Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marchés pétroliers'
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Jirari, Younès. "Stabilisation des recettes d'exportations pétrolières : contrats à terme et d'options négociables pétroliers." Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX24006.
Full textSince the year 1982, petroleum market has registered great instability in price movements. The latter became more important at the end of 1985. One of the disastrous consequences of this instability has to found in incomes fluctuations of petroleum exporting countries. Combined with the domestic as well as external dependency of petroleum exporting countries to their incomes, this instability can act as a brake to economic expansion. How to manage this kind of risk? Based upon empirical tests realised on a sample of 31 petroleum exporting countries, it is shown that thanks to hedging operations, futures and options markets can be efficient in reducing petroleum income fluctuations. Petroleum exporting countries have the opportunity to realise extra revenues by broadening their activities to these markets. To this end, petroleum exporting nations have to elaborate strategies
Foundoux, Miakanda Joe Pépin. "Les contrats pétroliers : Associations et marchés à terme." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010331.
Full textAyadi, Karim. "La prévision des prix pétroliers." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020050.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the way one can make very short run predictions of spot oil and petroleum derivatives prices. Broadly, there are two issues of interest: the autoregressive expectations and the price discovery role of oil futures prices. In the first part we examine two different forecasting methodologies: technical analysis and time series modelling. Our empirical results show evidence for predictive power of the moving average rule on spot oil prices. On the other hand, the statistical properties of these prices led us to apply arch/garch methodology. The empirical results show, among other things, the existence of mean and conditional variance "day of the week" effects. The second part of this thesis is concerned with the informational role of oil futures markets. We first describe the functioning of oil future markets. Then we test the informational role of the basis (difference between the spot and future prices). In the last chapter, an equilibrium model under rational expectations and asymmetric information is constructed to show that the equilibrium future price transfers informations. Empirical tests show that daily brent future prices doesn't contain interesting informations on the evolution of daily dated brent price. But contain useful information to predict the evolution of dated brent price volatility
Djermane, Rebai. "Structures des marchés : stratégies et performances des acteurs du système pétrolier international." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0011.
Full textSkandrani, Yezid. "L'efficacité des stratégies de couverture sur les marchés dérivés de produits pétroliers en période de forte volatilité." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090061.
Full textChaouchi, Mérièm. "Formation du prix du pétrole : L'impact du choc informationnel." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020092.
Full textWaisman, H. "Les politiques climatiques entre prix du carbone, rentes pétrolières et dynamiques urbaines." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00799199.
Full textWaisman, Henri. "Les politiques climatiques entre prix du carbone, rente pétrolière et dynamiques urbaines." Paris, EHESS, 2012. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00799199.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effects of constraints imposed on economic interactions by limitations due to natural resources, among which oil and urban land play a curcial role in the context of climate change. These dimensions, often neglected in existing analyses, have an ambiguous effect since they suggest both the risk of enhanced costs if carbon limitations reinforce the sub-optimalities caused by pre-existing constraints, but also, conversely, the possibility of co-benefits if the climate policy helps to correct some pre-existing imperfections of socio-economic trajectories. To investigate this issue, an innovative modeling framework of the energy-economy interactions is elaborated that embarks the specificities of the deployment of oil production capacities and the issues related to the spatial organization in urban areas. We demonstrate that, beyond the carbon price, the costs of climate policy essentially depend on the sequencing of complementary measures, with a crucial role of spatial policy designed to control transport-related emissions through mobility
Kalandar, Hassan. "Modélisation autorégressive vectorielle du marché pétrolier." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10026.
Full textHaliplii, Rostislav. "Hedging in alternative aarkets." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E059.
Full textThe research making the object of this thesis focuses on two alternative markets: cryptocurrencies and oil-distillates. Most alternative markets are far from being efficient, and this generates a lot of challenges in terms of modelling. Models based on Gaussian distributions are still the most popular choice for quantitative analysts and are implemented even in markets which are far from being efficient. A sound modelling framework for alternative assets should start from non-Gaussian distribution. Therefore, throughout this thesis, the overarching theme for ail simulations and estimations is the use of generalized hyperbolic distributions. This approach has a two-edged justification. On the one hand, it is critical to developing a fully-edged quantitative framework beyond the Gaussian universe, thereby testing the performance of the new mode! in real-life situations. On the other hand, the markets making the object of this research (oil distillates and crypto-currencies) have neither the fundamentals nor the empirical behaviour that could justify traditional modelling
Raggad, Bechir. "Gestion des risques : théorie et application au marché pétrolier." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX24022.
