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Academic literature on the topic 'Map scale'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Map scale"

Ivanov, Sabin. "DETERMINING THE SCALE OF A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP." Journal Scientific and Applied Research 13, no. 1 (2018): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/jsar.v13i1.237.

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Baruque, Bruno, and Emilio Corchado. "WeVoS scale invariant map." Information Sciences 280 (October 2014): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2014.05.005.

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Quintián, Héctor, and Emilio Corchado. "Beta Scale Invariant Map." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 59 (March 2017): 218–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2017.01.002.

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Zhu, Wei, Qingsheng Guo, Nai Yang, Ying Tong, and Chuanbang Zheng. "An Improved Generative Adversarial Network for Generating Multi-Scale Electronic Map Tiles Considering Cartographic Requirements." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 13, no. 11 (2024): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110398.

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Multi-scale electronic map tiles are important basic geographic information data, and an approach based on deep learning is being used to generate multi-scale map tiles. Although generative adversarial networks (GANs) have demonstrated great potential in single-scale electronic map tile generation, further research concerning multi-scale electronic map tile generation is needed to meet cartographic requirements. We designed a multi-scale electronic map tile generative adversarial network (MsM-GAN), which consisted of several GANs and could generate map tiles at different map scales sequentially. Road network data and building footprint data from OSM (Open Street Map) were used as auxiliary information to provide the MsM-GAN with cartographic knowledge about spatial shapes and spatial relationships when generating electronic map tiles from remote sensing images. The map objects which should be deleted or retained at the next map scale according to cartographic standards are encoded as auxiliary information in the MsM-GAN when generating electronic map tiles at smaller map scales. In addition, in order to ensure the consistency of the features learned by several GANs, the density maps constructed from specific map objects are used as global conditions in the MsM-GAN. A multi-scale map tile dataset was collected from MapWorld, and experiments on this dataset were conducted using the MsM-GAN. The results showed that compared to other image-to-image translation models (Pix2Pix and CycleGAN), the MsM-GAN shows average increases of 10.47% in PSNR and 9.92% in SSIM and has the minimum MSE values at all four map scales. The MsM-GAN also performs better in visual evaluation. In addition, several comparative experiments were completed to verify the effect of the proposed improvements.

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Fyfe, Colin. "A scale-invariant feature map." Network: Computation in Neural Systems 7, no. 2 (1996): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-898x/7/2/006.

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Fyfe, Colin. "A scale-invariant feature map." Network: Computation in Neural Systems 7, no. 2 (1996): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-898x_7_2_006.

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Cheng, Y., Y. Yin, C. M. Li, et al. "A MODEL STUDY OF SMALL-SCALE WORLD MAP GENERALIZATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-223-2018.

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With the globalization and rapid development every filed is taking an increasing interest in physical geography and human economics. There is a surging demand for small scale world map in large formats all over the world. Further study of automated mapping technology, especially the realization of small scale production on a large scale global map, is the key of the cartographic field need to solve. In light of this, this paper adopts the improved model (with the map and data separated) in the field of the mapmaking generalization, which can separate geographic data from mapping data from maps, mainly including cross-platform symbols and automatic map-making knowledge engine. With respect to the cross-platform symbol library, the symbol and the physical symbol in the geographic information are configured at all scale levels. With respect to automatic map-making knowledge engine consists 97 types, 1086 subtypes, 21845 basic algorithm and over 2500 relevant functional modules.In order to evaluate the accuracy and visual effect of our model towards topographic maps and thematic maps, we take the world map generalization in small scale as an example. After mapping generalization process, combining and simplifying the scattered islands make the map more explicit at 1&amp;thinsp;:&amp;thinsp;2.1 billion scale, and the map features more complete and accurate. Not only it enhance the map generalization of various scales significantly, but achieve the integration among map-makings of various scales, suggesting that this model provide a reference in cartographic generalization for various scales.

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Fitri, M. S. N., O. Marena, O. A. Hisam, M. Y. M. Hafiz, and A. K. N. Izzati. "Suitability of Open Street Map (OSM) for 1:50,000 Topographic Map." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1051, no. 1 (2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1051/1/012012.

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Abstract Open-source data is open for anyone and everyone for access, modification, reuse, and sharing for particular application. Open-source data is compiled from various sources using public user collaboration. Open street map is one of open-source vector provider. The suitability study of the use of open-source data for the production of topographic maps of various scales is important as a new approach. The importance of the feasibility study of the use of open-source data can help improve the efficiency of the production of mapping products. Many methods of producing topographic maps of various scales use various state -of -the -art technologies for fast and efficient map production. The objective of the study is to check the planimetric accuracy and feature geometry of open-source vector datasets. Conventional methodologies for the production of multi -scale topographic maps are time consuming and involve high costs. Therefore, open-source data is an alternative source for the production of topographic maps of various scales. This data source shows the potential use for generation of multiple data layers such as roads, points, places, waterways, railways, natural, buildings and land use. The planimetric accuracy of open-source vector data is ranging from 2-5 m. The overlay analysis between reference dataset and open-source data show the similarity geometry for 1:50,000 map scale. This method shows a high level of suitability for the efficient updating of topographic data and the production of topographic maps for 1:50,000 map scale.

