Journal articles: 'Manure bovine'

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Silva, Viviane F., Carlos V. C. Bezerra, Elka C. S. Nascimento, Tricia N. F. Ferreira, Vera L. A. Lima, and Leando O. Andrade. "Production of chili pepper under organic fertilization and irrigation with treated wastewater." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 23, no. 2 (February 2019): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n2p84-89.

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ABSTRACT With the occurrence of prolonged droughts in the Brazilian semi-arid region, water scarcity directly influences agriculture in this region, so that water reuse and bovine manure application become a viable alternative for pepper production. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the sustainable production of chili peppers (Capsicum frutescens) under levels of irrigation with treated wastewater and doses of bovine manure. The following bovine manure doses were considered: D1 (0% manure and 100% soil), D2 (10% manure and 90% soil), D3 (20% manure and 80% soil), D4 (30% manure and 70% soil), D5 (40% manure and 60% soil) and D6 (50% manure and 50% soil), based on volume. Three levels of irrigation were applied, based on the water requirement of the crop (WR), namely: 100% WR (L1), 75% WR (L2) and 50% WR (L3). Production variables and physical characteristics of the produced peppers were evaluated. Pepper production (g plant-1) increased as 10% of bovine manure were added in substrate composition. Increasing concentration of bovine manure and using 50% WR provided favorable conditions for the organic production of chili pepper.

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Micaela, Micaela B. Pereira, Thiago Jardelino Dias, Neriane Rodrigues de Lima Neriane, Evandra Da Silva Justino Evandra, Daivyd S. Oliveira Daivyd, and Mario L. Martins Veras Mario. "Plant growth and yield of butter kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala), as influenced by the combined application of bovine manure and rock powder." Acta Agronómica 69, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v69n1.75174.

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The supply of organic matter in soil of arid and semiarid in Brazilian regions is very import, as it allows to increase crop yields. However, there are few studies on alternative sources of fertilizer for vegetables. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different doses of bovine manure and rock powder (RP) on growth characteristics, concentration of chlorophyll, and physiological indices and production of (B. oleracea L. var. acephala). The treatments were arranged in five randomized blocks in a factorial 4 x 4 reference doses of bovine manure (60, 120, 180 and 240 g pit-1) combined with doses of rock powder (6, 12, 18 and 24 g pit-1). Doses of bovine manure and rock powder of 180 and 18 g, respectively, increased the growth of B. oleracea by plant height, stem diameter, leaf number. The combination doses of bovine manure 120 g + 12 g rock powder and 120 g of bovine manure + 18 g rock powder, provided, in this order, larger leaf area results for the productivity of B. oleracea. The bovine manure promotes greater concentration of CO2, net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of B. oleracea plant, while rock powder limits these characteristics. Intermediate doses of bovine manure and RP promote higher growth and yield of B. oleracea.

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Oliveira, Arnaldo Nonato P. de, Ademar P. de Oliveira, Francisco de Assis P. Leonardo, Iordam da S. Cruz, and Damiana F. da Silva. "Yield of gherkin in response to doses of bovine manure." Horticultura Brasileira 27, no. 1 (March 2009): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362009000100020.

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Considering the importance of gherkin in Northeastern Brazil, studies focusing on increasing its quality and yield are powerful tools to improve people social and economical condition in this region. The effects of doses of bovine manure were evaluated in gherkin yield in an experiment using cultivar Nordestino, from May to September 2006, at the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia County, Paraíba State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks, with five treatments (0; 10; 20; 30, and 40 t ha-1) of bovine manure, in four replications. The working area in each experimental plot corresponded to 80 m², including 20 plants, with 2.0 x 2.0 m spaces. The highest number of fruits per plant (30) was achieved with 32.2 t ha-1 of bovine manure. Both fruit production per plant and fruit yield increased with doses of bovine manure, with maximum values of respectively 1,306 g and 19.5 t ha-1, when 40 t ha-1 of bovine manure were used.

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Raj, Raman D., and Reid R. Gerhardt. "Insect-based detector of bovine manure odors." Computer Standards & Interfaces 20, no. 6-7 (March 1999): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5489(99)91026-7.

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BERRY, ELAINE D., and JAMES E. WELLS. "A Direct Plating Method for Estimating Populations of Escherichia coli O157 in Bovine Manure and Manure-Based Materials†." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 2233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.11.2233.

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Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreaks associated with produce consumption have brought attention to livestock manures and manure-based soil amendments as potential sources of pathogens for the contamination of these crops. Procedures for enumeration of E. coli O157:H7 are needed to assess the risks of transmission from these manures and their by-products. A direct plating method employing spiral plating onto CHROMagar O157 was investigated for enumeration of E. coli O157:H7 in feedlot surface material, aged bovine manure, bovine manure compost, and manure-amended soil. In studies utilizing samples spiked with a five-strain cocktail of E. coli O157:H7 at levels ranging from 102 to 105 CFU/g of sample, there were strong correlations between the observed and predicted levels of this pathogen. Although the addition of 2.5 mg/liter potassium tellurite and 5 mg/liter novobiocin made the medium more restrictive, these amendments enhanced the ability to identify and enumerate E. coli O157:H7 in feedlot surface material, which contained a higher proportion of fresh feces than did the other three sample types and therefore higher levels of interfering bacterial microflora. The spiral plating method was further assessed to determine its ability to enumerate E. coli O157:H7 in naturally contaminated feedlot surface material. Comparison of E. coli O157:H7 counts in feedlot surface material obtained by the spiral plating method and a most probable number technique were well correlated. We conclude that direct spiral plating onto CHROMagar O157 is effective for estimating E. coli O157: H7 levels in a variety of manures and manure-containing sample types to a lower detection limit of 200 CFU/g. The method has application for determining E. coli O157:H7 concentrations in manures and composts before their sale and use as soil amendments and for measuring the effectiveness of manure treatment processes to reduce or inactivate this pathogen.

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Kuczynska, Ewa, Daniel R. Shelton, and Yakov Pachepsky. "Effect of Bovine Manure on Cryptosporidium parvum Oocyst Attachment to Soil." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 10 (October 2005): 6394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.10.6394-6397.2005.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to assess the effect of dilute bovine manure (1.0% and 0.1%) versus that of no manure on attachment and subsequent detachment of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts to soil. Manure enhanced the attachment of oocysts to soil particles; the maximum attachment was observed with 0.1% manure. Oocyst attachment was partially reversible; maximum detachment was observed with dilute manure. These results indicate that oocyst attachment to soil is substantially affected by bovine manure in a complex manner and should have implications for how oocysts may be transported through or over soils.

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Cavalcante, Lourival Ferreira, Francisco Thiago Coelho Bezerra, Antônio Gustavo de Souto, Marlene Alexandrina Ferreira Bezerra, Geovani Soares de Lima, Hans Raj Gheyi, Jorge F. da Silva Pereira, and Márkilla Zunete Beckmann-Cavalcante. "Biofertilizers in horticultural crops." Comunicata Scientiae 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v10i4.3058.

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Bovine manure biofertilizers can exert physical, chemical, and biological effects on the soil and the phytoprotective, physiological, and productive actions in horticultural crops. The literature review was performed to compile information on the production, uses, and effects of bovine manure biofertilizers on soil properties and plants. Biofertilizers are produced by organic components, minerals, and inoculants. Among the organic sources, the bovine manure is the most used. The fermentation of the bovine manure in water constitutes the Vairo biofertilizer, the most employed in Brazilian horticulture. With the chemical enrichment of this preparation came the Supermagro, Agrobio, and Agrobom biofertilizers. In the soil, it can act in the improvement of soil fertility, physical properties, and in the diversity and abundance of the biota. Also, it can act in control of pests and diseases, leaf composition concerning macro and micronutrients, and in the production and post-harvest quality of horticultural crops. Therefore, this review describes the preparation, chemical composition, and utilization of bovine manure biofertilizers in both soil and plants, offering perspectives of research on the formulations, application, and effects of these inputs on horticultural species.

