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1
Song, Eunkyung, Ranjit Philip, Sandeep Chilakala, Demetrio Macariola, and Gayatri Jaishankar. "Respiratory Infections - How Many Is Too Many?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8860.
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Hirvi, Beth Louise. "How many tears : [a novel]." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/544155.
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Set in a Finnish-American community in Upper Michigan, How Many Tears, a novel, represents the tears of pain, anger, and frustration that the protagonist, Ann T'oivonen, has shed merely because of the circumstances of her birth. It is a story of success, since she moves toward the ability to choose, toward some primitive level of autonomy, and it is a story that tries to represent the real problems of real people caught in an abusive, alcoholic world, a brutal world, where the characters find themselves neither by choice, nor by intention. Ann's struggle is made more difficult by her lack of education and support and her inability to define for herself what she wants from life. She moves from an abusive childhood to marrying an alcoholic whom she leaves only after her life has been physically threatened. Adrift in the world, she accepts charity from another man, who will be her second lover, but he too is an alcoholic, and she leaves him, finally in search of something for herself. How Many Tears is a story, not of Ann's struggle for enrichment--it is her struggle for survival.<br>Department of English
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Schöller, Anthea Sofie [Verfasser], and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Jäger. "How Many are many? Exploring Context-Dependence of few and many with Probabilistic Computational Models / Anthea Sofie Schöller ; Betreuer: Gerhard Jäger." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1199546437/34.
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Roth, Steffen. "How Many Networks Are We to Manage?" Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200700161.
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The continuous transformation of the industrial society into a service and knowledge society is accompanied by profound change of demand: Customer requests will increasingly focus on individual products, shorter delivery times and appropriate prices. To encounter these challenges under the conditions of dynamic global markets and inter-regional competition, the CRC 457 “Non-Hierarchical Regional Production-Networks” at the Chemnitz University of Technology focuses on SME and investigates ways to implement customer-oriented, temporary networking of smallest, autonomous units (“competence cells”) in the region of South-West-Saxony.
As a partial result of this research we are able to present a model of competence cell based networking distinguishing between three levels of networking, each with its own logic of reproduction (cp. Figure 1):
1) According to a most general concept, networks can be seen as given in any social context. Regarding a specific region, one has to assume that there is a broad array of infra-structural, mental and communicative relations; that as a whole we call the Regional Network. This level can be seen as basic level of competence cell based networking, specific elements (competence cells) of this network can be seen as necessary resources of the following level.
2) The second level of networking we call Competence Network. The first continuous problem of this network is to select competence cells according to relevant parameters that may be defined by customer orders or, in view of new market entry, be generated by the Competence Network itself. The second problem is to arrange these cells along a product specific value chain and, by this means, to create temporary production networks. Concerning both of the problems, the third is to find a non-hierarchical mode of negotiation.
3) On the third level temporary alliances of basically autonomous competence cells can be observed. After executing their order, these Production Networks dissolve and the constituent cells reenter the second or even the first level of networking.
Generalising our observation we now assume that every phenomena labelled as regional or industrial network or district should be investigated in view of (these) different levels of networking, especially if we are interested in dealing more efficiently with the problems of network management. Hence, we suggest to first answer the question “Which (of these) networks are we to manage?” before asking how.
Concerning the latter, a synopsis on the discourse on managing networks shows three major approaches:
1) Networks are assumed to be uncontrollable (cp. e.g. Castells 2001), as they are self-organised systems selecting external control impulses only by their own criterias of relevance, so we have either to adapt the logic of the target system (which implies self-adaption) or to take the risk of being totally ignored. With this in mind we can’t speak of control in terms of causal logic.
2) Networks are assumed to be cultivable: According to Wenger and Snyder (2000) for example networks are uncontrollable, but - like a gardener - we are able to set adequate general conditions for their “growth” and continuity.
3) Networks are assumed to be controllable: For authors like Sydow (2000) networks are to be seen as hybrid forms of coordination recombining aspects of market and hierarchy. Thus, recombining the classical means of control will finally lead to the ability to manage networks.
It will be to show that each of these approaches focuses on specific aspects of networking, thus, each of them is creating a self-contained concept of networks: Castells refers to networks as a basal nexus of (global) interconnectedness that, like the Regional Network in our case, obviously can’t be managed. Wenger and Snyder are interested in network-organisations that (like Competence Networks) also can’t be controlled but can be implemented by and embedded in other social systems (cp. Grabher 1993). Sydow finally observes networks of more or less autonomous organisations corresponding to our Production Networks, which are in deed more or less controllable.
Not least because of their different theoretical assumptions, all these concepts seemed to be not only incommensurable but incompatible so far. Nonetheless, during our work in CRC 457 we were to manage all these concepts while approaching to one single objective of research. Therefore, we had to ask, how many perspectives on network are we to manage? The answer is: at least three. Integrating these, we generated a holistic life-cycle model of network, which we like to present as starting point for further research in the field network management.
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Sánchez-Romero, Miguel, Dalkhat Ediev, Gustav Feichtinger, and Alexia Prskawetz. "How many old people have ever lived?" Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2017.36.54.
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Background: Uninformed generalizations about how many elderly people have ever lived, based on a poor understanding of demography, are found in a surprising number of important publications.
Objective: We extend the methodology applied to the controversial question "how many people have ever been born?" initiated by Fucks, Winkler, and Keyfitz, to the proportion of people who have ever reached a certain age y and are alive today (denoted as TT(y, T ))).
Methods: We first analyze the fraction TT(y, T )) by using demographic data based on UN estimates. Second, we show the main mathematical properties of TT(y, T )) by age and over time. Third, we complete our analysis by using alternative population models.
Results: We estimate that the proportion who have ever been over 65 that are alive today (as of 2010) ranges between 5.5 and 9.5%. We extend the formal demographic literature by considering the fraction of interest in two frequently referred models: the stable and hyperbolic growth populations.
Conclusions: We show that statements claiming half of all people who have ever reached the age of 65 are alive today ranges would never be attainable, neither theoretically nor empirically, according to existing data.
Contribution: We have produced for the first time a harmonized reconstruction of the human population by age throughout history. For a given contemporaneous time T, we demonstrate analytically and numerically that TT(y, T )) is nonmonotonic in age y. For a given age y, we show tthat TT(y, T) may also be nonmonotonic with respect to T.
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Huang, Lixin. "Predicting Hurricane Evacuation Decisions: When, How Many, and How Far." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/461.
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Traffic from major hurricane evacuations is known to cause severe gridlocks on evacuation routes. Better prediction of the expected amount of evacuation traffic is needed to improve the decision-making process for the required evacuation routes and possible deployment of special traffic operations, such as contraflow. The objective of this dissertation is to develop prediction models to predict the number of daily trips and the evacuation distance during a hurricane evacuation.
Two data sets from the surveys of the evacuees from Hurricanes Katrina and Ivan were used in the models' development. The data sets included detailed information on the evacuees, including their evacuation days, evacuation distance, distance to the hurricane location, and their associated socioeconomic characteristics, including gender, age, race, household size, rental status, income, and education level.
