Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marché du travail – Mali'
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Kail, Bénédicte. "L'insertion des jeunes sur le marché du travail à Bamako, Mali : enjeux de la scolarisation et de l'insertion professionnelle selon le genre." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0103.
Full textAfter showing how the increasing number and the political action of the young Bamakii which progressively form them inside social category, the analysis gives the difficulties of their insertion in the world of labor and establishes the link with the economic crisis and the inadequacy of employment-training. It also shows, in this contexte, the relation to the school is more and more fonctionalized. In addition, the economic difficulties and the surrounding sexism drive to a discrimination against the young girl, justifying an analysis by the kind. The processed data are principally derived from a qualitative investigation with thirty Bamakii household chosen for illustrating the diversity of the encountered situation. Their analysis is based on two principal sights : - the existence of stakes of scholarship. Those are different according to the social group and according to the kind, because they are linked to the actor's representation of school, of work, so of their own scholarship and of their subscription in the sex division of role and in social division of work. - The possibilities of professional insertion. Here again, they are different according to the school level reached and according to the kind. They reveal a specific feeling of the work because dressed of distinct finality, linked to the stake of scolarship : instrumental and social relation among young men, instrumental and individual among young girls. Thus, this investigation stipulated that school and the labor take part of all : acquisition of social status. Their analysis shows that they are revealers of socials changes and of individualisation phenomena which operate in bamako
Sougane, Arouna. "L'émigration au Mali : impacts sur les ménages d'origine et insertion des migrants de retour." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090008/document.
Full textThis thesis analyses the effects of migration on the behaviors of household of origins members, when newspapers' headlines focus on tragedies related to illegal immigration. Our thesis, applied to Mali, is an in-depth analysis of external and internal migrations both very important in this country, whereas most of the studies only focus on the impact of international migration. We use data from two national large-scale surveys which were fully conducted under our control. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a descriptive analysis of the two types of migration and highlights the characteristics of migrants. It also evaluates the transfer amounts and their contribution to the living conditions of recipient households. The next chapters resort to micro-econometric techniques which allow us to estimate the effects of migration by controlling for endogeneity problems. The second chapter examines the effects of the two types of migration on schooling of children from households of origins, namely their schooling success. In the third chapter, we evaluate the impact of migrations on agricultural production. We test the hypothesis of an opportunistic behavior because of the existence of an implicit contract between migrants and members of the household of origin. Insertion of return migrants in the labour market is investigated in the fourth chapter. The thesis shows negative impacts of internal and foreign migrations, especially, on the behavior of original household members. Migrations reveal an opportunistic behavior marked by least effort at school (from children's side) and from agricultural workers. In addition, migration experience does not have significant influence on the insertion in the labour market
Sy, Adama. "Éducation et développement : la formation et l'entrepreneurship au Mali." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29154.
Full textBah, Fousseynou. "Analyse du chomage et bilan des politiques de l'emploi au Mali." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817218.
Full textMariko, Ousmane. "L'insertion professionnelle des diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur au Mali : cas de la politique d'aide à l'entrepreneuriat." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839617.
Full textAkim, Al-mouksit. "Trois essais sur la migration, les transferts privés et le développement économique en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED047/document.
Full textThe three essays composing this thesis make contributions to the literature on the consequences of migration and private transfers on the economic development of the countries of origin of sub-Saharan Africa.The first essay evaluates the distributive impact of international and domestic transfersin Senegal. The results show that private transfers reduce income inequality in Senegal. This equalizing effect is mainly driven bydomestic transfers. The second essay examines the insurance function of migration in Mali. We find that migration acts as an insurance mechanism when the household suffers an idiosyncratic shock during the year. The third essay examines the link between the human capital of Senegalese migrants and their integration into the destination labor market. The results suggest that the probability of being in skilled employment given the level of education is lower in migration compared to Senegal. Although a priori distinct, the three essays have in common an approach that mobilizes household surveys and various microeconometric techniques to deal with the complexity of migration in order to improve the understanding of the consequences of migration on the economies of origines
Coulondre, Alexandre. "Faire une place au marché : La création des centres commerciaux en France par les promoteurs immobiliers." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090016.
