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Jenett, Tilmann [Verfasser]. "Modern geologic mapping : The conceptual development and practical review of a digital geologic mapping approach / Tilmann Jenett." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1031421319/34.
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Decker, Megan Carolee. "Paterae on Io: Geologic Mapping of Tupan Patera and Experimental Models." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5306.
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Paterae cover approximately 2% of the surface of Io, Jupiter’s volcanically active moon. To understand the formation of these volcano-tectonic depressions we created a geologic map of a key region and compared this map with experimental models for Io paterae. Our mapping region is Tupan Patera, a patera that has experienced recent activity and is a detected hot spot. We identified four primary types of geologic materials: plains, patera floors, flows, and diffuse deposits. We constructed an experimental model to test previous suggestions that paterae may form as volatiles in the silicate crust are vaporized by rising magma, creating instability, and subsequent collapse. The apparatus is a scaled model that uses sand (silicate crust analog), ice or snow (volatile analog), a hotplate (magma chamber analog), and a moveable paddle (to simulate extension). Our experimental collapse features exhibit many characteristics of paterae on Io, such as “islands,” terraces, straight margins, and steep scarps. Our model suggests that the role of volatiles in Io’s crust is a significant part of paterae formation.Comparative studies between our map and model show it is possible Tupan is an emerging lava lake or one in a state of quiescence. Our studies have also culminated in the completion of a theoretical cross section for the geologic history of Tupan Patera. This cross section displays a sequence of events including the rise of magma as it preferentially volatilizes sulfurous layers in the crust, subsequent thinning, instability, and collapse, the likelihood of the patera floor sinking as a stoped block, and the more recent flow and diffuse deposits. This study gives some insight to the general formation of paterae on Io.
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Folfas, Andrew Paul. "Geologic Mapping of The Changgo Dome in Southern Tibet Using ASTER Imagery." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1226357431.
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Poduska, Gabriel J. "Geologic Mapping of Ice Cave Peak Quadrangle, Uintah and Duchesne Counties, Utah with Implications from Mapping Laramide Faults." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5777.
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Geologic mapping (1:24,000 scale) of the Ice Cave Peak quadrangle, Uintah and Duchesne Counties, Utah has produced a better understanding of the geologic structures present in the quadrangle and has increased our understanding of faulting in northeastern Utah. Map units in the quadrangle range in age from late Neoproterozoic to Quaternary and include good exposures of Paleozoic rocks (Mississippian to Permian), limited exposures of Mesozoic rocks, and good exposures of Tertiary strata (Duchesne River Formation and Bishop Conglomerate) deposited during uplift of the Uinta Mountains. Lower Mississippian strata along the south flank of the Uinta Mountains have typically been mapped as Madison Limestone. Our preliminary mapping suggested that the Madison could perhaps be subdivided into an upper unit equivalent to the Deseret Limestone, and a lower unit separated by a phosphatic interval equivalent to the Delle Phosphatic Member of the Deseret Limestone found farther west. Upon further investigation, we propose not extending the use of Deseret Limestone, with the equivalent to the Delle Phosphatic Member at its base, into the south-central Uinta Mountains. Microprobe analysis revealed no phosphorus in thin sections of this unit. Instead, the unit is composed almost entirely of calcite and dolomite. A zone of northwest-trending faults, called the Deep Creek fault zone, occurs mainly east of the Ice Cave Peak quadrangle. However, our mapping shows that this fault zone extends into the quadrangle. These faults are both strike-slip and normal/oblique faults as documented by mapping and kinematic indicators and cut the folded hanging-wall sedimentary rocks above the Uinta Basin-Mountain boundary thrust fault. These faults may be part of an en echelon fault system that is rooted in the Neoproterozoic and reactivated during Laramide deformation above a possible transfer zone between segments of the buried boundary thrust.
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Copfer, Torrey J. "Geology of the Deseret Peak East 7.5' Quadrangle, Tooele County, Utah, and Impacts for Hydrology of the Region." DigitalCommons@USU, 2003. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6723.
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Detailed geologic mapping of the Deseret Peak East 7.5' Quadrangle yields new interpretations regarding the stratigraphy of the Oquirrh Basin, fault and fold geometry, and structural evolution of the region. The Stansbury Range consists of the north-southtrending Deseret anticline. Basal Mississippian units rest unconformably on Cambrian beds in the central part of the range. Paleozoic uplift, Mesozoic contraction, and Cenozoic extension have created a series of broad folds, large thrust faults, and several normal faults.
The area is dominated by bedrock springs, with the presence of abundant and thick Quaternary deposits unrelated to Pleistocene glaciation, burying drainages, and mantling hillslopes. The influence of bedrock on groundwater flow paths and stream baseflow is suggested by local anecdotal reports that high snowfall in the Deseret Peak region generates high discharge ten miles south in Clover Creek, though they are not in the same drainage basin.
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Patch, Nickolas Lee. "Geology of the Dyer Mountain quadrangle, Utah." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1452.
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Martin, Daniel Holt. "Geologic map of the Golden Throne Quadrangle, Wayne and Garfield Counties, Utah /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1011.pdf.
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Driscoll, Nicholaus D. "Geologic Map of the Deer Point Quadrangle, Garfield County, Utah." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3276.
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A new geologic map of the Deer Point 7.5' quadrangle located in the southern region of Capitol Reef National Park in south-central Utah provides stratigraphic and structural detail not previously available. The Deer Point quadrangle was mapped at a scale of 1:24,000 and is the fourth geologic map completed at this scale in Capitol Reef National Park. Twelve Quaternary units and eighteen bedrock formations and members are exposed in the Deer Point quadrangle. Bedrock formations range in age from Triassic to Cretaceous. The details not available on previous geologic maps include: four alluvial terrace units, two lacustrine units, two mass movement units, and members of the Moenkopi, Chinle, and Carmel Formations. Historically the Page Sandstone has been mapped as part of the Navajo Sandstone or the Carmel Formation. This map identifies the Page Sandstone as a separate and independent unit. The Deer Point quadrangle is cross cut by a portion of a Laramide-age, basement cored, NNW-SSE trending asymmetrical anticline called the Waterpocket Fold. Strikes and dips measured throughout the Deer Point quadrangle identify the vergence of the anticline as eastward with a maximum dip of 49˚ on the forelimb and 7˚ on the backlimb. The maximum dip on the forelimb dramatically decreases in the southern quarter of the quadrangle to 15˚.The Utah Geological Survey is mapping the Hite Crossing 30' x 60' quadrangle at a scale of 1:62.500. The Deer Point quadrangle is one of 32 quadrangles that comprise the Hite Crossing quadrangle. The Utah Geological Survey is working to establish erosion rates on the Colorado Plateau. To do this, they are dating alluvial terrace deposits. Within the Deer Point quadrangle four new terrace levels have been identified that could help with this research. Additional research could use these terrace deposits to better understand erosion rates in the Deer Point quadrangle and the broader Colorado Plateau. Numerous mass movement deposits are found within the Deer Point quadrangle. The largest has been named the Red Slide. Several aspects of the Red Slide are identified including classification, breakaway zone, source, deposit size, composition, debris flow path and depositional history. The Red Slide has been classified as a debris flow. The breakaway zone is a concave cliff 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the west of the debris flow's present location. The flow's scarp is no longer identifiable. The source of the debris flow material is the Chinle Formation and Wingate Sandstone. The Red Slide deposit covers an area of over 16.6 million ft2 (~1.5 million m2). The toe of the debris flow is 1 mile (1.6 km) wide. The estimated maximum thickness of the debris flow is sixty meters. The Red Slide is composed of fine-grained, clay- and silt- sized material, and a small amount of angular pebble- to cobble-sized limestone clasts from the Owl Rock Member of the Chinle Formation. Boulder- to sand-sized grains from the Wingate Sandstone are scattered throughout the deposit with the larger grains forming inversely grading packages. The Red Slide likely occurred as a series of large debris flows, not one catastrophic event, although they may have occurred at about the same time.
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Armstrong, Thomas Robert. "Structural and Petrologic Evolution of Acadian Dome Structures in Southern Vermont." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37857.
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Petrologic and thermobarometric studies, coupled with geologic mapping and structural analysis, provide critical evaluation of several different models for Acadian (Late Silurian to Middle Devonian) dome evolution in southern Vermont. Previous models considered diapiric uprise and composite nappe-stage crustal thickening and subsequent diapirism as likely causes of dome formation. Both of these previous models result in symmetrical distribution of P-T values about the dome structures with corresponding coreward increases in temperature, and typically, coreward decrease in associated pressures. Thermobarometric calculations made during this study demonstrate that both P and T increase eastward across the entire region and are not symmetrically distributed about dome axes. The P-T data coupled with petrographically derived relative age relationships and available geochronology also suggest that attainment of peak metamorphic conditions and concurrent dome-stage deformation are diachronous and young from west to east. These relationships are consistent with new geologic mapping and structural analysis which show that all of the domes in southern Vermont are low-amplitude fold interference structures. A current tectonic model indicates that Acadian Barrovian metamorphism in this region was a consequence of west-directed crustal thickening of an eastward dipping tectonic wedge, presumably from the Bronson Hill Terrane; an Ordovician arc sequence. The basal surface of this allochthonous mass projects above the present land surface within this area. Accretion of lower-plate rocks (of this study) into the thrust complex and continued west-directed thrusting of the accreted package over a seismically recognizable east dipping ramp structure provided the necessary geometry and mechanism for dome-stage fabric development, calculated uplift rates (1.2 to 1.7 km/m.y. and west to east younging of Acadian structural and metamorphic evolution.
