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Journal articles on the topic 'Map style'
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Christophe, Sidonie, Bertrand Duménieu, Antoine Masse, et al. "Expressive map design: OGC SLD/SE++ extension for expressive map styles." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-21-2018.
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In the context of custom map design, handling more artistic and expressive tools has been identified as a carto-graphic need, in order to design stylized and expressive maps. Based on previous works on style formalization, an approach for specifying the map style has been proposed and experimented for particular use cases. A first step deals with the analysis of inspiration sources, in order to extract ‘what does make the style of the source’, i.e. the salient visual characteristics to be automatically reproduced (textures, spatial arrangements, linear stylization, etc.). In a second step, in order to mimic and generate those visual characteristics, existing and innovative rendering techniques have been implemented in our GIS engine, thus extending the capabilities to generate expressive renderings. Therefore, an extension of the existing cartographic pipeline has been proposed based on the following aspects: 1- extension of the symbolization specifications OGC SLD/SE in order to provide a formalism to specify and reference expressive rendering methods; 2- separate the specification of each rendering method and its parameterization, as metadata. The main contribution has been described in (Christophe et al. 2016). In this paper, we focus firstly on the extension of the cartographic pipeline (SLD++ and metadata) and secondly on map design capabilities which have been experimented on various topographic styles: old cartographic styles (Cassini), artistic styles (watercolor, impressionism, Japanese print), hybrid topographic styles (ortho-imagery & vector data) and finally abstract and photo-realist styles for the geovisualization of costal area. The genericity and interoperability of our approach are promising and have already been tested for 3D visualization.
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Cureton. "A Reading in Temporal Poetics: Elizabeth Bishop's “The Map”." Style 50, no. 1 (2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/style.50.1.0037.
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Shaw, Ruey-Shiang. "The Learning Performance of Different Knowledge Map Construction Methods and Learning Styles Moderation for Programming Language Learning." Journal of Educational Computing Research 56, no. 8 (2017): 1407–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0735633117744345.
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This study focused on the relationships between knowledge mapping construction methods and learning performance. The different knowledge mapping methods (by experts vs. by self-learners) were assumed to achieve different learning performance levels. The results of this study show that neither different knowledge map construction methods nor learning styles significantly influenced individual learning performance. Either of the knowledge map construction methods applied to the programming language learning and the learning scores are significantly higher than average. Learning style does not moderate knowledge map construction methods on learning scores. However, learning style is a significant moderator of knowledge map construction methods on learning satisfaction. Different knowledge map construction methods should be considered with different learning styles to significantly increase learning satisfaction. The results could be used to design effective programming language learning materials.
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Johnson, M. "How effective is your leadership style?" IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 44, no. 2 (2002): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2002.1003645.
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Devlin, Ann Sloan, and Jason Bernstein. "INTERACTIVE WAY-FINDING: MAP STYLE AND EFFECTIVENESS." Journal of Environmental Psychology 17, no. 2 (1997): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1997.0045.
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Bogucka, Edyta P., and Liqiu Meng. "Projecting emotions from artworks to maps using neural style transfer." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-9-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Recent advances in deep learning have facilitated the exchange of styles and textures between input images to create unique synthesised outputs. This paper assesses the applicability of neural style transfer to cartography and evaluates to what degree emotions attached to input images can be preserved in maps co-created by human and algorithm. As a source of emotions we utilized personal paintings created during a workshop with international artists at the School of Machines, Making &amp; Make-Believe in August 2018. The neural style transfer was used as a tool to transfer the characteristics of the artworks onto the map. Differences in emotion perception between human-made textures and generated maps were assessed with an online survey completed by 1187 users. The results confirmed that emotional descriptions remain the same before and after the procedure of neural style transfer. The users perceived artificially generated maps as interesting and visually pleasing artefacts. Artworks with variety of line, point and surface depictions were the most suitable algorithm inputs and achieved better visual results in representing the map content. After analysing the neural style transfer technique and identifying its limitations for cartographic style and map content, we conclude with plausible directions for future research.</p>
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Fang, Jian Wen, Jin Hui Yu, Shuang Xia Han, and Peng Wang. "Real-Time Ocean Water Animation in Cartoon Style." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 2320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.2320.
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This paper presents a model for automatically generating 3D cartoon ocean water animations in real-time. The dynamic ocean water surface model is modeled by a spectral method. The cartoon rendering process is implemented by multipass on GPU: First, we code normal of ocean model and generate normal map. Next, we extract discontinuities from normal map and smooth it into edge map. Finally we combine the edge map with cartoon shading based on a projective texture mapping. Some experimental results demonstrate the prettiness and efficiency of the presented model.
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Jin, Weisheng, Shihui Zhou, and Luhao Zheng. "Map style transfer using pixel-to-pixel model." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1903, no. 1 (2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1903/1/012041.
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Giancola, Marco, Paola Verde, Luigi Cacciapuoti, et al. "Do Advanced Spatial Strategies Depend on the Number of Flight Hours? The Case of Military Pilots." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070851.
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Background: Military pilots show advanced visuospatial skills. Previous studies demonstrate that they are better at mentally rotating a target, taking different perspectives, estimating distances and planning travel and have a topographic memory. Here, we compared navigational cognitive styles between military pilots and people without flight experience. Pilots were expected to be more survey-style users than nonpilots, showing more advanced navigational strategies. Method: A total of 106 military jet pilots from the Italian Air Force and 92 nonpilots from the general population matched for education with the pilots were enrolled to investigate group differences in navigational styles. The participants were asked to perform a reduced version of the Spatial Cognitive Style Test (SCST), consisting of six tasks that allow us to distinguish individuals in terms of landmark (people orient themselves by using a figurative memory for environmental objects), route (people use an egocentric representation of the space) and survey (people have a map-like representation of the space) user styles. Results: In line with our hypothesis, military pilots mainly adopt the survey style, whereas nonpilots mainly adopt the route style. In addition, pilots outperformed nonpilots in both the 3D Rotation Task and Map Description Task. Conclusions: Military flight expertise influences some aspects of spatial ability, leading to enhanced human navigation. However, it must be considered that they are a population whose navigational skills were already high at the time of selection at the academy before formal training began.
