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Journal articles on the topic 'Manned and unmanned aircraft'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Skobir, Zmago, and Tone Magister. "Assessment of a Light Unmanned Aircraft Ground Impact Energy." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 23, no. 2 (2012): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v23i2.136.

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The subject of investigation are unmanned aircraft lighter than 150kg under control by national aviation authorities and therefore prudently requiring harmonized individual state regulations. Originated from a general premise that the unmanned aircraft regulations should evolve from the existing standards for manned aircraft of equivalent class or category, the light fixed wing unmanned aircraft equivalence to the manned aircraft is defined in the form of sets of equivalency and non-equivalency based on the established administrative type of methodology of impact kinetic energy comparison. The

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2

Hu, Yang, and Wenhui Zhang. "Modeling framework for analyzing midair encounters in hybrid airspace where manned and unmanned aircraft coexist." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 15 (2019): 5492–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410019847855.

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The integration of unmanned aircraft system into nonsegregated airspace raises safety concerns of midair encounters in the hybrid airspace where manned and unmanned aircraft coexist. This paper aims at developing a new modeling framework with improved modeling capability and feasibility for analyzing the midair encounters in hybrid airspace. This modeling framework includes models of different components (airspace, human pilot, manned aircraft, unmanned aircraft, etc.) involved in midair encounters. As a key component, human pilot is modeled to contain different information processing stages w

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Götten, F., D. F. Finger, M. Havermann, C. Braun, M. Marino, and C. Bil. "Full configuration drag estimation of short-to-medium range fixed-wing UAVs and its impact on initial sizing optimization." CEAS Aeronautical Journal 12, no. 3 (2021): 589–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00522-w.

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AbstractThe paper presents the derivation of a new equivalent skin friction coefficient for estimating the parasitic drag of short-to-medium range fixed-wing unmanned aircraft. The new coefficient is derived from an aerodynamic analysis of ten different unmanned aircraft used for surveillance, reconnaissance, and search and rescue missions. The aircraft is simulated using a validated unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes approach. The UAV’s parasitic drag is significantly influenced by the presence of miscellaneous components like fixed landing gears or electro-optical sensor turrets. These

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4

Alfredson, Jens, and Ulrika Ohlander. "System Characteristics and Contextual Constraints for Future Fighter Decision Support." International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 7, no. 1 (2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.2016010101.

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Research on decision support systems for fighter aircraft has to regard future manned and unmanned cooperating aircraft. This paper highlights system characteristics and contextual constraints to guide research as well as system development. Long term trends have been identified for the domain that has to be coped with, including the transformation of the fighter pilot from pilot to tactical decision maker. Automation strategies have to be developed to support manned and unmanned aircraft in a joint cognitive system. For instance, for intelligent fighter pilot support, for distributed unmanned

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Mott, John H., Zachary A. Marshall, Mark A. Vandehey, Mike May, and Darcy M. Bullock. "Detection of Conflicts Between ADS-B-Equipped Aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 1 (2020): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119900645.

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Versatile unmanned aerial system (UAS) platforms have grown significantly in popularity by virtue of their low cost relative to manned aircraft, high performance, and operational simplicity. While the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) currently regulates the operating altitudes, speeds, weights, pilot qualifications, and locations of drones, a lack of capacity and technology prohibits sufficient enforcement of these restrictions. To assess the frequency and severity of manned and unmanned aircraft separation incidents, and to examine the emerging sensor technology available to facilitate s

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6

Zhou, Chao, Chi Huang, Longyang Huang, Chuanjiang Xie, Xingyu Zhu, and Tao Huang. "Research on Lateral Safety Spacing for Fusion Operation Based on Unmanned and Manned Aircraft-Event Modeling." Sensors 24, no. 2 (2024): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24020553.

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With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology and its increasing application across various fields, current airspace resources are insufficient for unmanned aerial vehicles’ needs. This paper, taking Zigong General Aviation Airport in Sichuan as a case study, explores the lateral safety spacing in a mixed operation mode of unmanned aerial vehicles and manned aircraft. Currently, there are no standardized regulations for the safe spacing of the fusion operation of unmanned and manned aircraft. Theoretical research is essential to provide a reference for actual operations. It

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7

Lin, Chin E., and Ya-Hsien Lai. "UAV Path Prediction for CD&R to Manned Aircraft in a Confined Airspace for Cooperative Mission." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8759836.

