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Journal articles on the topic 'Maraging 350'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Viswanathan, U. K., G. K. Dey, and M. K. Asundi. "Precipitation hardening in 350 grade maraging steel." Metallurgical Transactions A 24, no. 11 (1993): 2429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02646522.

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2

Gerlich, D., R. B. Roberts, G. K. White, and R. Tainsh. "Thermoelastic properties of 350 grade maraging steel." Journal of Materials Science 25, no. 4 (1990): 2249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01045797.

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3

Tavares, S. S. M., H. F. G. Abreu, J. M. Neto, M. R. da Silva, and I. Popa. "A magnetic study of the maraging 350 steel." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 272-276 (May 2004): 785–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.11.266.

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4

Li, Xiaodong, and Zhongda Yin. "Reverted austenite during aging in 18Ni(350) maraging steel." Materials Letters 24, no. 4 (1995): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(95)00109-3.

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5

Ahmed, M., I. Salam, I. Nasim, S. W. Hussain, F. H. Hashmi, and A. Q. Khan. "Reclamation and additional alloying of 18Ni(350) maraging steel." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 3, no. 3 (1994): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02645336.

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6

ul Haq, A., and A. Q. Khan. "The rolling texture of 18% Ni-350 maraging steel." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 2, no. 1 (1993): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02649679.

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7

Nunes, G. C. S., P. W. C. Sarvezuk, V. Biondo, et al. "Structural and magnetic characterization of martensitic Maraging-350 steel." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 646 (October 2015): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.008.

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8

Tewari, R., S. Mazumder, I. S. Batra, G. K. Dey, and S. Banerjee. "Precipitation in 18 wt% Ni maraging steel of grade 350." Acta Materialia 48, no. 5 (2000): 1187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(99)00370-5.

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9

Li, Xiaodong, and Zhongda Yin. "Mössbauer study of the aging behavior of 18Ni(350) maraging steel." Materials Letters 24, no. 4 (1995): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(95)00105-0.

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10

Tavares, S. S. M., M. R. da Silva, J. M. Neto, J. M. Pardal, M. P. Cindra Fonseca, and H. F. G. Abreu. "Magnetic properties of a Ni–Co–Mo–Ti maraging 350 steel." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 373, no. 1-2 (2004): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.11.009.

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11

Cerra Florez, Mauro Andrés, Úrsula Cid Pereira, Jorge Luiz Cardoso, et al. "Microstructural characterization of grade 300 and grade 350 maraging steels and electrochemical study in hydrofluoric solution." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 243 (March 2021): 109738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109738.

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12

Nunes, G. C. S., P. W. C. Sarvezuk, T. J. B. Alves, V. Biondo, F. F. Ivashita, and A. Paesano. "Maraging-350 steel: Following the aging through diffractometric, magnetic and hyperfine analysis." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 421 (January 2017): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.08.052.

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13

Ali, A., M. Ahmed, F. H. Hashmi, and A. Q. Khan. "Austenite reversion in cold formed 18 wt-%Ni 350 grade maraging steel." Materials Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (1994): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1994.10.2.97.

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14

Carvalho, Leandro Gomes de, Margareth Spangler Andrade, Ronald Lesley Plaut, Fabrício Mendes Souza, and Angelo Fernando Padilha. "A dilatometric study of the phase transformations in 300 and 350 maraging steels during continuous heating rates." Materials Research 16, no. 4 (2013): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-14392013005000069.

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15

Strakosova, Angelina, Jiří Kubásek, Alena Michalcová, Filip Průša, Dalibor Vojtěch, and Drahomír Dvorský. "High Strength X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5 Maraging Steel Prepared by Selective Laser Melting from Atomized Powder." Materials 12, no. 24 (2019): 4174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244174.

