Relevant bibliographies by topics / Manual annotation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Manual annotation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Manual annotation"

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Zenonas, Theodosiou, and Tsapatsoulis Nicolas. "Image annotation: the effects of content, lexicon and annotation method." International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval 9 (March 1, 2020): 191–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00193-z.

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Image annotation is the process of assigning metadata to images, allowing effective retrieval by text-based search techniques. Despite the lots of eorts in automatic multimedia analysis, automatic semantic annotation of multimedia is still inefficient due to the problems in modelling high level semantic terms. In this paper we examine the factors affecting the quality of annotations collected through crowdsourcing platforms. An image dataset was manually annotated utilizing: (i) a vocabulary consists of pre-selected set of keywords,(ii) an hierarchical vocabulary, and (iii) free keywords. The
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Hecksel, Corey W., Michele C. Darrow, Wei Dai, et al. "Quantifying Variability of Manual Annotation in Cryo-Electron Tomograms." Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, no. 3 (2016): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927616000799.

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AbstractAlthough acknowledged to be variable and subjective, manual annotation of cryo-electron tomography data is commonly used to answer structural questions and to create a “ground truth” for evaluation of automated segmentation algorithms. Validation of such annotation is lacking, but is critical for understanding the reproducibility of manual annotations. Here, we used voxel-based similarity scores for a variety of specimens, ranging in complexity and segmented by several annotators, to quantify the variation among their annotations. In addition, we have identified procedures for merging
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Rele, Chinmay P., Katie M. Sandlin, Wilson Leung, and Laura K. Reed. "Manual annotation of Drosophila genes: a Genomics Education Partnership protocol." F1000Research 11 (December 23, 2022): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.126839.1.

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Annotating the genomes of multiple species allows us to analyze the evolution of their genes. While many eukaryotic genome assemblies already include computational gene predictions, these predictions can benefit from review and refinement through manual gene annotation. The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP; https://thegep.org/) developed a structural annotation protocol for protein-coding genes that enables undergraduate student and faculty researchers to create high-quality gene annotations that can be utilized in subsequent scientific investigations. For example, this protocol has been ut
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Rele, Chinmay P., Katie M. Sandlin, Wilson Leung, and Laura K. Reed. "Manual annotation of Drosophila genes: a Genomics Education Partnership protocol." F1000Research 11 (October 13, 2023): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.126839.3.

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Annotating the genomes of multiple species allows us to analyze the evolution of their genes. While many eukaryotic genome assemblies already include computational gene predictions, these predictions can benefit from review and refinement through manual gene annotation. The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP; https://thegep.org/) developed a structural annotation protocol for protein-coding genes that enables undergraduate student and faculty researchers to create high-quality gene annotations that can be utilized in subsequent scientific investigations. For example, this protocol has been ut
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Rele, Chinmay P., Katie M. Sandlin, Wilson Leung, and Laura K. Reed. "Manual annotation of Drosophila genes: a Genomics Education Partnership protocol." F1000Research 11 (July 31, 2023): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.126839.2.

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Annotating the genomes of multiple species allows us to analyze the evolution of their genes. While many eukaryotic genome assemblies already include computational gene predictions, these predictions can benefit from review and refinement through manual gene annotation. The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP; https://thegep.org/) developed a structural annotation protocol for protein-coding genes that enables undergraduate student and faculty researchers to create high-quality gene annotations that can be utilized in subsequent scientific investigations. For example, this protocol has been ut
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Lu, Xiaolu, David Ratcliffe, Tsu-Ting Kao, et al. "Rethinking Quality Assurance for Crowdsourced Multi-ROI Image Segmentation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing 11, no. 1 (2023): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v11i1.27552.

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Collecting high quality annotations to construct an evaluation dataset is essential for assessing the true performance of machine learning models. One popular way of performing data annotation is via crowdsourcing, where quality can be of concern. Despite much prior work addressing the annotation quality problem in crowdsourcing generally, little has been discussed in detail for image segmentation tasks. These tasks often require pixel-level annotation accuracy, and is relatively complex when compared to image classification or object detection with bounding-boxes. In this paper, we focus on i
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Finlayson, Mark. "The Story Workbench: An Extensible Semi-Automatic Text Annotation Tool." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 7, no. 2 (2011): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v7i2.12458.

