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Journal articles on the topic 'Manufacturing, Machines, Tools'
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1
Ivanov, V. O., and I. V. Pavlenko. "Manufacturing Engineering, Machines and Tools." Journal of Engineering Sciences 4, no. 1 (2017): A 1—A 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2017.4(1).a1.
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Vichare, P., A. Nassehi, and S. Newman. "A unified manufacturing resource model for representation of computerized numerically controlled machine tools." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 223, no. 5 (January 26, 2009): 463–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem1363.
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The capability of any manufacturing system primarily depends on its available machine tools. Thus machine tool representation is a vital part of modelling any manufacturing system. With the rapid advances in computerized numerically controlled (CNC) machines, machine tool representation has become a more challenging task than ever before. Today's CNC machine tools are more than just automated manufacturing machines, as they can be considered multi-purpose, multi-tasking, and hybrid machining centres. This paper presents a versatile methodology for representing such state-of-the-art CNC machining system resources. A machine tool model is a conceptual representation of the real machine tool and provides a logical framework for representing its functionality in the manufacturing system. There are several commercial modelling tools available in the market for modelling machine tools. However, there is no common methodology among them to represent the wide diversity of machine tool configurations. These modelling tools are either machine vendor specific or limited in their scope to represent machine tool capability. In addition, the current information models of STEP-NC, namely ISO 14649, can only describe machining operations, technologies, cutting tools, and product geometries. However, they do not support the representation of machine tools. The proposed unified manufacturing resource model (UMRM) has a data model which can fill this gap by providing machine specific data in the form of an EXPRESS schema and act as a complementary part to the STEP-NC standard to represent various machine tools in a standardized form. UMRM is flexible enough to represent any type of CNC machining centre. This machine tool representation can be utilized to represent machine tool functionality and consequential process capabilities for allocating resources for process planning and machining.
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Boral, Piotr, and Rafał Gołębski. "Technology of Manufacturing of ZC Cylindrical Worm." Materials 15, no. 18 (September 15, 2022): 6412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15186412.
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Cylindrical worms are generally machined by the hobbing method using rotary tools, and they are formed in the finishing pass at the full profile height. In this case, the profile of the tool-action surface determines the profile of the machined surface, and for technological reasons, a rectilinear (less frequently circular) axial profile of the tool-action surface is generally assumed. In the currently known technology, machining takes place on special machine tools, and on tools that are specially prepared for a specific outline. The research objective of the article is to present the possibility of creating a helical surface with a circular concave profile on a CNC lathe with a universal tool: a ball-end mill cutter. In the case of the proposed processing method, the surface of the worm is shaped with a spherical-end mill cutter in many passes, and its shape depends on the setting of the tool. This machining method must be performed on CNC machines, and the tool is not geometrically related to the shape of the machined profile. The paper presents the mathematical apparatus for generating a concave helical surface. Based on the calculations, the worm was processed with a spherical-end mill on a CLX350 V4 DMG MORI turning machining center. The surface-quality analysis was carried out on a contact profilographometer, while the dimensional accuracy was verified on a coordinate-measuring machine, and the maximum tolerance field of the measurement was 13 μm. On the basis of the measurements made, the accuracy of the worm outline is consistent with the theoretical assumptions. Using the presented method of machining, we can shape helical surfaces with an assumed profile in the axial section on a CNC machine tool with the use of universal tools.
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Corbett, J. "Smart machine tools." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 212, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0959651981539406.
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Improved manufacturing methods have become crucial factors in retaining global competitiveness for a wide range of products. This has led to the development of new automatic supervision techniques for use in smart machine tools. These are necessary because it is not possible to design and manufacture machine tool structures and systems with work zone areas of sufficient accuracy and repeatability to meet the improved performance requirements demanded by many modern manufacturing companies. The principal areas for automatic supervision of the machine tool are the tooling, appropriate machine elements and the overall machine system. Thermal effects have been shown to be the largest source of dimensional errors and apparent non-repeatability of machines. Therefore, for the highest precision machines on-line temperature monitoring and control is of paramount importance. This paper describes the application of automatic supervision techniques applied to the NION diamond turning and grinding machine, developed by Cranfield Precision Engineering Limited, which is the most accurate machine tool, of its size, currently available, as well as an ultra precision five-axis grinding machine, built in Japan by the Toyoda Machine Works Limited. In addition, following a project at Cranfield University, the benefits of on-line measuring techniques are discussed in obtaining new cost effective manufacturing methods for producing aero-engine turbine blades. Further examples are given, including major projects at Liverpool John Moores University and Eindhoven University of Technology, where significant improvements in accuracy capabilities were obtained for a standard cylindrical grinding machine and a five-axis vertical milling machine.
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Et. al., Dr Nageswara Rao M,. "SEGMENT RANDOM INSERTION PERTURBATION SCHEME (SRIPS) GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 2 (March 21, 2021): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.306.
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This paper lays down a formal framework for simultaneous scheduling of machines- automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and tools in a multi-machine flexible manufacturing system (FMS) while accounting for transport times of parts to minimise makespan. To minimize tooling costs- a central tool magazine (CTM) is suggested so that the tools are ‘shared’. AGVs and tool transporter (TT) carry jobs and tools between machines. The complexity of including sequencing of job operations on machines- assignment of AGVs and tools to job operations and corresponding trip operations such as the empty trip and loaded trip times of AGVs and a CTM in scheduling is greater. The scope of this paper is to propose a nonlinear Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model to minimize makespan. Since the problem is known to be NP hard- it is conjectured and then verified that the intelligent behaviour of chromosomes and genes can be effectively used to lay down a metaheuristic algorithm known as a segment random insertion perturbation scheme genetic algorithm (SRIPSGA) suitable for the problem at hand- and the results have been tabulated and analyzed.
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Kawasaki, Kazumasa, Isamu Tsuji, and Hiroshi Gunbara. "Manufacturing method of double-helical gears using CNC machining center." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 7-8 (September 4, 2015): 1149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215602288.