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In this paper, a new path prediction approach for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for conflict detection and resolution (CD&R) to manned aircraft in cooperative mission in a confined airspace is proposed. Path prediction algorithm is established to estimate UAV flight trajectory to predict conflict threat to manned aircraft in time advances (front-end process of CD&R system). A hybrid fusion model is formulated based on three different trajectory prediction conditions considering scenarios in geographical conditions to aid the generation of appropriate resolution advisory of conflict a

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8

Finigian, Michael, Peter Apostolos Kavounas, Ian Ho, et al. "Design and Flight Test of a Tube-Launched Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Aerospace 11, no. 2 (2024): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11020133.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have already proven valuable for intelligence, search, and reconnaissance missions; however, their integration into manned aircraft to augment existing capabilities is still an emerging field. This paper describes the design of an aircraft that fits inside a G-sized sonobuoy canister, deploys from a manned aircraft in-flight, and flies for up to 111 km and 83 min while providing telemetry to a remote operator. While UAVs with similar performance requirements exist, most were designed to fit in larger canisters. Multiple UAVs can be deployed in the air to expand

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9

Scott, Benjamyn I. "Open Skies for Unmanned Aircraft in Europe: An Outlier or a New Approach?" Air and Space Law 46, Issue 1 (2021): 57–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2021003.

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Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/947 and Commission Delegated Regulation 2019/945 contain, inter alia, the detailed rules and procedures for the operation of unmanned aircraft. The rules were developed by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency with the goal of ensuring a high level of safety for all unmanned operations as the number one priority. The two regulations, in addition to providing safety-based rules rooted within the European aviation safety acquis, can also be seen as a set of rules providing access to the single European sky for both EU and third-country operators. This

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10

Pérez-Castán, Javier Alberto, Fernando Gómez Comendador, Ana Belén Cardenas-Soria, Dominik Janisch, and Rosa M. Arnaldo Valdés. "Identification, Categorisation and Gaps of Safety Indicators for U-Space." Energies 13, no. 3 (2020): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030608.

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Many civilian applications of commercial unmanned aircraft are being planned to operate in the years ahead. Several countries have developed their own framework to design the operation of unmanned aircraft and the different services that demand safe operation. This paper focuses on the European framework denoted as U-space which concludes with the joint integration of manned and unmanned aircraft in the airspace. U-space is a set of novel services and specific procedures designed to provide safe and efficient access into the airspace to the airspace users. U-space constitutes a management syst

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11

Taylor, Grant S., Thomas J. Alicia, Terry Turpin, and Amit Surana. "Controlling Multiple Unmanned Aircraft from a Manned Helicopter: The Need for Advanced Autonomy and Refined Pilot-Vehicle Interface." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (2017): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601485.

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Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T) is a military concept that employs unmanned aerial systems (UASs) in support of traditional manned aircraft. The current ratio of manned to unmanned aircraft in MUM-T operations is one to one with a goal to expand to multiple UASs to further enhance the capability, but this imposes significant challenges on the operator. To address these challenges, this research implemented automated UAS behaviors combined with a pilot-vehicle interface tailored to provide supervisory control over multiple UASs. Results demonstrated that this combination of technologies allows

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Gołąbek, Michał, Michał Welcer, Cezary Szczepański, Mariusz Krawczyk, Albert Zajdel, and Krystian Borodacz. "Quaternion Attitude Control System of Highly Maneuverable Aircraft." Electronics 11, no. 22 (2022): 3775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223775.

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In the era of rapid advancements in manned and unmanned aviation and robotics, there is a need for high-performance, robust attitude control of highly maneuverable fixed-wing aircraft, both manned and unmanned (UAVs). This paper presents an extension to research on spacecraft attitude control. The article extends existing concepts and applies them to the control problem of aircraft operating in Earth’s atmosphere. First, a general concept of quaternions is presented. Next, the attitude controller’s architecture is discussed. The controller synthesis is described using quaternion algebra. The q

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13

Huang, Longyang, Chi Huang, Chao Zhou, Chuanjiang Xie, Zerong Zhao, and Tao Huang. "Research on the Collision Risk of Fusion Operation of Manned Aircraft and Unmanned Aircraft at Zigong Airport." Sensors 24, no. 15 (2024): 4842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24154842.