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Maraging steels are generally characterized by excellent mechanical properties, which make them ideal for various industrial applications. The application field can be further extended by using selective laser melting (SLM) for additive manufacturing of shape complicated products. However, the final mechanical properties are strongly related to the microstructure conditions. The present work studies the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D printed samples prepared from powder of high-strength X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5 maraging steel. It was found that the as-printed material had quite low mechanical properties. After sufficient heat treatment, the hardness of the material increased from 350 to 620 HV0.1 and the tensile yield strength increased from 1000 MPa up to 2000 MPa. In addition, 3% ductility was maintained. This behavior was primarily affected by strong precipitation during processing.

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16

Carvalho, Leandro Gomes de, Ronald Lesley Plaut, Nelson Batista de Lima, and Angelo Fernando Padilha. "Kinetics of Martensite Reversion to Austenite during Overaging in a Maraging 350 Steel." ISIJ International 59, no. 6 (2019): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2018-610.

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17

Viswanathan, U. K., T. R. G. Kutty, R. Keswani, and C. Ganguly. "Evaluation of hot hardness and creep of a 350 grade commercial maraging steel." Journal of Materials Science 31, no. 10 (1996): 2705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00687304.

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18

Li, Xiaodong, Zhongda Yin, and Haibin Li. "M�ssbauer study of the 430 �C decomposition of 18Ni(350) maraging steel." Journal of Materials Science Letters 15, no. 4 (1996): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00591648.

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19

Li, Xiaodong, and Zhongda Yin. "A computer-simulated electron diffraction analysis of precipitates in 18Ni(350) maraging steel." Materials Letters 23, no. 4-6 (1995): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(95)00053-4.

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20

Viswanathan, U. K., R. Kishore, and M. K. Asundi. "Effect of thermal cycling on the mechanical properties of 350-grade maraging steel." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 27, no. 3 (1996): 757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02648963.

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21

Li, X. D., Z. D. Yin, H. B. Li, et al. "Mössbauer study of the early stages of aging in 18Ni(350) maraging steel." Materials Chemistry and Physics 33, no. 3-4 (1993): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0254-0584(93)90075-w.

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22

Tavares, S. S. M., H. F. G. Abreu, J. M. Neto, M. R. da Silva, and I. Popa. "A thermomagnetic study of the martensite–austenite phase transition in the maraging 350 steel." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 358, no. 1-2 (2003): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(03)00335-9.

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23

Abreu, Hamilton F. G., Jean J. Silva, Manoel R. Silva, and Marcelo J. Gomes da Silva. "Influence of reverted austenite on the texture and magnetic properties of 350 maraging steel." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 393 (November 2015): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.05.037.

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24

Dayakar, K., K. V. M. Krishnam Raju, and Ch Rama Bhadri Raju. "Prediction and optimization of surface roughness and MRR in wire EDM of maraging steel 350." Materials Today: Proceedings 18 (2019): 2123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.635.

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25

Khan, S. H., A. Nusair Khan, F. Ali, M. A. Iqbal, and H. K. Shukaib. "Study of precipitation behavior at moderate temperatures in 350 maraging steel by eddy current method." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 474, no. 1-2 (2009): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.06.111.

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26

Florez, Mauro Andres Cerra, Gemma Fargas Ribas, Joan Josep Roa Rovira, et al. "Characterization Study of an Oxide Film Layer Produced under CO2/Steam Atmospheres on Two Different Maraging Steel Grades." Metals 11, no. 5 (2021): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11050746.

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Currently, surface treatments lead to inducing a superficial layer of several nanometers up to micrometer, which in some cases can be protective. In this experimental work, an oxide layer was generated under different atmospheres (CO2 and steam atmospheres) during the thermal aging treatment of two different maraging grades, 300 and 350. Afterwards, this layer was microstructural and mechanically characterized by advanced characterization techniques at the micro- and submicron length scale to highlight some information related to the generated oxide layer. The results showed that the oxide layer (in both grades) was made up of several compounds like: TiO2, MoO3, hematite (α-Fe2O3), and CoFe2O4, this being the majority compound distributed homogeneously throughout the layer. Furthermore, a nickel-rich austenitic phase at the interphase was mainly made up cobalt ions (Co2+), instead of iron ions (Fe2+), within the spinel lattice.

