Dissertations / Theses: 'Margarethen'

1

Breymaier, Bettina Eva. "Metaphern der Kooperation : eine empirische Untersuchung im Kollegium der Primarschule Margarethen /." Basel : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.zhaw.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/psychologie/Downloads/Bibliothek/Arbeiten/D/d1798.pdf.

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Haas-Trummer, Karin Erika. "Noreia : von der fiktiven Keltensiedlung zum mittelalterlichen Adelssitz : eine historische und archäologische Spurensuche bis 1600 /." Wien : Böhlau, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41065369v.

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3

Müller-Kelwing, Karin. "Margarethe Storch." Böhlau Verlag, 2020. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75060.

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4

Perrenoud-Wörner, Judith. "Rire et sacré : la vision humoristique de la vérité dans l'"Heptaméron" de Marguerite de Navarre /." Genève : Slatkine, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9782051020558.

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Vietig, Jürgen. "Die Designerin Prof. Margarete Junge und Dresden - 50 Jahre nach ihrem Tode: Neue Erkenntnisse zu Geburtsort und Begräbnisstätte." Jürgen Vietig, 2017. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A7824.

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Das Andenken an die Designerin Prof. Margarete Junge (1874.1966) ist in Dresden wieder stärker präsent. Die Ausstellung aus Anlass des 100. Firmenjubiläums der Firma Wendt & Kühn im Museum für Sächsische Volkskunst 2015 sowie die Publikation 'Margarete Junge.Künstlerin und Lehrerin im Aufbruch in die Moderne' im Dresdner Sandstein Verlag belegen dies. Im Zuge weiterer Forschungen konnte festgestellt werden, dass der Geburtsort - im Gegensatz zu bisherigen Annahmen - nicht Dresden, sondern Lauban (polnisch: Luban) ist. Die bislang unbekannte Begräbnisstätte befindet sich auf dem Alten Friedhof in Dresden.Klotzsche, ist aber inzwischen neu belegt.:Margarete Junge im Bewusstsein der Dresdener Die Begräbnisstätte Margarete Junges auf dem Alten Friedhof in Klotzsche Der korrekte Geburtsort: Lauban(Luban) in Schlesien, nicht Dresden

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6

Olender, Margarete Dorothea [Verfasser]. "Kontrollierte Planungsprozesse / Margarete Dorothea Olender." Kassel : Kassel University Press, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161470190/34.

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7

Roßmanith, Margarethe [Verfasser]. "Neuroprotektion durch spezifische Induktion des Transkriptionsfaktors HIF-1 / Margarethe Roßmanith." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025510321/34.

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8

Karir, Simran. "Der Liebescode : zur poetischen Korrespondenz Bertolt Brechts und Margarete Steffins." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79953.

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In the present study, the sonnets Margarete Steffin and Bertolt Brecht wrote each other will be examined both in regard to the form of the sonnet as well as the tradition with which this form is associated. A second point of consideration, which stands to a certain extent in conflict with the first, is the dialogue which these sonnets constitute. This dialogue provided Steffin and Brecht the forum and opportunity to be equal partners, contrary to their real-life situations, where equality between the two did not exist. This forum allowed them to witness and experience each other simultaneously both as subjects and objects both in terms of longing and desire, as in poetic discourse, enabling them to mutually influence each other. And as the sonnets show, this influence did in fact occur regarding their different ideas, attitudes and needs in their relationship to each other.

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9

Quante, Tanja [Verfasser], Margarete [Akademischer Betreuer] Boos, and Steffen-Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Kühnel. "Die Bedeutung des sozialen Einflusses für selbstbezogene Markenfunktionen / Tanja Quante. Gutachter: Margarete Boos ; Steffen-Matthias Kühnel. Betreuer: Margarete Boos." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1042304106/34.

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10

Fischer, Margarethe [Verfasser]. "Miliza Korjus : Lebensbeschreibung und Legende ; ein Beitrag zur Sängerinnen-Biographik / Margarethe Fischer." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058165402/34.

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Molenda, Margarethe [Verfasser]. "Chemische Speicherung und Transformation thermischer Energie mit Calciumchlorid und Wasserdampf / Margarethe Molenda." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074063406/34.

