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Fitchett, Paul G., Tina L. Heafner, and Richard G. Lambert. "Examining Elementary Social Studies Marginalization." Educational Policy 28, no. 1 (July 19, 2012): 40–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0895904812453998.
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Hartblay, Cassandra. "After Marginalization." South Atlantic Quarterly 118, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 543–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-7616151.
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Contemporary social thought frequently posits sociopolitical exclusion as marginalization. This article argues that marginalization relies on a spatial metaphor that conceptualizes social exclusion as always already configured in relation to center and periphery. Suggesting that this reliance on marginalization as a way of understanding sociopolitical exclusion limits political thought, this article calls for a renewed attention to actual material configurations of social exclusion. Considering ethnographic research with adults with mobility and speech disabilities in Petrozavodsk, Russia, and representation of disability in contemporary Russian film, the concept of marginalization is demonstrated to be insufficient to analyze the actual spatial segregation of people with disabilities in contemporary Russia in the digital era. The spatial metaphor of marginalization fails to describe the way that interlocutors with mobility impairments are at once segregated and included in sociopolitical life in the digital era, when civic life unfolds in cyberspace. Drawing on ethnographic interviews and observation, this article proposes pixelization as a descriptor of the specific spatial pattern of sociopolitical exclusion of people with mobility and speech impairments in Petrozavodsk, characterized by material segregation in family apartments combined with intricate enabling connection to various publics via digital networks. Spatial metaphors for social difference matter for the kinds of alternate presents and futures that might be envisioned, challenging the presumption that ableism’s power comes from limiting political participation in public space defined by a liberal democratic agora.
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Cansu, Dayan. "Gender and women’s studies: Situated academic marginalization." Sociologija 60, no. 1 (2018): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1801226d.
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This paper aims to discuss the situation of Gender and Women?s Studies (GWS) graduate programs within mainstream academia of Turkey with a critical Feminist Standpoint Theory approach from the aspect of situated academic marginalization. Within the scope of the study, I carried out 17 semi-structured in-depth interviews with GWS academics from two distinct universities with similar historical backgrounds yet quite different specificities, and in the light of these interviews, I analyzed whether GWS, as an academic reciprocity of feminist movement, can be thought as a field with a twofold epistemic superiority with regard to ?better accounts of social reality?, as an ?other? of academia or not. In this regard, four main factors influencing GWS directly and deeply are found to be, respectively: socio-political situation which the programs were born into, current political conjuncture of the country, current situation of academia and of feminist movement within the country. In addition to these structural factors, self-definitions and self-valuations of the agents of the programs- from students to academics-, and curricula formed in parallel to the mission and vision the agents adopted appear to be significant factors that situate the programs within academia within the scope of subjects and specificities of the subjects.
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Gallagher, Sally K. "The Marginalization of Evangelical Feminism." Sociology of Religion 65, no. 3 (2004): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3712250.
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Reyes-Martínez, Javier, and Óscar Alfonso Martínez-Martínez. "Social marginalization and its relationship with cultural participation in Mexico." Córima, Revista de Investigación en Gestión Cultural 6, no. 10 (December 23, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/cor.a6n10.7377.
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Mexico is a country with a wide range of social marginalization. The intersection of this phenomenon and cultural participation has been little studied. Bearing this in mind, the central question of this work is: can the attendance toc ultural events and the type of events in which Mexicans participate be related to their marginalization level? In order to answer this question, a qualitative exploratory study was designed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews (N=247) infour Mexican states (Mexico City, Tamaulipas, Estado de Mexico, and Oaxaca). Data were processed through a thematic analysis that shows a relationship between marginalization and cultural participation in three large subjects: the facility or difficulty to participate incultural activities and events,the expressed interest in it, and the perceived benefits of the interviewee on these actions. These topics vary according to the marginalization level, confirming the need for cultural policy design to include marginalization as a key issue of cultural participation.
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Inloes, Amina, and Liyakat Takim. "Conversion to Twelver Shi‘ism among American and Canadian women." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 43, no. 1 (August 6, 2013): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429813496100.
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Little research has been done on Western women who convert to Shi‘i Islam. To fill this gap, this study was conducted on American and Canadian women who have converted to Shi‘i Islam. Most of the research subjects in this study reported a moderate to severe sense of social marginalization after conversion. This marginalization resulted from membership in multiple minority groups (Shi‘i, Muslim, convert, and female); Black converts reported the most severe sense of marginalization due to the added pressure of being a racial minority in North America. Most of the research subjects also experienced a sense of social exclusion from other Shi‘i Muslims. Therefore, the question arises as to why these women continued to adhere to Shi‘i Islam despite these difficulties. This article will attempt to answer this question through an analysis of the data provided by the research subjects.
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Edozie, Rita Kiki. "COOPERATING AGAINST SMALL-STATE MARGINALIZATION." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 5, no. 1 (2008): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x08080090.
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AbstractEmploying postcolonial critical international relations theory as its theoretical bedrock, this article uses the U.N.-U.S.-French-led humanitarian intervention in Haiti in 2004 to examine top-tier states' claims to universal human rights and bottom-tier states' claims to sovereign national democratic rights. This article critically interrogates both the theoretical and policy assumptions of an emergent interventionism by the North into the South, and examines Haitian social forces and their pan-African allies (CARICOM, the AU, and CBC), who are opposed to the universalist appropriation and imposition of a rights domain that curtails freedom in the international arena.
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Rajni. "Gender and Disability: Dual Marginalization." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 27, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521520939285.