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Sissakian, Varoujan K., and Saffa F. Fouad. "Geological map of Sulaimaniyah quadrangle, at scale of 1: 250 000." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A GeoKurdistan II, Special issue (2016): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10477.

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Schobbenhaus, Carlos. "The GIS underpinned Geological Map of Brazil, 1:1 million scale." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 158, no. 1 (2007): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2007/0158-0003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Map scale"

Eldridge, Simon Michael, and n/a. "The impact of the scale of mapping on soil map quality." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1997. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060707.102807.

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It is generally assumed that increased map precision (ie map unit homogeneity) and map purity (map unit accuracy) should result from increasing the scale of mapping of the soil resource, since it should enable a more intricate breakdown of the landscape into landform facet based units. This study compared the predictive success of a 1:1 OK scale soil association map with the 1:25K and 1:1OOK scale soil landscape maps within the Birrigai area of the Paddy's river catchment, south west of Canberra, A.C.T. The 1:25K and the 1:100K scale soil landscape maps were also evaluated in a second larger evaluation area in the Paddy's river catchment which allowed more of the larger soil landscape map units to be evaluated. The 1:25K scale soil map was produced by another author for the A.C.T Government, and was surveyed at a substantially lower survey intensity than that for the 1:100K and 1:10K scale soil maps (ie only 0.05 observation sites / cm2 of published map). These maps were evaluated using a set of randomly located independent evaluation sites in each evaluation area, and from these calculating and comparing standard Marsman & de Gruijter(1986) measures of Map Purity. The strength of soil-landscape relationships within this catchment were determined from a Fixed One Way Analysis of Variance, and from more simplistic graphical comparisons of the means and standard deviations of the discrete soil data within these landform based map units. Soil-landscape relationships for the Nominal scale soil data (ie class type data) were evaluated by comparing the Marsman & de Gruijter(1986) Homogeneity index ratings among the soil map units. Intensive survey traverses were also carried out in selected soil landscapes to further evaluate the strength of soil landscapes present. The results revealed obvious improvements in map quality associated with increasing map scale from 1:100,000 to 1:10,000, and these included increases in the predictive success (Map Purity), reductions in the extent of map unit impurities, and planning advantages associated with having individual land facets delineated on the 1:10,000 scale map. The respectable purity ratings achieved by the 1:100,000 scale soil landscape map (ie average purity rating of 63%) was largely attributed to the flexibility of the "soil material" approach to soil landscape mapping. The relatively poor performance of the 1:25K consultancy soil landscape map demonstrated the fact that; any benefit gained from the improved intricacy in the representation of map unit delineation's with increased mapping scale, will be drastically reduced if it is not matched by an associated increase in the intensity of field investigations. Evaluations of the soil-landscape relationships found that the land facets of the Paddy's river catchment generally failed to delineate areas that were both uniform and unique in respect of their soil properties. Soil-landscape relationships were instead found to be quite complex, applying to only certain land facets, and in regards to only certain soil properties. Soil maps with units based on landsurface features were recommended on the basis of the importance of other landscape factors other than soils to land capability ratings, as well as on the useability of such maps. This study recommended the adoption of a " >2 detailed soil profile observations / land facet in each map unit " mapping standard to ensure a reasonable estimate of the variability and modal soil conditions present, as well as a reliable confirmation of the perceived soil-landscape relationships. The error usually associated with small scale mapping was effectively reduced by rapid ground truthing, involving driving along the major roads dissecting the map area and making brief observations of soil exposures on road batters, despite the bias of the road network making such mapping improvements uneven across the map. The major point to come from this study was the re-emphasising of the point that soil spatial variability has to be accepted as a "real landscape attribute" which needs to be accurately described and communicated to land users, and must not be considered as some sort of soil mapping failure. The fact that individual facets of the landscape rarely coincide with unique pockets of uniform and unique soils and soil properties must be considered simply an on the ground reality of nature, and not some mapping failure. It was thought that since other landscape factors (eg hillslope gradient) most often dominate the determination of land use suitability and capability, it is better to effectively describe the range and modal state of the soil conditions within such facets, then to attempt to extrapolate possible soil boundaries using geostatistical techniques which cut across such land facets, and may or may not correlate with real groupings of soil properties, depending on the spatial resolution of the soil variability distribution in the landscape. Even so the results of this investigation do put the validity of the physiographic terrain class mapping model as a predictor of soil traits under question, at least for the more complex landscape settings.

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Jones, Eagle Sunrise. "Large scale visual navigation and community map building." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1905636871&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Miller, Scott N., D. Phillip Guertin, and Lainie R. Levick. "Influences of Map Scale on Drainage Network Representation." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296536.

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Li, Fang. "An automated generalized system for large scale topographic maps." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387080.

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Forrest, David. "The application of expert systems to small scale map design." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284711.

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Al-Bairmani, Sukaina. "Synthetic turbulence based on the multi-scale turnover Lagrangian map." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19080/.