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27

Viana, Neuman Fontenele, Cristiana dos Santos Nunes, and Hamilton Ferreira Gomes de Abreu. "The variant selection in the transformation from austenite to martensite in samples of maraging-350 steel." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2, no. 4 (2013): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2013.03.017.

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28

Kapoor, R., Lalit Kumar, and I. S. Batra. "A dilatometric study of the continuous heating transformations in 18wt.% Ni maraging steel of grade 350." Materials Science and Engineering: A 352, no. 1-2 (2003): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(02)00934-6.

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29

Viswanathan, U. K., G. K. Dey, and V. Sethumadhavan. "Effects of austenite reversion during overageing on the mechanical properties of 18 Ni (350) maraging steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 398, no. 1-2 (2005): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.03.074.

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30

HAYASHI, KOUSUKE, TAKANORI NAGANO, MICHIHIKO MORIYAMA, XISHU WANG, and NORIO KAWAGOISHI. "EFFECTS OF AGING STRUCTURES AND HUMIDITY ON FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF MARAGING STEEL." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 06 (January 2012): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512003352.

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Effects of aging structures and humidity on fatigue properties of 350 grade 18% Ni maraging steel were investigated under rotating bending in relative humidity of 25% and 85%. Aging conditions tested were a conventional single aging and a double one which was aged at low temperature after the conventional aging. In each aging, under and peak aged steels were prepared. Tensile strength was increased by the double aging without reduction of the ductility. Proportional relation between fatigue limit and Vickers hardness held until 750HV in low humidity. However fatigue strength was largely decreased by high humidity, especially in the peak aged steel at the single aging. The decrease in fatigue strength by high humidity was mainly caused by the acceleration of a crack initiation due to the anodic dissolution. The acceleration of a crack initiation was larger in the steel peak aged at the single aging with larger precipitated particles.

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31

Habiby, F., T. N. Siddiqui, H. Hussain, A. Ul Haq, and A. Q. Khan. "Lattice changes in the martensitic phase due to ageing in 18 wt% nickel maraging steel grade 350." Journal of Materials Science 31, no. 2 (1996): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01139144.

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32

Masoumi, Mohammad, Hamilton F. G. Abreu, Luiz F. G. Herculano, Juan M. Pardal, Sérgio S. M. Tavares, and Marcelo J. G. Silva. "EBSD study of early fractured phenomena in a 350 grade Maraging steel elbows exposed to hydrofluoric acid." Engineering Failure Analysis 104 (October 2019): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.05.031.

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33

Farooque, M., H. Ayub, A. ul Haq, and A. Q. Khan. "Effect of Repeated Thermal Cycling on the Formation of Retained Austenite in 18%Ni 350 Grade Maraging Steel." Materials Transactions, JIM 39, no. 9 (1998): 995–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.39.995.

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34

HOSOMI, Koji, Takayuki NAKAMURA, and Hitoshi NAKAMURA. "Effects of Cold Rolling and Annealing on the Anisotropies and Texture Formations in an 18 % Ni (350) Maraging Steel." Tetsu-to-Hagane 75, no. 2 (1989): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.75.2_337.

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35

Kapoor, Rajeev, та I. S. Batra. "On the α′ to γ transformation in maraging (grade 350), PH 13-8 Mo and 17-4 PH steels". Materials Science and Engineering: A 371, № 1-2 (2004): 324–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.023.

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36

Kariem, Muhammad A., Dong Ruan, and John H. Beynon. "Numerical Study of Round-Robin Tests on the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Technique." Key Engineering Materials 535-536 (January 2013): 518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.535-536.518.