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Double-helical gears are usually manufactured using special type of machine tools, such as gear hobbing and shaping machines. In this paper, a manufacturing method of double-helical gears using a CNC machining center instead of the special type of machine tools is proposed. This manufacturing method has the following advantages: (i) the tooth surfaces can be modified arbitrarily, (ii) all we have to do in gear machining is only one machine setting, (iii) the hole and blank diameter and so on except the tooth surface can be also machined, and (iv) the auxiliary apparatus, special type of tools, and special type of machine tools are not needed. For this study, first the tooth profiles of the double-helical gear were modelled using a 3D computer-aided design system and the gear was machined using a CNC machining center based on a computer-aided manufacturing system. Next, the profile deviations, helix deviations, pitch deviations, and surface roughnesses of the manufactured double-helical gears were measured. Afterwards, the relationship between the tool wear and life time of the end mill were made clear. Finally, this manufacturing method was applied to the gears for a double-helical gear pump. As a result, the validity and effectiveness of the manufacturing method of double-helical gears using a CNC machining center were confirmed.
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Ventura, Jose A., F. Frank Chen, and Michael S. Leonard. "Loading tools to machines in flexible manufacturing systems." Computers & Industrial Engineering 15, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-8352(88)90090-3.
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Sanz, Alfredo, Ignaciof González, Agustin Javier Castejón, and Jose Leopoldo Casado. "Using Virtual Reality in the Teaching of Manufacturing Processes with Material Removal in CNC Machine-Tools." Materials Science Forum 692 (July 2011): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.692.112.
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This paper presents a methodology for the incorporation of a Virtual Reality development applied to the teaching of manufacturing processes, namely the group of machining processes in numerical control of machine tools. The paper shows how it is possible to supplement the teaching practice through virtual machine-tools whose operation is similar to the 'real' machines while eliminating the risks of use for both users and the machines.
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Shimada, Takumi, and Haruhiko Suwa. "Optimization of Cutting Tool Allocation to Enhance Workload Balance and Total Completion Time in Parallel-Type FMS." International Journal of Automation Technology 15, no. 6 (November 5, 2021): 804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2021.p0804.
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This study aims to build a machine scheduling method that involves the cutting tool management in parallel-type flexible manufacturing systems. These systems consist of multi-axis CNC machine tools and are equipped with an automated tool changer and a large-capacity tool magazine. The target scheduling problem could be described as a multi-objective parallel scheduling problem. We consider the availability of cutting tools stored in the magazine as so-called “machine eligibility,” and propose a two-phase scheduling method for tool allocation and job sequencing on machines to minimize the workload balance between machines and the total completion time. Two mathematical models for tool allocation are provided: a machine-eligibility-based model and an enhanced version of the model that considers each cutting tool. A series of computational experiments demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. We also clarify the relationship between schedule performance measures and job routing flexibility in the system.
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Syarief, Akhmad, and Akhmad Maulana Gumai. "PROSES MANUFAKTUR MESIN GERGAJI KAYU UNTUK PENGRAJIN PALET KAYU." Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering Kinematika 2, no. 1 (June 9, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/sjmekinematika.v2i1.32.
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Wood saws are hand machines that small industries need. Almost all work processes through a saw machine with good results. Circular saws are not only used in timber industry, but also in the carbuery industry, by plumbing, construction experts, loggers or gardenists. In any hobby there are wearing it. For manufacturing process of making wood sawing machine in allotment for wooden pallet craftsman. The formulation of the problem in making this saw machine is how to manufacture wood saw process for wooden pallet craftsman and howmuch budget cost in manufacturing process of saw machine for wooden pallet craftsman. The components of the saw machine are frame, table mat, bearing, shaft, pulley transmission and V belt, while the tools and machinery used in the manufacturing process are electric welding tools, electric grinding wheels, grinding wheels, lathes, and frais machines.
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Jung, Seunghwan, Minseok Kim, Baekcheon Kim, Jinyong Kim, Eunkyeong Kim, Jonggeun Kim, Hyeonuk Lee, and Sungshin Kim. "Fault Detection for CNC Machine Tools Using Auto-Associative Kernel Regression Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition." Processes 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 2529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122529.
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In manufacturing processes using computerized numerical control (CNC) machines, machine tools are operated repeatedly for a long period for machining hard and difficult-to-machine materials, such as stainless steel. These operating conditions frequently result in tool breakage. The failure of machine tools significantly degrades the product quality and efficiency of the target process. To solve these problems, various studies have been conducted for detecting faults in machine tools. However, the most related studies used only the univariate signal obtained from CNC machines. The fault-detection methods using univariate signals have a limitation in that multivariate models cannot be applied. This can restrict in performance improvement of the fault detection. To address this problem, we employed empirical mode decomposition to construct a multivariate dataset from the univariate signal. Subsequently, auto-associative kernel regression was used to detect faults in the machine tool. To verify the proposed method, we obtained a univariate current signal measured from the machining center in an actual industrial plant. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully detects faults in the actual machine tools.
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Prodan, Dan, Anca Bucuresteanu, Tiberiu Dobrescu, and Adrian Motomancea. "Rotary Tables for Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 841 (June 2016): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.841.168.
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In this paper the authors present some theoretical and experimental research carried out during the manufacture of a rotary table for CNC machine-tools AF type. There are shown the calculation methods in static and dynamic conditions for the indexable rotary tables and also for those that operate as numerically controlled “B” axes. The calculation methods were tested by manufacturing several such tables intended for the machines belonging to AF(P)100-180 range.
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Slim, Rabih, Rémy Houssin, Amadou Coulibaly, and Hicham Chibane. "Lean system design framework based on lean functionalities and criteria integration in production machines design phase." FME Transactions 49, no. 3 (2021): 575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fme2103575s.
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Manufacturing needs more and more requirements (sustainability, agility, Industry 4.0 technologies, etc.) to meet customer demands. Nowadays, companies apply Lean tools to improve machines and systems performance in their use phase. Lean tools application on existing machines ensures some functionalities like (Reduce changeover time, eliminate wastes, Involve Human Skills, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to offer designers a design support method and tool to design a performant system (production system, machines, etc.) by integrating Lean functionalities from the early design phases, with a minimum of needs to improve the system in the use phase via Lean. For this purpose, we analyze the Lean principles and tools to identify functionalities provided by Lean. These functionalities are analyzed and classified to integrate them into the design of manufacturing systems in the context of Industry 4.0. A "Lean-System-Design" approach defines a systematic and detailed guide for the integration of Lean from the early design phase. We provide the software tool specifications, which represent the first steps of its implementation. We have illustrated our proposal with a case study on the design of a waste treatment machine.