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12

Göth, Daniel [Verfasser], Margarete [Akademischer Betreuer] Goppelt-Strübe, and Margarete [Gutachter] Goppelt-Strübe. "Die Rolle der Caspase-4 und -5 in renalen Schädigungsmodellen / Daniel Göth ; Gutachter: Margarete Goppelt-Strübe ; Betreuer: Margarete Goppelt-Strübe." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:29-opus4-172431.

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13

Lindfors, Hanna. "grevinnans förvandling till Vita frun : Ett animerat porträtt som pedagogiskt verktyg inom museisektorn." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-12386.

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Undersökningen har studerat intresset för en remedierad version av Gustaf Lundbergs pastellporträtt föreställande Brita Margaretha Horn hos respondenter med varierat intresse för kulturarv. Artefakten som skapades var en digital, rörlig version av originalet som genom sina förändringar över tid var tänkta att förmedla Britas livshistoria. Den skapades på uppdrag från Vadsbo museum i Mariestad. Undersökningens frågeställning utvärderades genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning. Med syftet att studera huruvida respondenterna kunde tänka sig att ladda ned en mobilapplikation för att ta del av ytterligare information om Brita och vad de såg för fördelar och nackdelar med remedieringen. Resultatet visade att beroende på konstsyn varierar synen kring remedieringen. Över hälften kunde tänka sig att ladda ned en mobilapplikation för att ta del av mer information om Brita.

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Süß, Monika Margarete [Verfasser]. "Der Pfarrkirchenrat : Eine kanonistische Bestandsaufnahme / Monika Margarete Süß." Hamburg : Diplom.de, 2002. http://d-nb.info/1187455148/34.

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15

Roericht, Margarete [Verfasser], and S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Enders. "Thermodynamik des Glasübergangs / Margarete Roericht ; Betreuer: S. Enders." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1232323934/34.

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16

Siegenthaler, Eliane. "Margarete Wettstein-Doepfner : Leben und Wirken : 1898-1999 /." Bern : Universität, 2005. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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17

Steudle, Lisa Margarethe [Verfasser], and Michael R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Buchmeiser. "Neue Präkursoren für Lignin-basierte Carbonfasern / Lisa Margarethe Steudle ; Betreuer: Michael R. Buchmeiser." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1138234826/34.

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18

Urban, Margarethe Elisabeth [Verfasser]. "Synthese und pharmakologische Testung potentieller PPARγ-Agonisten ausgehend von Telmisartan / Margarethe Elisabeth Urban." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030291551/34.

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Preiß, Elisabeth Margarethe [Verfasser], and Helmut Seidel [Akademischer Betreuer]. "CO Gas Sensor for Consumer Electronic Applications / Elisabeth Margarethe Preiß ; Betreuer: Helmut Seidel." Saarbrücken : universaar, Universitätsverlag des Saarlandes, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1174672498/34.

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Grandt, Margarete [Verfasser]. "Teamzusammensetzung und interdependente Koordinationsformen unter kritischen Handlungsbedingungen / Margarete Grandt." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1069044555/34.

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21

Belz, Michael [Verfasser], Margarete [Akademischer Betreuer] Boos, and Micha [Akademischer Betreuer] Strack. "Competitive, Neutral, or Cooperative Outcome Interdependence? : Consequences on the Behavioral and Perceptional Level / Michael Belz. Gutachter: Margarete Boos ; Micha Strack. Betreuer: Margarete Boos." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1043028412/34.

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Dostert, Maria Margarethe [Verfasser], Frank [Gutachter] Vallentin, and Peter [Gutachter] Littelmann. "Geometric Packings of Non-Spherical Shapes / Maria Margarethe Dostert ; Gutachter: Frank Vallentin, Peter Littelmann." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138027243/34.

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Dostert, Maria [Verfasser], Frank [Gutachter] Vallentin, and Peter [Gutachter] Littelmann. "Geometric Packings of Non-Spherical Shapes / Maria Margarethe Dostert ; Gutachter: Frank Vallentin, Peter Littelmann." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138027243/34.

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24

Hopp, Margarete [Verfasser]. "Sterben, Tod und Trauer im Bilderbuch seit 1945 / Margarete Hopp." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080460276/34.

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Erasmus, Margaretha. "Pre-sentence assessment of sexual offenders for correctional supervision / Margaretha Erasmus." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/574.

