Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marché Commun'
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LEBEURRE, KOENIG J.-FRANCOIS. "Le marche commun de la radiodiffusion." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL20005.
Full textThe legal instruments necessary to the setting up of the broadcasting common market do exist. This market was established decades later than the goal already formulated in the eec treaty of 1957. This new common market is particular. Its specificity results from the cultural nature of the subject and the control that the states want to keep over television. Three fields are studied. In the case of the access to the broadcasting market, after examining the conventional international environment, it was necessary to wonder about community liberties and broadcasting. The second part of this study is related to broadcasting activities. The regulation of this activity and the associated audiovisual policy are pointed out there. The last part concerns the competition between broadcasters. After defining the competitive aspect of broadcasting, two themes are examined : the question of broadcasting financing and that of broadcasters' competitive behaviour
EDJEOU, KODJO. "Interdependances economiques globales et synergies regionales : vers un marche commun ouest africain?" Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT4003.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to show, through an approach, at the same time theoretical and empirical, how the dynamic of global economic interdependencies are undoing local or regional synergies of development, by three main processes the firm's transnationalization, the intra-branch exchanges and the international trade. Our study of the pure theory of international trade enables us to point out the inadequacies in traditional or recent foundations of international specializations and to suggest the new concepts and tools of analysis more fitted to the dynamic and the nature of the trade between nations, broadly speaking, and to west african economies, especially. More t han a set of production channels, the world economy appears as a shackles system of circular uninterrupted processes of productions. On these international segmentations of productive processes, there's a dichotomy in the grading of comparative advantages and the level of economic development of trading countries. Our empirical studies bring to the fore the tight links between the dichotomy and the exchange profits of trading countries. Thus, a country is more situated on the downstream side of international segementations of productive processes, moreover its algebraic sums of productions stretch to be positive. As most west african countries are situated at the beginnings of international segmentations of productive processes and at this side of their segment "se" of effective productive specialization, their development strategies are logically leading to non-optimal results. Finally conscious of the fact that an imbalance in the different fixer factors of production or consumption activities in the world space can't lead to spacial optimum, we conclude that only a voluntary action of temporary and partial break-up of global economic interdependencies by the creation of a real regional synergy can stop or bound the degenerat ion of west african comparative advantages
DAMIEN, PARNAUDEAU M.-MADELEINE. "Situation, problemes et perspectives d'evolution de la navigation fluviale dans l'europe du marche commun." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT3001.
Full textThe european waterway system is the fourth in the world. Inland waterways, rivers and canals are vital economic arteries connecting land locked countries to main ports, european union and the world. Despite competition from railways and trucks, union's waterways carry some 9. 5% of all goods trafic, a half of it being shipped up and down the rhine river, the principal inland waterway system. Besides the rhine system, the european connected waterway includes three other major waterways: the west-east systems, the north-south system and the south-east system. The rhine-main-danube links northern europe to the black sea. This connexion opens new markets for east and west alike. The dutch, the germans and the belgians pay attention to their waterways. The dutchwaterways convey 54. 4% of all goods traffic. France's share is only 4% | among the reasons for franc's sinking feeling : canals and rivers are neither wide nordeep enough. The largest canals and rivers such as saone-rhone are not connected with the european network. That's why extending waterways makes sense
Bernon, Valérie. "Les médicaments orphelins : implications des malades, des médecins et des autorités dans un projet commun de réglement européen." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P016.
Full textZelezny, Richard. "Design urbain et tramway : recherche méthodologique autour de cinq villes moyennes françaises et tchèques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1191/document.
Full textMy work explores transit-oriented development within two different cultures, France and the Czech Republic, which nevertheless have significant factors in common with regard to the goal of promoting the modal share of mass transit from a sustainable urban development perspective. Besides the basic urban variables, such as density and functional mix, our work attempts to explore characteristics of pedestrian accessibility, all these at the neighbourhood scale around the stations. For the appreciation, original qualitative and quantitative approach to the appreciation are proposed. The strengths and weaknesses on each side and the potential for reciprocal transfer of best-practices are finally considered
Desgranges, Gabriel. "Revelation d'information par les prix et connaissance commune de la rationalite." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA027.
Full textThis thesis studies the influence on the information revealed by prices of agents'abilities to coordinate their decisions. Coordination (or its failure) results from an eductive learning consisting in iterated deletion of dominated strategies, i. E. The use by every agent of a common knowledge assumption (everyone knows x, everyone knows every one knows x, etc. ) of everyone's rationality and of economy. This is, in a one period exchange economy, application of an individual rationality hypothesis pushed to its limit. Eductive learning relies on strategic reasoning in an excess demand game and neither on a progressive tatonnement nor on accumulation of observations. It is successful whenever a unique solution is compatible with the common knowledge hypothesis. This solution is then by definition of the learning process a rational expectations equilibrium (ree) that is the traditional equilibrium in a competitive framework with asymmetric information. Coordination's success defines a robustness criterion for ree that contributes to existing ree criticisms. In particular, the solutions of learning look like some ree alternative definitions and its success requires existence of strategic foundations of ree, that is well known not always to exist in an excess demand game. After reviewing the main results in the ree model, one shows, in two simple models of exchange of one risky asset possessing a unique ree, that learning is successful if and only if every agent has a private information of "greater quality" than the one revealed by ree prices. These conditions give a theoretical justification for the influence on information revealed by prices of confidence in private information and of demand's sensitivity to expected aggregate demand
Houalet, Caroline. "Politique commerciale commune et marché intérieur." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN11005.