Thermobarometric and geochronologic estimates of metamorphic pressure - temperature (P-T) conditions and metamorphic cooling ages were used to constrain the required thermal and tectonic input parameters for use in one-dimensional thermal modeling of an Acadian (Silurian-Devonian} tectonotherma! regime within the pre-Silurian Taconide zone of southern Vermont. This regime includes: 1) garnet-grade rocks from the eastern flank of an Acadian composite dome structure (Sadawga Dome; the western domain); 2) staurolite/kyanite-grade rocks from the western flank of a second composite structure, the Athens dome (eastern domain). Results from thermal modeling include development of P-T paths, temperature-time (T-t) and pressure-time (P-t) curves, related values of maximum temperature and pressure, pressure conditions at maximum temperature, predicted closure ages for radiogenic phases, and integrated uplift and cooling rates.
Thermal modeling results are remarkably similar to independently obtained data for Acadian regional metamorphism in western New England, and provide some important constraints on regional thermal evolution: 1) pressure values contemporaneous with peak temperature on P-T paths may be substantially lower than actual maximum pressure (> 2.5 kbars); 2) differences in peak temperature for rocks initially loaded to similar crustal depths (garnetgrade vs. staurolite-grade), differences in calculated uplift rates, and differences in Ar closure ages, are consequences of variations in durations of isobaric heating events (or "residence periods"), and differences in actual tectonic uplift rates. These modeling results are internally consistent with structural model that suggests west to east younging of specific Acadian deformations and resultant diachroneity of peak metamorphic and Ar closure ages. Regional variations in timing and conditions of metamorphism may be controlled by diachronous deformational events coupled with variations in crustal levels to which rocks were initially loaded during the ca. 400 Ma onset of Acadian orogenesis in western New England.Ph. D.
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Summa, Michelle Carlene. "Geologic Mapping, Alluvial Stratigraphy, and Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating of the Kanab Creek Area, Southern Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/506.
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At the turn of the century, Kanab Creek incised 30-meters into its alluvium, leaving behind fluvial terraces and thick basin fill sediments exposed along arroyo walls. Research objectives were to determine the timing and causes of past valley-filling and arroyo-cutting episodes along a 20 km-long reach of Kanab Creek in southern Utah. Fluvial deposits were mapped at the 1:12,000 scale and sediments were described and dated using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating. The Kanab Creek valley can be divided into a narrow, upper terraced reach and a broad lower basin fill reach near Kanab, Utah. The most prominent terrace in the upper reach is Quaternary alluvial terrace 4 (Qat4), followed by Qat3, Qat2/3, and Qat2 map units. These are composed of tabular-bedded, fine-grained sand, silt, and clay layers. The Qat2/3 map unit is a both a fill and fill-cut terrace underlain by Qa4, Qa3, and Qa2 alluvium and is used when the Qat3 fill-cut (fill-strath) terrace can not be differentiated from the Qat2 fill terrace due to their similar geomorphic position. The Qat3 fill-cut terrace upstream correlates to ~8 meters of aggradation downstream. The youngest terrace, Qat1, is a minor terrace, composed of coarse-grained channel facies. More recent channel and floodplain deposits were deposited over the last century following arroyo cutting. OSL and radiocarbon results suggest at least four cycles of fluvial cutting and filling: >6-3.5ka (Qa4), ~3->1ka (Qa3), 0.7-0.12ka (Qa2), and post-1880 AD (Qa1). Correlation to regional climate records suggests major periods of aggradation correlate to regionally cooler and wetter climatic intervals. Periods of arroyo cutting occurred at >6ka, ~3ka, 1-0.7ka, and during historic arroyo cutting (1882-1914 AD), and correlate to regionally warmer, drier intervals. These periods of aggradation and incision are roughly contemporaneous with regional drainages, except for the large aggradation seen in Kanab Creek 6-3.5ka (Qa4). Analysis of terrace longitudinal profiles indicates Qat4 has the lowest concavity suggesting that Qat4 aggraded during a period of greater sediment supply and/or reduced flood regime. Although OSL samples exhibited some degree of incomplete zeroing, calculated ages using a minimum age model are consistent with radiocarbon results.
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Webb, Casey Andrew. "Geologic Mapping of the Vernal NW Quadrangle, Uintah County, UT, and Stratigraphic Relationships of the Duchesne River Formation and Bishop Conglomerate." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6564.
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Detailed mapping (1:24,000), measured sections, and clast counts in conglomerates of the Duchesne River Formation and Bishop Conglomerate in the Vernal NW quadrangle in northeastern Utah reveal the middle Cenozoic stratigraphic geometry, the uplift and unroofing history of the eastern Uinta Mountains, and give evidence for the pulsed termination of Laramide uplift. The Unita Mountains are an EW-trending reverse fault bounded and basement-cored, Laramide uplift. The oldest unit of the Duchesne River Formation, the Eocene Brennan Basin Member, contains 80-90% Paleozoic clasts and <20% Precambrian clasts. Proximal to the Uinta uplift the conglomerates of this member are dominated by Paleozoic Madison Limestone clasts (70-90% of all clasts). Farther out into the basin, Paleozoic clasts still dominate in Brennan Basin Member conglomerates, but chert clasts are more abundant (up to 43%) showing the efficiency of erosion of the carbonate clasts over a short distance (~5 km). Conglomerates in the progressively younger Dry Gulch Creek, Lapoint, and Starr Flat members show a significant upward increase in Precambrian clasts with 34-73% Uinta Mountain Group and 8-63% Madison Limestone. Duchesne River Formation has a significant increase in coarse-grained deposits from the southern parts of the quadrangle (20-50% coarse) to the northern parts (75% coarse) nearer the Uinta uplift. The lower part of the Duchesne River Formation exhibits a fining upward sequence representing a tectonic lull. Clast count patterns show that pebbly channel deposits in the south maintain similar compositions to their alluvial fan counterparts. To the north, the fine-grained Lapoint and Dry Gulch Creek members of the Duchesne River Formation appear to pinch out completely. This can be explained by erosion of these fine-grained deposits or by lateral facies shifts before deposition of the next unit. Starr Flat Member conglomerates were deposited above Lapoint Member siltstones and represent southward progradation of alluvial fans away from the uplifting mountain front. Similarities in composition and sedimentary structures have caused confusion surrounding the contact between the Starr Flat Member and the overlying Bishop Conglomerate. Within the Vernal NW quadrangle, we interpret this contact as an angular unconformity (the Gilbert Peak Erosion Surface) developed on the uppermost tilted red siltstone of the Starr Flat Member sometime after 37.9 Ma. Stratigraphic and structural relationships reveal important details about the development of a Laramide mountain range: 1) sequential unroofing sequences in the Duchesne River Formation, 2) progradation of alluvial fans to form the Starr Flat Member, 3) and the unconformable nature of the Gilbert Peak Erosion Surface lead to the conclusion that there were at least 3 distinct episodes of uplift during the deposition of these formations. The last uplift episode upwarped the Starr Flat Member constraining the termination of Laramide uplift in the Uinta Mountains to be after deposition of the Starr Flat Member and prior to deposition of the horizontal Bishop Conglomerate starting at about 34 Ma. This, combined with 40Ar/39Ar ages of 39.4 Ma from the Dry Gulch Creek and Lapoint member, show that slab rollback related volcanism was occurring to the west while the Uinta Mountains were being uplifted on Laramide faults. These new 40Ar/39Ar ages constrain the timing of deposition and clarify stratigraphic relationships within the Duchesne River Formation; they suggest a significant unconformity of as much as 4 m.y. between the Duchesne River Formation and the overlying Bishop Conglomerate, which is 34-30 Ma in age, and show that Laramide uplift continued after 40 Ma in this region.
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Burnham, Taylor G. "Hydrogeology and Groundwater Flow of the Morrell Cave Spring Shed, Sullivan County, Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2303.
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Groundwater flow through fractured karst conduit systems can be complex and difficult to diagnose. This project explores the role of geologic structures that influence the location of recharge points, flow paths, velocities, and discharge locations within Morrell Cave and at the resurgence of Morrell Spring, both of which are located near the city of Bluff City, TN. Understanding of the groundwater sources and flow paths in the Bluff City area will allow future researchers to more readily identify sources of pollution and better resolve local agricultural well drawdown conflicts among residents. The objectives of this project are to: 1) identify the active allogenic recharge sources of Morrell Spring, the largest known spring in the Bluff City area; 2) delineate a springshed for Morrell Spring and; 3) diagnose the structural controls for groundwater flow paths to Morrell Spring. It was found that surface streams flowing across the Sevier Shale on the northern slope of Holston Mountain enter the subsurface karst system through swallets along the Sevier shale and the Jonesboro Limestone contact. Once underground the water flows to the NW following 2 dominant joint sets until it reaches the NE/SW oriented fault line along which Morrell Cave has formed. Upon entering the cave the groundwater flows to the NE to Morrell Spring and into the South Fork Holston River.
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Amaral, Wagner da Silva 1979. "Integração de dados aerogeofisicos e geologicos e sua contribuição a evolução geodinamica do dominio Ceará Central, Provincia Borborema." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287656.
