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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Margi language

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Academic literature on the topic 'Margi language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Margi language"

1

Tranel, Bernard. "Tone Sandhi and vowel deletion in Margi." Studies in African Linguistics 23, no. 2 (June 15, 1993): 111–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v23i2.107415.

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Within the theoretical framework of nonlinear phonology, this paper proposes an account of tone sandhi and vowel deletion in Margi, a Chadic language spoken in Northern Nigeria. The database is Hoffman's Grammar of the Margi Language. Language-specific tonal processes in Margi are shown to originate in tone trapping, i.e., the impossibility for a tone to anchor to a skeletal slot by a universal mechanism. The paper identifies the circumstances leading to tone trapping (e.g., Vowel Elision) and formalizes the various tone-rescue processes available both word-internally and across words. Whereas trapped high tones are always saved (either taking over low-tone vowel positions or giving rise to contour tones), trapped low tones may remain trapped throughout a derivation and thus receive no phonetic realization (by universal convention).

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Demolin, Didier, and Bernard Teston. "Labiodental Flaps in Mangbetu." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 26, no. 2 (December 1996): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300006149.

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Labiodental flaps exist in several African languages, and were first described by Doke (1931) in a study of Shona. Westermann and Ward (1933: 76) quote data from Tucker, who notes labiodental flaps in Kreish, a Central Sudanic language of the Sara-Bongo-Baguirmi group. In the same group of languages, Thomas (1981: 262) claims to find them in Bongo-Gberi and in Binga-Kara. Thomas defines these sounds as “vibrantes labiodentales” (see also Caprile 1981: 238). Hoffman (1963) and Ladefoged (1964) both identify these sounds in Margi. Cloarec-Heiss (1981: 225) reports such sounds in Banda, but describes them as “labiodentales lâches”, transcribed [ǔ]. Maddieson (1984) quotes two sounds of this type in the UPSID data base, one in Margi and the other in Gbeya.

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Mansfield, John Basil. "Consonant lenition as a sociophonetic variable in Murrinh Patha (Australia)." Language Variation and Change 27, no. 2 (June 8, 2015): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394515000046.

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AbstractIn recent years, the typological and geographic range of languages subjected to sociophonetic study has been expanding, though until now Australian Aboriginal languages have been absent from this subdiscipline. This first sociophonetic study of an Australian language, Murrinh Patha, shows a type of consonant lenition that is notably distinct from the better known examples in Standard Average European languages, effecting /p/ and /k/ primarily in the onset of stressed, usually word-initial syllables. Young men lenite more frequently than older men do, and paternal heritage from the neighboring Marri language group also predicts more frequent lenition. The latter influence may be the result of intense language contact brought about by recent settlement of diverse language groups at the Catholic Mission of Port Keats.

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Bari, M. Saiful, Shafiq Joty, and Prathyusha Jwalapuram. "Zero-Resource Cross-Lingual Named Entity Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 05 (April 3, 2020): 7415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i05.6237.

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Recently, neural methods have achieved state-of-the-art (SOTA) results in Named Entity Recognition (NER) tasks for many languages without the need for manually crafted features. However, these models still require manually annotated training data, which is not available for many languages. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised cross-lingual NER model that can transfer NER knowledge from one language to another in a completely unsupervised way without relying on any bilingual dictionary or parallel data. Our model achieves this through word-level adversarial learning and augmented fine-tuning with parameter sharing and feature augmentation. Experiments on five different languages demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, outperforming existing models by a good margin and setting a new SOTA for each language pair.

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Lüpke, Friederike. "At the Margin - African Endangered Languages in the Context of Global Endangerment Discourses." African Research & Documentation 109 (2009): 15–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00016472.

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According to estimates, Africa hosts about 2,000 of the approximately 6,000 languages of the world. This number makes the continent one of the hotspots of linguistic diversity. Essential description (i.e. grammars, dictionaries) and documentation (i.e. audio and video speech data and their annotations) is not even available for some of the largest among them. The overwhelming majority of African languages, irrespective of their endangerment status, have received only very little or no linguistic attention to date, despite the fact that many of them are spoken by millions as a first or second language. In addition, a large number of African languages are spoken by small-scale rural communities and can be classified as endangered on diverse grounds, ranging from displacement due to wars or climate change to rural exodus for socioeconomic reasons.