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Text annotations are of great use to researchers in the language sciences, and much effort has been invested in creating annotated corpora for an wide variety of purposes. Unfortunately, software support for these corpora tends to be quite limited: it is usually ad-hoc, poorly designed and documented, or not released for public use. I describe an annotation tool, the Story Workbench, which provides a generic platform for text annotation. It is free, open-source, cross-platform, and user friendly. It provides a number of common text annotation operations, including representations (e.g., tokens
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Rasmussen, Christoffer Bøgelund, Kristian Kirk, and Thomas B. Moeslund. "The Challenge of Data Annotation in Deep Learning—A Case Study on Whole Plant Corn Silage." Sensors 22, no. 4 (2022): 1596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041596.

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Recent advances in computer vision are primarily driven by the usage of deep learning, which is known to require large amounts of data, and creating datasets for this purpose is not a trivial task. Larger benchmark datasets often have detailed processes with multiple stages and users with different roles during annotation. However, this can be difficult to implement in smaller projects where resources can be limited. Therefore, in this work we present our processes for creating an image dataset for kernel fragmentation and stover overlengths in Whole Plant Corn Silage. This includes the guidel
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Ahmed, Saad, Saman Hina, Raheela Asif, Sana Ahmed, and Munad Ahmed. "Development and Evaluation of Gold Standard Dataset for Sentiment Analysis of Tweets." Pakistan Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, no. 4 (2024): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51846/vol6iss4pp7-12.

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Pre-labeled data is typically required for supervised machine learning. A limited number of object classes in the majority of open access and pre-annotated datasets make them unsuitable for certain tasks, even though they are readily available for training machine learning algorithms. For custom models, previously available pre-annotated data is typically insufficient, so gathering and preparing training data is necessary for the majority of real-world applications. The quantity and quality of annotations clearly trade-off with one another. Either more annotated data can be produced or better
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Benitez-Garcia, Gibran, Jesus Olivares-Mercado, Gabriel Sanchez-Perez, and Hiroki Takahashi. "IPN HandS: Efficient Annotation Tool and Dataset for Skeleton-Based Hand Gesture Recognition." Applied Sciences 15, no. 11 (2025): 6321. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116321.

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Hand gesture recognition (HGR) heavily relies on high-quality annotated datasets. However, annotating hand landmarks in video sequences is a time-intensive challenge. In this work, we introduce IPN HandS, an enhanced version of our IPN Hand dataset, which now includes approximately 700,000 hand skeleton annotations and corrected gesture boundaries. To generate these annotations efficiently, we propose a novel annotation tool that combines automatic detection, inter-frame interpolation, copy–paste capabilities, and manual refinement. This tool significantly reduces annotation time from 70 min t
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Manual annotation"

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Burdett, Eric. "Reducing the Manual Annotation Effort for Handwriting Recognition Using Active Transfer Learning." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9258.

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Handwriting recognition systems have achieved remarkable performance over the past several years with the advent of deep neural networks. For high-quality recognition, these models require large amounts of labeled training data, which can be difficult to obtain. Various methods to reduce this effort have been proposed in the realms of active and transfer learning, but not in combination. We propose a framework for fitting new handwriting recognition models that joins active and transfer learning into a unified framework. Empirical results show the superiority of our method compared to traditio
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Yáñez, del Valle José Maximiliano. "Manual annotation & text mining in a marketing service logic approach -ARC Framework-LATAM airlines case study research." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117535.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Marketing<br>El presente documento se basa en la aplicación de una nueva metodología, justificada dentro del marco teórico de Service Analytics y ARC. Esta metodología, consta de tres etapas: En primer lugar, un proceso de Anotación Manual, para analizar feedback escrito no estructurado de clientes. En segundo lugar un mapeo del proceso de servicios visto de la perspectiva de los clientes. Y finalmente, la construcción de un artefacto de Text Mining basado en los dos procesos anteriormente concretados, buscando automatizar el análisis de grandes masas d
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Schulder, Marc [Verfasser], and Dietrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Klakow. "Sentiment polarity shifters : creating lexical resources through manual annotation and bootstrapped machine learning / Marc Schulder ; Betreuer: Dietrich Klakow." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199932906/34.