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Human society has undergone many shifts and changes at structural and functional levels. The hierarchical structure which exists in the society is the root cause of discrimination among different groups and communities. Groups who are at the lower end are powerless and face discrimination in almost every domain of society. Such marginalization can occur due to gender, ethnicity, disability, caste, class and many more such constructs. The struggle of Girls with Disabilities (GwD) to access and participate in the educational domain remains an issue of great concern for disability activists and researchers. The purpose of this study was a) to explore and understand the lived experiences of GwD in their struggle for education through the lens of the Social Model of Disability (SMD) and b) to identify the issues, concerns, and challenges that GwD face due to their doubly marginalized identities-one based on disability and other on gender, by using the ‘case study’ research method. Themes emerging from the study are (a) socio-cultural issues and disability identity, (b) peer interaction in an educational setting, (c) access and participation in formal educational institutions, (d) gateways of empowerment, and e) structural access and assistive facilities. The findings indicate how policymakers can enhance access and the quality of participation of GwD in educational institutions.
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Rotenberg, Martin, Andrew Tuck, Kelly Anderson, and Kwame McKenzie. "S131. NEIGHBOURHOOD-LEVEL SOCIAL CAPITAL, MARGINALIZATION, AND THE INCIDENCE OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS IN TORONTO, CANADA: A RETROSPECTIVE POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.197.
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Abstract Background Previous studies have shown mixed results regarding the relationship between social capital and the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, and this has yet to be studied in North America. This study aims to examine the relationship between neighbourhood-level social capital, marginalization, and the incidence of psychotic disorders in Toronto, Canada. Methods A retrospective cohort of people aged 14 to 40 years residing in Toronto, Canada in 1999 (followed to 2008) was constructed from population-based health administrative data. Incident cases of schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders were identified using a validated algorithm. Voter participation rates in a municipal election were used as a proxy neighbourhood-level indicator of social capital. Exposure to neighbourhood-level marginalization was obtained from the Ontario Marginalization Index. Poisson regression models adjusting for age and sex were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRR) for each social capital quintiles and marginalization quintile. Results In the study cohort (n = 640,000) over the 10-year follow-up period, we identified 4,841 incident cases of schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders. We observed elevated rates of psychotic disorders in areas with the highest levels (IRR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.00–1.27) and moderate levels (IRR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.12–1.36) of social capital, when compared to areas with the lowest levels of social capital, after adjusting for neighbourhood-level indicators of marginalization. The risk associated with social capital was not present when analyzed in only the females in the cohort. All neighbourhood marginalization indicators, other than ethnic concentration, were significantly associated with risk. Discussion The risk of developing a psychotic disorder in Toronto, Canada is associated with socioenvironmental exposures. Social capital is associated with risk, however, the impact of social capital on risk differs by sex and social capital quintile. Across the entire cohort, exposure to all neighbourhood-level marginalization indicators, except ethnic concentration, impacts risk. Future research should examine how known individual-level risk factors, including immigration, ethnicity, and family history of a mental disorder may interact with these findings.
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Wijnberg, Marion H., and Susan Weinger. "Marginalization and the Single Mother: A Comparison of Two Studies." Affilia 12, no. 2 (July 1997): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088610999701200204.
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Johnson, Helen. "Gender, Technology, and the Potential for Social Marginalization: Kuala Lumpur and Singapore." Asian Journal of Women's Studies 9, no. 1 (January 2003): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12259276.2003.11665943.
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Collins, Timothy W. "The political ecology of hazard vulnerability: marginalization, facilitation and the production of differential risk to urban wildfires in Arizona's White Mountains." Journal of Political Ecology 15, no. 1 (December 1, 2008): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v15i1.21686.
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The concept of marginalization, which is central to studies in political ecology, can be strengthened by incorporating a focus on the mutually constitutive concept of facilitation. Facilitation connotes how privileged groups are provided institutional forms of security in their pursuit of private gain, contributing to deleterious social and ecological outcomes. This paper builds on the concept of marginalization by outlining its application in previous studies. Next, it demonstrates how a dual focus on marginalization and facilitation can help strengthen understanding of the political ecology of risks, hazards and, disasters based on the case of urban wildfire hazards in Arizona's White Mountains. It concludes by discussing implications for understandings of differential risk and hazard vulnerability. In a world where privileged people are increasingly harnessing resources of state and market institutions to externalize risks and capitalize on environmental opportunities, facilitation offers a conceptual complement to marginalization and broadens the political ecology frame. Keywords: hazard, vulnerability, risk, marginalization, fire, forest, landscape, Arizona
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Matiki, Alfred Jana. "The social and educational marginalization of Muslim youth in Malawi." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 19, no. 2 (October 1999): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602009908716440.
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Wehbi, Samantha, and Sylvana Lakkis. "Women With Disabilities in Lebanon: From Marginalization to Resistance." Affilia 25, no. 1 (January 13, 2010): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109909354985.
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Hubbard, Janie. "Social studies marginalization: Examining the effects on K-6 pre-service teachers and students." Journal of Social Studies Research 37, no. 3 (July 2013): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssr.2013.04.003.
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Hayden, Tyler, Christine A. Walsh, and Katherine Elizabeth Zelinsky. "Lesbian Oppression and Marginalization: Teaching Across the Disciplines of Literary Studies and Social Work." International Journal of Learning: Annual Review 16, no. 11 (2009): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v16i11/46746.
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Wlazło, Marcin. "Disability Studies wobec natury postaw dyskryminujących." Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, no. 16 (September 9, 2018): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2017.16.07.
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With the development of disability studies the awareness of “false universalization of disability” increased. It was realized that both theoretical and practical abuse is to treat disability as the main and even the only factor that binds the environment of people with disabilities. The configurations of the aspects of oppression and discriminatory attitudes have been in fact much more complex and elaborate than it was originally thought according to the promotion of the social model of disability. The article addresses the problem of multiplicity and simultaneous oppression, in which disability co-exists among other factors, considering gender, race or age of human as no less important factors of marginalization, violation of law and social exclusion.
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Vanstone, Meredith, Alex Rewegan, Francesca Brundisini, Mita Giacomini, Sujane Kandasamy, and Deirdre DeJean. "Diet modification challenges faced by marginalized and nonmarginalized adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis." Chronic Illness 13, no. 3 (November 24, 2016): 217–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742395316675024.
