Relevant bibliographies by topics / Map projection

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Map projection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Map projection"

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Panigrahi, Narayan, and Cyan Subhra Mishra. "A Generic Method for Azimuthal Map Projection." Defence Science Journal 65, no. 5 (September 11, 2015): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.8598.

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Map projections are mathematical methods for projecting spherical coordinates in the form of (φ, λ) to the map coordinates in the form of (X,Y) in Cartesian reference frame. Numerous methods for map projection have been derived and are being used for preparation of cartographic products. These map projections take into account specific position of the viewer on the datum surface for derivation of the map projections. A generic method for azimuthal map projection where the position of the viewer can be taken at an arbitrary point on the datum surface is derived. Using this generic method all the specific azimuthal map projections can be derived.
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Kessler, Fritz. "Map Projection Education in General Cartography Textbooks: A Content Analysis." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 90 (August 16, 2018): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp90.1449.

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As developments in the field of map projections occur (e.g., the deriving of a new map projection), it would be reasonable to expect that those developments that are important from a teaching standpoint would be included in cartography textbooks. However, researchers have not examined whether map projection material presented in cartography textbooks is keeping pace with developments in the field and whether that material is important for cartography students to learn. To provide such an assessment, I present the results of a content analysis of projection material discussed in 24 cartography textbooks published during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Results suggest that some material, such as projection properties, was discussed in all textbooks across the study period. Other material, such as methods used to illustrate distortion patterns, and the importance of datums, was either inconsistently presented or rarely mentioned. Comparing recent developments in projections to the results of the content analysis, I offer three recommendations that future cartography textbooks should follow when considering what projection material is important. First, textbooks should discuss the importance that defining a coordinate system has in the digital environment. Second, textbooks should summarize the results from experimental studies that provide insights into how map readers understand projections and how to choose appropriate map projections. Third, textbooks should review the impacts of technology on projections, such as the web Mercator projection, programming languages, and the challenges of projecting raster data.
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Kerkovits, Krisztián. "Polyazimuthal Map Projections." Kartografija i geoinformacije 18, no. 32 (December 15, 2019): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32909/kg.18.32.2.

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A polyazimuthal map projection is a mapping that represents parallels as non-concentric full circles on the plane. Polyazimuthal mappings are almost never mentioned in the literature dealing with map projections. However, these projections are flexible; their distortion characteristics are highly mutable. This paper expands the theory of polyazimuthal map projections. Furthermore, this study also shows the derivation for variants of this projection family (e. g. equal-area, orthogonal). The article concludes with some practical applications in the field of low-distortion map projections to demonstrate their advantages.
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Lapaine, Miljenko. "From Conic to Cylindrical Map Projections." Geodetski vestnik 67, no. 03 (2023): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2023.03.363-373.

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In books and textbooks on map projections, cylindrical, conic and azimuthal projections are usually considered separately. It is sometimes mentioned that cylindrical and azimuthal projections can be interpreted as limiting cases of conic, but this is rarely proven. The goal of this article is to show in a rigorous and systematic way how to generally approach solving the problem of transition from a conic to a corresponding cylindrical projection. This article points to the fact that J. H. Lambert showed as early as 1772 that a conformal cylindrical projection is created from a conformal conic projection. Following his idea, this paper shows that not only conformal, but also equal-area and equidistant cylindrical projections can be derived from corresponding conic map projections. Although it seems that the paper deals with quite well known and intuitive property of conic projections, it will also show that the transition from the conic to the corresponding cylindrical projection is not always possible.
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Okonek, Christian, and Andrei Teleman. "A wall-crossing formula for degrees of Real central projections." International Journal of Mathematics 25, no. 04 (April 2014): 1450038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x14500384.

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The main result is a wall-crossing formula for central projections defined on submanifolds of a Real projective space. Our formula gives the jump of the degree of such a projection when the center of the projection varies. The fact that the degree depends on the projection is a new phenomenon, specific to Real algebraic geometry. We illustrate this phenomenon in many interesting situations. The crucial assumption on the class of maps we consider is relative orientability, a condition which allows us to define a ℤ-valued degree map in a coherent way. We end the article with several examples, e.g. the pole placement map associated with a quotient, the Wronski map, and a new version of the Real subspace problem.
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Rees, W. G. "A new bipolar map projection." Polar Record 41, no. 3 (July 2005): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247405004614.