Full textThere is an incontrovertible dialectic between the completion of the internal market and convergence towards an integrated common trade policy. Without genuine common european import and export policies, the integration process will stall. It follows that without a will to act together, the effectiveness of both policies will be compromised. TTe reality of community integration is at stake. TTe aim is to define a new european and worlwide framework for international relations
Roquefeuil, Alexis de. "Le Marché commun centraméricain, MCCA : crise régionale et perspectives d'intégration économique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992IEPP0013.
Full textMarques, de Ascensao Joaquim. "Le Marché commun du textile et l'adhésion du Portugal à la C.E.E." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615866x.
Full textNdoye, Dioma. "L'établissement d'un marché commun et d'une libre concurrence en Afrique de l'Ouest." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10048.
Full textAfrica should live in the frame of globalization. Otherwise it could be pushed off despite it owns proper tools for such an adaptation. Africa should wrestle against markets segmentations and built up supranational economic areas. In this aim economical integration, has been set up by western African countries as a way for development, in as the frame of a single markets allows elimination of monopolies. African states involved in this integration process overcome the restricted areas in the view to create a free competition space. Nevertheless, this free competition might be disturbed by anti-competition practices, to be regulated. Coming to a competitive surrounding, main target for West African unions (such as UEMOA and CEDEAO), won't be affordable apart from adopting rules leading to a true competition. Effectiveness of community competition law will be mainly linked to its implementation and its cohesion with the economical frame where is applied the free competition i.e the common market. Western Africa will reach economic development by setting up a competition policy and economical efficient policy. The thesis underlines the necessary interaction between un efficient common market and original competitions policy in western Africa thru legal instruments for building up the markets and competition protection
Kallas, Fernanda Marcos. "Le Marché commun du Sud et le nouveau constitutionnalisme pluriel latino-américain." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB178/document.
Full textMERCOSUR is the largest economic entity in Latin America. Last years, the new states have incorporated this institution. These new members bring the arrival of new forms of constitutionalism, entitled plural. How will he do MERCOSUR face these new changes? How will it be to enjoy this new life and how he will show the world the ideas brought by the changes? MERCOSUR was created in the context of globalization, with the aim to economically strengthen the Latin American States. This regional integration shows highly structured with a legal and institutional system, derived from treaties and protocols that define the forms of cooperation among States Parties. It's important to note that the model of the European Union inspired the creation of this block. Recent changes occurred in Latin America, have altered the MERCOSUR guidelines. The plural constitutionalism, brought by the new members of the South integration is re-born the ideologies of indigenous peoples. Latin plurial-nationalism, showcases the Pachamama and the Buen Vivir. MERCOSUR, mainly economic, is a structure resulting from Eurocentrism, introduced in South America since the 1500s. It's changing because the new form of constitutionalism revives the old ideologies of indigenous peoples, with the unique standards of Latin America
O MERCOSUL é a principal integração econômica da América Latina. Nos últimos anos, novos Estados passaram a fazer parte desta instituição e trouxeram novas formas de constitucionalismo conhecido como plural ou multicultural. Diante dessa nova realidade, indaga-se : Como o MERCOSUL enfrentará estas novas mudanças? Como administrará essas inovações e como mostrará ao mundo as ideias inovadoras trazidas pelas alterações constitucionais? Na realidade, o MERCOSUL foi criado no contexto da globalização mundial, com o objetivo de fortalecer economicamente os Estados latino americanos. Esta integração regional mostra-se altamente estruturada, com um sistema legal e institucional, derivado de tratados e protocolos que definem as formas de cooperação entre os Estados membros. É importante notar que a criação deste bloco fora inspirado no modelo da União Europeia. As recentes mudanças na América Latina, em seu contexto geral, tem alterado as diretrizes do MERCOSUL. O constitucionalismo plural, trazido pelos novos membros da integração sul, é marcado pelas ideologias dos povos indígenas, que colocam em valor o plurinacionalismo, revivendo os valores ancestrais através da Pachamama e do Buen Vivir. O MERCOSUL é uma instituição principalmente econômica e sua estrutura é resultante de eurocentrismo introduzido na América do Sul desde os anos 1500. Os novos ideais latinos, vão de encontro a antiga estrutura, uma vez que visam o renascimento das ideologias dos povos nativos latino americanos
Vial, Jean-Marie. "L'adaptation de l'économie française à la première phase du marché Commun (1958-1963)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPPA001.
Full textMarques, de Ascensao Joaquim. "Le Marché commun du textile et l'adhésion du Portugal à la C. E. E." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010266.
Full textRiva, Camillo. "Three Essays on Corporate Finance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Cergy-Pontoise, Ecole supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ESEC0008.
Full textThis thesis is in the area of corporate finance and focuses on the impact that diversified institutional investors have on the competition in the product market of portfolio companies, also through the analysis of their votes on proposals in the general meetings of portfolio companies; it also analyzes the impact of the environmental and social funds on the corporate governance of portfolio firms. Chapter 1 investigates the relationship between common institutional ownership of firms in sectors along a supply chain and product market competition and provides evidence that the anticompetitive effects are only present in more downstream sectors. Chapter 2 investigates the role of Environmental and Social (ES) funds in corporate governance through exit and provides evidence that their asset allocation constraints regarding the ES profile of portfolio firms reduce their ability to influence portfolio firms through the threat of exit. Chapter 3 analyzes the voting records of institutional investors to understand if their voting behavior is aimed at internalizing externalities among horizontally and vertically related portfolio firms and finds limited empirical evidence
Warlouzet, Laurent. "Quelle Europe économique pour la France? : La France et le marché commun industriel, 1956-1969." Paris 4, 2007. http://books.openedition.org/igpde/102.