Three prediction models were developed. The evacuation trip and rate models were developed using logistic regression. Together, they were used to predict the number of daily trips generated before hurricane landfall. These daily predictions allowed for more detailed planning over the traditional models, which predicted the total number of trips generated from an entire evacuation. A third model developed attempted to predict the evacuation distance using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which was able to account for the spatial variations found among the different evacuation areas, in terms of impacts from the model predictors. All three models were developed using the survey data set from Hurricane Katrina and then evaluated using the survey data set from Hurricane Ivan.
All of the models developed provided logical results. The logistic models showed that larger households with people under age six were more likely to evacuate than smaller households. The GWR-based evacuation distance model showed that the household with children under age six, income, and proximity of household to hurricane path, all had an impact on the evacuation distances. While the models were found to provide logical results, it was recognized that they were calibrated and evaluated with relatively limited survey data. The models can be refined with additional data from future hurricane surveys, including additional variables, such as the time of day of the evacuation.
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Sprinkle, Jim. "How Many Animals Can I Graze on My Pasture?" College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144711.
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Mól, Abel Perigolo. "How many species? Ecological drivers of cricket (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) diversity." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3946.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-24<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>No capítulo 1, este estudo investiga os determinantes da diversidade e abundância de grilos de serapilheira, e as possíveis interações com feições geomorfológicas. Ainda, nós propomos uma abordagem analítica que inclui amostragem local passiva como uma explicação necessária para a variação da diversidade e evidencia eventuais efeitos do ambiente nas relações diversidade-abundância. Concluímos que os processos biológicas regulando o número de espécies de grilos não são diretamente afetados por feição geomorfológica. A riqueza local é mais provavelmente limitada por processos amostrais do pool regional. No capítulo 2, avaliamos se a diversidade de gêneros de grilos sul-americanos pode ser empiricamente explicada por área de distribuição e tamanho corporal. Analisamos as espécies reportadas pela Orthoptera Species File para a região Neotropical e estimamos a área de distribuição e biomas interceptados para cada gênero. A diversidade aumenta com a área, mas o aumento é maior em áreas descontínuas. A diversidade aumenta com tamanho corporal e área tanto em áreas contínuas quanto em áreas descontínuas. A distribuição descontínua podem ou subestimar a distribuição verdadeira ou superestimar o escopo do gênero. O aumento da diversidade com tamanho corporal foi contrário às nossas expectativas. Isso pode ser resultado de efeito amostral, isto é, grilos maiores são mais facilmente amostrados e identificados. Concluímos que a distribuição de dados de grilos, embora incipiente, são relevantes para explicar diversidade de espécies entre gêneros. Os processos biológicos envolvidos nas relações empíricas merecem melhor investigação.<br>On chapter 1, this study investigates drivers of the diversity and abundance of litter crickets, and their possible interactions with the geomorphological feature. Moreover, we propose an analytical approach which includes local passive sampling as a necessary explanation for diversity variation and thus highlights eventual effective influence of environment on diversity and diversity-abundance relationship. It is concluded that the biological processes regulating number of species are not directly affected by the geomorphological feature. Local richness is most probable limited solely by a sampling process of the regional pool, and sample size is determined by factors affecting all species equally, in other words, affect the number of individuals. At Chapter 2, we aimed to evaluate if genus diversity of South-American crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) may be empirically explained by distribution area and body size. We analyzed all species reported in the Orthoptera Species File with geographic distribution range reported for the Neotropics. We estimated reported distribution area, as well as intercepted biome area for each genus. Diversity increased with area, but this increase was higher and steeper in discontinuous than continuous areas. Diversity increased with body and area in both continuous and discontinuous distribution areas. Discontinuous distribution records may either underestimate actual distribution area, or overestimate the genus scope. The increase of diversity with body size was opposite to our expectations. This could result from sampling effect, where larger cricket species with smaller body size would be under-represented due to taxonomic issues. We conclude that cricket distribution data, although sparse and not-systematic, are relevant to explain species diversity among genera. The biological processes involved in the empirical relationships deserve further investigation.
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MAIA, MARTA NIDIA VARELLA GOMES. "EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: HOW MANY DATES DO YOU MAKE A CURRICULUM?" PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21707@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar o currículo da Educação
Infantil organizado em torno das datas comemorativas do calendário civil e
religioso em duas escolas de Educação Infantil em um dos cinco municípios mais
populosos em relação à faixa etária de 0 a 6 anos do estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Compreendendo a infância como categoria social e da história, parte da cultura e
produtora de cultura, a Educação Infantil como direito da criança e o currículo
como experiência de cultura, tem como referência teórica Bakhtin, Vygotsky,
Benjamin, Sarmento e autores que pesquisam a escola e o currículo. Procurando
compreender por que as escolas de Educação Infantil organizam o currículo em
torno de datas comemorativas, se é orientação da rede de ensino e a origem dessa
prática; conhecer e compreender práticas e interações entre crianças e adultos,
possíveis implicações na constituição de suas subjetividades, se essa prática se
relaciona a outras práticas e concepções presentes na instituição e identificar
aprendizagens que circulam nesse ambiente. O primeiro capítulo apresenta
brevemente a história recente da Educação Infantil no Brasil e a concepção de
infância assumida nessa pesquisa. O segundo capítulo procura demonstrar como o
tema se encontra presente, apresenta o currículo, as políticas, o debate sobre a
Educação Infantil e implicações na prática cotidiana. O terceiro expõe as
referências teóricas, estratégias de pesquisa, informações sobre o município,
sistema de ensino, escolas pesquisadas e processo de aproximação e inserção no
campo. O quarto capítulo trata das observações, entrevistas e análise de
documentos. O quinto capítulo intenta sintetizar os pontos mais relevantes dapara a percepção de outras possibilidades de trabalho que sejam efetivamente
identificadas com as subjetividades que dialogam na escola.<br>This thesis aims to study the curriculum of early childhood education
organized around the holidays and the calendar in two religious schools Early
Childhood Education at one of the five most populous cities in the age group 0 to
6 years in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Understanding childhood as a social
category and history, part of the culture and culture producer, early childhood
education as a right of the child and the curriculum as experience of culture, has
the theoretical background Bakhtin, Vygotsky, Benjamin, Sarmento and authors
who have researched the school and curriculum. Trying to understand why
schools from kindergarten curriculum organized around the holidays, whether it is
orientation of the school system and the origin of this practice, knowledge and
understanding of practices and interactions between children and adults, possible
implications for the constitution of their subjectivities, if this practice relates to
other conceptions in practice and identify learning institution that circulate in this
environment. The first chapter briefly presents the recent history of early
childhood education in Brazil and the conception of children taken in this
research. The second chapter explains how the theme is present, presents the
curriculum, policies, the debate on early childhood education and implications for
daily practice. The third presents the theoretical references, research strategies,
Information about the council, education system, schools and studied the process
of approximation and integration in the field. The fourth chapter deals with
observations, interviews and document analysis. The fifth chapter attempts to
summarize the most relevant aspects of research and dialogue with schools and professionals in their desire to contribute to the perception of other job
opportunities that are actually identified with the subjectivities that dialogue at the
school.