Full textIn this dissertation we study the creation of shopping malls in France. We propose a sociology of market work of retail property developers. As marketplaces creators they have to involve retailers and consumers in their projects. They also have to organize a place for the market inside the cities. Thus, they confront local representatives. As a result these marketplaces creators have to deal with property, retailing and political issues. A tension between three kinds of projects definition emerges. Property developers' activity follows several steps which comprised attempts to articulate this tension. Based on interviews, analyses of four projects (Bercy Village, Le Millénaire, Odysseum, Ecoparc) and a statistical study of the shopping malls profiles in the Île-De-France region, we show that property developers recently follow the vision of local representatives involved in the urban development since the 1990's
Calvo, Thomas. "Governance, Peace and Security in Sub-Saharan Africa : Microeconomic interaction and impacts Fear of the state in governance surveys? Empirical evidence from African countries Fear Not For Man? Armed conflict and social capital in Mali." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLD009.
Full textThis dissertation in applied development microeconomics centres on Sustainable Development Goal 16 which “promote[s] just, peaceful and inclusive societies”. This work aims at studying the interactions and effects of Governance, Peace and Security through the analysis of first-hand and high-quality household survey data in SubSaharan Africa. It is built around two lines of research. The first line of research is cross-cutting and methodological: it questions the reliability of the data used. Indeed, public organisations, namely National Statistics Offices, administer the surveys and collect information of sensitive nature (dealing with respect of fundamental rights, democracy, corruption among other things). Results show no systematic self-censorship or attenuation bias from adults surveyed by NSOs compared with adults surveyed by independent organisations. We provide evidence of the capacity and legitimacy of government-related organisations to collect data on governance, at much higher levels of precision than other existing data sources. The second line of research focuses on the impacts of violence in two African countries. On the one hand, we study the impacts of political violence on social capital since 2012 in the case of the Malian conflict. The increased association participation in areas exposed to violent events cannot be considered as positive. Indeed, it is observed solely for family and political associations, which are comparatively inward-looking and act as interest groups. We interpret this finding as a form of withdrawal behind group or community boundaries which may exacerbate ethnic divisions and deepen the conflict. On the other hand, I study how workers of the informal labour market cope with criminal violence in Madagascar. Although victims of criminality seem not to adopt different behaviours on the labour market, the fear of crime impact productivity negatively, particularly in the agricultural sector. Fearful workers become more vulnerable to shock occurrence. Adults’ fear of criminal violence also channels to under 15 household members whose participation on the labour market increases
Lapoire, Mireille. "Travail temporaire, marché durable : le travail intérimaire en France." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DENS0024.
Full textThere was a fairly steady increase in temporary agency work (TAW) in France between 1972 and 2004, whereas that work was strictly regulated by rules that remained unchanged. This doctoral thesis aims at accounting for this a priori paradoxical increase. The research is based upon multilevel, strategic and systemic studies. The behaviours of individuals who are involved in the TAW system and in a similar social network were observed : temporary workers, user firms, temporary work agencies, and agents of public services who belong to 8 segments of the labour market connected to 4 sectors - logistics, transportation, architecture and call centres. The contexts of their action, employment, economic and judicial situations were examined within several conceptual frameworks : sociologies of work, employment, market and law, economic and financial analyses. Thus, the legal constraints, the high cost of TAW for workers, users and agencies and the unpredictability of their behaviours, which at first sight seemed to interfère with the development of TAW, were thoroughly analysed ; they can accotait for the way the transactions between these individuals, developed and lasted. These elements turn out to be the very conditions for this collective gaine. More legally bound and controlled than the others, the agencies know how to control their constraints and those of theirs "partners". They also manage to turn them into resources, to make temporary workers and users dependent, even though the latter seem to be a priori free. They finally manage to share out the costs of those transactions. They transfer part of the costs to the 3 main parties of the TAW system and the rest to other parties
Prina, Sophie. "Le marché du travail Rhône-Alpes/Piémont, un marché concret." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20043.