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Orientador: Ticiano Jose Saraiva dos SantosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T21:14:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amaral_WagnerdaSilva_M.pdf: 44117000 bytes, checksum: fc74c3c06d9f515fb8c5571bbc187c3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: O avanço das tecnologias de processamento de dados aerogeofísicos e integração com dados geológicos permitem recuperar informações úteis e valiosas contidas em levantamentos geofísicos com uma tecnologia mais antiga. Essas informações representam uma ferramenta essencial ao mapeamento geológico-estrutural de terrenos Pré-Cambrianos, onde as relações estratigráficas e estruturais são difíceis de serem delineadas em trabalhos de campo. Dados aerogeofísicos adquiridos nos Projetos Rio Acaraú (1975) e Itatira (1977), realizados respectivamente nas regiões noroeste e central do Ceará, foram processados e integrados com a finalidade de gerar produtos que possam ser utilizados como ferramenta indireta na identificação de feições geológicas regionais. A verificação e aplicabilidade do método foram postas em prática com a definição de uma área piloto compreendida pelas folhas topográfica 1.100.000 Umirim e Canindé. A integração dos dados aerogeofísicos e geológicos de campo, dando suporte ao mapeamento geológico em escala 1:100.000, permitiu reconhecer duas principais unidades de mapeamento: o Arco Magmático de Santa Quitéria ¿ AMSQ e as seqüências supracrustais para e ortoderivadas que o bordejam. Do arco, foram identificados quatro tipos litológicos representados por Np1: Núcleos anatéticos; Np2: Migmatitos ortoderivados; Np3: Granitos gnáissicos porfiríticos; Np4: Gnaisses granodioríticos. Da supracrustal têm-se: a seqüência paraderivada (Ccp) constituída por seis subunidades de mapeamento, onde se destacam paragnaisses, migmatitos, micaxistos, quartzitos, cálcio silicáticas e metacalcários; e a seqüência ortoderivada (Cco) formada por oito subunidades compostas por granodioritos, leucogranitóides, migmatitos (diatexitos e metatexitos), anfibolitos, dioritos e granulitos máficos. A análise dos lineamentos estruturais da área de estudo, foi realizada com o processamento e interpretação dos produtos aeromagnéticos e do modelo digital do terreno-SRTM para a extração das grandes estruturas regionais. Os maiores lineamentos da região correspondem a zonas de cisalhamentos transcorrentes destrais representadas pelo do sistema de falhas de Paramoti (ZCP) de direção NE-SW, e as zonas de cisalhamento de baixo ângulo com vergência para E-SE no setor noroeste, e para W-NW no setor sudeste. Em termos deformacionais, o principal regime atuante na área é de natureza compressiva, responsável pela geração de foliações, lineações, dobras e zonas de cisalhamento, contendo três fases deformacionais denominadas Fn, Fn+1, Fn+2. A fase Fn é representada por empurrões com vergência aproximada para E-SE no setor NW e para W-NW no setor SE. A fase Fn+1, de natureza transpressional, marca o desenvolvimento de zonas de cisalhamento de direção aproximada NE-SW. E por fim, a fase Fn+2 relaciona-se à exumação e conseqüente tectônica frágil das rochas supracrustais. As rochas do arco magmático de Santa Quitéria foram caracterizadas por apresentarem altas contagens no canal de K em quase toda região de abrangência e contagens intermediárias e baixas de Th e U. De modo geral, a seqüência supracrustal foi caracterizada por apresentar alta contribuição dos canais de U e Th e baixa de K. As subunidades Migmatitos anfibolíticos e Metaultramáficas (Cco3) e Hornblenda gnaisses migmatíticos, granulitos máficos (Cco4), compostas por rochas máficas/metaultramáficas e anfibolíticas, onde se destaca a ocorrência faixas de retro-eclogitos e granulitos máficos encaixados como lentes em gnaisses e migmatitos apresentam fortes anomalias negativas, com baixas contagens nos três canais K-Th-U. A anomalia mais proeminente com esses registros encontra-se na região central da área, a sul do município de Pentecoste. Na magnetometria essas rochas têm anomalias positivas com altos valores de susceptibilidade magnética
Abstract: Advances in airborne geophysical data processing techniques and their integration with geologic data allow recovering valuable information from both geophysical surveys and, the older technology. These information represent an essential tool for geologic-structural mapping of Pre-Cambrian terrains, where the stratigraphic and structural relations are difficult to be delineated in field works. The airborne geophysical data from Rio Acaraú (1975) and Itatira (1977) projects were carried out through respectively, in the northwest and central regions of the State of the Ceará. Their processing produced products useful to indirectly identify regional geologic features. The verification and applicability of this approach was tested in an pilot-area whose limits are within the Umirim and Canindé topographic sheets, at 1: 100,000 scale. The integration between the airborne geophysical and the geologic field data supported to the geologic mapping at the same cited scale. Two main units were recognized: the Santa Quitéria Magmatic Arc - AMSQ and the para-and-orthoderivative supracrustal sequences that surround the arc. The AMSQ has four major lithologies: Np1 with anatetic granites; Np2: orthoderivated migmatites; Np3: porfiritic gneissic granites; Np4: granodioritic gneisses. The paraderivative supracrustal sequence (Ccp) consists of six mapped subunits, the paragneisses, marbles migmatites, mica-schists, quartzites and, calk-silicated rocks. The ortoderivative sequence (Cco) is formed by eight subunits, the granodiorites, leucogranitoids, mafic migmatites (diatexites and, metatexites), amphibolites, diorites and, granulites. The structural lineaments analysis at regional scale was done after the processing and interpretation of the airborne magnetic products and, the digital elevation model derived from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission-SRTM. The major lineaments correspond to the dextral transcurrent Paramoti Shear Zone (ZCP) of NE-SW direction and, to low angle shear zones with E-SE thrustdirection at the Northwestern sector and, another shear zone facing to W-NW direction at the Southeastern sector. About the deformation history, the main operating regime was compressive and, responsible for foliation, lineation, folds and shear zones.This history comprises three deformational phases called Fn, Fn+1, Fn+2. The Fn phase is represented by thrust toward E-SE in the Northwestern sector and towards W-NW direction at the Southeastern sector. The Fn+1 phase, of transpressional nature, marks the development of shear zones with NE-SW direction. Finally, the Fn+2 phase is related to the exhumation and consequently ruptile tectonics of the supracrustal rocks. The rocks from Santa Quitéria magmatic arc are characterized by high counting on the K-channel in its almost entire region and intermediate and low counting of Th and U. Generally, the supracrustal sequences are characterized by high values on the U-and-Th-channels and low on K-channel. The subunit Metaultramafics (Cco3) and Hornblendgnaisses and, mafics granulites (Cco4), are remarkable by the occurrence retro-eclogites bands and mafic granulites as lenses within gneisses and migmatites. These subunits present strong negative anomalies, with low counting on the three K, Th and, U channels. The best example for this negative anomalies are in the central region of the area, at south of Pentecostes city. That area also has positive magnetic anomalies, with high values of magnetic susceptibility
Mestrado
Geologia e Recursos Naturais
Mestre em Geociências
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Stolz, Tara Alexandra. "Geological Mapping of Orhon, Tariat, and Egiin Dawaa, Central Mongolia, through the Interpretation of Remote Sensing Data." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1221081955.
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Thal, Janis [Verfasser], Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Bach, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Bohrmann. "High-resolution geologic mapping of seafloor structures and identification of structural systematics / Janis Thal. Gutachter: Wolfgang Bach ; Gerhard Bohrmann. Betreuer: Wolfgang Bach." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1072225921/34.
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Wickboldt, Walter Charles 1942. "SITE INVESTIGATION, DESIGN ANALYSIS AND CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS FOR NEW SPILLWAY CONSTRUCTION, FRANCIS E. WALTER DAM, CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA (GEOLOGIC MAPPING, SLOPE STABILITY)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276737.
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San, Bekir Taner. "Hyperspectral Image Processing Of Eo-1 Hyperion Data For Lithological And Mineralogical Mapping." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610057/index.pdf.
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Hyperspectral data is a powerful tool for mineral explorations and lithological discriminations. EO1-Hyperion is a space borne hyperspectral system for hyperspectral imaging which is capable of 220 spectral image channels within the range of 400 to 2500 nm wavelengths. It has advantages over
airborne systems such as data cost and coverage area. Although it has many advantages, much more uncertainty exists in application period, of which this uncertainty does exist in all processing stages starting from the data
preparation to the end of analysis stages.
The aim of this thesis is to state the potential use of Hyperion data for lithological and mineralogical discriminations to further develop new hyperspectral image processing approach, and to improve existing preprocessing method in literature.
The proposed algorithm is mainly based on atmospheric corrections and cross track illumination correction of Hyperion data. In order to achieve this, two test sites were selected. Site 1 located on the Central Anatolia, (Ekecek
test site) is used for lithological discrimination and Site 2 located on West Anatolia (Biga test site) is used for mineralogical discrimination. The obtained
results were compared and assessed with the field verifications, spectral measurements and existing spectral libraries.
In the end of the study it is found that when proposed approach is followed hyperspectral data is proven to be a useful tool for mineralogical discrimination in mono minerallic outcrops and valuable for lithological mapping in relatively homogenous un-covered outcrops.
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Yang, Hsien-Min 1957. "PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS AND TEXTURE ANALYSIS OF THE NS-001 THEMATIC MAPPER SIMULATOR DATA IN THE ROSEMONT MINING DISTRICT, ARIZONA (GEOLOGIC, DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING, TEXTURE EXTRACTION)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275436.
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Sexton, Joshua L. "LITHOLOGIC AND STRATIGRAPHIC COMPILATION OF NEAR-SURFACE SEDIMENTS FOR THE PADUCAH GASEOUS DIFFUSION PLANT, MCCRACKEN COUNTY, KY." UKnowledge, 2006. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/295.
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The Jackson Purchase region of western Kentucky consists of Coastal Plain sediments near the northern margin of the Mississippi Embayment. Within this region is the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP), a uranium enrichment facility operated by the US Department of Energy. At PGDP, a Superfund site, soil and groundwater studies have provided subsurface lithologic data from hundreds of monitoring wells and borings. Despite preliminary efforts by various contractors, these data have not been utilized to develop detailed stratigraphic correlations of sedimentary units across the study area. In addition, sedimentary exposures along streams in the vicinity of PGDP have not been systematically described beyond the relatively simple geologic quadrangle maps published by the US Geological Survey in 196667. This study integrates lithologic logs, other previous site-investigation data, and outcrop mapping to provide a compilation of near-surface lithologic and stratigraphic data for the PGDP area. A database of borehole data compiled during this study has been provided to PGDP for future research and archival. Developments in understanding near-surface geology include the adoption of nomenclature used by the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS), which separates the Continental Deposits into two distinct units, the Mounds Gravel and Metropolis Formation, based on their unique depositional histories. Additionally, faulting presented on the preliminary Joppa (IL) 7.5-minute quadrangle map, but not mapped on the Joppa (KY) 7.5-minute quadrangle map, appears to have impacted deposition of post-Eocene sediments at the site. These faults are co-linear to zones of irregularity noted in the Cretaceous McNairy Formation structure elevation map created during this study, thick zones of the Mounds Gravel noted in an isopach map from this study, and contaminant plume maps created previously by contractors.