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Çekiç, Samantha K., Jaysankar De, Mohammad Jubair, and Keith R. Schneider. "Persistence of Indigenous Escherichia coli in Raw Bovine Manure-Amended Soil." Journal of Food Protection 80, no. 9 (August 15, 2017): 1562–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-033.

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ABSTRACT The Food Safety Modernization Act attempts to reduce produce-related foodborne illness by using preventive rather than reactive measures. The goal of this research was to determine the persistence of manure-borne generic Escherichia coli under laboratory and field conditions. The population density of naturally occurring E. coli was ∼7.2 and 5.4 log CFU/10 g in pre- and postscreened manures, respectively. Postscreened (i.e. after the liquid manure has passed through a screen) manure was applied at light, medium, and heavy rates to fields in Live Oak and Citra, FL, during the fall and summer. Laboratory microcosms of the manure-amended soils (comparable to the field's heavy application rate of manure) from both locations were maintained at 20 and 30°C. Persistence of E. coli, moisture content, and pH were monitored until E. coli became unrecoverable. The longest E. coli persistence seen in field trails was during the summer and fall trials from Citra (heavy application) that terminated on day 112 and day 280, respectively. The rate of E. coli decay ranged from 0.02 to 0.04 log CFU per day across all manure application rates, seasons, and locations. In the microcosm studies, the E. coli became extinct on day 210 in the 30°C, whereas they became unrecoverable on day 420 in the 20°C microcosms. The relatively prolonged persistence of E. coli in the microcosms suggests that survival under laboratory conditions does not mimic real-world survival rates and may not be adequate for predicting E. coli persistence in the field. The persistence data also suggest that the risk from E. coli associated with new contamination events, such as wild life intrusion, runoff, or other vectors, may be greater than the risk associated with the long-term survival of manure-borne E. coli, although more work is needed to confirm this hypothesis.

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JIANG, XIUPING, MAHBUB ISLAM, JENNIE MORGAN, and MICHAEL P. DOYLE. "Fate of Listeria monocytogenes in Bovine Manure–Amended Soil." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 1676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.8.1676.

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The survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes in soil amended with bovine manure was studied under different environmental conditions of temperature, nutrients, and soil microflora. Autoclaved soil was compared with unautoclaved soil for assessing the influence of competitive soil microflora on the survival of L. monocytogenes. Initial L. monocytogenes cell numbers of 5 to 6 log CFU/g survived for up to 43, 43, and 14 days in manure-amended autoclaved soil at 5, 15, and 21°C, respectively. In manure-amended unautoclaved soil, the pathogen was detectable for up to 43, 21, and 21 days at 5, 15, and 21°C, respectively. L. monocytogenes was inactivated more rapidly in autoclaved soil amended with manure at a manure/soil ratio of 1:10 than in the more dilute (1:100) manure in soil samples at both 15 and 21°C. However, in manure-amended unautoclaved soil, L. monocytogenes survived longer in samples with ratios of 1:10 than in the more dilute (1:100) manure-amended soil. The persistence of L. monocytogenes for several weeks in manure-amended soil suggests listeriae could be transmitted through soil to fresh produce or to shoes, clothing, and hands of field workers, especially during the cold months.

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Gomes Moreira, Vanessa Ohana, Raimundo Nonato De Assis Júnior, and Túlio Cordeiro Aragão. "CRESCIMENTO E FOTOSSÍNTESE DO MILHO CULTIVADO SOB ESTRESSE SALINO COM ESTERCO E POLÍMERO SUPERABSORVENTE." IRRIGA 25, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 603–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2020v25n3p603-616.

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CRESCIMENTO E FOTOSSÍNTESE DO MILHO CULTIVADO SOB ESTRESSE SALINO COM ESTERCO E POLÍMERO SUPERABSORVENTE VANESSA OHANA GOMES MOREIRA1; RAIMUNDO NONATO DE ASSIS JÚNIOR2 E TÚLIO CORDEIRO ARAGÃO3 1Engenheira Agrônoma, Mestra e Doutoranda em Ciência do Solo, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici – Bloco 807, CEP 60356-000, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. E-mail: van_ohana1@hotmail.com 2Engenheiro Agrônomo, Doutor em Agronomia - Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, Professor Titular, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici – Bloco 807, CEP 60356-000, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. E-mail: assisjr@ufc.br 3Graduando em Química. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici - Bloco 940, CEP 60440-900, Fortaleza – Ceará, Brasil. E-mail: tuliocaragao@gmail.com 1 RESUMO Esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o uso de esterco bovino e polímero iônico superabsorvente no crescimento inicial e na capacidade fotossintética de plantas de milho cultivadas em Neossolo Quartzarênico salino-sódico. O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegetação com quatro tratamentos: T1 - Controle; T2 – Polímero; T3 - Esterco bovino; T4 - Polímero + Esterco bovino. Foram avaliados os parâmetros biométricos: altura das plantas, diâmetro do colmo, área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea, comprimento e massa seca da raiz aos 45 dias após a emergência (DAE) das plantas. A fotossíntese foi avaliada em três momentos: aos 15, 30 e 45 DAE. Houve diferenças significativas pelo teste F (p < 0,05) nos parâmetros biométricos avaliados e na taxa de fotossíntese. As menores médias das variáveis analisadas foram obtidas no tratamento controle. A aplicação do polímero resultou em médias dos parâmetros biométricos e da fotossíntese estatisticamente menores que as médias do esterco bovino. A combinação de polímero e esterco promoveu incremento na capacidade fotossintética e no comprimento da raiz. Conclui-se que, o esterco é mais eficiente que o polímero na melhoria do crescimento inicial do milho sob estresse salino e, quando combinados, promovem maior capacidade fotossintética e maior crescimento das raízes. Palavras-chave: salinidade do solo, hidrogel, adubo orgânico, Zea Mays L. MOREIRA, V. O. G.; ASSIS JÚNIOR, R. N.; ARAGÃO, T. C. GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF MAIZE CULTIVATED UNDER SALINE STRESS WITH MANURE AND SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER 2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the use of bovine manure and ionic superabsorbent polymer in the initial growth and in the photosynthetic capacity of maize cultivated in saline-sodium Quartzarenic Neosol . The experiment was installed in a greenhouse with four treatments: T1 - Control; T2 - Polymer; T3 - Bovine manure; T4 - Polymer + Bovine manure. Biometric parameters were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, aerial part dry matter, root length and root dry matter at 45 days after emergence (DAE). The photosynthesis was evaluated in three moments: at 15, 30 and 45 DAE. Significant differences were observed by the F test (p <0.05) in biometric parameters evaluated and photosynthesis rate. The application of the polymer resulted in lower averages than those of the bovine manure for all biometric parameters and photosynthesis. The combination of polymer and bovine manure promoted an increase in photosynthetic capacity and in root length. It is concluded that bovine manure is more efficient than polymer in improving the initial growth of maize under saline stress and when combined promote increase in rate of photosynthesis and root growth. Keywords: soil salinity, hydrogel, organic fertilizer, Zea Mays L.

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Kudva, Indira T., Kathryn Blanch, and Carolyn J. Hovde. "Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Survival in Ovine or Bovine Manure and Manure Slurry." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1998): 3166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.9.3166-3174.1998.

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ABSTRACT Farm animal manure or manure slurry may disseminate, transmit, or propagate Escherichia coli O157:H7. In this study, the survival and growth of E. coli O157:H7 in ovine or bovine feces under various experimental and environmental conditions were determined. A manure pile collected from experimentally inoculated sheep was incubated outside under fluctuating environmental conditions.E. coli O157:H7 survived in the manure for 21 months, and the concentrations of bacteria recovered ranged from <102 to 106 CFU/g at different times over the course of the experiment. The DNA fingerprints of E. coli O157:H7 isolated at month 1 and month 12 were identical or very similar. A second E. coli O157:H7-positive ovine manure pile, which was periodically aerated by mixing, remained culture positive for 4 months. An E. coliO157:H7-positive bovine manure pile was culture positive for 47 days. In the laboratory, E. coli O157:H7 was inoculated into feces, untreated slurry, or treated slurry and incubated at −20, 4, 23, 37, 45, and 70°C. E. coliO157:H7 survived best in manure incubated without aeration at temperatures below 23°C, but it usually survived for shorter periods of time than it survived in manure held in the environment. The bacterium survived at least 100 days in bovine manure frozen at −20°C or in ovine manure incubated at 4 or 10°C for 100 days, but under all other conditions the length of time that it survived ranged from 24 h to 40 days. In addition, we found that the Shiga toxin type 1 and 2 genes in E. coli O157:H7 had little or no influence on bacterial survival in manure or manure slurry. The long-term survival of E. coli O157:H7 in manure emphasizes the need for appropriate farm waste management to curtail environmental spread of this bacterium. This study also highlights the difficulties in extrapolating laboratory data to on-farm conditions.