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Pamir, Ehsanullah. "Pamir languages (پامیري ژبې)." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Configuration 2, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52984/ijomrc2210.

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While Bactrian and Persic languages differ in terms of knowledge based on historical, geographical, and comparative-historical linguistics, Pamir languages occupy a prominent position among Bactrian languages. Pamir languages are known to have originated in the mountainous region of Aryan land. Since then, these languages have prospered in this area and come to maintain their stronghold in Pamir and its immediate vicinity. In terms of linguistic relationship and intercourse, the gathering of all Pamir languages in a single group is one expression. It is still unclear if all the Pamir languages originated from an ancient source and then branched out into different groups or were left untouched by the Aryan languages, with each one maintaining its stability as a separate branch. Margin Stern, a specialist in Pamir languages do not consider one center of origin for Pamir languages: He says, “Finding a single phonologic system for all Pamir languages is impossible since they have similarities only in a few phonetics characters”. Despite these similarities, sometimes they are separated and stacked with other languages such as Pashtu. Here, it is noteworthy to mention that it has been a long time since Mr. Margin Stern gave this idea and as such, this is not a recent theory. During those times, fewer studies on Pamir languages were carried out, and that too with poor materials. For instance, the Yazgolyami language was almost not investigated while phonological borders among Pamir languages were not identified and the specifically voiced items were not even differentiated. The later linguists and researchers collected many items and consequently, voice borders were selected. Such profound and in-depth studies and classification assure the researchers that these languages originated from one tree and later developed into different branches. Keywords: Pashtu, Pamir, Language

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7

Ambrozy, Marian. "Regarding the intersection of metaethics and applied ethics." XLinguae 13, no. 3 (June 2020): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2020.13.03.21.

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Pantcheva, Marina. "Directional expressions cross-linguistically: Nanosyntax and lexicalization." Nordlyd 36, no. 1 (January 11, 2010): pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/12.214.

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Markowski, Andrzej. "O języku dziennika Marii Dąbrowskiej." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 52, no. 1 (January 22, 2008): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2008.52.1.4.

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The article puts forwards the thesis that the language in most of Maria Dąbrowska’s diaries was a conscious creation on the part of the writer and was not the result of a spontaneous recording of events and the author’s experiences. It should also be assumed that Dąbrowska wrote the diaries with the view that they would later (probably posthumously) be published and that she consciously used that style and linguistic tricks. The diaries include not only the author’s narrative but also direct and indirect speech, as well as seemingly reported speech. One can only admire Dąbrowska’s mastery of language, whereby she was able to combine various linguistic and stylistic elements in order to create a cohesive whole in speciﬁc entries in the diaries. The article also shows the evolution of the style of Maria Dąbrowska’s diaries from the relatively unoriginal, youthful style of the diaries of the 1920s to the mature, original style of the diaries of the 1950s and 1960s. It also shows that the author – depending on the subject and its importance – used vocabularies for various registers of the Polish language: from academic and ofﬁcialese, through careful standard Polish (most frequently), to colloquial and even vulgar language. Some attention is paid to the author’s awareness of language, as well as her general attitude to both the language of her own works as well as to linguists. This article is only a preliminary study – the language of Maria Dąbrowska’s diaries deserves detailed study.

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Ahmad, Wasi Uddin, Nanyun Peng, and Kai-Wei Chang. "GATE: Graph Attention Transformer Encoder for Cross-lingual Relation and Event Extraction." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 14 (May 18, 2021): 12462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i14.17478.