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Low-altitude airspace is developing rapidly, but the utilization rate of airspace resources is low. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the safe operation of the fusion of large UAVs and manned aircraft in the same airspace, this paper analyzes the theoretical calculation of the collision risk of the fusion operation of manned aircraft and UAVs at Feng Ming Airport in Zigong, verifying that while assessing the safety spacing of 10 km in the lateral direction, it further simulates the possibility of calculating the theoretical smaller safety spacing. The study will propose a new theory

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14

Groves, Phillip A., Brad Alcorn, Michelle M. Wiest, Jacek M. Maselko, and William P. Connor. "Testing unmanned aircraft systems for salmon spawning surveys." FACETS 1, no. 1 (2017): 187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2016-0019.

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Unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) were tested for counting Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) redds as a more accurate, safer alternative to manned helicopter flights. Counting redds from the helicopter was less expensive and time consuming, but of the total redds counted at selected sites with a UAS, an average (± SD) of only 77% ± 14% was counted from the helicopter. A river-wide census of redds was not possible with a UAS because the study area was too large for the single field crew to survey. Simulation analyses were used to compare stratified random sampling (STRS) and sampling pr

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15

Volkov, Olexandr Ye, and Volodymyr M. Simakhin. "Technology of an Unmanned Aircraft Control in Conflict Situations." Control Systems and Computers, no. 1 (305) (2024): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/csc.2024.01.027.

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Introduction. The motion control of traditional manned aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has many distinctions that directly affect the process of conflict resolution. The problem of resolving conflict situations involving different types of aircraft is relevant due to the rapid development of unmanned aircraft and the expansion of its application areas. Purpose. The aim of the paper is to develop a technology for controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle in conflict situations, which will allow optimizing the maneuver trajectory based on a number of criteria and ensure safe separation

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16

Finke, Michael, and Sandro Lorenz. "Segmented Standard Taxi Routes—A New Way to Integrate Remotely Piloted Aircraft into Airport Surface Traffic." Aerospace 7, no. 6 (2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7060083.

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The safe and orderly integration of unmanned aircraft in the airspace is surely among the most difficult challenges to be solved in the near future. However, a safe and fluid traffic management on the ground is not less important and not less challenging, as completely different aspects have to be considered here. Much less work has been done yet to solve this question. In the frame of the project Surface Management Operations (SuMO), a procedural solution has been developed to enable fully integrated unmanned airport ground movements while allowing air traffic controllers to guarantee a safe,

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17

Jenab, Kouroush, and Joseph Pineau. "Automation of Air Traffic Management Using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm to Integrate Unmanned Aerial Systems into the National Airspace." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (2018): 3169. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3169-3178.

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Unmaned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have been increasing in popularity in personal, commercial, and military applications. The increase of the use of UAS poses a significant risk to general air travel, and will burden an already overburdened Air Traffic Control (ATC) network if the Air Traffic Management (ATM) system does not undergo a revolutionary change. Already there have been many near misses reported in the news with personal hobbyist UAS flying in controlled airspace near airports almost colliding with manned aircraft. The expected increase in the use of UAS over the upcoming years will exac

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18

Долгих, В. С. "ОСНОВНІ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ СТВОРЕННЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНОЇ АВІАЦІЙНОЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ". Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, № 94 (9 лютого 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2021.94.04.

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The use of unmanned aerial vehicles is at an early stage, which is characterized by a significant level of development of unmanned aerial vehicles and their elements, as well as the lack of grounds for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in real technological processes. The resolution of this contradiction requires the solution of various problems of a conceptual, technical, technological, methodological, organizational, legal and regulatory nature.The use of an unmanned aviation transport system helps to avoid the traditional mistakes that arise during the manned use of aviation technology, e

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19

Zhou, Liang, Xian Yi, and Qinglin Liu. "A Review of Icing Research and Development of Icing Mitigation Techniques for Fixed-Wing UAVs." Drones 7, no. 12 (2023): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7120709.