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Synthetic turbulence refers to stochastic fields having characteristics of real hydro- dynamic turbulent flows, which has been useful in the modelling and simulation of turbulence, and for further understanding fundamental properties of turbulent motion. Synthetic turbulence aims to construct the field variables (such as velocity distributions) by simpler processes to reproduce characteristic features of turbulent fluctuations with a reduced computational cost in comparison with a formal numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. A new approach of synthetic turbulence has been recently proposed, which showed that realistic synthetic isotropic turbulent fields could be generated using the Multi-scale turnover Lagrangian map (MTLM). The initial focus of this thesis is on studying the MTLM synthetic fields using the filtering approach. This approach, which has not been pursued so far, sheds new light on the potential applications of the synthetic fields in large eddy simulations and subgrid-scale (SGS) modelling. Our investigation includes SGS stresses, and SGS dissipations and related statistics, SGS scalar variance, and its relations with other quantities (such as the filtered molecular scalar dissipation). It is well-known that, even if a synthetic field had reproduced faithfully the multi-fractal statistics, it may not be able to produce the energy flux across the energy spectrum. Therefore, from the LES and/or SGS modelling perspective, many questions remain unclear, such as the PDF of the SGS dissipation, the amount of back-scattering, among others. They are addressed in this work. It demonstrates that using the MTLM is able to build a synthetic SGS model with a number of good features which many current SGS models (including those for the scalar flux) do not have. We also show that it has advantages in representing the filtered molecular scalar dissipation. In addition, we generalize the formulation of MTLM to include the effects of a mean scalar gradient on the scalar field. Our numerical tests provide the necessary proof that the effects of the mean gradient can be captured by MTLM. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of the input spectra on the statistics of the MTLM fields. We study the effects of the shape of the spectra by using truncated spectra and a model spectra (the Kovasznay spectra) as the input. The additional case, and the additional quantities we examine, have shedded light on how to apply the MTLM technique in simulations, as well as the robustness of the technique. The Constrained MTLM is a new technique generalizing the MTLM procedure to generate anisotropic synthetic turbulence in order to model inhomogeneous turbu- lence by using the adjoint formulation. Li and Rosales [107] derived the optimality system corresponding to the MTLM map and applied this method to synthesize two Kolmogorov flows. In this thesis, we derive a new optimality system to generate anisotropic synthetic turbulence according to the CMTLM approach in order to include the effects of solid wall boundaries, which were not taken into account in the last study. We consider the difference introduced by the solid wall, under the impermeable boundary conditions, where the normal components velocity field are zero, while the tangent components may be non-zero. To accomplish this task, we have modified the CMTLM procedure to generate a reflectionally symmetric synthetic field which serves as a model of the velocity field in a fully developed channel flow. That the MTLM procedure preserves the reflectional symmetries is proved, the adjoint optimality system with reflectional symmetry are derived. We aim to obtain accurate turbulent statistics, and compare our results with computed and experimental results. CMTLM procedure formulates MTLM procedure as an optimization problem with the initial Gaussian random field as the control and some known velocity field as the target. Thus, with the purpose to quantify the contributions of the adjoint operator in the modelling process, the effects of the control variable on the cost function gradient and the corresponding adjoint field is examined. Contours of the mean of the gradients of the cost functions and adjoint fields for three cases with data taken from synthetics CMTLM Kolmogorov flows and from CMTLM synthetics velocity field generated with DNS data as the target are computed. Finally, in order to define a new SGS model to simulate interactions between different length scales in turbulence, we will combine DNS data with Constrained MTLM method. Three data sets are truncated from DNS data with different degrees of resolution, filtered with the cutoff filter with large filter scale, which are then used as target fields to synthesize three CMTLM fields. The CMTLM fields are merged with these target fields. Data from the merged fields are used to predict the SGS quantities, and are compared with exact SGS quantities which have been computed from DNS field. In addition, the statistical geometry between the SGS and filtered quantities for real and predicted data are also investigated.

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Anand, Suchith. "Automatic derivation of schematic maps from large scale digital geographic datasets for mobile GIS." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2006. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/automatic-derivation-of-schematic-maps-from-large-scale-digital-geographic-datasets-for-mobile-gis(653b12bb-7e0c-41a9-aada-e8cf361064a3).html.

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"Mapping is a way of visualizing parts of the world and maps are largely diagrammatic and two dimensional. There is usually a one-to-one correspondence between places in the world and places on the map, but while there are limitless aspects to the world, the cartographer can only select a few to map" Daniel Dorling, 1996 Map generalization is the process by which small scale maps are derived from large scale maps. This requires the application of operations such as simplification, selection, displacement and amalgamation to map features subsequent to scale reduction. The work is concerned with the problem of effective rendering of large scale datasets on small display devices by developing appropriate map generalization techniques for generating schematic maps. With the advent of high-end miniature technology and large scale digital geographic data products it is essential to devise proper methodologies and techniques for the automated generation of schematic maps specifically tailored for mobile GIS applications. Schematic maps are diagrammatic representation based on linear abstractions of networks. Transportation networks are the key candidates for applying schematization to help ease the interpretation of information by the process of cartographic abstraction. This study looks at how simulated annealing optimisation technique can be successfully applied for automated generation of schematic maps from large scale digital geographic datasets tailored specifically for mobile GIS applications. The software developed makes use of a simulated annealing based schematic map generator algorithm to generate route maps from OSCAR® dataset corresponding to a series of user defined start and end points. The generated schematic route maps are displayed and tested on mobile handheld devices shows promising results for mobile GIS applications. This work concentrates on the automatic generation of schematic maps, which, in the context of mobile mapping, are seen as being a particularly useful means of displaying routes for way finding type and utility network applications.