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Recent progress in cross-lingual relation and event extraction use graph convolutional networks (GCNs) with universal dependency parses to learn language-agnostic sentence representations such that models trained on one language can be applied to other languages. However, GCNs struggle to model words with long-range dependencies or are not directly connected in the dependency tree. To address these challenges, we propose to utilize the self-attention mechanism where we explicitly fuse structural information to learn the dependencies between words with different syntactic distances. We introduce GATE, a Graph Attention Transformer Encoder, and test its cross-lingual transferability on relation and event extraction tasks. We perform experiments on the ACE05 dataset that includes three typologically different languages: English, Chinese, and Arabic. The evaluation results show that GATE outperforms three recently proposed methods by a large margin. Our detailed analysis reveals that due to the reliance on syntactic dependencies, GATE produces robust representations that facilitate transfer across languages.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Margi language"

1

Sassano, Manabu. "Practical Use of Large Margin Classifiers in Natural Language Processing." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/123820.

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Talbert, Sharyn. "The voices in the margin : Ohio State University Civil Service Employees with advanced degrees /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487940308433571.

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Gonzalez, Sara Marta. "Primitivismo y Modernidad en la Literatura Modernista Hispanoamericana." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3675.

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This dissertation explores the troubled relationship between Hispanic-American Modernism and modernity through the close study of a representative array of authors (José Martí, Rubén Darío, Enrique Gómez Carrillo, Augusto Dhalmar and Pedro Prado). My analysis departs from the revisionist theories of Angel Rama and Ivan A. Schulman, which changed the traditional views about the movement towards a more complete vision of its role as a literature that is highly subversive. During the XIX century, America experienced a vigorous cultural awakening unsupported by an incomplete modernization whose more fundamental principles are challenged by the systematic use of primitivism by these authors. I propose that by analyzing how primitivism is used as an essential tool for criticism, a deeper understanding of a highly codified literature and its importance as precursor of the Vanguard may be reached.

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Yildiz, Faruk. "Implementation of a human avatar for the MARG project in networked virtual environments." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FYildiz.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation (MOVES))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2004.
Thesis advisor(s): Xiaoping Yun. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62). Also available online.

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Coppola, Gregory Francis. "Iterative parameter mixing for distributed large-margin training of structured predictors for natural language processing." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10451.

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The development of distributed training strategies for statistical prediction functions is important for applications of machine learning, generally, and the development of distributed structured prediction training strategies is important for natural language processing (NLP), in particular. With ever-growing data sets this is, first, because, it is easier to increase computational capacity by adding more processor nodes than it is to increase the power of individual processor nodes, and, second, because data sets are often collected and stored in different locations. Iterative parameter mixing (IPM) is a distributed training strategy in which each node in a network of processors optimizes a regularized average loss objective on its own subset of the total available training data, making stochastic (per-example) updates to its own estimate of the optimal weight vector, and communicating with the other nodes by periodically averaging estimates of the optimal vector across the network. This algorithm has been contrasted with a close relative, called here the single-mixture optimization algorithm, in which each node stochastically optimizes an average loss objective on its own subset of the training data, operating in isolation until convergence, at which point the average of the independently created estimates is returned. Recent empirical results have suggested that this IPM strategy produces better models than the single-mixture algorithm, and the results of this thesis add to this picture. The contributions of this thesis are as follows. The first contribution is to produce and analyze an algorithm for decentralized stochastic optimization of regularized average loss objective functions. This algorithm, which we call the distributed regularized dual averaging algorithm, improves over prior work on distributed dual averaging by providing a simpler algorithm (used in the rest of the thesis), better convergence bounds for the case of regularized average loss functions, and certain technical results that are used in the sequel. The central contribution of this thesis is to give an optimization-theoretic justification for the IPM algorithm. While past work has focused primarily on its empirical test-time performance, we give a novel perspective on this algorithm by showing that, in the context of the distributed dual averaging algorithm, IPM constitutes a convergent optimization algorithm for arbitrary convex functions, while the single-mixture distribution algorithm is not. Experiments indeed confirm that the superior test-time performance of models trained using IPM, compared to single-mixture, correlates with better optimization of the objective value on the training set, a fact not previously reported. Furthermore, our analysis of general non-smooth functions justifies the use of distributed large-margin (support vector machine [SVM]) training of structured predictors, which we show yields better test performance than the IPM perceptron algorithm, the only version of the IPM to have previously been given a theoretical justification. Our results confirm that IPM training can reach the same level of test performance as a sequentially trained model and can reach better accuracies when one has a fixed budget of training time. Finally, we use the reduction in training time that distributed training allows to experiment with adding higher-order dependency features to a state-of-the-art phrase-structure parsing model. We demonstrate that adding these features improves out-of-domain parsing results of even the strongest phrase-structure parsing models, yielding a new state-of-the-art for the popular train-test pairs considered. In addition, we show that a feature-bagging strategy, in which component models are trained separately and later combined, is sometimes necessary to avoid feature under-training and get the best performance out of large feature sets.