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With the continuous expansion of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications, the threat of icing on UAV flights has garnered increased attention. Understanding the icing principles and developing anti-icing technologies for unmanned aircraft is a crucial step in mitigating the icing threat. However, existing research indicates that changes in Reynolds numbers have a significant impact on the physics of ice accretion. Icing studies on aircraft operating at high Reynolds numbers cannot be directly applied to unmanned aircraft, and mature anti-icing/deicing techniques for manned aircraft cannot b

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20

Siaud, Pierre-Frédéric. "The Liability Regime for the Transportation of Goods by Drones: Is There a Need for a European Union Initiative?" Air and Space Law 47, Issue 3 (2022): 375–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2022020.

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The use of civil Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is becoming more common place, and the application and development of this technology open the door for numerous opportunities, particularly from a commercial perspective. This article first provides an overview of the liability regime applicable in the European Union for the transportation of goods by UAS (otherwise known as drones), or more precisely, emphasises the lack of a liability regime adapted to unmanned aircraft operations within the Single European Sky. Second, an overview of the liability regime for the transportation of goods under

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21

Park, Hyeong-Uk, Joon Chung, Jae-Woo Lee, and Daniel Neufeld. "Unmanned aerial vehicle derivative design optimization based on light sport aircraft." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 3 (2016): 485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016640805.

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Manufacturers often develop new products by modifying and extending existing products in order to achieve new market demands while minimizing development time and manufacturing costs. In this research, an efficient derivative design process was developed to efficiently adapt existing aircraft designs according to new requirements. The proposed design process was evaluated using a case study that derives an unmanned aerial vehicle design from a baseline manned 2-seatlight sport aircraft. Multiple unmanned aerial vehicle operational scenarios were analysed to define the requirements of the deriv

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22

Verbeke, Jon, and Joris De Schutter. "Experimental maneuverability and agility quantification for rotary unmanned aerial vehicle." International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles 10, no. 1 (2017): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756829317736204.

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Multicopters are the most popular rotary type of unmanned aerial vehicles. They are a type of helicopter with three or more, usually fixed-pitch, propellers that lift and control the platform by individually changing their rotational velocities. The main advantages of a multicopter are its compactness, robustness, and low cost to build and repair. However, currently no published research determines objectively, quantitatively, and experimentally, the maneuverability and agility of multicopters. Numerous maneuverability and agility metrics, together with detailed test procedures and minimum req

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Cwojdziński, Leszek, Jerzy Lewitowicz, and Andrzej Żyluk. "The Collisions Between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Manned Aircraft / Kolizje Bezzałogowych Statków Powietrznych Z Załogowymi Statkami Powietrznymi." Journal of KONBiN 22, no. 1 (2012): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2013-0017.

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Abstract Combat missions of both a single multi-role manned aircraft (MMRA) and a group of aircraft. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and operations thereof. Airspace for combat missions. Issues of UAV control. Scenarios of air operations with MMRA and UAVs engaged. The risk of collision in the airspace. Probability that flight routes overlap and hence, the risk of collision.

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Qowim, Minhajul. "PENGARUH PARAMETER VARIASI ASPEK RASIO PADA ANALISIS CFD AERODINAMIKA AIRFOIL NACA 0012." J-ENSITEC 10, no. 01 (2023): 856–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/jensitec.v10i01.5525.

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Indonesia, as the world's largest archipelagic country, benefits from its unique geographical conditions, making airplanes the most suitable mode of transportation. This is evident from the increasing number of airlines, a notable development in the aviation field, particularly in military aviation, is the advancement of drones or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). In recent years, there has been rapid technological progress in fixed-wing UAV technology. UAVs are unmanned aircraft that can be remotely controlled by pilots or capable of autonomous flight using aerodynamic principles to generate l

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Li, Yue, Wei Han, Qingyang Chen, and Yong Zhang. "Real-Time Obstacle Avoidance for Manned/Unmanned Aircraft Cooperative System Based on Improved Velocity Obstacle Method." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 38, no. 2 (2020): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20203820309.