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Gong, Nan. "Using Map-Reduce for Large Scale Analysis of Graph-Based Data." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102822.

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As social networks have gained in popularity, maintaining and processing the social network graph information using graph algorithms has become an essential source for discovering potential features of the graph. The escalating size of the social networks has made it impossible to process the huge graphs on a single ma chine in a “real-time” level of execution. This thesis is looking into representing and distributing graph-based algorithms using Map-Reduce model. Graph-based algorithms are discussed in the beginning. Then, several distributed graph computing infrastructures are reviewed, followed by Map-Reduce introduction and some graph computation toolkits based on Map-Reduce model. By reviewing the background and related work, graph-based algorithms are categorized, and adaptation of graph-based algorithms to Map-Reduce model is discussed. Two particular algorithms, MCL and DBSCAN are chosen to be designed using Map- Reduce model, and implemented using Hadoop. New matrix multiplication method is proposed while designing MCL. The DBSCAN is reformulated into connectivity problem using filter method, and Kingdom Expansion Game is proposed to do fast expansion. Scalability and performance of these new designs are evaluated. Conclusion is made according to the literature study, practical design experience and evaluation data. Some suggestions of graph-based algorithms design using Map-Reduce model are also given in the end.

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Paterson, Stacey. "Soil Spatial Scaling: Modelling variability of soil properties across scales using legacy data." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19895.

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Understanding how soil variability changes with spatial scale is critical to our ability to understand and model soil processes at scales relevant to decision makers. This thesis uses legacy data to address the ongoing challenge of understanding soil spatial variability in a number of complementary ways. We use a range of information: precision agriculture studies; compiled point datasets; and remotely observed raster datasets. We use classical geostatistics, but introduce a new framework for comparing variability of spatial properties across scales. My thesis considers soil spatial variability from a number of geostatistical angles. We find the following: • Field scale variograms show differing variance across several magnitudes. Further work is required to ensure consistency between survey design, experimental methodology and statistical methodology if these results are to become useful for comparison. • Declustering is a useful tool to deal with the patchy design of legacy data. It is not a replacement for an evenly distributed dataset, but it does allow the use of legacy data which would otherwise have limited utility. • A framework which allows ‘roughness’ to be expressed as a continuous variable appears to fit the data better than the mono-fractal or multi-fractal framework generally associated with multi–scale modelling of soil spatial variability. • Soil appears to have a similar degree of stochasticity to short range topographic variability, and a higher degree of stochasticity at short ranges (less than 10km and 100km) than vegetation and Radiometrics respectively. • At longer ranges of variability (i.e. around 100km) only rainfall and height above sea level show distinctly different stochasticity. • Global variograms show strong isotropy, unlike the variograms for the Australian continent.

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Hopfstock, Anja. "A User-Oriented Map Design in the SDI Environment: Using the Example of a European Reference Map at Medium Scale." Doctoral thesis, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25665.