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Han, Ting, and Shou Qian Sun. "Product Style Map — An Effective Tool for Product Strategy Planning." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 472–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.472.
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Product is a platform with which the companies and the consumers communicate with each other. The product style contains two kind of information - one from the companies and the other from the consumers side. Product style map is an effective tool for product strategy planning. In this study, word processing technology was firstly investigated including methods of new words identification, words semantic measurement, and new words explanation. Consequentially, Product Style Keywords Map was produced with the fore mentioned technology, dynamic SOM model was adopted to cluster the product style keywords. A visualization and interaction structure was set up based on Flex technology.
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Johnston, Ron. "Which Map? Which Government? Malapportionment and Gerrymandering, UK-Style." Government and Opposition 50, no. 1 (2014): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2014.25.
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Commentators suggest that the UK is entering a period in which general election results are unlikely to produce a clear winner. In such a situation, how and where the constituency boundaries are drawn is crucial, as different configurations of seats in particular places could have a significant impact on an election outcome. Although those configurations are recommended to Parliament by non-partisan Boundary Commissions, research has shown that Labour has been significantly advantaged by their recent proposals because they incorporated the equivalents of two well-known American electoral abuses – malapportionment and gerrymandering. This article illustrates how and why they have operated and discusses how the Conservatives’ failed attempt to remove one of them (malapportionment) and influence the other (gerrymandering) might have impacted on its position prior to the 2015 general election.
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Ory, Jérémie, Sidonie Christophe, Sara Irina Fabrikant, and Benedicte Bucher. "How Do Map Readers Recognize a Topographic Mapping Style?" Cartographic Journal 52, no. 2 (2015): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2015.1119459.
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Hayashi, Mitsuharu, and Ken Nagasaka. "Grid-Style Modular Network Self-Organization Map for Detail Projection of Unknown Off-Shore Wind Speed." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 6, no. 4 (2018): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/jocet.2018.6.4.478.
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Massa, Andrea, Nicola Anselmi, Luca Dall'Asta, et al. "Teaching Electromagnetics to Next-Generation Engineers—The ELEDIA Recipe: The ELEDIA teaching style." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 62, no. 2 (2020): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2020.2970307.
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Andaryati, Arinarita Peni. "Pengaruh Media Peta Sejarah Interaktif dan Gaya Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP di Kota Bekasi." Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah 5, no. 1 (2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jps.051.03.
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The aim of this research is to determining the influence of media learning interactive historical map and learning style to the result of history learning through IPS subject in class IX. The method used in this research is the experimental method, a 2X2 treatment design by level. The validity and reliability are tested by Pearson Product Moment and Alpha Cronbach. The results of this research are (1) the results of historical learning outcomes students using interactive historical maps and have higher visual learning style of students who use historical maps interactive media and have auditory learning style. (2) the results of historical learing outcomes students who have higher auditory learning styles of students who have a visual learning style on instruction using conventional media, (3) There is an interaction effect the use of interactive historical maps on historical learning outcomes.
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Lee, Hyeonjin, and Hyun-Chul Choi. "Artifact-Free Image Style Transfer by Using Feature Map Clamping." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 89489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994140.
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Gröbe, Mathias, and Dirk Burghardt. "Developing and Evaluating Multi-Scale Map Styles: Creating a Multi-Scale Legend." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 13, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-100-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In recent years, the usage of zoomable maps strongly increased. The development of small and cheap electronic devices with wireless internet connection such as smartphones and tablets has made maps nowadays to a crucial part of everyday life. For the navigation and orientation, the user often uses zoomable maps (Muehlenhaus, 2014). Currently the technological development controls the map design and less cartographic design rules, which leads to the impress those current maps have a lower graphic quality. A sample for this trend is the new vector tile based maps, which offer the advantage of rotatable, multilingual maps build on one database (Martinelli and Roth, 2016).</p><p> There is a need for the development of cartographic design guidelines to guarantee consistent map readability over all zoom levels. The infinitely zoomable maps especially vector maps intensify this development. Analog maps had one specific scale, while a series of topographic maps were offered in manageable number of scales in comparison to OpenStreetMaps 20 zoom levels for raster tiles (Anon, 2019). Raster web maps had a number of predefined zoom levels, while vector maps offer the possibility of continuous zooming. This fact clarifies the requirement of research and development of rules for such types of maps.</p><p> A first important task for the fulfilment of this objective is the evaluation of a multi-scale map styles. For this task, we developed the concept of a multi-scale legend. This new tool should help cartographers and designer to create, modify and improve multi-scale map styles. It can help to explore existing map styles, identify inconsistencies and support the design process. We decided to use the legend due to the abstraction of the map style from map content. For visualization of the scale-dependencies for each feature in a row, the scale/zoom level changes in each column. In combination with other map features and zoom levels results a two-dimensional matrix showing the scale-dependent visualization. This legend matrix shows the map features in every zoom level, which allows reaching an overview of the symbolization of features over several scales. In this way, it is possible to check how consistent a map style is in one zoom level as well as over a set of zoom levels.</p><p> Figure 1 shows an example for a legend matrix using the OpenStreetMap Carto style: the representation of selected water bodies depending on the scale is illustrated. Streams and springs always occur together within the same zoom levels. In contrast to the rivers, the width of the streams remains nearly constant across the different scales. It is also visible that the color for the spring differs from the other water features. A multi-scale legend offers the possibility of grouping feature classes by topics (e.g. water bodies, vegetation and road network) as in the example. Other possibilities are geometry, color or occurrence in similar zoom levels. This can help in the search for errors, in the identification of breaks in the symbolization and in the development of continuous symbolization. The result is similar but more illustrative than the ScaleMaster (Brewer and Buttenfield, 2007, 2010), which is a diagram describing how feature classes are visualized depending from scale. Benefits of this legend are clarification of scale depended visualizations and the graphic implementation of design guidelines. A challenge is the implementation for different map styles due to the associated effort and the resulting sometimes very large overviews.</p><p> An on-going technological development takes place, wherefore cartographers should upgrade the design guidelines and methods for the production of current technological, well-looking maps. With the multi-scale legend, we provided a smart legend for a zoomable map. Nevertheless, these new ideas we have developed need more research and should always take the map purpose in account. Further, we would like to apply the multi-scale legend on existing map styles to reach more information about how these styles are working. In addition, we will further develop the multi-scale legend to a documentation of the creation of the map, showing how data is generalized and visualized.</p>
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Denil, Mark. "A Disquisition on Cartographic Style and Taste: with Attendant Remarks upon Aesthetics, Clarity, Design, and Mapicity." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 73 (September 1, 2012): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp73.711.