Full textFrance's policy towards the EEC has been mostly considered from an essentially political perspective, despite the fact that the Rome Treaty had primarily sought to establish an economic union between the member states. This doctoral dissertation seeks to fill that gap by studying France's EEC policy between 1956 and 1969 from an economic angle. During this period, there was a clash between various economic models for Europe, and it is misleading to solely reduce it to a competition between protectionism and Free-trade. The debate opposed two visions of Europe, one based on competition policy and the other on Industrial Policy, a debate that is still relevant today. This thesis examines not only the French decision-making process and its flaws, but also the institutionnal model of the EEC. The latter's technocratic dynamic proved both a source of strength and of weakness, since it fostered the "democratic deficit" that is very clear today
Warlouzet, Laurent. "Quelle Europe économique pour la France? La France et le marché commun industriel, 1956-1969 /." Online version, 2007. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/33271.
Full textSamuélidès, Yann. "Estimations par macrotiles et modele de marche a sauts." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0014.
Full textRuffier, Jean. "L'efficience productive... Comment marchent les usines." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131009.
Full textMagee, David S. K. "Popular periodicals, common readers and the 'grand march of intellect' in London, 1819-34." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496580.
Full textMaris, Jean-Barthélémy. "La structuration du marché européen de l'armement." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10043.
Full textThe structuring of the European armament market should be considered as an additional and important step in European integration and the accomplishment of the internal market. This result is first of all that of the inter-governmental cooperation with regard to armament that has ensured that all the elements necessary for the construction of a European armament market integrated into the internal market were fulfilled. The armament sector is both economic and strategic and it was originally excluded from the Treaty of Rome. The former article 223 TEC (article 346 TFEU) included a clause that allowed the member States to exempt from European Community laws the subject. European cooperation with regard to armament started relatively early outside the community framework but it was only with the creation of the European Union and the common security and defence policy that questions linked to armament could be included within the legal framework of the European Union. The cooperation undertaken in the context of the former second pillar laid down the foundations for the construction of the European armament market. The latter is established through the application of the European market rules in the sector. Through its rulings the Court of Justice supported the Commission in its will to ensure that the rules on the European armament market were applied. Economic and financial reasons were strong arguments for this structuring. The application of these rules initially took place indirectly before the initiation of directives applicable to public defence markets and to transfer of defence products between member states
Lafarguette, Romain. "Comment la Technologie Façonne les Marchés Financiers : l’Exemple du Marché des Changes." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0042.
Full textThis PhD dissertation is a collection of three essays on how technology has been shaping financial markets, using as a case study the foreign exchange market. The first chapter investigates the impact of technological innovations on the geography of the foreign exchange market. It uses as a proxy for exogeneous technological changes the connection of countries to submarine fiber-optic cables. The estimates of this chapter suggest that technology contributes to concentrating foreign exchange trading in an handful of financial centers. The second chapter studies the impact of technology on the reaction of foreign exchange markets to macroeconomic announcements. It shows that the development of Information and Communication Technologies dampens foreign exchange markets volatility. Finally, the third chapter shows that fast trading dampens market reaction to new macroeconomic information. One possible explanation, based on a theoretical model, is that fast traders increase the dispersion in exchange rate quotes, i.e. the time traders need to process new information about market prices; in turn, entropy dampens the market’s reaction to macro news. This PhD dissertation provides a new way to measure and conceptualize technological progress with regards to financial markets. The first contribution is to treat the network of submarine fiber optic cables as an exogenous technological shock to investigate the impact of technology on the geography of foreign exchange trading and on volatility. The second contribution is to show that patterns in the distribution of quotes matters in the context of fast trading. The concept of entropy in exchange rate quotes is used to characterize how fast information diffuses on financial markets and thereby to assess the implications of fast trading on market efficiency
Farges-Cazenove, Josette. "Construire le marché bancaire européen : modalités de gouvernance de la Commission européenne et rôle des comités d’experts (1969-1989)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040106.
Full textThe Banking issue in the European construction is rarely subject to exclusive studies, being associated generally with the economic and monetary union. This work seeks to fill the gap by focusing to the governance processes of the European Commission to build the common market and his sustainable recourse to three expert committees between 1969 and 1989. It allows to evaluate the implementation to this project of strategic guidelines : the harmonization of laws, then the mutual recognition, and, finally, the home control country on banks settled outside of national territory. The thesis analyses the cross-influences between the community policy and the banking policies of German Federal Republic, United Kingdom and France. By highlighting the formation of an epistemic community between the European experts committees and the Basel Committee, the thesis deals with the flows of ideas in the field of regulation and supervision. It plays a part in enhancing the role of the European Community in the implementation of the international system of regulation in the eighties, and in identifying its influence on the modernization of banking policies of state members. Finally, it highlights the emergence of cooperation between control authorities, between governments of the EEC states members
Fazlibegovic, Senadin. "L'agriculture yougoslave face à la politique agricole commune." Grenoble 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE21031.