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To adapt the autonomous level of agents in current, and to perform the advantages of multi-agent in air combat, the form of manned/unmanned aircraft cooperative system has gradually become a hot topic. To solve the issue of three-dimensional (3D) real-time obstacle avoidance, the 3D maneuvering obstacle model is established firstly based on the traditional velocity obstacle method. Then the flight mode is selected and the optimal obstacle avoidance plane is determined by setting the Right-of-way rules when the system encountering obstacles. Finally, the difference of obstacle avoidance plane,

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26

Masutti, Anna. "Proposals for the Regulation of Unmanned Air Vehicle Use in Common Airspace." Air and Space Law 34, Issue 1 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2009001.

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In the past UAVs have mainly been used for military purposes. Recently, UAV applications for civil use have been developed, but a clear legal framework is needed so as to permit UAVs to fly outside segregated areas with other traffic, assuring the same safety and security standards as for manned aircraft. Modern UAVs are in effect an entire system, i.e. UAS (Unmanned Air System), which comprises the aircraft and the ground control station. The correct interpretation of EU Regulation 216/08 leads to the conclusion that even UAVs are subject to the same airworthiness requirements as those for ma

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Kouroush, Jenab, and Pineau Joseph. "Automation of Air Traffic Management Using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm to Integrate Unmanned Aerial Systems into the National Airspace." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (2018): 3169–78. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3169-3178.

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Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have been increasing in popularity in personal, commercial, and military applications. The increase of the use of UAS poses a significant risk to general air travel, and will burden an already overburdened Air Traffic Control (ATC) network if the Air Traffic Management (ATM) system does not undergo a revolutionary change. Already there have been many near misses reported in the news with personal hobbyist UAS flying in controlled airspace near airports almost colliding with manned aircraft. The expected increase in the use of UAS over the upcoming years will exa

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Wijnker, Dirk, Tom van Dijk, Mirjam Snellen, Guido de Croon, and Christophe De Wagter. "Hear-and-avoid for unmanned air vehicles using convolutional neural networks." International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles 13 (January 2021): 175682932199213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756829321992137.

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To investigate how an unmanned air vehicle can detect manned aircraft with a single microphone, an audio data set is created in which unmanned air vehicle ego-sound and recorded aircraft sound are mixed together. A convolutional neural network is used to perform air traffic detection. Due to restrictions on flying unmanned air vehicles close to aircraft, the data set has to be artificially produced, so the unmanned air vehicle sound is captured separately from the aircraft sound. They are then mixed with unmanned air vehicle recordings, during which labels are given indicating whether the mixe

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Colefax, Andrew P., Paul A. Butcher, and Brendan P. Kelaher. "The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to conduct marine fauna surveys in place of manned aircraft." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 1 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx100.

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Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in marine wildlife research. As technological developments rapidly advance the versatility and functionality of affordable UAVs, their potential as a marine aerial survey tool is quickly gaining attention. Currently, there is significant interest in whether cost-effective UAVs can outperform manned aircraft in aerial surveys of marine fauna at sea, although few empirical studies have compared relative sampling efficiency, accuracy and precision. Civil aviation restrictions, and subsequent available civilian technologies, make it un

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Roziqin, Arif, Oktavianto Gustin, Sudra Irawan, et al. "Pembuatan Peta Foto Udara Menggunakan Drone DJI Phantom 4 RTK dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek di Tanjung Riau, Kota Batam." Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Politeknik Negeri Batam 5, no. 2 (2024): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/abdimaspolibatam.v5i2.5542.

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The rapid development of large-scale infrastructure in Indonesia indicates the need for solutions for fast crack applications with accurate results using methods that are efficient in terms of time and data generated. One example of the development of mapping technology in this modern era is aerial photography not only using manned aircraft, but you can also use an unmanned aerial vehicle or UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). This unmanned aircraft is better known as a drone, which is currently at an affordable price, easy to get and has the ability to shoot like a manned aircraft. Measurements we

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Galffy, Andras, Rainer Gaggl, Robert Mühlbacher, Daniel Frank, Johannes Schlarp, and Georg Schitter. "Turbulence load prediction for manned and unmanned aircraft by means of anticipating differential pressure measurements." CEAS Aeronautical Journal 12, no. 3 (2021): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00512-y.

