Journal articles: 'Maories'

1

Rostkowski, Joëlle. "Le retour de quelques têtes maories et autres actualités." Recherches amérindiennes au Québec 40, no. 3 (2010): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009373ar.

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O'Sullivan, Dominic. "Needs, Rights and “One Law for All”: Contemporary Debates in New Zealand Maori Politics." Canadian Journal of Political Science 41, no. 4 (December 2008): 973–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423908081122.

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Abstract. This paper examines contemporary debates in Maori politics by responding to the argument of the former leader of the opposition National party, Don Brash, that Maori public policy is most properly based on “need” alone because indigenous status offers no “rights” beyond those of common national citizenship. The paper's alternative argument is that the politics of indigeneity and associated theories of self-determination provide a way of avoiding a general belief that addressing need is all that is required to include Maori fairly in the national polity. It is argued that Maori ought to enjoy rights of indigeneity as the basis of an inclusive, cohesive and fair society.Résumé. Cette étude examine certains débats dans le domaine de la politique maorie en répondant aux propos de l'ancien chef du parti National, Don Brash, selon qui la politique publique maorie se baserait le plus aptement sur la notion du seul ‘besoin’, le statut de peuple indigène ne conférant aucun ‘droit’ au-delà de ceux qu'accorde la citoyennenté nationale régulière. Nous proposons par contre que la politique de l'indigénéité et les théories de l'auto-détermination qui y sont associées constituent un moyen de parer à une croyance généralisée qu'il suffirait de suppléer au besoin pour inclure avec justice les Maoris dans la politique nationale. Nous démontrerons que dans une société inclusive, cohésive et juste, les Maoris devraient jouir des droits accordés par l'indigénéité.

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Stokes, Evelyn. "Maori Geography or Geography of Maoris." New Zealand Geographer 43, no. 3 (December 1987): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7939.1987.tb01111.x.

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Bistárová, Lucia. "Formovanie kultúrnej a etnickej identity Maoriov prostredníctvom príslušnosti ku gangu." Kulturní studia 2021, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/ks.2021.150104.

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Though often called a “heaven on Earth” New Zealand suffers from a serious problem with gangs. Ethnic gangs have dominated the New Zealand gang scene since the 70s when many Maoris left traditional rural areas and migrated in search of work to the cities but ended up in poverty because of lack of skills and poorly-paid jobs. Maori urbanization and the dual pressures of acculturation and discrimination resulted in a breakdown of the traditional Maori social structures and alienated many from their culture. Maoris who have been unable to maintain their ethnic and cultural identity through their genealogical ties and involvement in Maori culture attempt to find it elsewhere. For many of those that have lost contact with their cultural and ethnic links gangs have replaced families and community and provides individuals with a sense of belonging and safety. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the role of gangs in Maori ethnic and cultural identity development. This paper demonstrates the impact of gang environment on individual identity development and provides evidence that cultural engagement initiatives can enhance Maori identities, which in turn could increase psychological and socio-economic wellbeing.

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Gladney, Dru C. "The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region as an example of separatism in China." Kulturní studia 2021, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/ks.2021.150105.

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Though often called a “heaven on Earth” New Zealand suffers from a serious problem with gangs. Ethnic gangs have dominated the New Zealand gang scene since the 70s when many Maoris left traditional rural areas and migrated in search of work to the cities but ended up in poverty because of lack of skills and poorly-paid jobs. Maori urbanization and the dual pressures of acculturation and discrimination resulted in a breakdown of the traditional Maori social structures and alienated many from their culture. Maoris who have been unable to maintain their ethnic and cultural identity through their genealogical ties and involvement in Maori culture attempt to find it elsewhere. For many of those that have lost contact with their cultural and ethnic links gangs have replaced families and community and provides individuals with a sense of belonging and safety. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the role of gangs in Maori ethnic and cultural identity development. This paper demonstrates the impact of gang environment on individual identity development and provides evidence that cultural engagement initiatives can enhance Maori identities, which in turn could increase psychological and socio-economic wellbeing.

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6

Fleras, Augie. "From Social Control towards Political Self-Determination? Maori Seats and the Politics of Separate Maori Representation in New Zealand." Canadian Journal of Political Science 18, no. 3 (September 1985): 551–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900032455.

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AbstractThe principle of guaranteed parliamentary representation for the Maori remains a contentious feature of New Zealand's political structure. This concession originated in 1867 to solve the “Maori problem” by means consistent with the competing interests of government and Maori. But despite intrinsic drawbacks within the present system, neither Maoris nor the major political parties have initiated fundamental reforms in the design of Maori seats for fear of tampering with the status quo. Recently, with the resurgence of Maori assertiveness, developments have transpired aimed at redefining the status of separate representation. Whether or not this strategy for the political accommodation of minority groups can be transferred to other contexts—such as Canada—is open to debate.