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Souza, Leandro de Pádua, Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares, Geovani Soares de Lima, Reginaldo Gomes Nobre, Hans Raj Gheyi, and Anderson Bruno Anacleto de Andrade. "Fitomassa e produção de algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady cultivado com águas salinas e doses de esterco bovino." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 11, no. 4 (December 26, 2016): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v11i4.5277.

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A produção de algodoeiro de fibra naturalmente colorido, na região semiárida do nordeste brasileiro, onde as águas nem sempre são de boa qualidade, está na dependência do uso de técnicas que viabilizem o manejo do solo e da água com teor elevado de sais. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se avaliar fitomassa e produção do algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady submetido a níveis crescentes de salinidade da água de irrigação e doses de esterco bovino. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido em um Neossolo Regolítico Eutrófico de textura franco-arenosa no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Usou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos compostos de quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água (CEa) (1,7; 3,4; 5,1 e 6,8 dS m-1) e quatro doses de esterco bovino (0; 2,5; 3,5 e 4,5% em base do volume do solo). Níveis crescentes de salinidade da água de irrigação com CEa superior a 1,7 dS m-1 reduziu a formação de fitomassa seca de folha, entretanto o aumento nas doses de esterco bovino promoveu acréscimos nesta variável. A adubação com esterco bovino promove incremento na produção de número de sementes totais e massa de cem sementes. Houve interação entre os fatores níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação e doses de esterco bovino para fitomassa seca e caule e raiz do algodoeiro cv. ‘BRS Jady’.<pre>Fitomassa and cotton production cv. BRS Jady cultivated with salt waters and esterco bovine doses</pre><pre> </pre><pre>Abstract: The production of naturally colored fiber cotton in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, where water is not always of good quality, is dependent on the use of techniques that make it possible to manage soil and water with high salt content. In view of the above, the objective was to evaluate phytomass and cotton production cv. BRS Jady subjected to increasing levels of salinity of irrigation water and doses of bovine manure. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in a sandy-texture Eutrophic Regeneration Neosol in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba. A randomized complete block design was used in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications, and the treatments were composed of four levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw, 1.7, 3.4, 5.1 and 6.8 dS m-1) and four doses of bovine manure (0; 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5% on a soil bulk basis). Increasing levels of salinity of irrigation water with ECa greater than 1.7 dS m-1 reduced the formation of dry leaf biomass, however, the increase in the doses of bovine manure promoted increases in this variable. Fertilization with bovine manure promotes an increase in the production of total number of seeds and mass of one hundred seeds. There was interaction between the factors levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water and doses of cattle manure for dry phytomass and stem and root of cotton cv. 'BRS Jady'.</pre>

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D. R. Raman and R. R. Gerhardt. "AN INSECT-BASED DETECTOR OF BOVINE MANURE ODORS." Transactions of the ASAE 40, no. 6 (1997): 1699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21415.

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Monteith, H. D., E. E. Shannon, and J. B. Derbyshire. "The inactivation of a bovine enterovirus and a bovine parvovirus in cattle manure by anaerobic digestion, heat treatment, gamma irradiation, ensilage and composting." Journal of Hygiene 97, no. 1 (August 1986): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400064457.

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SUMMARYA bovine enterovirus and a bovine parvovirus seeded into liquid cattle manure were rapidly inactivated by anaerobic digestion under thermophilic conditions (55°C), but the same viruses survived for up to 13 and 8 days respectively under mesophilic conditions (35°C). The enterovirus was inactivated in digested liquid manure heated to 70°C for 30 min, but the parvovirus was not inactivated by this treatment. The enterovirus, seeded into single cell protein (the solids recovered by centrifugation of digested liquid manure), was inactivated by a gamma irradiation dose of 1·0 Mrad, but the parvovirus survived this dose. When single cell protein seeded with bovine enterovirus or bovine parvovirus was ensiled with cracked corn, the enterovirus was inactivated after a period of 30 days, while the parvovirus survived for 30 days in one of two experiments. Neither the enterovirus nor the parvovirus survived composting for 28 days in a thermophilic aerobic environment when seeded into the solid fraction of cattle manure. It was concluded that, of the procedures tested, only anaerobic digestion under thermophilic conditions appeared to be a reliable method of viral inactivation to ensure the safety of single cell protein for refeeding to livestock. Composting appeared to be a suitable method for the disinfection of manure for use as a soil conditioner.

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Valente, Beatriz Simões, and Eduardo Gonçalves Xavier. "Produção de farinha de minhoca da espécie Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) como ferramenta na gestão de estercos." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117019222.

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A trial was conducted to evaluate the production of earthworm meal from Eisenia fetida as a tool for the management of manure. A completely randomized design was used. The treatments were: 100% bovine manure (T1), 100% equine manure (T2) and 100% capybara manure (T3). Each treatment had five replications. A total of 50 adult and containing clitellum earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were inoculated in each experimental unity. The following analyses were performed: total nitrogen, crude protein, total phosphorus, potassium and total calcium. The results showed that the production of earthworm meal is an important tool for the management of different manure and it does not present any limitation of environmental nature. The substrates bovine manure, equine manure and capybara manure result in an earthworm meal containing a high content of crude protein. The proteic and mineral composition of earthworm meal are dependent on the quality and form of storage of the manure. The proper planning of the animal production system must contemplate an adequate place for the storage of the manure in order to maintain the quality of the substrate provided to the earthworms.

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Millner, Patricia, David Ingram, Walter Mulbry, and Osman A. Arikan. "Pathogen reduction in minimally managed composting of bovine manure." Waste Management 34, no. 11 (November 2014): 1992–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.07.021.

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Mason, I. G., M. S. Mollah, Ming Feng Zhong, and G. J. Manderson. "Composting High Moisture Content Bovine Manure Using Passive Aeration." Compost Science & Utilization 12, no. 3 (June 2004): 249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1065657x.2004.10702190.

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Inglis, G. Douglas, Tim A. McAllister, Francis J. Larney, and Edward Topp. "Prolonged Survival of Campylobacter Species in Bovine Manure Compost." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 4 (December 18, 2009): 1110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01902-09.

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ABSTRACT The persistence of naturally occurring campylobacteria in aerobic compost constructed of manure from beef cattle that were administered chlortetracycline and sulfamethazine (AS700) or from cattle not administered antibiotics (control) was examined. Although there were no differences in population sizes of heterotrophic bacteria, the temperature of AS700 compost was more variable and did not become as high as that of control compost. There were significant differences in water content, total carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), and electrical conductivity but not in the C/N ratio or pH between the two compost treatments. Campylobacteria were readily isolated from pen manure, for up to day 15 from control compost, and throughout the active phase of AS700 compost. Campylobacter DNA (including Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, and Campylobacter jejuni) was detected over the ca. 10-month composting period, and no reductions in quantities of C. jejuni DNA were observed over the duration of the active phase. The utilization of centrifugation in combination with ethidium monoazide (EMA) significantly reduced (>90%) the amplification of C. jejuni DNA that did not originate from cells with intact cell membranes. No differences were observed in the frequency of Campylobacter DNA detection between EMA- and non-EMA-treated samples, suggesting that Campylobacter DNA amplified from compost was extracted from cells with intact cell membranes (i.e., from viable cells). The findings of this study indicate that campylobacteria excreted in cattle feces persist for long periods in compost and call into question the common belief that these bacteria do not persist in manure.