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6

Andersson, Ebba Lovisa. "Kärlek – magi eller galenskap? : En kvalitativ undersökning av kärleksbegreppets dolda metaforik." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-140573.

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Johnson, Earl E., T. Ricketts, B. W. Y. Hornsby, and J. Federman. "Digital Feedback Suppression Systems in Commercial Hearing Aids: Assessments of Gain Margin and Sound Quality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1750.

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Olsson, Angelika. "Arundhati Roy : Reclaiming Voices on the Margin in The God of Small Things." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-8366.

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The aim of this essay is to critically consider Arundhati Roy’s novel The God of Small Things from a postcolonial feminist perspective, with a special focus on how she models different representations of women, taking as a background the discussions within postcolonial feminism about subalternity and the representations of women from the so-called Third World in theory and literature, as well as the concept of agency from Cultural Studies. This purpose is reached by studying and comparing three main female characters in the novel: Mammachi, Baby Kochamma and Ammu, centering on their different ways of relating to the male hero of the novel, Velutha, an Untouchable in the lingering caste system of India. The essay argues that Roy has contributed with diverse representations of subaltern women in the ‘Third World’ who—despite their oppressed and marginalized status—display agency and are portrayed as responsible for their own actions.

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Gordana, Todorić. "Поетика постмодернизмау драмама Александра Поповића(књижевни поступци, деконструкција темељних образаца, ново читање традиције)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=91728&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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U našem radu pokušaćemo da, na korpusu drama za odrasle, koje su u štampanom obliku dostupne javnosti, izdvajanjem samo nekih interpretativnih problema, ukažemo na ono za šta pretpostavljamo da je po-etička osnova Popovićevog rukopisa. Njihova priroda nametnula je aparaturu i strategije koje pripadaju postmodernizmu. To je stoga što i sam pisac, verujemo, jeste postmoderni pisac.Pre svega, Popovićev opus hronološki posmatrano, interferira s postmodernizmom u srpskoj književnosti, pa nas zanima priroda veze ove dve pojave. Takođe, u Popovićevom delu značajno je prisutna, prvenstveno jezička, građa preuzeta iz srpskog književnog nasleđa, te tradicionalne kulture, a upravo je odnos prema tradiciji jedno od relevantnih pitanja koje postmoderna postavlja. Slično se može reći i za problem književnog redefinisanje obrazaca kulture. Doslednim preoblikovanjem farse, temeljnim postupka prema žanru kojim se A. Popović služi, on je ne samo na tragu opštih književnih težnji dvadesetog veka, nego posebnim poetskim postupcima čini vidljivim one kulturne pojave koje su u vreme nastanka Popovićevog opusa bitno uticale na kulturnu matricu Srbije, ali i naznačile ono što će se u kulturi (pa tako i u književnosti) tek dogoditi.U hermetičnim tekstovima, dakle onima koje smo svrstali u drugu tendenciju Popovićevog opusa, predstavljanje značenja kao nepredstavljivog, realizovano je i kao igranje (jezičkih) igara, što je drugo ime za apofatičku misao koja, verujemo, prožima Popovićevo celokupno delo. Nihilizam neće završiti u samoubistvu nijednog njegovog lika (što bi predstavljalo tragičnu preteču postdramskog teatra u verziji Sare Kejn), nego u samožrtvovanju (u drami Afera Ljiljak i njenom negativu – Ružičastoj noći), svojevrsnoj razradi Popovićeve teme potrage, koja signalizira