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Salam, Abdul, Muh Iswar, Bensar Pali, Agustinus Anggai, and Janchristo Rantemangnga. "Modifikasi Alat Pemintal Benang Sutera Untuk Industri Rumah Tangga." Jurnal Sinergi Jurusan Teknik Mesin 17, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/sinergi.v17i1.1599.
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This study aims to determine the yarn spinning time, spinning equipment manufacturing costs, and haspel shaft spinning. Basic design is done by data collection, direct visits to the silk farmers' groups, tool design, tool manufacturing, performance testing tools, analysis, calculating costs and tool manufacturing. In accordance with the testing of the spinning machine, the total working time is 8 hours / day for 3.36 kg of silk yarn, the spinning equipment manufacturing cost is Rp. 5,102,534.71. Whereas BEP is achieved when the sale of spinning machines is at least 1 unit / month or when income is Rp. 5,621,064.
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Shinno, Hidenori, Hayato Yoshioka, and Hiroshi Sawano. "A Framework for Systematizing Machine Tool Engineering." International Journal of Automation Technology 7, no. 6 (November 5, 2013): 760–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2013.p0760.
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The demand for machine tools with accuracy on a nanometer scale has been increasing in a wide range of industries. Machine tools have been called “mother machines” in that they produce various other devices. In order to meet the requirements of industry, numerous research activities have been conducted to develop various technologies related to machine tools. However, there are only few established technologies in spite of the machine tool industry’s long history. A new approach to systematizing machine tool engineering is playing an increasingly important role in the development of innovative machine tools. This paper presents a conceptual framework for systematizing machine tool engineering. Future evolutionary trends in machine tool engineering are also described.
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Maj, R., F. Modica, and G. Bianchi. "Machine Tools Mechatronic Analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 220, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440505x32733.
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High-speed machine tools show close interaction between the dynamic behaviour of the mechanical structure, drives, and numerical control. In order to support the designer of high-performance machines, a new analysis based on an integrated holistic mechatronic optimization technique is proposed and compared with the traditional approach. The proposed approach is applied to a three-axis milling machine for dies and mould production.
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Et. al., Mathew Chacko,. "Cyber-Physical Quality Systems in Manufacturing." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 2006–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.1805.
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Digital Twin-based Cyber-Physical Quality System (DT-CPQS) concept involves automated quality checking, simulation, and prediction of manufacturing operations to improve production efficiency and flexibility as part of Industrie4.0 initiatives. DT-CPQS will provide the basis for the manufacturing process to march towards an autonomous quality platform for zero defect manufacturing in the future. Analysing sensor data from the CNC machine and vision monitoring system it was concluded that there was enough signal data to detect quality issues in a part being machined in advance using statistical/mathematical models (Smart PLS) and using machine learning algorithms. This allows the operator to take corrective actions before the resultant part ends in a quality failure and reduces the inspection time. The proposed approach forms the basis in expanding this concept to a large machine shop wherein by monitoring various parameters of the machines and state variables of the tools we can detect quality issues and develop an automated quality system using machine learning techniques.
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Arif, Talha, Parvez Alam, and Sanjeev Kumar Sarswat. "Design and Development of a Flexible Manufacturing System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 2117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41080.
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Abstract: In most organizations, a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is concerned with the automatic production of different parts in the middle range because it is flexible. In a nutshell, it's a machine that makes everything. FMS relies heavily on the flow of jobs and tools in order to function. The FMS work centre can handle a large number of tasks at once. For FMS facilities, a tool magazine is in use as a means of reducing tool inventory. We present the Jaya method in this work to schedule tasks and tools simultaneously without considering tool transfer delays across machines; this is what we call the make span goal. On numerous make span-related challenges, the suggested heuristic is evaluated and compared with current approaches. The suggested heuristic beats the already used approaches, according to the findings. Keywords: “Flexible Manufacturing System”, “Automation” performance, Manufacturing, flexibility
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Kiss, Lotár László, and György Takács. "Additive metal printing machine tool." Design of Machines and Structures 11, no. 1 (2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32972/dms.2021.005.
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The 3D printing, as a modern manufacturing method, is becoming more widespread and overrides the usual industry conventions. While it was mainly known in the production of plastic parts, nowadays metal-based versions are also becoming more widespread. Reputable machine tool manufacturers such as DMG Mori or GE compete with each other to create equipment for this technology for the industry, where there is a growing market for such machines. My article seeks to answer the question of where these tools have a place in the industry, whether they can be considered as machine tools, and decide that the procedures describing the construction of machine tools could be applied to them.
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Carter, Norman. "The application of a flexible tooling system in a flexible manufacturing system." Robotica 3, no. 4 (October 1985): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700002319.
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SUMMARYThe introduction of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Cell Technology, and Automated Machining Techniques with the related reduction in manning levels has resulted in the development of tooling systems, tool management systems, and, independent tool magazines to service TURNING MACHINES where a high number of tools are required to cover one shift or unmanned operation.Actual cutting time (production time) represents a value between 5% and 20% of average machine utilisation time, and developments in cutting materials and geometries have largely exhausted rationalisation possibilities in this area.
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Almadani, M. Ikhsan, and Rudi Siswanto. "PROSES MANUFAKTUR MESIN POLES DAN AMPELAS UNTUK PROSES METALOGRAFI." JTAM ROTARY 2, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jtam_rotary.v2i1.2001.