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Hurst, Coreen. "Testing Models Related to the Laramide Uplift of the Uinta Mountains and Geologic Mapping of the Jessen Butte 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, Dagget County, Utah and Sweetwater County, Wyoming." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3437.pdf.
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Alderks, David O. "Unresolved Problems Involving the Hydrogeology and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Wasatch Plateau based on Mapping of the Wattis 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, Carbon and Emery Counties, Utah: Insights Gained from a New Geologic Map." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1199.pdf.
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Sorensen, Amanda Elizabeth MacKay. "Geologic mapping of exhumed, mid-Cretaceous paleochannel complexes near Castle Dale, Emery County, Utah: On the correlative relationship between the Dakota Sandstone and the Mussentuchit Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2727.
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Numerous well-preserved, exhumed paleochannels in the Morrison, Cedar Mountain and Dakota Sandstone formations are exposed east of Castle Dale, Utah. These channels consist primarily of point bar complexes and scattered, low sinuosity channels. To determine the vertical and lateral relationships of these channels within the Cedar Mountain and Dakota Sandstone formations, a 1:24,000 scale geologic map covering ~140 km2 was created showing the fluvial sandstones. In the study area the Cedar Mountain Formation consists, from bottom to top, of 2.5-10 m of Buckhorn Conglomerate Member equivalent units, ~80 m of the Ruby Ranch Member, and ~30 m of the Mussentuchit Member. The Dakota Sandstone consists of conglomeratic to sandy, meandering channel fills within the Mussentuchit Member. The Ruby Ranch-Mussentuchit member contact is diagnosed as the top of a laterally extensive, ~10 meter thick, maroon paleosol with calcrete horizons and root traces. When deeply weathered the contact is discernable as a shift from maroon mudstone to a pale green-white, silty mudstone. Like the balance of the Mussentuchit Member overbank deposits, the white-green mudstone is rich in smectitic clays. In the southern one-third of the mapped area, Ruby Ranch Member sandstones are thin, discontinuous channel segments surrounded by floodplain deposits. In the middle to northern area, point bar complexes dominate, some of which are laterally amalgamated. Flow direction data from four meander complexes and a low sinuosity channel indicate an average northeast flow. Dakota Sandstone channels all of which are within the Mussentuchit Member also flowed to the northeast but point bar complexes are both more numerous and more laterally continuous than in the Ruby Ranch Member, indicating deposition in an area with less accommodation space than during Ruby Ranch Member time. The data indicate the Dakota Sandstone consists exclusively of fluvial sandstones encased within the Mussentuchit Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation. Therefore, these units are coeval and simply different facies of the same depositional system. Consequently the Mussentuchit Member is considered a member facies of the Dakota Formation.
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Zaine, José Eduardo. "Mapeamento geológico-geotécnico por meio do método do detalhamento progressivo : ensaio de aplicação na área urbana do município de Rio Claro (SP) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102900.
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Orientador: Leandro Eugenio da Silva CerriBanca: Nilson Gandolfi
Banca: Antonio Manoel dos Santos Oliveira
Banca: Fábio Taioli
Banca: Omar Yasbek Bitar
Resumo: A pesquisa teve como tema central o mapeamento geológico-geotécnico de áreas urbanas, analisando os dados do meio físico geológico, bem como a representação cartográfica de unidades geotécnicas. O estudo envolveu a análise das metodologias utilizadas nos trabalhos de cartografia geotécnica, com enfoque especial para duas linhas metodológicas brasileiras, ou seja, as metodologias utilizadas pela Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos e pelo IPT. O trabalho apresenta o método do detalhamento progressivo como alternativa aos estudos geológico-geotécnicos, tendo como objetivo principal a produção de instrumentos adequados para a gestão e o planejamento urbanos, ante as necessidades de seus principais usuários. Tal método consiste na adoção de diferentes escalas de abordagem para a elaboração de cartas e/ou mapas geotécnicos, com o desenvolvimento dos trabalhos em três etapas sucessivas, em níveis de detalhe crescentes, do geral (1ª etapa) para o particular (etapa de detalhe). O ensaio de aplicação do método do detalhamento progressivo foi realizado numa área de 160 km2, envolvendo o sítio urbano e de expansão urbana de Rio Claro, uma cidade de médio porte, do interior paulista. A 1ª etapa mostrou que estudos geológicos e geomorfológicos são fundamentais para orientar as etapas subseqüentes; e a quantificação de alguns parâmetros na 2ª etapa foi importante para a melhor caracterização das unidades de estudo. A realização de ensaios de laboratórios na 3ª etapa é melhor dimensionada quando orientada pelas fases anteriores, estudos estes, efetivamente aplicados, se direcionados a projetos e obras.
Abstract: This paper's main theme is engineering geological mapping in urban areas, bringing together the results of the assembly, analysis and interpretation of geological data, as well as the cartographic representation of geotechnical units. As part of the study, an analysis of methodologies used in engenheering geological mapping was made, with special emphasis on two lines of Brazilian methodologies, i.e., the procedures used by the Engineering School of São Carlos - University of São Paulo and by the Institute of Technological Researches of the State of São Paulo S.A. - IPT. The main purpose of the study is to apply the progressive detailing method to engineering geological maps in urban areas, with a view to produce more adequate instruments for urban administration and planning, taking into consideration the necessity of the users. The progressive detailing method's application was made in a 160 km2 area that included an urban site and urban expansion in the municipal district of Rio Claro, a medium size town of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The progressive detailing method consists of adopting different approach scales in engineering geological mapping, with the study being divided into three successive stages, in levels of increasing detail, from general to specific. The first stage showed the importance of geologic and geomorphologic studies on the development of next stages. The quantification of some parameters on 2nd stage was of great value on characterization of the units of study. The completion of laboratories analysis on the 3rd stage to subsidy projects and buildings, is better evaluated if it is guided for previous stages.
Doutor
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Zaine, José Eduardo [UNESP]. "Mapeamento geológico-geotécnico por meio do método do detalhamento progressivo: ensaio de aplicação na área urbana do município de Rio Claro (SP)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102900.
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zaine_je_dr_rcla.pdf: 10722625 bytes, checksum: 58a2ea16d5ca5a5f98a15ce993e4b07b (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A pesquisa teve como tema central o mapeamento geológico-geotécnico de áreas urbanas, analisando os dados do meio físico geológico, bem como a representação cartográfica de unidades geotécnicas. O estudo envolveu a análise das metodologias utilizadas nos trabalhos de cartografia geotécnica, com enfoque especial para duas linhas metodológicas brasileiras, ou seja, as metodologias utilizadas pela Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos e pelo IPT. O trabalho apresenta o método do detalhamento progressivo como alternativa aos estudos geológico-geotécnicos, tendo como objetivo principal a produção de instrumentos adequados para a gestão e o planejamento urbanos, ante as necessidades de seus principais usuários. Tal método consiste na adoção de diferentes escalas de abordagem para a elaboração de cartas e/ou mapas geotécnicos, com o desenvolvimento dos trabalhos em três etapas sucessivas, em níveis de detalhe crescentes, do geral (1ª etapa) para o particular (etapa de detalhe). O ensaio de aplicação do método do detalhamento progressivo foi realizado numa área de 160 km2, envolvendo o sítio urbano e de expansão urbana de Rio Claro, uma cidade de médio porte, do interior paulista. A 1ª etapa mostrou que estudos geológicos e geomorfológicos são fundamentais para orientar as etapas subseqüentes; e a quantificação de alguns parâmetros na 2ª etapa foi importante para a melhor caracterização das unidades de estudo. A realização de ensaios de laboratórios na 3ª etapa é melhor dimensionada quando orientada pelas fases anteriores, estudos estes, efetivamente aplicados, se direcionados a projetos e obras.
This paper's main theme is engineering geological mapping in urban areas, bringing together the results of the assembly, analysis and interpretation of geological data, as well as the cartographic representation of geotechnical units. As part of the study, an analysis of methodologies used in engenheering geological mapping was made, with special emphasis on two lines of Brazilian methodologies, i.e., the procedures used by the Engineering School of São Carlos - University of São Paulo and by the Institute of Technological Researches of the State of São Paulo S.A. - IPT. The main purpose of the study is to apply the progressive detailing method to engineering geological maps in urban areas, with a view to produce more adequate instruments for urban administration and planning, taking into consideration the necessity of the users. The progressive detailing method's application was made in a 160 km2 area that included an urban site and urban expansion in the municipal district of Rio Claro, a medium size town of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The progressive detailing method consists of adopting different approach scales in engineering geological mapping, with the study being divided into three successive stages, in levels of increasing detail, from general to specific. The first stage showed the importance of geologic and geomorphologic studies on the development of next stages. The quantification of some parameters on 2nd stage was of great value on characterization of the units of study. The completion of laboratories analysis on the 3rd stage to subsidy projects and buildings, is better evaluated if it is guided for previous stages.
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Ho, Chiu-shek. "Stereographic projection and mapping of engineering geology case study near Jordan Valley, Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38848673.
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Rohrer, Lucas P. "BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAPPING AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE WESTERN HALF OF THE PETERSHAM QUADRANGLE, CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS: FURTHER TESTS OF THE MODEL FOR MIDDLE TO LATE PALEOZOIC DUCTILE TRANSPRESSION, VERTICAL EXTRUSION, AND LATERAL ESCAPE IN THE NORTHERN APPALACHIANS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ees_etds/32.