suštinsko nepristajanje na logos vidljive stvarnosti. On zna da je nasleđeni koncept o diskurzivnim hijerarhijama – obmana, ali nije napustio ideju potrage za aksisom.Time što problematizuje binom centar-margina, što dekonstruiše velike narative kulture uspostavljajući tako svojevrsni kontinuitet s nasleđem (i onim koje je ostalo skrajnuto), što ukida hijerarhije kulturnih kodova, što tematizacijom jezika diskutuje metafiziku prisustva i označiteljske prakse kulturnog kanona kojem pripada, Popović postavlja okvir za (re)konstrukciju poetičkih načela svog opusa. Konačno, tezom o apofatizmu, koja svoju paralelu ima u ruskom postmodernizmu, ma koliko na prvi pogled bila nespojiva s Popovićem i njegovim dramama, onakvim kako ga pamti ideološki opterećeno književnoj nasleđe, verujemo da odgovaramo na pitanje zašto Popović piše, tada i tako.
In our paper-work we shall try, concerning the corpus of dramas for adults, which are in printed forms available to the public, to point to what we assume is po-etic basis of Popovic's writings, by singling out certain interpretative problems. The nature of those works imposed apparatus and strategies that belong to the postmodernism. It is because the writer himself, as we belive, is postmodern writer.First of all, Popovic's oeuvre, chronologically speaking, interferes with postmodernism in Serbian literature and we are interested in the conection between these two phenomena. Also, in his literary work there is a significal presence of, primarly linguistic, material taken from Serbian literary heritage and traditional culture, and the relationship to the tradition is the one of the relevant questions that postmodernism raises. The same can be said about the problem of literary redefining cultural patterns. By consequent reshaping of farce genre аs the fundamental Popovic`s mood, he is not just on the trail of XXth centuryliterary aspiration, but through special poetic procedures he makes visible those cultural phenomena that had, at the time when Popovic`s oeuvre appeared, significant impact on cultural matrix of Serbia and indicate what in culture (incuding literature) will only happen in the future.In hermetic texts, those considered as the second tendency of Popovic`s oeuvre, representing void as unimaginable, implemented as a play (language) games, is another name for the apophatism, which, we believe, permeates entire Popovic`s oeuvre. Nihilism will not end up in suicide of any of his characters (which would be a tragic forerunner of postdramatic theater in Sarah Kane`s version) but in self-sacrificing (in drama Afera Ljiljak and its opposite – Ružičasta noć), a kind of working out of Popovic`s theme – quest, which signals a fundamental refusa of visible reality. He knows that inherited concept of discursive hierarchies is deception but he did not abandon the idea of searching for Axis.By problematizing binary opposition center – margine, by deconstruction of the grand narratives of culture which means establishing specific kind of continuity with legacy (even with those remained sidelined), by terminating the hierarchy of cultural codes, by discussing the metaphysics of presence and practice of signification to which he belongs (by focussing language), Popovic sets the framework for (re)construction оf poetic principles of his ouvre.Finally, through the thesis on apophatism which has its parallel in Russian postmodenism, although, at first glance, that thesis is incompatible with Popovic and his dramas, as it is remembered by ideologically laden literary legacy, we believe that we have answered the question why Popovic has been writing, then and so.

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Mok, Nelly. "L'écriture de la marge dans le récit autobiographique sino-américain féminin au XXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://hal.science/tel-04218363v1.

