of glazed pottery of Anatolian production from the archaeological studies of different years (1962, 2004, 2020) on the territory of the former Ottoman fortress of Azak in the North-Eastern Azov Region. Among the finds, there are 20 fragments of open shaped vessels (bowls, plates) and one fragment of the lid which originate from redeposited cultural layer of the site dated back to the late Middle Ages – Modern period. Close analogies can be found on the Crimean peninsula in the materials from the excavations in Sudak, Aluston, Cembalo, Mangup, Partenit, Biyuk-
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Aibabin, Aleksandr. "Christianization of the Goths and Alanians in the South-Western Crimea in the 4th—6th Centuries." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 4 (September 5, 2024): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp2445571.

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The written accounts and archaeological evidence allow us to speak about the emergence of the Gothic and Alanian Christian communities in the Mountainous Crimea in the second half of the 4th century. It is for these communities that the dipinti εὐλογία amphorae with wine for worship were imported. The Christianization of the limes “barbarians” intensified after Emperor Theodosius I issued edicts in 380 and 381, proclaiming Christianity of the Nicene confession as the only state religion and equating church structures with state institutions. Under Justinian I, the empire built the first promin
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Kirilko, Vladimir. "The Reverse Side of the Detail: Stone Sculpture of the Theodorites in the 15th Century." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 6 (December 31, 2024): 119–40. https://doi.org/10.55086/sp246119140.

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As the most important compositional and decorative elements of a building, stone architectural details could also have structural significance or represent spolia adapted for new needs. As a result, their upper, lower, lateral, and back surfaces are often no less informative than the frontal surfaces, adorned with exquisite carvings or dedication texts. In this regard, the architectural decoration of the monumental buildings of Mangup, Funa, and Kalamita, the three key settlements of the so-called Principality of Theodoro — the capital city, the ancestral castle on the eastern outskirts of the
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Naumenko, Valerii. "For the Discussion on the “Black Sea” and “Globular” Amphorae in Byzantine Taurica. Some Observations concerning Their Chronology and Attribution in the Light of New Archaeological Data." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXIX (December 27, 2024): 157–82. https://doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2024.29.157-182.

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This article addresses the results of modern studies of the main types of transport amphorae in the Byzantine Taurica for the period of the “Dark Ages.” The analysis attracts new archaeological complexes from the Crimea, the Lower Don Area, the Taman Peninsula, and the North Caucasus containing imported “Globular” amphorae and the “Black Sea” amphorae produced in the pottery centres of the Crimean Peninsula and published over the past 15 years. The conclusion is that from the second half of the seventh to the first half of the eighth centuries, the main type of amphora products on the local ma
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Vinogradov, Andrey Yu, and Mikhail S. Zheltov. "The “Apocryphal” Inscription from Mangup, Crimea, and Rituals of “Exposing the Thief”: Magic and Law from Antiquity to the Middle Ages." Slovene 4, no. 1 (2015): 52–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2015.4.1.4.

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The discovery of a Byzantine bread stamp inscribed with the text of Ps 29:8 in the ruins of Mangup Basilica in Crimea allows the authors of this article to revise the entire tradition of the Byzantine magical and folk “recipes” for revealing a thief; it is this context in which this verse is used in combination with a special bread. Prototypes of these recipes and procedures are attested in the late antique syncretic (pagan-Judeo-Christian) magical papyri, in which private persons are advised to detect thieves by means of special spells, used either on their own or in combination with bread an
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Mogarichev, Yu М., and Alena S. Ergina. "The Murals of the Cave Church of the South Mangup Monastery: the specifics of the iconography and the features of the composition." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 2, no. 28 (2019): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/2019.2.28.210.223.

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Mogarichev, Yuriy M., and Alena S. Ergina. "The Murals of the Cave Church of the South Mangup Monastery: the specifics of the iconography and the features of the composition." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 2, no. 28 (2019): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2019.2.28.210.223.

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Khrapunov, Nikita I. "Victor de Caraman’s Crimean Travel." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVI (2021): 498–527. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-189x.2021.26.498-527.

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This paper analyses a poorly-known source on the history of the Crimea, the travelogue by French Victor de Caraman, who visited the peninsula in spring 1784. The 22-year-old traveller made a tour of Europe as a part of the educational programme foreseeing practical acquaintance with the life of foreign countries and strange peoples. His travel diary was intended for memory and not for publication. Later on, de Caraman made an outstanding career on the French diplomatic service. The Crimean fragment of his travelogue was published after his death. Although de Caraman was under protection of alm
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Nabokov, Artur. "The Glass Vessels Excavated at the Cemetery of Almalyk." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXVIII (December 26, 2023): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2023.28.141-160.

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The article discusses the glass vessels found during the excavations of the cemetery in Almalyk-dere ravine at the north-eastern slope of Mangup mountain. As the cemetery of Almalyk was plundered two times, in antiquity and in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, its graves contained almost no glass vessels in situ, and the overwhelming majority of the finds were uncovered in the soil secondary deposited by the looters. The forms of the vessels comprise of the pitchers, tumblers/cups, dishes, bowls, and open-type vessels tentatively called cups. Some of the items were documented
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Бармина, Н.И. "Погребальные памятники мангупской базилики". ПРИЧЕРНОМОРЬЕ. История, политика, культура. 2017. Серия А. Античность и Средневековье, № XXII(VII) (2017): 91–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.849289.

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<em>В ходе многолетнего доследования Мангупской базилики (с 1967 по 2005 годы) было установлено, что в течение всего периода существования этого большого христианского ансамбля построек ему сопутствовали различного рода погребальные памятники. Было выявлено 88 гробниц, 7 могил и более 500 грунтовых погребений. В статье рассматриваются отдельные грунтовые погребения и три гробницы. Установлено, что самой ранней гробницей на юго-восточном участке за базиликой была гробница № 35 (конец </em><em>IX</em><em>–</em><em>X</em><em> вв.). Концом </em><em>XIV</em><em> в. датируются гробницы № 27 и № 28 и
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Aybabin, Aleksandr. "Christianization of the Goths in the Region of Dory." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, no. XXIX (December 27, 2024): 291–304. https://doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2024.29.291-304.

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The sixth-century Byzantine historian Procopius placed the Gothic region of Dory (Δόρυ) in the south-western Crimea. Procopius kept silence religious views of the inhabitants of Dory. Undoubtedly, they confessed Christianity, “like other Gothic peoples.” As written sources contain no reliable information about the existence of a Gothic diocese in the mountainous Crimea from the fourth to sixth century, the date when Christianity started spreading among the barbarians of the south-western Crimea is to uncovered by the materials of excavations of the cemeteries they created. Archaeological mater
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Hayredinova, El'zara. "Topography of the Mediaeval Town atop of the Plateau of Eski-Kermen." Materials in Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria, XХVII (December 15, 2022): 513–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-189x.2022.27.513-550.

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The Polish ambassador to the Crimean khan Marcin Broniewski was the first to inform of the “ancient town and castle” located in the vicinity of Mangup and the settlement of Cherkes-Kermen: he visited the site in 1578. The historical name of the town remains obscure. Travelogues often call the ruins of the nameless town the “Circassian castle,” or Cherkes-Kermen after the name of the nearby village. In the late nineteenth century, the site received the common name of Eski-Kermen (Crimean Tatar for the “old castle”), which was used by the locals already in the eighteenth century. In the last dec
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