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Bedrock mapping, structural analysis, and geochronology reveal the distribution of lithologies and timing of metamorphism and deformation in the western half of the Petersham 7.5’ quadrangle, western Massachusetts. Underlying lithologies are: (from west to east) the Ordovician Monson granitic orthogneiss, Silurian Rangeley migmatitic paragneiss, and Late Devonian (357 Ma) Hardwick tonalitic orthogneiss. Their tightly folded contacts strike north to south. The 361 Ma, unfoliated, strike-parallel Nichewaug quartz-diorite (10-100 m wide) intrusion spans the map area within the Rangeley. Evidence for vertical and lateral extrusion/escape of the Monson orthogneiss, as observed in the Palmer MA area, is absent. Instead, petrofabrics (foliations and lineations) indicate E-W shortening and N-S stretching concentrated within the Rangeley Fm. and orthogneiss margins. Asymmetric structures at the Rangeley-Hardwick contact indicate localized sinistral displacement parallel to unit boundaries and tectonic fabrics. U-Th-Pb chemical age dating of Rangeley monazite revealed three precise age populations (1 = 344 Ma; 3 = 377 Ma; 4 = 405 Ma) and one broad population divided into two subpopulations: 2b (~370 Ma) and 2a (~ 360 Ma). The similarity in age between tonalitic/dioritic magmatism and monazite growth in the Rangeley suggests regional metamorphism was driven by magmatic heat input from latest Devonian/earliest Carboniferous plutonism.
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Akkok, Inci. "Geological Mapping Using Remote Sensing Technologies." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610626/index.pdf.
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In an area of interest- Sivas Basin, Turkey- where most of the units are sedimentary and show similar spectral characteristics, spectral settings of ASTER sensor may not be enough by itself. Therefore, considering other aspects, such as morphological variables, is reasonable in addition to spectral classifiers. The main objective of this study is to test usefulness of integration of spectral analysis and morphological information for geological mapping. Remotely sensed imagery obtained from ASTER sensor is used to classify different lithological units while DEM is used to characterize landforms related to these lithological units.
Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) is used to integrate data streaming from different sources. The methodology involves integrating the surface properties of the classified geological units in addition to the spectral reflectances. Seven different classification trials were conducted: : 1. MLC using only nine ASTER bands, 2. MLC using ASTER bands and DEM, 3. MLC using ASTER bands and slope, 4. MLC using ASTER bands and plan curvature, 5. MLC using ASTER bands and profile curvature, 6. MLC using ASTER bands and drainage density and finally 7. MLC using ASTER bands and all ancillary data.
The results revealed that integrating topographical parameters aid in improvement of classification where spectral information is not sufficient to discriminate between classes of interest. An increase of more than 5% is observed in overall accuracy for the all ancillary data integration case. Moreover more than 10% improvement for most of the classes was identified. However from the results it is evident that the areal extent of the classified units causes constraints on application of the methodology.
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Tinós, Thaís Minatel [UNESP]. "Mapeamento geológico-geotécnico a partir de metodologia de análise integrada: ensaio de aplicação no município de Poços de Caldas - MG." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92752.
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tinos_tm_me_rcla.pdf: 5695071 bytes, checksum: 73966c119954aa9e5c17bad30f038d2d (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O mapeamento geológico-geotécnico é um instrumento fundamental para o planejamento e gestão do meio físico, fornecendo as informações essenciais para a tomada de decisão. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de um mapa geológico-geotécnico das principais áreas urbanas e de expansão do município de Poços de Caldas - MG. A metodologia empregada focou a análise integrada dos elementos do meio físico a partir do uso de fotografias aéreas e trabalhos de campo, para a compartimentação fisiográfica de unidades do terreno. A etapa seguinte foi a caracterização geotécnica de cada unidade e uma avaliação de adequabilidade quanto ao uso urbano. Como produtos finais são apresentados um mapa geológico-geotécnico da área, um perfil de cada unidade, além de suas principais características e processos geológicos ocorrentes. Tais elementos são instrumentos essenciais para o planejamento urbano e territorial do município
The geological-geotechnical mapping is a fundamental tool for planning and managing the physical environ, providing essential information for decision making. This study aimed to development a geological-geotechnical map of Poços de Caldas major urban areas and expansion. The methodology focused on the integrative analysis of the physical environ and the use of air photographs to section the area by physiographical features. The next step was the geotechnical characterization of each unit and an assessment of their capabilities and limitations as to urban use. As a final products are presented a geological-geotechnical map of the area, a profile of each unit, besides its main characteristics and geological processes occurring. These elements are essential tools for urban and territory planning of the municipality
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Guerrero, Francisco Jesus. "Death Valley reconstruction new piercingpoints in the Panamint Mountains and Resting Springs Range /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Tinós, Thaís Minatel. "Mapeamento geológico-geotécnico a partir de metodologia de análise integrada : ensaio de aplicação no município de Poços de Caldas - MG /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92752.
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Orientador: José Eduardo ZaineBanca: Cenira Maria Lupinacci da Cunha
Banca: Frederico Garcia Sobreira
Resumo: O mapeamento geológico-geotécnico é um instrumento fundamental para o planejamento e gestão do meio físico, fornecendo as informações essenciais para a tomada de decisão. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de um mapa geológico-geotécnico das principais áreas urbanas e de expansão do município de Poços de Caldas - MG. A metodologia empregada focou a análise integrada dos elementos do meio físico a partir do uso de fotografias aéreas e trabalhos de campo, para a compartimentação fisiográfica de unidades do terreno. A etapa seguinte foi a caracterização geotécnica de cada unidade e uma avaliação de adequabilidade quanto ao uso urbano. Como produtos finais são apresentados um mapa geológico-geotécnico da área, um perfil de cada unidade, além de suas principais características e processos geológicos ocorrentes. Tais elementos são instrumentos essenciais para o planejamento urbano e territorial do município
Abstract: The geological-geotechnical mapping is a fundamental tool for planning and managing the physical environ, providing essential information for decision making. This study aimed to development a geological-geotechnical map of Poços de Caldas major urban areas and expansion. The methodology focused on the integrative analysis of the physical environ and the use of air photographs to section the area by physiographical features. The next step was the geotechnical characterization of each unit and an assessment of their capabilities and limitations as to urban use. As a final products are presented a geological-geotechnical map of the area, a profile of each unit, besides its main characteristics and geological processes occurring. These elements are essential tools for urban and territory planning of the municipality
Mestre
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Ho, Chiu-shek, and 何照碩. "Stereographic projection and mapping of engineering geology: case study near Jordan Valley, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38848673.
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Centeno-García, Elena. "Tectonic evolution of the Guerrero terrane, western Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186665.
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The Guerrero terrane of western Mexico is characterized by an Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous volcanic-sedimentary sequence of arc affinity. The arc assemblage rests unconformably on partially metamorphosed rocks of possible Triassic-Jurassic age. These "basement units," the Arteaga and Placeres Complexes and the Zacatecas Formation, are composed of deformed turbidites, basalts, volcanic-derived graywackes, and blocks of chert and limestone. Sandstones from the basement units are mostly quartzitic and have a recycled orogen-subduction complex provenance. They have negative ᵋNdi (-5 to -7), model Nd ages of 1.3 Ga., and enrichment in light REE, indicating that they were supplied from an evolved continental crust. The volcanic graywackes are derived from juvenile sources (depleted in LREE and ᵋNd = +6), though they represent a small volume of sediments. Primary sources for these turbidites might be the Grenville belt or NW South America. Basement rocks in western North America are not suitable sources because they are more isotopically evolved. Igneous rocks from the basement units are of MORB affinity (depleted LREE and ᵋNdi = +10 to +6). The Jurassic(?)-Cretaceous arc volcanic rocks have ᵋNdi (+7.9 to +3.9) and REE patterns similar to those of evolved intraoceanic island arcs. Sandstones related to the arc assemblage are predominantly volcaniclastic. These sediments have positive ᵋNdi values (+3 to +6) and REE with IAV-affinity. The Guerrero terrane seems to be characterized by two major tectonic assemblages. The Triassic-Middle Jurassic "basement assemblage" that corresponds to an ocean-floor assemblage with sediments derived from continental sources, and the Late Jurassic-Cretaceous arc assemblage formed in an oceanic island arc setting. During the Laramide orogeny the arc was placed against nuclear Mexico. Then, the polarity of the sedimentation changed from westward to eastward, and sediments derived from the arc-assemblage flooded nuclear Mexico. This process marks the "continentalization" of the Guerrero terrane, which on average represents a large addition of juvenile crust to the western North American Cordillera during Mesozoic time.
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Hedin, Baastrup Hugo. "Structural Reconnaissance Mapping of the Nasa Basement Window, Southern Norrbotten Caledonides." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-72044.
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Too few documentative descriptions exist from the reactivated Proterozoic Nasa Basement window in Sweden. This re-exposed crustal piece predominantly consisting of 1.8 Ga granite and volcanic basement rock lack structural evidences on maps. The Western Gneiss region gave example of how rocks in extreme cases may experience protolith overprinting through collisional vertical granite basement subduction to eclogite ambient conditions, which would give traces in metamorphic quartz (coesite), muscovite, pyroxene and kyanite, and increased densities. Preliminary indications from literature points towards a locally passive Nasa Basement with limited translation, but because of too little documentation it cannot be assured metamorphic inertia under fluid absence has been unimportant in the basement evolution. To address this highly structural issue, field reconnaissance mapping and sampling was carried out, and aimed to achieve a structural characterisation of historic deformation back to Proterozoic time. Observations were collected from 166 outcrop vicinities, and 17 of 27 carefully examined thin sections aimed to describe microscopic structures, in addition to mineral relation to metamorphic minerals. Collected evidences in this project encompass a Proterozoic macroscopic concentric fold with axis striking NW-SE, as well as, mesoscopic folds striking WNW-ESE. Tectonic movements record syn-collisional top-SE and post- collisional top-SW translation, which truncate weakly shortened and foliated blocks. Basement blocks locally preserve igneous coarse but weakly recrystallized texture fabrics. Overall optically produced paleothermometry indicates low- to medium grade facies conditions of deformation, through widespread bulging recrystallization, occasional subgrain rotation and rare grain boundary migration in quartz. Feldspar response to deformation is brittle and rarely ductile. Hydrous biotite, chlorite and epidote are abundant. Mineralogy together with an observed average density of 2,6 g/cm3 can possibly reject the idea of unreacted local continental subduction to eclogite depths, due to the overall presence of hydrous mineral phases. Top-to-the shear sense proves Caledonian reactivation, but Bourguer anomaly indicates at least locally an important limited translation. NW-SE striking lineaments and strikes of foliation show best accordance with lineaments mapped in Norway and alignment with tectonic contacts in the Baltica interior, and do so show the best examples of candidates for Proterozoic structures.