Full textGlobalization and Europeanization are involving a more local management for the cross-border labour market. In this framework, the Interreg project between Rhone Alpes and Piemont called “working without borders” is a real interregional laboratory for the european labour market construction. The public employment services cooperation and their actors steming from a centralized model in France and from a decentralized one in Italy are participating in the social construction of the Rhone-Alpes - Piemont labour market. This is through the labour market modeling and sociografy that are pointed up the peculiar processes of the different institutions and of their protagonists. The Rhone Alpes-Piemont labour market is very specific one, due to the dynamic heritage which created it, the current structures bearing it and the expansion prospects that its cross border position enables. The specificity of the border space created in the framework of this type of cooperations is fed by the complexity of institutional meshings and the lack of synchronization of public utilities on the european field. The model provided by the analysis relies on a quadruple assumption: this is a market of professions, a market of public utilities, a transborder market and a transitional market. Consequently, this model is specific and can be transposable to any other system
Jean, Sébastien. "Commerce international et marché du travail." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010041.
Full textMazerolle, Fabrice. "Echange international et marché du travail." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPP0012.
Full textSales, Marine. "Frictions financières et marché du travail." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN041/document.
Full textUnemployment rates in developed economies are now significantly different. Labor market institutions are also diverse and multifaceted. These institutions could be considered as allowing to increase or to reduce the levels of unemployment. However empirically, there is no direct and unambiguous link between unemployment rates and institutions in the labor market. By considering more precisely the way in which firms decide on their payroll, we realize that we omit, by making this simple correlation link, an essential variable that determines the hiring and firing behavior of firms, namely the funding variable. The external financing capacity of firms may determine the labor demand, conditional on the institutions in the labor market. Thus, the problem is not whether institutions in the labor market condition its relative performance but rather whether the couple of institutions in labor and credit markets determines this performance. A firm is certainly constrained by a greater or lesser flexibility in the labor market, but its computations are part of a broader perspective, which is whether or not it has access to the funding it needs. The importance of financial frictions in the credit market determines the level of the external financing constraint for firms. This could then have an impact on their hiring plans and job levels in economies depending on the prevailing labor market institutions. Financial frictions should therefore influence the main labor market macroeconomic variables, namely unemployment, wage level and the number of vacancies, conditional on existing labor market institutions
Gouider, Abdessalem. "La discrimination par genre sur le marché du travail : fondements théoriques et application au marché du travail tunisien." Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA131021.
Full textMirza, Daniel. "Commerce international, structures de marché et impact sur le marché du travail." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010052.
Full textPochet, Buttin Christine. "Le fonctionnement réel du marché du travail." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090012.
Full textHow does the labor market actually works ? The labor market is nowadays characterized by a high rigidity of wages, which decrease very little even when the supply of labor is high. Thus, this renewed study of the labor market will mainly rely on the analysis of quantity adjustments. First, the concept of labor market is abandonned and the concept of qualification market is ontroduced. Labor is no longer considered as a homogeneous factor, as in the classical theory. This work will demonstrate that qualified labor is exchanged on the labor market i. E labor which is characterized by skills required for a job or mastered by an applicant. This market place will be called the qualification market. Then, this work will analyse how the qualification market actually works. A short-term attitude of business firms will be to take advantage of the flexibility of every employee's qualification (by in-house training) to fit the requirements of production. This phenomenom is particularly obvious at the level of local labor markets. In the long run, technical innovations and the differential development of
Rubino, Roberta. "Au-delà du don et du marché : produire du coton biologique au Mali entre commerce équitable et développement durable." Paris, EHESS, 2013. https://eu02.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/uresolver/33PUDB_IEP/openurl?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&portfolio_pid=5364193810004675&Force_direct=true.