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7

Lemieux, René. "La souveraineté peut-elle se transférer? Les enseignements de la traduction du traité de Waitangi (1840)." TTR 29, no. 2 (August 27, 2018): 73–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051014ar.

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L’objectif de cet article est d’interroger le concept de souveraineté hérité de la modernité européenne à partir de sa « traduction » en maori dans le traité de Waitangi conclu en 1840 entre les chefs maoris d’Aotearoa (Nouvelle-Zélande) et l’Empire britannique. Le concept de souveraineté est difficilement traduisible en maori puisqu’il ne possède pas d’équivalent direct. Le terme kawanatanga choisi par le missionnaire-traducteur Henry Williams n’est qu’une translittération du mot anglais governor auquel le suffixe -tanga a été ajouté; ce terme rend mal l’idée du pouvoir absolu du souverain. Est-ce une « mauvaise » traduction pour autant? Henry Williams était-il incompétent? A-t-il plutôt voulu sciemment tromper les Maoris, comme le laissent entendre certains chercheurs? Le concept était-il lui-même intraduisible? Lorsqu’on analyse la traduction du terme souveraineté, on découvre qu’il n’y a pas d’équivalence formelle préétablie avant sa réalisation et que la souveraineté ne se transfère pas, mais se performe. Le contenu du concept est ainsi isomorphe à sa production : la souveraineté est une performance, et la traduction comme opération de création de termes participe à son actualisation. En utilisant un terme étranger mais profane pour rendre le concept, Henry Williams, sans peut-être le vouloir ou en être conscient, refuse la souveraineté dans son abstraction et, ce faisant, résiste aux tentatives de sceller l’interprétation du texte dans une unicité souveraine. Vue sous ce nouvel angle, la traduction de Williams participerait d’une « pensée sauvage » au sens de l’anthropologue Pierre Clastres, instituant une relativité toujours vulnérable, mais essentielle dans la perspective d’une traduction postcoloniale.

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8

Schwimmer, Eric. "La spirale dédoublée et l'identité nationale. L'art abstrait traditionnel maori a-t-il une signification ?" Anthropologie et Sociétés 16, no. 1 (September 10, 2003): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/015199ar.

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Résumé La spirale dédoublée et l'identité nationale L'art abstrait traditionnel maori a-t-il une signification ? La spirale dédoublée est un motif " décoratif ". Du point de vue esthetique, elle relève de l'art abstrait. Cet article s'interroge sur les manières maoris de donner un sens à ces images. Six types de codes font l'objet de l'analyse : a) les codes de classification sociale ; b) les codes des parties du corps tatouées de diverses figures ; c) les codes de proverbes et d'anecdotes historiques qui lient chaque figure à un message verbal particulier ; d) les codes physiologiques, surtout en rapport avec les expressions faciales, de manière à lier la figure à une gamme d'expressions faciales ; e) les codes historiques où le message verbal transmet la succession des cultes millénaristes de la Nouvelle-Zélande contemporaine ; f ) les systèmes de transformation historique de l'image même qui devient plurivoque sur le plan de l'expression, s'insérant à la fois dans un style occidental contemporain et dans un style maori.

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9

Schulte-Tenckhoff, Isabelle. "Te tino rangatiratanga : substance ou apparence ?" Articles 23, no. 1 (November 25, 2004): 89–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009508ar.

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Résumé Les termes de rangatiratanga (« souveraineté ») et kawanatanga (« gouvernorat ») occupent une place centrale dans le Traité de Waitangi (1840), instrument bilingue dont les deux versions officielles (anglaise et maorie) divergent significativement toutefois. Après avoir rappelé le contexte historique et juridique, l’auteure explore les champs sémantiques respectifs de kawantanga et rangatiratanga dans la double optique du droit interne et du droit international. Sur le plan interne, le débat tourne actuellement autour de l’accommodement de te tino rangatiratanga dans le cadre de l’ordre juridique néo-zélandais. Sur le plan international, le Traité de Waitangi symbolise surtout une relation de type nation-à-nation entre les Maoris et la Couronne britannique. Le lien entre ces deux niveaux d’analyse est assuré par le paradigme de l’internalisation en vertu duquel les dispositions du Traité ne sont plus vues aujourd’hui qu’à la seule luière de leur rôle en droit public interne. Il s’ensuit qu’elles ne sont justiciables que selon les termes établis par la partie étatique. Celle-ci étant juge et partie à la fois, toute possibilité de réconciliation de te tino rangatiratanga avec la souveraineté légale de la Couronne se heurte à des limites importantes.

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10

Ban, Paul. "The Influence of Indigenous Perspectives of “Family” on some aspects of Australian & New Zealand Child Welfare Practice." Children Australia 18, no. 1 (1993): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200003291.