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26

Mellenthin, Marina Verfasser], Margarete [Akademischer Betreuer] Baier, and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] [Simon. "Identification and characterization of light-responsive cis-acting elements in nuclear promoters of Arabidopsis thaliana / Marina Mellenthin. Gutachter: Margarete Baier ; Rüdiger Simon. Betreuer: Margarete Baier." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024161072/34.

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Mellenthin, Marina [Verfasser], Margarete Akademischer Betreuer] Baier, and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] [Simon. "Identification and characterization of light-responsive cis-acting elements in nuclear promoters of Arabidopsis thaliana / Marina Mellenthin. Gutachter: Margarete Baier ; Rüdiger Simon. Betreuer: Margarete Baier." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024161072/34.

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28

Templin, Anja Margarethe [Verfasser]. "Prospektive Analyse von Leukozyten Subpopulationen bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf primäre Autoimmunneutropenie / Anja Margarethe Templin." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209140551/34.

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29

Berens, Aloysia Romaine. "Jean Perreals Beitrag zur fürstlichen Memoria in Brou Stiftung und Grablege der Margarethe von Österreich /." Bern : Selbstverl, 2006. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Templin, Anja [Verfasser]. "Prospektive Analyse von Leukozyten Subpopulationen bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf primäre Autoimmunneutropenie / Anja Margarethe Templin." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209140551/34.

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31

Hinsche, Oliver [Verfasser], Carsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Gründker, Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Binder, and Margarete [Akademischer Betreuer] Schön. "Einfluss von ERß-Agonisten auf Wachstum und Invasion von triple-negativen Mammakarzinomzellen / Oliver Hinsche. Betreuer: Carsten Gründker. Gutachter: Carsten Gründker ; Claudia Binder ; Margarete Schön ; Margarete Schön." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078774218/34.

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32

Klappheck, Elisa [Verfasser]. "Margarete Susman und ihr jüdischer Beitrag zur politischen Philosophie / Elisa Klappheck." Flensburg : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Flensburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/103115809X/34.

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33

Böhmer, Merle Margarete [Verfasser]. "Impfquoten, Impfverhalten und Impfakzeptanz bei Erwachsenen in Deutschland / Merle Margarete Böhmer." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043196951/34.

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Fritz, Margaretha Johanna. "Die representasie van omstrede kwessies in kontemporêre Afrikaanse jeugverhale / Margaretha Johanna Fritz." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1465.

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There are certain issues - such as violence, sexuality, politics and religion - which are problematic but have to be dealt with in society. In this dissertation types of controversial issues present in recent Afrikaans youth literature, the portrayal of those issues, and the ways in which solutions are offered for these issues are investigated. The argument follows from the assumption that the literature which the adolescent reads, has a directive value. Quite often the reader will choose to read material about a certain situation with which the reader is also faced in real life. It may be easy for the reader to identify with a character in similar circumstances or facing the same dilemma. Through the actions of the character, the reader can then explore certain avenues or possibilities which have the potential to be helpful in the solution of the problem or issue. For this dissertation research was done about certain controversial issues and related aspects in literature in general, which are then applied to three youth novels: Skilpoppe (1998) by Barrie Hough, Daar's vis in die punch (2002) by Jackie Nagtegaal and Nie vir kinders nie (2005) by Francois Bloemhof. These three texts were chosen because all three of them have generated public discussion, specifically in the media, about the presence of controversial issues. The results indicate the portrayal of the controversial issues to be unbiased and from a non-judgemental authoring perspective. The presence of the text internal corrective, which refers to the portrayal of a certain issue thereby giving it an outcome (positive or negative) or an alternative, is noticeable and is discussed in this dissertation.
Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

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35

Ellsperger, Regina Margarethe [Verfasser]. "Zum Verhältnis von unmittelbarer und mittelbarer Stellvertretung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schlossmann'schen Vertretungslehre / Regina Margarethe Ellsperger." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1090773994/34.

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36

Wiberg, Caroline. "Cross Border Inheritances and European Community Law : Juridical double taxation of inheritances and the free movement of capital." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11110.