Full textThis thesis was conceived as a double ethnographie concerning both the study of a promotion program of organic and fair cotton production in Mali and the critical analysis of the devices which settle and structure the international NGO of development, in charge of its implementation. The reconstruction of the chaine of production of organic and fair cotton in Mali noptice that the fair trade was not itself a practice of alternative development. To the contrary, beyond its specific contents, its strongly ideological formal structure answered to the characteristics, and thus the limits, of all other development projects of modern type. Furthermore, analyzing criteria of fair trade we acknowledged that the trade would never be fair due to the gift it contains. In the progress of the program, the NGO appeared as an institution endowed with a flexible and natural tendency to adapt itself and welcome changes before they turn into conflict. In concomitance, various techniques of power are implemented in order to excercise a control on and limit these non-governmental people, and the experiences of which they are made observers. Inj the inside, a series of mechanisms concerning the organisation of the work "at the tools" to make it aim at the reorganisation eiter social or cultural significats which are attributes to the experience. To this internal shape of control ajutent other, outer, locable in the devices which constantly watch, judge and thus legitimize the existance of the NGO
Aeberhardt, Romain. "Mesurer la discrimination sur le marché du travail." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01022111.
Full textFontaine, Idriss. "Essais sur les dynamiques du marché du travail." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0056/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at understanding labor market dynamics. In order to shed light on the mechanisms at the origin of labor market stocks, e.g. the unemployment rate, this thesis studies flows of workers. Indeed, changes in stocks hide a perpetual movement of worker flows between labor market states. When some individuals are finding a job, some others are losing their, while others are withdrawing from participation. To take into account all these alternatives, this thesis proposes applied studies, based on survey data, but also theoretical analyses, based on modern macroeconomic models. The four essays of this thesis suggest that non-participation and return to job are dominant in explaining French unemployment variations. It is also shown that, in terms of worker flows, paths are multiples and depend on individual own characteristics: “unskilled” workers accumulate difficulties on the labor market; women have lower chances of participating when their family size increases. At a macroeconomic level, this thesis shows that worker flows responses to aggregate shocks differ according to their origin. Moreover, the economic environment has a direct impact on worker flows. Times of uncertainty, characterized by a high level of unpredictability, change the behavior of economic agents. As search activities have a lower probability to be successful, fewer individuals move from non-participation to participation
Larquier, Guillemette de. "Dynamique du marché du travail et processus d'appariement." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100020.
Full textThe aim of the labour market is the formation of employment relations between workers and employers, thus its dynamics have to be studied in terms of matching process. The thesis contains three parts. The first one begins the analysis within the scope of the matching co-operative games (the information on the quality of employment relations is perfect). This approach makes it possible to formalize the matching procedure as an algorithm and to diagnose different factors of instability which are inherent in the structure of the game. The second part is devoted to the investigation of a particular factor of instability : the one generated by risk and incertitude affecting the quality of employment relations. In a non-co-operative perspective, after the exposition of jovanovic's model of job matching (1979) in which worker and employer jointly experiment the productivity of their match, other models of match experimantation are submitted. Some are based on bayesian principles (the environment of agents is a world of probability), some are based on the use of conventions (agents have to co-ordinate each others without probability). The third part finishes the analysis by integrating the previous models of match experimentation in a macroeconomic context and in a dynamic way, with the aim of reproducing the shiftings of the beveridge curve. Finally, the thesis emphasizes the stress on the plurality of matching processes in action on the market
Campens, Étienne. "Améliorer le marché du travail des peu qualifiés." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010057.
Full textAit, Soudane Jalila. "Secteur informel et marché du travail au Maroc." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10031.
Full textHaywood, Luke Timothy. "Qualité de l'emploi dans le marché du travail." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010035.
Full textGaumont, Damien. "Marché interne du travail, effort et information asymétrique." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020135.