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The ever increasing demand of our information society for reliable Geographic Information (GI) is the moving power for the development and maintenance of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). Consequently, an SDI works to full benefit of its users if the SDI data collection is accessible and can be efficiently used by all users in spatial problem solving and decision-making. Current development and use of SDI focuses on handling geospatial data entirely by means of information technology. Thereby, low awareness seems to be paid to a user-friendly and understandable presentation of geospatial data. Based on the understanding that GI is the result of human geospatial information processing, it is argued that cartography is essential in the SDI context in order to achieve the objectives of SDI. Specifically, the thesis aimed at exploring the concept of user-oriented map design in relation to SDI and elaborating a methodology for creating effective cartographic representations for SDI relevant user types. First of all, the SDI concept, its objectives and principles are explored using the example of the current European SDI initiatives as to the human aspect of an SDI. Secondly, in order to determine the role and task of cartography in the SDI context, the conceptual framework of contemporary cartography is reviewed to provide the theoretical and technological framework for a user-oriented map design. Given this, the SDI environment is assessed in relation to cartography with respect to the services providing access to the SDI data collection. Further, an SDI map production framework is elaborated utilising Spiess’ concept of the graphic filter as a model for the transformation of SDI data into useful cartographic representations. Besides, the map design strategy by Grünreich provides the starting point for developing the process of map production. The main tasks are detailed and justified taking into consideration the semiotic-cognitive and action-related concepts underpinning contemporary cartography. The applied research encompasses a case study which is performed to implement and, thus, evaluate the proposed methodology. It starts from a use case scenario where an international spatial planning team requires getting familiar with the overall geographic characteristics of a European cross-border area. Following the process steps of user-oriented map design in the SDI environment, a map design specification is elaborated and implemented under real world conditions. The elaborated methodology for creating user-friendly and understandable cartographic representations of geospatial data in the SDI environment is based on theoretical and technological foundation of contemporary cartography. Map design in the SDI context, first of all, means to establish a graphic filter that determines the parameters and rules of the cartographic transformation process to be applied. As both an applied art and engineering the design of the graphic filter is a creative process developing a map design solution which enables SDI users to easily produce their map. It requires on the one hand an understanding of map use, map user and map use situation, and on the other hand insight into the data used as the source. The case study proves that the elaborated methodology is practicable and functional. Cartographic reverse engineering provides a systematic and pragmatic approach to the cartographic design task. This way, map design solutions can be built upon existing cartographic experience and common traditions as suggested by the INSPIRE recommendation for portrayal. The resulting design solution constitutes a prototype of a European Reference Map at medium scale built upon existing cartographic experience and common traditions. A user-friendly, understandable and comparable presentation of geospatial data in Europe would support the human and institutional potential for cross-border cooperation and collaboration. Besides that, the test implementation shows that tools are available which make it technically feasible and viable to produce a map from geospatial data in the SDI data collection. The research project raises awareness to the human aspect of SDI inherit in its objective to support end users to derive GI and knowledge from the geospatial data gathered in the SDI data collection. The role and task of cartography in the SDI context is to contribute to the initiation, creation, and maintenance of portrayal services to facilitate a comprehensive access to the underlying geospatial data by means of a user-friendly and understandable graphic interface. For cartography to take effect in the SDI development and use, cartographic design knowledge has to be made explicit and operational. It is the responsibility of cartographic professionals to prepare the map design. The wide range of map use contexts requires a great flexibility of design variants depending on the dimension of human-map interaction. Therefore, the design of the maps needs to be user-driven to enable an efficient map use in the user’s task. Besides their function as a graphic interface, maps facilitate a common understanding of the depicted geographic features and phenomena when sharing GI between SDI users. In other words, map design can be regarded a measure to establish interoperability of geospatial data beyond the technical level. The research work is in the scope of communication cartography, a research domain seeking to deepen the understanding of the role of cartographic expressions when understanding and communication of GI is involved.<br>Der wachsende Bedarf unserer Wissensgesellschaft an zuverlässigen Informationen über räumliche Strukturen und Sachverhalte ist die treibende Kraft bei Aufbau und Einsatz von Geodateninfrastrukturen (GDI). Eine Geodateninfrastruktur wirkt zum vollen Nutzen der Gesellschaft, wenn die Daten in der GDI zugänglich sind und effektiv für Erkenntnis- und Entscheidungsprozesse genutzt werden können. Die gegenwärtige Entwicklung von GDI setzt auf moderne Informationstechnologien bei der Geodatenverarbeitung. Dabei, wird einer bedarfsgerechten und nutzerfreundlichen Präsentation von Geodaten in ansprechender visueller Form wenig Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Da Geoinformation erst durch die Interaktion des Nutzers mit den Geodaten entsteht, ist es Aufgabe der Kartographie, bedarfsgerechte Kartendarstellungen zu gestalten und an der Schnittstelle zwischen einer Geodateninfrastruktur und ihren Nutzern bereitzustellen. Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation ist es, eine Methodik für den Kartenherstellungsprozess in einer GDI-Umgebung zu entwickeln und beispielhaft zu erproben. Zunächst, werden Konzept, Ziele und Prinzipien von Geodateninfrastruktur beispielhaft anhand der Europäischen GDI-Initiativen dargestellt und hinsichtlich des Bedarfs an kartographischen Darstellungen untersucht. Danach wird, ausgehend von der Forderung nach verständlichen und gut interpretierbaren Geoinformationen, die Rolle der Kartographie im GDI-Kontext bestimmt. Dabei werden zunächst Funktion und Aufgaben der Kartographie sowie die tragenden Konzepte und Grundlagen einer nutzerorientierten Kartengestaltung dargelegt. Der Vergleich der bestehenden Geodatenzugangsdienste zur Funktion der Kartographie ergibt eine Lücke, die es zu schließen gilt, um den Nutzeranforderungen gerecht zu werden. Dazu wird der Gesamtprozess für die Herstellung von Karten im GDI-Kontext beschrieben. In diesem Prozess kommt dem Graphikfilter von Spiess (2003) besondere Bedeutung als Modell eines wissensbasierten Systems zur Aufstellung und Umsetzung von kartographischen Gestaltungsregeln zu. Den Ausgangspunkt für die Ausarbeitung der Teilprozesse bieten die von Grünreich (2008) vorgeschlagenen Teilaufgaben der Kartographie im Rahmen der GDI. Mittels eines Anwendungsfalls im Europäischen Kontext wird der vorgeschlagene Gesamtprozess erprobt. Dieses Beispiel geht davon aus, dass eine internationale Planungsgruppe im Zuge der Konzeption einer grenzüberschreitenden Verkehrsverbindung eine anschauliche Beschreibung der Landschaft in Form einer einheitlich gestalteten und flächendeckenden Karte benötigt. Durch Anwendung des kartographischen Reverse Engineering anerkannt gut gestalteter Karten werden die Vorgaben für die Kartengestaltung ermittelt. Einschließlich der Anwendung auf konkrete GDI-Daten wird der zuvor entwickelte Herstellungsprozess ausgeführt und diskutiert. Die entwickelte Methodik für den Kartenherstellungsprozess in der GDI-Umgebung basiert auf den semiotisch-kognitiven und handlungstheoretischen Konzepten der modernen Kartographie. Kartengestaltung im Kontext von Geodateninfrastrukturen bedeutet die Entwicklung eines Graphikfilters, der eine optimale bedarfsgerechte Visualisierung der Geodaten mittels nutzerspezifischer Parameter und Gestaltungsregeln ermöglicht. Wie das Fallbeispiel zeigt, ist es die durch die entwickelte Methodik möglich, brauchbare und nützliche Kartendarstellungen zu gestalten. Die Anwendung des kartographischen Reverse Engineering erlaubt es, Kartendarstellungen zu entwickeln, die - wie von INSPIRE empfohlen - bewährten kartographischen Erfahrungen und allgemeinen Traditionen entsprechen. Das Ergebnis des Anwendungsfalls ist ein Prototyp einer Europäischen Referenzkarte im Maßstab 1: 250,000. Die einheitliche und somit vergleichbare Darstellung über Grenzen hinweg unterstützt das Planungsteam in seiner Arbeit. Die praktische Umsetzung der Karte zeigt zudem, dass funktionsfähige Werkzeuge und Technologien für die regelbasierte Kartenherstellung aus GDI-Daten vorhanden sind. Die Dissertation trägt dazu bei, das Bewusstsein für den menschlichen Aspekt der Nutzung einer Geodateninfrastruktur zu schärfen. Der Beitrag der Kartographie zur Nutzung der Geodaten einer GDI besteht in der Initiierung, Gestaltung und Pflege von Darstellungsdiensten, da die Nutzbarkeit der Geodaten am besten gewährleistet ist, wenn die Gestaltungsmethoden der Kartographie angewendet werden. Dabei liegt es in der Verantwortung der Kartographen, die nutzerseitigen Aspekte dieser graphischen Schnittstelle unter Berücksichtigung der modernen kartographischen Konzepte zu betreuen. Gemäß INSPIRE-Richtlinie werden auf Karten gestützte Informationen bei zahlreichen Tätigkeiten verwendet. Für eine effektive visuelle Informationsverarbeitung durch den Nutzer ist daher eine nutzerorientierte Kartengestaltung in Abhängigkeit von der geplanten Interaktion (z.B. Kommunikation oder Analyse) unerlässlich. Neben der Funktion als Schnittstelle machen kartographische Darstellungen räumliche Strukturen verständlich. Daher ist die Kartenherstellung im GDI-Kontext eine Maßnahme, um Interoperabilität von Geodaten über die technische Ebene hinaus auf menschlicher Ebene zu ermöglichen. Die Relevanz dieser Forschungsarbeit liegt im Bereich der Kommunikationskartographie, die die Effektivität und Verbindlichkeit der Kommunikation über räumliche Strukturen und Sachverhalte zu vertiefen sucht.