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L’expression de la marginalité en tant que condition et expérience socio-politique, culturelle, ontologique et artistique sera explorée à travers cinq récits autobiographiques féminins sino-américains, écrits et publiés au cours du XXème siècle. Par leurs positionnements respectifs vis-à-vis du discours politique et littéraire dominant sur l’identité américaine, ces œuvres reflètent le cheminement de la littérature asiatique américaine, depuis l’émergence des premières productions en anglais d’écrivains chinois à la fin du XIXème siècle, jusqu’à son évolution actuelle, en passant par sa période d’éclosion et de maturation, entre les années 1970 et les années 1990, dans une Amérique alors de plus en plus consciente de la nature composite de son tissu socio-culturel. Confrontées à une représentation et à une rhétorique dominantes « centralisatrices », enjoignant les minorités ethniques à l’assimilation, les auteures, prises entre deux territoires et deux cultures, s’interrogent sur le sentiment d’appartenance, qu’elles hésitent à définir par sa fixité ou par sa mobilité géographique, par son ancrage dans un sol et une culture uniques ou par sa capacité à se renouveler. La conception de la frontière (ethnique, culturelle, territoriale, nationale, genrée et générique) comme délimitation catégorielle étanche se laisse alors consolider ou ébranler, voire révoquer au fil des textes analysés. Ainsi, les écrivaines conçoivent leurs récits comme un espace de souscription à ou de contestation des cadres narratifs et esthétiques du genre de l’autobiographie ethnique (immigrante), auquel la littérature ethnique se trouve reléguée par le lectorat euro-américain, ainsi que des conditions de leur inclusion dans le canon littéraire américain
Five autobiographies/autobiographical novels, written and published by Chinese American women writers in the twentieth century, provide the basis for an exploration of the ways in which marginality has been dealt with in Chinese (/Asian) American literature as a sociopolitical, cultural, ontological and artistic condition and experience. Through their relationships with the dominant political and literary discourse on American identity, these narratives mirror the course of Asian American literature, from the emergence of the first publications in English by writers of Chinese ancestry at the end of the nineteenth century to the current phase of this form of literary expression, originating in the 1970s and developing through the 1990s towards the modern day as American society acquired a multi-ethnic consciousness. Confronted with the “centralizing” dominant injunction of assimilation imposed on minorities, these women writers, whose lives, memories and experience bear the imprint of two territories and two cultures, question the sense of belonging, locating it either in geographical fixity or mobility, and associating it with the question of putting down roots, while still acknowledging its ability to re-emerge and thrive beyond the boundaries of national delineation. Within this perspective, borders – defined by ethnicity, culture, geographical location, nationality, gender and genre – are seen as boundaries imposing categories, which are in turn either reinforced or invalidated in the texts explored here. The women writers use their works as a space in which to express their approval or contestation of the narrative and aesthetic frames into which ethnic literature has been confined by the Euro-American readership, frames which characterize ethnic (immigrant) autobiography, and of the conditions determining the integration of their works into the American literary canon

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Books on the topic "Margi language"

1

Alexandre, Dumas. Koroleva Margo. Kishinev: Izd-vo "INKONKOM", 1992.

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Gleiter, Jan. Jose Marti. Milwaukee: Raintree Publishers, 1989.

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Isanbaev, Nikolaĭ Isanbaevich. Mariĭsko-ti︠u︡rkskie i︠a︡zykovye kontakty. Ĭoshkar-Ola: Mariĭskoe knizhnoe izd-vo, 1989.

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Dłuska, Maria. Prace wybrane Marii Dłuskiej. Kraków: Universitas, 2001.

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Tkachenko, O. B. Meri︠a︡nskiĭ i︠a︡zyk. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1985.

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Claudii Marii Victorii Alethias concordantia. Hildesheim: Olms-Weidmann, 2001.

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Martina, Elice, ed. Marii Servii Honorati centimeter. Hildesheim: Weidmann, 2013.

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Margin/alias: Language and colonization in Canadian and Québécois fiction. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991.

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Anna, Duszak, and Okulska Urszula, eds. Speaking from the margin: Global English from a European perspective. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2004.

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A, Sepeev G., Galkin I. S, Popov N. S, and Mariĭskiĭ nauchno-issledovatelʹskiĭ institut i︠a︡zyka, literatury i istorii im. V.M. Vasilʹeva, eds. Finskie uchenye o i︠a︡zyke i kulʹture mariĭskogo naroda: Materialy nauchnoĭ konferent︠s︡ii. Ĭoshkar-Ola: Mariĭskiĭ naucho-issl. in-t i︠a︡zyka, lit-ry i istorii im. V.M. Vasilʹeva pri Pravitelʹtsve Respubliki Mari, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Margi language"

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Johnson, Michael L. "Correspondence, MARGIE, Concept." In Mind, Language, Machine, 123–30. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19404-9_21.

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Saarinen, Sirkka. "Negation in Mari." In Negation in Uralic Languages, 325–52. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.108.12saa.