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Objectives Diet modification is an important part of the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, but sustained dietary change remains elusive for many individuals. This paper describes and interprets the barriers to diet modification from the perspective of people with type 2 diabetes, paying particular attention to the experiences of people who experience social marginalization. Methods A systematic review of primary, empirical qualitative research was performed, capturing 120 relevant studies published between 2002 and 2015. Qualitative meta-synthesis was used to provide an integrative analysis of this knowledge. Results Due to the central role of food in social life, dietary change affects all aspects of a person’s life, and barriers related to self-discipline, emotions, family and social support, social significance of food, and knowledge were identified. These barriers are inter-linked and overlapping. Social marginalization magnifies barriers; people who face social marginalization are trying to make the same changes as other people with diabetes with fewer socio-material resources in the face of greater challenges. Discussion A social-ecological model of behavior supports our findings of challenges at all levels, and highlights the need for interventions and counseling strategies that address the social and environmental factors that shape and sustain dietary change.
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Kundu, Anindya, David M Elcott, Erica G Foldy, and Amanda S Winer. "Perseverance Despite the Perception of Threat and Marginalization: Students’ High Grit in Grad School and Implications for Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Higher Education." Journal for the Study of Postsecondary and Tertiary Education 5 (2020): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4555.
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Aim/Purpose: This paper illustrates the relationship between graduate students’ social identities and their ability to persevere in an academically rigorous graduate setting. Through our analysis we show that while many students experience marginalization and threats to their identity, they display no less grit than those who do not experience marginalization and threats to their identity. Background: There are contentious debates in higher education about the role that universities should play in promoting equity, diversity, and inclusion principles. Existing arguments rarely consider students’ social identity in conjunction with their academic mindsets and ability to succeed in the graduate school environment, but instead make assumptions of who students are and of what they are capable. Methodology: Survey methods and quantitative analyses, including regression and ANOVA testing. Contribution: While demonstrating that students who experience marginalization and social identity threat display no less grit than their counterparts, we claim that all students would still desire to live and work in a society in which their social identities are respected and honored. Findings: Many students, even those successfully navigating graduate school, still identify as oppressed or marginalized, which is strongly related to certain social identities and to social identity threat. No demographic or oppression-based variable alone correlates negatively or positively with perseverance as tested by the grit scale we used. Recommendations for Practitioners: We recommend that universities uphold a commitment to diversity and inclusion in order to create welcoming environments for all students to thrive. Recommendation for Researchers: We recommend that researchers focus on the intersections of identity, perseverance, and policy to fully address the issues of marginalization and social identity threat at graduate school campuses. Impact on Society: Our paper works to counter the often-negative perception of students who identify as marginalized and who demand more inclusive university environments. Future Research: In future studies, it would be beneficial for the field to address other social identities and examine their perceptions of marginalization and inclusion and assess impacts on academic mindset.
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Desch, Michael. "Technique Trumps Relevance: The Professionalization of Political Science and the Marginalization of Security Studies." Perspectives on Politics 13, no. 2 (June 2015): 377–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592714004022.
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I explain here the disconnect between our discipline's self-image as balancing rigor with relevance with the reality of how we actually conduct our scholarship most of the time. To do so, I account for variation in social scientists' willingness to engage in policy-relevant scholarship over time. My theory is that social science, at least as it has been practiced in the United States since the early twentieth century, has tried to balance two impulses: To be a rigorous science and a relevant social enterprise. The problem is that there are sometimes tensions between these two objectives. First, historically the most useful policy-relevant social science work in the area of national security affairs has been interdisciplinary in nature, and this cuts against the increasingly rigid disciplinary siloes in the modern academy. Second, as sociologist Thomas Gieryn puts it, there is “in science, an unyielding tension between basic and applied research, and between the empirical and theoretical aspects of inquiry.” During wartime, the tensions between these two impulses have been generally muted, especially among those disciplines of direct relevance to the war effort; in peacetime, they reemerge and there are a variety of powerful institutional incentives within academe to resolve them in favor of a narrow definition of rigor that excludes relevance. My objective is to document how these trends in political science are marginalizing the sub-field of security studies, which has historically sought both scholarly rigor and real-world relevance. — Michael Desch.This essay is followed by responses from Ido Oren, Laura Sjobreg, Helen Louise Turton, Erik Voeten, and Stephen M. Walt. Michael Desch then offers a response to commentators.
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Brzozowski, Tomasz Tadeusz. "Globalizacja a wykluczenie społeczne. Etyczna i kulturowa geneza procesu marginalizacji." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 7 (January 1, 2011): 173–1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.7.12.
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The Author of this paper studies the impact globalization processes on socio-cultural changes,which lead to social exclusion. Being out of a society has different origins especially in modernworld and modern society. A reason does not always lie only on the man’s side. Being out of asociety is sometimes a result of many different processes like, in my opinion, the most essentialones - global trends and the especially ambiguous process – globalization.The Author pays attention to the origins of the social marginalization and tries to show themost important ones. Simultaneously, he analyzes them by looking at the intensity of theirimpact on social marginalization. This article ends with an unaided commentary in which theauthor passes his judgment on the origins and degree of influence of above-mentioned issues.
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NITA, Andreea-Mihaela, Gabriela MOTOI, and Cristina ILIE GOGA. "School Dropout Determinants in Rural Communities: The Effect of Poverty and Family Characteristics." Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala 74 (September 15, 2021): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/rcis.74.2.
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This article presents the results of a quantitative research in a Romanian rural community, which aimed to analyze how the socio-economic conditions and family type can influence the phenomenon of school dropout. The results of our research are also confirmed by the results of other specialized studies that highlight the fact that 1 in 2 children living in rural Romania are at risk of poverty and socio-economic marginalization. Or, poverty and socio-economic marginalization, to which we can add the family profile (especially the parents’ level of education), are the main determinants of the school dropout of children living in rural communities. In order to verify this hypothesis, our research was conducted on a sample of 363 people from a rural community in South-Western Romania, which is in line with the national demographic trends existing in the rural communities exposed to marginalization and poverty: a decreasing birth rate in the last 5 years, a high mortality (above county average), a negative natural growth, a high share of the illiterate, a high share of people whom children are facing difficulties in access to education etc.