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Books on the topic "Map scale"

Quinlan, Julia J. Scale and distance in maps. PowerKids Press, 2012.

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Geographers' A to Z Map Company. London super scale street map. 6th ed. Geographers' A-Z Map Co., 1989.

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(Firm), Roger Lascalles, ed. Tuscany: Large scale regional map. R.Lascelles, 1993.

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Verkehrsverlag, Reise und, ed. Yugoslavia: Large scale national map. Roger Lascelles, 1986.

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Survey, United States Geological. Large-scale mapping guidelines. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986.

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Survey, United States Geological. Large-scale mapping guidelines. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986.

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United States Geological Survey. Large-scale mapping guidelines. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986.

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United States Geological Survey. Large-scale mapping guidelines. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986.

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Yan, Haowen, and Jonathan Li. Spatial Similarity Relations in Multi-scale Map Spaces. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09743-5.

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Mazzarella, Kerri. Map Scale. Crabtree Publishing Company, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Map scale"

Sakr, Sherif, and Anna Liu. "The Family of Map-Reduce." In Large-Scale Data Analytics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9242-9_1.

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Groshong, Richard H. "Elements of Map-Scale Structure." In 3-D Structural Geology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03912-0_1.

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Groshong, Richard H. "Elements of Map-Scale Structure." In 3-D Structural Geology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31055-6_1.

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Guo, Wang, Xiaojun Cheng, and Chaode Yan. "Variable Scale Method and Map Loading Evaluation of Mobile Map." In Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04028-8_21.

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Jánosi, Imre M. "Populational dynamics and coupled map lattices." In Scale Invariance, Interfaces, and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1421-7_8.

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Caselles, V., B. Coll, and J. M. Morel. "Scale space versus topographic map for natural images." In Scale-Space Theory in Computer Vision. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63167-4_38.