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The discussions and findings of the 2012 NACIS Conference Aesthetics of Mapping sessions both turned and stumbled upon the definition of terms like aesthetics, clarity, and style. This paper attempts to situate these key concepts, along with others such as design, taste, and mapicity, in a broad and flexible theoretical framework that will facilitate a useful and applicable understanding. A structure is proposed wherein a map, a rhetorical object which exists under the aegis of mapicity (which is that quality of map-ness that makes a map a map), is brought into being through an aesthetic act of design. Design, which has both theoretical and craft aspects, governs the form of the artifact through adherence to conventional practices identifiable as styles. The balance between the choices available is a matter of taste, wherein the schema of mapicity is manifested judgmentally. Clarity, currently seen as a desirable attribute, is one of a range of aesthetic attributes contingently defined by the cultural interpretive community that provides the schema of mapicity.
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Peng, Lei. "Key Technology in a Lightweight WPF-Based Electronic Map Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 678 (October 2014): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.678.70.
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This paper introduces key technology in design and development of a lightweight WPF-Based electronic map engine, systematically analyzes characteristics of WPF technology, designs the structure of electronic map engine components, elaborates on data organization and management, vector and raster spatial data indexing method, presents a electronic map engine specific for nautical map display style.
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Amaniyan, Sara, Vahideh Pouyesh, Yousef Bashiri, Sherrill Snelgrove, and Mojtaba Vaismoradi. "Comparison of the Conceptual Map and Traditional Lecture Methods on Students’ Learning Based on the VARK Learning Style Model: A Randomized Controlled Trial." SAGE Open Nursing 6 (January 2020): 237796082094055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2377960820940550.
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Developing skills and knowledge in nursing education remains a considerable challenge. Nurse instructors need to be aware of students’ learning styles so as to meet students’ individual learning preferences and optimize knowledge and understanding. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the conceptual map and the traditional lecture methods on students’ learning based on the VARK learning styles model. In this randomized controlled trial, 160 students from nursing, nurse anesthetics, and midwifery disciplines with four different learning styles of visual, auditory, reading/writing, and kinesthetic were selected using the convenience sampling method. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (conceptual map method) or control (traditional lecture method) groups. A medical-surgical nursing course was taught to the students in both groups over 6 weeks. Data collection tools consisted of the VARK questionnaire and pre- and postassessments. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via the SPSS software. Teaching using the conceptual map method had different effects on the students’ learning outcomes based on their learning styles. The conceptual map method had a statistically significant impact on the students’ learning in the intervention group compared with the control group in the students with a visual learning style ( p = .036). No statistically significant differences were reported between the groups in other three learning styles. Nurse instructors should assess students’ learning styles based on the VARK model before the application of a particular teaching method to improve the quality of nursing education and facilitate deeper learning.
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Li, Hong-an, Qiaoxue Zheng, Xin Qi, et al. "Neural Network-Based Mapping Mining of Image Style Transfer in Big Data Systems." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (August 21, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8387382.
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Image style transfer can realize the mutual transfer between different styles of images and is an essential application for big data systems. The use of neural network-based image data mining technology can effectively mine the useful information in the image and improve the utilization rate of information. However, when using the deep learning method to transform the image style, the content information is often lost. To address this problem, this paper introduces L1 loss on the basis of the VGG-19 network to reduce the difference between image style and content and adds perceptual loss to calculate the semantic information of the feature map to improve the model’s perceptual ability. Experiments show that the proposal in this paper improves the ability of style transfer, while maintaining image content information. The stylization of the improved model can better meet people’s requirements for stylization, and the evaluation indexes of structural similarity, cosine similarity, and mutual information value have increased by 0.323%, 0.094%, and 3.591%, respectively.
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Gröbe, Mathias, Alexander Dunkel, and Dirk Burghardt. "A new web map for the MeinGrün app." Abstracts of the ICA 2 (October 8, 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-2-8-2020.
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Abstract. The starting point for developing a new map was defined by the requirements of the “MeinGrün” project (can be translated as ‘my green’ project). The aim is the development of a mobile app, which enables routing to urban areas, including suggestions for attractive places for different activities. A specific map style was designed to communicate information related to green spaces effectively and to make users excited about the topic of the project.Among other reasons, we also want to apply our knowledge on vector tile generation and use it in teaching. For the demonstration of our research on generalization, it is beneficial to offer a web map service because such a service allows illustrating developed methods and results. Finally, the experience enables us to train students in the design and development of customized styles for zoomable web maps.The aim is to build a map service with several zoom levels up to small scales using data from OpenStreetMap and NaturalEarth. For better adaptivity, it is aimed to offer the map as vector and raster tiles with the same style. Besides, making high-resolution raster tiles available for retina displays is considered as well. The rationale is that everyone can choose the appropriate method of delivery for different contexts of application. These requirements result in some technological challenges: provide vector and raster tiles at the same time and style, keep the computation time for an update, and generation low. For providing and delivering up to date data, on-the-fly map generalization has been implemented, e.g., scale-dependent selection, simplification, and aggregation of various features.Figure 1 shows our result, a map in warm colors, and a reduced information load for serving a reference map. The visualization of roads with a simple line is unique, but this was also the intension of the applied research project: the production of something unique and easy rememberable for the “MeinGrün” project. The hill-shading uses raster tiles while all other map features work with vector tiles.The data transformation from the OpenStreetMap format to the spatial PostgreSQL/PostGIS database has been applied with IMPOSM, a well-documented and efficient tool. GDAL is used to import the NaturalEarth data and doing some processing steps. PostgreSQL and its spatial extension PostGIS serve in many web-mapping projects as a data store and offer a wide range of options for processing data. After specified queries are applied, the t_rex software generates the vector tiles from the database, which are then packed as MBtiles using mbutil. Finally, Tileserver GL is used to serve vector and raster tiles, including further necessary additions such as style, sprites, and glyphs.To sum up, we already have a working service, which is available on our server with an ongoing blog about the project. Still, it is a work on progress project that needs further research and development. For example, the integration of Wikipedia/Wikidata information for selecting place by their importance, transliteration of no-Latin place names for a world-wide coverage, and more and better labeling of features. Now the map extent is scale depended and covers at low zoom levels the whole world. In contrast, the higher zoom levels are only available in Dresden and Heidelberg to match the requirements of the “MeinGrün” project but will be extended in the future.