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Mendonça, Diego de Andrade, Daniel Oliveira Reis, Josias Gomes Junior, and Juliano Ricardo Fabricante. "Bovine manure as a dispersing agent for weeds and invasive alien plants." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 8 (July 5, 2021): e9410816833. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i8.16833.

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Fertilization is the act of adding fertilizers to the soil in order to provide essential nutrients for the development of cultivated plants. However, the use of bovine manure can act as a source of weed propagules, including non-native species. Due to the importance and lack of research on the topic, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the seed bank present in bovine manure used by farmers in the municipality of Itabaiana, SE. For that, samples of bovine manure were collected in 10 rural properties in the municipality of Itabaiana, SE. The evaluation of the seed bank was carried out by accounting for emerged seedlings. Usual phytosociological indices were calculated for each species. Altogether 35 species were sampled, of which 28 native and seven non-native. The native species with the highest importance value was Euphorbia hirta, as it has the highest density (AD = 1122 ind.m-²) and is present in 28 sample units. The non-native species with the highest importance value was Eleusine indica, because it has the third highest density (AD = 171.2 m²) and is present in 21 sample units. The obtained results reveal that bovine manure has a high number of weed, which is quite worrying, as they are species that generate important environmental and economic impacts.

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BERRY, ELAINE D., PATRICIA D. MILLNER, JAMES E. WELLS, NORASAK KALCHAYANAND, and MICHAEL N. GUERINI. "Fate of Naturally Occurring Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Zoonotic Pathogens during Minimally Managed Bovine Feedlot Manure Composting Processes†." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 1308–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-364.

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Reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in livestock manures before application to cropland is critical for reducing the risk of foodborne illness associated with produce. Our objective was to determine the fate of naturally occurring E. coli O157:H7 and other pathogens during minimally managed on-farm bovine manure composting processes. Feedlot pen samples were screened to identify E. coli O157:H7–positive manure. Using this manure, four piles of each of three different composting formats were constructed in each of two replicate trials. Composting formats were (i) turned piles of manure plus hay and straw, (ii) static stockpiles of manure, and (iii) static piles of covered manure plus hay and straw. Temperatures in the tops, toes, and centers of the conical piles (ca. 6.0 m3 each) were monitored. Compost piles that were turned every 2 weeks achieved higher temperatures for longer periods in the tops and centers than did piles that were left static. E. coli O157:H7 was not recovered from top samples of turned piles of manure plus hay and straw at day 28 and beyond, but top samples from static piles were positive for the pathogen up to day 42 (static manure stockpiles) and day 56 (static covered piles of manure plus hay and straw). Salmonella, Campylobacter spp., and Listeria monocytogenes were not found in top or toe samples at the end of the composting period, but E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria spp. were recovered from toe samples at day 84. Our findings indicate that some minimally managed composting processes can reduce E. coli O157:H7 and other pathogens in bovine manure but may be affected by season and/or initial levels of indigenous thermophilic bacteria. Our results also highlight the importance of adequate C:N formulation of initial mixtures for the production of high temperatures and rapid composting, and the need for periodic turning of the piles to increase the likelihood that all parts of the mass are subjected to high temperatures.

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Medeiros, Leonardo Oliveira Santos, Maria Teresa Cristina Coelho Do Nascimento, Joelma Sales dos Dos Santos, Ilza Maria do Nascimento Brasileiro, and Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo. "Desenvolvimento do capim vetiver cultivado em diferentes ambientes e adubado com esterco bovino." Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB 1, no. 50 (July 17, 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-03062015v1n50p130-138.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) cultivated in PVC columns and fertilized with bovine manure levels under different ambient conditions. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, with three replications, in a factorial scheme 5 x 2 being five levels of bovine manure (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) and two types of environments (free and protected environment with 80% opening shade), totalizing 30 experimental units. Evaluations were carried out regarding plant height and number of shoots to 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT). At 60 DAT at the end of the experiment, the plants were separated to determine the root length and the production of green and dry mass of the aerial part and the root. The results obtained showed that the absence of bovine manure contributed to the greater development of the root system of vetiver grass plants. The 10% level of bovine manure provided a greater number of sprouts and increase in the green mass of the aerial part and green dry mass of the root. The free environment provided the greatest development of vetiver grass plants.

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Gomes, Camile Dutra Lourenço, Jolinda Mércia de Sá, Erllan Tavares Costa Leitão, Marilia Hortência Batista Silva Rodrigues, Valeria Fernandes de Oliveira Sousa, Raul Amador Pinheiro de Melo, Reginaldo Gomes Nobre, et al. "Production of Seedlings of Yellow Passion Fruit Plant in Different Substrates and Saline Levels." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 9 (August 13, 2018): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n9p244.

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In the process of production of seedlings the formulation of substrates that supply the nutritional needs and make available appropriate humidity tenor is relevant for the success and the reduction of costs of the producing with other inputs. In this perspective, it is known that alternative substrates are rich in organic matter, which possesses extenuating action for the harmful effect of the salinity. Therefore, it was aimed at to evaluate the effect of saline waters and formulations of substrates in the production of seedlings of yellow passion fruit plant. Experiment was driven in atmosphere protected in the dependences of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Paraíba. The randomized block design was used in factorial outline 5 × 5, being five levels of salinity of the irrigation water (0.3; 1.3; 2.3; 3.3 and 4.3 dS m-1) and five substrates: S1 = soil; S2 = soil, goat manure and bovine manure (1:1:1); S3 = soil and goat manure (3:1); S4 = soil and bovine manure (3:1); S5 = soil, goat manure and bovine manure (3:0.5:0.5). To the 52 days after the sowing the growth analyses and quality of the seedlings were checked. The growth of the passion fruit plant seedlings was inhibited by the salinity in the irrigation water. However, the use of organic inputs in the formulation of the substratum lessens the harmful effect of the saline stress, being the best substratum, soil and bovid manure in the proportion 3:1.

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Silva, Ana Veruska Cruz da, Adrielle Naiana Ribeiro Soares, Milena Nascimento Cardoso, Marília Freitas de Vasconcelos Melo, Evandro Neves Muniz, and Ana Da Silva Ledo. "Evaluation of Substrates for Jenipapo (Genipa americana L.) Seedlings Production." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 2 (January 12, 2018): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n2p352.

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Jenipapo (Genipa americana L. Rubiaceae) is a native species not endemic to Brazil and found in several biomes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the emergence and growth of seedlings cultivated in different substrates. Treatments were made of: T1 (fertilized soil), T2 (fertilized soil + coconut fiber), T3 (fertilized soil + sand), T4 (sand + coconut fiber), T5 (bovine manure + coconut fiber), and T6 (bovine manure + sand). The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design, with six treatments (substrates) and four replications of 25 seeds. The following variables were evaluated: first emergence count, percentage of emergence, emergence speed index, seedling height, root length, stem diameter, number of leaves, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf area, root dry matter, and shoot dry matter. The substrates T1 (fertilized soil), T2 (fertilized soil + coconut fiber), T3 (fertilized soil + sand) and T6 (bovine manure + sand) were more efficient for jenipapo seedlings production.

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Da Silva Gomes, Jonath Werissimo, Nildo Da Silva Dias, Maria Alejandra Moreno Pizani, Kariolania Fortunato de Paiva, Josinaldo Lopes Araujo Rocha, Erbia Bressia Gonçalves Araújo, and Cleyton Dos Santos Fernandes. "Growth and mineral composition of the melon with different doses of phosphorus and organic matter." DYNA 86, no. 211 (October 1, 2019): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n211.69776.

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It was aimed to evaluate the effect of doses of phosphorus and different doses of bovine manure on growth of melon Galia. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse utilizing pots filled with soil Chromic Luvissoil in design completely randomized with a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, comprising five doses of bovine manure (0, 12, 16, 20, 24 t ha-1) and two doses of phosphorus (0 and 400 mg dm-3), with three replicates, totaling 30 experimental units. The results indicated that interaction of phosphorus with organic matter was significant effect on total dry mass of the melon plant. There was a reduction of the total dry mass when the plants were fertilized at the highest doses of bovine manure. The P content from leaf and stem increased gradually at higher doses of phosphorus. The phosphorus content in the soil increased according to the doses of organic material available.