Full textThe originality of this thesis lies in the transposition of the methods founded on Extreme Value Theory (EVT), developed initially for the analysis of the risks incurred in varied fields, to the analysis of oil market. This contribution is intended to make for the deficit of work dedicated to the measurement and the quantitative analysis of the risks, in term of the Value at Risk (VaR), related to the adverse movements on the market of the crude. The purpose of this thesis is to further explore the usefulness of EVT models in forecasting Value at Risk in oil market. These models are compared to the performances of other well-known modeling techniques on VaR literature. Results show that Conditional EVT and Filtered Historical Simulation procedures offer a major improvement over the standard methods. Furthermore, GARCH (1,1)-t model may give equally good results. In a bivarate setting, we study the dependence structure of extreme returns between spot and futures’oil data. We apply two classes of MGARCH models: the Constant Conditional Correlation (CCC) proposed by Bollerslev (1990) and the Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC) by Engle (2002). The results show that the assumption of constant conditional correlation was not supported. We also conclude that the shocks to the volatilities in the spot and futures’ returns are complementary rather than substitutable. By comparing these results with those obtained with copula approach, we find the estimates of extreme correlations of returns are higher than those obtained from the MGARCH models. The main advantage of copula is that it generates dependence measures even if the multivariate Gaussian distribution does not apply
Irabor, Augustin. "Marché pétrolier et modèle de développement économique : cas du Nigeria." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020127.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to discuss the effets of oil revenue on the nigerian economy and to analyse the country's petroleum strategies. It's therefore necessary to elaborate a core model capable of illustrating the ways through which the oil influences the structure and economic planning in the country. The inflow of foreign currency and cornucopia of natural ressources led to structural changes on the one hand and country's acute dependence on foreign capital on the other. The analysis of this phenomenon and its implications on developing economy like that of nigeria requires some theoretical framework both on economic and oil market level. Suggestions made, was the result of a comparative analysis of different thoeries and historical facts of international oil market and the existing econometric models on the economy of nigeria. This work provides room for several strategies in terms of energy and development policies based on both oil and non oil productions of the economy. The increase in exports and a favourable balance of trade endorsed with adequate allocation of available resources will help boost the manufacturing and industrial activities
Assadi, Djamshid. "Stratégies des acteurs dans les trois physionomies du marché pétrolier." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090025.
Full textIn the petroleum industry, the actors' strategies and the market structures influence each other mutually. Actors' strategic behaviour acts upon the structure (physiognomy) of the market. This, in turn, restricts the strategic manoeuvres and appears as one of the fundamental elements of the game. By contributing to the evolution of the market, the actors themselves are affected by the consequences. Three successive features can be distinguished in the petroleum market as a result of the actors' strategic behaviour. The first two features are primarily oligopolized by the majors, then by theOPEC countries. The third one is polyarchic. The vertical integration strategy continues to be the dominante strategy of the majors in the periode of the three features
Schwenk, Joachim. "L' impact du marché unique sur le commerce des produits pétroliers en Europe." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE019.
Full textLautier, Delphine. "La structure par terme des prix des commodités : analyse théorique et applications au marche pétrolier." Paris 9, 2000. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090015.
Full textBourdieu, Jérôme. "Ressources non renouvelables et raréfaction : le cas du marché pétrolier américain : 1910-1940." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0037.
Full textThis thesis challenges the relevance of exhaustible resource economics to understand the oil market on a theoretical and historical basis. It shows that, during the interwar, exhaustibility became a major phenomenon. Uncoincidentally, hotelling then published is seminal paper. However, exhaustibility, although being a structuring constraint, is not the main motive of choices, as shown by an accurate scrutiny of economic, technological and legal conditions of choice. To understand the behavior of the oil market, one must leave aside the idea of intertemporal allocation, and use the concept of rarefaction, taken as the dynamic resolution of contradicting choices, as the same time produced by non renewability and ignoring it
Sabri, Mahmoud. "L'évolution du marché des capitaux des pays arabes du Golfe depuis le second choc pétrolier." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090017.
