Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marché financier – Canada – Modèles mathématiques'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Marché financier – Canada – Modèles mathématiques.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Gaudreau, Éric. "Modèle quadratique de Treynor-Mazuy et régimes de marché : une étude empirique du comportement des portefeuilles dans un contexte canadien." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25934/25934.pdf.
Full textFang, Yuao. "Déviations de la condition CIP : une analyse avec les données canadiennes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69315.
Full textThis paper analyzes deviations in the covered interest rate parity (CIP) condition between the U.S. and Canadian dollars, which appear to have increased since the global financial crisis of 2008. To do so, the study focuses on three macroeconomic factors that can potentially explain these deviations: capital liquidity, risk sentiment in financial markets, and the relative strength of the US dollar. The data used constructs CIP deviations from data on interest rates, spot exchange rates, and forward exchange rates that come from Bloomberg. Our results confirm the majority of empirical studies by showing that the CIP principle remains a good guide for analyzing the relationship between forward and spot exchange rates and interest rates, even though this condition does not hold exactly at all times. Deviations from the CIP condition, when they occur, appear to be significantly related to the strength of the U.S. dollar, particularly in the post-crisis era.
Achade, Arnoldine Florinda. "Évaluation de la relation entre la courbe de rendement et le taux de croissance future du PIB et impact de la crise financière de 2008 : application au Canada et aux États-Unis." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66696.
Full textMootamri, Imène. "Essais sur la modélisation de processus non linéaires à mémoire longue : quelques contributions." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX24017.
Full textCertain crucial financial time series exhibit long memory behaviour in the sense of slowly decaying correlations combined with regime switching and heteroscedasticity feature. In modeling such behavior, we consider on one hand, the FISTAR model with exponential transition function in order to model US real effective exchange rate and additionally propose two methods to address the related parameter estimation problem. Out-of-sample forecasts were implemented in order to compare the predictive performances of our model with other linear models. On the other hand, we suggest a univariate and multivariate ARFIMA-GARCH model. In the first case, we consider an ARFIMA-STVGARCH model and we develop a specification and estimation strategy of the process. Moreover, in order to compare the asymptotic properties of the estimators, the Monte Carlo simulations are carried out. Finally, we apply this model to the inflation rate series of five countries. In the end, we consider an ARFIMA-GARCH model in multivariate framework (VARFIMA-MVGARCH) to model three American stock returns. We study four type of MGARCH model for estimation and forecasting
Bennouri, Moez. "Les mécanismes d'échanges dans les marchés financiers." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10038.
Full textPouget, Cécile. "Les fonctions économiques du marché des actions." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40010.
Full textFriggit, Jacques. "Mécanique statistique des marchés : une approche darwinienne des comportements financiers : application à la dynamique des taux de change." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32020.
Full textThe dissertation models market behavior in very liquid markets. It assumes that financial behaviors adapt to information not instantaneously but following a darwinian evolution process, then reformulates and solves the problem thus posed by using tools borrowed from statistical mechanics. Some properties of the resulting price process are then compared to actual price processes observed in the foreign exchange market on short time scales. A potential predictor of instabilities is derived. A complete translation of the dissertation into english is available
Isoré, Marlène. "Essays in macro-finance." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/eo6779thqgm5r489m363974qg.
Full textThis dissertation consists of three essays in financial macroeconomics. The methodological approach common to the first two articles is the application of the search and matching theory to financial markets. The third essay builds on the literature on rare events. In the first article, I develop a tractable two-country model in which financial contagion may arise despite a flexible exchange rate regime and substitutability between home and foreign financial assets, contrary to the open-economy standard results under these two conditions. While monetary contractions imply negative output co-movements, in line with the literature, non-walrasian shocks to banks’ funding costs do generate the contagion. The second essay analyzes the role of bankers’ behavior in bank default. The model accounts for heterogeneity in entrepreneurs’ productivity and information asymmetry at the expense of capital holders. Moral hazard arises following a productivity shock: bankers tend to choose investments that are more profitable in the short-run but whose risk is borne by the financiers. This mechanism magnifies credit rationing in the economy and contributes to bank default. The third article examines the macroeconomic impact of a change in the probability of rare events in a New Keynesian model. A rise in the probability of disaster is sufficient to generate a recession without effective occurrence of the disaster. After accounting for monopolistic competition and price stickiness, the responses of consumption and wages are also reminiscent of distressed times. The article thus provides a framework of the dynamic effects of rare events, particularly suitable for further policy analysis
Thevenin, Dominique. "Anomalies des marchés d'actions : le cas des bulles spéculatives." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21046.