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This paper discusses map projections suitable for representing the whole of the Earth's surface while drawing particular attention to the polar regions, and proposes a new projection. The projection is a latitudinally distorted variant of the transverse Mollweide projection, relative to which it roughly doubles the linear scale and trebles the areal coverage of the polar regions. It was adopted by the Scott Polar Research Institute in 2005.
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Lapaine, Miljenko, and Nedjeljko Frančula. "Polar and Equatorial Aspects of Map Projections?" Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-71-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> There is no standard or generally accepted terminology of aspect in the theory of map projections. The term is probably derived from the concept that a graticule is produced by perspective projection of the meridians and parallels on a sphere onto a developable surface. Developable surfaces are widely accepted, and it is almost impossible to find a publication that deals with map projections in general and without developable surfaces story. If found, it usually classifies projections as cylindrical, conical and azimuthal, and applies developable surfaces to define the projection aspect. This paper explains why applying developable surfaces in the interpretation of map projections is not recommended, nor defining the aspect of all projections by the position of a midpoint as polar, equatorial, or oblique. In fact, defining a projection aspect this way is invalid in general, and obscures the fact that the aspect depends on the class to which a particular map projection belongs.</p>
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Lapaine, Miljenko. "Map Projection Article on Wikipedia." Advances in Cartography and GIScience of the ICA 1 (July 3, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-adv-1-10-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> People often look up information on Wikipedia and generally consider that information credible. The present paper investigates the article Map projection in the English Wikipedia. In essence, map projections are based on mathematical formulas, which is why the author proposes a mathematical approach to them. Weaknesses in the Wikipedia article Map projection are indicated, hoping it is going to be improved in the near future.</p>
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Strebe, Daniel. "Given the problem of projection, are heat maps an oxymoron?" Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-352-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> With the proliferation of data analysis and visualization tools, we see more and more heat maps. But should we? Are such displays meaningful? At large scales, heat maps need not be controversial (though common tools can blight even simple cases). But what about small-scale maps? Is anyone thinking about the effects of projection on heat maps? How do map projections change the semantics of heat maps? What projections permit meaningful heat maps? How should heat maps be calculated in the presence of a map projection? We explore these problems and questions in this presentation to offer critique and advice.</p><p>For the purposes of this discussion, a heat map is a representation of the density or magnitude of a spatial phenomenon on two dimensions, treating the density or magnitude as a continuous measure whether or not the underlying phenomenon is continuous. If the data are too sparse in the presentation space, then the fiction of continuity ought to be avoided; a heat map would not be an appropriate visualization. While real world examples of heat maps that violate this principle are easy to find, we take the principle for granted and do not elaborate further here.</p><p>Unfortunately, there are several other ways to construct ineffective heat maps. One of the primary offenses is to ignore the effect of map projection on the presentation of density. It should be clear that a projection whose area measure varies widely across the presentation space necessarily distorts density. If the heat map is a presentation of density &amp;ndash; which most are &amp;ndash; then poor choice of projection would contradict the purpose of a heat map. The result would be a blatant fiction. Surprisingly, the Mercator projection often can be found in small scale heat maps, for the reason that the projection is common, is the default in many sets of tooling, and is sometimes the only projection available with the set of map construction tools. And yet, as far as density variation goes, a worse case than Mercator cannot be found among common projections.</p><p>Even if density remains constant across the map, a poor heat map could be generated if the analysis for the heat map mixes phenomenon space, which is geographic, with projected space, which is not. Common tools commit this fallacy. The result is that a phenomenon whose density diminishes radially (for example) from a hot point might show as concentric circles of decreasing intensity on the projected map, whereas we would expect elongations of the heat field in accordance with the projection’s distortion metric.</p><p>We conclude that, while it is possible to construct responsible heat maps of geographic data, there are several pitfalls. Among these pitfalls, we find that common tools conspire to assist in the presentation of fiction instead of fact.</p>
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Yildirim, Faruk, and Fatih Kadi. "Proposed single-zone map projection system for Turkey." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 112, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2021-0006.

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Abstract The coordinate base of the maps or sheets produced is the Universal Transversal Mercator (UTM) conformal projection, and it is not possible to work in a single coordinate system in Turkey. Therefore, a transition from UTM to other conformal projections is required. For the countries extending in an east–west UTM zone width like Turkey, composite projection (CP), a double standard paralleling Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) and double map projections (DP) are used widely. However, this process causes increase in working load and processing errors by users. This study aims to determine a common projection system that can be used in the whole country. In this context, a composite projection from UTM and LCC projection has been defined for the first time. According to the results obtained, map projection CP with the least distortion values in both east–west and north–south directions has been chosen. With the CP selection, a single coordinate system has been determined for medium- and large-scale maps. Projection correction formulas, scale factor and false origin have been determined for map coordinates in CP. These distortions are obtained with a difference of less than 1 cm for 1 km long sides and less than 0.003″ for the azimuth value of this side, when the correction formulas are used.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Map projection"

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Cao, Li, and 曹力. "Interactive network rendering based on textured depth map re-projection." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48199448.