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Ferber, Michael P., and Randolph Haluza-DeLay. "Scale-Jumping and Climate Change in the Geography of Religion." In The Changing World Religion Map. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9376-6_10.

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Miyagi, Toyohiko, and Doan Huy Loi. "How to Detect the Previous Large-Scale Landslide: Source of Future Landslides by Interpretation of Ground Topography from Digital Maps." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72736-8_18.

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AbstractLarge-scale landslides often occur in the same place as previous landslides. Determining the location of potential future landslides is crucial and helpful for reducing landslide risk. In this paper, we compared the landslide topography distribution map and the 2011 landslide disasters in the Kii Peninsula to determine the overlap of new landslides in 2011 and past landslides. We found that over 60% of large-scale landslides took place in areas where previous landslides had been identified in the landslide topography distribution map. Following this finding, we created the landslide distribution maps for four regions in Sri Lanka from AW3D data to assess the risk of large-scale landslides.

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Zhao, Shubin. "Multi-scale MAP Estimation of High-Resolution Images." In Advances in Image and Video Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11949534_106.

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Sun, Di, Yangde Lin, Sheng Shen, Zhiliang Zeng, Shizhao Zhang, and Qihang Wang. "Arbitrary Scale Texture Synthesis with Feature Map Swapping." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5600-1_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "Map scale"

Feng, Yixiao, Zhou Jiang, Yongliang Shi, et al. "Block-Map-Based Localization in Large-Scale Environment." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra57147.2024.10610122.

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Xu, Hao, and Chenggang Guo. "MSF-UNet: Multi-Scale Fusion UNet for Guided Depth Map Super-Resolution." In 2024 International Conference on Virtual Reality and Visualization (ICVRV). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icvrv62410.2024.00025.

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Ramakrishnan, Raghu, and Team Members CISL. "Scale-out beyond map-reduce." In KDD' 13: The 19th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2492151.

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Ramakrishnan, Raghu. "Scale-out Beyond Map-Reduce." In 2015 IEEE 22nd International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipc.2015.59.

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Chernov, Alexey V. "SMALL-SCALE MAPPING OF FLOODPLAIN AND RIVERBED COMPLEXES." In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-236-238.

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The article deals with the specifics of making small-scale maps of riverbeds and floodplains. Rivers are linear objects that do not form continuous contours. This makes it difficult to map them and makes it difficult to find new ways to map them. The article shows new ways of mapping rivers and their implementation in the preparation of maps of river channels and floodplains of General purpose, thematic channel maps and channel maps in Atlases.

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Isar, Dorina, Alexandru Isar, and Andre Quinquis. "Multi-scale MAP Denoising of SAR Images." In OCEANS 2006. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2006.306985.

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Isar, A., D. Isar, S. Moga, J. M. Augustin, and X. Lurton. "Multi-scale MAP despeckling of sonar images." In Oceans 2005 - Europe. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanse.2005.1513246.

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Fiedler, David, Michal Čáp, Jan Nykl, and Pavol Žilecký. "Map Matching Algorithm for Large-scale Datasets." In 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010849100003116.

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Budrevicius, Julius Donatas, Lina Papšienė, and Giedrė Beconytė. "Automatic Generalization of Cartographic Data for Multi-scale Maps Representations." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.169.

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The multi-scale base map compiled from the official 1:10 000 framework data is served as the background in the national geoportal map browser. High expectations of the users of this map – both up-to-datedness and comfort of use – are pressing to search for more efficient methods to generate it preserving highest cartographic quality. There are two ways towards that: (a) automated generalization of the georeference base dataset into smaller scale datasets that are then used as sources for the multi-scale web map and (b) automated cartographic generalization of the single source dataset into multi-scale map layers (used in Lithuanian geoportal). As it is commonly believed that generation of Web map layers from separately generalised data sources is more appropriate, the authors performed a research in order to compare the two methods in terms of precision of representations, efficiency of update and communicative quality of the resulting maps. Some procedures that allow for improvement of visualization quality when the second method is used are discussed in the paper. The main conclusion drawn from the research is that a multi-scale map generated by means of cartographic generalization can for many applications successfully replace multi-scale map generated from separately generalized data sources.

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Adhikarla, Vamsi Kiran, Pawel Wozniak, Attila Barsi, Dave Singhal, Peter Tamas Kovacs, and Tibor Balogh. "Freehand interaction with large-scale 3D map data." In 2014 3DTV-Conference: The True Vision - Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D Video (3DTV-CON 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3dtv.2014.6874711.

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Reports on the topic "Map scale"

O'Neill, H. B., S. A. Wolfe, and C. Duchesne. Ground ice map of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330294.