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Aikio, Ante. "On the reconstruction of Proto-Mari vocalism." In Journal of Language Relationship, edited by Vladimir Dybo, Kirill Babaev, Anna Dybo, Alexei Kassian, Sergei Kullanda, and Ilya Yakubovich, 125–58. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463235956-012.

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Egendal, Helle. "Multilingual Autofiction: Mobilizing Language(s)?" In Palgrave Studies in Life Writing, 141–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78440-9_8.

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AbstractThis chapter argues that in postmigrant literature published since the 1990s, a new mode has emerged that traverses different countries and cultures: multilingual autofiction. The chapter explores the aesthetic scope and political potential of this autofictional mode for the negotiation of an author’s multilingual identities, with reference to case studies from Germany, Sweden, and Denmark: Feridun Zaimoğlu’s Kanak Sprak: 24 Misstöne vom Rande der Gesellschaft (Kanak Sprak: 24 Discordant Notes from the Margin of Society) (1995) Jonas Hassen Khemiri’s Ett öga rött (One Eye Red) (2005), and Yahya Hassan’s YahyaHassan (2013). It investigates the ways in which the flexibility that autofictional strategies afford is mobilized in these texts to penetrate political discourses on migration, transculturality, and racism.

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Saarinen, Sirkka. "Chapter 11. The Mari essive and its functional counterparts." In Typological Studies in Language, 261–81. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.119.11saa.

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Shen, Libin, and Aravind K. Joshi. "Flexible Margin Selection for Reranking with Full Pairwise Samples." In Natural Language Processing – IJCNLP 2004, 446–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30211-7_47.

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Beiler, Vincent D. "The Marginal nun/zayin." In Semitic Languages and Cultures, 75–114. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0330.03.

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In some early masoretic Bible codices, a large letter resembling nun or zayin occurs in the margin, often in conjunction with the marking of qere/ketiv. Occurring in some codices, but not in others, the letter represents a bit of a cipher. Drawing on a database of ca. 15,000 masora parva notes, taken from 81 different classmarks, I propose that the letter, possibly a zayin, had (or acquired) a practical purpose, viz. as a means of avoiding certain types of copyist mistakes when recording qere/ketiv notes. Because the sign occurs in certain script types more than others, I also show that the notation can function as something of a regional identifier.

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Kulesza, Joanna. "Free speech, artistic expression and blasphemy laws within the ECHR margin of appreciation." In Law, Language and the Courtroom, 160–72. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003153771-14.

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Theinová, Daniela. "Kinds of Between: The Margin as a Mainspring." In Limits and Languages in Contemporary Irish Women's Poetry, 163–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55954-0_6.

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Takamura, Hiroya, and Manabu Okumura. "A Comparative Study on the Use of Labeled and Unlabeled Data for Large Margin Classifiers." In Natural Language Processing – IJCNLP 2004, 456–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30211-7_48.

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Conference papers on the topic "Margi language"

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Huang, Jiaji, Yi Li, Wei Ping, and Liang Huang. "Large Margin Neural Language Model." In Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/d18-1150.

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Dyachkov, V. V., I. A. Khomchenkova, P. S. Pleshak, and N. M. Stoynova. "ANNOTATING AND EXPLORING CODE-SWITCHING IN FOUR CORPORA OF MINORITY LANGUAGES OF RUSSIA." In International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies "Dialogue". Russian State University for the Humanities, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2020-19-228-240.

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This paper describes code-switching with Russian in four spoken corpora of minority languages of Russia: two Uralic ones (Hill Mari and Moksha) and two Tungusic ones (Nanai and Ulch). All narrators are bilinguals, fluent both in the indigenous language (IL) and in Russian; all the corpora are comparable in size and genres (small field collections of spontaneous oral texts, produced under the instruction to speak IL); the languages are comparable in structural (dis)similarity with Russian. The only difference concerns language dominance and the degree of language shift across the communities. The aim of the paper is to capture how the degree of language shift influences the strategy of code-switching attested in each of the corpora using a minimal additional annotation of code-switching. We added to each corpus a uniform annotation of code-switching of two types: first, a simple semi-automatic word-by-word language annotation (IL vs. Russian), second, a manual annotation of structural code-switching types (for smaller sub-corpora). We compared several macro-parameters of code-switching by applying some existing simple measures of code-switching to the data of annotation 1. Then we compared the rates of different structural types of code-switching, basing on annotation 2. The results of the study, on the one hand, verify and enhance the existing generalizations on how language shift influences code-switching strategies, on the other hand, they show that even a very simple annotation of code-switching integrated to an existing field records collection appears to be very informative in code-switching studies.