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Martins, Sabrina Cristina [UNESP]. "Caracterização geoambiental como subsídio ao planejamento urbano e turístico em Amparo (SP)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92808.
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martins_sc_me_rcla.pdf: 2787932 bytes, checksum: 85a1041bda901935df0d5bad315656bb (MD5)Esta dissertação objetivou principalmente a elaboração de um mapa de unidades geoambientais, ou seja, um produto cartográfico onde os elementos do meio físico são estudados a partir da análise integrada para a determinação de potencialidades e limitações dos terrenos. O mapeamento geoambiental aliado à cartografia geotécnica fornece informações fundamentais sobre o meio físico, o que é essencial para subsidiar instrumentos de gestão pública, na definição do uso adequado de áreas naturais, como os pontos turísticos. A área estudada compreende uma porção de 220 km² da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Camanducaia, no município de Amparo, que foi escolhido pela sua condição de Estância Hidromineral localizada em área serrana e com isso abrigar áreas de intensa atividade turística. A partir da interpretação de fotografias aéreas e compartimentação fisiográfica foram delimitadas zonas geoambientais, balizadas pelos estudos regionais de geomorfologia e geologia. Com a elaboração de mapas preliminares (Declividades, Hipsométrico e Modelo de elevação de terreno) foi possível compreender as variações altimétricas, além da morfologia do relevo. O produto final, o Mapa de Unidades Geoambientais, apresenta a área dividida em sete unidades: 1) planícies aluviais, 2) rampas colúvio-eluviais, 3) migmatitos em relevo de morrotes e morros, 4) gnaisses e migmatitos em relevo de morros, 5) gnaisses e migmatitos em topos de morros, 6) quartzitos em relevo montanhoso e 7) depósito de tálus e colúvio em sopé de montanha. Todas as unidades foram caracterizadas detalhadamente e descritas suas limitações e potencialidades à ocupação urbana e desenvolvimento do turismo no município
The main objective of this study was to generate a map of geo-environmental units, ie, a cartographic product in which the elements of the physical environment are studied based on integrated analysis to determine capabilities and limitations of the land. Geoenvironmental mapping combined with geotechnical cartography provides key information on the physical environment, which is essential to support public management tools in defining the appropriate use of natural areas such as tourist places. The study area covers a portion of 220 km ² of Camanducaia River Basin in Amparo, São Paulo State, which was chosen for its condition hydromineral spa located in mountainous area and thereby comprise areas of intense tourist activity. From the interpretation of aerial photographs and compartmentalization of physiographic zones were delimited geoenvironmental, buoyed by regional studies of geomorphology and geology. On the development of preliminary maps (slope, hypsometric and elevation terrain model) it was possible to understand the altimetric variations, and the morphology of the relief. As result, it was obtained an Unit Geoenvironmental Map, that presents the area divided into seven units: 1) floodplains, 2) eluvial-colluvial slopes, 3) migmatites in relief and hillock hills, 4) gneisses and migmatites in relief of hills, 5) gneisses and migmatites on the tops of hills, 6) in quartzite mountainous and 7) deposit of talus and colluvium at the base of the mountain. All units were characterized in detail and its limitations and potential urban to settlement was described
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Nygren, Michelle. "Geological Mapping of the Glenurquhart Complex near Loch Ness, Scotland." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-131062.
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Amorim, Gustavo Marques e. "Difusão de conhecimentos geocientíficos por meio de web-mapping : ensaio de aplicação temática com geoturismo em uma região da borda leste da bacia do Paraná /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102982.
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Orientador: Norberto MoralesBanca: Gilberto José Garcia
Banca: Mariselma Ferreira Zaine
Banca: Marjorie Cseko Nolasco
Banca: Maurício Copiani
Resumo: A proposta deste trabalho foi utilizar um aplicativo de Web-Mapping baseado em dados geocientíficos para a construção de uma base de consulta e divulgação de dados voltados para o geoturismo. A área pesquisada está localizada entre os paralelos 22º00'/22º45'S e meridianos 48º00'/47º30'W, abrangendo municípios de importância regional como Americana, Leme, Limeira, Piracicaba, Rio Claro e São Carlos, no interior do estado de São Paulo, interligados por rodovias pavimentadas e de grande tráfego de veículos (SP-310, SP-330 e SP-348). Os atributos físicos da região incluem grandes bacias hidrográficas (Piracicaba/Jacaré/Mogi-Guaçu), províncias geomorfológicas (Depressão Periférica Paulista/Planalto Ocidental Paulista), pacotes de rochas paleozóicas, mesozóicas e cenozóicas que, com o passar do tempo, formaram o relevo e vários cenários naturais ou atrativos turísticos, como cachoeiras, morros e cavernas. O conhecimento geocientífico sobre a região é vasto, e o aplicativo criado facilita o acesso às informações na forma de mapas, textos simplificados e imagens. A região corresponde a nove cartas topográficas, preparadas em base georrferenciada, com inclusão de layers de informação geológico-geomorfológica, alimentados com a compilação, sistematização e organização de material cartográfico e bibliográfico, trazendo ainda a seleção, adaptação e escolha de locais de interesse geológicogeomorfológico. Inclui também um roteiro de construção que possibilita a reprodução do aplicativo, mesmo que parcial. São apresentados 39 locais de interesse selecionados, que contemplam informações sobre a região para o público em geral, permitindo que eles conheçam melhor os aspectos geológicos, geomorfológicos, paleontológicos e a importância da área. A utilização do aplicativo em rede... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to use a Web-mapping application based on geoscientific data to construct a basis for dissemination and consultation focused on geotourism. The studied area is located between parallels 22 º 00 '/ 22 ° 45'S and meridians 48 º 00' / 47 ° 30'W, covering cities of regional importance as Americana, Leme Limeira, Piracicaba, Rio Claro and São Carlos, in the state of Sao Paulo, interconnected by paved roads and large vehicle traffic (SP-310, SP-330 e SP-348). Physical attributes of the region include large watershed (Piracicaba / Jacaré / Mogi Guaçu), geomorphological provinces (Depressão Periférica Peripheral / Planalto Ocidental Paulista) and packages of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks that, over time, formed the relief and various natural sceneries and tourist attractions such as waterfalls, hills and caves. Geoscientific knowledge about the region is vast, and the created applicative facilitates access to information in the form of maps, simplified texts and images. Studied region corresponds to nine topographic maps prepared on a georeferenced basis, with the inclusion of layers of geological-geomorphological information, bearing compilation, systematization and organization of bibliographic and cartographic material, bringing even the selection, adaptation and selection of sites of geological and geomorphological interests. It also includes a construction guide that enables the reproduction of the applicative, even if only partially. The study presents 39 selected places of interest, which include information on the region for the general public, allowing them to know better the geological, geomorphological, and paleontological significance and its importance for the area. The use of the applicative in the global network can lead the region to expand its tourist potential, using this tool to spread... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Amorim, Gustavo Marques e. [UNESP]. "Difusão de conhecimentos geocientíficos por meio de web-mapping: ensaio de aplicação temática com geoturismo em uma região da borda leste da bacia do Paraná." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102982.
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amorim_gm_dr_rcla.pdf: 6648887 bytes, checksum: a366c1f10e500cb9f57b5af540843c4b (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
A proposta deste trabalho foi utilizar um aplicativo de Web-Mapping baseado em dados geocientíficos para a construção de uma base de consulta e divulgação de dados voltados para o geoturismo. A área pesquisada está localizada entre os paralelos 22º00’/22º45’S e meridianos 48º00’/47º30’W, abrangendo municípios de importância regional como Americana, Leme, Limeira, Piracicaba, Rio Claro e São Carlos, no interior do estado de São Paulo, interligados por rodovias pavimentadas e de grande tráfego de veículos (SP-310, SP-330 e SP-348). Os atributos físicos da região incluem grandes bacias hidrográficas (Piracicaba/Jacaré/Mogi-Guaçu), províncias geomorfológicas (Depressão Periférica Paulista/Planalto Ocidental Paulista), pacotes de rochas paleozóicas, mesozóicas e cenozóicas que, com o passar do tempo, formaram o relevo e vários cenários naturais ou atrativos turísticos, como cachoeiras, morros e cavernas. O conhecimento geocientífico sobre a região é vasto, e o aplicativo criado facilita o acesso às informações na forma de mapas, textos simplificados e imagens. A região corresponde a nove cartas topográficas, preparadas em base georrferenciada, com inclusão de layers de informação geológico-geomorfológica, alimentados com a compilação, sistematização e organização de material cartográfico e bibliográfico, trazendo ainda a seleção, adaptação e escolha de locais de interesse geológicogeomorfológico. Inclui também um roteiro de construção que possibilita a reprodução do aplicativo, mesmo que parcial. São apresentados 39 locais de interesse selecionados, que contemplam informações sobre a região para o público em geral, permitindo que eles conheçam melhor os aspectos geológicos, geomorfológicos, paleontológicos e a importância da área. A utilização do aplicativo em rede...