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Jochem, Patrick, Eckhard Szimba, and Melanie Reuter-Oppermann. "How many fast-charging stations do we need along European highways?" Elsevier, 2019. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72227.
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For a successful market take-up of plug-in electric vehicles, fast-charging stations along the highway network play a significant role. This paper provides results from a first study on estimating the minimum number of fast-charging stations along the European highway network of selected countries (i.e., France, Germany, the Benelux countries, Switzerland, Austria, Denmark, the Czech Republic, and Poland) and gives an estimate on their future profitability. The combination of a comprehensive dataset of passenger car trips in Europe and an efficient arc-cover-path-cover flow-refueling location model allows generating results for such a comprehensive transnational highway network for the first time. Besides the minimum number of required fast-charging stations which results from the applied flow-refueling location model (FRLM), an estimation of their profitability as well as some country-specific results are also identified. According to these results the operation of fast-charging stations along the highway will be attractive in 2030 because the number of customers per day and their willingness to pay for a charge is high compared to inner-city charging stations. Their location-specific workloads as well as revenues differ significantly and a careful selection of locations is decisive for their economic operation.
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Guidry, Jeanine Patricia Drost. "A Tale of Many Tweets| How Stakeholders Respond to Nonprofit Organizations' Tweets." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1546657.
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<p> Microblogging service Twitter has taken the world by storm since its inception in 2006, growing from 340,000 users in July 2007 to 500 million active users in March 2013. At the same time, Twitter and other social media platforms are opening up new possibilities for organizations to engage with and be responsive to their stakeholders and to the public in general.</p><p> Despite the widespread use of social media among nonprofit organizations, very little empirical evidence is available concerning publics' responses to the messages they are sent. This thesis describes how stakeholders respond to different communication practices on Twitter. Focusing on the organizations on the <i>"Nonprofit Times 100"</i> list of 2011 as well as the list of nonprofit organizations with the most Twitter followers, this study combines qualitative and quantitative analyses at both the message level and the organizational level to develop an initial understanding of effective Twitter practices among nonprofit organizations.</p><p> Until recently, nonprofits have not fully taken advantage of the interactive possibilities Twitter has the potential to provide. After analyzing 3,415 tweets by 50 nonprofits, it became clear that it was difficult, if not impossible, to identify the "perfect" tweet - the type of tweet that would be most likely to elicit all types of engagement. This study's results suggest that nonprofits should target specific tweets toward retweeting and favoriting engagement, and others toward conversations - and not expect the same tweet to achieve both.</p>
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Rehman, Zia. "How many are out there? A novel approach for open and closed systems." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6343.
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We propose a ratio estimator to determine population estimates using capture-recapture sampling. It's different than traditional approaches in the following ways:
(1) Ordering of recaptures: Currently data sets do not take into account the "ordering" of the recaptures, although this crucial information is available to them at no cost.
(2) Dependence of trials and cluster sampling: Our model explicitly considers trials to be dependent and improves existing literature which assumes independence.
(3) Rate of convergence: The percentage sampled has an inverse relationship with population size, for a chosen degree of accuracy.
(4) Asymptotic Attainment of Minimum Variance (Open Systems: (=population variance).
(5) Full use of data and model applicability
(6) Non-parametric
(7) Heterogeneity: When units being sampled are hard to identify.
(8) Open and closed systems: Simpler results are presented separately for closed systems.
(9) Robustness to assumptions in open systems<br>Ph.D.<br>Doctorate<br>Graduate Studies<br>Sciences<br>Modeling & Simulation
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Watson, Amy Beth 1980. "How many people can China feed? : assessing the impact of land and water constraints." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29394.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-126).<br>Land and water resources are becoming increasingly scarce in China, threatening the nation's ability to feed its growing population. The limitations of these resources must be considered simultaneously to determine China's ability to produce food. In this thesis we present an optimization model to identify the maximum population that can be sustainably supported subject to land and water constraints. This model can be used to inform water resource management decisions. The optimization model specifies the spatial allocation of cropland and water, subject to various physical constraints. As more land is used for crops, more water is consumed by agriculture. The model's water constraints are based on steady- state, annual water balances for major river basins and precipitation and evapotranspiration climatology. The movement of water is constrained by a coarse resolution stream network within each river basin. Food produced within each river basin may be consumed anywhere within China. The model's land constraints are based on reported values for total and irrigated cropland. The irrigated cropland constraint can be relaxed to examine production increases due to possible expansion of irrigated infrastructure beyond current levels. The use of this model is demonstrated with preliminary data. The results suggest that China can support 693 million people sustainably with its resources, assuming current levels of crop imports. Expanding irrigation infrastructure to all cropland enables China to support 828 million people. The model proves to be highly sensitive to oil crop consumption and crop growing period inputs. Sensitivity to data inputs contributes to the uncertainty of model results. Further refinement of the model and improved data should result in improved population predictions.<br>by Amy Beth Watson.<br>S.M.
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Kowallis, Logan Ricks. "How Many Ways Can You Vocalize Emotion? Introducing an Audio Corpus of Acted Emotion." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8921.
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Emotion recognition from facial expressions has been thoroughly explored and explained through decades of research, but emotion recognition from vocal expressions has yet to be fully explained. This project builds on previous experimental approaches to create a large audio corpus of acted vocal emotion. With a large enough sample size, both in number of speakers and number of recordings per speaker, new hypotheses can be explored for differentiating emotions. Recordings from 131 subjects were collected and made available in an online corpus under a Creative Commons license. Thirteen acoustic features from 120 subjects were used as dependent variables in a MANOVA model to differentiate emotions. As a comparison, a simple neural network model was evaluated for its predictive power. Additional recordings intended to exhaust possible ways to express emotion are also explored. This new corpus matches some features found in previous studies for each of the four emotions included (anger, fear, happiness, and sadness).
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Seshadri, Sridhar B. "How Many Hands Does a Team Have? Developing Ambidextrous Teams in Academic Medical Centers." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Management / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casedm1568731826883498.
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Gravina, Michael Timothy. "How Many Moralities? a Bottom-Up Approach to Mapping the Brain’s Natural Moral Categories." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:24078353.
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The external structure and internal boundaries of the moral domain are not sharply defined. Substantive definitions of morality struggle to cleanly encapsulate the full diversity of human moral concern without including too much to retain correspondence to folk understandings, while functionalist definitions are complex and difficult to implement in study. Psychological work in 20th century often assumed morality was a single domain concerned primarily with transgression types emphasized in Western academia. Recent brain-imaging work has suggested that morality may in fact comprise multiple sub-domains, corresponding to moral natural kinds which cover a more diverse spectrum of topics than Western morality is typically concerned with (Parkinson et al., 2011). Moral Foundations Theory (MFT), which takes an evolutionary functionalist approach, is a promising candidate structure for this expanded moral domain.
Here I probe the structure of the moral domain in exploratory fashion for correlates to the foundations of MFT in patterns of brain activation in response to moral stimuli generated and categorized by survey respondents. Activation contrasts are used to identify regions of differential activity between the putative foundations. Conjunctive overlaps between foundation contrasts are compared in order to establish which foundations behave similarly to one another relative to the other foundations in the set.