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Clauss, Marcus, Dennis W. H. Müller, and Daryl Codron. "Source References and the Scientist's Mind-Map: Harvard vs. Vancouver Style." Journal of Scholarly Publishing 44, no. 3 (2013): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jsp.44.3.005.
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Yıldız, İlkay, Esra Ataer-Cansızoğlu, Hantian Liu, Peter Golbus, Ozan Tezcan, and Jae-Woo Choi. "Deep Ranking for Style-Aware Room Recommendations (Student Abstract)." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 10 (2020): 13975–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i10.7260.
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We present a deep learning based room image retrieval framework that is based on style understanding. Given a dataset of room images labeled by interior design experts, we map the noisy style labels to comparison labels. Our framework learns the style spectrum of each image from the generated comparisons and makes significantly more accurate recommendations compared to discrete classification baselines.
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Wang, Hung-Hsiang, and Chih-Ping Chen. "A Case Study on Evolution of Car Styling and Brand Consistency Using Deep Learning." Symmetry 12, no. 12 (2020): 2074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12122074.
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Brand style and product identity are critical to the core value of a brand. Yet how to identify the style and identity is highly dependent on the human expert’s judgment. As deep learning for image recognition has made a rapid process in recent years, it’s the application of brand style and design features have potential. This investigation assessed the car styling evolution of two car brands, Dodge and Jaguar, by training convolutional neural network. The method used heat map analysis of deep learning and was supplemented by statistical methods. The two datasets in this investigation were the car design features dataset and the car style images dataset. Results using the deep learning method show that the average accuracy of the last ten under verification modes was 95.90%, while 78% of the new cars continue the early brand style. Moreover, Jaguar had a higher proportion of style consistency than Dodge. Results using statistical methods reveal two cars had evolved in two different trends regarding the vehicle length. In terms of the design features, Jaguar had no noticeable design features of the rocket-tailfin. The heat map method of deep learning indicates a design feature’s focus area, and the method is beneficial for future brand style analysis.
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Chi, Dongxiang. "A Natural Image Pointillism with Controlled Ellipse Dots." Advances in Multimedia 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/567846.
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This paper presents an image-based artistic rendering algorithm for the automatic Pointillism style. At first, ellipse dot locations are randomly generated based on a source image; then dot orientations are precalculated with help of a direction map; a saliency map of the source image decides long and short radius of the ellipse dot. At last, the rendering runs layer-by-layer from large size dots to small size dots so as to reserve the detailed parts of the image. Although only ellipse dot shape is adopted, the final Pointillism style performs well because of variable characteristics of the dot.
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., Darmauli. "PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN MIND MAP DAN EKSPOSITORI DENGAN GAYA BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR TEKNOLOGI PERKANTORAN." Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan (JTP) 13, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jtp.v13i1.17993.
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Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah Perbedaan hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran antara siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran Mind Map dan hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori, Perbedaan hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran antara siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar visual dengan yang memiliki gaya belajar kinestetik, dan interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dan gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X, berjumlah 145 orang yang berasal dari 4 kelas. Teknik penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan cluster random sampling. Metode penelitian yang menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian faktorial 2 x 2. Teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA dua jalur pada taraf signifikansi α = 0,05. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran Mind Map, lebih tinggi dari pada hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori, hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar Kinestetik lebih tinggi daripada hasil belajar siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar Visual, terdapat interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dan gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran . Perhitungan uji lanjut dengan uji Scheffe menunjukkan hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar kinestetik lebih tinggi bila diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran Mind Map, sedangkan hasil belajar Teknologi Perkantoran siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar visual lebih tinggi bila diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori. Kata Kunci:strategi pembelajaran, mind map, ekspositori, teknologi perkantoran Abstract: The research objectives are: differences in office technology learning outcomes between students taught with mind map learning strategies and student learning outcomes taught with expository learning strategies, differences in office technology learning outcomes between students who have visual learning styles with which has a kinesthetic learning style, and the interaction between learning strategies and learning styles on the learning outcomes of office technology. The population of this study was all students of class X, totaling 145 people from 4 classes. The sampling technique is done by cluster random sampling. The research method that uses a quasi-experimental method with a 2 x 2 factorial research design. Data analysis techniques using two-way ANOVA at a significance level α = 0.05. The research findings show that: the learning outcomes of office technology students taught with mind map learning strategies are higher than the learning outcomes of students taught with expository learning strategies, learning outcomes of office technology students who have higher kinesthetic learning styles rather than student learning outcomes that have a visual learning style, there is an interaction between learning strategies and learning styles on learning outcomes of office technology. The calculation of further tests with the scheffe test shows the learning outcomes of office technology students who have higher kinesthetic learning styles when taught with mind map learning strategies, whereas office technology learning outcomes of students who have higher visual learning styles when taught with expository learning strategies. Keywords: learning strategies, mind maps, expository, office technology
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Ives, Colton, Vidyasagar R. Sathuvalli, Brooke C. Colburn, and Shawn A. Mehlenbacher. "Mapping the Incompatibility and Style Color Loci in Two Hazelnut Progenies." HortScience 49, no. 3 (2014): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.3.250.
