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1
Fonseca, Maira Christina Marques, Maria Aparecida Nogueira Sediyama, Filipe Pereira Giardini Bonfim, et al. "Lettuce and marigold intercropping: crops productivity and marigold's flavonoid content." Ciência Rural 46, no. 9 (2016): 1553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20150712.
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ABSTRACT: Intercropping of vegetables and medicinal plants might produce favorable interactions for both crops, resulting in increased production and profit per unit area. It is known that active compounds can change because of several factors, including the cropping system. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of intercropping of lettuce and marigold on the productivity of these crops and on the flavonoid content of marigold flowers. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of EPAMIG in Oratorios-MG. Treatments consisted of lettuce + marigolds intercropping between rows, lettuce + marigold intercropping between plants, and monocultures of each species. Spacing was 0.3x0.3m. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with ten repetitions. Harvest of lettuce and marigold flowers started 45 days after transplantation (DAT) and extended up to 72 DAT for marigolds. Lettuce and marigold intercropping appears feasible because lettuce production did not differ between the monoculture and intercropped cultivations, and marigold productivity was higher when intercropped with lettuce. No change in the flavonoid (active chemicals of medicinal interest) content in the floral capitula of marigolds was observed.
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ZHANG, Huali, Lina SONG, Lifang LI, et al. "Interspecific hybridization with African marigold (Tagetes erecta) can improve flower-related performance in French marigold (T. patula)." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 50, no. 4 (2022): 12808. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha50312808.
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The present research was intended for interspecific hybridization between two male sterile African marigold lines and six self-lines of French marigolds. The results show that as indicated by the full seed number per capitulum, the pollen amount of French marigold pollen influenced the authentic compatibilities reckoned for the 10 cross combinations configured to some amount. Based on the field performance of these interspecific hybrids, it is known that the parental French marigold’s single-petaled and silvery flower type may well be improved to a heavy-petaled type while the flower colour remains the same or changes to a lighter version with the same hue. Furthermore, the progeny of certain crossings exceeded the male parents in terms of growth, leaf, and flower-related features, particularly plant height, crown breadth, flower number per plant, and ligulate flower quantity. The most remarkable finding was that, compared to the parental French marigold, most of the hybrid combinations' progeny could blossom 0-11 days earlier. Finally, we identified two excellent hybrid combinations that may be used as a reference for future breeding and commercialization of new marigold varieties.
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Wu, Wentao. "Marigold (Tagete erecta): An Effective Meloidogyne incognita Trap Plant." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 25, no. 02 (2021): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1666.
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Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are soil-borne pathogens that can cause severe damage to agricultural production. The most common approaches to prevent root-knot nematode infections are based on crop rotation with non-host plants, use of chemical insecticides, biological control methods, and use of nematode-antagonistic or trap plants. Marigolds (Tagetes erecta) are used as nematode-killing plants, but there is controversy over the mechanism through which they control root-knot nematodes. This study confirmed that marigold root-exudates are lethal to root-knot nematodes, illustrated that marigolds act as trap plants for root-knot nematodes when planted close to nematode host plants such as tomato. We investigated the rates of infection and development of nematode larvae injected into the marigold root system to evaluate whether marigolds could act as a non-host plant for root-knot nematodes. We found that aqueous solutions of marigold root-exudates showed strong lethal and inhibitory effects on sec-stage juveniles and eggs of root-knot nematodes. Marigold roots secreted substances that attracted nematodes from the surrounding environment. Furthermore, marigold root cells contained substances that had a strong inhibitory effect on the development of root-knot nematodes, resulting in diapause in nematodes, and inhibition of further infection. Herein we report a preliminary exploration of the antagonistic mechanism in marigolds for controlling the growth and development of root-knot nematodes. Our research provides basis for promoting the use of marigold for the control of nematodes as an important part of sustainable cropping strategies that rely on biological pest control. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
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Whankaew, Sukhuman, Supaporn Hasthanasombut, Ratchadaporn Thaikert, Piengtawan Tappiban, Duncan R. Smith, and Kanokporn Triwitayakorn. "Molecular characterization and genetic relationship of marigolds (Tagetes spp.) based on simple sequence repeat markers." Plant Genetic Resources 12, no. 3 (2014): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262114000100.