Neither the 5-factor structure of MFT nor its coarser 2-factor structure is upheld. Instead, a semi-polarized scheme is suggested, with harm-preventative and purity-maintaining moral types occupying the extremes and more interpersonal foundations grouped together in between and less clearly delineated than previously assumed.
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Vetter, P. "How many can you see at a glance? : the role of attention in visual enumeration." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/16355/.
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There is considerable controversy as to how the brain extracts numerosity information from a visual scene and as to how much attention is needed for this process. Traditionally, it has been assumed that visual enumeration is subserved by two functionally distinct mechanisms: the fast and accurate apprehension of 1 to about 4 items, a process termed "subitizing", and the slow and error-prone enumeration of larger numerosities referred to as "counting". Further to a functional dichotomy between these two mechanisms, an attentional dichotomy has been proposed. Subitizing has been thought of as a pre-attentive and parallel process, whereas counting is supposed to require serial attention. In this work, the hypothesis of a parallel and pre-attentive subitizing mechanism was tested. To this aim, the amount of attention that could be allocated to an enumeration task was experimentally manipulated. In Experiment 1, attentional set was manipulated such that attention could either be drawn to the relevant of two subsets to enumerate or had to be distributed to both subsets. Furthermore, the relationship of enumeration to perceptual grouping and item discrimination was explored. In Experiment 2, a dual-task approach was employed in which the amount of attentional resources available to enumeration was systematically modulated by imposing an additional task and by varying its attentional load. Experiment 3 investigated the neural correlates of visual enumeration under attentional load using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results indicated that (1) enumeration, particularly subitizing, was clearly compromised under conditions of distributed or reduced attention. (2) Both the enumeration of small and large numerosities was affected by such attentional manipulations. (3) Subitizing selectively activated brain areas associated with stimulus-driven attention. (4) Enumeration is contingent on other potentially attention-demanding visual processes such as perceptual grouping. The evidence presented here seriously challenges the traditionally held claim of a parallel and preattentive subitizing mechanism and suggests instead that small numerosity judgement requires visual attention. This weakens the argument of an attentional as well as a functional dichotomy and strengthens the idea that enumeration may be subserved by a single, continuous mechanism.
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BEZERRA, ISABEL CRISTINA RANGEL MORAES. "HOW MANY THREADS TO WEAVE A REFLECTION? NARRATIVE AND ARGUMENTATION IN THE LOOM OF INTERACTION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=10477@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>A reflexão profissional, para ser significativa, deve
estar intrinsecamente ligada
aos porquês dos envolvidos, segundo o viés proposto pela
Prática Exploratória. Assim,
esta tese traz sua colaboração para a área de formação
continuada de professores de
língua estrangeira ao focalizar o processo de co-
construção de conhecimentos e de
reflexão docente desenvolvido em um curso de idiomas no
qual envolvi-me em uma
consultoria exploratória com alguns colegas. A utilização
dos princípios da Prática
Exploratória para a condução do processo de reflexão
eminentemente discursivo de fazer
sentido da vida em sala de aula (e fora dela) permitiu que
o mesmo priorizasse a
qualidade de vida, o envolvimento e a busca da união de
todos, o desenvolvimento
mútuo, ainda que fosse possível mapear momentos de embate
e de negociação de
significados conflitantes. Ressalto que esse processo de
trabalhar para entender tornouse
híbrido na medida em que a pesquisa se fazia presente,
envolvendo também os colegas.
Dessa forma, a configuração discursiva das reuniões
reflexivas ensejou discussões de
nossas crenças, momentos de construção identitária, dentre
outras questões, na medida
em que tentávamos, enquanto grupo, fazer sentido da nossa
prática docente. Sublinho
que, neste trabalho, tomo o discurso em sua centralidade
nos processos de negociação de
entendimentos sobre quem somos e sobre o mundo social onde
as práticas discursivas se
configuram e, particularmente, para a construção
discursiva da reflexão. Considerando o
formato de nossos encontros - uma reunião para estudos e
reflexão - narrativas e
argumentações eram tecidas no tear da interação em
conseqüência do uso de Atividades
de Reflexão com Potencial Exploratório para darem início
aos questionamentos.
Portanto, a análise micro-discursiva que faço das
interações tomam estes dois elementos
como categorias fundamentais de análise para responder às
questões ou puzzles que
encaminham meu olhar de pesquisadora-consultora.
Finalmente, ressalto ainda neste
trabalho o olhar analítico não apenas à ação discursiva
dos colegas, mas à minha também,
especialmente no tocante à ação de consultora. Acredito
que direcionar o foco de análise
para minha ação discursiva contribui para a construção de
um espaço no campo
epistemológico da reflexão profissional voltado à reflexão
do consultor sobre seu fazer
profissional.<br>According to the Exploratory Practice Principles, for
professional reflection to be
meaningful, it must be deeply related to the puzzling
questions formulated by those
involved in the process. Therefore, this thesis makes its
contribution to the area of EFL
in-service teacher education as it focuses on the process
of co-construction of knowledge
and professional reflection developed with some colleagues
in a language course where I
got involved in an exploratory consultancy activity. Using
the principles of Exploratory
Practice to carry out this inherently discursive
reflection process of making sense of life
in the classroom (and outside of it) allowed us to
prioritize quality of life, everybody´s
involvement and union, and mutual development - even
though it was possible to spot
moments of conflicting meaning negotiation. I emphasize
that the process of working to
understand became hybrid inasmuch as the academic research
side was also present and
involved my colleagues as well. Hence, the discursive
configuration of our reflective
sessions brought about discussion of our teaching and
learning beliefs, identity
construction moments, just to name a few issues, while we
tried to make sense of our own
teaching practice. Discourse is a central issue in this
thesis in the meaning negotiation
processes concerning who we are, the social world where
discursive practices come to be,
particularly, the discursive construction of reflection.
Within the format of our reflective
study sessions, narratives and argumentations were woven
in the loom of interaction via
Reflective Activities with Exploratory Potential to work
for deeper understandings of our
puzzles. Thus, the micro-discursive analysis of the face-
to-face interactions took these
two elements to respond to the questions or puzzles that
led my research-consultant look.
Finally, I also want to highlight that, in this thesis, I
did not only direct my attention to
my colleagues´ discursive action, but also to mine,
especially in the consultant role. I
believe that turning the focus to my discursive action has
added to the construction of a
space in the epistemological field that is devoted to
professional consultant reflection on
his/her own professional practice.
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Franks, Shannon. "How Many bits? radiometric resolution as a factor in obtaining forestry information with remotely sensed measurements /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3315.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Geography. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Dean, Rikki. "Democratising bureaucracy : the many meanings of public participation in social policy and how to harness them." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3486/.