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Double taxation is known as restricting the free flow of capital and accordingly results in a limited access of the internal market. Although, not many Member States have entered into double taxation conventions in order to avoid juridical double taxation of inheritances. The question then arises whether this failure to eliminate juridical double taxation is restricting the free movement of capital. The ECJ‟s case law regarding inheritance taxes are very varying. In its initial case law, the ECJ stated that national measures which reduce the value of the inheritance are in breach of EC law. Even measures which could restrict investors in one Member State from investing in other Member States are considered to be a breach of EC law. The ECJ also stated that discriminating situations could not be justified with the argument that these situations arise due to the co-existence of national tax systems. Given these facts, it seems like juridical double taxation is likely to constitute a breach of EC law. The ECJ has however only concentrated on which effect the national provisions in a single Member State may have and have not given concern to which effect these provisions may have in connection with the tax provisions in other Member States. The author believes that the Court takes this approach because of a respect of the Member States fiscal sovereignty.

This respect also shows in the Block case. In this case the ECJ made it clear that juridical double taxation, caused by the co-existence of national tax systems, is not considered to be a breach of EC law. The ECJ also stated that when the Member States develops their tax systems, due to the lack of harmonised Community rules regarding direct taxation, they are not obliged to adapt to the tax systems of other Member States in order to avoid double taxation. The ECJ also made it clear that the citizens are not guaranteed a neutral tax situation when transferring their place of residence. In this thesis a comparison has also been made to judgements where the ECJ considers economic double taxation to be a breach of EC law. After studying all these cases it seems like the ECJ considers juridical double taxation to be an undesirable restriction of the free flow of capital. But even though the ECJ encourages the Member States to enter into double taxation conventions, there are no consequences when the Member States fail to do this. The difference between cases regarding economic double taxation and juridical double taxation could be that the ECJ considers it to be too far reaching to judge juridical double taxation as a breach of EC law and do not want to regulate how this restriction shall be avoided and thereby take the role of the Community legislator or breach the fiscal sovereignty of the Member States. The author believes that it would be more beneficial for the internal market if juridical double taxation was avoided and that it would not be harmful if the ECJ would give the Member States some incentives for entering into double taxation conventions in order to eliminate or alleviate situations where juridical double taxation occurs.

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37

Silva, Marilda de Santana. "As donas e as vozes: uma interpretação sociológica do sucesso das estrelas- intérpretes no carnaval de Salvador." Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Sociais da UFBA, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10511.

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373f.
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Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-08T11:45:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Marilda Silvaseg.pdf: 3613601 bytes, checksum: 2edb2fef1655813abe499c509920a048 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-08T11:45:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Marilda Silvaseg.pdf: 3613601 bytes, checksum: 2edb2fef1655813abe499c509920a048 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Este estudo trata das estrelas da axé music, da música do Carnaval de Salvador. Investiga-se a participação dessas estrelas-intérpretes na construção de um tipo de representação da sociedade baiana, entendendo aí como Bahia a capital e seu Recôncavo. Esta versão, que alcançou visibilidade nas últimas décadas, vem sendo chamada, tanto na mídia como no próprio campo acadêmico, de baianidade. Toma-se como origem da participação destacada dessas artistas na cena do Carnaval a tradição construída em torno do tipo a baiana, que se pode observar desde o século XIX na literatura escrita no Rio de Janeiro e principalmente no teatro de revista e no cinema do século XX. A pesquisa ressalta a participação especial destas artistas no Carnaval e traça a continuidade entre aquele período e o atual. A metodologia se constrói no diálogo com diversos autores, a maioria deles ligados aos Estudos Culturais. Entretanto, a inspiração mais vigorosa corresponde à obra de Edgard Morin, sobretudo o seu conceito de estrela. No âmbito da cidade do Salvador – mais particularmente, do seu Carnaval –, a partir da segunda metade da década de 1980, constitui-se num novo modelo de organização das práticas artísticas, contribuindo para uma nova configuração da indústria da música e do Carnaval e oportunizando o aparecimento da intérprete/estrela neste ambiente. Esta nova configuração se verifica em três perfis: Daniela Mercury, Margareth Menezes e Ivete Sangalo. Analisa-se pormenorizadamente a trajetória de cada uma destas estrelasintérpretes, no sentido de identificar os elementos constitutivos do seu êxito. Fundamentalmente, trata-se da capacidade de estabelecer-se enquanto autoras e gestoras de suas carreiras.
Salvador

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Lukosz, Margarete [Verfasser]. "Grainyhead like 3 (GRHL3) - ein neuer zetraler Regulator der Endothelzellmigration / Margarete Lukosz." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015434339/34.