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Hassan, Riaz. "Socio-Economic Marginalization of Muslims in Contemporary Australia: Implications for Social Inclusion." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 30, no. 4 (December 2010): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2010.533455.
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Marinaro, Isabella Clough. "Integration or marginalization? The failures of social policy for the Roma in Rome." Modern Italy 8, no. 2 (November 2003): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1353294032000131247.
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SummaryThis article examines Rome City Council's policies concerning the Roma during Francesco Rutelli's two terms as mayor (1993-2001). It demonstrates that the Rutelli administration's policies for these minority communities shifted from a superficial but genuine attempt to overcome aspects of marginalization to a criminalizing strategy of exclusion. It is argued here that the failure significantly to improve the social conditions of the Roma was due to (a) a refusal to tackle the inter-related causes of their social exclusion and (b) submission to the anti-Roma hostility of parts of the voting public. Following the demolition of Rome's largest shanty town in October 2000, the Council was unable to house many of the Roma it had made homeless. It would seem that a ‘cleaning-up’ campaign was intro duced to distance undocumented individuals and those with criminal records from the city through a notable rise in police raids. This change in approach was accompanied and justified by an intensification of ethnicized public order discourse.
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Kosiewicz, Jerzy. "Social and Biological Context of Physical Culture and Sport." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 50, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10141-010-0021-1.
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Social and Biological Context of Physical Culture and SportAuthor underlines that biological sciences connected with the human being are traditionally - after MacFadden, among others - counted among physical culture sciences. Because of the bodily foundations of human physical activity, they perform - shortly speaking - a significant cognitive function: they describe natural foundations of particular forms of movement. In spite of the fact that knowledge in that respect is extremely important for multiform human activity in the field of physical culture, it is not knowledge of cultural character. From the formal (that is, institutional) viewpoint it is strictly connected with culture studies, but it has separate methodological and theoretical assumptions. Knowledge of that type is focused on the human organism and not on effects of mental, axiocreative, symbolic activity of the human being entangled in social relations. It includes auxiliary data which support practical - that is, in that case, physical, bodily - activity. Its reception of axiological (ethical and aesthetical), social (philosophical, sociological, pedagogical, historical {universal or strictly defined - referring e.g. to art and literature with the connected theories} or political) character is dealt with by the humanities (in other words: social sciences) constituting an immanent and the fundamental - and hence the most important - part of culture studies. Putting stress on alleged superiority and the dominating role of natural (biological in that case) sciences within physical culture sciences and the connected marginalization of the humanities - which constitute, after all, a necessary and hence an unquestionable foundation for culture studies, their essence and objectivisation - is, euphemistically speaking, a clear shortcoming in the field of science studies.The abovementioned exaltation and aspirations for superiority, as well as deepening and more and more aggressive marginalization of the humanities (understood in that paper as a synonym for social sciences) in the field of physical culture sciences may lead to the separation of biological sciences.
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Nicki, Andrea. "The Abused Mind: Feminist Theory, Psychiatric Disability, and Trauma." Hypatia 16, no. 4 (2001): 80–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2001.tb00754.x.
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I show how much psychiatric disability is informed by trauma, marginalization, sexist norms, social inequalities, concepts of irrationality and normalcy, oppositional mind-body dualism, and mainstream moral values. Drawing on feminist discussion of physical disability, I present a feminist theory of psychiatric disability that serves to liberate not only those who are psychiatrically disabled but also the mind and moral consciousness restricted in their ranges of rational possibilities.
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Hull, Kathleen E. "Legal Consciousness in Marginalized Groups: The Case of LGBT People." Law & Social Inquiry 41, no. 03 (2016): 551–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12190.
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Studies of legal consciousness have flourished over the last few decades, but these studies and the very concept of legal consciousness have recently come under critique. This article uses the case of studies of the legal consciousness of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people to demonstrate that legal consciousness has been a valuable conceptual tool for exploring experiences of sociolegal marginalization. Research on LGBT people advances the study of legal consciousness without sacrificing a critical stance or reading lack of overt resistance as evidence of law's hegemonic power. Consideration of this research highlights that focusing on marginalized populations is a way to retain a critical edge in legal consciousness research. Future research should include more exploration of the relationship between marginalization and legal consciousness, further theoretical elaboration of the forms and conditions of resistance to law, and greater attention to how social interactions and institutions produce legal consciousness.
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Fitchett, Paul G., and Tina L. Heafner. "A National Perspective on the Effects of High-Stakes Testing and Standardization on Elementary Social Studies Marginalization." Theory & Research in Social Education 38, no. 1 (January 2010): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2010.10473418.
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Žikić, Bojan. "The Concept of the Risk Environment and Risk Factors in the Social-Epidemiological Studies of Public Health." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 8, no. 2 (February 27, 2016): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v8i2.3.
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Rhodes’ concept of the risk environment became the dominant heuristic tool in the social epidemiological studies of issues connected to HIV/AIDS and HCV in the decade after the publication of the first theoretical paper (2002) on the concept. Even though the concept of risk environment has been widely utilized in a number of papers on the issue, it has not been theoretically expanded on – there has been no clearer highlighting of risk factors – a key part of the concept – not has it been expanded in order to be applicable to a wider range of public health topics, with an accent on vulnerability, marginality and marginalization, which is the topic and aim of this paper.
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Giametta, Calogero. "Reorienting Participation, Distance and Positionality: Ethnographic Encounters with Gender and Sexual Minority Migrants." Sexualities 21, no. 5-6 (March 30, 2017): 868–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460716678751.