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Calls for greater public participation in the policy process have become a commonplace in contemporary governance, advocated across the political spectrum. Part of what makes participation beguiling is that it can take many meanings. This thesis investigates those meanings and their implications for how to do participatory policy-making. It outlines an innovative new typology of four modes of public participation in social policy decisions. The four modes – labelled: knowledge transfer, collective decision-making, choice and voice, and arbitration and oversight – are each linked to different traditions in democratic and public administration theory. As such, they go beyond existing typologies of participation, which are either rooted in one, radical participatory, normative orientation, or abstracted from broader normative debates altogether. This typology is followed by an empirical study of the procedural preferences of 34 key informants involved with participation in health, housing, poverty, and social security policy in Britain. It combines a Q-method survey and qualitative interviews to provide a novel mix of quantitative and qualitative data on each person’s preference. The analysis demonstrates that the preferences of the majority of study participants mirror the knowledge transfer and collective decision-making modes of participation, with significant disagreements over the objectives of participation and how much power should be afforded to the public. The rich mixture of quantitative and qualitative data also enables a deeper exploration of the nature of procedural preferences than existing studies, which have primarily employed secondary data analysis of large-scale surveys. It establishes that there are not just differences between participants but deep ambivalences within participants’ preferences. The thesis then proposes a systems approach to participation in governance. It describes three functions that participation can serve in complex policy systems: effectiveness, autonomy and accountability. The four modes of participation are matched with the three functions, using examples from the English National Health Service (NHS) for further elucidation. This approach provides a framework for designing and assessing participatory policymaking that takes account of the diversity of procedural preferences.
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Björkqvist, Johanna, Erik Johannesson, and Linn Jorikson. "Companies on Facebook : How many of the 100 largest Swedish Companies have a Facebook page, and how do they use it?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, EMM (Entreprenörskap, Marknadsföring, Management), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15525.
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Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to see if the 100 largest Swedish companies are present on Facebook, and if they are, how they use their business pages. Further the customers’ perception of companies’ use of Facebook will be included. To investigate this, three research questions were created. Background: As Web 2.0 and its application has changed, the use of Internet, both for companies and customers, there has been change in how information is delivered and how people take in information. One application of Web 2.0 is Facebook, and in this investigation the authors will look at the use of the application in companies marketing strategy. Many researchers and marketers (Constantinides & Fountain, 2008; Carlsson, 2009; Yang et al., 2009) recognizes the importance for companies to take advantage of this new media and sees a value generating process for both company and customer, but how this value generates profits is harder to identify. Further the market and possibility to reach customers is every day increasing as Facebook has gone from 100 million in 2008 to approximately 600 million members in 2011. Today in Sweden, over four million people have a Facebook account. Method: To gather empirical data the use of a coding sheet has been developed through content analysis when investigating the selected companies’ business pages. The companies were found from a list over the 100 largest Swedish companies ranked after turnover. Further to collect the customers’ perception of companies on Facebook a focus group were conducted. In the focus group a semi-structured interview approach was chosen to create an open discussion within the group but still maintaining on the subject in hand. To analyze the empirical findings theories about social media, customer loyalty and communication were used. Conclusion: The authors of this thesis have determined three different appearance areas by companies on Facebook; support forum, advertising channel and just exist on the social media. Two main ways for companies to use Facebook is as a customer support page or as an advertising/promotion/publicity channel. In customers support pages the communication between the company and customer is more substantial and different types of communication are to be found such as B2C, C2B and C2C. By using Facebook as advertising /promotion /publicity page the companies communicate more through pictures and videos that is pushed out by the company. The customers interact through viewing and commenting the uploaded material. The result from the focus group showed that the customer appreciated the advertising/promotion/publicity page as this corresponds with their perception of companies on Facebook. The participant saw the customer support page on Facebook as unserious and not a suitable way of communicating with a company.
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Barclay, Daryl James, and res cand@acu edu au. "The Sound of Many Voices: investigating how principals view and influence massed singing in secondary boys’ schools." Australian Catholic University. Educational Leadership, 2008. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp226.13012010.
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This research focused on how three principals in Melbourne boys-only schools view and influence the place of massed singing within their respective school cultures. The views of the principals themselves and their own capacity for self-reflection were critical to the thesis. The study was underpinned by three theoretical propositions: principals, although not usually involved in the teaching of massed singing, nevertheless exert an influence on it; massed singing has a unique power to enhance the broader school culture; and, cultural assumptions about gendered participation in music-making can affect student attitudes towards massed singing. The review of literature highlighted three themes which informed the conceptual framework underpinning the research: organisational and educational leadership; the construct of masculinity in boys’ education and in leadership; and the nature and benefits of massed singing. Given the themes of the review, it seemed appropriate to undertake a study which would be essentially qualitative, interpretive, and based on indepth interviews with the key stakeholders. In the case of each of the three participating principals, data was collected from key documents produced by the schools, from a written questionnaire, and from a semistructured interview. The questionnaire was designed both to collect data and to raise participants’ consciousness prior to the interview. The questionnaire’s 17 questions, structured so as to address the three themes identified through the review of literature, were designed to create a flexible framework for an in-depth exploration of key issues in the context of the interview itself. Findings from the study indicated that there was a very strong belief amongst the participating principals that massed singing affects the overall culture of their schools in a range of profound and significant ways; that they themselves exercise a sponsorial or support role in relation to the singing programs in their schools, and rely on experts for the effective delivery of musical content; that traditional stereotypes of gender can be challenged and debunked through student participation in massed singing; and that their own personal histories of singing, and their favourable disposition towards it, are significant factors in how effectively they are able to promote and support it. The study findings have implications for school leaders and their boards; the teaching profession in general, and choral and vocal educators in particular; parents and the arts community; government education authorities and policy makers; and this researcher himself. Recommendations for further research have also emerged out of this study.
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Zammit, Andrea Rose. "In how many ways can one age successfully? : patterns of wellbeing in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7711.
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This thesis explored cognitive, psychosocial, and physical domains of wellbeing to find out their contribution to successful ageing in 70-year old individuals. Discovering groups with different patterns of wellbeing and their correlates may be informative about what constitutes success in old age. The objectives were to find out whether distinct groups within and across domains of wellbeing existed, and to find out the variables associated with the resulting groups. Using a cross-sectional design on the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936, maximum n = 1091), which is a group of community-dwelling 70 year-olds, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to explore possible patterns of ageing in domains of cognitive, psychosocial, and physical function. Demographic, personality, and lifestyle variables that were not used in the LCA were used to characterise the resulting groups. The first study investigated cognitive ability. Individuals were grouped according to their scores on general cognitive ability (g), memory, and speed. I accepted a 3-group solution, including High- (n = 749, 69%), Average- (n = 303, 28%), and Low- (n = 39, 4%) cognition groups. Results indicated the presence of a strong dimension: people who did well on one component also did well on others, and failed to show any indication of uneven patterns of scores. In the second study on psychosocial wellbeing individuals were grouped according to their scores on physical function, quality of life, and emotional wellbeing. A 5-group solution was accepted. High (n =515, 42.7%), Average (n = 417, 38.3%), and Poor (n = 37, 3.4%) Wellbeing groups were identified; however, contrasting patterns of wellbeing across components were noticed in the two other groups: one group scored relatively highly on physical function, but low on emotional wellbeing (High Function/ Low Spirits, n = 60, 5.5%), while another group showed low physical function but relatively high emotional wellbeing (Low Function/High Spirits, n = 62, 5.7%). The next study investigated the physical fitness domain: groups were determined on physical fitness, lack of inflammation, and lack of morbidity. Two groups, High Physical Fitness (n = 757, 73.3%) and Low Physical Fitness (n = 291, 26.7%) were identified, which, like the cognitive domain, also indicated a continuous pattern of wellbeing. In the final study individuals were grouped according to their scores on all variables reflecting cognitive, psychosocial, and physical function. I identified 3 groups showing high or uneven patterns of wellbeing. The majority of individuals fell in the High Wellbeing group (n = 712, 65.3%). The two other groups contained either individuals scoring high on cognitive measures but poorly on psychosocial and physical measures (the Low Bio-Psychosocial group, n = 158, 14.5%), or individuals scoring low on cognitive measures but highly on psychosocial and physical measures (the Low Cognition group, n = 221, 20.3%). Intelligence, personality and health behaviours showed salient differences amongst the groups in all studies. Overall, high childhood cognitive ability, low scores on Neuroticism, and avoiding smoking were associated with high wellbeing. Overall, results demonstrated that although wellbeing in old age is primarily dimensional, there is evidence of groups showing uneven patterns of function, indicating that individuals could show relatively successful patterns in some areas of wellbeing despite relatively poor functioning in other areas. Awareness of the importance of lifelong intelligence and personality traits and health practices to later-life wellbeing amongst health-care professionals and policymakers may help address risk-prevention, and improve compliance and patient-practitioner relationships to reduce health inequalities.