Full textThe object of this research paper is to test if speculative bubbles exist on stock markets, and to supply a procedure for testing bubbles. Chapters 1 to 4 retraces the evolution of financial theories, and the attempts to broaden the concept of rational bubbles using assumptions of fundamental value. In chapter 5 to 7, the most commonly used econometric tests are analysed : volatility tests, cointegration tests, and regressions. Tests are extended to a larger sample in time available on the american stock indice, and the conclusions are not modified: it is impossible to reject bubbles on the american stock market. In chapter 8, we introduce floating discount rates in the tests, but this element does not change the results. In chapter 9, the proposed procedure is applied to the french stock market indice. Their results are different for the same period 1871-1997 : it seems that bubbles do not affect frenc^stocks
Sohier, Joël. "La relation d'échange interorganisationnelle : une approche stratégique et interactive." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOE002.
Full textThe thesis fits into the debate on the interactive approach of the markets. It integrates the different marketing approaches of the exchange: distribution, business to business marketing and social marketing. This integration is enriched through the knowledge of the other fields of management, organisation theory and strategy. The research is backed by a conceptual set inspired by a political economy paradigm and the transaction cost approach. The paradigm considers the exchange as the meeting-point between two parties: each one trying to obtain something from the other one against something else. The exchange is the product of a social relationship which, even though it is often constrained, is never entirely determined. The inclusion of a strategic construct in the exchange paradigm allows an interactive representation of the transaction. Each party displays a transactional strategy that is the result of his global strategy as well as the structural conditions which surround the exchange. The thesis shows that the interaction of these strategies makes it possible to explain the functioning and the climate of the exchange. This analysis of the exchange, within the strategic aspect of its management, has required developing a methodology that allows the statistical bringing together of both parties concerned. The simple dyadic approach is outdaded to be replaced by an interactive analysis. The paradigm is tested on a data base of 103 dyads composed of manufacturers of knitted articles and their suppliers. Each party has been separately interviewed about their relationship with their partner. Thus a statistical approach has been made possible: the testing of the model is made through an estimate of the influence of variables measured for one party over variables concerning the exchange partner
Hurson, Christian. "La gestion de portefeuilles boursiers et l'aide multicritère à la décision." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX24002.
Full textMoussa, Hadiza. "Utilisation optimale de l'information privée et évolution stochastique des prix sur un marché financier." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10009.
Full textIn this dissertation we investigate a problem of asymmetry of information on a stock market. The models we consider are zero-sum repeated games with one-sided information as introduced by Aumann and Maschler. Our aim is to study at first the strategic use of private information on a stock market and then to explain how private information is gradually incorporate in the prices set during the trade. Our work focus particularly on the analysis of the strategic behaviour of the uninformed agent. We show that in the absence of external factors subject to unpredictable variations ( demographic and technological parameters, exogeneous offers,. . . ), the prices proposed at equilibrium tend asymptotically to a martingale related to the Brownian Motion : to limit a too strong revelation of his information, the well-informed agent randomizes slightly his actions generating in this way the stochastic evolution of the prices process
Jalkh, Naji Pierre. "Méthodologie multicritère d'aide à la décision et gestion de portefeuille en actions." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090074.
Full textWafta, Mohamad. "Les stratégies momentum et contraire sur le marché français." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21032.
Full textThis research deals with the matter of the financial market efficiency and permits to test two anomalies on the French market: the momentum effect and the contrarian effect. The movements of individual stock prices on a period of three to twelve months enables to predict the future movements in the same direction (effect momentum). However, on a period of 36 months, these movements are predictable in the opposite direction (contrarian effect). When using these anomalies, two strategies can be profitable: the momentum and contrarian strategies. The contrarian profit is obtained in the short-term (one week, one month) and in the long term (36 months); the momentum strategy profit is reached in the middle term (three to twelve months). New methods that consist in considering once at a time the past returns and the autocorrelation coefficients of individual securities have been suggested in this study. They make the momentum strategy profits increase. A decomposition of these profits is necessary in order to understand their origin. It indicates that the cross sectional dispersion in individual stock returns is the main component of the momentum profits. It confirms the hypothesis according to which the momentum profits represent a reward to the risk, which is in accordance with the efficient market hypothesis and justifies the introduction of the momentum factor in the asset pricing model. The introduction improves the chronological description of the portfolio return in comparison to the Fama and French model
Bernis, Guillaume. "Théorie mathématique des marchés financiers : équilibres sur des marchés de réassurance incomplets." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010052.