Full textThe second oil crisis constitued a new era in the financial evolution of the Arab Gulf countries. The large reserves in this region creates a substantial comparative advantage in the hydrocarbon sector. The revenues derived after this crisis enabled these states to industrialize rapidly and develop their economic infrastructure, the massive public spending however did not succeed in generating a healthy private sector. In fact the crash of the Souk-al-Manakh in Kuwait in 1982 severly damaged private entreprise in the Gulf countries. In the same year, several other important events occured such as the fall of oil prices in the spot market, the first iranian victory in the Gulf war, the resurgence of the islamic world and the deregulation of the international financiel markets. The accumulated effect of these events has resulted in a serious challenge to the arab financial institution in the Gulf region as well as around the world. The islamic financial institutions are trying to find their place amond the other financial intermediaries in the Gulf. The importance of the oil revenues to the Gulf states and the dramatic fall of oil prices since 1986 have motiveted me to begin this study of the future prospects of petrolum in the Gulf region
Poudou, Jean-Christophe. "Comportements d'invention, d'innovation et de R et D dans les marchés de ressources non renouvelables : le cas pétrolier." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10042.
Full textIn that work, we try to reconsider the neo-hotellinian analysis through the prism of r&d and technological innovation. We want to assess how phenomenons as r&d efforts, incentives to innovate or innovation timing can improve the r-per-cent basic rule. Moreover, we research how theses elements can explain some stylized facts of observable exhaustible resource markets, specially the oil market. Methodologically, we are working into the "mining" paradigm of h. Hotelling and l. Gray, i. E. In an agents and markets neoclassical approach. This choice fits our attempt to carry on an analysis of the relations between natural resources sectors and technological innovation in a theoritical rather than a pragmatic way. Our research hinges on a cut-out based on the distinction between firm decision problems and market ones
Elmoussaoui, Abdeloihid. "Application de l’analyse factorielle et de la classification automatique à une étude chronologique multidimensionnelle : cas du marché pétrolier français." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066504.
Full textTouazi, Mahdi. "Le boom pétrolier et le syndrome hollandais au Cameroun : symptômes et canaux de transmissions." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26808.
Full textAmaouz, Hakima. "Les contraintes d'émergence du marché boursier algérien (1998-2004)." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030169.
Full textThis thesis proposes to analyse the emerging constraints of the Algerian stock market in an oil economy and at the same time in transition (1998-2004). Our research was supported by many meeting done at first with different managers of the Algerian stock exchange, of the market authority, brokers in charged of the stock exchange operations. Others in different French, Moroccan and Tunisian financial organisms, aiming to reach measures, which favoured to the development of their markets. Our first chapter studies the economical environment of the Algerian stock market, it concerns the analysis of transition great steps of this economy to a market economy. Our second chapter analyse the Algerian stock market, its creation, its organisation, its functioning and its results. As for our third chapter, it concerns the analysis of the constraints of the stock market development. We will look into factors, which slowed the realization of the privatization program by the stock market. Later on, we will analyse the reticences of local private contractors regarding the market. At the end, the fourth chapter analyse the emerging measures of the Algerian market basing on the experience of Moroccan and Tunisian stock markets
Sassi, Mohamed. "Entre l’État et le marché, Desmarais Frères et la politique pétrolière de la France de 1861 à 1974 : de l’entreprise familiale à l’entrée dans la CFP." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040101.
Full textWith through the example of the family company Desmarais Frères (1861-1965), one attends since 1924 the coexistence of the family company and the large modern oil company (the CFP-Total). It is starting from this paradox that the present thesis tries to recall the development of French oil industry while insisting on diversity of the history, the laid down objectives and the means set up. The environmental approach adopted in this research aims at analyzing the various factors intern (personal, employers, organisational structure, etc. ) and external, related to the development of an industry (official intervention, development of the technique, compete with, etc). In front of the constraints suitable for oil industry and the need for vertical integration, one can see how a complementarity is essential between the large semi-public company and the private company
Ntsama, Etoundi Sabine Mireille. "Le commerce agricole entre le Cameroun et les pays de la CEMAC." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10442/document.
Full textThis is an empirical contribution to the analysis of the regional integration of agricultural markets in central Africa. The thesis uses several econometric models aimed at taking advantage of the high disaggregation of the data by products and market dyads. The first chapter focuses on recent stylized facts on agricultural trade and food security in Cameroon and in the region. Chapter 2 examines the effect of oil discoveries in neighbor countries on Cameroonian exports of agricultural products within the region. Using a wide range of estimators designed for gravity data, econometric results uncover a positive and significant association between oil discoveries in neighbor regional countries on the demand for Cameroonian agricultural goods. The third chapter tests and discusses the existence of a temporal structural break and the asymmetry in agricultural markets within Cameroon. The econometric results obtained from error correction models allowing for structural break and the asymmetry of shocks show that Cameroonian agricultural markets have become less integrated recently, contributing to the asymmetry in the transmission of shocks from production to consumption markets. Chapter 4 uses a two-country model to provide an international evidence of the integration of agricultural markets in central Africa. The framework consists in estimating vector error correction models usingpanel data to test the causality between product prices between the two countries. The results highlight the existence of a bi-directional causality in both the short and long-run
Soummane, Salaheddine. "Oil rent and diversification facing climate challenge : The case of Saudi ArabiaRente pétrolière et diversification face au défi climatique : cas de l'Arabie Saoudite." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA012.