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Network Rendering is an important problem in computer graphics and visualization applications. Reduction of the data needed for transmission over the network can greatly improve the performance. Many methods, such as mesh simplification, image tiling, level of detail and user action prediction, have been developed to solve this problem.. In this thesis, a new approach tackling the problem has been explored. A textured depth map (called Terrain Instance Map, TIM) based on re-projection method is introduced to render highly detailed terrain models. TIMs are created by a rendering server with a specified viewpoint from the client. Re-projection of the textured depth map in TIM can satisfy user requests for rendering in the client. In order to achieve an interactive frame rate at the client side and to reduce the workload of the server, a client side cache system is designed to reconstruct in-between screen shots from previously rendered results sparsely provided by the server. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective for network rendering. By changing the projection plane and splitting the viewport into small blocks, Screen Instance Map (SIM) is developed for arbitrary models with or without texture. The implemented network rendering system can satisfy interactive rendering in the client. Compared with existing methods, the new method needs virtually no additional storage space for the server and supports a wide range of inputs other than meshes. Finally, computation of camera frames for the virtual camera control is studied as a part of the network rendering system. A new Single Reflection method (SRM) to solve the rotation-minimizing directed frame (RMDF) problem is proposed and it is shown that the method is more robust and twice as fast than the existing method. Based on the new method, a simple and effective scheme for camera frames interpolation is devised. The methods and concepts introduced in this thesis are useful and effective for interactive network rendering. The TIM and SIM methods can be applied to network rendering for models with or without texture. The SRM method is essential for real-time camera frame computation and its extension can be applied to user interaction for viewing virtual environments.
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Computer Science
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Zhang, Jiaqi. "Accelerating and Predicting Map Projections with CUDA and MLP." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523394255002174.

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Tjung, Jie Wen. "Projection, design, and representation of curves on B-spline surfaces /." This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-040805/.

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Tjung, Jie Wen. "Projection, design, and representation of curves on B-spline surfaces." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41412.

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Chavez, Daniel. "Parallelizing Map Projection of Raster Data on Multi-core CPU and GPU Parallel Programming Frameworks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190883.

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Map projections lie at the core of geographic information systems and numerous projections are used today. The reprojection between different map projections is recurring in a geographic information system and it can be parallelized with multi-core CPUs and GPUs. This thesis implements a parallel analytic reprojection algorithm of raster data in C/C++ with the parallel programming frameworks Pthreads, C++11 STL threads, OpenMP, Intel TBB, CUDA and OpenCL. The thesis compares the execution times from the different implementations on small, medium and large raster data sets, where OpenMP had the best speedup of 6, 6.2 and 5.5, respectively. Meanwhile, the GPU implementations were 293 % faster than the fastest CPU implementations, where profiling shows that the CPU implementations spend most time on trigonometry functions. The results show that reprojection algorithm is well suited for the GPU, while OpenMP and Intel TBB are the fastest of the CPU frameworks.
Kartprojektioner är en central del av geografiska informationssystem och en otalig mängd av kartprojektioner används idag. Omprojiceringen mellan olika kartprojektioner sker regelbundet i ett geografiskt informationssystem och den kan parallelliseras med flerkärniga CPU:er och GPU:er. Denna masteruppsats implementerar en parallel och analytisk omprojicering av rasterdata i C/C++ med ramverken Pthreads, C++11 STL threads, OpenMP, Intel TBB, CUDA och OpenCL. Uppsatsen jämför de olika implementationernas exekveringstider på tre rasterdata av varierande storlek, där OpenMP hade bäst speedup på 6, 6.2 och 5.5. GPU-implementationerna var 293 % snabbare än de snabbaste CPU-implementationerna, där profileringen visar att de senare spenderade mest tid på trigonometriska funktioner. Resultaten visar att GPU:n är bäst lämpad för omprojicering av rasterdata, medan OpenMP är den snabbaste inom CPU ramverken.
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Kalčík, Vojtěch. "Implementace GIS nástroje pro mobilní počítačová zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235465.