Full textTaib, Asmâa. "Le modèle à trois facteurs de Fama et French revisité." Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU10002.
Full textThis thesis deals with the relation between stock returns and risk within the framework of the three factor model of Fama and French (1993). The aim of this research is to substitute Size and Book-to-Market ratio in the model by more relevant specific variables related to operating costs and debt. We think that systematic risk depends upon three risk factors : business risk, operating risk and financial risk. The business risk refers to the intrinsic risk of the firm likely captured by the stationary estimated beta of the CAPM. The other sources of risk are probably fluctuant. We show that they could be captured by two easily measured variables: Sales-to-Price ratio and Debt-to-Equity ratio. The specified model joints the principal factor of risk, beta, to the additional risk measured by the two hypothesized ratios. Our model is compared to the model of Fama and French and to the CAPM on the French stock market. Many empirical tests using time series and cross-section regressions are proposed from July 1991 to June 2004. Our three factor model is well-specified. It does a good job explaining common variation in stock returns and cross-section of average returns
Mhamdi, Samir. "La concurrence entre les places financières, vers une nouvelle géographie des activités financières et de nouveaux centres émergents : applications des Modèles multicritères d'Aide à la décision : ACP, logique floue et MCO." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0032.
Full textWhat is meant by ‘financial centres’? What part do these play nationally and internationally? How may one analyse competition between financial centres? In this context, what strategies are followed? Our research has aimed to provide answers to these questions by undertaking an in-depth theoretical study followed by an empirical study shedding light on theoretical concepts. Several themes are discussed here: the competition between financial centres and the various strategies adopted by financial markets; the impact of technological innovations, of internationalisation and of competitive strategies on the characteristics of future financial centres; and, the geography of international financial operations
Schuhler, Estelle. "Apport de la géostatistique aux modèles probabilistes de la finance." ENSMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0855.
Full textMazonzika, God’s will Makuikila. "Analyse comparative des frictions financières aux États-Unis et au Canada : une approche DSGE bayésienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68085.
Full textThis thesis compares financial frictions in the United States and Canada through the DSGE models à la Smets et Wouters (2003) augmented by the financial accelerator à la Bernanke et collab. (1999) which are estimated using Bayesian techniques with data including the period before and after the financial crisis of 2007-2009. Data taking into account the start of the COVID-19 pandemic episode are also integrated into the models for the analysis of impulse response functions. The estimated models give a considerable advantage to models with financial frictions for the United States and Canada in general, but remain inconclusive for Canada when the estimation period preceding the financial crisis of 2007-2009 is considered. In addition, the economic structures estimated for these two countries remain very similar whether or not we consider the presence of financial frictions, but nevertheless suggest certain significant differences. It also emerges that most of the supply shocks seem to have a large impact on the evolution of US macroeconomic variables compared to those of Canada if we consider the estimates made with data including the recent COVID-19 pandemic. According to estimates made with the same previous data, a positive shock to public spending in Canada appears to significantly reduce the perverse effects observed in consumption and investment compared to its US counterpart. In addition, the collapse observed in production in the United States and Canada during the period 2007-2009 would have been caused in large part by a preference shock and a financial shock reflecting a dysfunction of the credit market. For Canada on the other hand, in addition to these two shocks cited, a public expenditure shock would also have contributed to part of the collapse in production even though public expenditure would have increased during this period.
Hugonnier, Julien-Nicolas. "Trois essais sur la théorie des marchés financiers en temps continu." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010008.
Full textHillairet, Caroline. "Equilibres sur un marché financier avec asymétrie d'information et discontinuité des prix." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008278.
Full textMorin, Catherine. "Indice de stress financier pour le Canada : mesure de l'instabilité financière à l'aide de l'analyse en composantes principales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30705/30705.pdf.