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Mesin poles dan amplas adalah salah satu alat yang bekerja menggunakan energi listrik. Sifat mekanik suatu logam atau paduan dapat diamati, salah satunya adalah dengan menganalisis struktur mikro material. Pengujian metalografi dilakukan untuk mengamati struktur mikro. Dalam proses pengerjaan sampel pengujian metalografi selalu melibatkan mesin poles dan amplas. Perumusan masalah dalam pembuatan mesin poles dan amplas ini adalah “Bagaimana proses pembuatan mesin poles dan amplas dan berapa biaya pembuatan mesin poles dan mesin abrasif”. Komponen pada mesin adalah rangka, motor, bantalan, katrol, cakram yang dipoles, reservoir, pompa air, dan keran air, sedangkan alat dan mesin yang digunakan dalam proses pembuatan adalah alat las listrik, penggiling listrik, penggiling duduk, mesin bor tangan, mesin bor duduk, tuas potong, tang sungai, pengelasan asetilena dan mesin bubut. The polishing and sandpaper machine is one of the tools that works using electrical energy. The mechanical properties of a metal or alloy can be observed, one of which is by analyzing the microstructure of the material. Metallographic testing is carried out aimed at observing the microstructure. in the process of working on metallographic testing samples involving a polishing machine and sandpaper. The formulation of the problem in making this polishing machines and sandpaper is “What is the process of manufacturing polishing machines and sandpaper and how much is the cost of manufacturing polishing and abrasive machines”. Components on the engine are frame, motor, bearing, pulleys, polished discs, reservoirs, water pumps, and water taps, while the tools and machines used in the manufacturing process are electric welding tools, electric grinders, sitting grinders, hand drill machines, sitting drill machines, cut levers, riverter pliers, acetylene welding and lathes.
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Setiawan, Ari, Rachmawati Wangsaputra, Yatna Yuwana Martawirya, and Abdul Hakim Halim. "An Object-Oriented Modeling Approach for Production Scheduling on CNC-Machines in Flexible Manufacturing System to Maximize Cutting Tool Utilization." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 18, no. 02 (May 15, 2019): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021968671950015x.
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This paper discusses production scheduling problems on CNC-machines having a set of cutting tools in a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) to maximize the cutting tools utilization. This objective has been selected because it is frequently found that cutting tools are under-utilized as they are used far below their respective lifetime limits. We will consider the situation where several identical CNC-machines are operated in an FMS; each of which is equipped with the same cutting tool configuration. The jobs to be scheduled are machining parts, and each of the parts requires one to two stages of processes, and each of the stages consists of several sequential operations, where a specific operation requires a certain type of cutting tool. Whenever a certain cutting tool is being used, the time consumption will be accumulated to calculate its remaining lifetime. The assignment of an operation to a particular CNC-machine will be based on the sufficiency of the cutting tool remaining lifetime to complete the operation. We formulate the problem in a mathematical model and then solve it using a solution method based on the object-oriented modeling approach, where the FMS elements are grouped as classes of the objects, i.e. the CNC-machine, the cutting-tool, the product (job) and the storage classes. Numerical examples show that the proposed solution method can effectively solve the scheduling problem.
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Pham, Thang, Patrick Kwon, and Shanelle Foster. "Additive Manufacturing and Topology Optimization of Magnetic Materials for Electrical Machines—A Review." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020283.
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Additive manufacturing has many advantages over traditional manufacturing methods and has been increasingly used in medical, aerospace, and automotive applications. The flexibility of additive manufacturing technologies to fabricate complex geometries from copper, polymer, and ferrous materials presents unique opportunities for new design concepts and improved machine power density without significantly increasing production and prototyping cost. Topology optimization investigates the optimal distribution of single or multiple materials within a defined design space, and can lead to unique geometries not realizable with conventional optimization techniques. As an enabling technology, additive manufacturing provides an opportunity for machine designers to overcome the current manufacturing limitation that inhibit adoption of topology optimization. Successful integration of additive manufacturing and topology optimization for fabricating magnetic components for electrical machines can enable new tools for electrical machine designers. This article presents a comprehensive review of the latest achievements in the application of additive manufacturing, topology optimization, and their integration for electrical machines and their magnetic components.
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D'Alfonso, Thomas H., and Jose A. Ventura. "Assignment of tools to machines in a flexible manufacturing system." European Journal of Operational Research 81, no. 1 (February 1995): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(93)e0135-k.
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Odedeyi, Peter Babatunde, Khaled Abou-El-Hossein, Muhammad M. Liman, Abubakar I. Jumare, and Abdulqadir N. Lukman. "Acoustic Emission in Stainless Steel End Milling with Carbide Tools." Key Engineering Materials 753 (August 2017): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.753.206.
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Tool wear is a complex phenomenon, it worsens surface quality, increases power consumption, and causes rejection of machined parts. Tool wear has a direct effect on the quality of the surface finish of the workpiece, dimensional precision and ultimately the cost of the parts produced. In modern automated manufacturing machines, tool monitoring system for automated machines should be capable of operating on-line and interpret the working condition of machining process at a given point in time. Therefore, there is a need to develop a continuous tool monitoring systems that would notify operator the state of tool in order to avoid tool failure or undesirable circumstances. This study therefore uses acoustic emission (AE) sensing techniques, signal processing and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) frameworks to model and validate the machining process. The AE showed effects of tool breakage and ANN predictions closest to the experimental cutting parameters were obtained. It was also shown that the ANN prediction model obtained is a useful, reliable and quite effective tool for modeling tool wear of carbide tools when working on stainless steel. Thus, the results of the present research can be successfully applied in the manufacturing industry to reduce the time, energy and high experimental costs.
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Ramzan, Muhammad Babar, Hafsa Jamshaid, Ismial Usman, and Rajesh Mishra. "Development and Evaluation of Overall Equipment Effectiveness of Knitting Machines Using Statistical Tools." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221091249.
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In manufacturing industries, well-maintained machines ensure their maximum utilization with good product quality, efficient time, and minimum cost. The objective of this study is to investigate a socks manufacturing line to propose an advanced maintenance plan based on Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) to improve the overall maintenance along with better machine performance and product quality. Firstly, a socks manufacturing unit was selected and its maintenance-related problems were identified. It was observed that, among the six big losses, three losses have the major contribution in reducing the world-class value of OEE. Then a framework was designed based on the OEE model with the amalgamation of problem-solving tools to overcome the identified problems and reduce the contribution of three big losses. After the successful implementation of the proposed model, a significant reduction in the value of three big losses was observed that ultimately improve the value of OEE factors for the socks knitting machines by 2.18%. The statistical analysis is also conducted using three types of statistical tests, the Normality test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Paired samples t-test. Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test by Statistical Analysis Software (SAS). This paper points out a new proposed model of advanced OEE, which can improve machine maintenance, productivity, and quality in a better way as compared to the conventional OEE model.
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Nata, Yudi, Abdul Aziz, Adin Nanjarullah, Egi Gunawan, Suaryo Abdul Nur Yaman, and Yoga Juliana. "RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PARUT KELAPA SKALA RUMAH TANGGA." Jurnal Permadi: Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52005/permadi.v3i2.66.