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This article is written by a non indigenous person who has spent a number of years working with Torres Strait Islanders and is currently working in Victoria on a project that has its origins in Maori child care practice. The author has found that his work as a white social worker has been markedly influenced by contact with both Torres Strait Islander and Maori culture, and considers that this effect has been both positive and beneficial. White social workers for a number of years have been guilty of implementing an assimilationist policy where Governments treat indigenous people as though they are the same as white Australians. While this can be considered an equal treatment model, this policy and practice has been detrimental to the unique contribution indigenous people can provide to social work knowledge and understanding of child care practices. This article intends to share some insight into both these cultures and to hopefully influence readers to be more open when considering their dealings with indigenous people. Particular attention will be given to Torres Strait Islanders as they are indigenous Australians, with additional reference made to the influence of the Maoris in New Zealand.

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11

Giles, M., and I. Asher. "Prevalence and natural history of otitis media with perforation in Maori school children." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 105, no. 4 (April 1991): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100115555.

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AbstractNew Zealand Maoris are one of five ethnic groups in developed countries known to have a high rate of ear disease, including perforation of the eardrum (CSOM). It is a strongly held belief by otolaryngologists whose practice dates back to the 1960's that the prevalence of CSOM in Maori children is gradually falling. Despite the obvious practical implications this change has not yet been documented.The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of CSOM in two surveys conducted in 1978 and 1987 of children living in a North Island Maori community. A second aim was to examine the natural history of CSOM in these children.The raw data from the 1978 study were reviewed. Of 134 children aged 4–13,12 had CSOM. In 1987 the same age group yielded 12 children out of 250 with CSOM. The prevalence of CSOM fell from 9 per cent to 4 per cent. The incidence of new perforations in 1987 was 1.3 per cent per child per year. It is concluded there has been a fall in the rate of CSOM, although otitis media remains a significant problem for these children.The probability of a perforation healing was influenced by whether or not the perforation had been observed before: at least 35 per cent of perforations seen for the first time healed, but none of the perforations seen on two occsaions healed spontaneously. It was concluded that perforation of the eardrum can be managed conservatively at first.

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12

O'Keefe, Patrick J. "Maoris Claim Head." International Journal of Cultural Property 1, no. 2 (July 1992): 393–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739192000432.

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13

Thomas, Nicholas. "La sculpture maorie et l’histoire coloniale." L'Homme, no. 203-204 (December 4, 2012): 347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lhomme.23217.

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14

Tonkin, S. L. "Sudden infant death syndrome in Maoris." BMJ 310, no. 6980 (March 11, 1995): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6980.666b.

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15

Schwimmer, Éric. "Les minorités nationales au Québec et en Nouvelle-Zélande." Anthropologie et Sociétés 19, no. 3 (September 10, 2003): 127–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/015373ar.

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Résumé Les minorités nationales au Québec et en Nouvelle-Zélande Les minorités nationales inspirent des débats en philosophie ainsi qu'en sciences sociales. Les philosophes « naturalistes » cherchent à résoudre les problèmes en prescrivant des règles universelles de justice procédurale. Les phénoménologues préconisent des méthodes fondées sur la reconnaissance de la valeur des cultures des ethnies dans leur diversité profonde. L'article aborde brièvement la dimension canadienne/québécoise de ce problème. Comment les diverses catégories de citoyens se perçoivent-elles ? Quelles idées se font-elles du concept même de « minorité nationale » ? S'engagent-elles dans ce que Charles Taylor appelle la « politique de la reconnaissance » ? Comment ces représentations se comparent-elles au mouvement actuel de l'« autodétermination » et de la « souveraineté », courant parmi les Maoris de la Nouvelle-Zélande ? Ce mouvement concerne surtout la reconnaissance juridique, territoriale, politique et idéologique réclamée aujourd'hui par les Maoris en tant que « nation ». Le cas néo-zélandais est intéressant du fait que les Maoris de même que les Blancs semblent attaquer le problème lié à la reconnaissance des niveaux profonds de la diversité. L'article montre comment cela fonctionne sur les plans formel et informel des relations.

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Alice Te Punga Somerville. "Maori Cowboys, Maori Indians." American Quarterly 62, no. 3 (2010): 663–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aq.2010.0000.

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17

Harlow, Ray, and Bruce Biggs. "English-Maori Maori-English Dictionary." Oceanic Linguistics 32, no. 1 (1993): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3623103.

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18

Duval, T., and K. Kuiper. "MAORI DICTIONARIES AND MAORI LOANWORDS." International Journal of Lexicography 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2001): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/14.4.243.

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19

Levine, Hal, and Manuka Henare. "Mana Maori Motuhake: Maori SelfDetermination." Pacific Viewpoint 35, no. 2 (October 1994): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apv.352004.