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Blank, Clas. "Automatic vs. Manual Data Labeling : A System Dynamics Modeling Approach." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279572.

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Labeled data, which is a collection of data samples that have been tagged with one or more labels, play an important role many software organizations in today's market. It can help in solving automation problems, training and validating machine learning models, or analysing data. Many organizations therefore set up their own labeled data gathering system which supplies them with the data they require. Labeling data can either be done by humans or be done via some automated process. However, labeling datasets comes with costs to these organizations. This study will examine what this labeled dat
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Wamalwa, Mark. "Development of a comprehensive annotation and curation framework for analysis of Glossina Morsitans Morsitans expresses sequence tags." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5497_1325767222.

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This study has successfully identified transcripts differentially expressed in the salivary gland and midgut and provides candidate genes that are critical to response to parasite invasion. Furthermore, an open-source Glossina resource (G-ESTMAP) was developed that provides interactive features and browsing of functional genomics data for researchers working in the field of Trypanosomiasis on the African continent.
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ALZETTA, CHIARA. "From Texts to Prerequisites. Identifying and Annotating Propaedeutic Relations in Educational Textual Resources." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1050378.

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Prerequisite Relations (PRs) are dependency relations established between two distinct concepts expressing which piece(s) of information a student has to learn first in order to understand a certain target concept. Such relations are one of the most fundamental in Education, playing a crucial role not only for what concerns new knowledge acquisition, but also in the novel applications of Artificial Intelligence to distant and e-learning. Indeed, resources annotated with such information could be used to develop automatic systems able to acquire and organize the knowledge embodied in educationa
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Doersch, Carl. "Supervision Beyond Manual Annotations for Learning Visual Representations." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/787.

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For both humans and machines, understanding the visual world requires relating new percepts with past experience. We argue that a good visual representation for an image should encode what makes it similar to other images, enabling the recall of associated experiences. Current machine implementations of visual representations can capture some aspects of similarity, but fall far short of human ability overall. Even if one explicitly labels objects in millions of images to tell the computer what should be considered similar—a very expensive procedure—the labels still do not capture everything th
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Burghardt, Manuel [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolff. "Engineering annotation usability - Toward usability patterns for linguistic annotation tools / Manuel Burghardt. Betreuer: Christian Wolff." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059004674/34.

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Millour, Alice. "Myriadisation de ressources linguistiques pour le traitement automatique de langues non standardisées." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL126.

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Les sciences participatives, et en particulier la myriadisation (crowdsourcing) bénévole, représentent un moyen peu exploité de créer des ressources langagières pour certaines langues encore peu dotées, et ce malgré la présence de locuteurs sur le Web. Nous présentons dans ce travail les expériences que nous avons menées pour permettre la myriadisation de ressources langagières dans le cadre du développement d'un outil d'annotation automatique en parties du discours. Nous avons appliqué cette méthodologie à trois langues non standardisées, en l'occurrence l'alsacien, le créole guadeloupéen et
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Marchesini, Giulia <1992&gt. "Annotating Patrick White’s "The Solid Mandala" with Deep Features to Unravel Stylistic Devices." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9209.

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Nobel Prize winner Patrick White (1912-1990) is considered to be one of the greatest and most influential writers of the 20th century, not only in Australia, his country, but in the rest of the world, as well. His innovative, multi-faceted and complex prose caught the interest of the critics and of many other writers, who in some cases strove to follow on his steps. Interpreting and decoding White’s works was always a challenge, however, considering the intricacy of this author’s style and the multiple levels he used to build his stories, and especially the novels. To shed more light on this d
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Books on the topic "Manual annotation"

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translator, Ch'oe Tŏk-kyŏng, ed. Ponongsŏ yŏkchu: A translated annotation of the agricultural manual "Bonongseo". Sech'ang Ch'ulp'ansa, 2013.

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Ch'oe, Tŏk-kyŏng, 1954- translator, commentator, ed. Chinbu nongsŏ yŏkchu: A translated annotation of the agricultural manual 'JinBunongseo'. Sech'ang Ch'ulp'ansa, 2016.