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To facilitate grating and maintain hygiene and increase grating capacity in households and small industries, tools or coconut grating machines have been made, many coconut grater machines are designed or made with various models and prices vary. One of the designs or designs circulating in the market is a grate engine that uses a motorized engine with gasoline fuel. This machine is designed in such a way as to increase safety for users, speed up the coconut grating process, increase capacity, and maintain the hygiene of grated coconut. However, coconut grating machine tools for household and small industries are still relatively expensive. In this design a tool is made with a redesign of the mini coconut grater machine to reduce material costs and manufacturing costs. Make changes to shape and dimensions for frames and supports. Besides that, there are also changes to engine components with household-scale electric motors with a power of 220 volts.
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Krehel', Radoslav, Denisa Krchová, and Marek Kočiško. "Diagnostic Analysis of Cutting Tools using a Temperature Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 669 (October 2015): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.669.382.
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In different kinds of industries, newer types of machines are implemented, on which higher and higher requirements are given. High level of production is the essential key for scientific and technological progress in different kind of sectors which contain human activity. Improvement, increasing the efficiency and quality of manufacturing processes are connected with the progress in tool machines. Amongst many indicators that describe the technological level of tool machines is the working part, which has the minor position.
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Denkena, Berend, Benjamin Bergmann, and Tobias H. Stiehl. "Transfer of Process References between Machine Tools for Online Tool Condition Monitoring." Machines 9, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9110282.
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Process and tool condition monitoring systems are a prerequisite for autonomous production. One approach to monitoring individual parts without complex cutting simulations is the transfer of knowledge among similar monitoring scenarios. This paper introduces a novel monitoring method which transfers monitoring limits for process signals between different machine tools. The method calculates monitoring limits statistically from cutting processes carried out on one or more similar machines. The monitoring algorithm aims to detect general process anomalies online. Experiments comprise face-turning operations at five different lathes, four of which were of the same model. Results include the successful transfer of monitoring limits between machines of the same model for the detection of material anomalies. In comparison to an approach based on dynamic time warping (DTW) and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), the new method showed fewer false alarms and higher detection rates. However, for the transfer between different models of machines, the successful application of the new method is limited. This is predominantly due to limitations of the employed process component isolation and differences between machine models in terms of signal properties as well as execution speed.
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Florussen, Guido, Koen Houben, Henny Spaan, and Theresa Spaan-Burke. "Automating Accuracy Evaluation of 5-Axis Machine Tools." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 3 (May 5, 2020): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0409.
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A wireless non-contact 3D measuring head is used to determine the accuracy of 5-axis machine tools. The measuring head is inserted in the spindle by the tool exchanger automating the measurement routine used. For checking the linear machine axes, a cross shaped artefact containing 13 precision balls is introduced, named Position Inspector, enabling the determination of positioning and straightness errors of two linear axes in one setup. The squareness error between both axes is also determined in this setup. This artefact can be mounted on a pallet system for automatic loading and is measured in a bi-directional run. This artefact can be measured in different orientations (i.e., horizontal, inclined, vertical) and is pre-calibrated with a CMM. The measurement sequence using this artefact is executed in eight minutes and its design and support system is addressed in this paper. The location errors and orientation errors of the axis average line (or pivot line) of both rotary axes are determined with the Rotary Inspector using the same measuring head with a single precision ball. For this, kinematic tests are used from ISO10791-6, e.g., the BK1 test, BK2 test which apply for trunnion or swivel table machines. Derived parameters can be used for machine correction resulting in a significantly improved machine accuracy. An example is given where this correction is performed automatically by implementing this measurement system in the machine’s controller. Finally the machine tool is tested using the BK4 test. For this test all 5-axes are moved simultaneously and the measured displacements between the machine’s spindle and table in X-, Y-, and Z-directions are compared to tolerance levels. This final test reveals the machine’s overall accuracy and dynamic behavior.
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Yang, Xiaoqiang. "Remote Diagnosis and Detection Technology for Electrical Control of Intelligent Manufacturing CNC Machine Tools." Scientific Programming 2022 (October 15, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4642550.
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An intelligent manufacturing environment employs internet-based communication and monitoring technologies for fault detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of industrial machines. The monitoring and fault detection are performed remotely without human intervention that predicts faults and ensures specific operational control. This article introduces a rational fault diagnosis process (RFDP) best suited for remote fault detection and diagnosis of CNC machine tools. The proposed process monitors different operational segments of the machine and extracts related data to validate its performance. The interconnection between the segments and fault impact are identified using the transfer learning process. The previously identified faults are used in the state training process to improve detection and diagnosis accuracy. Depending on the operational control continuity, the performance is assessed post the fault diagnosis. The learning paradigm is trained using the machine’s efficiency and rational data processing to predict the transfer states’ faults. The transfer states are modulated based on the efficiency and minimum-maximum control recommended for the CNC machine. This process’s performance is validated using detection accuracy, diagnosis recommendation, downtime, data processing rate, and processing time. From the experimental analysis, it is seen that for the varying data extraction rates, the proposed process improves detection accuracy by 10.14%, diagnosis recommendation by 8.58% and data processing rate by 7.95%, reducing the downtime by 8.85%, and processing by 11.24%.
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Alsayed, Salman A. "Implementation of Lean Manufacturing to Improve Air Handling Unit Coil Manufacturing in Saudi Air Conditioning Manufacturing Company (SAMCO)." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Applications 6, no. 06 (October 31, 2020): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46593/ijaera.2020.v06i06.003.
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This report aims to improve the production operations of the coils shop of air handling units (AHU) at Saudi Air Conditioning Manufacturing Company (SAMCO) by applying lean manufacturing strategy. The coils shop of AHU experienced several issues which impact negatively on its performance and increase the non-added values. For instance, it suffers from significant amount of scrap, low machines utilization, extra manpower, long machine set up time, and the absence of process safety system. In this report, the required data were collected by three ways; observation, recording and conducting the interviews with the related people. These data were analyzed by a wide range of tools, which are used to apply lean manufacturing such as, value stream mapping, 5S, work standardized, manual handling assessment chart, snook table, one-dimensional cutting optimizer, and mistake proofing. As a result, a significant reduction in the overall cost of coils shops production processes were obtained. For instance, the average machines set up time was reduced by 18 %, number of set up per shift was reduced by 20.8 %, the number of operators was reduced by 26.3 %, the quality of the product was increased and the safety of the processes was enhanced. It is worthy to note the amount of the scrap was dropped by approximately 71 %.