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Pollen–stigma incompatibility in european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is of the sporophytic type and under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). The S-locus was previously assigned to linkage group 5 (LG5) and linked DNA markers were identified. The loci that control leaf color and style color are linked to the S-locus. We investigated segregation for leaf and style color and S-alleles in two progenies, mapped the loci, and compared the two new maps with the LG5 reference map using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Segregation for color, S-alleles and SSR markers fit expectations. The color loci and the S-locus mapped to LG5 between SSR markers B028 and B774. The three maps aligned and the SSR markers were collinear. The SSR markers closest to the S-locus are KG819, KG847, and BR259. In progeny 05050, which segregated for style and leaf color, no recombination was observed between the two traits. Recombination between the S-locus and the style color locus was 5.4 cM in progeny 05050 and 10.1 cM in progeny 00064. The style color locus was placed very close to SSR marker B028 in both progenies. On the reference map, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers 564-500M, 345-1050dF, and 204-950dF and intersequence simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker 815-540dF are very close to the S-locus. The identification of closely linked markers will facilitate the map-based cloning of the S-locus and color loci in hazelnut.
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Cao, Xiaonan. "Ink Art Three-Dimensional Big Data Three-Dimensional Display Index Prediction Model." Complexity 2021 (April 14, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5564361.
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This paper starts with the study of realistic three-dimensional models, from the two aspects of ink art style simulation model and three-dimensional display technology, explores the three-dimensional display model of three-dimensional model ink style, and conducts experiments through the software development platform and auxiliary software. The feasibility of the model is verified. Aiming at the problem of real-time rendering of large-scale 3D scenes in the model, efficient visibility rejection method and a multiresolution fast rendering method were designed to realize the rapid construction and rendering of ink art 3D virtual reality scenes in a big data environment. A two-dimensional cellular automaton is used to simulate a brushstroke model with ink and wash style, and outlines are drawn along the path of the brushstroke to obtain an effect close to the artistic style of ink and wash painting. Set the surface of the model with ink style brushstroke texture patterns, refer to the depth map, normal map, and curvature map information of the model, and simulate the drawing effect of the method by procedural texture mapping. Example verification shows that the rapid visualization analysis model of ink art big data designed in this paper is in line with the prediction requirements of ink art big data three-dimensional display indicators. The fast visibility removal method is used to deal with large-scale three-dimensional ink art in a big data environment. High efficiency is achieved in virtual reality scenes, and the multiresolution fast rendering method better maintains the appearance of the prediction model without major deformation.
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Li, Wang, Guan, et al. "A High-performance Cross-platform Map Rendering Engine for Mobile Geographic Information System (GIS)." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 10 (2019): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8100427.
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With the diversification of terminal equipment and operating systems, higher requirements are placed on the rendering performance of maps. The traditional map rendering engine relies on the corresponding operating system graphics library, and there are problems such as the inability to cross the operating system, low rendering performance, and inconsistent rendering style. With the development of hardware, graphics processing unit (GPU) appears in various platforms. How to use GPU hardware to improve map rendering performance has become a critical challenge. In order to address the above problems, this study proposes a cross-platform and high-performance map rendering (Graphics Library engine, GL engine), which uses mask drawing technology and texture dictionary text rendering technology. It can be used on different hardware platforms and different operating systems based on the OpenGL graphics library. The high-performance map rendering engine maintains a consistent map rendering style on different platforms. The results of the benchmark experiments show that the performance of GL engine is 1.75 times and 1.54 times better than the general map rendering engine in the iOS system and in the Android system, respectively, and the rendering performance for vector tiles is 11.89 times and 9.52 times better than rendering in the Mapbox in the iOS system and in the Android system, respectively.
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Zhang, Lu, Hailun Wang, Zhiyong Hu, and Deyong Wang. "An Enhanced Distributed Localization Algorithm Based on MDS-MAP in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 13, no. 03 (2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v13i03.6857.
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The classical MDS-MAP algorithm is a centralized algorithm, with an increase in nodes, the algorithm attains a high degree of complexity. In order to solve the shortcomings of the positioning accuracy and the computational complexity of the matrix in the classical MDS-MAP algorithm, an enhanced distributed MDS-MAP localization algorithm was designed and realized (EMDS-MAP(D)). The EMDS-MAP(D) </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">algorithm </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">does not need auxiliary hardware facilities, and can be used for the local computation of nodes, thereby reducing the amount of computation and communication .It is suitable for a shielding environment. The algorithm calculates the coordinates of relative nodes without the anchor node, only transformation absolute coordinates need a Global Positioning System (GPS) to locate a certain amount of coordinates (usually less than 10) and the number of the positioning coordinates does not depend on the size of the network. Theoretical analysis and simulation experimental results show that EMDS-MAP(D) can realize distributed computing and improve the positioning accuracy of the node.</span>
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Hou, Xiaotong, and Peng Ti. "A comparative analysis of visualization methods of travel time for schematic road map." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-121-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Schematic map has higher recognition efficiency due to its simplified shape, thus it is widely used in the repesentation of transportation (such as metro map). Because manual design of schematic map is time consuming, many researchers have focused on automatic generation of schematic map. Existing automatic generation methods mainly focus on the development of methods of simplification of road maps. In practice, time information is also important for map users. Several methods on the visualization of time information on schematic maps have been proposed, such as TimeCoutours method (Nicholas et al. 2006) and adding time cues to schematic maps (Haverkort 2014). However, these methods have not been compared and evaluated, which is the aim of this study.</p><p>Existing methods mainly use the “hue, lightness, shape, size, style” and their combinations for map foreground and background. This study evaluates the existing methods from three aspects: usability, efficiency and aesthetic. For example, 1) “With the representation of time information, whether it reduces the clarity of road presentation” evaluates usability, 2) “Is it visually clear for the differences of the time information among roads?” evaluates the validity of the methods aiming at map foreground, 3) “Is it visually clear for the differences of the time information among area?” evaluates the effectiveness of methods for map background, 4) “After adding time information, compare the beauty with figure a.” evaluates aesthetic. There are 30 questions in this questionnaire. 20 volunteers with different majors and educational background are requested to give scores for these questions. A 5-score system is used in this questionnaire and contains “very hard or disturbing, hard or disturbing, commonly, good, very good”.</p><p>The experimental results indicate that: 1) for the usability, the scores of color, size, color-brightness-size and lightness-size are higher than 3, and the usability is high, size-style variable is less than 2.5. 2) for the efficiency, the average score of the method of visualizing map foreground is higher than that of the method of map background. However, the score of background color-brightness-size method is higher than that of foreground style method, and both of them are higher than 3. 3) for the aesthetic, color-brightness-size, color-size and size are more than 3. Style method score less than 2. According the experiment results, it can be concluded that the color-brightness-size method and foreground-size method have higher effects for the visualization of time information. Next, this study will evaluate the applicability of each method and conduct eye-tracking experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods.</p>
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Kirstein, Marina, and Rolien Kunz. "A Whole Brain® learning approach to an undergraduate auditing initiative – an exploratory study." Meditari Accountancy Research 24, no. 4 (2016): 527–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-02-2014-0029.