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AbstractThis paper focuses on the prediction of disturbance effects of the vertical acceleration of an aircraft flying in atmospheric turbulence. To this end, 5-hole probes with high-dynamic differential pressure sensors are installed in front of a fixed-wing unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and a manned experimental aircraft to measure the local airspeed and angle of attack of the airflow. Test flights are performed in light, moderate and severe turbulence to assess the anticipating character and the accuracy of the predicted acceleration. Thereby, depending on the flown airspeed, anticipation

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Prasetiyo, Riyan Eko, Romie Oktovianus Bura, Gita Amperiawan, Muhammad Nainar, Sezsy Yuniorrita Yusuf, and Ony Afriyanto. "The Combination of Manned and Unmanned Combat Aircraft (UCAV) as a Collaborative Combat Operations to Strengthen Indonesia's Air Defense System." Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity 10, no. 1 (2024): 124–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v10i1.19444.

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Airspace violations that occur in Indonesia are a form of threat to state sovereignty, national security, and national safety. The violations are actions taken by foreign military and civilian aircraft that enter the country's territory without permission. Therefore, a strong national air defense system is needed. Ambush fighters with fast reaction capabilities are one of the main elements in a strong national air defense system. The fighter ambush mission can be accompanied by stealth unmanned aircraft technology similar to fighter aircraft, namely Unmanned Combat Aircraft (UCAV), as a Collab

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Weinert, Andrew, Marc Brittain, and Randal Guendel. "Frequency of ADS-B Equipped Manned Aircraft Observed by the OpenSky Network." Proceedings 59, no. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020059015.

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To support integration of unmanned aerial systems into the airspace, the low altitude airspace needs to be characterized. Identifying the frequency of different aircraft types, such as rotorcraft or fixed wing single engine, given criteria such as altitude, airspace class, or quantity of seats can inform surveillance requirements, flight test campaigns, or simulation safety thresholds for detect and avoid systems. We leveraged observations of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) equipped aircraft by the OpenSky Network for this characterization.

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Szabolcsi, Róbert. "Pilot Induced Oscillations of the Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 30, no. 3 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2024-0098.

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Abstract The unintentional inputs of the UAV operators in certain conditions might lead to the unwanted, pilot induced oscillations (PiO) of the aircraft. The PiOs might cause severe damages of the UAV, or as the worth, might lead to the loss of the aircraft. The PiOs of the manned aircraft are in the focus of attention for many decades. However, the PiOs of the UAVs became an important issue worth to investigate only in the past few years. Thus, scientific results and proven statements gained in this field might enrich both the on-going UAV operator training programs and UAV autopilot design

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Nitzschner, Marco Michael, Ursa K. J. Nagler, and Michael Stein. "Identifying Accident Factors in Military Aviation." International Journal of Disaster Response and Emergency Management 2, no. 1 (2019): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdrem.2019010104.

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Investigating accidents is an important method to enhance safety in aviation. Nevertheless, it is equally important to examine trends and factors across different accidents to adapt accordingly. Therefore, in the first study, 48 accidents and incidents occurring to manned military aircraft of the German Armed Forces between the years 2004 and 2014 were analyzed using the HFACS framework. Results show that preconditions for unsafe acts (37.7%) was observed most often, followed by unsafe acts (36.2%) and organizational influences (17.9%). Unsafe supervision was observed least often (8.2%). Thus,

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Hirling, Oliver, and Florian Holzapfel. "O.R.C.U.S. risk assessment tool for operations of light UAS above Germany." International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems 5, no. 1 (2017): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijius-08-2016-0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss European Aviation Safety Agency’s (EASA’s) Prototype Regulation on Unmanned Aircraft Operation and introduce the tool Operational Risk Considerations for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (O.R.C.U.S.). In contrast to existing airworthiness regulations for civil manned aircraft, EASA’s approach is focussed on flight operations and not aircraft, a significant change for the domain of civil airworthiness. Design/methodology/approach O.R.C.U.S. is a software risk analysis tool developed by the corresponding author. It encompasses all relevant factors for fli

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NIU, Yifeng, Lincheng SHEN, Jie LI, and Xiangke WANG. "Key scientific problems in cooperation control of unmanned-manned aircraft systems." SCIENTIA SINICA Informationis 49, no. 5 (2019): 538–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/n112019-00008.