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Hannan-Leith, Madeline Naomi. ""That's how I found queer culture in so many ways" : narratives of online dating in queer women." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61850.
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The past few decades have seen a rise in the visibility and legal rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people, yet persistent stigmatization has left many searching for alternate ways of seeking connection. An increasingly popular means for LGBTQ individuals to find relationships is through online dating. While the Internet has been prolific in connecting LGBTQ communities, existing research on the use of Internet-dating sites in sexual minorities has focused primarily on gay men’s dating practices, overlooking queer women. The present study used a narrative approach to address the primary research question: What are queer women’s experiences of using online dating websites to find partnership? Qualitative, open-ended interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of five women who identified as queer and had used dating websites. Interviews were then transcribed and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic content analysis, resulting in the creation of three themes and 13 subthemes. These themes represent a significant and unique aspect of participants’ experiences of online dating, including their reasons for going online, how they navigated those spaces and the issues that they faced. The research findings aligned with previous literature on the subjects of online dating and queer women’s communities, and also highlighted new ideas for consideration and further exploration. Investigating these narratives may ultimately be used to inform clinical practice for sexual minority clients by contributing to our understanding of queer lived experiences and adapting counselling approaches based on this knowledge. This may improve LGBTQ client satisfaction with counselling and increase the potential for beneficial therapeutic outcomes.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of<br>Graduate
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Levy, Ferre Alberto. "How many years should I be married : long term power contracts in the electric utility industry in Texas /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Krachun, Carla. "How many is enough?, the effects of number of options and selections on perceived freedom of choice and satisfaction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ57667.pdf.
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Krachun, Carla (Karla Susan) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "How many is engough? The Effects of number of option and selections on perceived freedom of choice and satisfaction." Ottawa, 2000.
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Hung, Tsun-Hui. "One music? Two musics? How many musics? Cognitive ethnomusicological, behavioral, and fMRI study on vocal and instrumental rhythm processing." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1308317619.
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Kakkar, Aananditaa. "How Many Barack Obamas Does it Take: An Analysis of the Effect of Charter Schools on Real Estate and Crime." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/723.
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This study looks at the relationship between charter school presence and neighborhood quality in Los Angeles. Using data from the Los Angeles Department of Education, Zillow Real Estate, and the Los Angeles Sheriff, this paper attempts to find whether changes in charter presence influence the price of surrounding real estate or the occurrence of serious and petty crimes. The results find that charter schools tend to be associated with a decrease in home sale prices. The results on crime imply that crime increases upon the opening of charter schools, however they are statistically insignificant.
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Schenk, Sebastian [Verfasser], and Joerg [Akademischer Betreuer] Jaeckel. "How Many Higgs Bosons Does it Take: Consistency of Scalar Field Theories at High Energies / Sebastian Schenk ; Betreuer: Joerg Jaeckel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199348848/34.
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Alonso, Breto Isabel. ""How many identities can dance on a maple leaf?". La escritura de Marlene Nourbese Philip en el contexto de la Postmodernidad." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1660.
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La tesis es un estudio analítico de la obra literaria y teórica de la escritora afrocaribeña afincada en Canadá Marlene Nourbese Philip según teorías postcoloniales y posmodernas. <br/>Tras algunas consideraciones sobre la estructuración y enfoque del estudio, y una primera aproximación al contexto actual de la literatura y la comunidad canadiense afrocaribeña, el texto elabora una sucinta arqueología de la posmodernidad y establece unos principios para una "literatura posmoderna" que se aplicarán al corpus literario analizado. El análisis posterior pone de manifiesto la pertinencia de combinar etiquetas relacionadas con lo posmoderno con una literatura aparentemente minoritaria como es la de Philip, una literatura, por lo demás, marcada por el deseo de combatir el endémico racismo de que adolece la sociedad canadiense, y consagrada a hallar caminos de representación de la subjetividad de todo un colectivo: el de las mujeres afrospóricas de origen caribeño que viven en Canadá.
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Schulz, Frank. "'How can you go to a Church that killed so many Indians?' : Representations of Christianity in 20th century Native American novels." Master's thesis, [Potsdam : Univ.-Bibliothek], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97197845X.
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Henstam, Pontus. "How many participants are needed when usability testing physical products? : An analysis of data collected from usability tests conducted on physical products." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-147504.
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Testing a product on users before releasing it on the market can be very rewarding but also costly for companies. Therefore testing products on just the right number of users, that will be enough to include the benefits of the tests while keeping down the costs, would be most beneficial. A common advice means that five participants are enough to include in such tests. This advice is based on research mainly from testing computer-based interfaces on users. Though, how well this advice can be applied when testing physical products on users is less investigated. This thesis has investigated how many participants that are needed when testing physical products on users. A literature study and an analysis of data collected from physical products tested on users were conducted. The results show that using five participants when testing physical products on users cannot be counted on to be enough. The results also show that the number of participants to use, when testing physical products on users, vary.
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Olausson, Lovisa. "Navigating the Many Englishes of the World in the Classroom : Teachers’ Attitudes Towards English Accents and How They Work with Accents in the Classroom." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84207.
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According to the curriculum for upper secondary school, various English accents should be introduced. However, it does not state what accents and how these should be introduced. Both American and British English have had a historical stronghold in Sweden, with both having been preferred in previous curriculums. This study shows that both continue to have a stronghold in Swedish schools, but in a different way. Through a questionnaire, teachers in Sweden were asked to answer how they introduce and work with accents in their own teaching.The teachers that responded to the questionnaire introduce and work with accents to a high degree. It becomes evident that while American and British English are still very much prevalent, other accents are prevalent as well. While the majority of the respondents believed that all accents are equally important to teach, some still upheld the notion that English accents from countries where English is the native language are more important to incorporate in their teaching as these are more commonly heard. Additionally, a majority of the respondents also believed that a student’s grade should not be affected by the accent they use. However, this was dependent on whether or not the accent sounded too Swedish or not and not what English accent the students choose to use or approximate. Thus, the overall results show that the teachers who responded to the questionnaire believe in the importance of introducing accents and teaching accents as well as introducing a wide variety of accents.