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In this article, the author reflects on how complementing an interview-based methodological approach with participation may be conducive to creating nuanced knowledges about processes of identification, belonging and marginalization. The thoughts he elaborates on emerge from two experiences of fieldwork conducted with gender and sexual minority migrants in the UK and France. He dwells on the uses that social researchers make of some well-established methods when doing research fieldwork: participant observation, researcher’s distance, and positionality. In so doing, the author activates the queer signifier to help us think through how the words researchers use, and where they are situated, influence their sensibilities as investigators of the social.
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Houdret, Annabelle, Zakaria Kadiri, and Lisa Bossenbroek. "A New Rural Social Contract for the Maghreb? The Political Economy of Access to Water, Land and Rural Development." Middle East Law and Governance 9, no. 1 (June 7, 2017): 20–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-00901003.
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The social contract, as the basis of the relations between rulers and populations in the Maghreb region, is highly contested especially since 2011. However, the rural dimension of this phenomenon remains yet under researched. Building on related emerging critical studies, this paper coins the term of a ‘rural social contract’ and analyses what it embodies. It highlights how the unequal ownership and use of water and land resources contribute to the marginalization of the large majority of rural populations and to their growing discontent. The article argues that three trends currently contribute to the re-articulation of the social contract in rural areas. Firstly, overexploitation and climate change lead to a severe degradation of water and land resources which challenges the established patterns of use and redistribution of these resources. Secondly, agricultural policies focusing on export production and on large entrepreneurs lead to further marginalization of small farmers. Thirdly, the emergence of new rural actors challenge the established social relationships. On the basis of this analysis, the article frames the major challenges, dynamics and characteristic of a newly emerging rural social contract in the Maghreb.
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Galaviz, Uriel Zúñiga, Rubén Vélez González, Jaime Guereca Arvizuo, Edson Francisco Estrada Meneses, Cesar Villalobos Samaniego, Iván de Jesús Toledo Domínguez, and Arturo Osorio Gutiérrez. "SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DURING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENT RECESS." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 27, no. 1 (January 2021): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127012019_0033.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the level of physical activity (PA) at school has not been studied at length. Objective To describe the association between SES and the intensity of physical activity during recess in elementary school children as well as the space dedicated to physical activity. Methods A total of 212 children (110 boys and 102 girls) who were enrolled in the fourth, fifth and sixth grade of elementary school at the time participated in this study. The subjects were divided into 4 levels according to the marginalization index (MI). The geographical location of the schools and the available area were calculated using Google Maps Pro (GMP) software.1 Physical activity level was measured using accelerometry.2 Comparisons of different levels of PA with respect to marginalization indices and sex were investigated using one-way analysis of variance. The association between health variables and PA was determined through the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results Results indicated that the level and intensity of PA during recess are associated with socioeconomic status and the social marginalization index, as well as sex, age, and infrastructure. Conclusion The higher the level of social marginalization, the lower the level of PA and the smaller the space dedicated to PA. Level of Evidence III; Comparative retrospective study.
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Kucich, John. "CULTURAL STUDIES, VICTORIAN STUDIES, AND GRADUATE EDUCATION." Victorian Literature and Culture 27, no. 2 (September 1999): 477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150399272099.
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LIKE MANY OTHER PEOPLE these days, I’m concerned about the speed-up in graduate education. The chief cause of our students’ premature professionalization is, of course, the terrible job market — which John Guillory has faulted for propagating intellectual shallowness among our students, by forcing them to become active scholars too soon. Guillory remarks, incidentally, that the social marginalization of literary studies reflected in the job crisis coincides with its strident politicization, which he reads as symptomatic of — and by no means a solution to — the decreased relevance of the discipline itself in contemporary society. What Guillory doesn’t mention, however, is the obvious role that cultural studies plays in the speed-up of graduate studies, and the way its simplistic political imperatives contribute to that speed-up. But it seems to me that the vast new territories cultural studies opens up to scholarship, along with the pressures it creates in all of us to find a hot new cultural topic (in Don DeLillo’s White Noise, one cultural studies professor to another: “I want to do with Elvis what you did with Hitler”), require a reductive politics to enable the quick consumption of knowledge that makes rapid professionalization possible. Our students are no longer surprised by our “commodify or die” ethos.
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Anderson, Charles W. "Youth, the “Arab Spring,” and Social Movements." Review of Middle East Studies 47, no. 2 (2013): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2151348100058031.
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Almost two years after the inception of the so-called “Arab Spring” some of its primary constituencies remain enigmatic. To a certain degree, this is an effect of previous scholarly interest in various regimes’ strategies for maintaining their monopolization of critical resources, and, ultimately, of state power. The literature on “durable authoritarianism” has taught us much about autocratic longevity and the structures and dynamics that underpinned the management of the populace, as well as marginalization of challengers in a variety of regimes throughout the region. As some scholars have recently observed, however, the focus on authoritarian regimes’ staying power led to overestimations of their strength and, correspondingly, to underestimations of their publics. Of course studies of social movements, resistant populations, and opposition groups are plentiful and trends like the growth of Islamist groups have received copious attention.
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Downing, Joseph. "Rapping French Cities in the 1990s." French Politics, Culture & Society 38, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 136–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2020.380307.
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The scholarship on French rap has thus far paid too little attention to social boundary making. This is important given the long-standing sociological importance of territorial boundaries in creating and reenforcing marginalization, especially for ethnic and racial minorities, in French cities. This article highlights the process of boundary making by presenting an analysis of 364 rap tracks from the 1990s. The results demonstrate stark contrasts: 94 percent of Marseille rappers depict boundaries at the city level, while 68 percent of Paris rappers use districts (arrondissements and suburban départements) as the key signifiers of boundary making. Paris rap follows an established pattern of brightening existing socioeconomic and territorial boundaries through lyrics that focus on alienation and marginalization. Rap from Marseille follows a countervailing logic of blurring socioeconomic and territorial boundaries through lyrics that strive to capture a lived, inclusive multiculturalism in the city.