Full textFinancial markets are often affected by important perturbations, as witnessed during the 2008 financial meltdown. These perturbations can be seen as a form of financial stress and are defined as an interruption of normal working financial market. This thesis proposes to measure the financial stress in the Canadian market, using a principal component methodology used by the Saint-Louis Federal Reserve (KLIESEN and SMITH [2010]). Our results show that the financial stress occurring on the Canadian market is stongly related to financial stress: notably US financial stress granger causes financial stress on the Canadian market. Additionally, we use a kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) on both US and Canadian data, to account for second and third degree effects in covariance structures. The kernel analysis reduces the noise on the stress graph. Similar structures are visible and qualitative features are the same, but the relative amplitude of these structures is changed.
Dorn, Jochen. "Évaluation, modélisation et couverture des produits structurés de crédit." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010059.
Full textBeaudoin, Luc. "Évaluation de deux modèles de produits dérivés : pour le marché de l'électricité en Amérique du Nord." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24799/24799.pdf.
Full textAksamit, Anna Natalia. "Temps aléatoires, grossissement de filtration et arbitrages." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EVRY0007/document.
Full textThis thesis treats the problems settled in elargement of filtration theory. It consists of two parts.The first part is devoted to random times. We study the properties of different classes of random times from enlargement of filtration point of view.The second part concerns the study of the stability of the non-arbitrage condition under anlargement of filtration. We are mainly interested in no bounded profit with bounded risk condition. We study absence of arbitrage in the case progressive enlargement up to random time. Then we look at the case of initial enlargement with random variable satisfying Jacod's hypothesis
Pfiffelmann, Marie. "Comptes d'épargne et actifs à lots : une approche comportementale." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR1EC08.
Full textThis work is devoted to the study of lottery-linked-deposit-accounts (LLDA). As the popularity of these financial assets cannot be understood in the expected utility framework, we adopt a behavioral approach. First, we study the structure of these assets and determine their optimal design in the light of the behavioral models generally proposed in the literature. However, when these models are applied to the financial market, they have to cope with some difficulties. In order to make up for these limitations, we propose an alternative theory of decision making under risk. In the framework of this new theory, it is now possible to determine, without limitation, the optimal design of LLDA
Ranjan, Abhishek. "Économie financière en multi-période et non-arbitrage." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010070.
Full textToumia, Abderraouf. "L'impact des indicateurs macroéconomiques et microéconomiques sur les cours des actions : cas du marché financier tunisien de 1998-2007." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2009_in_toumia_a.pdf.
Full textFourty years after the introduction of the theory of the APT by Ross S. (1976, 1977), the issue relating to the determination of the influential factors on the variability of stocks returns remains relevant. The problem of the interaction (the disconnection) between the real sphere and the financial sphere fed the academic debate for a long time. It gave consequently to a theoretical and empirical literature economic extremely abundant explaining the behavior of the confirmed money markets. Our research seeks to determine which of macroeconomic and microeconomic variables have a significant relation with the evolution of the stock prices on an emergent market. We will try to see whether the economic agents are determined with regard to the information published by the company or with regard to the economic situation or both at the same time. Our empirical study is realized on the Tunis stock exchange for the period between 1997 and 2007 by using the events studies for the microeconomic variables. For macroeconomic indicators we will use cointegration test and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to encircle dynamics of court and long term
Veryzhenko, Iryna. "L' analyse des questions de la finance moderne avec l'approche des marchés financiers artificiels." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010060.
Full textCawston, Suzanne. "Modèles de Lévy exponentiels en finance : mesures de f-divergence minimale et modèles avec change-point." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582378.
Full textCissé, Ismaëlh Ahmed. "Trafic aérien de passagers au Canada : une analyse exploratoire du modèle origine-destination de Transports Canada pour le marché intérieur." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25411.
Full textAbbot, Tyler. "Heterogeneous risk preferences : theory and empirics." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0031.
Full textThis thesis studies the solution to several models of financial markets with heterogeneous agents who differ in the rate of risk aversion. The first chapter solves a model with complete markets and dividends driven by a Geometric Brownian Motion. The second chapter solves a similar model, but with a mean reverting dividend process and shows how one could estimate such a model. The third chapter solves the model of chapter one when agents face convex portfolio constraints
Konté, Mamadou. "Investisseurs et Marchés Financiers : du comportement des agents à la formation de prix d'équilibre." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618863.