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Wood, Simon Groves. "How many hillforts are there in western Scotland? : comparing aspects of the size, morphology and landscape position of later prehistoric enclosed sites in Kintyre, Skye and the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25814.
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Hillforts in Scotland are smaller than their counterparts in southern Britain and extremely difficult to define as a site category. This is even more true in the western and northern parts of the country traditionally described as Atlantic Scotland, where the plethora of small enclosed sites forms a continuum in terms of size and morphology that cuts across the boundaries of current classifications. Using the recent definition of a hillfort by J.D. Hill as a site type that is not a farmstead, this thesis attempts to analyse enclosed sites in terms of their area enclosed, morphology/architecture and particularly their landscape position to try to identify groups of sites or individual monuments that are these ‘not-farmsteads’. Three case study areas have been chosen for GIS-based analysis. Skye and Kintyre are in Atlantic Scotland. The former is a region where brochs have always been central to interpretations of the Iron Age, but it has a considerable number of larger hilltop enclosures classed as forts, and small, less regular drystone enclosures classed as duns. The forts of Kintyre in Argyll have been more studied, but their social role, as well as their relationship with and distinctiveness from the duns of Kintyre are still unknown. The final case study area is the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright, part of Galloway, in Prof. Piggott’s Solway-Clyde province. Generally included with southern Scotland and the Borders in syntheses of Scottish prehistory, it has many aspects to its later prehistoric archaeology that may be considered ‘Atlantic’ in nature, such as small prominent drystone enclosures, promontory forts and sites with complex, traditionally Atlantic architecture. However, there are also hilltop enclosures classed as forts that are much larger than in the other two case study areas. GIS based analyses have been used, and combined with statistical testing to try to identify patterns in the landscape positioning of certain classes or sizes of enclosed site. Sites have been analysed in terms of their distance from the sea, altitude, topographic prominence, visibility in the landscape, and proximity to/visibility of agricultural land. These results have been interpreted to try to refine present site categorisations, and to attempt to identify those sites that are different from merely farmsteads.
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Ma, Tong. "Many-to-many multicast for XTP." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59336.pdf.
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Demirci, Muhammed Fatih Shokoufandeh Ali. "Many-to-many feature matching for structural pattern recognition /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2005. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/656.
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Huang, Dijiang Medhi Deepankar. "Many-to-many secure group communication and its applications." Diss., UMK access, 2004.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Computing and Engineering. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004.<br>"A dissertation in computer networking and telecommunication networking." Advisor: Deep Medhi. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Feb. 24, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-147). Online version of the print edition.
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Ramasivan, Ganesh. "Enhanced communication services for many-to-many multicasting using XTP." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0017/MQ47850.pdf.
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Nagy, Gabor. "Heuristic methods for the many-to-many location-routing problem." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268969.
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Yi, Byeong-Uk. "Understanding the many /." New York : Routledge, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39018411h.
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Singer, Katherine Anne. "Too many Kates." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1357.
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Thesis (M.F.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of English. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Cardozo-Aviles, Christian Ivan. "Many interesting things." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120386.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 167).<br>I designed and implemented ES.S10: Many Interesting Things, a novel freshman seminar that introduces students to topics many of them will encounter in classes later on in their undergraduate careers. Topics were presented with a light workload and no formal assignments or exams, in such a way that students' intrinsic motivation was able to serve as the guiding force for the class. The seminar ran through the Spring term of 2018 and covered computer architecture, strobe photography, probability, quantum computation, machine learning, computer vision, and cosmology. Student feedback was favorable and the class was adopted as a freshman advising seminar for the Fall term of 2018.<br>by Christian Ivan Cardozo-Aviles.<br>M. Eng.
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Oddvik, Morten. "“Many People, Many Minds” : Collaborative Writing Using CSCL in the ESL Classroom." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Program for lærerutdanning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14064.
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This study investigates the use and potential of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) for students of English as a Second Language (ESL). The hypothesis that drives this study is founded on the assumption that students can work collaboratively online using software which allows them to chat and edit a document simultaneously. The purpose is to study the nature of collaboration and the students’ knowledge transformation. The method used for this study was fieldwork where two different situations were emulated to compare collaborative situations. One group had access to three computers and used chat while the other group had access to one computer and could talk. Participants were 14-year old students from different countries in an international school. They were asked to write essays together. Participants were given surveys before and after the essay writing, and their collaborative writing was recorded using screen-capturing software. Grounded theory was used as a method to analyze the written essays and the communicative process of either chat or oral discussion. The study provides evidence that ESL students can benefit from working with CSCL as a democratization of the writing process opens up knowledge transforming practices. Weak writers might find CSCL as an arena for contributing to the group and experience reciprocity in groups marked by positive interdependency and the teacher’s instructive facilitation. The CSCL arena is a multi-purpose space for new innovative language learning practices which requires instructional strategies from educators as well as comprehensive assessment practices including Assessment for Learning (AFL). This study is focused on the collaborative process of language work for ESL classrooms, and provides evidence of a potential affordance in the method of CSCL. This potential remains untapped in the ESL classroom today. The need for shared knowledge transformation requires students’ ability to appropriate the necessary skills to learn collaboratively. "Many minds" holds the potential to facilitate and assist ESL students in their language learning with the use of new technological opportunities as well as new didactical practices.
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Rubio, Ballester Jose C. "Many-to-Many High Order Matching. Applications to Tracking and Object Segmentation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96481.
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La correspondència de característiques és un problema fonamental de la Visió per Computador, que té múltiples aplicacions com el seguiment, la classificació i recuperació d’imatges, el reconeixement de formes i la visió estereoscòpica. En molts àmbits, és útil per representar l’estructura local de les carácterístiques en correspondència, per augmentar la precissió o per fer les correspondències invariants a certes transformacions (afins, homografies, etc...). No obstant això, la codificació d’aquest coneixement requereix complicar el model mitjançant l’establiment de relacions d’ordre alt entre els elements del model, i per tant l’augment de la complexitat del problema d’optimització.
La importància de les correspondències molts-a-molts es de vegades ignorada en la literatura. La majoria dels mètodes es limiten a realizar correspondències un-a-un, generalment validant en conjunts de dades sintètiques, o no realistes. En un entorn real, amb variacions d’escala, il.luminació i orientació de l’objecte d’interés, i amb la presència d’oclusions, desordre, i observacions sorolloses, les relacions molts-a-molts son necessàries per aconseguir resultats satisfactoris. Com a conseqüència, trovar la correspondència molts-a-molts més probable, implica un procés complicat d’optimització combinatòria.
En aquest treball dissenyem i demostrem algorismes de correspondència que calculen associacions molts-a-molts, i que poden ser aplicats a diversos problemes difícils de resoldre. El nostre objectiu és fer ús de representacios d’ordre alt per millorar el poder expressiu de la correspondència, alhora que ferm possible el procés d’inferència o l’optimització d’aquests models. Al llarg de la tesi, hem utilitzat eficaçment els models gràfics com la nostra representació preferida, ja que proporcionen un marc probabilístic elegant per abordar problemes de predicció estructurada.