Full textThe 6thesis explores by a comparative method the state of agriculture and agricultural protection in yugoslavia and european community since late fifthies. It analize aspecially the commercial aspects of relations between two parties in this sector giving the directions in which these relations should move in future for benefit of all. A particular attention is granted to adapting of yugoslav agriculture ot the new situation caused by european unification and probable consequences of the uruguay round. The community is considerred as twelve countries from the very begining of its constitution in order to permit a long series' comparaison in the field of economic and protectionnist performances
Broda, Philippe. "Marché et institutions chez les institutionnalistes américains : le cas de Veblen et de Commons." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010069.
Full textInstitutionalism constitutes a protest against theories called orthodox which are focused on market mechanisms. As its name shows, it intends to ascribe to institutions a place no less important in the analysis of economic phenomena. Nevertheless, in order to do that, it uses various ways. Veblen puts an emphasis on anthropology. In his approach, are opposed industrial and pecuniary institutions. In this holistic perspective, competition between individuals following the rules of market hinders technological progress that comes under solidarity in the community. According to commons, on the contrary, there is no incompatibility between individual and collective interests. His point of view is founded on law and his methodology is partly individualistic. In this configuration, institutions support the market. And this is supposed to ensure social progress
Le, Rolland Femenia Fabienne. "Politique agricole commune et stabilisation des revenus et marchés agricoles européens." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G015.
Full textWe focus here on the consequences of the CAP reforms which have progressively replaced the European price support scheme by a system of payments more and more decoupled from production and prices, and on the opportunity for a new form of public intervention to stabilize agricultural markets. From the different points of view expressed in the economic literature, it appears that some frameworks, more sophisticated than those currently available, are needed to study this question. Those frameworks should notably account for dynamics and the form of agents' expectations. We thus develop a dynarnic Computable General Equilibrium model including the inter temporal decisions of economic agents and allowing the representation of different expectation schemes. Our simulation results show that endogenous market fluctuations, due to expectation errors from economic agents, can arise but are limited by many feedback effects. These results also reveal that, if expectations are imperfect, a gradual implementation of policy reforms is preferable to an immediate one because, in that case, agents have time to adjust their decisions according to market news. Finally, we show that even if stockholders are not fully rational, their behaviours tend to stabilize agricultural markets. However, a public intervention aimed at increasing stocldtoldings is not suitable because it can, in a sense, scramble market signals given to agents, and thus increases markets volatility
Vail, Morgan. "Marché intérieur et neutralité de l'impôt direct : la construction fiscale européenne revisitée." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020092/document.
Full textThe Internal Market was formed to establish free competition and allocate resources as efficiently as possible. Involving the abolition of internal borders, Community action led to harmonize or at least to bring together many areas. Although direct taxation powers have been reserved by member States, it was placed under the supervision of the Treaties by means of the fundamental freedoms and the principle of non-discrimination. The latter has led to some tax integration at the European level in order to neutralize taxation on the movement of people, goods, services and capital. This work, mainly performed by the ECJ, showed its limits in terms of consistency of fiscal policy, the judge cannot make a choice as to the form of neutrality that should be chosen: capital import neutrality, capital export neutrality or another form of neutrality. Indeed, the EC Treaty establishes an undeniable objective of neutrality toward member States. The abstract neutrality that is emanating from European texts is essential to achieve the economic objectives of the EU. However, in the absence of tax harmonization it is necessary to choose among the different standards of tax neutrality in order to reconcile taxation, economic efficiency and efficient allocation of resources. In the light of the principles that shape the European construction one should now draw the outlines of a functional neutrality able to perform the integration of direct taxes in a Common Market
Willaert, Émilie. "Au cœur de l'Europe en construction : la banque européenne d'investissement, la France et l'intégration économique de l'Europe, des années 1950 au début des années 1980." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040258.
Full textEuropean investment bank (EIB) was created by EEC treaty, march 25th 1957, in order to contribute to the balanced and steady development of the common market in the interest of the Community. Its loans target tree main goals : financing projects for developing less-developed regions; projects for modernising or converting undertakings or for developing fresh activities; projects of common interest to several member States.French example shows how it action take place in all the efforts made for integrate european economy, for ranging from debats regarding it creation, in 1950’s, to the biginning of 1980’s when Greece became a member state of EEC. The analysis of french exemple contribute to show, on several aspects, on french conception and european policy, during this period
Delpech, Raphaël. "La politique commerciale commune dans les relations extérieures de l'Union européenne : le marché au service de la norme." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU2016.
Full textThe European union has long been using its common commercial policy as an effective means of improving its international influence. This instrumental use of its trade diplomacy has been fostered by the unquestionable achievement on its market based integration model. It relies on the recognition of trade as it prime external competence. It is justified by its predominant ranking in international trade and, since the beginning, it aims at compensating the evident weaknesses of its foreign policy. The implementation of this influence is ambivalent. On the one hand, the importance of its internal market enables the EU to impose its commercial standards and to strengthen its trade position. On the other hand, it allows the EU to promote its own vision of the “international governance”. In so doing, Europe’s trade policy also aims at exporting rules. The approach followed since the 70’s in nevertheless currently being questioned. Inside the union, doubts are expressed about the appropriateness of an ever larger opening of the European market and voices are rising in favor of a new “commercial realism”. Still, doubts also appears outside the union, even among its traditional trade partners. They are based on several elements: the observation of a decrease in Europe’s commercial influence as a consequence of the relative loss of attractiveness of its market; the erosion of the preferences it proposes to developing countries; and the deficiencies of its commercial model. And those external doubts are all the stronger as alternative commercial models, which are based on a softer conditionality, if not on an antagonistic one, are being offered by Europe’s main competitors
Plisson, Hélène. "La mésentente cordiale franco-britannique : la deuxième tentative d'adhésion britannique au Marché commun à l'épreuve du veto français (octobre 1964-avril 1969)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040005.