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It is known that the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique has not been standardised yet. The standardised SHPB technique is necessary in order to provide guidelines for determining the intrinsic material properties. This paper examines whether consistent results can be achieved from various sets of SHPBs. Finite element analysis has been conducted using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Numerical simulation of the round-robin tests was conducted to study the consistency of results for OFHC copper, which were obtained from three sets of apparatus, namely: 12.7 mm diameter SHPB made from the AISI 4140 steel, 13 mm diameter SHPB made from the high strength steel (HSS) and 14.5 mm diameter SHPB made from maraging steel 350 (AISI 18Ni). The current study shows that consistent flow stresses (within an acceptable error of 2.5%) were obtained from those three sets of SHPBs, which indicates the possibility of SHPB standardisation in the future.

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37

Parvinian, Sepideh, Yuksel C. Yabansu, Ali Khosravani, Hamid Garmestani, and Surya R. Kalidindi. "High-Throughput Exploration of the Process Space in 18% Ni (350) Maraging Steels via Spherical Indentation Stress–Strain Protocols and Gaussian Process Models." Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation 9, no. 3 (2020): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40192-020-00177-1.

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38

Sha, Wei. "Comments on “High-temperature creep resistance and effects on the austenite reversion and precipitation of 18 Ni (300) maraging steel” by dos Reis et al. [Materials Characterization 107 (2015) 350–357]." Materials Characterization 118 (August 2016): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2016.06.012.

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39

Mooney, Barry, and Kyriakos Kourousis. "A Review of Factors Affecting the Mechanical Properties of Maraging Steel 300 Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Metals 10, no. 9 (2020): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10091273.

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Maraging steel is an engineering alloy which has been widely employed in metal additive manufacturing. This paper examines manufacturing and post-processing factors affecting the properties of maraging steel fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). It covers the review of published research findings on how powder quality feedstock, processing parameters, laser scan strategy, build orientation and heat treatment can influence the microstructure, density and porosity, defects and residual stresses developed on L-PBF maraging steel, with a focus on the maraging steel 300 alloy. This review offers an evaluation of the resulting mechanical properties of the as-built and heat-treated maraging steel 300, with a focus on anisotropic characteristics. Possible directions for further research are also identified.

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40

Bae, Kichang, Dohyung Kim, Wookjin Lee, and Yongho Park. "Wear Behavior of Conventionally and Directly Aged Maraging 18Ni-300 Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Materials 14, no. 10 (2021): 2588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102588.

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This study aims to explore the wear performance of maraging 18Ni-300 steel, fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The building direction dependence of wear resistance was investigated with various wear loads and in terms of ball-on-disk wear tests. The effect of direct aging heat treatment, i.e., aging without solution heat treatment, on the wear performance was investigated by comparing the wear rates of directly aged samples, followed by solution heat treatment. The effect of counterpart material on the wear performance of the maraging steel was studied using two counterpart materials of bearing steel and ZrO2 balls. When the bearing steel ball was used as the counterpart material, both the as-built and heat-treated maraging steel produced by the LPBF showed pronounced building direction dependence on their wear performance when the applied wear load was sufficiently high. However, when the ZrO2 ball was used as the counterpart material, isotropic wear resistance was reported. The maraging steel produced by the LPBF demonstrated excellent wear resistance, particularly when it was aging heat-treated and the counterpart material was ZrO2. The directly aged sample showed wear performance almost the same as the sample solution heat-treated and then aged, indicating that direct aging can be used as an alternative post heat treatment for tribological applications of the maraging steels produced by LPBF.

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41

Sun, Kun, Weixiang Peng, Binghui Wei, Longlong Yang, and Liang Fang. "Friction and Wear Characteristics of 18Ni(300) Maraging Steel under High-Speed Dry Sliding Conditions." Materials 13, no. 7 (2020): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071485.