The purpose of this study was to use a Web-mapping application based on geoscientific data to construct a basis for dissemination and consultation focused on geotourism. The studied area is located between parallels 22 º 00 '/ 22 ° 45'S and meridians 48 º 00' / 47 ° 30'W, covering cities of regional importance as Americana, Leme Limeira, Piracicaba, Rio Claro and São Carlos, in the state of Sao Paulo, interconnected by paved roads and large vehicle traffic (SP-310, SP-330 e SP-348). Physical attributes of the region include large watershed (Piracicaba / Jacaré / Mogi Guaçu), geomorphological provinces (Depressão Periférica Peripheral / Planalto Ocidental Paulista) and packages of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks that, over time, formed the relief and various natural sceneries and tourist attractions such as waterfalls, hills and caves. Geoscientific knowledge about the region is vast, and the created applicative facilitates access to information in the form of maps, simplified texts and images. Studied region corresponds to nine topographic maps prepared on a georeferenced basis, with the inclusion of layers of geological-geomorphological information, bearing compilation, systematization and organization of bibliographic and cartographic material, bringing even the selection, adaptation and selection of sites of geological and geomorphological interests. It also includes a construction guide that enables the reproduction of the applicative, even if only partially. The study presents 39 selected places of interest, which include information on the region for the general public, allowing them to know better the geological, geomorphological, and paleontological significance and its importance for the area. The use of the applicative in the global network can lead the region to expand its tourist potential, using this tool to spread... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Yetkin, Erdem. "Alteration mapping by remote mapping by remote sensing Application to Hasandağ- Melendiz volcanic complex /." Ankara : METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1090927/index.pdf.
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Wilson, Kenneth T. "Shoreface mapping and sand resource inventory North Topsail Beach and Surf City, North Carolina /." View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-1/willsonk/kennethwillson.pdf.
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Shearer, Andrew. "The application of ground based and airborne radiometric methods to aid geological mapping in the Olary Province, South Australia /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbs539.pdf.
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McCracken, Janet Rae. "Phenomenographic instructional design : case studies in geological mapping and materials science." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270015.
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McCracken, Janet. "Phenomenographic instructional design : case studies in geological mapping and materials science." n.p, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Savage, Shannon Lea. "Mapping changes in Yellowstone's geothermal areas." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/savage/SavageS0809.pdf.
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Yellowstone National Park (YNP) contains the world's largest concentration of geothermal features, and is legally mandated to protect and monitor these natural features. Remote sensing is a component of the current geothermal monitoring plan. Landsat satellite data have a substantial historical archive and will be collected into the future, making it the only available thermal imagery for historical analysis and long-term monitoring of geothermal areas in the entirety of YNP. Landsat imagery from Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensors was explored as a tool for mapping geothermal heat flux and geothermally active areas within YNP and to develop a change analysis technique for scientists to utilize with additional Landsat data available from 1978 through the foreseeable future. Terrestrial emittance and estimates of geothermal heat flux were calculated for the entirety of YNP with two Landsat images from 2007 (TM) and 2002 (ETM+). Terrestrial emittance for fourteen summer dates from 1986 to 2007 was calculated for defined geothermal areas and utilized in a change analysis. Spatial and temporal change trajectories of terrestrial emittance were examined. Trajectories of locations with known change events were also examined. Relationships between the temporal clusters and spatial groupings and several change vectors (distance to geologic faults, distance to large water bodies, and distance to earthquake swarms) were explored. Finally, TM data from 2007 were used to classify geothermally active areas inside the defined geothermal areas as well as throughout YNP and a 30-km buffer around YNP. Estimations of geothermal heat flux were inaccurate due to inherent limitations of Landsat data combined with complexities arising from the effects of solar radiation and spatial and temporal variation of vegetation, microbes, steam outflows, and other features at each geothermal area. Terrestrial emittance, however, was estimated with acceptable results. The change analysis showed a relationship between absolute difference in terrestrial emittance and earthquake swarms, with 34% of the variation explained. Accuracies for the classifications of geothermally active areas were poor, but the method used for classification, random forest, could be a suitable method given higher resolution thermal imagery and better reference data.
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Dias, Luiz Gustavo da Silveira. "Caracteriza??o geol?gica, geoqu?mica e geocronol?gica da su?te plut?nica enoproteroz?ica da regi?o de Serrinha, por??o centro-leste do maci?o S?o Jos? de Campestre, sudeste do RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18839.
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Previous issue date: 2006-08-31Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The of Serrinha plutonic suite, northeastern portion of the Borborema Province (NE Brazil), is characterized by a voluminous and diversified magmatism of Neoproterozoic age, intrusive in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic gneissic-migmatitic basement of the S?o Jos? de Campestre massif. Field relations and petrographic and geochemical data allowed us to individualize different lithologic types among this plutonic suite, which is represented by intermediate to mafic enclaves, porphyritic diorites, porphyritic granitoids, porphyritic granodiorites, microporphyritic granites and dykes/sheets of microgranite. The intermediate-to-mafic enclaves occur associated with porphyritic granitoids, showing mixture textures. The porphyrytic diorites occur as isolated bodies, generally associated with intermediate-to-mafic enclaves and locally as enclaves within porphyritic granites. The granodiorites represent mixing between an intermediate to mafic magma with an acidic one. The micropophyritic granites occur as isolated small bodies, generally deformed, while the microgranite dykes/sheets crosscut all the previous granitoids. A U-Pb zircon age of 576 + 3 Ma was obtained for the Serrinha granite. This age is interpreted as age of the peak of the regional ductile deformational event (D3) and of the associated the E-W Rio Jacu shear zone, which control the emplacement of the Neoproterozoic syntectonic plutons. The porphyrytic granitoids show monzogranitic composition, transitional between peraluminous and metaluminous types, typically of the high potassium subalkaline-calc-alkaline series. The intermediate-to-mafic enclaves present vary from quartz diorite to tonalite/granodiorite, with metaluminous, shoshonitic affinity. The diorites are generally quartz-monzodiorite in composition, with metaluminous, subalkaline affinity. They display coarse-grained, inequigranular, porphyrytic texture, with predominance of plagioclase phenocrystals immersed in a matrix composed of biotite and pyroxenes. The microporphyrytic granites are essentially monzogranites of fine- to medium-grained texture, whereas microgranite dikes/sheets varying from monzogranites to syenogranites, with fine to media texture, equigranular. The diversified magmatism occurring at a relatively small surface associated with shear zones, suggests lithospheric dimensions for such structures, with magma extractions from different depths within the lower crust and upper mantle. The geological, geochemical and geochronological characteristics of the Serrinha plutonic suite suggest a pos-collisional geodynamic context for the Neoproterozoic magmatism. Thermobarometric data show emplacement conditions in the range 5-6 kbar (AlTamphibole) and 730-740?C (plagioclase-amphibole) for the porphyrytic granitoids (Serrinha body) and the intermediate-to-mafic enclaves
A su?te plut?nica da regi?o de Serrinha, localizada no extremo nordeste da Prov?ncia Borborema (NE do Brasil), caracteriza-se por um volumoso e diversificado magmatismo de idade neoproteroz?ica, intrusivo no substrato gn?issico-migmat?tico, de idade arqueana a paleoproteroz?ica, do Maci?o S?o Jos? de Campestre. Rela??es de campo, dados petrogr?ficos e geoqu?micos permitiram individualizar os diferentes tipos litol?gicos desta su?te plut?nica, que s?o representados por encraves intermedi?rios a m?ficos, rochas dior?ticas porfir?ticas, granit?ides porfir?ticos, granodioritos porfir?ticos, granitos microporfir?ticos e diques/sheets microgran?ticos. Os encraves intermedi?rios a m?ficos ocorrem, principalmente, associados aos granit?ides porfir?ticos, exibindo fei??es de mistura. Os dioritos porfir?ticos ocorrem como corpos isolados, associados com encraves intermedi?rios a m?ficos, e localmente como encraves nos granitos porfir?ticos. Os granodioritos representam um f?cies t?pico de mistura entre um magma intermedi?rio a m?fico, dior?tico, e outro ?cido, granitico. Os granitos microporfir?ticos apresentam-se como pequenos corpos isolados, geralmente deformados. Os diques e sheets microgran?ticos s?o tardios na seq??ncia magm?tica da ?rea estudada, com rela??es intrusivas nas demais unidades magm?ticas. Uma idada U-Pb em zirc?o de 576 + 3 Ma foi obtida para o Granito Serrinha, que ocorre controlado por uma zona de cisalhamento de dire??o geral E-W (Zona de Cisalhamento Rio Jacu). Tendo em vista o car?ter sintect?nico desse pl?ton, essa idade marca a sua coloca??o e o pico da deforma??o D3 associada. Este evento ? respons?vel pela atual arquitetura estrutural da ?rea mapeada, com gera??o da tect?nica ranscorrente/distensional impressa nas zonas de cisalhamento que controlam o alojamento dos pl?tons neoproteroz?icos. Os granit?ides porfir?ticos apresentam composi??o predominantemente monzogran?tica, apresentando caracter?sticas transicionais entre peraluminosos e metaluminosos, tipicamente de afinidade subalcalina - c?lcio-alcalina de alto K. Os encraves intermedi?rios a m?ficos variam de quartzo dioritos a tonalitos/granodioritos, com textura faner?tica fina a m?dia. S?o rochas metaluminosas de afinidade shoshon?tica. As rochas dior?ticas porfir?ticas s?o principalmente quartzo monzodioritos, com textura inequigranular porfir?tica, com predom?nio de fenocristais de plagiocl?sio imersos numa matriz composta por biotita e pirox?nios. S?o rochas metaluminosas, de afinidade subalcalina m?fica. Os granitos microporfir?ticos s?o essencialmente monzogranitos de textura fina a m?dia, inequigranular, e os diques e sheetsmicrogran?ticos apresentam composi??o variando de monzogranitos a sienogranitos, com textura fina, equigranular. Apesar da pouca quantidade de dados, essas rochas apresentam caracter?sticas de afinidade geoqu?mica com a s?rie c?lcio-alcalina de alto K. O diversificado magmatismo ocorrendo em uma superf?cie relativamente pequena, associado a zonas de cisalhamento, apontam dimens?es litosf?ricas para essas estruturas, com extra??o de magmas a partir de diferentes n?veis da crosta e do manto superior. As caracter?sticas geol?gicas, geoqu?micas e geocronol?gicas da su?te plut?nica Neoproteroz?ica da regi?o de Serrinha sugerem um contexto geodin?mico p?s-colisional para a coloca??o dos corpos estudados ao final da orog?nese Neoproteroz?ica. Dados termobarom?tricos apontam condi??es P-T da ordem de 5-6 kbar (AlT-anfib?lio) e 730-740?C (plagiocl?sio-anfib?lio) para a coloca??o dos granit?ides porfir?ticos e encraves intermedi?rios a m?ficos associados
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Mackin, Stephen. "Mineralogical mapping using airborne imaging spectrometry data." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6306/.