Hem introdüit un algorisme de seguiment bassat en correspondències que es porten a terme entre els fotogrames d’una sequència de vídeo, per tal de resoldre el problema de segument de fars de cotxes durant la nit. També generalitzem aquest mateix algorisme per resoldre el problema de l’associació de dades aplicat a different escenaris de seguiment. Hem demostrat l’eficàcia d’aquest enfoc en seqüències de vídeo reals i demostrem que el nostre algorisme de seguiment es pot utilitzar per millorar la precisió d’un sistema de classificació de fars de cotxes.
A la segona part d’aquest treball, pasem desde correspondències no denses (punts) cap a correspondèencies denses (regions), i introdüim una nova representació jeràrquica d’imatges. Seguidament, fem ús d’aquest model per desenvolupar correspondències molts-a-molts d’ordre alt entre parelles d’imatges. Demostrem que l’ús de models d’ordre alt en comparació amb altres models més senzills no només millora l’exactitud dels resultats, sinó també la velocitat de convergència de l’algorisme d’inferència. Finalment, seguim explotant la idea de correspondència de regions per dissenyar un algorisme de co-segmentació completament no supervisat, que és capaç de competir amb altres mètodes supervisats de l’estat-de-l’art. El nostre mètode supera inconvenients típics d’alguns treballs passats, com evitar la necesitat d’aparences variades al fons de les imatges. La correspondència de regions en aquest cas s’aplica per explotar eficaçment la informació compartida entre les imatges. També extenem aquest treball per dur a terme co-segmentació de vídeos, sent la primera vegada que s’aborda aquest problema.<br>Feature matching is a fundamental problem in Computer Vision, having multiple applications such as tracking, image classification and retrieval, shape recognition and stereo fusion. In numerous domains, it is useful to represent the local structure of the matching features to increase the matching accuracy or to make the correspondence invariant to certain transformations (affine, homography, etc…). However, ncoding this knowledge requires complicating the model by establishing high-order relationships between the model elements, and therefore increasing the complexity of the optimization problem.
The importance of many-to-many matching is sometimes dismissed in the literature. Most methods are restricted to perform one-to-one matching, and are usually validated on synthetic, or non-realistic datasets. In a real challenging environment, with scale, pose and illumination variations of the object of interest, as well as the presence of occlusions, clutter, and noisy observations, many-to-many matching is necessary to achieve satisfactory results. As a consequence, finding the most likely many-to-many correspondence often involves a challenging combinatorial optimization process.
In this work, we design and demonstrate matching algorithms that compute many-to-many correspondences, applied to several challenging problems. Our goal is to make use of high-order representations to improve the expressive power of the matching, at the same time that we make feasible the process of inference or optimization of such models. We effectively use graphical models as our preferred representation because they provide an elegant probabilistic framework to tackle structured prediction problems.
We introduce a matching-based tracking algorithm which performs matching between frames of a video sequence in order to solve the difficult problem of headlight tracking at night-time. We also generalize this algorithm to solve the problem of data association applied to various tracking scenarios. We demonstrate the effectiveness of such approach in real video sequences and we show that our tracking algorithm can be used to improve the accuracy of a headlight classification system.
In the second part of this work, we move from single (point) matching to dense (region) matching and we introduce a new hierarchical image representation. We make use of such model to develop a high-order many-to-many matching between pairs of images. We show that the use of high-order models in comparison to simpler models improves not only the accuracy of the results, but also the convergence speed of the inference algorithm.
Finally, we keep exploiting the idea of region matching to design a fully unsupervised image cosegmentation algorithm that is able to perform competitively with state-of-the-art supervised methods. Our method also overcomes the typical drawbacks of some of the past works, such as avoiding the necessity of variate appearances on the image backgrounds. The region matching in this case is applied to effectively exploit inter-image information. We also extend this work to perform co-segmentation of videos, being the first time that such problem is addressed, as a way to perform video object segmentation.
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Hernández, Jesús V. Robicheaux Francis J. "Many-body dipole interactions." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Physics/Dissertation/Hernandez_Jesus_41.pdf.
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MONTEIRO, ANDREI ALHADEFF. "MANY-CORE FRAGMENTATION SIMULATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=28800@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA<br>Apresentamos um método computacional na GPU que lida com eventos de fragmentação dinâmica, simulados por meio de elementos de zona coesiva. O trabalho é dividido em duas partes. Na primeira parte, tratamos o pré-processamento de informações e a verificação de corretude e eficácia da inserção dinâmica de elementos coesivos em malhas grandes. Para tal, apresentamos uma simples estrutura de dados topológica composta de triângulos. Na segunda parte, o código explícito de dinâmica é apresentado, que implementa a formulação extrínsica de zona coesiva, onde os elementos são inseridos dinamicamente quando e onde forem necessários. O principal desafio da implementação na GPU, usando a formulação de zona coesiva extrínsica, é ser capaz de adaptar dinamicamente a malha de uma forma consistente, inserindo elementos coesivos nas facetas fraturadas. Para isso, a estrutura de dados convencional usada no código de elementos finitos (baseado na incidência de elementos) é estendida, armazenando, para cada elemento, referências para elementos adjacentes. Para evitar concorrência ao acessar entidades compartilhadas, uma estratégia convencional de coloração de grafos é adotada. Na fase de pré-processamento, cada nó do grafo (elementos na malha) é associado a uma cor diferente das cores de seus nós adjacentes. Desta maneira, elementos da mesma cor podem ser processados em paralelo sem concorrência. Todos os procedimentos necessários para a inserção de elementos coesivos nas facetas fraturadas e para computar propriedades de nós são feitas por threads associados a triângulos, invocando um kernel por cor. Computações em elementos coesivos existentes também são feitas baseadas nos elementos adjacentes.<br>A GPU-based computational framework is presented to deal with dynamic failure events simulated by means of cohesive zone elements. The work is divided into two parts. In the first part, we deal with pre-processing of the information and verify the effectiveness of dynamic insertion of cohesive elements in large meshes. To this effect, we employ a simplified topological data structured specialized for triangles. In the second part, we present an explicit dynamics code that implements an extrinsic cohesive zone formulation where the elements are inserted on-the-fly, when needed and where needed. The main challenge for implementing a GPU-based computational framework using extrinsic cohesive zone formulation resides on being able to dynamically adapt the mesh in a consistent way, inserting cohesive elements on fractured facets. In order to handle that, we extend the conventional data structure used in finite element code (based on element incidence) and store, for each element, references to the adjacent elements. To avoid concurrency on accessing shared entities, we employ the conventional strategy of graph coloring. In a pre-processing phase, each node of the dual graph (bulk element of the mesh) is assigned a color different to the colors assigned to adjacent nodes. In that way, elements of a same color can be processed in parallel without concurrency. All the procedures needed for the insertion of cohesive elements along fracture facets and for computing node properties are performed by threads assigned to triangles, invoking one kernel per color. Computations on existing cohesive elements are also performed based on adjacent bulk elements.