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18Ni(300) maraging steel, which has exceptional strength and toughness, is used in the field of aviation and aerospace. In this paper, using a high-speed tribo-tester, tribological behaviors of 18Ni(300) maraging steel were investigated under high-speed dry sliding conditions. Morphology of the worn surfaces and the debris was analyzed by scanning electron microscope, and the oxides of worn surfaces caused by friction heat were detected by X-ray diffraction. The experiment results reveal that the friction coefficient of frictional pairs declines with increasing load and speed. With the speed and load increasing, oxides of the worn surfaces of 18Ni(300) maraging steel change from FeO to Fe3O4 and the wear mechanism converts from adhesive wear into severe oxidative or extrusion wear.

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42

dos Reis, Adriano Gonçalves, Danieli Aparecida Pereira Reis, Antônio Jorge Abdalla, and Jorge Otubo. "Effect of Plasma Nitriding on Creep Behavior at 550 °C of a Maraging Steel (300 Grade) Solution Annealed." Materials Science Forum 802 (December 2014): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.802.452.

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The objective of this work is to evaluate creep behavior of a maraging steel (300 grade) solution annealed before and after superficial treatment of plasma nitriding. Creep tests were conducted on a standard creep machine at stress range of 200 to 500 MPa at 550°C. Samples with a gage length of 18.5 mm and a diameter of 3.0 mm were used for all tests. Creep parameters are determined and a comparative analysis is established with the results gotten from the alloy with and without plasma nitriding. Maraging 300 steel plasma nitrided has showed a similar creep behavior compared with the same alloy without superficial treatment, with creep rate and stress exponent results very close to the material only solution annealed. This result can be associated with the strong impact of reversion of martensite to austenite and overaging at this temperature and time of exposure that minimizes the benefits of a superficial treatment.

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43

Kim, Dohyung, Taehwan Kim, Kyeongsik Ha, et al. "Effect of Heat Treatment Condition on Microstructural and Mechanical Anisotropies of Selective Laser Melted Maraging 18Ni-300 Steel." Metals 10, no. 3 (2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10030410.

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18Ni-300 maraging steel produced by the selective laser melting (SLM) process has a unique microstructure that is different from that of the same alloy processed by conventional methods. In this paper, maraging steels were fabricated by the selective laser melting process and their microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated in terms of post heat treatment conditions. Moreover, the effect of different heat treatments on the mechanical anisotropy was studied in detail. The micro Vickers hardness in the as-built state was around 340 Hv and could be increased to approximately 600 Hv by aging heat treatments. It was found that the solution heat treatment was not necessary to obtain a fully hardened state. From tensile tests of the maraging steels heat treated with different conditions, it was found that the highest strength was achieved by aging and solution treatment (ST) temperatures lower than the commonly used temperatures. In the direction parallel to the laser scanning, the highest ultimate tensile strength was obtained when 450 °C aging was done without solution heat treatment. In the other two directions tested, i.e., directions normal to the building and 45 degrees to the laser scanning direction, the highest tensile strength was obtained when aging was done at 450 °C after 750 °C solution treatment.

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44

Jagadish, C. A., and Nadig Priyanka. "Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of 18Ni-300 Grade Maraging Steel Built Using the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) Technology." Key Engineering Materials 719 (November 2016): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.719.114.