Full textGoulet, Clément. "Signal extractions with applications in finance." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E066.
Full textThe main objective of this PhD dissertation is to set up new signal extraction techniques with applications in Finance. In our setting, a signal is defined in two ways. In the framework of investement strategies, a signal is a function which generates buy/sell orders. In denoising theory, a signal, is a function disrupted by some noise, that we want to recover. A first part of this PhD studies historical volatility spillovers around corporate earning announcements. Notably, we study whether a move by one point in the announcer historical volatility in time t will generate a move by beta percents in time t+1. We find evidences of volatility spillovers and we study their intensity across variables such as : the announcement outcome, the surprise effect, the announcer capitalization, the market sentiment regarding the announcer, and other variables. We illustrate our finding by a volatility arbitrage strategy. The second part of the dissertation adapts denoising techniques coming from imagery : wavelets and total variation methods, to forms of noise observed in finance. A first paper proposes an denoising algorithm for a signal disrupted by a noise with a spatially varying standard-deviation. A financial application to volatility modelling is proposed. A second paper adapts the Bayesian representation of the Rudin, Osher and Fatemi approach to asymmetric and leptokurtic noises. A financial application is proposed to the denoising of intra-day stock prices in order to implement a pattern recognition trading strategy
Sodjahin, William Rolland. "The implementation delay of announced corporate events : three essays in corporate finance and financial markets." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20288.
Full textCharmant, Alain. "Formalisation quantitative du long terme : une contribution." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010001.
Full textCurrently, econometric modelling's contribution, both to economic forecasting and economic policy valuation, is signifiant. However, models term (about five years) is sometimes inadequate. It it possible to extend it? Specifications properties in a long term perspective, and their compatibility, were theoretically studied. Those works pointed out the relationship between long term properties of macroeconomic models and results of theory of growth. So far, questions raised by long-run modelling practise can be expressed using theory of growth's framework: existence and properties of a steady state growth path, and its stability. First, models must provide an analytical framework that allows organisation of inputs contribution to growth. From this point of view, production function is the significant concept. It is widely studied, both using a putty-putty assumption, and a vintage approach. Simulation experiments are used to fith the practical consequence of our results. Yet, it will not do simply to superimpose a model of the business cycle on an equilibrium growth path. In the short run, disequilibriums are explicitly registered in models. Theoritical models of economic growth with disequilibrium can provide interesting exploratory sketchs, that could allow to improve long term properties of econometric models. Concerning disequilibrium on the financial market. .
Ben, Hadj Fredj Mejdi. "Les déterminants macro-économiques et financiers de l'efficience bancaire de pays émergents : cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR1005.
Full textOur objective of this work is to study the efficiency of the Tunisian financial market before and after the Jasmin revolution of 2011 and identify macro-economic and financial factors that influence the efficiency score of this market. Our methodology is to use at first multivariate GARCH model to estimate the correlation between market returns and those of individual banks and the Beta coefficient. As this model assumes the residues that follow the multivariate normal law is untested in practice, we used in a second step the copula theory to provide more flexibility in modeling multivariate data. The most influential factors are determined using the linear regression model, the panel data model and TOBIT model. The empirical results show that the Tunisian market is not efficient either before or after the revolution. Many actions are proposed to improve the degree of efficiency of this market
Lespagnol, Vivien. "Information diffusion in financial markets : an agent-based approach to test the fundamental value discovery in different market structures." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2012/document.
Full textThe piece of work’s aim is to understand information diffusion in financial markets. Starting from the empirical evidences that agents are heterogeneous and bounded rational, we based our investigations on a class of computational models for simulating the actions and interactions of autonomous agents: the agent - based model (ABM). More precisely, this research focuses on the impacts of agents heterogeneity in diffusion and use of information. For this purpose, we developed two market structures, in which the market transparency varies. In the chapters 1 and 2, we introduce a centralised market, where a part of the order-book is available as a public information. In the chapter 3, we build an Over-The-Counter market, where agents bargains with their trading contacts
Gassiat, Paul. "Modélisation du risque de liquidité et méthodes de quantification appliquées au contrôle stochastique séquentiel." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651357.