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In this study, simple sequence repeats (SSRs) specific to marigold were developed using the inter-SSR technique and a SSR-enriched genomic DNA library. In addition, SSRs derived from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were also tested for transferability to marigold. In total, 38 polymorphic markers with 112 observed alleles were identified in 20 African marigolds (Tagetes erecta L.) consisting of 14 commercial varieties and six Thai landraces, and six French marigolds (Tagetes patula L.). The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7. The averages of expected and observed heterozygosities were 0.48 and 0.32, respectively. Polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.10 to 0.71, and resolving power (Rp) values ranged from 0.23 to 2.77. The SSRs were successfully applied to the differentiation of the 26 marigold samples into clusters of African commercial varieties, Thai landraces and French marigold. The genetic relationship analysis revealed that the African commercial varieties were more closely related to the Thai landraces than to the French marigold. The results of the study indicate that the SSRs developed are effective for genetic diversity analysis, species classification and individual identification.
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Ploeg, Antoon T. "Effects of Selected Marigold Varieties on Root-knot Nematodes and Tomato and Melon Yields." Plant Disease 86, no. 5 (2002): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.5.505.
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Field experiments were conducted at two sites in California to evaluate the effects of marigold genotypes Tagetes patula var. Single Gold and Tagetes hybrid var. Polynema on Meloidogyne incognita infestation, root-galling, and yields of tomato grown immediately after marigold. Marigold cultivars were compared with a fallow control and with methyl iodide fumigation of soil prior to cultivation of M. incognita-susceptible and M. incognita-resistant tomato. Tomato yields after marigold were ca. 50% higher than after fallow. Marigold Single Gold consistently reduced nematode infestation and galling of tomato roots. Results were not significantly different between methyl iodide fumigation or marigold Single Gold at one site, but methyl iodide outperformed both marigold varieties at the other site. At one site, where melon var. Durango was grown during spring and summer of the year following cultivation of marigolds Single Gold and Polynema, melon yield increases of 95 and 45%, respectively, were still obtained.
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Rita, Wismalinda, Neli Definiati, Rita Zurina, Edi Susilo, and Parwito. "Study of Morphology, Nutrition and Bioactive Compounds at Two Accessions Marigold (Tagetes Erecta) in Kepahiang Regency." International Journal of Integrative Sciences 3, no. 11 (2024): 1181–90. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v3i11.12211.
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Marigold (Tagetes erecta) is an ornamental herbaceous and medicinal plant that is easily cultivated, so many are found at various heights, such as in Kepahiang Bengkulu regency, Indonesia. In addition, marigolds contain nutrients and bioactive compounds that have yet to be fully utilized. This study aims to identify the morphology, nutrients and bioactive compounds of marigold flowers in Kepahiang district of Bengkulu, Indonesia. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling survey method by conducting non-experimental descriptive observations. Sampling locations were conducted around Kepahiang regency. The variables observed were morphological identification, nutrient content and bioactive compounds. Two accessions are found: marigold flowers with small petals of orange and marigold flowers with small petals of yellow. Orange marigold flowers with small petals-shaped protein (10.51%) are higher than the small yellow marigold (9.49%), while the protein content of leaves (5.96%) is lower than the protein marigold flowers. Small-sized orange Petals marigold flowers have a higher carotenoid content (166.41 mg/kg) than small-sized yellow petals flowers (85.89 mg/kg). But compared to flowers, marigold leaves have a higher chlorophyll content (246.93 mg/kg). Marigold flower with orange petals in a small shape has the best nutritional and bioactive compounds content for poultry feed
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Chauhan, Ajeet Singh, Chiu-Wen Chen, Reeta Rani Singhania, et al. "Valorizations of Marigold Waste for High-Value Products and Their Industrial Importance: A Comprehensive Review." Resources 11, no. 10 (2022): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources11100091.