Full textHow it is possible to induce to effort heterogeneous workers with a unic labour contract ? answering to this question, this thesis presents a first step in the integration of a flow theory of the firm within an optimal incentives framework. In all chapters, we provide some evidences that at equilibrium, the firm finds too costly to raise the wage high enough to elicit effort from all their employees. These results are take the counterpart of the efficiency wage theory. The modelisation use game theory tools, which is particulary relevant to describe the internal labor market when information is asymmetric. After a survey of literature in the first chapter, we presents some some new theoretical results and test them empirically on panel data. First part is devoted to "post and incentive". The theoretical model, (chap. 2), shows that it may subsist shirkers at equilibrium. Wage and dismissals are negatively correlated. Chapter 3 tests this last proposition on panel data. The second part studies job and incentive, and shows (chap. 4) that it exists moral hazard and adverse selection in training. But the firm cannot always resolve this problem. The fird part is consacrated to "office and incentive". Chap. 5 describe how difficult it is for the firm to induce wealthy top executives officers, because it they are supposed to be able to manage correctly the firm, then they can also correctly manage their own portfolio. The very high wage
Coquet, Bruno. "L'assurance-chômage et le marché du travail contemporain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24007.
Full textUnemployment Insurance (UI) is a key labour market policy.A comprehensive survey of UI literature assesses what we know about UI optimality and its relevance regarding present labour market conditions. Despite of being its founding rationale, jobseekers’ consumption smoothing is rarely assessed, as well as other UI gains. In contrast research has long focused on UI adverse effects, namely recipients’ moral hazard, and on benefits optimization to control it. Recent literature better integrates firm and economic dynamics, thus being richer regarding the way UI benefits and financing rules could be more optimal.Do UI regimes build on this knowledge? An historical approach of French UI rules, and up to date descriptions of 5 other UI regimes, show an extreme diversity of UI arrangements, raising doubts about their optimality. Comprehensive analysis of social transfers to unemployed should be preferred to analysis restricted to UI benefits, because less misleading about unemployed real situation and behaviour.An in depth analysis of French UI rules illustrates that numerous reforms didn’t solve structural problems. The regime suffered increasing spending due to labour market changes, but it also stimulated adverse expensive behaviours among specific groups and short term contracts, both leading to heavier taxes and reduced efficiency for the bulk of workers and firms. In France as elsewhere, UI systems’ funding is a forsaken part of reforms. Yet regarding justice, incentives, financial stability, etc. reviewing rules governing resources could be more rewarding than implementing usual UI benefits reforms
Jones, Emilia. "Discriminations, lieu de résidence et marché du travail." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST0053/document.
Full textIn most of the developed societies, in France too, we are now witnessing an increase of the social and economic disparities between regions, an occurrence and persistence of neighborhoods "in difficulty", concentrating the most vulnerable populations. "Spatial segregation" appears as a norm of urban organization and territory as an issue of social cohesion. Many economic and sociological studies have sought to explain the differentials observed between these populations, particularly in the labor market. Three main mechanisms explain the impact of the place of residence on the individuals' labor market achievement: the spatial mismatch, the social environment and the discrimination based on place of residence. In this doctoral dissertation we focus on this last mechanism through which the place of residence affects the individuals' labor market achievement. Across three studies covering three chapters, we highlight three important elements in the analysis of discrimination related to place of residence: the feeling of discrimination, wage discrimination and employment discrimination. These are illustrated by different methods: an analysis of subjective survey data, an analysis of objective survey data and, finally, an analysis of experimental data. The main results are as follows. We have shown that there are specific effects of place of residence on the feeling of discrimination among young people. We have shown that the place of residence has a direct influence on the probability of finding a job after the school as well as on the salary associated with the job. Using a decomposition of wage differentials we have shown that there is a potential discrimination related to the place of residence that affects especially young women. We found a major impact of the residential county on the individuals’ chances of access to hiring. The same effect also exists, more weakly, at the level of the neighborhood reputation. An analysis of the order of answers to job candidates confirmed these results and revealed an even stronger discrimination. On the basis of these results, we propose policy recommendations related to different aspects of discrimination based on place of residence
Tragre, Modibo. "Alimentation, productivité du travail et développement agricole cas du Mali." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596894w.