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With the development of airborne, high spectral resolution imaging spectrometers, we now have a tool, that allows us to examine surface materials with enough spectral detail to identify them. Identification is based on the analysis of position and shape of absorption features in the material spectra in the visible and infrared (0.4µm to 2.5µm). These absorption features are caused by the interaction of Electro-Magnetic Radiation (EMR) with the atoms and molecules of the surface material. Airborne data were collected to evaluate these new high spectral resolution systems. The data quality was assessed prior to processing and analysis and several problems were noted for each data set (striping, geometric distortion, etc.). These problems required some preparation of the data. After data preparation, data processing methods were evaluated, concentrating primarily on the log residuals and hull quotients methods. The processing steps convert the data to a form suitable for analysis. The data was analysed using the Spectral Analysis Manager (SPAM) package, developed by JPL. Two Imaging spectrometers were evaluated. The AIS - 1 instrument was flown over an area in Queensland, Australia. Ground data and laboratory work confirmed the presence of anomalous areas detected by the instrument. The data quality was poor and only basic classification of the data was possible. Anomalies were classed as "GREEN VEGETATION", "DRY VEGETATION", "CLAY" or "CARBONATE" based on the position of the major absorptions observed. The second instrument, the GER - II was flown over an area of Nevada, USA. Ground data and laboratory work confirmed the presence of the anomalies detected by the instrument. The data quality was somewhat better. Identification of sericite, dolomite and illite was possible. However, most of the area could still only be classed in the broad groupings listed above. To conclude, the effectiveness of identification is limited to a large degree by the poor data quality. If the data quality can be improved, techniques can be applied to automatically locate and identify material spectra, from the airborne data alone.
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Leyland, R. C. "Vulnerability mapping in karst terrains, exemplified in the wider Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02112009-171849/.
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Bates, Jeffrey Kenneth. "An evaluation of digital elevation models and geotechnical properties of the glacial deposits in Franklin County, Ohio, using a geographic information system." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1189559602.
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Bargel, Terje H. "Quaternary geological Mapping of Fennoscandia and Nordland : Deglaciation, Deposits, Stratigraphy and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1803.
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Quaternary geological mapping is performed by geological surveys in most countries. At the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), mapping of the surficial deposits has been one of the main tasks from the establishment of the institution in 1858, in the beginning mainly as an aid for agriculture and forestry. During recent decades, society's needs for information on the Quaternary deposits has increased, particularly within the fields of environment and health, physical planning, economy and supply of natural resources.
Geological mapping is not looked upon as a science by everyone, but its results have often proved to be valuable in a scientific context as the extensive database the maps represent give valuable information, useful in, e.g. the study of regional trends. Geological mapping can, however, be regarded as a journey of discovery, which is the basis for most scientific research on the development of the earth's crust and which provides a framework with which all laboratory-based research must be compatible.
Much detail information is also recorded (analog or digital), for example the location of exposed sections in distant areas and details beyond the reach of aerial photo interpretation, e.g. in heavily forested areas or of objects too small to be identified on aerial photos or maps. In addition, much sedimentological and stratigraphical work has to be performed during the fieldwork in order to understand the genesis of the deposits. Creation of geological models of the areas is an important part of the mapping activity that is necessary for attainment of an understanding of the Quaternary geological history on a regional scale.
What could be criticized is the fact that the many mapping geologists involved have not used, or have had the opportunity to use, the enormous data at hand to do more science and to tell the layman what the results of the geological mapping mean.
This thesis is a contribution to understanding of the Quaternary geology of Central Fennoscandia with special emphasis on the Nordland area. The thesis has the following aims:
A. To compile four Quaternary geological maps of Central Fennoscandia (showing surficial deposits, geomorphology and paleohydrography, ice flow indicators and stratigraphy) and a Quaternary geological map of the surficial deposits of Nordland.
B. To create a link between the Quaternary geological maps, applications of the map-data and studies of Quaternary geological history (Part I).
C. To present a coordinated description of the five Quaternary geological maps and compile a review of the Late Weichselian and Early Holocene deglaciation history of the mapped area (Part II).
D. To identify areas for in-depth investigation of the deglaciation and to perform these studies (Part III).
A. COMPILATION OF QUATERNARY GEOLOGICAL MAPS
This thesis is based on the data included in five maps of Quaternary Geology (Fig. A1):
1. Quaternary Deposits of Central Fennoscandia (scale 1:1,000,000) (Fig. A2)
2. Glacial Geomorphology and Palaeohydrography of Central Fennoscandia (scale 1:1,000,000) (Fig. A3)
3. Ice-flow Indicators of Central Fennoscandia (scale 1:1,000,000) (Fig. A4)
4. Quaternary Stratigraphy of Central Fennoscandia (scale 1:2,000,000) (Fig. A4)
5. Quaternary Deposits in Nordland County (scale 1:400,000) (Fig. A5)
Due to copyright enclosures 1-5 are not included in the online version of this thesis, neither is the CD-ROM referred to in page 14.
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Opiyo-Akech, Norbert. "Geology and geochemistry of the late Archaean greenstone associations, Maseno area, Kenya." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35080.
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The greenstone belt of Kenya is an extension of what is commonly referred to as the Tanganyika "Shield". The two supracrustal sequences recognized in Kenya are the Nyanzian and the Kavirondian. The rocks found in these sequences are diverse, with dominant volcanics in the Nyanzian, whereas the Kavirondian is predominantly sedimentary. The Nyanzian lavas represent a diverse range from basalts and basaltic andesites, through andesites and dacites to rhyolites. From geochemical studies the basalts and basaltic andesites are tholeiitic, whereas the andesites, dacites and rhyolites are calc-alkaline. The sedimentary sequence ranges from mudstone, through shales, sandstones and grits to conglomerates. The plutonic rocks range in composition from gabbro to true granites, but tonalite is the dominant rock type. The chemical differences between the tholeiitic basalts and the calc-alkaline andesitic to rhyolitic sequences suggests that these volcanic suites are derived from different sources and/or through different processes. The granitoids have close chemical similarities with the silicic volcanics. From the geochemical and field relationships, the Nyanzian and Kavirondian sequences are considered to have developed on a continental segment which had not yet attained full stability. The model employed for the generation of these volcanics considers the basalts to have been generated in a region undergoing extension, similar to that of a modern back-arc environment, whereas the calc-alkaline sequences, including the granitoids, are broadly comparable with those found in present day continental arc environments.
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Foy, Travis A. "Quaternary faulting in Clayton Valley, Nevada: implications for distributed deformation in the Eastern California shear zone-walker lane." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39561.
Full textAbstract:
The eastern California shear zone (ECSZ) and Walker Lane belt represent an important inland component of the Pacific-North America plate boundary. Current geodetic data indicate accumulation of transtensional shear at a rate of ~9.2 ± 0.3 mm/yr across the region, more than double the total geologic rate (<3.5 mm/yr) for faults in the northern ECSZ over the late Pleistocene [Bennett et al., 2003, Kirby et al., 2006, Lee et al., 2009, Frankel et al., 2007]. Unraveling the strain puzzle of the Walker Lane is therefore essential to understanding both how deformation is distributed through the lithosphere along this transtensional part of the Pacific-North America plate boundary and how the plate boundary is evolving through time. The observed mismatch between geodetic and geologic slip rates in the central Walker Lane is characteristic of other active tectonic settings, including the nearby Mojave segment of the ECSZ [Oskin et al., 2008] and the Altyn Tagh fault in China [Cowgill, 2007]. In each case, lack of fault slip data spanning multiple temporal and spatial scales hinders interpretation of fault interactions and their implications for lithospheric dynamics. The discrepancy between geodetic and geologic slip rates in the central Walker Lane indicates that if strain rates have remained constant since the late Pleistocene [e.g. Frankel et al., in press], then the "missing" strain is distributed on structures other than the two major dextral faults at this latitude (Death Valley-Fish Lake Valley fault and White Mountains fault). Otherwise the region could presently be experiencing a strain transient similar to that of the nearby Mojave section of the ECSZ [e.g., Oskin et al., 2008], or the rate of strain accumulation could actually increasing over the late Pleistocene [e.g. Reheis and Sawyer, 1997; Hoeft and Frankel, 2010]. The Silver Peak-Lone Mountain extensional complex (SPLM), to which the Clayton Valley faults belong, is the prime candidate to account for the "missing" strain. The down-to-the-northwest orientation of the SPLM faults makes them the most kinematically suitable structures to accommodate the regional pattern of NW-SE dextral shear.
We use differential GPS to measure fault offset and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) geochronology to date offset landforms. Using these tools, we measure extension rates that are time-invariant, ranging from 0.1 ± 0.1 to 0.3 ± 0.1 mm/yr for fault dips of 30° and 60°. These rates are not high enough to account for the discrepancy between geologic and geodetic data in the ECSZ-Walker Lane transition zone. Based on geologic mapping and previously published geophysical data [Davis, 1981; Zampirro, 2005], deformation through Clayton Valley appears to be very widely-distributed. The diffuse nature of deformation leads to geologic slip rates that are underestimated due to the effects of off-fault deformation and unrecognized fault strands. Our results from Clayton Valley suggest that the discrepancy between geodetic and geologic strain rates at the latitude of the northern ECSZ is a result of long-term geologic rates that are underestimated. If the true geologic rates could be calculated, they would likely be significantly higher and therefore in closer agreement with geodetic data, as is the case everywhere else in the ECSZ north of the Garlock fault [Frankel et al., 2007a, in press; Kirby et al., 2008; Lee et al., 2009a].