Full textSaliba, Pamela. "High-frequency trading : statistical analysis, modelling and regulation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX044.
Full textThis thesis is made of two related parts. In the first one, we study the empirical behaviour of high-frequency traders on European financial markets. We use the obtained results to build in the second part new agent-based models for market dynamics. The main purpose of these models is to provide innovative tools for regulators and exchanges allowing them to design suitable rules at the microstructure level and to assess the impact of the various participants on market quality.In the first part, we conduct two empirical studies on unique data sets provided by the French regulator. It covers the trades and orders of the CAC 40 securities, with microseconds accuracy and labelled by the market participants identities. We begin by investigating the behaviour of high-frequency traders compared to the rest of the market, notably during periods of stress, in terms of liquidity provision and trading activity. We work both at the day-to-day scale and at the intra-day level. We then deepen our analysis by focusing on liquidity consuming orders. We give some evidence concerning their impact on the price formation process and their information content according to the different order flow categories: high-frequency traders, agency participants and proprietary participants.In the second part, we propose three different agent-based models. Using a Glosten-Milgrom type approach, the first model enables us to deduce the whole limit order book (bid-ask spread and volume available at each price) from the interactions between three kinds of agents: an informed trader, a noise trader and several market makers. It also allows us to build a spread forecasting methodology in case of a tick size change and to quantify the queue priority value. To work at the individual agent level, we propose a second approach where market participants specific dynamics are modelled by non-linear and state dependent Hawkes type processes. In this setting, we are able to compute several relevant microstructural indicators in terms of the individual flows. It is notably possible to rank market makers according to their own contribution to volatility. Finally, we introduce a model where market makers optimise their best bid and ask according to the profit they can generate from them and the inventory risk they face. We then establish theoretically and empirically a new important relationship between inventory and volatility
Lallouache, Mehdi. "Clustering in foreign exchange markets : price, trades and traders." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0040/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study three types of clustering in foreign exchange markets, namely in price, trades arrivals and investors decisions. We investigate the statistical properties of the EBS order book for the EUR/USD and USD/JPY currency pairs and the impact of a ten-fold tick size reduction on its dynamics. A large fraction of limit orders are still placed right at or halfway between the old allowed prices. This generates price barriers where the best quotes lie for much of the time, which causes the emergence of distinct peaks in the average shape of the book at round distances. Furthermore, we argue that this clustering is mainly due to manual traders who remained set to the old price resolution. Automatic traders easily take price priority by submitting limit orders one tick ahead of clusters, as shown by the prominence of buy (sell) limit orders posted with rightmost digit one (nine).The clustering of trades arrivals is well-known in financial markets and Hawkes processes are particularly suited to describe this phenomenon. We raise the question of what part of market dynamics Hawkes processes are able to account for exactly. We document the accuracy of such processes as one varies the time interval of calibration and compare the performance of various types of kernels made up of sums of exponentials. Because of their around-the-clock opening times, FX markets are ideally suited to our aim as they allow us to avoid the complications of the long daily overnight closures of equity markets. One can achieve statistical significance according to three simultaneous tests provided that one uses kernels with two exponentials for fitting an hour at a time, and two or three exponentials for full days, while longer periods could not be fitted within statistical satisfaction because of the non-stationarity of the endogenous process. Fitted timescales are relatively short and endogeneity factor is high but sub-critical at about 0.8.Most agent-based models of financial markets implicitly assume that the agents interact through asset prices and exchanged volumes. Some of them add an explicit trader-trader interaction network on which rumors propagate or that encode groups that take common decisions. Contrarily to other types of data, such networks, if they exist, are necessarily implicit, which makes their determination a more challenging task. We analyze transaction data of all the clients of two liquidity providers, encompassing several years of trading. By assuming that the links between agents are determined by systematic simultaneous activity or inactivity, we show that interaction networks do exist. In addition, we find that the (in)activity of some agents systematically triggers the (in)activity of other traders, defining lead-lag relationships between the agents. This implies that the global investment flux is predictable, which we check by using sophisticated machine learning methods
Baptiste, Julien. "Problèmes numériques en mathématiques financières et en stratégies de trading." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED009.