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The municipal authorities in developing nations face serious challenges in marigold flower garbage management. The primary issue is that they never are reused after prayers. Flower waste of Tagetes erecta, T. patula, and Calendula officinalis L. are commonly used for carotenoid and flavonoid extractions and, subsequently, used for incense stick and biogas production. Marigold plants are also used for phytoremediation during their growth stage. The lutein industry is booming due to its increasing market demand, expected to reach ~2121.2 billion tons by 2022, where marigolds are a major contributor globally. The process of isolating lutein from saponified marigold oleoresin yields a product with 70–85% purity. Lutein is a major xanthophyll (70–88%) of marigold petals, and a maximum of 21.23 mg/g of lutein was extracted. This review discusses the properties of selective marigold species, their compositions, and the extraction of different flavonoids and carotenoids, especially lutein. Moreover, different extraction methods of marigold lutein, the collection of marigold waste, and their subsequent utilization to derive several value-added products are discussed. Among physical treatments, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and enzymatic treatment with 5% solids loading were the maximum-yielding methods.
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Burnett, Stephanie E., Marc W. van Iersel, and Paul A. Thomas. "Medium-incorporated PEG-8000 Reduces Elongation, Growth, and Whole-canopy Carbon Dioxide Exchange of Marigold." HortScience 41, no. 1 (2006): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.1.124.
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French marigold (Tagetes patula L. `Boy Orange') was grown in a peat-based growing medium containing different rates (0, 15, 20, 30, 42, or 50 g·L–1) of polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG-8000) to determine if PEG-8000 would reduce seedling height. Only 28% to 55% of seedlings treated with 62, 72, or 83 g·L–1 of PEG-8000 survived, and these treatments would be commercially unacceptable. Marigolds treated with the remaining concentrations of PEG-8000 had shorter hypocotyls, and were up to 38% shorter than nontreated controls at harvest. Marigold cotyledon water (ψw), osmotic (ψs), and turgor (ψp) potentials were significantly reduced by PEG-8000, and ψp was close to zero for all PEG-treated seedlings 18 days after seeding. Whole-plant net photosynthesis, whole-plant dark respiration, and net photosynthesis/leaf area ratios were reduced by PEG-8000, while specific respiration of seedlings treated with PEG-8000 increased. Marigolds treated with concentrations greater than 30 g·L–1 of PEG-8000 had net photosynthesis rates that were close to zero. Fourteen days after transplanting, PEG-treated marigolds were still shorter than nontreated seedlings and they flowered up to 5 days later. Concentrations of PEG from 15 to 30 g·L–1 reduced elongation of marigold seedlings without negatively affecting germination, survival, or plant quality. It appears that marigold seedlings were shorter because of reduced leaf ψp and reductions in net photosynthesis.
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Bunpalwong, Manasanan, Meennapa Rukhiran, and Paniti Netinant. "Improving marigold agriculture with an IoT-driven greenhouse irrigation management control system." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 6 (2023): 3817–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v12i6.6300.
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In recent years, the internet of things (IoT) has been used to support the automated farming functions of greenhouses, preventing insects and pests, and stabilizing unsuitable weather and light conditions. Concerning an innovative IoT in agriculture, there are still a number of obstacles to enhancing greenhouses' effectiveness. This study presents the architecture, algorithms, and implementation of an IoT-based automated irrigation control system with temperature and humidity sensors. The system monitors relative humidity parameters using an internet-connected relay that controls irrigation. The relative humidity level is controlled by a 50% threshold. The effectiveness of marigold cultivation can be evaluated by means of marigold stem height, size, number of marigold flowers, and weight of the marigold harvest. The stimulating growth of marigolds is affected in every way by the differences between the proposed IoT system in a greenhouse and the conventional growing method outdoors. This contribution research validates the experimental findings to ensure that the air environment monitoring and irrigation control system consistently increases marigold yield.