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Überfuhr, Margarete [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Drexl. "Mammalian inner ear homeostasis : out of balance? / Margarete Überfuhr ; Betreuer: Markus Drexl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198112336/34.

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Theilig, Carola Margarete [Verfasser]. "Die Genauigkeit und Sicherheit der perkutanen fluoroskopisch gesteuerten Spondylodese / Carola Margarete Theilig." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065731701/34.

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Heinze, Margarete [Verfasser]. "Vestibuläre Migräne und Morbus Menière: Video-Kopfimpulstest und kalorische Testung / Margarete Heinze." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1082237183/34.

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Marsilius, Margarete Mie [Verfasser], Torsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Granzow, and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Donner. "Schaltverhalten ferroelektrisch-ferroelastischer Materialien / Margarete Mie Marsilius. Betreuer: Torsten Granzow ; Wolfgang Donner." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1105562662/34.

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Korsch, Margarethe [Verfasser], Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Herrmann, and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Fahle. "Interference control in healthy and pathological ageing / Margarethe Korsch. Gutachter: Manfred Herrmann ; Manfred Fahle. Betreuer: Manfred Herrmann." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107230421X/34.

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Przewoznik, Margarethe [Verfasser], and Ralph [Akademischer Betreuer] Mocikat. "Phänotypische und funktionelle Charakterisierung von natürlichen Killerzellen in einem murinen Spontan-Tumormodell / Margarethe Przewoznik. Betreuer: Ralph Mocikat." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1023660741/34.

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Riplinger, Selina Margaretha [Verfasser], and Manfred J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmitt. "Phosphoryliertes L-Plastin verstärkt die Tumorzellmetastasierung / Selina Margaretha Riplinger. Betreuer: Manfred J. Schmitt." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2012. http://d-nb.info/106313479X/34.

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Kilian, Johanna Margaretha. "The effect of finite dose of ibuprofen on transdermal delivery / Johanna Margaretha Kilian." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8073.