Full textThe increasing call for implementing a global and ambitious climate policy is expected to deteriorate economic outlook of oil-dependent countries. Our research work investigates the impact of this global low-carbon transition and the potential mitigation strategies for the largest oil exporter: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We propose an application using an integrated economy-energy-environment modelling framework taking into account salient features of the Saudi economy such as the currency peg and the regulated domestic energy prices.First, using an aggregated representation of the KSA economy, we show that a weaker oil price re-sulting from the global low-carbon transition is associated with a marginally lower growth, large trade surplus accumulation loss, and higher unemployment for the KSA. We analyse what scope the KSA has to mitigate climate policy impacts. We reveal that aligning domestic energy prices with international references and achieving energy efficiency gains increases economic efficiency while improving public budget prospects. This modelling framework allows to investigate scenarios while controlling the modelling macroeconomic specifications.We refine these outlooks in a mulstisector framework that further allows investigating diversifica-tion opportunities within the Saudi Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) and its Vision 2030 program. We conclude that economic diversification into non energy-intensive sectors (manufacture, tourism, and financial services) through increasing exports and import substitution, in addition to targeting fiscal adjustments of the corporate tax, provide a positive outlook compared with a continuous expansion of energy-intensive activities (minerals, petrochemical, and cement). Indeed, we show that diversification in non-energy intensive sector generates higher growth, and lower unemployment. In addition, under our designed economic diversification plan, the KSA ex-ceeds its climate pledges in terms of targeted CO2 abatement. Nevertheless, the continuous expan-sion of energy-intensive industries is associated with a better outlook for the public debt since the government derives higher revenues from its participation in energy-intensive industries. Finally, we conclude that in our two scenarios, the KSA only partially succeeds in its transition toward a less oil-dependent economy as part of the Vision 2030 program, suggesting that further reforms are to be considered.This thesis contributes to the literature on climate policy implementation and associated economic consequences for fossil-fuel exporters. It provides insights on economic reforms as mitigation strate-gies and could be thus adapted to cover additional countries and fuels
Aarab, Mohammed Amine. "Impact de la hausse du prix du pétrole sur la zone monétaire canadienne : Une étude empirique sur l'emploi et le taux de change." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30053/30053.pdf.
Full textKhalfaoui, Rabeh. "Wavelet analysis of financial time series." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1083.
Full textThis thesis deals with the contribution of wavelet methods on modeling economic and financial time series and consists of two parts: the univariate time series and multivariate time series. In the first part (chapters 2 and 3), we adopt univariate case. First, we examine the class of non-stationary long memory processes. A simulation study is carried out in order to compare the performance of some semi-parametric estimation methods for fractional differencing parameter. We also examine the long memory in volatility using FIGARCH models to model energy data. Results show that the Exact local Whittle estimation method of Shimotsu and Phillips [2005] is the better one and the oil volatility exhibit strong evidence of long memory. Next, we analyze the market risk of univariate stock market returns which is measured by systematic risk (beta) at different time horizons. Results show that beta is not stable, due to multi-trading strategies of investors. Results based on VaR analysis show that risk is more concentrated at higher frequency. The second part (chapters 4 and 5) deals with estimation of the conditional variance and correlation of multivariate time series. We consider two classes of time series: the stationary time series (returns) and the non-stationary time series (levels). We develop a novel approach, which combines wavelet multi-resolution analysis and multivariate GARCH models, i.e. the wavelet-based multivariate GARCH approach. However, to evaluate the volatility forecasts we compare the performance of several multivariate models using some criteria, such as loss functions, VaR estimation and hedging strategies
Nanou, Akwa Maxime. "Application empirique du modèle d'évaluation des actifs financiers (MEDAF) inconditionnel à des actions de banques et de compagnies pétrolières canadiennes." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5356/1/M12736.pdf.
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