Full textThe aim of this CIFRE thesis is to build a portfolio of intraday algorithmic trading strategies. Instead of considering stock prices as a function of time and a brownian motion, our approach is to identify the main signals affecting market participants when they operate on the market so we can set up a prices model and then build dynamical strategies for portfolio allocation. In a second part, we introduce several works dealing with asian and european option pricing
Bonelli, Maxime. "Modélisation stochastique des marchés financiers et optimisation de portefeuille." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4050/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis presents three independent contributions. The first part is concentrated on the modeling of the conditional mean of stock market returns: the expected market return. The latter is often modeled as an AR(1) process. However, empirical studies have found that during bad times return predictability is higher. Given that the AR(1) model excludes by construction this property, we propose to use instead a CIR model. The implications of this specification are studied within a flexible Bayesian state-space model. The second part is dedicated to the modeling of stocks volatility and trading volume. The empirical relationship between these two quantities has been justified by the Mixture of Distribution Hypothesis (MDH). However, this framework notably fails to capture the obvious persistence in stock variance, unlike GARCH specifications. We propose a two-factor model of volatility combining both approaches, in order to disentangle short-run from long-run volatility variations. The model reveals several important regularities on the volume-volatility relationship. The third part of the thesis is concerned with the analysis of optimal investment strategies under the drawdown constraint. The finite horizon expectation maximization problem is studied for different types of utility functions. We compute the optimal investments strategies, by solving numerically the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation, that characterizes the dynamic programming principle related to the stochastic control problem. Based on a large panel of numerical experiments, we analyze the divergences of optimal allocation programs
Loulidi, Sanae. "Modélisation stochastique en finance, application à la construction d’un modèle à changement de régime avec des sauts." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13675/document.
Full textAbstract
Eyraud-Loisel, Anne. "EDSR et EDSPR avec grossissement de filtration, problèmes d'asymétrie d'information et de couverture sur les marchés financiers." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00450944.
Full textSalhi, Khaled. "Risques extrêmes en finance : analyse et modélisation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0192/document.
Full textThis thesis studies the risk management and hedging, based on the Value-at-Risk (VaR) and the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) as risk measures. The first part offers a stocks return model that we test in real data from NSYE Euronext. Our model takes into account the probability of occurrence of extreme losses and the regime switching observed in the data. Our approach is to detect the different periods of each regime by constructing a hidden Markov chain and estimate the tail of each regime distribution by power laws. We empirically show that powers laws are more suitable than Gaussian law and stable laws. The estimated VaR is validated by several backtests and compared to other conventional models results on a basis of 56 stock market assets. In the second part, we assume that stock prices are modeled by exponentials of a Lévy process. First, we develop a numerical method to compute the cumulative VaR and CVaR. This problem is solved by using the formalization of Rockafellar and Uryasev, which we numerically evaluate by Fourier inversion techniques. Secondly, we are interested in minimizing the hedging risk of European options under a budget constraint on the initial capital. By measuring this risk by CVaR, we establish an equivalence between this problem and a problem of Neyman-Pearson type, for which we propose a numerical approximation based on the constraint relaxation
Albosaily, Sahar. "Stratégies optimales d'investissement et de consommation pour des marchés financiers de type"spread"." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR099/document.
Full textThis thesis studies the consumption/investment problem for the spread financial market defined by the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) process. Recently, the OU process has been used as a proper financial model to reflect underlying prices of assets. The thesis consists of 8 Chapters. Chapter 1 presents a general literature review and a short view of the main results obtained in this work where different utility functions have been considered. The optimal consumption/investment strategy are studied in Chapter 2 for the power utility functions for small time interval, that 0 < t < T < T0. Main theorems have been stated and the existence and uniqueness of the solution has been proven. Numeric approximation for the solution of the HJB equation has been studied and the convergence rate has been established. In this case, the convergence rate for the numerical scheme is super geometrical, i.e., more rapid than any geometrical ones. A special verification theorem for this case has been shown. In this chapter, we have studied the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation through the Feynman–Kac (FK) method. The existence and uniqueness theorem for the classical solution for the HJB equation has been shown. Chapter 3 extended our approach from the previous chapter of the optimal consumption/investment strategies for the power utility functions for any time interval where the power utility coefficient γ should be less than 1/4. Chapter 4 addressed the optimal consumption/investment problem for logarithmic utility functions for multivariate OU process in the base of the stochastic dynamical programming method. As well it has been shown a special verification theorem for this case. It has been demonstrated the existence and uniqueness theorem for the classical solution for the HJB equation in explicit form. As a consequence the optimal financial strategies were constructed. Some examples have been stated for a scalar case and for a multivariate case with diagonal volatility. Stochastic volatility markets has been considered in Chapter 5 as an extension for the previous chapter of optimization problem for the logarithmic utility functions. Chapter 6 proposed some auxiliary results and theorems that are necessary for the work. Numerical simulations has been provided in Chapter 7 for power and logarithmic utility functions. The fixed point value h for power utility has been presented. We study the constructed strategies by numerical simulations for different parameters. The value function for the logarithmic utilities has been shown too. Finally, Chapter 8 reflected the results and possible limitations or solutions
Demarquette, Maximilien. "Essais en microéconomie financière et appliquée." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020006/document.