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Lim, Yixiang, Alessandro Gardi, Roberto Sabatini, et al. "Avionics Human-Machine Interfaces and Interactions for Manned and Unmanned Aircraft." Progress in Aerospace Sciences 102 (October 2018): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2018.05.002.

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Wang, Yan, Zhao Yang, and Jiachen Li. "Performance evaluation of manned and unmanned aircraft operation in integrated airspace." IET Conference Proceedings 2024, no. 35 (2025): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2025.0360.

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Homainejad, N., and C. Rizos. "APPLICATION OF MULTIPLE CATEGORIES OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS) IN DIFFERENT AIRSPACES FOR BUSHFIRE MONITORING AND RESPONSE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1/W4 (August 26, 2015): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w4-55-2015.

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Demand and interest in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) for civilian applications, and advances in technology such as development of sense-and-avoid systems, will soon allow UAS to be flown alongside manned aircrafts in non-segregated airspace. An area that can benefit from the application of UAS is the bushfire services sector. Currently such services rely on watchtowers, fixed-wing manned aircrafts and satellite data for reliable information. UAS are a promising alternative to traditional methods of collecting bushfire data. There are several varieties of UAS and each category has certain lim

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Manzo, Alessandro, Giovanni Riccardi, Giuseppe D’Angelo, et al. "Sesar PJ13 Erica “Enable RPAS Insertion in Controlled Airspace”- Validation experiment for the long-term integration of RPAS in an Italian TMA air traffic scenario." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2526, no. 1 (2023): 012103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2526/1/012103.

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Abstract Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), are increasingly becoming a part of our day-to-day lives. The vast range of possible uses is creating a new industry with a large economic potential. The technological developments are being developed at a much faster pace than that for manned aviation. From an operational perspective, the challenge lies in integrating the worlds of manned and unmanned aircraft in a safe and efficient way allowing both types of aircraft to use the same airspace. This paper is aimed at describing the results of a validation exercise executed in the frame of the

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Huang, Yanbo, Gary Feng, Haile Tewolde, and Mark W. Shankle. "Remote Sensing from Different Sources for Crop Growth Monitoring in the Area of the Lower Northern Mississippi." Challenges 14, no. 1 (2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe14010012.

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Remote sensing monitoring of crop growth began from airborne photography to assist in crop pest management and has evolved into monitoring from satellites, manned aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and ground-based systems for crop production process modeling, optimization, and control. In recent years, for crop growth remote sensing monitoring, apart from satellites, manned aircrafts, and ground-based systems, UAVs have been developed and widely used for low-altitude remote sensing of crop fields to uniquely provide a cost-effective, flexible tool for field crop growth remote sensing.

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Sanchez-Carmona, Alejandro, Daniel del Río Velilla, Antonio Fernández López, and Cristina Cuerno-Rejado. "Preliminary Design of a Tandem-Wing Unmanned Aerial System." Aerospace 12, no. 5 (2025): 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12050363.

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The drone industry is continuously growing. The regulatory framework that allows these aircraft to operate safely is gradually evolving, enabling missions with growing associated risks, although it is not progressing at the same speed as the industry itself. To provide certainty to regulators, it is necessary to employ design methodologies that are recognized in the aerospace industry. Therefore, in this work, we addressed the design and manufacturing of a lightweight unconventional-configuration unmanned aircraft by adapting widely known conceptual design methodologies from manned aviation fr

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Highland, P., J. Williams, M. Yazvec, et al. "Modelling of unmanned aircraft visibility for see-and-avoid operations." Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems 8, no. 4 (2020): 265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2020-0011.