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Ana, Heloisa Maia, Euzebio de Souza Manoel, Cavalcanti da Silva Flaviana, Ferraz Rebelatto Bianca, Oliveira Silva Theylor, Santos Souza Victoria, and dos Santos Ferreira Laura. "Productivity of radish fertilized with different doses of bovine manure." African Journal of Agricultural Research 13, no. 18 (May 3, 2018): 963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.13140.

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Gil, M. V., M. T. Carballo, and L. F. Calvo. "Modelling N mineralization from bovine manure and sewage sludge composts." Bioresource Technology 102, no. 2 (January 2011): 863–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.010.

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Wang, Huili, Yanyan Li, Yujie Lu, Changjiang Huang, Minghua Zhang, and Xuedong Wang. "Influence of bovine manure on dissipation of hexazinone in soil." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 72, no. 1 (January 2009): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.01.026.

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Chagas, Jaíza F. R., Sheila A. da Paz, Matheus V. A. Ventura, Estevam M. Costa, Roberto K. Mortate, Bruno de M. Nunes, Alessandra P. A. Lima, et al. "Propagation and Vegetative Development of Portulaca oleracea Linn. in Different Substrates." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 7 (May 31, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n7p22.

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UFP’s are unconventional food plants, which can be included in food and feed, but underutilized because they are few known and/or researched. Portulaca oleracea Linn, known as a wigworm, is considered a weed due to its easy spread in different places, has potential to be included in the diet of people, so that they can take advantage of its medicinal, nutritional and landscape benefits. In view of the above, the objective of this research was to evaluate the vegetative development of the bollworm cultivated in different substrates to obtain a better production of green mass besides adding higher medicinal and/or nutritional contents. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 6 treatments: 1-Barranco soil (Witness), 2-Soil + Bovine manure, 3-Soil + Commercial substrate, 4-Soil + Charred rice straw, 5-Soil + Bovine manure + Charred rice straw, 6-Soil + Bovine manure + Commercial substrate and 5 replicates. The seed germination rate was evaluated at five, ten and 15 days after sowing (DAS). At 70 DAS the total fresh mass of the plants and total dry mass in grams, plant height, main root length and number of leaves were evaluated. The substrate composed of ravine soil + bovine manure + charcoal rice straw provided the best indices of development of the bollworm plant. The combination of three components for the formation of a substrate favored fresh and dry biomass.

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Cardoso, Marinice Oliveira, Walter Esfrain Pereira, Ademar Pereira de Oliveira, and Adailson Pereira de Souza. "Eggplant growth as affected by bovine manure and magnesium thermophosphate rates." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 1 (February 2008): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000100011.

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Plant growth is influenced by nutrient availability. The objective of this research was to study, under greenhouse conditions, eggplant growth as affected by rates of bovine manure and magnesium thermophosphate (g kg-1 and mg kg-1, respectively), according to a "Box central composite" matrix: 4.15-259; 4.15-1509; 24.15-259; 24.15-1509; 0.0-884; 28.3-884; 14.15-0,0; 14.15-1768; 14.15-884. Potassium sulfate (170 mg kg-1) and 200 mL per pot of cow urine solution were applied four times, but the concentration of the last two applications (200 mL/H2O L) was twice of that of the first two. Additional treatments: magnesium thermophosphate without cow urine and triple superphosphate with urea, both with nutrient levels equivalent to the bovine manure, P2O5 and potassium sulfate to the combination 14.15-884. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four replicates. Leaf area (LA) and LA ratio increased as quadratic functions with manure rates, with negative interaction for thermophosphate. Leaf dry matter mass (DMM) had an increasing quadratic function with rates for both fertilizers. The higher combined rates of both fertilizers resulted in the smallest specific leaf area, but also the highest values of shoot and root DMM, total DMM and, with positive interaction in relation to root shoot dry matter ratio. The relative growth rate in stem height, and also in diameter, increased with manure, according to quadratic and linear functions, respectively. The cow urine effect was, in general, lower than that of urea. The plant's overall growth was more influenced by manure. Root DMM and shoot DMM were greater with high K and P.

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Amaral, Genilda Canuto, Yara Karolynne Lopes Abreu, Mariana Duarte Silva Fonseca, Luciana De Souza Lorenzoni Paschoa, Elbya Leão Gibson, and José Eduardo Macedo Pezzopane. "Organic substrates and their effects on the emergence and initial growth of Tamarindus indica seedlings." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 11, no. 7 (August 10, 2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2020.007.0008.

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The reuse of organic waste and destination as alternative substrates becomes an important strategy for the production of economically viable and ecologically sustainable forest seedlings. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of different substrates and compositions (proportions) on the emergence and initial growth of Tamarindus indica seedlings. For this, nine different substrates were formulated: bovine manure (EB), buriti paú (PB) and carnauba residue (RC) in the proportions of 75%, 50% and 25% complemented with washed sand and an additional treatment only with washed sand, considered as control. T. indica seeds were sown and conducted for 50 days. The following were evaluated: emergency speed index; mean emergence time, height of the shoot, diameter of the stem, number of leaves, length of the root system, dry mass of the shoot, dry mass of the root system, total dry mass and Dickson's quality index. For the variables of emergence of tamarind seeds, treatments with bovine manure and 25% buriti paú more efficient. In the growth of the seedlings, the best results of diameter, number of leaves, production of dry mass of the root system, aerial part or total part of the seedlings, in addition to Dickson's quality index were found in the proportion of 50% of bovine manure, followed by buriti paú. These results indicate that the substrates bovine manure and paú de buriti in the proportion 50% are the most suitable for the preparation of substrate for the production of T. indica seedlings.

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You, Youwen, Shelley C. Rankin, Helen W. Aceto, Charles E. Benson, John D. Toth, and Zhengxia Dou. "Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in Manure and Manure-Amended Soils." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 9 (September 2006): 5777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00791-06.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Newport has undergone a rapid epidemic spread in dairy cattle. This provides an efficient mechanism for pathogen amplification and dissemination into the environment through manure spreading on agricultural land. The objective of this study was to determine the survival characteristics of Salmonella serovar Newport in manure and manure-amended soils where the pathogen may be amplified. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serovar Newport strain and a drug-susceptible (DS) strain, both bovine isolates, were inoculated into dairy manure that was incubated under constant temperature and moisture conditions alone or after being mixed with sterilized or nonsterilized soil. Salmonella serovar Newport concentrations increased by up to 400% in the first 1 to 3 days following inoculation, and a trend of steady decline followed. With manure treatment, a sharp decline in cell concentration occurred after day 35, possibly due to microbial antagonism. For all treatments, decreases in Salmonella serovar Newport concentrations over time fit a first-order kinetic model. Log reduction time was 14 to 32 days for 1 log10, 28 to 64 days for 2 log10, and 42 to 96 days for 3 log10 declines in the organisms' populations from initially inoculated concentrations. Most-probable-number monitoring data indicated that the organisms persisted for 184, 332, and 405 days in manure, manure-amended nonsterilized soil, and manure-amended sterilized soil, respectively. The MDR strain and the DS strain had similar survival patterns.

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RODRIGUES, RUMMENIGGE DE MACÊDO, LOURIVAL FERREIRA CAVALCANTE, ANTÔNIO GUSTAVO DE LUNA SOUTO, HANS RAJ GHEYI, and FRANSCISCO DE OLIVEIRA MESQUITA. "GROWTH AND REGROWTH OF NEEM AFTER CUTTING IN SALINE - SODIC SOIL TREATED WITH ORGANIC INPUTS." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 1 (March 2017): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n113rc.