Full textIn 1963, General de Gaulle vetoed the first British application to the Common Market, and French-British relationships were badly affected by this decision. The arrival of the Harold Wilson government, in October 1964, improves those relations, as the Labour Party does not want to make a new application for the EEC. But, confronted with economic and politic necessities, the United Kingdom comes back to Europe. From October 1966, London tries to know the conditions of membership. Despite the reluctance of the French government, Harold Wilson makes a new application in May 1967. But General de Gaulle refuses the opening of negotiations, bringing about the failure of the British application in November 1967. Afterwards, Great Britain tries, without success, to force France's hand. It only with the departure of General de Gaulle, in april 1969, and the opening of negotiations by Georges Pompidou, that French-British relationships normalize
Farges-Cazenove, Josette. "Construire le marché bancaire européen : modalités de gouvernance de la Commission européenne et rôle des comités d’experts (1969-1989)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040106.
Full textThe Banking issue in the European construction is rarely subject to exclusive studies, being associated generally with the economic and monetary union. This work seeks to fill the gap by focusing to the governance processes of the European Commission to build the common market and his sustainable recourse to three expert committees between 1969 and 1989. It allows to evaluate the implementation to this project of strategic guidelines : the harmonization of laws, then the mutual recognition, and, finally, the home control country on banks settled outside of national territory. The thesis analyses the cross-influences between the community policy and the banking policies of German Federal Republic, United Kingdom and France. By highlighting the formation of an epistemic community between the European experts committees and the Basel Committee, the thesis deals with the flows of ideas in the field of regulation and supervision. It plays a part in enhancing the role of the European Community in the implementation of the international system of regulation in the eighties, and in identifying its influence on the modernization of banking policies of state members. Finally, it highlights the emergence of cooperation between control authorities, between governments of the EEC states members
Sontag, Katia. "L'assurance de dommages des communes, approche contractuelle." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0062.
Full textInsuring the risks of towns and cities has been a practice long in use. With decentralisation, and the ensuing reinforcement of the power of local authorities, this type of insurance can now be found nationwide. Despite these facts, the matter has rarely been studied or accounted for, nor has the relationship between the legal status of urban communities and the laws applicable to insurance policies. It appears however, that the implmentation of these different legal statuses, emerging from the study of insurance policies of urban areas, has proven to be imperfect and even disjointed. In practice, the consequence tends to be the domination of the insurance company. Recent changes, such as the inclusion of insurance policies in the scope of public market regulation and the submission of this type of contract to administrative law, offer the opportunity of attempting a more global approach of this contract and a new juridical qualification with the laws thereof
Kubota, Justine-Kozue. "Sécurité énergétique et intérêt commun : Recherches sur la politique européenne de l'énergie." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0736.
Full textThe emergence of a European energy policy has been observed from the beginning of European integration, particularly by the creation of the European Communities. However, the difficulties encountered by both sectorial Communities have led the European Union to attempt to drive its action under the Treaty establishing the European Community, in which none of its articles was concerning the energy sector. However, many elements can attest of the renewal of the European energy policy in recent years, confirming that energy is a strategic sector, as is its funding principle: the energy security. The concept of energy security is unique because each state is, through its national policy, ensuring the security of its energy supplies. In this domain, local notional policies meet with the European Union energy policy purpose. However, energy security cannot be defined only as an objective. It has different understandings which are much more complex than could suggest its function in the European energy policy concept. As the basis for European Union action in the energy sector, energy security has created the momentum that enabled the development of European initiatives beyond the simple framework outlined by Article 194 TFEU, which finally allowed the primary law to provide an explicit European competence in this area. Beyond its function to ensure energy supply in the European Union, energy security enforces its final goal - the development of a stronger European action – and provides the foundation for European subsidiary actions
Courades, Hélène. "Le droit de la concurrence appliqué au secteur agricole : le cadre d'intervention des organisations économiques agricoles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D042.
Full textApplying competition law to the agricultural sector is regularly debated, given the agricultural market’s many specificities and multifunctional nature. The shift towards the liberalisation of these markets has led to an enhanced position for agricultural economic organisations, such as producer organisations (PO), associations of producer organisations (APO) and interbranch organisations (IO), all within the framework of the common agricultural policy (CAP). The tasks entrusted to these organisations concerning the structuring and management of agricultural markets inevitably lead to discussions about volumes and prices - normally prohibited by common competition law. In the course of the reforms on the regulation pertaining to the common organisation of the markets (COM) for agricultural products, measures derogating from article 101, paragraph 1, of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) prohibiting anticompetitive agreements were developed so that agricultural economic organisations may guarantee agricultural market regulation. Nonetheless, the need to protect effective competition on agricultural markets is reasserted by case law, to ensure these markets are indeed integrated into the European Union’s internal market, and given the extent to which competition contributes to the completion of common agricultural policy (CAP) objectives. Setting the framework for the intervention of agricultural economic organisations falling outside competition law is thus a difficult feat
Rucker-Guitelmacher, Katrin. "Le triangle Paris-Bonn-Londres et le processus d'adhésion britannique au marché commun, 1969-1973 : quel rôle pour le trilatéral au sein du multilatéral ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0020.