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Tŏk-kyŏng, Ch'oe, and China Si nong si, eds. Nongsang chibyo yŏkchu: A translated annotation of the agricultural manual "Nongsang chibyo". Sech'ang Ch'ulp'ansa, 2012.

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Lavrik, Ol'ga. Analytical and synthetic processing of information: theoretical foundations, annotation, abstracting, taking notes and preparing digests and reviews. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1893884.

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The textbook provides a comprehensive description of analytical and synthetic information processing (ASPI) as an academic discipline, the theoretical foundations of information folding and a number of types of ASPI: annotation, abstracting, taking notes and preparing digests and reviews.&#x0D; Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.&#x0D; For teachers and students of universities of culture studying in the course "Library and information activities". The manual can be used by students of colleges of culture studying in th
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1963-, Dickerson Darby, and Association of Legal Writing Directors., eds. ALWD citation manual: A professional system of citation. 4th ed. Aspen Publishers, 2010.

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McGaugh, Tracy L. Interactive citation workbook for ALWD citation manual. 2nd ed. LexisNexis, 2008.

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Association, Texas Law Review, ed. Manual on usage & style. Texas Law Review Association, 2005.

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Dickerson, Darby. ALWD citation manual: A professional system of citation. 4th ed. Aspen Publishers, 2010.

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1963-, Dickerson Darby, and Association of Legal Writing Directors., eds. ALWD citation manual: A professional system of citation. 2nd ed. Aspen, 2003.

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(State), Washington. 1993 port district manual: Port district laws and annotations. Book Pub. Co., 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Manual annotation"

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Dingli, Alexiei. "Manual Annotation." In Intelligent Systems Reference Library. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20323-7_4.

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Bureeva, Svetlana, Svetlana Zvereva, Valentin Romanov, and Tatiana Serebryiskaya. "Manual Annotation of Protein Interactions." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-175-2_5.

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Şakar, Ömer, Mohsen Safari, Marieke Huisman, and Anton Wijs. "Alpinist: An Annotation-Aware GPU Program Optimizer." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99527-0_18.

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AbstractGPU programs are widely used in industry. To obtain the best performance, a typical development process involves the manual or semi-automatic application of optimizations prior to compiling the code. To avoid the introduction of errors, we can augment GPU programs with (pre- and postcondition-style) annotations to capture functional properties. However, keeping these annotations correct when optimizing GPU programs is labor-intensive and error-prone.This paper introduces Alpinist, an annotation-aware GPU program optimizer. It applies frequently-used GPU optimizations, but besides trans
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McDonnell, Erin, Kimchi Strasser, and Adrian Tsang. "Manual Gene Curation and Functional Annotation." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7804-5_16.

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Zhang, Ziqi, Sam Chapman, and Fabio Ciravegna. "A Methodology towards Effective and Efficient Manual Document Annotation: Addressing Annotator Discrepancy and Annotation Quality." In Knowledge Engineering and Management by the Masses. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16438-5_21.

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van den Haak, Lars B., Anton Wijs, Marieke Huisman, and Mark van den Brand. "$${\textsc {HaliVer}}$$: Deductive Verification and Scheduling Languages Join Forces." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57256-2_4.

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AbstractThe HaliVer tool integrates deductive verification into the popular scheduling language Halide, used for image processing pipelines and array computations. HaliVer uses VerCors, a separation logic-based verifier, to verify the correctness of (1) the Halide algorithms and (2) the optimised parallel code produced by Halide when an optimisation schedule is applied to an algorithm. This allows proving complex, optimised code correct while reducing the effort to provide the required verification annotations. For both approaches, the same specification is used. We evaluated the tool on sever
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Vădineanu, Şerban, Daniël M. Pelt, Oleh Dzyubachyk, and K. Joost Batenburg. "Reducing Manual Annotation Costs for Cell Segmentation by Upgrading Low-Quality Annotations." In Medical Image Learning with Limited and Noisy Data. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44917-8_1.

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Yue, Wang. "Application of Directed Recommendation in Text Manual Annotation." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25128-4_190.