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ABSTRACT Soil salinity and sodicity are global problems since both promote the physical, chemical and biological degradation of soil, jeopardising the productive capacity of agricultural fields. Inorganic correctives or organic inputs are applied as an attempt to reduce the problem, alongside the use of salt -tolerant plants. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of organic inputs on the growth of neem (Azadirachta indica) strains in saline-sodic soil after cutting. Treatments were arranged in a randomised block design, with four replicates in a 3 × 5 factorial. Organic inputs - bovine manure, common bovine biofertilizer (equal parts of water and fresh bovine manure) and chemically enriched biofertilizer (common biofertilizer components combined with plaster, sugarcane molasses and cow’s milk) - were applied only once, after soil washing, two days prior to seeding, at the levels of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% of the substrate volume. Except effects on the stem diameter, the most efficient input was bovine manure, with strong effects on the height increase and biomass yield of neem plants after cutting, especially in treatments at a level greater than 6%. The organic inputs, despite increasing the soil salinity and sodicity in the interval between washing and cutting, stimulated biometric growth and biomass formation in saline-sodic soil.

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Brito, Cleiton F. B., Sérgio L. R. Donato, Alessandro de M. Arantes, Paulo E. R. Donato, and João A. da Silva. "Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and organic fertilization." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 22, no. 5 (May 2018): 338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n5p338-343.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the photochemical efficiency of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and bovine manure doses in the semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a 4 x 3 x 7 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The first factor consisted of four doses of organic fertilization (0, 30, 60 and 90 Mg ha-1 year-1 of bovine manure), the second one, of three spacings (1.0 x 0.5, 2.0 x 0.25 and 3.0 x 1.0 x 0.25 m) and the third one of seven reading times (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 h). Chlorophyll a fluorescence readings were taken in cactus pear cladodes in the dry and rainy seasons using a pulse-modulated fluorometer. Cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and bovine manure doses undergo changes in photosystem II during the dry season under the physiographic conditions of the semi-arid region in Bahia. During the rainy season in the semi-arid region, the photosynthetic yield in cactus pear cladodes is considered ideal.

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Nunes, Járisson Cavalcante, Jandiê Araújo Da Silva, Marcelo Barbosa Gomes Neto, Jair Costa Bezerra, Juliete Araújo da Silva Nunes, Plínio Henrique Oliveira Gomide, Daniela Cavalcante dos Santos Campos, and Dayanne Beatriz Silva Rodrigues. "Effect of Combined Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Soil Attributes, Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)." Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, no. 4 (August 23, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i4.17217.

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The use of organic fertilizers in adequate doses is an alternative to reduce the use of inorganic inputs, improving the soil chemical attributes, and increasing the production and quality of sweet potato. In this perspective, the objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the effects of fertilization with poultry and bovine manure, Ribumin®, and of conventional fertilization on soil attributes, production, and quality of sweet potato; and (ii) to evaluate the residual effect of organic fertilization on the production components and quality of sweet potato, in the second crop cycle. The two experiments were developed in the 2018/2019 crop year at the Agrotechnical School of the Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Brazil. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications, using a (2 × 5 × 2) + 1 factorial arrangement referring to two manure sources (bovine and poultry manure) and five doses, aiming at increasing the content of soil organic matter (1.35%) to 2.35; 3.35; 4.35, and 5.35%, in the absence and presence of Ribumin®, and an additional treatment referring to organomineral fertilization. For the evaluation of the second cycle, the residual effect of the manure was evaluated by applying only Ribumin® and conventional fertilizers. In the first cycle, the addition of 50.4 t ha-1 of bovine manure without Ribumin® provided the highest values of total (14.7 t ha-1) and marketable yield (14.6 t ha-1). However, the addition of poultry manure associated with the application of Ribumin® provided no increments in the sweet potato production components. Under the same experimental conditions, chemical fertilization can be replaced by fertilization with organic sources.

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Guber, Andrey K., Yakov A. Pachepsky, Daniel R. Shelton, and Olivia Yu. "Effect of Bovine Manure on Fecal Coliform Attachment to Soil and Soil Particles of Different Sizes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 10 (March 16, 2007): 3363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02434-06.

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ABSTRACT Manure-borne bacteria can be transported in runoff as free cells, cells attached to soil particles, and cells attached to manure particles. The objectives of this work were to compare the attachment of fecal coliforms (FC) to different soils and soil fractions and to assess the effect of bovine manure on FC attachment to soil and soil fractions. Three sand fractions of different sizes, the silt fraction, and the clay fraction of loam and sandy clay loam soils were separated and used along with soil samples in batch attachment experiments with water-FC suspensions and water-manure-FC suspensions. In the absence of manure colloids, bacterial attachment to soil, silt, and clay particles was much higher than the attachment to sand particles having no organic coating. The attachment to the coated sand particles was similar to the attachment to silt and clay. Manure colloids in suspensions decreased bacterial attachment to soils, clay and silt fractions, and coated sand fractions, but did not decrease the attachment to sand fractions without the coating. The low attachment of bacteria to silt and clay particles in the presence of manure colloids may cause predominantly free-cell transport of manure-borne FC in runoff.

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Lau, M. M., and S. C. Ingham. "Survival of faecal indicator bacteria in bovine manure incorporated into soil." Letters in Applied Microbiology 33, no. 2 (August 4, 2001): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00962.x.

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Zhao, Jiawei, Feng Gao, Yue Sun, Wanyi Fang, Xiaohan Li, and Yingjie Dai. "New use for biochar derived from bovine manure for tetracycline removal." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 4 (August 2021): 105585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105585.

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Dias, Eric Mateus Soares, Leandro De Oliveira Andrade, Hans Raj Gheyi, Nildo Da Silva Dias, and Reginaldo Gomes Nobre. "Teor de macronutrientes em girassol ornamental sob doses de esterco e efluente doméstico." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 12, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v12i3.4659.

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Os estercos são subprodutos da pecuária por vezes descartados, mesmo sendo potencialmente adubos orgânicos. A água residuária também é considerada outro subproduto de potencial para reuso na agricultura. Objetivou-se avaliar o teor de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em plantas de girassol ornamental (Helianthus annuus L., cv. Sol Noturno) adubadas com esterco bovino e irrigadas com efluente doméstico tratado. Os fatores estudados foram 2 tipos de água de irrigação (abastecimento e efluente doméstico) e 4 doses de esterco bovino (5, 10, 15 e 20%, com base em peso). Aos 60 dias depois do plantio (DAP), as plantas de girassol foram colhidas e fez-se a preparação das amostras de parte das plantas (raízes, caules, folhas e flor), as quais foram secadas em estufa com ventilação forçada a 62 °C, durante 72 horas e em seguida, realizou-se a determinação dos teores de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) em uma amostra composta de diferentes partes. O teor de N foi influenciado positivamente pelas doses de 10, 15 e 20% de esterco bovino, sem diferença entre elas e, embora não significativamente, a água residuária proporcionou os maiores teores em todos os macronutrientes avaliados.Macronutrients content in ornamental sunflower under bovine Manure and WastewaterAbstract: The manures are byproducts of cattle, sometimes discarded, even though potentially organic fertilizers. Similarly, the wastewater should be considered another potential byproduct of reuse in agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in ornamental sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L., cv. Sol Not urno) fertilized with cattle manure and irrigated with wastewater. The factors two types of water (supply and wastewater) and four levels of bovine manure (5, 10, 15 and 20%, based on weight of soil) were used. At 60 days after sowing (DAS), plants were harvested and divided into plant parts (roots, stems, leaves and flower), dried in an oven with forced ventilation, at 62 °C for 72 hours. The contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determinated in a composite sample of different parts. It was concluded that the N content was positively influenced by the doses of 10, 15 and 20% of cattle manure, with no difference between them and, although not significantly, the wastewater was the one that brought the highest levels in all macronutrients analyzed.

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DICKSON, JAMES S. "Susceptibility of Preevisceration Washed Beef Carcasses to Contamination by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonellae†." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 10 (October 1, 1995): 1065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.10.1065.