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This master's thesis with draft of GIS tool for mobile platforms. The resulting program will be adapted for collection of geographic data in the field. The program will work with standard file formats for GIS. High emphasis is put on the control, which is particular for mobile devices with capacitive display. The program will be designed for both smartphone and tablet. Explanation of the mapping principle and description of geographic information systems are also parts of the thesis.
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Gurgel, Abilio Castro. "Mercator e sua contribuição à cartografia e ao estudo dos mapas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13265.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Abilio Castro Gurgel.pdf: 4860553 bytes, checksum: f5fab47425c9d865850eac6e1f1190ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-14
The primary source of this research is Gerardus Mercator, born in 1512 on Rupelmond Villa, Flanders area, now Belgium, and deceased in Duisburg, on Cleves dukedom, current in western Germany, in 1594. Mercator, besides a cartographer, was calligrapher, carver and engraver in copper plates (used for graphic printing), manufacturer of scientific instruments (compasses, rulers and squares), of terrestrial and celestial globes and, also, map editor. However, is the world map of 1569, in a map projection became different from everything that had in the moment and remained for more than 400 years as standard maps that will be in this Gerardus Mercator s universe the central focus of this work. The chapter 1 of the research contains a brief explanation about the origin of maps and the explanation of geography in antiquity Greek to may understand the basis on which the renaissance cartographers, including Mercator, could resume studies of maps and cartographic projections. The chapter 2 studies Mercator and his social, political and economical contexts, besides the specific Flanders politic, the religious question with the rise of Protestant Reformation and how all this situation was connected with the life trajectory of the cartographer. The chapter 3 will analyze specifically his most famous map of 1569, its finality, purposes, consequences and how it was elaborated. It will be shown what were the differential in relation to other maps made at the time and, mainly, how the Ptolemaic maps was resumed by Mercator
A fonte primária desta pesquisa é Gerardus Mercator, nascido em 1512 na vila de Rupelmonde, região de Flandres, atual Bélgica, e falecido em Duisburg, no Ducado de Cléves, no oeste da atual Alemanha, em 1594. Mercator, além de cartógrafo, era calígrafo, entalhador e gravador em placas de cobre (usadas em impressão gráfica), construtor de instrumentos científicos (compassos, réguas e esquadros), de globos terrestres e celestiais e, também, editor de mapas. Entretanto, é o mapa-múndi de 1569, em uma projeção cartográfica diferenciada de tudo que havia no momento e que permaneceu por mais de 400 anos como padrão para mapas, que será, nesse universo de Gerardus Mercator, o foco central deste trabalho. O capítulo 1 da pesquisa conterá uma breve explicação sobre a origem dos mapas e a explanação da geografia na Antiguidade grega para que se possa entender qual foi a base com a qual os cartógrafos renascentistas, inclusive Mercator, puderam reiniciar o estudo dos mapas e das projeções cartográficas. O capítulo 2 estudará Mercator e seu contexto social, político e econômico, além da política específica de Flandres, da questão religiosa com a ascensão da reforma protestante e como toda essa situação esteve ligada à trajetória de vida do cartógrafo. O capítulo 3 analisará especificamente o famoso mapa de 1569, sua finalidade, objetivos, consequências e como foi elaborado. Mostrar-se-ão quais foram os diferenciais em relação aos outros mapas feitos na época e, principalmente, como os mapas ptolomaicos foram retomados por Mercator
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Mariani, Louise-Laure. "Biosensor imaging of dopamine and glutamate signaling in striatal projection neurons in a mouse model of dopamine depletion." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS511.

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La maladie de Parkinson (MP) est la seconde maladie neurodégénérative la plus fréquente. Il n’y a pas de traitement curatif de la maladie. Les traitements symptomatiques s’appuient principalement sur le remplacement de la dopamine (DA). Le traitement par L-DOPA, particulièrement efficace initialement, se complique à long terme par des fluctuations et dyskinésies. Les mécanismes de la plasticité striatale anormale sous-tendant l’apparition de ces dyskinésies sont mal compris. Le but de ce projet était d’identifier les anomalies des voies de signalisation dans les neurones de projection du striatum en l’absence de DA. Nous avons utilisé chez des souris avec lésion ou non des neurones DA par la 6-OHDA, des biosenseurs permettant l’étude de voies de signalisation en imagerie cellulaire multiphotonique de neurones vivants dans des tranches corticostriatales. Nous avons d’abord mis au point ce modèle combinant injection stéréotaxique de toxine et de vecteur viral chez des souris adultes. Dans certaines expériences nous avons étudié spécifiquement les réponses des neurones de projection striataux des voies directe (NPSd) ou indirecte (NPSi) en utilisant des biosenseurs activés par la recombinase Cre et des lignées transgéniques exprimant spécifiquement cette enzyme dans l’une ou l’autre population. Nous avons utilisé des biosenseurs FRET pour mesurer l’activité de la kinase dépendante de l’AMPc (PKA, sonde AKAR3) ou ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, sonde EKAR-EV) et le senseur calcique GcAMP6S pour le Ca2+ libre cytosolique avec une bonne résolution spatiale et temporelle. Nous avons modulé pharmacologiquement les récepteurs de la DA, du glutamate et de l’adénosine, ainsi que les activités des kinases et phosphodiestérases. Nous avons observé que la lésion augmentait les réponses ERK à la stimulation des récepteurs D1 de la DA dans les NPSd. Nous avons montré une augmentation des réponses PKA dans ces neurones pouvant être liée à une augmentation de la protéine G stimulatrice d’adénylyle cyclase, Gαolf, ainsi qu’à une inhibition des phosphodiestérases. L’imagerie calcique a mis en évidence une augmentation de l’activité spontanée des NPSd et, de manière inattendue, de la sensibilité à la stimulation des récepteurs AMPA du glutamate des NPSi. En conclusion notre travail utilise pour la première fois l’imagerie biphotonique par biosenseurs dans le striatum dépourvu de DA de souris adulte. Il met en évidence des déficits multiples et distincts de la signalisation dans les deux populations de neurones de projection du striatum et suggère des mécanismes possibles de ces altérations
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. There is currently no cure for PD. Symptomatic drug therapy essentially relies on dopamine (DA) replacement therapy. The spectacular antiparkinsonian effect of levodopa in PD is however hampered by long-term complications, motor fluctuations and dyskinesia in all patients at some time during the disease course. The mechanisms of the maladaptive striatal plasticity leading to dyskinesia are not well understood. The aim of this project was to identify the dysregulations of signaling pathways in striatal projection neurons (SPN) in the absence of dopamine. We used a mouse model of lesion of DA neurons with 6-OHDA and virally transduced biosensors to monitor signaling pathways in live neurons with two-photon imaging of corticostriatal slices. We focused our attention on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and Ca2+ which are known to be altered in the absence of DA. We first set up a reliable experimental model in adult mice, successfully combining 6-OHDA and viral vector in the same unilateral stereotactic injection into the dorsal striatum. In some experiments we targeted the biosensor expression to specific neuronal populations using Cre-dependent “flexed” biosensors. We used mice expressing Cre under the control of the D1 DA receptor (D1R) promoter to target specifically striatal projection neurons of the direct pathway (dSPNs) or the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) to target SPNs of the indirect pathway (iSPNs). We used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors EKAR-EV and AKAR-3 to monitor ERK and PKA activities, respectively. We also monitored cytosolic free Ca2+ with the genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP6S. We used pharmacological tools to modulate glutamate, DA, and adenosine receptors as well as phosphodiesterases (PDE) and kinases activities. We observed that the DA lesion increased ERK responsiveness to stimulation of D1R. Since ERK activation depends on both cAMP and Ca2+ signals, we then investigated these two pathways. We observed an increased activation of PKA in response to D1R but not A2AR. We explored the mechanism of this increased sensitivity using mice deficient for Gαolf, the G protein that couples striatal receptors to adenylyl cyclase. We provided evidence that increased levels of Gαolf contributed to enhanced D1 responses after 6-OHDA lesions and identified a deficit in PDE activity in D1 neurons that was likely to amplify this effect. By monitoring Ca2+ signals we showed an increased spontaneous activity of D1 neurons in lesioned mice. However, unexpectedly the Ca2+ responses to stimulation of AMPA glutamate receptors were increased in iSPNs and not dSPNs. In conclusion, our work using for the first time 2-photon biosensor imaging in the DA-depleted striatum of adult mice confirms and extends previous observations on signaling dysregulations in the absence of DA. It reveals distinct cell type-specific alterations of cAMP, Ca2+ and ERK responses in the two populations of SPNs and suggests possible mechanisms for these alterations
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Larvy, delariviere Ulysse. "Orientation automatique de carte d'environement autour d'une scene locale." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS024.