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Doreth, Karl, Jan Henjes, and Stefan Kroening. "Approach to Forecast Energy Consumption of Machine Tools within the Design Phase." Advanced Materials Research 769 (September 2013): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.769.278.
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For environmental and economic reasons, energy- and resource- efficient operations of cutting machines are increasingly important. The determination of properties and functions of machine tools, which affect future energy consumption in operation, essentially takes place within the design phase by combining required components. Therefore, it is necessary to develop approaches to find an efficient optimum between energy consumption, productivity, acquisition costs and operating costs within the design phase of a machine tool. However, the energy consumption of a machine tool depends on the application scenario. In addition to that, it is difficult to forecast the energy consumption of several components because of their mutual interaction. Existing approaches to forecast the energy consumption of a machine tool within design phase are based on complex simulation or mathematical models which are difficult to parameterize for the design of a machine tool and thus, for the comparison of various configuration alternatives. An alternative for forecasting energy consumption is the use of empirical information. That information can be acquired by measuring the energy consumption of machine tools in operating production systems. This paper presents an approach to forecast the energy consumption of machine tools within the design phase, which will be developed by the Institute of Production Engineering and Machine Tools. It will be based on the data feedback (empirical information) from a machine tool operating in an existing manufacturing system. For this purpose, a logger module will be developed, which continually captures the energy consumption by means of the machine integrated sensors. That information will be sent back to an energy navigator module, which processes that information in order to forecast the energy consumption of a new designed machine tool. Also, the lifecycle costs will be calculated in order to rate cost and benefits of each machines lifecycle in terms of energy consumption.
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Ovchinnikov, Vladimir A., Evgeny A. Kilmyashkin, Aleksey S. Knyazkov, Alena V. Ovchinnikova, Nikolay A. Zhalnin, and Evgeny S. Zykin. "Development of an Adaptive Centrifugal Working Tool for Mineral Fertilization Using Rapid Prototyping Technologies." Engineering Technologies and Systems 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.032.202202.222-234.
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Introduction. Improvement of the agro-industrial complex involves the creation of new and modernizations of existing working tools and machines. The important conditions for this are the application of modern technologies and ongoing cooperation with the actual manufacturing. The aim of the research is to develop an adaptive centrifugal working tool and improve the quality of mineral fertilization. Materials and Methods. The adaptive centrifugal working tool was developed and manufactured based on studying the state of the matter and requirements to machines for mineral fertilization. At all stages of the research, there were used computer-aided design and rapid prototyping methods based on additive technologies. Results. As a result of the use of the presented working tools, the machine operating width has increased by 10.0‒22.5%. Experimental working tools, in comparison with serial ones, allow decreasing uneven distribution of mineral fertilizers by 13.4% due to their redistribution from the central zone to the edges. Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of experimental studies, the efficiency of the developed adaptive centrifugal working tools has been proved. It allows increasing uniformity of mineral fertilizer distribution and the machine operating width. Modern design methods make it possible to considerably reduce time and costs.
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Murugan, S., and PR Thyla. "Mechanical and dynamic properties of alternate materials for machine tool structures: A review." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 37, no. 24 (September 25, 2018): 1456–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418799946.
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Machine tool structures find large-scale applications in various machining industries due to their necessity to design several kinds of machines. However, the vibration produced on machining is a significant problem which has to be overcome. To suppress the vibration, several researchers have attempted to enhance the machine tool structure’s dynamic characteristics in the recent past. The composite materials have risen up as a new kind of material for the manufacture of machine tool structures with producing lesser vibrations since the past few decades. To increase the production of precision products, machining should be done at high speeds without producing vibration. The dynamic characteristics such as natural frequency as well as damping of machine tool structures are very important parameters. Hence, the improvement of these parameters is nothing but the improvement of dynamic characteristics, as said earlier. Therefore, the present review elaborates various available reports on the improved dynamic characteristics of machine tools. The review focused mainly on mechanical and dynamic properties of alternate materials for machine tools with different composite materials. Furthermore, conflicting conditions of suitable alternate material for the preparation of machine tools are also focused in the present review. To the best of our knowledge, the review on the use of alternate materials for the manufacturing of machine tool structures has not been reported elsewhere and hence the present review will provide useful information for subsequent researchers to enhance the scope of research work in the area of manufacturing machine tool structures.
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Zaeh, Michael F. "Special Issue on Active and Passive Vibration Damping in Machine Tools." International Journal of Automation Technology 12, no. 5 (September 5, 2018): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2018.p0621.
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Automation of machine tools has made them more productive, thereby providing an advantage for sustainability and the welfare of mankind. However, in many cases, the successful automation of machine tools requires the avoidance of self-excited chatter vibrations, resulting in a reliable stable state for cutting. Machine tool operators tend to use the machines close to their power thresholds, thereby unknowingly driving them toward the limits of their stability. Much progress has been made in the last few decades concerning the understanding and prediction of such vibrations, and this has led to improvements such as higher cutting rates and chip thicknesses. Several countermeasures such as active and passive damping are available for avoiding chatter vibrations in machine tools. However, their industrial use is not common yet. In fact, the industry is somewhat unfamiliar with many of these countermeasures. The hesitant attitude of the machine tool builders to apply such countermeasures is a result of several factors: active and passive damping devices are additional system components that require design, tuning, and maintenance. Furthermore, they are associated with a risk of failure, resulting in additional down times of the machines. Additionally, if a machine requires such devices to achieve the desired specifications, the customer’s opinion regarding it can be negatively affected. This situation is challenging for machine tool builders, users, and academia as well. Therefore, we decided to dedicate a special issue of IJAT to this topic. This special issue focuses on both active and passive damping measures, particularly the measures that are systematically designed and deliberately implemented to increase the chatter-free depth of cut in machine tools. The papers in this issue identify successful applications or at least a vision for them. Additionally, models demonstrating the effects of the chosen active or passive damping systems are presented. Some of these models can also be used to systematically select the parameters of the system. Some of the systems can be easily applied as low-cost patch-up solutions to improve the behaviors of the machines already in use. I hope that this special issue delivers a valuable overview of the existing approaches to introduce additional damping in machine tools. I would like to sincerely thank all the authors for their dedication and the well written and illustrated manuscripts. I would also like to thank the reviewers for their efforts to ensure the quality of this issue. Finally, I am very thankful to IJAT for their immense cooperation and support. I wish you all the best and hope that you can benefit from the content of this special issue.