Full textBa, Daouda. "L' effectivité des normes de l' organisation internationale du travail et le travail des enfants dans les pays en développement : le cas du Mali." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020053.
Full textThe importance of child labour in developing countries, especially in Mali, led us to study it from a "legal" point of view, particularly in the field of labour and social security Law. In one hand, one should ask about the importance of International Labour Organisation in view of child labour, looking at the same time into the conceptual problems related to the definition, the causes and consequences of child labour. Thus, one considers necessary to study the historical, political, cultural and legal fluctuations that characterize the developing countries, particularly Mali (Part I). On the other hand, the question concerning the removal of child labour's exploitation requires actions on many fronts as legislative and economic measures, supervision of the informal sector, decent work promotion and establishment of a universal social security system (Part II). Finally, one outlines the social politics of Mali which mainly go through the setting up (establishment) of an efficient child politics
Le, Barbanchon Thomas. "Evaluation de politiques publiques sur le marché du travail." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00720999.
Full textChartrand-Beauregard, Julie. "La demande de travail et les rigidités du marché." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33596.pdf.
Full textBrocard, Jean-François. "L' intermédiation du marché du travail des sportifs professionnels." Limoges, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIMO1010.
Full textThe dissertation consists of three self -contained papers presented in three chapters. In chapters 1, we perform a critical review of the internediation of the labor market of professional athletes. We first provide theorical justifications for the emergence of intermediaries in markets and specify the role they are assigned in the literature. From the case study of sportts agents activity, we show that the observed abuses indicate the inefficiency of the current regulatory frame work. We propose a reform of the sports agents' status sustained by a improvement of the regulation of the market in which they operate. In the chapter 2, we study the effects of completing the legal frale work of matchmakers with a rule designating which party must the commission. We examine the two rules currently open to debate at the international level in sport : the "player-pays" principle and the "club-pays" principle. We find that the most appropriate measure entails designating the party with the lesser bargainning power to pay the intermediary's fee. However, our main result indicates that the appropriateness of imposing an additional rule in the legal frame work is a preliminary issue. Chapter 3 proposes a test for the power of sports agents to distort the talent allocation in French professional basketball leagues over the period 2002-2011, using an original database. Sports agents can be said to have market power if clubs dealing with an abve-average proportion of top agent systematically outperform clubs with a below-average proportion of which is found to be a very good indacator of clubs'performance in professional basketball leagus in France over the relevant time period. Statistically significant evidence of sports agents'market power in this sense is found. The regulation needs to adapt in order to enhance the transpareny of relationship between clubs and sports agents and clarify sports agents' missions, which would give greater responsability to players in their agent' s selection
Kamionka, Thierry. "Analyse microéconométrique des transitions sur le marché du travail." Toulouse 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU10038.
Full textIn this work we present estimates of reduced form transition models and of a dynamic random utility model. These models provide a unified framework allowing studying relationships existing between stocks, flows and mean sojourn durations in labour market states. To analyse the development of unstable job patterns, we consider the French labour force surveys panel collected by the French national institute for statistics and economic studies (INSEE) for the period 1986-1988. Particular attention is paid to the problem of the estimation of continuous-time Markov models using discrete-time panel data. We also study the existence of individuals confined out of stable jobs and alternating between unstable jobs, unemployment and nonparticipation, using a mixture of time-homogeneous Markov processes
Decreuse, Bruno. "Exclusion du marché du travail dans les modèles d'appariement." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24003.