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Transdermal drug delivery has the advantage over other routes of administration of avoiding the hepatic, first–pass metabolism that would result in better therapeutic efficacy, better patient medication compliance and reduced systemic side–effects (Kydoneieus & Berner, 1987:69). One disadvantage of this mode of drug delivery is the generally poor delivery of drugs through the skin. The intercellular lipid structure of the stratum corneum causes this membrane to be an excellent penetration barrier, which must be breached to enhance drug penetration through the skin. Factors influencing the drug–skin distribution include the physicochemical properties of the drug, the choice of the delivery vehicle and the drug application mode (finite and infinite dose) being used (Chen et al., 2011:224). The permeability of the skin is thus influenced by the physicochemical properties of both the permeant and the penetration enhancer (Dias et al., 2007:65). One way of overcoming this barrier function of the skin is to include penetration enhancer chemicals in the topical application. Such penetration enhancers partition into the stratum corneum and interact with the intercellular lipids, causing a temporary and reversible decrease in this barrier function. With the skin barrier function being reduced, drug transport through the skin increases (Magnusson et al., 2001:206). When a drug or the penetration enhancer vehicle does not have the ideal physicochemical properties, penetration through the skin is difficult and manipulation of the drug or the vehicle is necessary. By manipulating their physicochemical properties, or by making use of penetration enhancers, the transdermal absorption through the skin can be increased (Park et al., 2000:109). Chemical penetration enhancers use different mechanisms of action to increase permeation across the skin (Moser et al., 2001:110). When chemical enhancers are used in combination, a synergistic action between these enhancers offers a method of overcoming limitations being experienced when single chemical enhancers are used in improving transdermal drug delivery (Williams & Barry, 2004:604). As mentioned, both the choice of vehicle and the physicochemical properties of the permeant and vehicle should be considered during drug skin distribution studies, as well as the mode of application (finite or infinite dose). When consumers use commercial formulations to treat topical skin conditions, the vehicles applied are in varying doses lower than 30 mg/cm2, depending on the application. In clinical situations, the formulation being applied depends on the body surface area being treated, i.e. the larger the surface area, the lower the amount of vehicle applied. When a cold sore is treated, for example, an average amount of 20 mg/cm2 of the vehicle is applied to the infected area, with the treated surface area generally being very small (Trottet et al., 2004:214). When sunscreens are applied to the skin, a very large surface area is treated and an average amount of only 0.5 mg/cm2 is applied (Azurdia et al., 1999:255; Bech & Wulf, 1992:242). It is thus clear that the transdermal absorption of an active compound depends on the concentration being applied and the surface area treated. Considering the above parameters is thus of high significance when in vitro transdermal diffusion tests are performed. Risk assessment studies comprise another important area in which clinical relevant dose plays a significant role when data on transdermal absorption of a substance is produced. During in vitro diffusion studies to determine the permeability profile of an active compound, an “infinite dose(s)” (> 150 ul) of the vehicle is applied to the membrane. One shortcoming of the infinite dose application is that in some instances it may fail to imitate the levels of active compound being applied to the skin when commercial formulations are applied. It may also fail to imitate exposure levels to toxic chemicals. Results from in vitro studies would differ from those obtained during in vivo studies, if the clinically applied concentrations are not taken into account. The aims of this study were to determine the penetration enhancement effects of different penetration enhancer vehicles on the permeation of lipophilic ibuprofen through synthetic Carbosil® membrane, when used individually and in multi–component solvent mixtures, as well as to determine the effects of finite (< 150 ul) dose applications of these enhancers on the delivery of ibuprofen. In order to achieve the aims of this study, the objectives were to determine the permeation of lipophilic ibuprofen through Carbosil® membrane by using: u Water and propylene glycol as penetration enhancer vehicles in combinations of 0/100 (v/v), 20/80 (v/v), 50/50 (v/v), 80/20 (v/v) and 100/0 (v/v); Mineral oil and Miglyol® as penetration enhancer vehicles in combinations of 0/100 (v/v), 20/80 (v/v), 50/50 (v/v), 80/20 (v/v) and 100/0 (v/v); and ; These penetration enhancer vehicles individually and in multi–component mixtures at different finite and infinite volumes, i.e. 2 ul, 5 ul, 10 ul, 20 ul, 50 ul, 150 ul, 250 ul, 500 ul and 1,000 ul; and to determine Which of the single or multi–component penetration enhancer vehicles would show the best transdermal delivery enhancement effect. The solvents used all have different mechanisms of action by which they enhance penetration of drugs through skin. By using these solvents in combination, the expectation was that they would have a synergistic effect that would be higher than the penetration enhancement effect achieved with each individual solvent (Williams & Barry, 2004:604). The outcomes of this study were as follows: The results for infinite dose applications of water and propylene glycol clearly showed that the best penetration enhancement of ibuprofen was achieved with 100% propylene glycol as the delivery vehicle. Contrary, water showed very little penetration enhancement properties for this drug. Results from this study also showed that the penetration enhancement effect of propylene glycol increased as the percentage of the propylene glycol in the solvent vehicle increase. This could have been as a result of the mechanism of action of propylene glycol to partition into the membrane and to increase the solubility of the permeant in and diffusion through the membrane (Squillante et al., 1998:266). Chen et al. (2011:224) suggest that the higher the applied volume, the larger the surface area being covered by the vehicle and the thicker the