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Dans cette thèse, nous avons présentons une méthode pour orienter automatiquement une carte d'environnement avec une scène locale.Dans la littérature, de nombreuses méthodes ont besoin d'orienter la carte d'environement pour obtenir une cohérence avec une scène locale. Cette orientation est dans la majorité descas effectuée de manière manuelle par un utilisateur. Nous présentons une méthode pour recaler automatiquement un carte d'environement avec une scène locale. Une caractéristique de notre approche est que nous n'avons pas besoin de créer un modèle 3D complet de la scène locale, ni d'interaction avec l'utilisateur. De plus, nous faisons que de simples hypothèses.Nous proposons un pipeline pour créer une représentation virtuelle de la scène en utilisant nos données d'entrée. Cette représentation comprend la scène globale représentée par la carte d'environement et la scène locale représentée par un objet de référence et son ombre.En utilisant la connaissance de la position de la source lumineuse principale sur la carte d'environnement, nous pouvons simuler l'éclairage et projeter une ombre sur le sol. Il est alors possible de comparer la forme de l'ombre calculée avec celle de l'ombre d'entrée pour récupérer la position correcte de la source lumineuse principale. L'orientation finale de la carte d'environement est directement liée à la position de cette source lumineuse principale.Nous fournissons une évaluation de l'approche proposée en calculant deux métriques qui comparent notre estimation d'angle avec les directions réelles au sol. Notre estimation d'orientation montre que notre méthode récupère une orientation de carte d'environement correcte
In this thesis, we have presented a method to register an environment map with a local scene automatically.In the literature, many methods need to orient the environmental map to be coherent with a local scene. This orientation is mostly done manually by a user. We present a method to register an environment map with a local scene automatically. A characteristic of our approach is that we do not need to create a complete 3D model of the local scene or have interaction with the user. Moreover, we are making simple assumptions.We propose a pipeline to create a virtual representation of the scene using our input data. This representation includes the global scene represented by the environment map and the local scene represented by a reference object and its shadow.By using the knowledge of the position of the main light source on the environment map, we can simulate the lighting and project a computed shadow on the ground. It is possible to compare the computed shadow shape with the input one to recover the correct position of the main light source. The final orientation of the environment map is directly related to the position of this main light source.We provide an evaluation of the proposed approach by calculating two metrics that compare our angle estimate with actual ground truth directions. Our orientation estimation shows that our method recovers a correct environment map orientation.In this thesis, we are interested in real input data. The environment map and the local scene are extracted from photographs or videos, which already contain a lighting rendering. It is therefore important to orient the environment map in a way that is consistent with the existing lighting in the local scene.We propose an automatic method, to orient an environment map to a local scene. This method is inspired by the behavior of light, drawing rays of light towards an object and attempting to match two shadows, one given as input and one calculated.We also use 3D data from the object we are considering. The originality is that we base our method on the way light behaves in order to calculate and match shadows. By matching the shadows, we can estimate the correct position of the environment map
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Paulovich, Fernando Vieira. "Mapeamento de dados multi-dimensionais - integrando mineração e visualização." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-04032009-145018/.