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Draghici, George. "Infrastructure for Integrated Collaborative Product Development in Distributed Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 760 (May 2015): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.760.9.
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The tools used for collaborative product design is based on PLM solutions, integrating BOM, CAD, CAE, CAPP, CAM and PDM software. The PLM platforms are distributed in virtual project team of partners. Currently, the integrated collaborative and distributed product design and manufacture can be supported by the cloud technology, given advances in Cloud Computing. The objective of our research is to develop an infrastructure for integrated collaborative and distributed product design and manufacturing, including software applications, CNC machine tools, additive manufacturing machines etc., dispersed in different universities labs for students’ education.
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Zhao, Guoyong, Yu Su, Guangming Zheng, Yugang Zhao, and Chunxiao Li. "Tool tip cutting specific energy prediction model and the influence of machining parameters and tool wear in milling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 10 (April 13, 2020): 1346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420911298.
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Most of the existing energy-consumption models of machine tools are related to specific machine components and hence cannot be applied to other machine tools with different specifications. In order to help operators optimize machining parameters for improving energy efficiency, the tool tip cutting specific energy prediction model based on machining parameters and tool wear in milling is developed, which is independent of the standby power of machine tools and the spindle no-load power. Then, the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is verified with dry milling AISI 1045 steel experiments. Finally, the influence of machining parameters and tool wear on tool tip cutting specific energy is studied. The developed model is independent of machine components, so it can reveal the influence of machining parameters and tool wear on tool tip cutting specific energy. The tool tip cutting specific energy reduces with the increase in the cutting depth, side cutting depth, feed rate, and cutting speed, while increases linearly as the tool wears gradually. The research results are helpful to formulate efficient and energy-saving processing schemes on various milling machines.
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Popa, Ramona-Iuliana, Maria Catana, Gabriel Cimpoesu, Lucian Burlea, and Constantin Cărăușu. "PLANNING AND SCHEDULE OF MAINTENANCE WORKS FOR INJECTION MACHINES." International Journal of Manufacturing Economics and Management 1, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54684/ijmem.2021.1.2.41.
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Keeping the equipment and machinery in working order is a very important activity in the field of industrial production, being specific to the maintenance department within an enterprise. Ensuring an optimal in operation of the manufacturing systems is closely related to the prevention of defects, an action that must be found in a planning and scheduling of preventive-planned maintenance works. In the paper, in addition to the introductory part on the main objectives and implementation of the maintenance system and maintenance-specific operations, a case study is conducted for the planning and organization of maintenance in a company equipped with plastic injection machines. The main stages developed consisted in elaborating the maintenance plan, establishing the optimal moment for replacing the machine tools, choosing the optimal type of machine tool and establishing the elements of random wear of the machine tools. It is concluded that the optimal type of injection molding machine that will be chosen to replace the T10 injection molding machine is T14, because it has a minimum average cost of acquisition, maintenance and repair, respectively 42.286 UV.
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Chung, Chulho, and Qingjin Peng. "The selection of tools and machines on web-based manufacturing environments." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 44, no. 2-3 (February 2004): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2003.09.002.
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Milutinović, Milan, Zoran Dimić, Goran Vasilić, Saša Živanović, Branko Kokotović, and Nikola Slavković. "Development of a new CNC grinding machine for 3+2-axis grinding of the profile rotary milling cutter." Scientific Technical Review 72, no. 1 (2022): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/str2201042m.
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Due to the great expansion of woodworking, profile tools manufacturing has become current and in demand. In wood industry there are two large groups of tools: rotary and spindle milling cutters that can be profile or flat. The technology of making profile rotary milling cutters requires, apart from cutting, turning, milling, 5-axis grinding operation that is performed on a 5-axis CNC grinding machine with the A'OXYZC configuration.It is a machine of a very complex kinematics and high cost-price. The paper presents a new machine that has been built for 3+2-axis grinding - Profilator 100,used for industrial manufacturing of rotary and spindle profile milling cutters. The accuracy of measures and shapes of the profile cutters built on Profilator 100 is of a high level and in industrial exploitation the difference is not observed between the profile cutters built on 5-axis CNC grinding machines. Regarding technoeconomic cost-effectiveness, production costs of Profilator 100 are lower even by ten times compared to the cost-price of 5-axis CNC grinding machines of renowned world manufacturers such as Schneeberger and Volmer.
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Xi, Fengfeng, Wanzhi Han, Marcel Verner, and Andrew Ross. "Development of a sliding-leg tripod as an add-on device for manufacturing." Robotica 19, no. 3 (April 25, 2001): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700002964.
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This paper presents the work on developing a sliding-leg tripod as a programmable add-on device for manufacturing. The purpose is to enhance the capabilities of any machine by providing it with a more flexible range of motion. This device can be used as a toolhead for CNC machine tools and robots, or as a work stage for coordinate measuring machines and laser scanning systems. In this paper, system modelling, analysis and control of this device is presented. System modeling includes mobility study, kinematic model and inverse kinematics. System analysis includes workspace analysis, transmission ratio and stiffness analysis. System control includes path planning, joint space control and Cartesian space prediction. It is shown that the proposed device can provide flexibility and dexterity to machines.
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Müller, Marcel, and Elmar Wings. "An Architecture for Hybrid Manufacturing Combining 3D Printing and CNC Machining." International Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 2016 (October 9, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8609108.
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Additive manufacturing is one of the key technologies of the 21st century. Additive manufacturing processes are often combined with subtractive manufacturing processes to create hybrid manufacturing because it is useful for manufacturing complex parts, for example, 3D printed sensor systems. Currently, several CNC machines are required for hybrid manufacturing: one machine is required for additive manufacturing and one is required for subtractive manufacturing. Disadvantages of conventional hybrid manufacturing methods are presented. Hybrid manufacturing with one CNC machine offers many advantages. It enables manufacturing of parts with higher accuracy, less production time, and lower costs. Using the example of fused layer modeling (FLM), we present a general approach for the integration of additive manufacturing processes into a numerical control for machine tools. The resulting CNC architecture is presented and its functionality is demonstrated. Its application is beyond the scope of this paper.