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Prerigor bovine cutaneous truncii muscle was subjected to a simulated preevisceration wash procedure 10 min after the hide was removed from the carcass. Five minutes after washing, the preevisceration washed tissue and unwashed control tissues were contaminated with a direct application of either fresh bovine manure or bovine manure which had been inoculated with five-strain mixtures of either Escherichia coli O157:H7 or salmonellae to simulate fecal contamination on a carcass. The manure which was inoculated with the bacteria had been previously irradiated to eliminate enterobacteriaceae. The contamination was allowed to adhere to the tissues for 10 min and then washed off with distilled water. Surface free energy of the preevisceration washed tissue was significantly lower than that of tissue which had not been subjected to preevisceration washing. Scanning electron micrographs of the tissue samples revealed plant material adhering to the surface of the control tissues, but not to the preevisceration washed tissues. Microbial populations of both total aerobic bacteria and enterobacteriaceae were approximately 0.7 log10 unit greater on the control tissue, in comparison to the preevisceration washed tissue. Preevisceration washing may be beneficial in reducing the susceptibility of animal carcasses to further contamination.

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Yu, Zhongtang, Frederick C. Michel, Glenn Hansen, Thomas Wittum, and Mark Morrison. "Development and Application of Real-Time PCR Assays for Quantification of Genes Encoding Tetracycline Resistance." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 11 (November 2005): 6926–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.11.6926-6933.2005.

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ABSTRACT We report here the development, validation, and use of three real-time PCR assays to quantify the abundance of the following three groups of tetracycline resistance genes: tet(A) and tet(C); tet(G); and tet genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins, including tet(M), tet(O), tetB(P), tet(Q), tet(S), tet(T), and tet(W). The assays were validated using known numbers of sample-derived tet gene templates added to microbiome DNA. These assays are both precise and accurate over at least 6 log tet gene copies. New tet gene variants were also identified from cloned tet amplicons as part of this study. The utility of these real-time PCR assays was demonstrated by quantifying the three tet gene groups present in bovine and swine manures, composts of swine manure, lagoons of hog house effluent, and samples from an Ekokan upflow biofilter system treating hog house effluent. The bovine manures were found to contain fewer copies of all three groups of tet genes than the swine manures. The composts of swine manures had substantially reduced tet gene abundance (up to 6 log), while lagoon storage or the upflow biofilter had little effect on tet gene abundance. These results suggest that the method of manure storage and treatment may have a substantial impact on the persistence and dissemination of tet genes in agricultural environments. These real-time PCR assays provide rapid, quantitative, cultivation-independent measurements of 10 major classes of tet genes, which should be useful for ecological studies of antibiotic resistance.

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Ingham, Steven C., Jill A. Losinski, Matthew P. Andrews, Jane E. Breuer, Jeffry R. Breuer, Timothy M. Wood, and Thomas H. Wright. "Escherichia coli Contamination of Vegetables Grown in Soils Fertilized with Noncomposted Bovine Manure: Garden-Scale Studies." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 11 (November 2004): 6420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.11.6420-6427.2004.

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ABSTRACT In this study we tested the validity of the National Organic Program (NOP) requirement for a ≥120-day interval between application of noncomposted manure and harvesting of vegetables grown in manure-fertilized soil. Noncomposted bovine manure was applied to 9.3-m2 plots at three Wisconsin sites (loamy sand, silt loam, and silty clay loam) prior to spring and summer planting of carrots, radishes, and lettuce. Soil and washed (30 s under running tap water) vegetables were analyzed for indigenous Escherichia coli. Within 90 days, the level of E. coli in manure-fertilized soil generally decreased by about 3 log CFU/g from initial levels of 4.2 to 4.4 log CFU/g. Low levels of E. coli generally persisted in manure-fertilized soil for more than 100 days and were detected in enriched soil from all three sites 132 to 168 days after manure application. For carrots and lettuce, at least one enrichment-negative sample was obtained ≤100 days after manure application for 63 and 88% of the treatments, respectively. The current ≥120-day limit provided an even greater likelihood of not detecting E. coli on carrots (≥1 enrichment-negative result for 100% of the treatments). The rapid maturation of radishes prevented conclusive evaluation of a 100- or 120-day application-to-harvest interval. The absolute absence of E. coli from vegetables harvested from manure-fertilized Wisconsin soils may not be ensured solely by adherence to the NOP ≥120-day limit. Unless pathogens are far better at colonizing vegetables than indigenous E. coli strains are, it appears that the risk of contamination for vegetables grown in Wisconsin soils would be elevated only slightly by reducing the NOP requirement to ≥100 days.

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Santos, Sara Beatriz da Costa, Solange de Sousa, Vênia Camelo de Souza, George Rodrigo Beltrão da Cruz, Thiago de Sousa Melo, Ivan Sérgio da Silva Oliveira, Josinaldo da Silva Henrique, Aline Cavalcanti Dantas, and Kênia Lira de Souza. "Effects of organic fertilization on production and postharvest quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (August 17, 2020): e266996912. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.6912.

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This work compares the productivity and postharvest quality of C. sativum produced in organic and conventional systems. We used a randomized block experiment with five treatments and six repetitions each. Treatments comprised a negative control (C-: without fertilization), three doses of bovine manure as organic fertilization (35, 70, and 105 kg of N ha -1, named T35, T70, and T105 respectively), and a positive control (C+: 70 Kg of N ha -1 of conventional fertilization). We evaluated the morphometry, productivity, and physical-chemical characteristics of all plants used. The effect of organic fertilizer doses was analyzed using polynomial regressions. The differences among negative control, the positive control, and the organic fertilization with 70 Kg of N ha -1 of manure were tested with orthogonal contrasts. The doses of N used in organic fertilization influence the water and protein activity of C. Sativum leaves, promoting their decrease. The contrasts influenced the productivity, total fresh weight, fresh weight of the aerial part, dry weight of the aerial part, dry weight of the root, the total dry weight, water activity, titratable acidity, soluble solids, carotenoids, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll b, C. sativum was influenced by comparisons. The conventional production system using ammonium sulfate as the source of nitrogen promoted higher productivity and better postharvest quality in the culture of C. sativum. The period of implementation of bovine manure hampered the organic system. We suggest the fertilization with bovine manure before sowing, providing the necessary time for its mineralization during the cultivation cycle.

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Chen, Jing, Zhongtang Yu, Frederick C. Michel, Thomas Wittum, and Mark Morrison. "Development and Application of Real-Time PCR Assays for Quantification of erm Genes Conferring Resistance to Macrolides-Lincosamides-Streptogramin B in Livestock Manure and Manure Management Systems." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 14 (May 11, 2007): 4407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02799-06.

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ABSTRACT Erythromycin and tylosin are commonly used in animal production, and such use is perceived to contribute to the overall antimicrobial resistance (AR) reservoirs. Quantitative measurements of this type of AR reservoir in microbial communities are required to understand AR ecology (e.g., emergence, persistence, and dissemination). We report here the development, validation, and use of six real-time PCR assays for quantifying six classes of erm genes (classes A through C, F, T, and X) that encode the major mechanism of resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B (MLSB). These real-time PCR assays were validated and used in quantifying the six erm classes in five types of samples, including those from bovine manure, swine manure, compost of swine manure, swine waste lagoons, and an Ekokan upflow biofilter system treating hog house effluents. The bovine manure samples were found to contain much smaller reservoirs of each of the six erm classes than the swine manure samples. Compared to the swine manure samples, the composted swine manure samples had substantially reduced erm gene abundances (by up to 7.3 logs), whereas the lagoon or the biofilter samples had similar erm gene abundances. These preliminary results suggest that the methods of manure storage and treatment probably have a substantial impact on the persistence and decline of MLSB resistance originating from food animals, thus likely affecting the dissemination of such resistance genes into the environment. The abundances of these erm genes appeared to be positively correlated with those of the tet genes determined previously among these samples. These real-time PCR assays provide a rapid, quantitative, and cultivation-independent measurement of six major classes of erm genes, which should be useful for ecological studies of AR.

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Velazquez, Luis F., Shashi Rajbanshi, Shaohua Guan, Maud Hinchee, and Allana Welsh. "Paenibacillus ottowii sp. nov. isolated from a fermentation system processing bovine manure." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.003672.