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As técnicas de projeção ou posicionamento de pontos no plano, que servem para mapear dados multi-dimensionais em espaços visuais, sempre despertaram grande interesse da comunidade de visualização e análise de dados por representarem uma forma útil de exploração baseada em relações de similaridade e correlação. Apesar disso, muitos problemas ainda são encontrados em tais técnicas, limitando suas aplicações. Em especial, as técnicas de projeção multi-dimensional de maior qualidade têm custo computacional proibitivo para grandes conjuntos de dados. Adicionalmente, problemas referentes à escalabilidade visual, isto é, à capacidade da metáfora visual empregada de representar dados de forma compacta e amigável, são recorrentes. Esta tese trata o problema da projeção multi-dimensional de vários pontos de vista, propondo técnicas que resolvem, até certo ponto, cada um dos problemas verificados. Também é fato que a complexidade e o tamanho dos conjuntos de dados indicam que a visualização deve trabalhar em conjunto com técnicas de mineração, tanto embutidas no processo de mapeamento, como por meio de ferramentas auxiliares de interpretação. Nesta tese incorporamos alguns aspectos de mineração integrados ao processo de visualização multi-dimensional, principalmente na aplicação de projeções para visualização de coleções de documentos, propondo uma estratégia de extração de tópicos. Como suporte ao desenvolvimento e teste dessas técnicas, foram criados diferentes sistemas de software. O principal inclui as técnicas desenvolvidas e muitas das técnicas clássicas de projeção, podendo ser usado para exploração de conjuntos de dados multi-dimensionais em geral, com funcionalidade adicional para mapeamento de coleções de documentos. Como principal contribuição desta tese propomos um entendimento mais profundo dos problemas encontrados nas técnicas de projeção vigentes e o desenvolvimento de técnicas de projeção (ou mapeamento) que são rápidas, tratam adequadamente a formação visual de grupos de dados altamente similares, separam satisfatoriamente esses grupos no layout, e permitem a exploração dos dados em vários níveis de detalhe
Projection or point placement techniques, useful for mapping multidimensional data into visual spaces, have always risen interest in the visualization and data analysis communities because they can support data exploration based on similarity or correlation relations. Regardless of that interest, various problems arise when dealing with such techniques, impairing their widespread application. In particularly the projections that yield highest quality layouts have prohibitive computational cost for large data sets. Additionally, there are issues regarding visual scalability, i.e., the capability of visually fit the individual points in the exploration space as the data set grows large. This thesis treats the problems of projections from various perspectives, presenting novel techniques that solve, to certain extent, several of the verified problems. It is also a fact that size and complexity of data sets suggest the integration of data mining capabilities into the visualization pipeline, both during the mapping process and as a tools to extract additional information after the data have been layed out. This thesis also add some aspects of mining to the multidimensional visualization process, mainly for the particular application of analysis of document collections, proposing and implementing an approach for topic extraction. As supporting tools for testing these techniques and comparing them to existing ones different software systems were written. The main one includes the techniques developed here as well as several of the classical projection and dimensional reduction techniques, and can be used for exploring various kinds of data sets, with addition functionality to support the mapping of document collections. This thesis contributes to the understanding of the projection or mapping problem and develops new techniques that are fast, treat adequately the visual formation of groups of highly related data items, separate those groups properly and allow exploration of data in various levels of detail
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Books on the topic "Map projection"

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Bazeghi, Abbass. True portrait of the world from a new point of view. [West Linn, OR]: Abbass Bazeghi Equal Area Projection, 1996.

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Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. Map projection publications. [Reston, Va.?: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999.

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Lapaine, Miljenko, and E. Lynn Usery, eds. Choosing a Map Projection. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51835-0.

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Alpha, Tau Rho. Map projections. Menlo Park, Calif: U.S. Geological Survey, 1991.

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Alpha, Tau Rho. Map projections. Menlo Park, Calif: U.S. Geological Survey, 1991.

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Alpha, Tau Rho. Map projections. Menlo Park, Calif: U.S. Geological Survey, 1991.

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Canters, Frank. The world in perspective: A directory of world map projections. Chichester [England]: J. Wiley, 1989.

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Canters, Frank. The world in perspective: A directory of world map projections. Chichester: Wiley, 1989.

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Robinson, Arthur Howard. Which map is best?: Projections for world maps. Falls Church, Va: American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, 1986.

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1915-, Robinson Arthur H., American Congress on Surveying and Mapping., and American Cartographic Association. Committee on Map Projections., eds. Which map is best?: Projections for world maps. Falls Church, Va: American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Map projection"

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Lv, Xiaohua. "Map Projection." In Advances in Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering, 75–105. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0614-4_3.