Full textThe chronological frame goes from the Soames affair in 1969, via the European summit of The Hague of 1969, and via the official reopening of the EEC enlargement negotiations on June 30th, 1970, to the definitive accession of Great-Britain to the common market on January 1st, 1973. Our work leans on sources of German, British, French and European Community archives. The 1st part tackles the road of the triangle Paris-Bonn-London towards the widening of the EEC, already starting in the 1960s. The FRG filled a function of mediating between 2 hostile protagonists, France and Great Britain. The 2nd part focuses on the British diplomacy during the negotiations. The lack of secret in Brussels may depreciate the multilateral and facilitate strategies of bi-or trilateral negotiations, which requires hidden cards. In the 3rd part, it is question of the minimal preparation of the negotiations by Bonn and Paris. Then, between 1970 and 1972, the French-German couple seems in a huge crisis, even if their strategies of negotiation are not extremely clear. The 4th part tries to explain the success of the negotiations thanks to the French-British entente, in particular during the Pompidou-Heath summit of May 1971. A strategy of secret diplomacy and of centralization of the bilateral contacts, by by-passing the French Foreign office, seems imperative. But this French-British entente is relative, because the renegotiation of the British membership treaties already gets ready within the Heath government. To conclude, the triangle certainly participates in the success of the negotiations. Nevertheless, its success was not acquired beforehand.
Nascimento, Martha Santana do [UNESP]. "Marcha de absorção de nutrientes em dois híbridos de mamona de porte baixo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99956.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Com a ampliação da demanda da indústria ricinoquímica e, mais recentemente, a possibilidade do uso do óleo de mamona como biocombustível, há necessidade de realizar-se estudos referentes à absorção e acumulação de nutrientes nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento da mamona, o que permite determinar as épocas em que os elementos são mais exigidos durante o desenvolvimento da cultura e a distribuição desses nas diferentes estruturas da planta possibilitando um manejo adequado da adubação, principalmente a nitrogenada de cobertura. Em função do exposto, objetivou-se estudar a marcha de absorção de nutrientes em dois híbridos de mamona (Híbrido Lyra, Híbrido Savana) em sistema de plantio direto conduzidos em safra e safrinha no ano agrícola de 2006 na Fazenda Experimental Lageado pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, em Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: matéria seca acumulada, quantidade acumulada de nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo e Zn) nos caules, folhas e estruturas reprodutivas e produtividade de grãos. No cultivo de safra concluiu-se que: a) A produtividade do híbrido Lyra foi de 2.995 kg ha-1 e do Savana 2.582 kg ha-1; b) o acúmulo de matéria seca total pelo Lyra foi de 8.629 kg ha-1 e pelo Savana foi de 6.904 kg ha-1; c) Os valores em quilogramas por hectare (kg ha-1) de macronutrientes acumulados na matéria seca total pelo Lyra foram: N=180; P=61,6; K=78; Ca=77,5; Mg=33; S=30,9. No híbrido Savana foram: N=160; P=51,2; K=64; Ca=55,5; Mg=25; S=29. d) Os valores em gramas por hectare (g ha-1) de 2 micronutrientes acumulados na matéria seca total pelo Lyra foram: B=75; Cu=18; Fe=98; Mn=166; Mo=2; Zn=190. No híbrido Savana foram: B=58; Cu=11,3; Fe=93,7; Mn=95; Mo=1,2;...
The increasing demand of oil industry with the possibility of using castor bean as biofuel, requires more reseach in nutrient uptake and accumulation in all stages of castor bean growth which can lead to an appropriate fertilizer management, mainly nitrogen cover. This study aimed at determining the uptake rate in two castor bean cultivars (Lyra hybrid and Savana Hybrid) in no-tillage system in crop and no season crop in 2006. The experiment was carried out at Lageado Experimental farm from School of Agriculture - UNESP in Botucatu / São Paulo State. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. Accumulated dry matter, nutrient content ( N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn) in stems, leaves and flowers, yield were evaluated. The crop results showed that: a) Lyra yield was 2.995 kg ha-1 and Savana’s 2.582 kg ha-1. b) The total dry matter acumulated by Lyra was 8.629 kg ha-1 and 6.904 kg ha-1 by Savana. c) The macronutrients accumulated in total dry matter by Lyra was: N= 180.0; P=61.6; K=78.0; Ca=77.5; Mg=33.0; S=30.9 kg ha-1. By Savana hybrid was: N= 160.0; P=51.2; K=64.0; Ca=55.5; Mg=25.0; S=29.0 kg ha-1. d) The micronutrients accumulated in total dry matter by Lyra was: B=75.0; Cu=18.0; Fe=98.0; Mn=166.0; Mo=2.0; Zn=190 g ha-1. By Savana hybrid was: B=58.0; Cu=11.3; Fe=93.7; Mn=95.0; Mo=1.2; Zn=100 g ha-1 . The no season crop show that: a) Lyra yield was 1.201 kg ha-1 and Savana’s 494 kg ha-1 b) The accumulated dry matter by Lyra was 2.230 kg ha-1 and Savana was 1.140 kg ha-1; c) The macronutrients accumulated in total 4 dry matter by Lyra was: N= 66.5; P=22.1; K=27.7; Ca=16.0; Mg=8.7; S=12.7 kg ha-1. By Savana hybrid was: N= 32.0; P=8.4; K=13.4. Ca=11.5; Mg=4.2; S=7.3 kg ha-1. d) The micronutrients accumulated in total dry matter by Lyra was: B=48.0; Cu=18.7; Fe=1.026; Mn=151;... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Willaert, Émilie. "Au cœur de l'Europe en construction : la banque européenne d'investissement, la France et l'intégration économique de l'Europe, des années 1950 au début des années 1980." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040258.