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Haverback, Heather Rogers. "Why don’t we teach social studies? Preservice teachers’ social studies self-efficacy." Social Studies Research and Practice 12, no. 3 (November 20, 2017): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-07-2017-0034.
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Purpose The majority of states and school systems within the USA have implemented the Common Core State Standards, but with this implementation and focus on language arts and mathematics, many believe that social studies education has lagged. The purpose of this paper is to investigate preservice teachers’ social studies self-efficacy, experiences, and beliefs. Participants were preservice teachers in a required education course. During this course, preservice teachers were required to complete a 20-hour practicum within a school. Participants completed a teacher social studies self-efficacy scale, as well as a reflection questionnaire and course discussions. Results showed that preservice teachers reported that they did not have social studies experiences within the practicum. Implications of this study support preservice teachers having additional social studies education and C3 Framework mastery experiences. Design/methodology/approach With regard to the teacher’s sense of efficacy scale, descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations) were calculated. Following qualitative tradition (Glaser and Strauss, 1967; Miles and Huberman, 1994), the author used a constant comparative method to code the reflection questionnaire and group discussions. This included calculating answers and coding themes across the sources. These data gleaned insight into the participants’ experiences within the course and practicum regarding the domain of social studies education. Findings To answer research question 1, means and standard deviations were calculated. Using the social studies teacher’s sense of efficacy scale, participants reported M=6.4, SD=1.25. Research question 2 concerned whether or not participants were given a mastery experience (practicum/tutoring) in social studies. Moreover, if they were not given such an experience, in what domain did they work? Results indicated that a few participants (19 percent) stated that they had an opportunity to tutor in social studies. Most reported that the majority of their tutoring is in reading (58 percent) or mathematics (24 percent). Research limitations/implications The findings from this study inform social studies research as it focuses on teacher social studies self-efficacy and mastery experiences within a practicum. First, preservice teachers in this study had relatively low self-efficacy beliefs in the domain of social studies. Second, the participants had very few mastery experiences in social studies. Finally, preservice teachers seem to feel that they will enjoy teaching social studies, and they did learn social studies within their schools. Practical implications Teacher educators are constrained in the time that they have to impart knowledge, pedagogy, and efficacy beliefs on preservice teachers. While evolving legislative mandates are at the forefront of many aspects of teaching, a teacher’s belief in his or her ability to teach may be what leads to perseverance in the classroom. Experiences within social studies classrooms and a use of the C3 Framework will help to highlight teachers’ and students’ growth within the domain of social studies. This study highlights the need for more mastery experiences in social studies as a way of strengthening new teachers’ content knowledge. Social implications The future of social studies education within the classroom seems to be a dire situation. The consequence of the marginalization of social studies within the classroom is twofold. First, students to do have direct social studies instruction. Second, preservice teachers do not have an opportunity to observe or teach within this domain. As stated earlier, legislation is guiding classroom instruction. However, if teachers and schools are informed, social studies education does not have to disappear from student’s classroom time. School systems and teachers who have not yet done so should begin to consider using the C3 Framework. Originality/value The need to understand preservice teachers’ social studies self-efficacy beliefs is of importance given the constraints that they will most likely be facing once they enter the classroom. In other words, if preservice teachers are expected to teach children social studies, teacher educators should understand their learning of and beliefs about teaching in this domain. This study focused on preservice teachers’ self-efficacy and social studies beliefs. This study highlights the need for more mastery experiences in social studies as a way of strengthening new teachers’ content knowledge. Today, there are limitations wherein preservice teachers do not have many experiences with social studies. Future approaches should focus on offering more mastery experiences to preservice teachers.
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Jensen, Sune Qvotrup, Jeppe Fuglsang Larsen, and Ann-Dorte Christensen. "Voksne etniske minoritetsmænd - marginalisering og intersektionalitet." Kvinder, Køn & Forskning, no. 4 (December 21, 2018): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kkf.v27i4.111702.
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Adult Ethnic Minority Men - Marginalization and IntersectionalityAdult ethnic minority men make up a blind spot in gender and masculinity research. The article contributes to Danish gender studies by examining adult ethnic minority men in a suburb of Aalborg. The analysis applies an intersectional perspective as well as conceptualizations of class travel and othering. Methodologically it is based on qualitative interviews with 24 ethnic minority men living in the area. The article analyzes specific processes of marginalization in relation to local culture and social politics; implications of downward class journey; and processes of othering. One of the main findings is that the marginalized position of these adult ethnic men is related to intersecting categories where for instance the downward class journey and the processes of othering are intertwined and inseparable.
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Temelová, Jana, Jana Jíchová, Lucie Pospíšilová, and Nina Dvořáková. "Urban Social Problems and Marginalized Populations in Postsocialist Transition Societies." Urban Affairs Review 53, no. 2 (August 3, 2016): 273–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087415620304.
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Despite growing scholarly interest in residential segregation in Central and Eastern Europe, thus far insufficient attention has been paid to understanding marginalization in these postsocialist transition societies through the perceptions of stakeholders. The present article reports the findings of a qualitative study of the perceptions of urban social problems in the city center of Prague, Czechia. Semistructured interviews with the key actors involved in the city’s social development are used to understand what social phenomena they perceive as problematic, how they localize them within the urban space, and how their perceptions translate into policy attitudes. We find that stakeholders emphasize the issues of homelessness, drug addiction, and the appropriate delivery of social services in their narratives. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the repressive nature of policy interventions partly results from a lack of experience of overcoming such societal issues and partly results from weak coordination at the city level.
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Leung, Lai-ching. "Intersectional Challenges." Affilia 32, no. 2 (November 25, 2016): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109916678026.