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Sohl, Jessica, and Heike Zinsmeister. "Exploring Ensemble Dependency Parsing to Reduce Manual Annotation Workload." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73706-5_4.

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Poux, Sylvain, and Pascale Gaudet. "Best Practices in Manual Annotation with the Gene Ontology." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3743-1_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Manual annotation"

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Ahmed, Toufique, Premkumar Devanbu, Christoph Treude, and Michael Pradel. "Can LLMs Replace Manual Annotation of Software Engineering Artifacts?" In 2025 IEEE/ACM 22nd International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/msr66628.2025.00086.

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Aszkowski, Przemysław, and Marek Kraft. "Streamlining Crop Segmentation with Multispectral Imaging and Foundation Models: Minimizing Manual Annotation." In 2024 IEEE 20th International Conference on Intelligent Computer Communication and Processing (ICCP). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccp63557.2024.10793002.

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Li, Zhiyuan, Jinsong Zhao, Huahui Zhou, and Xiaoxin Hu. "A Novel Symbol Recognition Framework for Digitization of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.117636.

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Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&amp;IDs) play a crucial role in the chemical industry, yet they are often stored as scanned images or computer-aided design (CAD) drawings, limiting their seamless integration into modern digital workflows. Consequently, the task of automating P&amp;ID digitization has attracted significant attention from the computer-aided design (CAD) research community. Traditional approaches, which typically rely on conventional object detection techniques, often demand extensive manual annotations to accurately identify and classify the various symbols in P&amp;IDs.
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Hejabi, Parsa, Akshay Kiran Padte, Preni Golazizian, et al. "CVAT-BWV: A Web-Based Video Annotation Platform for Police Body-Worn Video." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/1006.

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We introduce an open-source platform for annotating body-worn video (BWV) footage aimed at enhancing transparency and accountability in policing. Despite the widespread adoption of BWVs in police departments, analyzing the vast amount of footage generated has presented significant challenges. This is primarily due to resource constraints, the sensitive nature of the data, which limits widespread access, and consequently, lack of annotations for training machine learning models. Our platform, called CVAT-BWV, offers a secure, locally hosted annotation environment that integrates several AI tool
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Duffield, Cecily Jill, Jena D. Hwang, Susan Windisch Brown, et al. "Criteria for the manual grouping of verb senses." In the Linguistic Annotation Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1642059.1642067.

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Meyers, Adam, Michiko Kosaka, Heng Ji, et al. "Transducing logical relations from automatic and manual GLARF." In the Third Linguistic Annotation Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1698381.1698400.

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"MiCellAnnGELo2: manual annotation enters the Metaverse." In European Light Microscopy Initiative 2024. Royal Microscopical Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.elmi2024.123.

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Amorim, Marcello N., Celso A. S. Santos, and Orivaldo L. Tavares. "Integrating Crowdsourcing and Human Computation for Complex Video Annotation Tasks." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2020.13053.

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Video annotation is an activity that aims to supplement this type of multimedia object with additional content or information about its context, nature, content, quality and other aspects. These annotations are the basis for building a variety of multimedia applications for various purposes ranging from entertainment to security. Manual annotation is a strategy that uses the intelligence and workforce of people in the annotation process and is an alternative to cases where automatic methods cannot be applied. However, manual video annotation can be a costly process because as the content to be
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Rodrigues, Felipe, Richard Semolini, Norton Trevisan Roman, and Ana Maria Monteiro. "TSeg – A Text Segmenter for Corpus Annotation." In VIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas de Informação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbsi.2012.14419.

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This paper describes TSeg – a Java application that allows for both manual and automatic segmentation of a source text into basic units of annotation. TSeg provides a straightforward way to approach this task through a clear point-and-click interface. Once finished the text segmentation, the application outputs an XML file that may be used as input to a more problem specific annotation software. Hence, TSeg moves the identification of basic units of annotation out of the task of annotating these units, making it possible for both problems to be analysed in isolation, thereby reducing the cogni
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Somasundaran, Swapna, Janyce Wiebe, Paul Hoffmann, and Diane Litman. "Manual annotation of opinion categories in meetings." In the Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1641991.1641998.

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