Full textEuropean investment bank (EIB) was created by EEC treaty, march 25th 1957, in order to contribute to the balanced and steady development of the common market in the interest of the Community. Its loans target tree main goals : financing projects for developing less-developed regions; projects for modernising or converting undertakings or for developing fresh activities; projects of common interest to several member States.French example shows how it action take place in all the efforts made for integrate european economy, for ranging from debats regarding it creation, in 1950’s, to the biginning of 1980’s when Greece became a member state of EEC. The analysis of french exemple contribute to show, on several aspects, on french conception and european policy, during this period
Drame, Bakary. "Le rapprochement des droits des marchés publics dans l'espace UEMOA : le dynamisme et l'insuffisance de la construction d'un droit commun des marchés publics." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLE027.
Full textThe integration through the field of public procurement has been an opportunity for the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) to take an interest in the legal framework of this sphere of public business law. It is in this context that the new Community architecture of merit-based public procurement has emerged through the issuing of directives to renew the definition of the concept of public procurement, the fundamental rules of procurement, execution and of the contentious framework.This change has allowed the construction of a harmonized framework of public procurement rules through the adoption of interesting procedural and institutional innovations. However, this new right has not yet reached the proper maturity. This is observed through the inconsistency of national regulations: the ineffectiveness of the phase of execution, execution and resolution of disputes are negative phenomena to this process.The purpose of this study is to trace the degree of convergence between member states in the application of West African community rules. This analysis requires the critical study of the formulation, reception and consequences of the reform of public procurement rights in WAEMU member states, particularly the cases of Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire and Mali. and Senegal with regard to Community directives. The study does, however, make use of other African and European legal systems to illustrate and enrich certain remarks and comments.The objective is to participate in the theorization of West African public procurement law. In this perspective, the purpose is not only to reflect on the innovations introduced by the new texts in terms of the objectives set and their effectiveness, but also to identify the shortcomings and shortcomings of this recasting in order to propose other directions which are necessary and which may be more appropriate for the African system.In this respect, the study proposes the revision of certain unsuitable and inappropriate legal instruments. It would therefore be relevant for UEMOA to rely on African original law to review its legal system, particularly in the case of public procurement.In view of the growing institutions and rules of public business law on the African continent and the success of OHADA, the study makes two series of proposals to reflect on developments in the field of public business law . On the one hand, consideration should be given to the possibility of establishing a harmonized space in the field of public business law on the continent in the same form as OHADA, or on the other hand to integrate the sphere of public business law in the statutes of the OHADA
Cartier, Stéphane. "Entre recours à l'état et recours au marché, principes de solidarité face au risque de ruissellement érosif en pays de Caux." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100069.
Full textFerent, Simona-Véronica. "Le JE et l'AUTRE : ou Comment l'altérité répond à l'identité : Questionnements chez Marthe Bibesco : Isvor, le pays des saules." Limoges, 2010. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/b13e1b68-0ff2-4ef3-a318-e4a433247bd8/blobholder:0/2010LIMO2001.pdf.
Full textAngeon, Valérie. "Recherche de rente et capture de la réglementation : l'exemple de la Carai͏̈be dans le cadre de l'organisation commune du marché de la banane." Grenoble 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE21025.
Full textHung, Christine. "L'efficacité comparée des joint-ventures sino-européennes et sino-asiatiques pour pénétrer le marché chinois." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0020.
Full textFollowing a threee year investigation in China [700 replies from 369 China-European (Germany and France) and China-Asian (Korea and Japan) Joint Ventures], I used the results to answer three questions : (1) : Which advantages do multinational firms seek in penetrating the Chinese market? (2) : How do multinational firms invest in China? (3) : How to compare the efficiency of the China-European and China-Asian Joint Ventures in penetrating the Chinese market and establishing a secure presence? To reply to these questions, I will firstly outline the many theories explaining the transfer of three factors- capital, technology and human resource- which encourage European and Asian firms to exchange with Chinese partners. Secondly, I will indicate the evolution of FDI entering China, its sector-related distribution, its investment in advantage factors, and its countries of origin etc. Finally, I will establish a typology according to three indicators- financial analyse, synthetic evaluation and subjective satisfaction- with the statistic treatment in order to compare the efficiency of the China-European and China-Asian Joint Ventures in China
Barrière, Anne-Lise. "Concilier identité de gauche et intégration économique européenne : étude comparée du PS et du SPD face au défi du marché commun entre la conférence de la Haye (1969) et l'Acte unique (1986)." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30031/document.
Full textBetween the conference of The Hague (1965) and the signing of the Single European Act (1986), the European Construction was foremost an economic endeavour aiming at integrating the European societies and based on the free movement of goods, people, services and money. The creation of the common market was an extraordinary challenge for the nation states and for the political parties which are responsible for the expression of the political life of their nation. Two parties, the French socialist party (PS) and the social-democratic party of Germany (SPD), both deeply rooted in the political life of their own nation, with a socialist and democratic identity, but also moved by European ideals, were greatly involved in the realisation of the European project, mainly through the action of their leaders when these were exercising their national responsibilities and ruling their nation.Thus the questioning: did these parties leave the mark of democratic socialism on the European construction or did they only accompany it without correcting the original features? Did they participate in the definition of the European economic model or not? And in turn, did the European construction lead them to preserve or to modify their identity?Our inquiry leads us to study how two utopian ideas, the path towards democratic socialism and the path towards European unity, interfere. The extreme difficulty for both parties to create a convergence between these two paths could prevent them from remaining political strengths with great future at national and European scale
Marchaisse, Thierry. "Le théorème de Proust : ou comment le petit Marcel est devenu un géant : enquête sur l'énigme de la créativité." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070061.