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Strain MS2379T was isolated from a pasteurized solution sample from a predominantly anaerobic fermentation system processing bovine manure in Pilot Point, Texas. Phylogenetic analyses based on both 16S rRNA gene and rpoB gene sequences showed that MS2379T was most closely related to Paenibacillus polymyxa (DSM 36T), P. jamilae (DSM 13815T), and P. peoriae (DSM 8320T), yet DNA–DNA relatedness through DNA–DNA hybridization revealed only 22.6, 32.0 and 24.7 % relatedness to these three species respectively. Rod-shaped cells of strain MS2379T are Gram-stain variable with sub-terminal, ellipsoidal, deforming endospores. The peptidoglycan contains meso-diaminopimelic acid (mDAP) and the predominant fatty acids are anteiso-C15 : 0 (61.9 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (11.6 %), confirming that strain MS2379T has diagnostic features of other Paenibacillus species. The G+C content of MS2379T is 45.9 mol%. Fermentation of glucose yields acid and gas end-products. The polar lipids found were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and glycolipids, but also included some unidentified lipids, aminolipids, aminoglycolipid, and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine. The growth range of MS2379T was observed from 10–45 °C with optimal growth temperature at 30 °C. Growth was observed between pH 6–10 and up to 3 % NaCl. Unlike the most closely related Paenibacillus species, strain MS2379T was negative in the Voges-Proskauer reaction. Nucleic acid, chemotaxonomic and biochemical features support the distinctiveness of strain MS2379T. Thus, strain MS2379T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus for which the name Paenibacillus ottowii sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain MS2379T (=DSM 107750T=ATCC TSD-165T).

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Gupta, Prabhat K., Arvind K. Jha, S. Koul, P. Sharma, V. Pradhan, Vandana Gupta, C. Sharma, and Nahar Singh. "Methane and nitrous oxide emission from bovine manure management practices in India." Environmental Pollution 146, no. 1 (March 2007): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.04.039.

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Natvig, Erin E., Steven C. Ingham, Barbara H. Ingham, Leslie R. Cooperband, and Teryl R. Roper. "Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli Contamination of Root and Leaf Vegetables Grown in Soils with Incorporated Bovine Manure." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 6 (June 2002): 2737–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.6.2737-2744.2002.

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ABSTRACT Bovine manure, with or without added Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (three strains), was incorporated into silty clay loam (SCL) and loamy sand (LS) soil beds (53- by 114-cm surface area, 17.5 cm deep) and maintained in two controlled-environment chambers. The S. enterica serovar Typhimurium inoculum was 4 to 5 log CFU/g in manure-fertilized soil. The conditions in the two environmental chambers, each containing inoculated and uninoculated beds of manure-fertilized soil, simulated daily average Madison, Wis., weather conditions (hourly temperatures, rainfall, daylight, and humidity) for a 1 March or a 1 June manure application and subsequent vegetable growing seasons ending 9 August or 28 September, respectively. Core soil samples were taken biweekly from both inoculated and uninoculated soil beds in each chamber. Radishes, arugula, and carrots were planted in soil beds, thinned, and harvested. Soils, thinned vegetables, and harvested vegetables were analyzed for S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli (indigenous in manure). After the 1 March manure application, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium was detected at low levels in both soils on 31 May, but not on vegetables planted 1 May and harvested 12 July from either soil. After the 1 June manure application, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium was detected in SCL soil on 7 September and on radishes and arugula planted in SCL soil on 15 August and harvested on 27 September. In LS soil, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium died at a similar rate (P ≥ 0.05) after the 1 June manure application and was less often detected on arugula and radishes harvested from this soil compared to the SCL soil. Pathogen levels on vegetables were decreased by washing. Manure application in cool (daily average maximum temperature of <10°C) spring conditions is recommended to ensure that harvested vegetables are not contaminated with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Manure application under warmer (daily average maximum temperature >20°C) summer conditions is not recommended when vegetable planting is done between the time of manure application and late summer. A late fall manure application will not increase the risk of contaminating vegetables planted the next spring, since further experiments showed that repeated freeze-thaw cycles were detrimental to the survival of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and E. coli in manure-fertilized soil. The number of indigenous E. coli in soil was never significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, suggesting its usefulness as an indicator organism for evaluating the risk of vegetable contamination with manure-borne S. enterica serovar Typhimurium.

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Moise, Virgil. "The Study of Manure Management in a Cattle Farm." Annals ”Valahia” University of Targoviste - Agriculture 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agr-2018-0002.

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Abstract The manure deposits in the farm must not affect the environment by directly polluting the surface waters. In the studied location there are two stables for a bovine herd - 245 heads of dairy cattle and 105 heads of young cattle, a desk, sanitary filter, milking parlor (two 60 liter boilers each, two showers, three sanitary groups), a haystack, platform for storing solid waste. The lagoons for storing the manure were made from a special waterproofing material. They store the manure well in a natural environment, comply with the EC rules in force, according to the Code of Good Agricultural Practices for water protection against nitrate pollution from agricultural sources. The distribution manure on the land is made by using methods that reduce as much as possible ammonium emissions; the fertilizer must be incorporated as quickly as possible to reduce emissions.

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Traoré, Désiré, Dayéri Dianou, and Alfred Traoré. "Biomethane Potential of Some Agroresources in Burkina Faso: Case Study of Vegetable Residues, Pig Manure, Mango Waste and Bovine Manure." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 15, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2017/36775.

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Rothmaier, R., A. Weidenmann, and K. Botzenhart. "Transport of escherichia coli through soil to groundwater traced by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 11-12 (June 1, 1997): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0758.

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Isolates (50) of E. coli obtained from liquid manure (20 bovine, 20 porcine) were genotyped using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Typing revealed 9 and 14 different strains in bovine and porcine liquid manure respectively with no strains in common. One porcine strain, showing a simple RAPD pattern, was subcultured and spread on a test field (1.5l/m2 at 1010 cfu/l) in a drinking water protection zone with loamy to sandy sediments in the Donauried area, Baden-Wurttemberg. Soil samples and groundwaters were collected at monthly intervals October 1994 – June 1995 during which 114 E. coli isolates were recovered. The first occurrence and maximum concentration of E. coli in soil samples taken from more than 20cm depth was in January 1995, declining rapidly with depth and time. All isolates from soil and only one from groundwater showed the RAPD pattern of the spread E. coli strain. The results could not demonstrate a severe negative impact of the spreading of liquid manure on the bacteriological quality of the groundwater in the given geological situation. The distinct strain patterns found in different kinds of liquid manure suggest that genotyping of E. coli by RAPD may be an adequate tool for tracing sources of faecal contamination.

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SILVA, NALÍGIA GOMES DE MIRANDA E., MÉRCIA VIRGINIA FERREIRA DOS SANTOS, JOSÉ CARLOS BATISTA DUBEUX JÚNIOR, MÁRCIO VIEIRA DA CUNHA, MÁRIO DE ANDRADE LIRA, and IVAN FERRAZ. "EFFECTS OF PLANTING DENSITYAND ORGANIC FERTILIZATION DOSES ON PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY OF CACTUS PEAR." Revista Caatinga 29, no. 4 (December 2016): 976–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n423rc.

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ABSTRACT Cactus is crucial for the livestock of semi-arid regions in Brazil. This plant has shown the high productivity of forage, which is influenced by several management factors. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization doses (20, 40 and 80 t/ ha of bovine manure/ha/two years) and planting densities (20, 40, 80 and 160 thousand plants/ha) on the productivity of cactus pear Clone IPA-20 (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill). At the Experimental Station of Caruaru at the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, IPA has conducted the experiment. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with split plot arrangements. Higher shoot productivity was observed with increased population density and the application of manure at 80 t ha-1 two years-1 with values of 61, 90, 117 and 139 t DM ha-1 two years-1 at densities of 20, 40, 80 and 160,000 plants ha-1. The planting density influenced the productivity of cladode-plant and root dry weight, showing exponential responses, with higher cladode-plant and roots weight by area observed with increased plant density. The efficiency of organic fertilization decreased with the increase in manure doses. For increase cactus productivity, 40 t of bovine manure ha-1 two years-1 for plantations with 160,000 plants/ha is recommended.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Manure bovine'

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