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20

Ravelli, Alfons. "Wat kunnen Nederlandse gemeenten leren van de Maori's?" Journal of Social Intervention: Theory and Practice 14, no. 2 (June 29, 2005): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/jsi.38.

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21

Bres, Julia de, Janet Holmes, Meredith Marra, and Bernadette Vine. "Kia ora matua." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 20, no. 1 (January 14, 2010): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.20.1.03deb.

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Many aspects of the use of the Maori language are highly controversial in New Zealand, and humour is one way in which the sensitivities relating to the language can be negotiated in everyday workplace contexts. This article examines the use of the Maori language by Maori and Pakeha participants during humorous episodes at staff meetings in a Maori organisation in New Zealand. The episodes analysed include humour indirectly relating to the Maori language, where the language is not the topic of discussion but its use plays an important implicit role, as well as humour directly focussed on the Maori language, where use of the language is the explicit topic of the humour. Use of the Maori language in these episodes includes Maori greetings, pronunciation of Maori words, the use of Maori lexical items, more extended stretches of Maori, Maori discursive features, and lexical items in English with Maori cultural connotations. The Maori language is used in a humorous context by both Maori and Pakeha staff members, in similar and different ways. Humorous episodes using the Maori language appear to serve a range of functions, including releasing tension (e.g. relating to sensitive issues around the Maori language), marking ingroups and outgroups (and sometimes bonding between the two), referencing Maori cultural norms, and constructing Maori identity.

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22

Prigatano, George P., and Janet M. Leathern. "Awareness of behavioral limitations after traumatic brain injury: A cross-cultural study of New Zealand maoris and non-maoris." Clinical Neuropsychologist 7, no. 2 (April 1993): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854049308401514.

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23

Edmonds, Liza K., Sheila Williams, and Anne E. S. Walsh. "Trends in Maori Mental Health in Otago." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 4 (August 2000): 677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2000.00746.x.

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Objective: This paper outlines the methods used, and preliminary descriptive data collected, in a study on a cohort of Maori and non-Maori patients admitted to the inpatient psychiatric services in Otago between 1990 and 1992. Method: The notes of 42 Maori and 217 non-Maori first admissions to psychiatric inpatients were reviewed. Information concerning this admission was entered onto a database and analysed. Results: The Maori admission rate was 4 per 1000 compared with 1 per 1000 for non-Maori people. This was higher than expected based on Otago population figures. Rates of family psychiatric history did not differ between Maori and non-Maori. Although Maori were found to have higher rates of social welfare support and were more likely to have no academic qualifications the differences were not significant. The sources of referral for Maori admissions were more likely to be from the law, and Maori were more likely to have had prior psychiatric inpatient treatment. The most common diagnosis for Maori and non-Maori was depressive disorders, and suicidal behaviour was common. Conclusions: Maori are overrepresented among first psychiatric inpatient admissions in Otago. They appear to be a more disadvantaged group with respect to financial support, academic qualifications and other health problems. The most common diagnosis did not differ between Maori and non-Maori cohorts.

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24

Salmond, Amiria J. M. "Maori." Anthropology Today 14, no. 5 (October 1998): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2783390.

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25

Langdon, Robert. "Caucasian Maoris: 16th-Century Spaniards in New Zealand." American Anthropologist 93, no. 2 (June 1991): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1991.93.2.02a00100.

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26

Stuart, Ian. "The construction of a national Maori identity by Maori media." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 9, no. 1 (September 1, 2003): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v9i1.756.

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This article discusses the Maori construction of a national Maori identity by the Maori media, and by Maori radio in particular. It then suggests that this is creating a Maori nation within the state of New Zealand. This is an important development for Maori and for the future of New Zealand society. The article suggests that Maori are creating a fully developed identity as required by the radical democratic theories of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, and, as such, will provide a practical case study of their theories.

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Holmes, Janet. "Maori and Pakeha English: Some New Zealand social dialect data." Language in Society 26, no. 1 (March 1997): 65–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500019412.

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ABSTRACTAspects of the extent and nature of the influence of the Maori language on English in New Zealand are explored here within a broad sociolinguistic framework. The current sociolinguistic distribution of Maori and English in New Zealand society is described, and typical users and uses of the variety known as Maori English are identified. Characteristics of Maori English are outlined as background to a detailed examination of the distribution of three phonological features among speakers of Pakeha (European) and Maori background. These features appear to reflect the influence of the Maori language, and could be considered substratum features in a variety serving to signal Maori identity or positive attitudes toward Maori values. Moreover, Maori English may be a source of innovation in the New Zealand English (NZE) of Pakehas, providing features which contribute to the distinctiveness of NZE compared with other international varieties. (Social dialectology, ethnic identity, Maori English, New Zealand English, language change)

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Bushnell, John. "Mental Disorders Among Maori Attending Their General Practitioner." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 5 (May 2005): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01588.x.