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Slocum, Terry A., Robert B. McMaster, Fritz C. Kessler, and Hugh H. Howard. "Selecting an Appropriate Map Projection." In Thematic Cartography and Geovisualization, 159–82. 4th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003150527-10.

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Rajaković, Marina, Ivka Kljajić, and Miljenko Lapaine. "Map Projection Reconstruction of a Map by Mercator." In Cartography from Pole to Pole, 31–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32618-9_3.

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Robinson, Arthur H., and The Committee on Map Projections. "Matching the Map Projection to the Need." In Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 49–115. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51835-0_3.

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Marinai, Simone, Emanuele Marino, and Giovanni Soda. "Nonlinear Embedded Map Projection for Dimensionality Reduction." In Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2009, 219–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04146-4_25.

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Marinai, Simone, Emanuele Marino, and Giovanni Soda. "Embedded Map Projection for Dimensionality Reduction-Based Similarity Search." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 582–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89689-0_62.

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Strata, P., M. Zagrebelsky, M. Bravin, and F. Rossi. "Map projection rewiring in the adult cerebellum after lesions." In Neural Circuits and Networks, 169–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58955-3_13.

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Zhang, Linna, Yuehui Chen, Yi Cao, and Yaou Zhao. "RA-KD: Random Attention Map Projection for Knowledge Distillation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 587–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4752-2_48.

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Grafarend, Erik W. "Theory of Map Projection: From Riemann Manifolds to Riemann Manifolds." In Handbook of Geomathematics, 2883–964. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54551-1_53.

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Finn, Michael P., Yan Liu, David M. Mattli, Babak Behzad, Kristina H. Yamamoto, Qingfeng (Gene) Guan, Eric Shook, Anand Padmanabhan, Michael Stramel, and Shaowen Wang. "High-Performance Small-Scale Raster Map Projection Empowered by Cyberinfrastructure." In CyberGIS for Geospatial Discovery and Innovation, 171–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1531-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Map projection"

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Jeng, Elvis Ko-Yung, and Zhigang Xiang. "Forward area light map projection." In the 2nd international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/602330.602346.

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Zhao, Yanwei, Zhenlin Cheng, Hui Dong, Jinyun Fang, and Liang Li. "Fast map projection on CUDA." In IGARSS 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6050125.

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Wang, Wen, Houpu Li, Min Liu, and Yan Tang. "Visualization analysis of map projection deformation: projection selection in the arctic." In International Conference on Optics and Machine Vision (ICOMV 2022), edited by Fengxin Cen and Jianjun Wang. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2634661.

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Zhao, Qi, Miyi Duan, Chang Yin, and Changgui Qin. "Rapid algorithm of raster map projection transformation." In Second International Conference on Image and Graphics, edited by Wei Sui. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.477135.

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Moon, C. W. "The Use of Projection to Extract Range Map." In 1989 Symposium on Visual Communications, Image Processing, and Intelligent Robotics Systems, edited by Bruce G. Batchelor. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.969827.

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Zhao, Hu, Haihong Zhu, Lin Li, and Yong Xing. "COM-based expert system for map projection selection." In Geoinformatics 2007, edited by Manchun Li and Jiechen Wang. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.759722.

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Tanaka, Masayuki, Katsuhiro Fujita, and Masatoshi Okutomi. "Depth map estimation with unknown fixed pattern projection." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2018.8326091.

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van Holland, Winfried, and Willem F. Bronsvoort. "Assembly Features and Visibility Maps." In ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium collocated with the ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1995-0799.

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Abstract Feature modelling is now being used quite extensively in the context of manufacturing of parts. It is shown that the use of features in product models, instead of geometric information only, can be very useful in assembly as well. This is done by introducing two types of assembly features, handling and connection features, and by outlining their usability in several assembly planning modules. It is also shown that in assembly feature modelling the concept of internal freedom of motion can be profitably used. Internal freedom of motion can be represented with visibility maps, which can be transformed using the central projection method. An extension of the central projection method, projecting a visibility map onto a cube, is described.
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Letic, Marko, Kosa Nenadic, and Lazar Nikolic. "Real-time map projection in virtual reality using WebVR." In 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/mipro.2018.8400259.

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Knohl, Lars, and Ansgar Rinscheid. "Speaker normalization and adaptation based on feature-map projection." In 3rd European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1993). ISCA: ISCA, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1993-105.

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Reports on the topic "Map projection"

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Merrill, D. W. Density equalizing map projections (cartograms) in public health applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/290959.

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Soramäki, Kimmo. Financial Cartography. FNA, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.69701/ertx8007.