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Purpose Individual students have different learning styles, and lecturers can no longer afford to ignore this. Lecturers have a responsibility to accommodate students’ different learning styles by including learning style flexibility in the offered learning opportunities. The purpose of this study is to map a teaching case study against the Herrmann Whole Brain® model to determine whether learning style flexibility has been incorporated in the teaching case study. Design/methodology/approach A teaching case study was developed and delivered as part of an undergraduate level course at a South African residential university. The case study’s primary intention was to illustrate the practical evaluation of general controls in an information technology environment. The teaching case study was analysed in terms of the Herrmann Whole Brain® model to determine whether learning style flexibility had been accommodated in the learning opportunity. Findings Based on an analysis of the teaching case study against the Herrmann Whole Brain® model, it is evident that the teaching case study incorporated activities that addressed all four quadrants of the Whole Brain® model. It can therefore be concluded that the learning opportunity incorporated learning style flexibility. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature in accounting education by focusing on learning style flexibility specifically using the Herrmann Whole Brain® model, as it appears that limited examples of the use of this model in accounting education have yet been published. Although this paper discusses the use of an auditing case study, the results may be of interest to lecturers in other subject areas across the academic spectrum.
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Li, Hengyu, Hang Liu, Ning Cao, et al. "Real-time RGB-D image stitching using multiple Kinects for improved field of view." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 2 (2017): 172988141769556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881417695560.
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This article concerns the problems of a defective depth map and limited field of view of Kinect-style RGB-D sensors. An anisotropic diffusion based hole-filling method is proposed to recover invalid depth data in the depth map. The field of view of the Kinect-style RGB-D sensor is extended by stitching depth and color images from several RGB-D sensors. By aligning the depth map with the color image, the registration data calculated by registering color images can be used to stitch depth and color images into a depth and color panoramic image concurrently in real time. Experiments show that the proposed stitching method can generate a RGB-D panorama with no invalid depth data and little distortion in real time and can be extended to incorporate more RGB-D sensors to construct even a 360° field of view panoramic RGB-D image.
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Gao, Zhu, and Xiao Min Ji. "Study on the Semantic Model of Product Form." Key Engineering Materials 458 (December 2010): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.458.8.
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In view of the product shape prototype's information model, based on the fuzzy D-S inference establishment product shape meaning matrix's design style description method, determinates the product conventional shape meaning. Then, the shape description object's meaning word is proposed based on the most superior fondness's meaning connection. Finally, the analysis is carried on based on the design style space and the shape whole appraisal distribution map to the product, established the shape meaning matrix to express as the product design style description model computer formalization.
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Azizah, Ummah Qurrotul, Ekawati Rooselyna, and Masriyah Masriyah. "Students' Analogical Reasoning in Solving Trigonometric Problems in Terms of Cognitive Style: A Case Study." International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies 3, no. 1 (2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ijevs.v3i1.3398.
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This article discusses the analogical reasoning of students' types in solving trigonometric problems based on cognitive styles. This research was conducted at MAN I Probolinggo, eighteen students was asked to complete cognitive style tests and math ability tests. It was found that students' answers can be grouped into two types of cognitive styles, namely systematic and intuitive. From each group, one student was taken to be interviewed with the aim of getting a more detailed explanation of each type of analogical reasoning. The results show that the two types can be explained as follows, first, the type of systematic cognitive style, students can understand the problem given, mention in detail all the information that is known and asked, use all known information about the problem, read and understand the problem, map the structure relational problems, applying a structured way to solve problems that have been planned in advance. In the intuitive cognitive style type, students can understand the problem only by reading the problem once, mention some information that is known about the problem, use the information that is known in the problem, read and understand the problem, apply problem-solving methods. pre-planned but unstructured. Therefore, teachers must encourage and enable students to use analogical reasoning optimally in learning mathematics.
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Christophe, Sidonie, and Charlotte Hoarau. "Expressive Map Design Based on Pop Art: Revisit of Semiology of Graphics?" Cartographic Perspectives, no. 73 (September 1, 2012): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp73.646.
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Is aesthetics an objective in the map design process? This question echoes our long-term research: does aesthetic quality improve map efficiency? In this paper, we discuss the notions of aesthetic response, objective and experience proposed by Kent (2005), and their relevance for making more expressive personalized maps. We first present the state of present research related to these notions and our interpretations. Then we present asystematic approach for rendering geographic data in a cartographic style based on the visual properties of Pop Art; the resulting maps are more vibrant and expressive. We consider this result a first step towards enhancing map quality. The proposition of a Pop Art cartographic style leads us to revisit some theoretical and practical principles of Semiology of Graphics (Bertin 1967), considering our experience with color contrasts and new approach for using texture. We conclude that expressive cartographic renderings would be useful for every mapmaker, and in the context of personalized map design, providing more elaborate tools could improve the design process and the resultant maps. Improving map quality is a question of managing visual variables in a traditional way—according to Bertin’s Semiology of Graphics—but also in a more artistic way, in order to find better cartographic representation according to the preferences, needs, and purposes of the mapmaker.
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Kshetri, T. B., A. Chaksan, and S. Sharma. "THE ROLE OF OPEN-SOURCE PYTHON PACKAGE GEOSERVER-REST IN WEB-GIS DEVELOPMENT." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W2-2021 (August 19, 2021): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w2-2021-91-2021.