layer of the vehicle solvent on the surface of the membrane, which would result in an increase in the hydration of the membrane, which in turn would increase the permeability of the membrane for the drug. Application of finite doses of the single penetration enhancer solvent, propylene glycol, achieved the highest penetration enhancement effect, with the ibuprofen concentration of diffused ibuprofen being the highest with this solvent. The concentration of diffused ibuprofen that had been delivered from application of a finite dose of the water delivery vehicle could not be measured, due to the lipophilic nature of ibuprofen (log Po/w of 3.6) (Beetge et al., 2000:164) and the low solubility of ibuprofen in water, resulting in permeation concentrations that were immeasurable. Results for the infinite dose applications of the lipophilic, single phase solvents of 100% mineral oil and 100% Miglyol®, showed the lowest penetration enhancement effects, compared to all multi–component combinations of these two enhancer vehicles. Multi–component mixtures of these solvents also showed very similar permeation profiles for ibuprofen. This could have been as a result of synergistic action between the two penetration enhancer solvents if used in combination. According to Moser et al. (2001:106), Miglyol® is known to modify the intercellular lipids of the stratum corneum, causing disruption of the barrier properties thereof and hence an increase in diffusivity through the membrane. Since Carbosil® membrane and human epidermis share a common solubility–diffusion mechanism of drug transport, it can be hypothesised that the Miglyol® would change the polar structure of the membrane and as a result enhance the permeability of substances through the membrane. Mineral oil is a lipophilic solvent and while Miglyol® modifies the heteropolar structure of the membrane to make it more viable to penetration, mineral oil would carry the active to the lipophilic section of the membrane and as a result enhance the permeation of the lipophilic drug, ibuprofen (Hori et al., 1991:33). Results for finite dose applications of these solvents clearly showed that the 20/80 (v/v) mineral oil/Miglyol® combination achieved the best penetration enhancement effect for ibuprofen, compared to all other mineral oil and Miglyol® solvents, individually and in combination. Solvents and solvent mixtures containing 100% Miglyol®, 50/50 (v/v) and 80/20 (v/v) mineral oil/Miglyol® all showed similar penetration enhancement effects with finite dose applications. With solvent type permeant preparations applied to a membrane, three types of penetration influencing parameters should be taken into account, i.e. (a) thermodynamic effects resulting from different permeant solubilities in the different vehicles, (b) penetration enhancing effects between the vehicle and the membrane, (c) permeant depletion in the vehicle in the case of finite dose conditions. The extent of permeant depletion in the vehicle depends on the thickness of the applied solvent layer on the surface of the membrane (Leopold, 1998:167). The results from this study confirmed the observations by Williams and Barry (2004:605) that: 1. Penetration enhancer properties appear to be drug specific (permeants with similar physico–chemical properties). 2. Penetration enhancers tend to work well with co–solvents, such as propylene glycol. 3. Most penetration enhancers have a complex concentration dependent effect. 4. Potential mechanisms of action of penetration enhancer solvents are different and can range from direct effects on the skin to modification of the formulation. The outcomes of this study showed that increased levels of a penetration enhancer solvent, like propylene glycol in the delivery vehicle, not only increases the penetration of the active through the membrane, but it also improves penetration of the active through the membrane from finite dose applications. The permeation profiles of the lipophilic, single phase mineral oil and Miglyol®, and combinations thereof, showed that permeation of the lipophilic ibuprofen was higher with small application volumes of these delivery vehicles. Chen et al. (2011:224) report that with an infinite dose application, the donor compartment is filled with a thick liquid layer covering the surface of the membrane, having a height of 1.6 mm, while the finite dose application forms only a thin layer of 0.1 mm. As a result, the hydration levels of the membrane are higher with infinite dose applications, which facilitate higher permeability of the membrane (Chen et al., 2011:224). Increased membrane hydration appears to increase the diffusion of both hydrophilic and low lipophilic compounds, due to the partitioning of the active into the membrane (Williams & Barry, 2004:605). This hydration effect on the membrane makes penetration of hydrophilic mpounds through the membrane easier, whilst making it more difficult for strongly lipophilic compounds (log P >2) to partition into the hydrated membrane (Zhang et al., 2010:895). Ibuprofen is a strongly lipophilic drug (log P = 3.6) (Beetge et al., 2000:164), hence the lower permeation results for infinite dose applications. Except for mineral oil that showed higher permeation levels with larger volumes, as a result of the lipophilic nature of both mineral oil and ibuprofen, the permeability of the lipophilic active increased as the membrane became more hydrated with the lipophilic solvent when larger volumes were applied. From the findings in this study it has become evident that: * The lipophilic/hydrophilic nature of the solvent and the permeant play a significant role in the absorption of a permeant through the membrane. This is an important factor in risk assessment studies, especially; * If the membrane is hydrated with a lipophilic delivery vehicle while carrying a lipophilic toxic permeant, the effect may be more harmful at lower levels of exposure; Lipophilic ibuprofen showed higher permeation levels with small application volumes of Miglyol® and of lipophilic mineral oil/Miglyol® combination delivery vehicles. * When a lipophilic toxic permeant comes in contact with a hydrophilic delivery vehicle, like propylene glycol and water, the effect may not be as significant even with high levels of exposure; and * The nature of the delivery vehicle and the permeant, as well as the level of exposure or application, play enormous roles in the prediction of permeant absorption through Carbosil® membrane or the skin.
Thesis (PhD (Pharmaceutics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