Full textHow to understand Marcel Proust's In Search of Lost Time ? This question has guided my inquiry from beginning to end. Most readers have understood Proust's work to be a « dogmatic construction », as Proust himself once claimed. However, the very structure of In Search of Lost Time remains difficult to discern, as well as its créative process and its philosophical aims. Despite these difficultes, a precise answer is possible. Indeed it is summed up in one seemingly simple formula : The Search is a proof. In Proust's Theorem, I posit and verify this proposition by answering four crucial questions that either lead to or follow from it. What set in motion Proust's Search ? What basic truth did he seek to prove ? And how ? Last but not least : Why did Proust try so hard to « erase» all the obvious signs of his strange treatise ?
Walsh, S. M. "Leadership and command on the Eastern Front (1941-1945) : the military style of Marchal Konstantin Rokossovskiy." Thesis, Department of Applied Science, Security and Resilience, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/4315.
Full textBridoux, Vincent. "Droit de la commande publique et droit de la concurrence de l'Union européenne : étude sur une dynamique commune." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D073.
Full textPublic procurement law and European Union competition law are now two of the main pillars of economic law. Competition law ensures free and undistorted competition in the internal market by protecting it from obstacles from both private and public entities. Public procurement law is intended to regulate a market representing 14% of Europe's gross domestic product.These two subjects are autonomous and seem to ignore each other. However, a careful analysis reveals the existence of actual convergences between them. The proper functioning of the market which purpose is to protect competition by merits, liberties and finaly the well-being of the European Union, is a common dynamic in these two areas. By doing so, both materials contribute to conservation of competitive public order. Their many complementarities, such as the defence of a competitive market structure, economic efficiency and the prevention of anticompetitive behaviour, demonstrate this. The specific objectives of competition law are reflected in public procurement law, while competition law protects the objectives of public procurement law. Similarly, despite several potential areas of confrontation related in particular to the control of State aid, the application of the law of anticompetitive practices against public purchasers or concession authorities, public procurement law and competition law seem systematically to agree on the preservation and development of effective competition. The Altmark case law, or the rigour of the criteria for public-public cooperation, testify to the daily proximity between these two subjects and their ability to enrich each other
Gaspar, Thérèse. "Les sanctions de la défaillance d'un partenaire dans un groupement momentané d'entreprises." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010271.
Full textYankam, Njonou Rabelais. "Analyse économique de la réponse du marché du blé différencié aux instruments de l'organisation commune des marchés du secteur des céréales : le cas de la France." Université catholique de Louvain, 2004. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-04062004-164824/.
Full textLossio-Baudin, de la Valette Claudia. "L'investissement direct étranger à Cuba : dynamiques de développement dans un système socialiste contraint de s'appuyer sur les lois du marché." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020002.
Full textBoudoudou, Nacima. "Comment imposer un concept nouveau, dans l'hypertension artérielle, un marché dit saturé, face à l'inertie et à la résistance au changement des prescripteurs ?" Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P185.
Full textAzébazé, Labarthe Danielle. "Quelle nouvelle politique européenne de l'énergie ?" Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GREND017.
Full textThe European Union construction has its origins in adoption by six European States of the ECSC Treaty. However, it will be necessary to wait until 2009, when a policy in the field of energy was integrated in the primary law by the treaty of Lisbon. Despite this late consecration, the activism of the Union in the field of energy is evident, even if it is far from being uniformly comprehended within the doctrine. One part of them considers, that the European energy policy still does not exist, while others consider that the European policy exists but that it should not be qualified as a “common policy”. This doctrinal debate, which is inserted as a part of the legal theory of polices in the European Union law, addresses a question on the nature and precise significance of the intervention of the Union in energy field.En fact, the analysis of actions undertaken by the EU in the energy sector since the ECSC Treaty up to the beginning of the nineties, reveals an increasing power of these last, ending up as a first mutation trying to substitute a number of partial actions by a first global vision of energetic policies within the Community. This was taking place without any energy policy introduction the TEC. The Member states were in reality very reluctant to acknowledge that the EU has a competence in this domain. This was due to numerous reasons linked to multiple dimensions: economic, social, environmental, and security issues of an energy policy, as well as their energetic dependence, which was quite varying. This embryo of an energy policy, inserted in particularly strong constraints, finds therefore its legal frame in indirect or subsidiary legal bases and especially in those relating to the establishment of the internal market (Part I). However, energy is far from being an “ordinary economic good” and the submission of this sector to market rules could generate multiple threats, notably for public service missions, environmental requirements or the security of supply. It would therefore have been necessary, on the occasion of introduction in the treaties of an energy policy, to better admit the specificity of this sector and to envisage in this field the establishment of a real common policy. But the primary law inherited from Lisbon Treaty is disappointing: the new article 194 of the TFUE relating to energy, seems to make the choice of status quo and even seems to put back some aspects of this policy. However, the Community dynamism is functioning. And either as a part of the internal market of energy, via common regulation of markets and taking into consideration of its specific characteristics (social, security, environmental), or in the one of external aspect, by reinforcing energy relations with third States, the European energy policy turns progressively into a real common policy (Part II)