Full textLages, dos Santos Pedro. "Impôt négatif, appariement et performances du marché du travail." Le Havre, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LEHA0023.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose a contribution to the reflexion on the reform of the socio-tax system and, more particularly, to the analysis of the effects of measures such as "Basic Income" and "Negative Income Tax" on unemployment, labour market efficiency and agents well-being. To this purpose, we retain a formalization à la Marimon and Zilibotti (1999) where the differentiation of workers and jobs are made explicit (not like standard matching models). Within this framework, it appears that Earned Income Credit systems can present interesting effects in terms of employment, reduction of inequalities and poverty. However, the efficiency of these systems can depend considerably, on the one hand, on labour market conditions (like, for example, the effectiveness or not of a minimum wage) and, on the other hand, on the variables concerned. Indeed, the fall on participation to the labour market as well as the reduction of job productivity belong to the negative effects that can generate such systems
Plassard, Jean-Michel. "Information imparfaite et discrimination sur le marché du travail." Toulouse 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU10069.
Full textThe aim of this study is to develop a reflexion on the labour market. The approach is theoretical concerning guidance, the considered problematics is market off from a traditional scheme of the discrimination which aimed at previleging an exogenous interpretation of the phenomenon. The statistical discrimination depends on the theory of information. It is based upon a rational behaviour of the employers who are in a state of doubt regarding the economic features of the potential workers. The appeal to variables which are easily observable as sex, race and diplomas may reduce this doubt in a cheap manner. The analysis of discrimination is made by studying the consequences of the employers' behaviours under much diversified theories
Selwaness, Irène Nabil Wahib. "Trois essais empiriques sur le marché du travail égyptien." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010048.
Full textChoulet, Céline. "Créations d'emplois publics et performances du marché du travail." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010056.
Full textKoné, Koko Siaka. "Pauvreté, marché du travail et genre en Côte d'Ivoire." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40004.
Full textGoudet, Olivier. "La modélisation multi-agent du marché du travail français." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066631/document.
Full textThis thesis presents an agent-based model of the labor market. The model simulates the market at the aggregate level and at the level of the principal manpower categories, on the basis of the decisions of heterogenous agents, firms and individuals, who interact. These decisions rely on computations of profits and utilities in a context of bounded rationality. The theoretical structure that underlies the decisions is the search concept. We apply this framework to the case of France in 2011. The model is at a scale of 1/4700. It is fairly detailed on the institutions of the labor market which constrain the agents’ decisions. Subsequently, it is calibrated by a powerful algorithm to reproduce a large number of variables of interest. The calibrated model presents a coherent accounting system of the gross flows of the individuals between the main states, employment, distinguishing open ended contracts and fixed duration contracts, unemployment and inactivity. The simulation of the gross flows enables us to analyse the patterns of mobility and to characterize the nature of the labor market under study, reproducing the high proportion of the fixed duration contracts in the hiring flows, and it points to a dualism of the French labor market. Modeling crowding out of some categories of workers (for instance the youths) by others is then a main contribution of the model to the labor market analysis. Finally, we study economic policies according to various indicators. We show that it is difficult to find a public policy which provides good results for all criteria and which is beneficial both for firms and individuals. It is all a question of compromise and political choice
Touré, Sanidié Alcaïdi. "Vers l'école de la collectivité pour des stratégies d'intégration sociale et d'emploi des jeunes au Mali." Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20010.
Full textYouth in Mali suffer a 70% rate analphabetisme rate. This constatation implies that tentatives solutions towards socio-professional integration of youth require study strategies. Since 1983, the various attemps to solv youth unemployment, conflicting theories were proposed. Several proposals deal with the problem in terms of development. Besides national development, in mali since 1960, strategies based on agriculture and cattle breeding, development projects were worked out through a variety of non gouvernment organizations. Thirty years later the general situation in mali does not markedly reflect the impact of the various development projects. This is though to be the indication of a gap in coordination between the development actions of the non gouvernmental organjizations. During the same period the national policies did not allow to eliminate inequality in the access of youngs to education and further on to employment. This situation brough us to propose l'ecole de la collectivite model. This kind of school intends to set the basis for a comprehensive theory od development arising from a starting point, taking into account at a large extent all the components of social life, development and employment. This school is only link of an educational system, the spirit of which would be identical from the village to the town and from the bortom to the top. .
Lecoutre, Marc. "Capital social, école et entreprises sur le marché du travail." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719714.