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Van, der Vyver Margaretha Jacoba. "Derrivative misconduct as a ground for dismissal / Margaretha Jacoba (Retha) van der Vyver." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1174.

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In die Chauke & others v Lee Service Centre t/a Leeson Motors saak is al die personeel van die werkgewer ontslaan, alhoewel die werkgewer nie die skuldige kon identifiseer nie. Die vraag hier teenwoordig was: kan die werkgewer al die personeel ontslaan, omrede die werknermers nie die werkgewer met inligting wou voorsien om hom te help met die opsporing van die skuldige nie? Is dit regverdig om 'n werknemer te ontslaan as hy of sy nie die primêre wangedrag gepleeg het nie en op watter gronde kan hierdie ontslag gemotiveer word? Wat dit dus op neerkom is, kan die werkgewer sy werknemers ontslaan as gevolg van afgeleide wangedrag? En wat vorm hierdie regsgronde vir ontslag? Die skripsie kyk veral na die vertrouensverhouding wat daar tussen 'n werkgewer en werknemer is, en hoe afgeleide wangedrag hierdie vertroue kan verbreek. En wat dit dan vir die werkgewer en sy onderneming beteken in die lig van dat die werkgewer nie met oneerlike en onbetroubare werknemers wil werk nie. Daar word gekyk na wat wangedrag behels en wanneer is 'n werknemer skuldig daaraan. Asook wat dit vir die werkgewer beteken as daar 'n werknemer(s) skuldig is aan wangedrag en die skuldige(s) nie geïdentifiseer kan word nie. Daar is drie soorte konsepte wat vroeër gebruik is om hierdie wangedrag te definieer, naamlik: "the concept of collective misconduct, common purpose and collective guilt". Toe kom Grogan met die nuwe konsep van afgeleide wangedrag. Daar is verder gekyk na die ooreenkomste tussen die strafreg en die arbeidsreg, en die gevolgtrekking wat gemaak is, is dat afgeleide wangedrag baie nou ooreenstem met die van 'n medepligtige, maar nog meer in lyn is met die van begunstiging. Verder is daar gekyk na die delikte reg, om te bepaal of die werknemer vir 'n delik aanspreeklik gehou kan word. En wat is die sanksies wat daar bestaan en of dit nie ook in die arbeidsreg toegepas kan word nie. Daar is ook gekyk na die geval van aahoudende diefstal, byvoorbeeld voorraad wat konstant verminder, en hoe die werkgewer te werk moet gaan om hierdie probleem om te los. Die Engelse reg het nogal heelwat te s6 oor die onderwerp van afgeleide wangedrag. Hulle maak gebruik van 'n ondersoekproses, wat die werkgewer dan bystaan met die probleem van afgeleide wangedrag. Hierdie proses sal ook baie goed werk in ons regsisteem, dit stem ook saam met ons bepalings van die Grondwet. My gevolgtrekking is dat Suid- Afrika gebruik moet maak van die proses om afgeleide wangedrag te stop.
Thesis (LL.M.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

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Engel, Friederike Lena Margarethe [Verfasser]. "Amenorrhoeraten und klimakterische Beschwerden nach anthrazyklinhaltiger vs. anthrazyklin- und taxanhaltiger Chemotherapie beim prämenopausalen Mammakarzinom / Friederike Lena Margarethe Engel." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053357494/34.

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Nesselrode, Leonie von. "Die Chorfenster von Ehrenstein : Bertram von Nesselrode und Margarethe von Burscheid - Stifter an der Schwelle zur Frühen Neuzeit /." Köln : Böhlau, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783412202354.

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Zeuner, Julia [Verfasser], Alexander [Gutachter] Szameit, Fedor Manuel [Gutachter] Mitschke, and Robert [Gutachter] Thomson. "Complex edge states in tailored photonic graphene / Julia Margarethe Zeuner ; Gutachter: Alexander Szameit, Fedor Manuel Mitschke, Robert Thomson." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1177600102/34.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Margarethen'

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