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This Open File presents national-scale mapping of ground ice conditions in Canada. The mapping depicts a first-order estimate of the combined volumetric percentage of excess ice in the top 5 m of permafrost from segregated, wedge, and relict ice. The estimates for the three ice types are based on modelling by O'Neill et al. (2019) (https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-753-2019), and informed by available published values of ground ice content and expert knowledge. The mapping offers an improved depiction of ground ice in Canada at a broad scale, incorporating current knowledge on the associations between geological and environmental conditions and ground ice type and abundance. It provides a foundation for hypothesis testing related to broad-scale controls on ground ice formation, preservation, and melt. Additional compilation of quantitative field data on ground ice and improvements to national-scale surficial geology mapping will allow further assessment and refinement of the representation of ground ice in Canada. Continued research will focus on improving the lateral and vertical representation of ground ice required for incorporation into Earth system models and decision-making. Spatial data files of the mapping are available as downloads with this Open File.

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Nelson, Mark D., Greg C. Liknes, and Brett J. Butler. Map of forest ownership in the conterminous United States. [Scale 1:7,500,000]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rmap-2.

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Lawley, C. J. M., P. Giddy, L. Katz, et al. Canada geological map compilation. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/pf995j5tgu.

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The Canada Geological Map Compilation (CGMC) is a database of previously published bedrock geological maps sourced from provincial, territorial, and other geological survey organizations. The geoscientific information included within these source geological maps was standardized, translated to English, and combined to provide complete coverage of Canada and support a range of down-stream machine learning applications. Detailed lithological, mineralogical, metamorphic, lithostratigraphic, and lithodemic information was not previously available as one national-scale product. The source map data was also enhanced by correcting geometry errors and through the application of a new hierarchical generalized lithology classification scheme to subdivide the original rocks types into 35 classes. Each generalized lithology is associated with a semi-quantitative measure of classification uncertainty. Lithostratigraphic and lithodemic names included within the source maps were matched with the Lexicon of Canadian Geological Names (Weblex) wherever possible and natural language processing was used to transform all of the available text-based information into word tokens. Overlapping map polygons and boundary artifacts across political boundaries were not addressed as part of this study. As a result, the CGMC is a patchwork of overlapping bedrock geological maps with varying scale (1:30,000-1:5,000,000), publication year (1996-2023), and reliability. Preferred geological and geochronological maps of Canada are presented as geospatial rasters based on the best available geoscientific information extracted from these overlapping polygons for each map pixel. New higher resolution geological maps will be added over time to fill data gaps and to update geoscientific information for future applications of the CGMC.

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Lawley, C. J. M., P. Giddy, L. Katz, et al. Canada geological map compilation. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332596.

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Troost, K. G., and D. B. Booth. Cost of 1:12,000-scale geologic map; $500,000: cost of 3D data, priceless. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/221901.

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Connell, Sean D. Geologic map of the Albuquerque - Rio Rancho metropolitan area and vicinity, Bernalillo and Sandoval counties, New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/gm-78.

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This is the most comprehensive compilation of the geology of the Albuquerque Basin to be printed in 30 years. The area covered by this new compilation, though not as large as the earlier map, is presented at a scale nearly four times the detail (1:50,000 scale compared to the earlier map's 1:190,000 scale). This new geologic map is a compilation of sixteen 7.5-min USGS quadrangle maps and encompasses an area from Tijeras Arroyo on the south to Santa Ana Mesa north of Santa Ana and San Felipe Pueblos, and from the crest of the Sandia Mountains westward across the Rio Grande and onto the Llano de Albuquerque (West Mesa) west of the city limits of Albuquerque and Rio Rancho.This geologic map graphically displays information on the distribution, character, orientation, and stratigraphic relationships of rock and surficial units and structural features. The map and accompanying cross sections were compiled from geologic field mapping and additionally from available aerial photography, satellite imagery, and drill-hole data (many published and unpublished reports, examination of lithologic cuttings, and from the interpretation of borehole geophysical log data).The map and accompanying cross sections represent the most informed interpretations of the known faults in the Albuquerque-Rio Rancho area that are presently available. In addition to the positions of many faults, the cross sections show the approximate vertical extent of poorly consolidated earth materials that may pose liquefaction hazards. This map also contains derivative maps selected to portray geologically important features in the metropolitan area, such as elevations of ground water levels, and the mostly buried boundary between generally poorly consolidated and saturated aquifer materials and the more consolidated underlying materials. The gravity anomaly map is a geophysical dataset that shows major geological structures buried beneath the metropolitan area and vicinity.

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Bryan, Elizabeth, Fitsum Hagos, Dawit Kelemework Mekonnen, Demie Abera Gemeda, and Sein Yimam. The diffusion of small-scale irrigation technologies in Ethiopia: Stakeholder analysis using Net-Map. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133847.

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Lonn, Jeffrey D., and Yann G. Gavillot. Geologic map of the southern Bitterroot Fault, Bitterroot Valley, western Montana. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/cbly9091.

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Gavillot, Y. G., S. D. Parker, and D. M. Pearson. Geologic map of the Beaverhead Rock SE 7.5' quadrangle, Madison County, Montana. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.59691/akir4686.

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Harrison, Richard W., Richard P. Lozinsky, T. L. Eggleston, and W. C. McIntosh. Geologic map of the Truth or Consequences 30' x 60' minute quadrangle (1:100,000 scale). New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-390.

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Academic literature on the topic 'Map scale'

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Journal articles on the topic "Map scale"

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Reports on the topic "Map scale"