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Objective: This paper identifies rates of common mental disorders among Maori and non-Maori consulting a general practitioner (GP), and explores the association between ethnicity and social and material deprivation. Method: Survey of GPs and their patients. Participants were randomly selected GPs (n = 70), and their patients (n = 3414, of whom a subset of 786 form the basis of this paper). The main comparison is between self-identified ethnicity, mental disorder assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, and social and material deprivation measured by NZDep2001 (an area based measure), and an individualized index of deprivation. Results: Rates of mental disorder among Maori general practice attenders were higher than among non-Maori. Overall, Maori women attenders were twice as likely as non-Maori women attenders to have a diagnosable mental disorder. The rates of anxiety, depressive and substance use disorders were all higher for Maori than for others attending GPs. Treatment for psychological problems was offered by the GP at similar rates to both Maori and non-Maori. Although there were differences between Maori and non-Maori in terms of social and material deprivation, higher rates of mental disorder among Maori attending GPs compared to non-Maori cannot be accounted for by these differences alone. Conclusions: These findings support the view that whilst social and material deprivation may play a role in the high rates of mental disorders among Maori general practice attenders, there are additional ethnicity-specific factors involved. Interventions to address Maori mental health (whether by reducing risk factors for mental disorder, by promoting disclosure, early recognition and intervention, or by ensuring access to acceptable and effective treatments) may need to explicitly take those factors into account.

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Ramsden, Eric. "A Dual Personality: The Maori's Place in Modern Society." Mankind 2, no. 1 (February 10, 2009): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1936.tb00918.x.

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Gu, Yulong, Jim Warren, John Kennelly, Pat Neuwelt, and Matire Harwood. "Cardiovascular disease risk management for Maori in New Zealand general practice." Journal of Primary Health Care 6, no. 4 (2014): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc14286.

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INTRODUCTION: Maori are overrepresented in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and morbidity statistics in New Zealand (NZ). AIM: To examine cardiovascular risk (CVR) assessment and management for Maori, utilising Caring Does Matter (CDM) initiative data. METHODS: Using 16 general practices? electronic medical records ? which include ethnicity data ? the rate of CVR screening, CVD medication treatment and adherence levels, and physiological measures for Maori patients at high CVR (=15% five-year risk of a cardiovascular event) were compared to findings for Pacific and non-Maori/non-Pacific patients. RESULTS: Records for 72 351 adults (10 358 Maori; 14%) showed that Maori patients have a poorer CVR assessment rate (46% at guideline-indicated age) than Pacific and non-Maori/non-Pacific groups; when assessed, a greater proportion of Maori patients (38%) were at high CVR. The proportion of high-CVR Maori patients being treated with oral antidiabetic medication (42%) was lower than for Pacific patients but higher than for non-Maori/non-Pacific patients. Lower rates of antihypertensive adherence were found for high-CVR Maori patients than for non-Maori/non-Pacific patients (although higher than for Pacific patients). The high-CVR Maori patients who adhered to CVD medications had lower blood pressure, total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio and HbA1c than non-adherers. DISCUSSION: The association between higher medication adherence and better control of risk factors suggests that adherence should be further promoted by clinicians. More active CVR assessment, treatment and support of medication adherence in Maori attending general practices is justified, given their high mortality rate from CVD in comparison to the overall NZ population. KEYWORDS: Antihypertensives; blood pressure; cardiovascular diseases; haemoglobin A, glycosylated; medication adherence

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REID, AMANDA L. "Two new species of Iridoteuthis (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae: Heteroteuthinae) from the southwest Pacific, with a redescription of Stoloteuthis maoria (Dell, 1959)." Zootaxa 5005, no. 4 (July 28, 2021): 503–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5005.4.3.

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Examination of the Stoloteuthis maoria (Dell, 1959) type specimens held in the Museum of New Zealand, Te Papa Tongarewa revealed that the two female paratypes were not conspecific with the S. maoria holotype male and belong to the genus Iridoteuthis Naef, 1912. Based on this finding, Stoloteuthis maoria is redescribed here to properly define the male and female characters. Its occurrence in Australian waters is formally recognised for the first time; the species was known previously only from New Zealand. The Iridoteuthis taxon was found to be new and is described as I. merlini, n. sp. Like S. maoria, this new species occurs in New Zealand and southern Australia. A second new Iridoteuthis from New Zealand was also discovered among the Te Papa collection and is described here as I. lophia, n. sp. The sucker pedicels in males of this latter species are highly and uniquely modified.

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Meijl, Toon van. "Maori Times, Maori Places: Prophetic Histories (review)." Contemporary Pacific 17, no. 2 (2005): 468–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2005.0063.