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With more unmanned aircraft (UA) becoming airborne each day, an already high manned aircraft to UA exposure rate continues to grow. Pilots and rulemaking authorities realize that UA visibility is a real, but unquantified, threat to operations under the see-and-avoid concept. To finally quantify the threat, a novel contrast-based UA visibility model is constructed here using collected empirical data as well as previous work on the factors affecting visibility. This work showed that UA visibility <1300 m makes a midair collision a serious threat if a manned aircraft and a UA are on a collisio

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PRISACARIU, Vasile, Ionica Circiu, and Alexandru Tudor. "CONSIDERATIONS ON SEVERE METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA FOR AIRCRAFT FLIGHTS IN ROMANIA." Review of the Air Force Academy 22, no. 2 (2024): 5–12. https://doi.org/10.19062/1842-9238.2024.22.2.1.

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Weather conditions and events have a significant impact on the flight of civil or military manned or unmanned aircraft (UAV/UAS). Adverse and/or dangerous weather conditions force flights to be delayed, diverted, canceled or may cause events with undesirable consequences due to their influence on both aircraft and pilots through biometeorological implications. This paper presents meteorological phenomena hazardous to aircraft flight and the human factor from the perspective of methods and instruments used to detect atmospheric and environmental phenomena.

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Sándor, Zsolt. "Challenges Caused by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in the Air Traffic Management." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 47, no. 2 (2017): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.11204.

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The increasing number of unmanned aerial vehicle poses new challenges in the aviation industry especially the air traffic control, which is responsible for the safe flight operations in the controlled airspaces. In order to protect the conventional aircraft a new operation environment has to be created, which guarantee the safe flying and the possibility of the fulfilment of the flight. In the article drone related safety and operational problems are highlighted. All issue connected to the coexistence of manned and unmanned aircrafts are critical, thus their management have significant importa

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Hann, Richard, and Tor Arne Johansen. "UAV icing: the influence of airspeed and chord length on performance degradation." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 93, no. 5 (2021): 832–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-06-2020-0127.

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Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of icing on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) at low Reynolds numbers and to highlight the differences to icing on manned aircraft at high Reynolds numbers. This paper follows existing research on low Reynolds number effects on ice accretion. This study extends the focus to how variations of airspeed and chord length affect the ice accretions, and aerodynamic performance degradation is investigated. Design/methodology/approach A parametric study with independent variations of airspeed and chord lengths was conducted on a typica

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Reyes-Muñoz, Angelica, Cristina Barrado, Enric Pastor, and Pablo Royo. "ATC Human Factors Involved in RPAS Contingency Management in Non-Segregated Airspace." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (2023): 1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031408.

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Objectives: The overall approach towards Remotely Piloted Aerial System integration into a non-segregated airspace is that the unmanned vehicles should be able to fit into the current air traffic management system, thus meeting all the technical and regulatory requirements to be treated similar to any other airspace user. Such a requirement implies that unmanned aircraft operations should behave as close as possible to manned aviation or at least generate the most negligible possible negative impact on the system. From the air traffic management point of view, this implies that air traffic con

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LaFlamme, Marcel. "A sky full of signal: aviation media in the age of the drone." Media, Culture & Society 40, no. 5 (2017): 689–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443717737609.

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Problems of control and communication endemic to powered flight have given rise to a range of media forms, which this article proposes to designate aviation media. Today, the maturation and proliferation of unmanned aircraft or drones is reconfiguring the media technologies, infrastructures, and practices on which pilots have previously relied. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with drone pilots and other airspace users in North Dakota, a US state that has courted the unmanned aircraft industry in a bid for economic diversification, this article describes the mundane forms of media labor that

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Haddon, D. R., and C. J. Whittaker. "Aircraft airworthiness certification standards for civil UAVs." Aeronautical Journal 107, no. 1068 (2003): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000018364.

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AbstractThe CAA has recognised the need to develop civil standards for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Accordingly the CAA Directorate of Airspace Policy has published the document ‘CAP 722 –Unmanned Air Vehicle Operation in UK Airspace – Guidance’, (which can be accessed via the CAA website — http://www.caa.co.uk/docs/33/CAP722.pdf). The document itemises the top-level military and civil regulations which impact upon the operation of UAVs in the UK. One of the items listed within the document is ‘Civil Certification’ of UAVs. This particular aspect is the responsibility of the Design and Pro

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