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Guo, Yangyang, Liqiang Nie, Zhiyong Cheng, Feng Ji, Ji Zhang, and Alberto Del Bimbo. "AdaVQA: Overcoming Language Priors with Adapted Margin Cosine Loss." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/98.

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A number of studies point out that current Visual Question Answering (VQA) models are severely affected by the language prior problem, which refers to blindly making predictions based on the language shortcut. Some efforts have been devoted to overcoming this issue with delicate models. However, there is no research to address it from the view of the answer feature space learning, despite the fact that existing VQA methods all cast VQA as a classification task. Inspired by this, in this work, we attempt to tackle the language prior problem from the viewpoint of the feature space learning. An adapted margin cosine loss is designed to discriminate the frequent and the sparse answer feature space under each question type properly. In this way, the limited patterns within the language modality can be largely reduced to eliminate the language priors. We apply this loss function to several baseline models and evaluate its effectiveness on two VQA-CP benchmarks. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed adapted margin cosine loss can enhance the baseline models with an absolute performance gain of 15\% on average, strongly verifying the potential of tackling the language prior problem in VQA from the angle of the answer feature space learning.

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Yang, Yinfei, Gustavo Hernandez Abrego, Steve Yuan, Mandy Guo, Qinlan Shen, Daniel Cer, Yun-hsuan Sung, Brian Strope, and Ray Kurzweil. "Improving Multilingual Sentence Embedding using Bi-directional Dual Encoder with Additive Margin Softmax." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/746.

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In this paper, we present an approach to learn multilingual sentence embeddings using a bi-directional dual-encoder with additive margin softmax. The embeddings are able to achieve state-of-the-art results on the United Nations (UN) parallel corpus retrieval task. In all the languages tested, the system achieves P@1 of 86% or higher. We use pairs retrieved by our approach to train NMT models that achieve similar performance to models trained on gold pairs. We explore simple document-level embeddings constructed by averaging our sentence embeddings. On the UN document-level retrieval task, document embeddings achieve around 97% on P@1 for all experimented language pairs. Lastly, we evaluate the proposed model on the BUCC mining task. The learned embeddings with raw cosine similarity scores achieve competitive results compared to current state-of-the-art models, and with a second-stage scorer we achieve a new state-of-the-art level on this task.

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Wang, Jilin, Jiaji Huang, and Kenneth Ward Church. "Large Margin Training Improves Language Models for ASR." In ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414724.

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Rizvi, Nabah, Sebastian Gehrmann, and Franck Dernoncourt. "Margin Call: an Accessible Web-based Text Viewer with Generated Paragraph Summaries in the Margin." In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Natural Language Generation. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-8632.

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M. Krasnova, Nadezhda, and Galina A. Ertsikova. "HILL MARI CONSONANT SYSTEM IN THE LANGUAGE EDUCATION OF FUTURE LANGUAGE TEACHERS." In ADVED 2021- 7th International Conference on Advances in Education. International Organization Center of Academic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47696/adved.202137.

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Huo, Jingjing, Yingbo Gao, Weiyue Wang, Ralf Schlüter, and Hermann Ney. "Investigation of Large-Margin Softmax in Neural Language Modeling." In Interspeech 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2020-1849.

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Li, Zheng, Yan Liu, Lin Li, and Qingyang Hong. "Additive Phoneme-Aware Margin Softmax Loss for Language Recognition." In Interspeech 2021. ISCA: ISCA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2021-1167.

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Li, Lantian, Dong Wang, Chao Xing, and Thomas Fang Zheng. "Max-margin metric learning for speaker recognition." In 2016 10th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2016.7918380.

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