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Seyler, Tobias, Johannes Engler, Tobias Beckmann, Markus Fratz, Alexander Bertz, and Daniel Carl. "HoloPort – design and integration of a digital holographic 3-D sensor in machine tools." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 9, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-33-2020.
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Abstract. Manufacturing of high-precision components requires accuracies that even the most modern processing machines are often unable to deliver reliably. Slightly worn tools, incorrectly calibrated sensors or even different trajectories can lead to results that do not comply with the desired specifications. However, quality control is still mainly performed on randomized samples outside the machine tool in special measuring rooms. Therefore, closed-loop quality control becomes a cumbersome iterative process. With HoloPort, we present a digital holographic sensor system that is capable of measuring the complete topography of machined components with sub-micrometer precision directly inside a tooling machine. To our knowledge, HoloPort is the first wireless interferometric sensor inside a machine tool worldwide. As it is fully integrated, it features not only a multiwavelength interferometer but also a miniaturized graphics processing unit (GPU). This allows for full data evaluation directly in the sensor. A single measurement is taken and processed within 3 s during wireless operation. HoloPort is easy to integrate into a variety of machine tools. This contribution includes detailed information about the sensor architecture. Experimental results on milled parts demonstrate the performance of the system and illustrate possible inline applications as well as future perspectives for the sensor.
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Martinov, Georgi M., Akram Al Khoury, and Ahed Issa. "An approach of developing low cost ARM based CNC systems by controlling CAN drives." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822401020.
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Nowadays, there is a big demand on using small sized CNC machine tools, which have low price tag, wide range of implementations, low manufacturing costs and can be used for educational purposes. These machines can achieve casual manufacturing routines, like milling and drilling in applications, where there is no need for high speed performances and super quality of products. In this work, we proposed a model of CNC for these machines and analysed its components and efficiency. The model consists of three main layers: CNC system (application layer), ARM based microcomputer as CAN master and controller (connecting layer) and Servo-Drive Step Motors (actuating layer).
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Taylor, Ian. "Overall control within a flexible manufacturing system and the development of a cell controller." Robotica 3, no. 4 (October 1985): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700002307.
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SUMMARYThe centre of a Flexible Manufacturing System is its computer control. This paper identifies the component parts for computer control and explains how they have been combined to produce a turnkey cell controller, which provides the intelligence requirements to control cells utilising up to six resources that may be a combination of numerically controlled machine tools, inspection machines, workstations, robots, etc. It provides for various types of part/tool transport and schedules the parts movement within the cell. A second computer handles part programme information within the cell and also gathers management information during the cells operation.
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Hagag, Asmaa M., Laila S. Yousef, and Tamer F. Abdelmaguid. "Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Machine Selection in Manufacturing and Construction: Recent Trends." Mathematics 11, no. 3 (January 26, 2023): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11030631.
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As the number of alternative machines has increased and their technology has been continuously developed, the machine selection problem has attracted many researchers. This article reviews recent developments in applying multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods for selecting machines in the manufacturing and construction industries. Selected articles are classified according to the application area and the applied MCDM method. By focusing on the last five years, this paper identifies recent trends in developing and using these methods. Results suggest that there has been a noticeable growth in the utilization of MCDM techniques for machine selection problems in both sectors. It is also noted that several decision-support tools and methods have been developed and successfully applied during this period. Accordingly, needs and directions for future research are discussed.
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Śliwka, Janusz, and Maciej Kaźmierczak. ""ANALYSIS OF STATIC STIFFNESS OF MACHINE TOOLS FOR RAILWAY AND SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRIES "." International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies 14, no. 1 (June 20, 2022): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.1.91.
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The article presents static stiffness investigation of a rather specific group of machine tools characterized by a unique construction type which are made for railway and shipbuilding industries. Machines of that type are rarely tested in terms of their static stiffness, so consequently the knowledge about their static stiffness properties is fairly limited. The investigation was conducted involving two methods, traditional (conventional) one and the other originally developed method using dynamically changeable signal (DDSS). The results obtained represented stiffness characteristics and stiffness indicators. The static stiffness tests of the machine tools presented in the article are very rare. Therefore, in this case, the knowledge base is very poor. Based on the results obtained, the machining accuracy can be predicted. In many cases, the obtained results are the only source of information needed to validate FEM calculation models, compare similar machines, verify and optimize the stiffness of the structure at the design stage. In addition, due to the lack of appropriate standards for conducting this type of research, the presented unique procedures are helpful for subsequent researchers of this issue.
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Lukic, Ljubomir, Milorad Krgovic, and Ilija Jarakovic. "Pulp moulding machines for the production of packing paper elements." Chemical Industry 59, no. 7-8 (2005): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0508180l.
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Paper pulp molds are now commonly applied in the technology of modern packing for a wide range of products. The technological process of producing the paper molds has three basic phases: paper pulp preparation, in which water and waste paper are the basic raw materials, the formation of product in tool pulp moulding machines and process drying. The firm "SERVOTEH" from Belgrade has developed various pulp moulding machines for different operating conditions (manual, semiautomatic and automatic operation), different manufacturing capacities and an alternative number of tools. The system of "SERVOTEH" pulp moulding machines covers several construction solutions: a sinking system, veer system and rotation system. This paper presents the technological process, as well as the integral and concept approach to the design of pulp moulding machines and system tools.
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Rodríguez, A., I. Tabernero, S. Martínez, and Aitzol Lamikiz. "Quality Training and Research around the Machine Tools." Materials Science Forum 759 (July 2013): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.759.55.
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The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. The text area for your manuscript must be 17 cm wide and 25 cm high. The High Performance Manufacturing Group of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao has a workshop fully-equipped. In this way, these machine tools are valid both to support research carried out by the Group and also to improve teaching lessons, both theoretically and practically. In this paper, the case of a five-axis milling machine was presented and analyzed. Each year, the new students are taught to design various systems of the machine and they are also encouraged to make some practical tests. This dual use of machines is very useful since it allows to carry out high level researches, as well as to train new students in theoretical and practical issues.