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Intersectionality is a useful approach to understand the marginalization of ethnic minority (EM) sexual assault survivors. By using this approach, we are able to recognize the interplay and complexity between gender, class, and race that give rise to the inequality and oppression that experienced by EM women in Hong Kong. Findings of the study show that rape myths, gender-role perception, religion, kinship pressure, language barriers, citizenship, and immigration policy have constituted interlocking factors that shape the victim identity of EM sexual assault survivors.
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Brown, Kevin J., and Frederick D. Weil. "Strangers in the Neighborhood: Violence and Neighborhood Boundaries." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 49, no. 1 (July 3, 2019): 86–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241619857150.
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New Orleans experienced elevated rates of violent crime throughout the thirty years between 1985 and 2015. Violence was disproportionately represented in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. This study explores the lived experiences of residents from one such neighborhood, using individual interviews, focus groups, and participant observation. The data indicate that neighborhood boundaries vacillated between rigidly defensive and porous, which impacted residents’ ability to enact collective efficacy and thus to create a milieu that either positively or negatively influenced the likelihood of violence. With a long history of institutional and social neglect, the community initially viewed outsiders as invaders which resulted in rigidly defended boundaries. As the community emerged from social marginalization and was able to enact collective efficacy, its boundaries became more porous and resources flowed into the community. As a result, violence decreased, further enhancing collective efficacy and boundary porosity in a virtuous cycle. This suggests that crime prevention and response models that engage residents and decrease marginalization may decrease cynicism, open boundaries, and improve collective efficacy, thereby reducing neighborhood violence.
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Evolvi, Giulia. "Hybrid Muslim identities in digital space: The Italian blog Yalla." Social Compass 64, no. 2 (April 25, 2017): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037768617697911.
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Islam is often regarded as being incompatible with European values. In Italy, for example, anti-Islamic points of view reiterate the religion’s alleged inconsistency with Catholicism and secularism. This article argues that narrative practices can challenge this idea by articulating Muslim hybrid identities that are compatible with Italian culture and society. The second-generation blog Yalla Italia represents a ‘third space’ where young Italian Muslims contrast dominant media stereotypes, thereby creating ‘disruptive flows of dissent’. A textual analysis of the blog and interviews with some of the bloggers reveal that three main topics are employed to overcome marginalization: (1) critiques of mainstream media (2) narratives about family lives and the practice of Islam, and (3) advocacy of a quicker procedure for gaining Italian citizenship. The bloggers adopt a storytelling style to press for social and institutional change and explain how they succeed in adapting Islam to Italian society. Their religious diversity is thus perceived as providing a potential for Italy, rather than being a mark of marginalization.
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Kory, Stephan N. "Presence in Variety: De-Trivializing Female Diviners in Medieval China." Nan Nü 18, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 3–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685268-00181p02.
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This article argues that the relative absence and trivialization of female diviners apparent in medieval Chinese texts does not accurately reflect the presence of these figures in medieval Chinese society. It further contends that this dearth in representation is the direct result of a more comprehensive and sustained annihilation or marginalization of women in third- through ninth-century Chinese texts. Narrative accounts and the institutional perspectives on divination informing them are critically analyzed and compared to help de-trivialize the roles that female diviners played in medieval China. Comparative theories of divination will be considered to help expand the scope of our inquiry beyond activities explicitly identified as such, and the geographical, social, and practical variety one finds in medieval depictions of female diviners will be used as evidence of a much wider and more pervasive social presence than one finds today in received medieval records.
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Ayón, Cecilia, Jill T. Messing, Maria Gurrola, and Dellanira Valencia-Garcia. "The Oppression of Latina Mothers: Experiences of Exploitation, Violence, Marginalization, Cultural Imperialism, and Powerlessness in Their Everyday Lives." Violence Against Women 24, no. 8 (October 9, 2017): 879–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217724451.
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Despite Latinos being the largest growing population in the United States, research has not examined the impact of social structures on the well-being of Latina immigrants; negative social discourse and restrictive laws exacerbate inequality and discrimination in this population. Through combined inductive/deductive analysis of in-depth semistructured interviews, we examined immigrant Mexican mothers’ ( N = 32) descriptions of oppression in the United States. All five forms of oppression, described in Young’s oppression framework are evident: exploitation, violence, marginalization, cultural imperialism, and powerlessness. Discrimination places a high burden on Latinas due to the intersection of forms of oppression and nondominant identities.
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Temirgaliev, Kudaibergen, and Gaziza Jamaliyeva. "Cultural marginality and its social implications." Central Asian Journal of Art Studies 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47940/cajas.v6i1.355.
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The article is devoted to exam the problem of cultural marginality. Due to the fact that nowadays, during the formation of new social forces and relations, many societies, including Kazakhstan’s, more-less experience a vacuum of values and norms. Marginal individuals in the conditions of new landmarks formation are lacking the stable social orientations; it is very hard for them to identify themselves with sufficient certainty. A marginal state characterizes by the fact that a human, having left one culture, leaving it on the outer plane of his being, does not fit into a culture new for him, does not come to it, although he lives in the presence of its innumerable displays. The individual is in the stage of mastering new cultural features, but he cannot yet master them completely. This is the marginality as the natural paradox for being transitional, borderline social and cultural status. Usually, it is precisely in transition eras that the process of marginalization intensifies sharply and expands in its scale. People feel insecure and socially unstable. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to thoroughly exam the problem of marginality. In writing the article, we used the methods of cognitive-evaluative analysis, the methodology of cross-cultural-psychological research and the principle of the historical traditions unity. Based on the research of marginality problem, we conclude that the personality absorbs single and diverse, whole and detailed, universal and individual. In this regard, the problem of marginalization should be resolved through personal self-determination. This article was written by virtue of the works of various philosophers, sociologists and educators who studied the problems of marginality. The article offers a number of recommendations for solving the problem of marginality in the new realities.
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Amstutz, Galen. "The Politics of Pure Land Buddhism in India." Numen 45, no. 1 (1998): 69–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568527981644428.