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Sachdev, P. S. "Psychiatric Illness in the New Zealand Maori." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 23, no. 4 (December 1989): 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062622.

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This paper compares psychiatric illness in the contemporary Maori with that in the non-Maori New Zealander. The ethnic data available are all from secondary sources. The limitations of this and the problems of achieving a satisfactory definition of “a Maori” are discussed. The data suggest that the Maori have a slightly greater risk of psychiatric hospitalization than the non-Maori. First admission rates for schizophrenia are higher for the Maori, as are the readmission rates. First admission rates for major affective illness are roughly comparable in the two groups, and those for neuroses and neurotic depression are lower in the Maori. Rates of admission for alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence and personality disorders are much higher for the Maori male aged 20–40 years and this group is at greatest risk of psychiatric hospitalization. A larger proportion of Maori are admitted involuntarily, especially under the Criminal Justice Act. The median stay in hospital is not longer for the Maori but their re-admissions are more frequent. The Maori have shown an increase in first psychiatric admission rates since the 1950s, with rapid increases in the early 60s and the 80s. The rates for psychotic disorders have been relatively constant and the most significant changes have been for alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence and personality disorders. The author relates this historical change to socioeconomic and politico-cultural factors, particularly the stress of rapid urbanization.

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Johnstone, Kelly, and John Read. "Psychiatrists' Recommendations for Improving Bicultural Training and Maori Mental Health Services: A New Zealand survey." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 1 (February 2000): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2000.00683.x.

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Objective: In the context of Maori being over-represented as clients, and under-represented as professionals in New Zealand's mental health system, this study ascertained the beliefs of New Zealand's psychiatrists about issues pertaining to Maori mental health. The overriding objective was to gather recommendations as to how to improve bicultural training and mental health services for Maori. Method: A questionnaire involving closed and open-ended questions was sent to 335 New Zealand psychiatrists. Results: Of the 247 psychiatrists (74%) responding, 40% believed their training had prepared them to work effectively with Maori. Recommendations for improving training focused on the need for greater understanding of Maori perspectives of well-being. Recommendations for improving mental health services for Maori highlighted the need for more Maori professionals and for Maori-run services. No psychiatrists thought that pakeha clinicians should not work with Maori clients, but the majority (70%) recognised the need to consult with Maori staff when doing so. Twenty-eight psychiatrists (11.3%), all male, New Zealand born, and with 10 or more years clinical experience, believed that Maori were biologically or genetically more predisposed than others to mental illness. Several respondents offered other racist comments. Conclusions: The high response rate and the many positive recommendations suggest a high level of constructive interest in these issues among psychiatrists. Comparisons with a simultaneous survey of psychologists are made. It is hoped that the recommendations might inform those responsible for training programs and for providing or purchasing mental health services.

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Tauri, Juan, and Allison Morris. "Re-forming Justice: The Potential of Maori Processes." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 30, no. 2 (August 1997): 149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589703000203.

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There have been a number of calls for the implementation of a separate Maori justice system. This paper examines these calls and the practicalities of moving in this direction by drawing from two pieces of research: first, an exploratory study of the views of more than 50 Maori elders on how Maori communities dealt with offenders in the recent past and how Maori justice practices might work in the modern context; and, second, an examination of the philosophy and practice of family group conferences. The paper concludes that Maori justice processes have the potential not only to provide solutions to the over-representation of Maori in the criminal justice system, but also to re-form conventional justice systems. It advocates a reconciliation of Maori and Pakeha justice systems.

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Thomas, David, Brooke Arlidge, Bruce Arroll, and Hinemoa Elder. "General practitioners' views about diagnosing and treating depression in Maori and non-Maori patients." Journal of Primary Health Care 2, no. 3 (2010): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc10208.

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INTRODUCTION: The study investigated general practitioners (GPs) views about recognising and treating depression among patients to establish possible reasons for reported lower levels of diagnosis and treatment of depression among Maori compared to non-Maori patients. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with 23 GPs in the Auckland region, including both Maori and non-Maori GPs, elicited GPs views about risk factors for depression, recognising depression and circumstances in which GPs would prescribe medication or recommend other treatments for depression. FINDINGS: A framework was developed which incorporated the strategies GPs reported using to diagnose and treat depression. This consisted of three categories: (a) how depression is identified, (b) factors influencing treatment decisions, and (c) treatment outcomes. Reasons reported by GPs as most likely to lead to ethnic differences in diagnosing depression were greater stigma relating to admitting depression among Maori patients, Maori patients being less likely to talk about being depressed, and the need for patients to have effective communication with their GP. Effective communication, where Maori patients felt free to talk about personal feelings, was more likely when there was an established relationship between the GP and patient. CONCLUSION: The findings are consistent with previous reports that depression is less likely to be diagnosed by GPs among Maori patients, compared to non-Maori patients. GPs who are able to establish effective communication with patients, gain their trust and take account of the reluctance of some Maori patients to talk about personal feelings, are more likely to diagnose and treat depression effectively. KEYWORDS: Depression; diagnosis; treatment; primary care; Maori; ethnicity; New Zealand

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Hanson, F. Allan. "From Symmetry to Anthropophagy: The Cultural Context of Maori Art." Empirical Studies of the Arts 3, no. 1 (January 1985): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/rxd7-qt05-d4aw-fqka.