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Abstract. This work describes geoserver-rest, an open-source python package that can manage the geospatial data in a geoserver which is helpful for uploading, editing, and deleting the raster/vector layers from various sources. It is also useful for generating the style/legend from the uploaded geospatial data. Thus, generated legend can be used for visualization of maps in the web-GIS platform. The package is successfully used to build the web-GIS portal for agricultural datasets of Afghanistan, which has around 6000 map layers. The main benefit that geoserver-rest provides to this project is the ability to upload the data to the geoserver and create the styles file dynamically. Thus, created style file are directly linked to the corresponding layer and provide the Web Mapping Service (WMS) standard and visualize in an interactive way.
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Ubalde, Josep Miquel, Xavier Sort, and Rosa Maria Poch. "Application of a very detailed soil survey method in viticultural zoning in Catalonia, Spain." OENO One 43, no. 2 (2009): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2009.43.2.803.
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<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The aim of this study was to implement a very detailed soil survey methodology in 1,243 ha of vineyards in Catalonia (Spain) and analyse its suitability for viticultural zoning.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The Soil Taxonomy at series level was used as the basis for classifying soils and delineating soil map units at 1:5,000 scale. A principal component analysis showed that most of the variability of soil properties, which was explained by factors related to water stress, iron chlorosis and vegetative growth, was not reflected exactly in the soil map unit classification. A k-means clustering analysis was proposed in order to group soils according to their potential for vine growing.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: A very detailed soil survey method, based on Soil Taxonomy, could be used as a basic map for viticultural zoning, when was directed at the differentiation of zones of distinct suitability for vineyard growing, by means of cluster analysis.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of study</strong>: This study showed how very detailed soil maps, which can be difficult to interpret and put into practice, can be valorised as viticultural zoning maps by means of a simple methodology.</p>
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Liu, Zheng, and Zhilin Li. "IMPACT OF SCHEMATIC DESIGNS ON THE COGNITION OF UNDERGROUND TUBE MAPS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b2-421-2016.
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Schematic maps have been popularly employed to represent transport networks, particularly underground tube lines (or metro lines), since its adoption by the Official London Underground in early 1930s. Such maps employ straightened lines along horizontal, vertical and diagonal directions. Recently, some researchers started to argue that the distortion in such a schematization may cause big distortion and some new designs are proposed. This project aims to make a comparative analysis of such a schematic design with a new design proposed by Mark Noad in 2011, which makes use of lines along 30º and 60º directions instead of the 45º direction. Tasks have been designed for evaluating the effect of schematic designs on route planning by travellers. The participant was asked to choose the route s/he would take among two or three possible route options and then read the name of the selected transfer station. Eye-tracking technique has been employed to track the map recognition process. Total travel time is used as criterion for effectiveness; completion time and mental work cost are used for efficiency evaluation. It has been found that (1) the design of map style has significant impact on users’ travel decision making, especially map distance and transfer station symbol designs, and (2) the design style of a schematic map will have great impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of map recognition.
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Liu, Zheng, and Zhilin Li. "IMPACT OF SCHEMATIC DESIGNS ON THE COGNITION OF UNDERGROUND TUBE MAPS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-421-2016.
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Schematic maps have been popularly employed to represent transport networks, particularly underground tube lines (or metro lines), since its adoption by the Official London Underground in early 1930s. Such maps employ straightened lines along horizontal, vertical and diagonal directions. Recently, some researchers started to argue that the distortion in such a schematization may cause big distortion and some new designs are proposed. This project aims to make a comparative analysis of such a schematic design with a new design proposed by Mark Noad in 2011, which makes use of lines along 30º and 60º directions instead of the 45º direction. Tasks have been designed for evaluating the effect of schematic designs on route planning by travellers. The participant was asked to choose the route s/he would take among two or three possible route options and then read the name of the selected transfer station. Eye-tracking technique has been employed to track the map recognition process. Total travel time is used as criterion for effectiveness; completion time and mental work cost are used for efficiency evaluation. It has been found that (1) the design of map style has significant impact on users’ travel decision making, especially map distance and transfer station symbol designs, and (2) the design style of a schematic map will have great impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of map recognition.
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Weessies, Kathleen W., and Daniel S. Dotson. "Mapping for the Masses: GIS Lite & Online Mapping Tools in Academic Libraries." Information Technology and Libraries 32, no. 1 (2013): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v32i1.2867.
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Customized colorful maps depicting complex social data are much more prevalent today than in the past.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not only in formal published outlets, interactive map sites make it easy to create and publish custom maps in more casual outlets such as social media.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This article defines GIS Lite, describes three licensed products currently licensed by institutions, and discusses issues that arise from their varied functionality and license restrictions.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
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Atabek-Yigit, Elif. "Can cognitive structure outcomes reveal cognitive styles? A study on the relationship between cognitive styles and cognitive structure outcomes on the subject of chemical kinetics." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 19, no. 3 (2018): 746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8rp00018b.
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Determination of the relationship between individuals’ cognitive styles and cognitive structure outcomes was the main aim of this study. Sixty-six participants were enrolled in the study and their cognitive styles were determined by using the Hidden Figure Test (for their field dependent/independent dimension of cognitive style) and the Convergent/Divergent Test (for their convergence/divergence dimension of cognitive style). An open-ended questionnaire was formed in order to determine participants’ cognitive structure outcomes. The study topic was chosen as chemical kinetics since it is one of the most difficult topics in chemistry according to many students and also there is limited study in the literature on this topic. Key concepts about chemical kinetics were selected and given to the participants and they were asked to write a text by using the given concepts. A flow map technique was used to reveal participants’ cognitive structure outcomes. According to the findings of this study, it can be said that field independent participants tended to be divergent thinkers while field dependents tended to be convergent thinkers. Also, strong positive relationships between participants’ field dependency/independency and some cognitive structure outcomes (extent and richness) were found. That is, field independents tended to have more extended and richer cognitive structure outcomes. However, the convergence/divergence dimension of cognitive style did not show any correlation with cognitive structure outcomes.
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Wang, Li-Jun, Xin Wang, and Ming-Zhang Ren. "Field-Dependent-Independent Cognitive Style in Solving Dynamics Problems." Psychological Reports 92, no. 3 (2003): 867–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.92.3.867.