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Maraging steels belong to the class of steels that are found to have a unique combination of ultra-high strength and good fracture toughness, due to which they find uses in critical applications such as aircraft forgings, pressure vessels, missile casings, hydraulic hoses etc. Several studies on the effect of cryogenic treatment on various grades of Tool steels & Maraging steels have shown significant improvements in mechanical properties and dimensional stability.DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering), an additive manufacturing technology, is increasingly becoming popular to build intricate high quality functional parts & rapid prototypes. DMLS technology uses a high intensity laser to build components layer by layer, directly from CAD data without the need for tooling. It is possible to build internal features and passages that are not possible in conventional manufacturing routes. Maraging Steel is used extensively to build functional parts by DMLS process especially for Tool and Die applications. However, very few findings have been reported on the effect of cryogenic treatment on the mechanical properties of Maraging steel built through this route. In this study, effect of cryogenic treatment on Maraging Steel grade 300 built by DMLS process is discussed. Test specimens were built in horizontal and vertical directions to see the effect of build direction on the properties. Half the specimens were given standard DMLS precipitation hardening heat treatment and the rest were given cryogenic treatment in addition to routine thermal treatment. Mechanical properties such as - tensile, impact properties , hardness, & density between the two sets of treatments are reported and discussed. Metallurgical structures are compared and findings are also reported.

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45

Branzei, Mihai, Ion Nedelcu, and Marian Miculescu. "Complex Characterization of a New Low Ni Maraging Steel with Enhance Service Stability." Solid State Phenomena 188 (May 2012): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.188.346.

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A new low Ni maraging steel, based on 18Ni (300) type has been developed. The optimized chemical composition (complex alloyed with Al-Si-Ti or Si-Zr-Nb) in accordance with optimum heat treatment was found (solution: 970 °C/1h/air and ageing: 550 °C/3h/air), in order to obtain maximum service temperature of over 600 0C and ensured the good combination of strength and toughness properties. The precipitates, such as Ni3(Mo, Ti), were well controlled in lath martensite (Rm=2090N/mm2 and Rp0,2=1930N/mm2)and the presence of Si, Zr and Nb enhance structure stability at high temperature (for example the ultimate tensile strength at 5500C is about 1440N/mm2). Therefore, this new type of maraging steel was the subject of a national patent: “Maraging steel for high temperature service and heat treatment technology” – PATENT No.120356/30.08.2010.

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46

Lombardo, Sandro, Renan Nascimento Ferreira, Lucas Augusto de Souza Santos, José Wilson de Jesus Silva, Vladimir Henrique Bagio Scheid, and Antonio Jorge Abdalla. "Microstructural Characterization of Joints of Maraging 300 Steel Welded by Laser and Subjected to Plasma Nitriding Treatment." Materials Science Forum 869 (August 2016): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.869.479.

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Amongst the ultra high strength steels, the maraging steels have been noticed because they maintain the fracture toughness superior to other steels of their class. The main difference is the way they acquire resistance. While the conventional carbon steels raise their resistance by heat treatments forming harder phases such as martensite or bainitic constituents, the maraging steels harden by intermetallic particles precipitation. These steels are very promising for several applications, mainly for the aerospace or nuclear areas. In this work, tests of laser welding on a sample of maraging 300 steel, have been carried out, by applying aging at several times and temperatures and analyzing the influence of plasma treatment on the steel microstructure and resistance. The results are promising and show that this welding process is viable and can even be associated with nitriding to improve the surface characteristics. It was observed that the temperature choice and aging time are fundamental to reach high mechanical resistance levels. Temperature values about 480 oC and time 10,800 seconds proved to be suitable for this treatment. The loss of strength in the welded joints, after the aging treatment, was less than 10%. It was also noticed that when the plasma nitriding treatment is applied, aging occurs simultaneously, therefore it is important to select temperature and treatment time in order to optimized the aging process as well.

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47

Kwon, Young Jin, Riccardo Casati, Mauro Coduri, Maurizio Vedani, and Chong Soo Lee. "Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of 18Ni 300 Maraging Steel Produced by Selective Laser Melting." Materials 12, no. 15 (2019): 2360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152360.