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Geographic maps have been of military and economic importance throughout the ages. Rulers have commissioned maps to control the financial, economic, political, and military aspects of their sovereign entities. Large scale projects like the Ordnance Survey in the UK in the late 18th century, and the Lewis and Clark Expedition a few decades later to map the American West, are early examples of trailblazing efforts to create accurate modern maps of high strategic importance. Digitalization, globalization, and a larger urban and educated workforce necessitate a new understanding of the world, beyond traditional maps based on geographic features. Many of today's most critical threats know no geographic borders. For instance, cyber attacks can be orchestrated through globally distributed bot networks; just-in-time manufacturing relies on the free flow of goods across jurisdictions; global markets and the infrastructures that support them relay information and price signals globally within seconds. A lack of understanding financial interdependencies was clearly demonstrated by the freezing of credit markets in the last financial crisis and the uncertainty created by Brexit. Ten years after the financial crisis, we are still only beginning to map, model and visualise these critical maps of the financial world. We call for attention to work on a large scale project of "Financial Cartography" to address this gap. In financial cartography, we replace geographic proximity with logical proximity, such as financial interdependence, similarity (e.g., of portfolio or income streams), a flow of transactions or a magnitude of exposures. Similar to geographic maps, financial maps will find many important uses across business, government and military domains. Critically, they are needed for protection and projection of state power, for optimizing and managing risks in business, and in making policy decisions related to the major challenges of climate change, mass migration and geopolitical instability. Fundamentally, cartography is a way that reality can be modeled to communicate information on “big data” sets. Cartography allows one to simplify and reduce the complexity of the data to highlight salient features of the data, and to filter out noise. This makes maps ideal devices to increase the bandwidth by which information can be communicated to its users, for making quick decision based on complex data. In the following pages, we make a case and provide starting points for a research agenda around "Financial Cartography" in three interrelated parts: Maps of Trade Networks Maps of Financial Markets and Maps of Financial Market Infrastructures
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Close, E. R., D. W. Merrill, and H. H. Holmes. Implementation of a new algorithm for Density Equalizing Map Projections (DEMP). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/110708.

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Koopmann, Patrick. Actions with Conjunctive Queries: Projection, Conflict Detection and Verification. Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.243.

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Description Logic actions specify adaptations of description logic interpretations based on some preconditions defined using a description logic. We consider DL actions in which preconditions can be specified using DL axioms as well as using conjunctive queries, and combinatiosn thereof. We investigate complexity bounds for the executability and the projection problem for these actions, which respectively ask whether an action can be executed on models of an interpretation, and which entailments are satisfied after an action has been executed on this model. In addition, we consider a set of new reasoning tasks concerned with conflicts and interactions that may arise if two action are executed at the same time. Since these problems have not been investigated before for Description Logic actions, we investigate the complexity of these tasks both for actions with conjunctive queries and without those. Finally, we consider the verification problem for Golog programs formulated over our famility of actions. Our complexity analysis considers several expressive DLs, and we provide tight complexity bounds for those for which the exact complexity of conjunctive query entailment is known.
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Siegel, Andrew, Thomas Evans, Erik Draeger, Jack Deslippe, Marianne Francois, Timothy Germann, Daniel Martin, and William Hart. Map Applications to Target Exascale Architecture with Machine-Specific Performance Analysis, Including Challenges and Projections. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1838979.

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Merrill, D. W., S. Selvin, E. R. Close, and H. H. Holmes. Use of density equalizing map projections (DEMP) in the analysis of childhood cancer in four California counties. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10117532.

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Matthews, Stephen N., Louis Iverson, Matthew Peters, and Anantha Prasad. Assessing potential climate change pressures across the conterminous United States. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6941248.ch.

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The maps and tables presented here represent potential variability of projected climate change across the conterminous United States during three 30-year periods in this century and emphasizes the importance of evaluating multiple signals of change across large spatial domains. Maps of growing degree days, plant hardiness zones, heat zones, and cumulative drought severity depict the potential for markedly shifting conditions and highlight regions where changes may be multifaceted across these metrics. In addition to the maps, the potential change in these climate variables are summarized in tables according to the seven regions of the fourth National Climate Assessment to provide additional regional context. Viewing these data collectively further emphasizes the potential for novel climatic space under future projections of climate change and signals the wide disparity in these conditions based on relatively near-term human decisions of curtailing (or not) greenhouse gas emissions.
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Shaw, Ian E. Construction of Rational Maps on the Projective Line with Given Dynamical Structure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1013471.

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Johnson, F. MEASUREMENT ACCEPTANCE REGION (MAR) ASSESSMENT RESULTS BASED ON THE OCTOBER 2019 SLUDGE BATCH 10 PROJECTIONS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1596922.

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Cornelisse, Tara, and Nadav Gazit. Introduction to Climate Change. American Museum of Natural History, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0158.

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This presentation on climate change is divided into two parts: Part 1 explores Earth’s climate system: Earth’s energy balance, glacial and solar cycles, natural variability buy papers (e.g., Niño and Southern Oscillation), and how volcanoes may effect climate. Part 2 delves into anthropogenic climate change: how the atmospheric chemical composition is changing, impacts of climate change that have already been observed, and projections of possible future scenarios.
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