Full textThis thesis contains three distinct papers related to the behavior of investors or firms acting under imperfect competition. First, we consider a Kyle’s (1985) model where investors can produce either a (fundamental) signal on the value of the risky asset, or a (non fundamental)signal on the forth coming demand from noise traders. We show that reducing the cost of the non-fundamental signal worsens price informativeness as well as the welfare of noise traders under some conditions. Then, we extend the model by allowing non fundamental traders to submit limit orders. Their activity is then analogous to front running. By this mean, we enrich our results and show that the potentially detrimental effect of non-fundamental information still pertains. Then, we consider a market à la Kyle (1985) where uninformed hedgers trade for risk sharing purposes with investors located on a network, who share their signal with their“contacts”. This hypothesis formalizes a better diffusion of information. We evaluate its effect on speculative gains and hedgers’ expected utility which depends on the risk sharing role of the market. We show that the introduction of the network might simultaneously improve these two welfare measures as well as price informativeness. An original result that cannot be obtained otherwise. Finally, we consider a contribution game between two competitors of different sizes. We obtain the value of their (irreversible) contributions during each period of the game. We show that the asymmetry between the two firms strongly slowers the collaboration process,high lighting the importance of contractual arrangements in some circumstances. Also, we obtain that increasing competition might be detrimental to social welfare, because it harms the ability of the two firms to set up a mutually beneficial process of collaboration
Andre, Eric. "Trois essais sur la généralisation des préférences moyenne-variance à l'ambiguïté." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2019/document.
Full textThis dissertation proposes a generalisation of the mean-variance preferences to ambiguity, that is contexts in which the investor can not, or does not wish to, describe the behaviour of the risky assets with a single probabilistic model. Hence it belongs to the field of research that seeks to apply models of decision under ambiguity to the mathematical theory of finance, and whose aim is to improve the descriptive capacities of this theory of finance through the generalisation of one of its central hypothesis: expected utility.The models that are studied here are those which represent the decision maker's beliefs by a set of priors: we aim to show, on the one hand, under which conditions these models can be applied to the financial theory, and, on the other hand, what they bring to it. Therefore, following a general introduction which proposes a survey of the advances of this field of research, a first essay studies the conditions of compatibility between these models with a set of priors and the mean-variance preferences, a second essay analyses the possibilities given by the Vector Expected Utility model to generalise these preferences to ambiguity and, finally, a third essay develops one of these threads to construct a generalised mean-variance criterion and to study the effects of ambiguity aversion on the optimal composition of a portfolio of risky assets. The results that are obtained allow notably to conclude that aversion to ambiguity is indeed a possible explanation of the home-bias puzzle
Nguyen, Duc Manh. "La programmation DC et la méthode Cross-Entropy pour certaines classes de problèmes en finance, affectation et recherche d’informations : codes et simulations numériques." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAM0001/document.
Full textIn this thesis we focus on developing deterministic and heuristic approaches for solving some classes of optimization problems in Finance, Assignment and Search Information. They are large-scale nonconvex optimization problems. Our approaches are based on DC programming & DCA and the Cross-Entropy method. Due to the techniques of formulation/reformulation, we have given the DC formulation of considered problems such that we can use DCA to obtain their solutions. Also, depending on the structure of feasible sets of considered problems, we have designed appropriate families of distributions such that the Cross-Entropy method could be applied efficiently. All these proposed methods have been implemented with MATLAB, C/C++ to confirm the practical aspects and enrich our research works