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AbstractPure Land Buddhism achieved its primary influence in East Asia because it supplied a nonmonastic, autonomous source of religious authority and practice to middle elites in those cultural regions. In contrast Pure Land failed to achieve any success in India. The explanation for the marginalization of Indian Pure Land is probably sociopolitical: Pure Land teachings tended to bypass not only the authority of the Hindu brahmins, but even the authority of Buddhist renunciate orders. Indian social history did not produce any significant middle elites concerned with such non-gurucentric religious authority. As a result, Buddhist India did not produce any innovations in the upâya of religious institutionalization in Buddhism.
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McCormack, Shashray. "Backpack of Whiteness: Releasing the Weight to Free Myself and My Students." Urban Education 55, no. 6 (December 24, 2019): 937–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085919892035.
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This essay decenters whiteness and centers who I am as a Black teacher weighed down by boulders representing the dominance of whiteness and internalized racism as well as the institutional and social systems within which I dwell. Slowly, I release them through partnerships, “remembered” histories, “re-righted” curriculum, and confidence in self-worth. While I write about degradation, marginalization, disrespect, and omission of my Blackness in relationships with universities, I also write about supportive partnerships with Professional Dyads of Culturally Relevant Teaching (PDCRT) Colleagues of Color, administrators, and students emphasizing that, at the end of the day, the partner I must hold onto first is me.
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Romeyn, Esther. "Liberal tolerance and its hauntings: Moral compasses, anti-Semitism and Islamophobia." European Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 2 (April 5, 2016): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549416638526.
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The pro-Gaza demonstrations that marked the summer of 2014 were trailed by a concern over the intensity of anti-Semitism among European Muslims and accusations of ‘double standards’ with regard to anti-Muslim racism. In the Netherlands, the debate featured a nexus between the Holocaust, anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, freedom of speech and the limits of tolerance, which beckons a closer analysis. I argue that it indicates the place of the Holocaust in the European imaginary as one of a haunting, which is marked by a structure of dis/avowal. Prescriptive multicultural tolerance, which builds on Europe’s debt to the Holocaust and represents the culturalized response to racial inequalities, reiterates this structure of dis/avowal. It ensures that its normative framework of identity politics and equivalences, and the Holocaust, Jews and anti-Semitism which occupy a seminal place within it, supplies the dominant (and in the case of anti-Semitism, displaced) terms for the contestation of (disavowed) racialized structures of inequality. The dominance of the framework of identity politics as a channel for minority populations to express a sense of marginalization and disaffection with mainstream politics, however, risks culturalizing both the origins and the solutions to that marginalization. Especially when that sense of marginalization is filtered and expressed through the contestation of the primacy of the Holocaust memory, it enables the state, which embeds Jews retrogressively in the European project, to externalize racialized minorities on the basis of presumed cultural incompatibilities (including anti-Semitism, now externalized from the memory of Europe proper and attributed uniquely to the Other); to erase its historical and contemporary racisms; and to subject minority populations to disciplinary securitization. Moreover, it contributes to the obfuscation of the political, social and economic dynamics through which neo-liberal capitalism effects the hollowing out of the social contract and the resultant fragmentation of society (which the state then can attribute to ‘deficient’ minority cultures and values).
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Candipan, Jennifer. "“Change Agents” on Two Wheels: Claiming Community and Contesting Spatial Inequalities through Cycling in Los Angeles." City & Community 18, no. 3 (September 2019): 965–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12430.
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This study uses participant observation to examine how an all–female collective in Los Angeles uses urban cycling culture as a way to contest inequalities and advocate for social change in communities of color. Bridging the literatures on gentrification and social movements, I examine how the collective uses the bicycle as a unifying tool to draw disparate individuals together and, through the group's practices and rituals, generates a shared sense of collective identity and politicized consciousness embedded within the uneven spatial development of Los Angeles. I demonstrate how this politicized consciousness drives a collective spirit of resistance that challenges gentrification by reimagining and re–embodying space through organized actions and everyday practices. I find that organized anti–gentrification resistance is not merely reactionary, but rather entails pre–figurative action and visioning for space and community. Overall, findings speak more broadly to how communities of color facing exclusion and marginalization make claims to space and community.
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Cowan, Douglas E., and Jeffrey K. Hadden. "God, Guns, and Grist for the Media's Mill." Nova Religio 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2004): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2004.8.2.64.
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It is axiomatic that what North American mass media present as "news" represents only a fraction of what occurs on any given day. Because what is represented as news will be for the vast majority of news consumers the only information they receive on specific events, the manner by which newsworthiness is determined is of some importance. This is especially so in terms of new religious movements, which already suffer from a degree of cultural marginalization and social stigma. Working from the well-known model of newsworthiness first proposed by Johann Galtung and Mari Ruge, we offer a more parsimonious, value-added refinement that demonstrates that the very constituents of media newsworthiness actually contribute to and reinforce the continued misrepresentation of new religious movements.
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Dumitru, Diana. "Jewish Social Mobility under Late Stalinism: A View from the Newly Sovietizing Periphery." Slavic Review 78, no. 4 (2019): 986–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2019.257.
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This article expands our knowledge of nationality policies, center-periphery relations, and Jewish life under late Stalinism, a period which has heretofore been viewed predominantly through the lens of Stalin's terror and marginalization. By focusing on Soviet Moldavia, the article demonstrates that developments in this region followed a different trajectory from those displayed in the center. Local expediencies, derived from the needs of a newly Sovietizing territory with “suspect” locals, encouraged the professional advancement of ethnic Jews to positions of power and prestige previously unmatched in this region. The study explores both the opportunities and limitations faced by Jews in this peripheral region, while placing these phenomena inside the framework of Soviet nationality policies and its accompanying policy toward government professionals. Simultaneously, the article highlights both the legacy of Romanian official antisemitism within this region of postwar Soviet society and the role of the “neo-korenizatsiia” program in displacing Jews within Soviet state structures.