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J. D. H. and Gabrielle Donnay have produced an instructive and fascinating analysis of Maori rafter designs. My task is to add a few thoughts from an anthropological perspective, to expand upon their insights by placing them in a broader perspective of Maori art and culture. The article will develop something like the spiral motif that is so common in Maori art, covering an increasingly wide area as it goes along. It begins with a few comments about Maori rafter patterns ( kowhaiwhai), the particular subject of the Donnay's article. Next it relates structures of symmetry and antisymmetry in rafter designs to other elements of Maori art. Finally, it suggests connections between those artistic patterns and other aspects of Maori culture. The discussion will concern traditional rather than contemporary Maori culture-as it was up to roughly the middle of the nineteenth century.

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Durie, Mason. "Mental Health and Maori Development." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 1 (February 1999): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00526.x.

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Objective: The objective of this paper is to illustrate trends in Maori health, examine earlier health policies and to suggest avenues for improved mental health. Method: Several sources of historical and contemporary data have been reviewed and there has been some analysis of mental health policies as they relate to Maori. The interplay between culture, socioeconomic circumstances and personal health has been used as a context within which strategic directions are discussed. Results: Five strategies are highlighted: the promotion of a secure cultural identity, active Maori participation in society and the economy, improved mental health services, workforce development, autonomy and control. It is recommended that mental health services should be more closely aligned with primary health care, Maori youth, Maori-centred frameworks, and evidence-based practices. Conclusions: Improvements in Maori mental health require broad approaches which are consistent with Maori aspirations and coordinated across the range of sectoral and disciplinary interests. Active Maori participation in the process and the retention of a cultural base will be critical if the current trends are to be reversed.

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Mcnicholas, Patty, and Maria Humphries. "Decolonisation through Critical Career Research and Action: Maori Women and Accountancy." Australian Journal of Career Development 14, no. 1 (April 2005): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841620501400106.

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The call for a just social order in Aotearoa (New Zealand) includes the transformation of mono-cultural institutions such as the accountancy profession. Maori women accountants in this research expressed concern about maintaining their identity as Maori while participating in the corporate culture of the firms in which they are employed. These women helped form a Maori accountants' network and special interest groups to support and encourage Maori in the profession. They are working within the organisation and the discipline of accounting to create new knowledge and practice, through which their professional careers as accountants may be enhanced without the diminishing of those values that give life to te ao Maori (a Maori perspective).

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Kennedy, Keith. "The Ancient Four-Note Musical Scale of the Maoris." Mankind 1, no. 1 (February 10, 2009): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1931.tb00836.x.

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Blackley, Roger. "The Arrival of the Maoris in New Zealand, 1898." Emerging Infectious Diseases 7, no. 5 (October 2001): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0705.010531.

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Blackley, Roger. "The Arrival of the Maoris in New Zealand, 1898." Emerging Infectious Diseases 7, no. 5 (October 2005): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0705.ac0705.

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Corson, David. "Restructuring Minority Schooling." Australian Journal of Education 37, no. 1 (April 1993): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419303700104.

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This article looks at organisational and curricular responses to cultural diversity which are presently operating alongside one another in New Zealand schooling. It begins with a critique of the minimal curricular response now recommended for government schools: the incorporation of programs in taha Maori (things Maori) within the mainstream curriculum of schools. It then looks at two recent responses which are structural and curricular: the modification of existing schools to take account of Maori student presence within them; and the development of Nga Kura Kaupapa Maori (Maori culture and language immersion primary schools) which are founded upon organisational and pedagogical features which are consistent with Maori cultural values. Conclusions are drawn relevant to the education of ‘involuntary minority’ cultures in Australia whose structural values and mores are very different from the dominant culture. A comparison of the values of Koori and Maori lends support to the view that Australian education could borrow with profit from the New Zealand example.

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Pitama, Suzanne, Annabel Ahuriri-Driscoll, Tania Huria, Cameron Lacey, and Paul Robertson. "The value of te reo in primary care." Journal of Primary Health Care 3, no. 2 (2011): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc11123.