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251 senior middle school (Grade 11) students were tested on the Chinese Group Embedded Figures Test and Dynamic Problems Test. A 2 (cognitive style) × 2 (sex) analysis of variance indicated a nonsignificant effect with respect to cognitive style in solving easier Dynamics problems but a main significant effect in solving complex Dynamics problems. Multiple comparisons (post hoc t tests) indicated that cognitive style is a significant factor among boys but not girls. The difference between Field-independent students and Field-dependent students in solving complex Dynamics problems may be that the former students more easily form a clear map of motion than the latter students.
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McKenney, Cynthia. "(315) Learning Style Characteristics of On-line Horticulture Students." HortScience 41, no. 4 (2006): 1056C—1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1056c.
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Learning style preferences may impact the success of on-line students in distance education courses. In this study, students from four on-line courses voluntarily completed a modified learning styles assessment instrument. Students attaining a course average of 90% or greater were considered to have excelled in their respective course. The results from these learners were compared to those of students with lower course averages. It was determined the students that excelled in these on-line courses were visual learners that preferred more images and diagrams than textual references and instructions. This was confirmed by their choice of a map rather than written instructions to a new location when compared to their peers. In addition, they were more likely to prefer a class where they used visual skills rather than auditory skills than their peers. The high-performing students were also more likely to lose points on a timed test due to not reading the written information carefully, while their peers with lower course averages were more likely to run out of time on the test. Recognizing these learning style differences may allow faculty to design courses that better suit their on-line students.
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Tait, Alex. "Mountain Ski Maps of North America: Preliminary Survey and Analysis of Style." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 67 (September 1, 2010): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp67.110.
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This article examines mountain ski resort trail maps in North America in 2008. It looks at the styles of maps used by resorts and at the main artists involved in producing the maps. The survey included maps from 428 resorts with additional analysis of maps from the 100 largest resorts. Point of view and creation method are the primary factors in determining the style of each ski trail map. Artists have employed three main types of views for ski mountains: panoramas, profiles, and planimetric maps. Panoramic views are by far the most common type of map (86% of all maps and all of the maps at the top 100 areas). Profile views are used in 8% of the maps and planimetric views in only 6%. Production methods for ski trail maps fall into three main categories: painting, illustrating, and computer rendering. Maps created with painting techniques are the most widespread, in use at 72% of all resorts and at 89% of the top 100 areas. Those created in a hard-edged vector-based illustration style are in use at 20% of resorts and those created through computer modeling and rendering at 3% of resorts.Many artists have created ski trail maps for resorts in North America but one artist, James Niehues, has produced by far the most maps in current use. His maps are in use at over a quarter of all ski areas and at half of the top resorts. Niehues follows in the footsteps of two other Coloradans, Hal Shelton and then Bill Brown, and this Colorado School has been key in the development of a classic painted panoramic style of North American ski maps. Additional research is recommended to provide further details of the history of the maps and their creators as well as to analyze the artists’ terrain manipulations and to look at the growing use of electronic trail maps.
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Hamad, Salah. "Updating Topographic Maps at Scale 1:250000 for Libyan Territory Using Quantum GIS (QGIS) and Open Geospatial Data: Libya Topo-Project." Journal of Geographical Studies 4, no. 1 (2020): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj5.20040103.
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From the beginning of the twentieth century, topographic maps for the Libyan state carried out by various compilers, where the first mapping was carried out by the Italian Military Geographical Institute, the Soviet Union Military, and the U.S. Army, followed by mapping carried out by the Libyan state from the 1950s to the 2000s. Most of these maps have not been digitized and updated using the techniques of geographic information systems and remote sensing. This paper discusses on the objectives, methodology and results of the Libya Topography Project, “Libya Topo” for updating the previously compiled topographical map at scale, 1:250000. Open spatial data from different platforms (OSM, Logistics Cluster, Landsat 8 satellite imagery, and SRTM data, etc.). Also, POIs extracted from previously compiled topographic and geological maps. Spatial database for each UTM zone created to store the features and raster. As for the cartographic style, the map layout adopted is the style of the U.S. Defense Mapping Agency maps. The results of the project are an update of 121 topographical map sheets using Quantum (GIS), those will be freely available for the interested users on request (e.g., environmentalists, academics, and university students, etc.).
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양원석. "Research on Campus Map Graphic Information through Analysis of User Coloring Expression - Development of a "Participation Style Map" in Platform Study -." Journal of Integrated Design Research 10, no. 2 (2011): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21195/jidr.2011.10.2.001.
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Iwai and Murayama. "Geographical Analysis on the Projection and Distortion of INŌ’s Tokyo Map in 1817." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 10 (2019): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8100452.
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The history of modern maps in Japan begins with the Japan maps (called INŌ’s maps) prepared by Tadataka Inō after he thoroughly surveyed the whole of Japan around 200 years ago. The purpose of this study was to investigate the precision degree of INŌ’s Tokyo map by overlaying it with present maps and analyzing the map style (map projection, map scale, etc.). Specifically, we quantitatively examined the spatial distortion of INŌ’s maps through comparisons with the present map using GIS (geographic information system), a spatial analysis tool. Furthermore, by examining various factors that caused the positional gap and distortion of features, we explored the actual situation of surveying in that age from a geographical viewpoint. As a result of the analysis, a particular spatial regularity was confirmed in the positional gaps with the present map. We found that INŌ’s Tokyo map had considerably high precision. The causes of positional gaps from the present map were related not only to natural conditions, such as areas and land but also to social and cultural phenomena.
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Genotte, Jean-François. "THE MAPA DE OTUMBA." Ancient Mesoamerica 12, no. 1 (2001): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536101121073.
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The Mapa de Otumba, a sixteenth-century document (1550–1575) currently archived in the Biblioteca Nacional de Antropología e Historia of the Museo Nacional de Antropología in Mexico, represents a small portion of the pre-Conquest altepetl of Otompan and its Early Colonial-period administrative successors, the parroquia and corregimiento of Otumba. The exact circumstances under which the map was executed, its original purpose, and any associated textual documents are unknown. The paper on which the map is executed (amate) and the style in which it was drawn clearly show pre-Conquest paper and the hand of a tlacuilo (scribe) influenced by post-Conquest style, script, and changes in sociopolitical and religious organization. Analysis of the elements of the document reveal its temporal and spatial setting; it also throws light on the changes in indigenous sociopolitical and religious organization during the first half-century of the Early Colonial period.