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A study was performed to investigate the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of 18-Ni 300 maraging steel produced by selective laser melting and subjected to different heat treatment strategies. Hydrogen was pre-charged into the tensile samples by an electro-chemical method at the constant current density of 1 A m−2 and 50 A m−2 for 48 h at room temperature. Charged and uncharged specimens were subjected to tensile tests and the hydrogen concentration was eventually analysed using quadrupole mass spectroscopy. After tensile tests, uncharged maraging samples showed fracture surfaces with dimples. Conversely, in H-charged alloys, quasi-cleavage mode fractures occurred. A lower concentration of trapped hydrogen atoms and higher elongation at fracture were measured in the H-charged samples that were subjected to solution treatment prior to hydrogen charging, compared to the as-built counterparts. Isothermal aging treatment performed at 460 °C for 8 h before hydrogen charging increased the concentration of trapped hydrogen, giving rise to higher hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility.

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Król, Mariusz, Przemysław Snopiński, Jiří Hajnyš, Marek Pagáč, and Dariusz Łukowiec. "Selective Laser Melting of 18NI-300 Maraging Steel." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194268.

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In the present study, 18% Ni 300 maraging steel powder was processed using a selective laser melting (SLM) technique to study porosity variations, microstructure, and hardness using various process conditions, while maintaining a constant level of energy density. Nowadays, there is wide range of utilization of metal technologies and its products can obtain high relative density. A dilatometry study revealed that, through heating cycles, two solid-state effects took place, i.e., precipitation of intermetallic compounds and the reversion of martensite to austenite. During the cooling process, one reaction took place (i.e., martensitic transformation), which was confirmed by microstructure observation. The improvements in the Rockwell hardness of the analyzed material from 42 ± 2 to 52 ± 0.5 HRC was improved as a result of aging treatment at 480 °C for 5 h. The results revealed that the relative density increased using laser speed (340 mm/s), layer thickness (30 µm), and hatch distance (120 µm). Relative density was found approximately 99.3%. Knowledge about the influence of individual parameters in the SLM process on porosity will enable potential manufacturers to produce high quality components with desired properties.

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NEDELCU, I., Irina CARCEANU, G. COSMELEATA, and I. ROCEANU. "THE MECHANISM OF HARDENING FOR MARAGING 300 STEEL." International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology 12, ASAT CONFERENCE (2007): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/asat.2007.23999.

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Wu, Wangping, Xiang Wang, Qun Wang, et al. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of maraging 18Ni-300 steel obtained by powder bed based selective laser melting process." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 8 (2020): 1379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-08-2018-0189.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to maraging 18Ni-300 steel fabricate by powder bed based selective laser melting (SLM) process. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the maraging steel part before and after heat treatment at a slow cooling rate were investigated. Design/methodology/approach The microstructure of the printed part was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The phases were determined by X-ray diffraction. The surface roughness of the part was recorded by a profilometer. The tensile properties and microhardness of the parts before and after heat treatment were characterized by an electronic universal tensile testing machine and a Vickers hardness tester, respectively. Findings Maraging 18Ni-300 steel part comprised of the martensitic phase and a small fraction of austenite phase. After heat treatment, the volume fraction of austenite slightly increased. The surface roughness of the part was about 96 µm. The printed part was dense, but irregular pores were present. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation and Young’s modulus of as-fabricated parts were 554.7 MPa, 1173.1 MPa, 10.9% and 128.9 GPa, respectively. The yield strength, UTS, elongation and Young’s modulus of as-treated parts were 2065 MPa, 2225 MPa, 4.2% and 142.5 GPa, respectively. The microhardness values of surface and cross-section of the as-fabricated part were 407.1 HV and 443.0 HV, respectively. After short-time heat treatment, the microhardness values of the surface and cross-section of the part were 542.7 HV and 567.3 HV, respectively. After long-time heat treatment, the microhardness values of the surface and cross-section of the part were 524.4 HV and 454.8 HV, respectively. The microhardness and tensile strength increased significantly with decreasing elongation due to the changes in phases and microstructure of the parts after heat treatment. Originality/value This work studied the effect of heat treatment at 550°C combined with a subsequent slow cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of maraging 18Ni-300 steel obtained by the powder bed based SLM process.

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