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INTRODUCTION: The influence of indigeneity is widely recognised as a health determinant; however the impact of the utilisation of the indigenous language on health care has not been closely examined. AIM: To explore the Maori language (te reo) as a determinant of health from a Maori patients perspective. METHODS: Maori patients were recruited through Maori health networks and the snowballing technique. Thirty participants participated in one of three focus group interviews. A semi-structured interview explored the utilisation of health services, comfortability with service delivery and perceptions of general practice surgeries cultural competency. Thematic analysis was utilised to interpret the data. RESULTS: Te reo was recognised as an important cultural competency, noted by participants as contributing to the development of appropriate doctorpatient relationships and their feelings of being valued within a practice. Patient-led use of te reo was identified as most appropriate, an indicator of quality of care. DISCUSSION: The training of primary care staff in te reo should be encouraged. Developed as a competency, this will see primary care settings better able to respond to Maori patients and in turn support Maori health gains. KEYWORDS: Maori health; Maori language; family practice; quality health indicators

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Arroll, Bruce, Felicity Goodyear-Smith, Ngaire Kerse, Melanie Hwang, Susan Crengle, Jane Gunn, Tana Fishman, Simon Hatcher, Sanat Pradhan, and Karishma Sidhu. "Prevalence of depression among Maori patients in Auckland general practice." Journal of Primary Health Care 1, no. 1 (2009): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc09026.

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INTRODUCTION: There has been concern over high rates of mental illness in Maori. Previous studies in general practice have had small sample sizes. AIM: To determine the prevalence of major depression among Maori patients in Auckland general practice using the CIDI and the PHQ as measurement tools. METHODS: This prevalence study is part of a larger randomised trial. The patients were recruited from 77 general practitioners from around Auckland who could provide a private room for interviewing. The patients were invited to participate in the waiting room and all consecutive patients were approached. For this study all patients received a computerised CIDI examination and one third received a PHQ assessment prior to getting the CIDI. The interviewer was blind to the questionnaire results when the patient did the CIDI. RESULTS: There were 7994 patients approached from whom there were data on 7432. The prevalence of Maori in the study was 9.7%. The overall 12-month prevalence of major depression based on the CIDI was 10.1% 95%CI (8.8 to 11.4). For Maori the prevalence was 11.5% 95%CI (8.8 to 14.2) and for non-Maori 10.1% 95%CI (8.6 to 11.3). For Maori men and Maori women the prevalence was 8.5% and 13.4% and for non-Maori men and non-Maori women it was 8.3% and 11.1%. The prevalence of depression over at least the previous two weeks on the PHQ =9 for all participants was 12.9% 95%CI (11.2 to 14.5). DISCUSSION: The prevalence of depression among Maori is high, but not as high as earlier studies. This may be due to the bigger sample size of this study. KEYWORDS: Maori, prevalence, depression, primary care, general practice, New Zealand

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Harris, Graham. "Conservation of relict potato Solanum tuberosum cultivars within Maori communities in New Zealand." Pacific Conservation Biology 7, no. 3 (2001): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc010204.

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It is generally accepted by scholars that potatoes were first introduced to New Zealand in the late 18th century by Captain James Cook and the French explorer, Marion du Fresne. Further introductions of potatoes from a variety of sources including possible direct introductions from South America, followed into the 19th century. Maori were quick to recognize the advantages that these new introductions had over their traditional food crops including kumara (sweet potato) Ipomoea batatas and Taro Colocasia esculentum both of which they introduced from east Polynesia some 800-100 years previously. Potatoes soon became a staple item in the Maori diet and an important trade commodity and by the mid-19th century they were growing thousands of hectares of potatoes for that purpose. The various cultivars that were introduced were given Maori names and many of these early types are still grown by Maori, having been passed down through families for many generations. With their deep set eyes, often knobbly irregular shape, "open" leaves and colourful tubers these "Maori Potatoes" are quite distinctive in appearance from modern potatoes and some retain many of the features of Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena types. This paper discusses the adoption of the potato by Maori, the effects it had on Maori society and the perpetuation of the early cultivars within Maori families and communities. This examination of an introduced crop plant and its intersection with an indigenous people is essentially an ethnobotanical study which in addition to its botanical and anthropological foci includes elements of Matauranga Maori (traditional Maori knowledge) history, geography and horticulture. The preservation of these old potato cultivars by generations of Maori people has made a valuable contribution to conservation of biological diversity.

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Kelly, Jan. "Maori Maps." Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 36, no. 2 (July 1999): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/w126-qw63-n413-816w.

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Lawrence, Helen Reeves, and Mervyn McLean. "Maori Music." Yearbook for Traditional Music 29 (1997): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/768308.

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WALKER, RANGINUI, and PETER WILLS. "Maori victory." Nature 324, no. 6097 (December 1986): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/324508b0.

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Barnett, Shirley. "Maori tourism." Tourism Management 18, no. 7 (November 1997): 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5177(97)00050-2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Maories'

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