Full textBonnard, Claire. "Le marché du travail des scientifiques : capital humain, incitations, proximité." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655967.
Full textPoncon-Beffy, Magalie. "Mobilités et dynamiques salariales sur le marché du travail français." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00407679.
Full textLe deuxième chapitre étend le modèle du premier chapitre en incorporant des effets entreprises inobservés et cette extension permet de confirmer les résultats précédemment obtenus. Le troisième chapitre s'intéresse à la différence de structures des salaires entre le secteur public et le secteur privé. Sont modélisés de façon jointe, la participation, le choix de secteur, et les salaires des différents secteurs. Est aussi prise en compte une hétérogénéité individuelle. Par cette méthode, les différences de salaires entre les deux secteurs sont décomposées en la constante (plus élevée dans le public que dans le privé), les rendements des variables explicatives observées (les diplômes sont par exemple mieux rémunérés dans le privé) et enfin une habilité inobservée qui mesure la spécificité du travail humain des personnes employées dans le secteur public. Le dernier chapitre enfin s'intéresse à la place du contrat de travail en France. Certaines personnes sont-elles confinées dans des trajectoires précaires ? 5% des personnes âgées de 30 à 49 ans seraient confinées contrairement aux 13% observés sans tenir compte de la censure des observations
Aboulkacem, El Mehdi. "Infrastructures de transport urbain et frictions du marché du travail." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12021/document.
Full textWe explore in this thesis some aspects of the role played by the urban transport infrastructures in reducing the labor market frictions caused by the spatial separation between the places of residence and the job opportunities locations. To do so, this thesis is written in three chapters.In the first, we build a series of spatial matching functions linking jobless workers to vacant positions. These functions depend on the transport infrastructures parameters and are not conditional on the structure of the city in which the matching process occurs. In the second chapter we present an innovative public policy evaluation instrument used for measuring the impact of the Paris region transport infrastructures performances on the local unemployment rates and for predicting the impact of the Grand Paris Express on these rates. This instrument can be used in other contexts and for other regions. Last but not least, the third chapter analyses the determinants of the home-workplace distance of two-worker households' workers living in Paris region. The objective is to provide some clues to understand the transportation demand generated by the constant growth of the part of this kind of households and to anticipate it while designing the future planning policies
Doré, Antoine. "Le métier d’auteur dramatique : travail créateur, carrières, marché des textes." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0079.
Full textThe thesis considers and explores dramatic writing as a profession belonging both to the creative writing and performing arts sectors rather than as a literary genre, nor as a mere cultural practice. Despite the complexity characterising the skills range of playwrights, studying their creative process reveals common practices and shared methodologies. The study of individual careers shows that besides writing, the majority of French playwrights also work as stage directors, actors and/or have another professional activity providing them with an income more regular than copyright fees and royalties. Therefore when evaluating the level of integration of the playwright as a professional into the art worlds, it is key to recognise the importance of recognition over income. This work attempts to identify the regulation modes and underlying logics in plays selection process by the publishers, by the reading committees and by the main segments of theatre production market (subsidised theatres, independent theatre companies, commercial theatres, non professional groups). This research is based on a series of 150 personal interviews with playwrights and professionals based in France and in Europe as well as on the constitution and statistical analysis of several demographic and economic databases (SACD database, Electre database, Didascalies database, reading committees directory)
Ponçon-Beffy, Magali. "Mobilité et dynamiques salariales sur le marché du travail français." Paris 1, 2008. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005067.
Full textJoseph, Gilles. "Activation des dépenses passives et performances du marché du travail." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010070.
Full textCarcillo, Stéphane. "Appariements sur le marché du travail et salaires : quelques interactions." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010065.
Full textBlache, Guillaume. "Flexicurité et dynamiques du marché du travail : une perspective danoise." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010008.
Full textCharbonneau, Alexandre. "Marché international du travail maritime : un cadre juridique en formation." Nantes, 2008. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01652177.
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