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Sullivan, Cheryl Frank, Bruce L. Parker, and Margaret Skinner. "Marigold, Tagetes patula, a Trap Plant for Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, in Ornamental Bedding Plants Under Controlled Greenhouse Conditions." Insects 16, no. 3 (2025): 319. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16030319.
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Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) [Thysanoptera: Thripidae], is a destructive pest of greenhouse ornamentals. Flowering yellow marigolds, Tagetes patula (L.) [Asterales: Asteraceae], have been shown to be attractive to WFT, implicating their suitability as a trap plant. However, functionality may vary in part due to crop variety, the growth stage of the crop in which the marigold trap plant is deployed and whether or not the crop plants have flowers present. The attractiveness of yellow marigolds was tested within several varieties of mature, flowering ornamental bedding plants that were flowering or had their flowers removed: Calibrachoa spp. Petunia spp. Verbena spp., Osteospermum spp., Impatiens haekeri and other marigolds. Trials were conducted in cages under controlled greenhouse conditions for six weeks. The effectiveness of orange vs. yellow marigolds as a trap plant was also assessed. The results showed that WFT were attracted to flowering marigolds and, over time, were present in greater numbers on these than crop plants for all crop species and varieties tested at varying levels of significance. Yellow marigold trap plants were the least effective when deployed within other marigold varieties. In crops with flowers, it took up to five weeks for the number of WFT on trap plants to surpass numbers on crop plants. In contrast, in crop varieties with their flowers removed, trap plants attracted WFT earlier, within one to two weeks, and harbored them in greater numbers over time. Orange, flowering marigolds were a less effective trap plant compared to yellow marigolds. These results confirm that flowering yellow marigolds are attractive to WFT and have potential as a trap plant in greenhouse ornamentals, particularly when crop plants do not have flowers.
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Veñegas, Angel Grace, Judie Alingas, Reynald Suresca, Armigenia Benedicto, and Armando Abaño. "Physical Characteristics of Eggs from Layer Chicken Fed with Marigold (Tagetes erecta)." Virtutis Incunabula 7, no. 1 (2020): 69–80. https://doi.org/10.63173/3063gp98.
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The marigold flower, scientifically known as Tagetes erecta, contains carotenoids. A carotenoid is a group of pigments in vegetables, fruits, and flowers. It is widely used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries, which are identified to decrease egg cholesterol and increase yolk color. This experimental study evaluated the effectiveness of dried marigolds as a feed additive in enhancing the physical characteristics of chicken eggs, such as yolk color, weight, and size. Likewise, hen day egg data was also gathered to know its relationship with the different physical characteristics of an egg. Furthermore, this study aimed to determine the economic benefit of improving the physical characteristics of eggs of layer chicken fed with marigolds as a feed additive. Forty-eight culled layer chickens were used in a Randomized Complete Block Design with the following dietary treatments: five, ten, and 15 percent with four replications. Adding dried marigold petals mixed with pure commercial feeds affected the physical characteristics of eggs, such as their yolk color, size, and weight, which revealed highly significant results. Eggs of layer chickens fed with 15% dried marigold petals achieved the best yield in yolk color with the darkest shade of yellow-orange pigment, corresponding to a color value of 12.31. Furthermore, layer chickens fed with ten percent dried marigolds gained the heaviest egg weight with a mass of 69.04 grams, considered an “extra-large” size. Applying different percentages of dried marigold petals as a feed additive in the poultry diet effectively improved the physical characteristics of eggs, such as egg yolk color, egg weight, and egg size.
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Pudasaini, Mahesh, Nicole Viaene, and Maurice Moens. "Effect of marigold (Tagetes patula) on population dynamics of Pratylenchus penetrans in a field." Nematology 8, no. 4 (2006): 477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854106778613930.
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AbstractThe effect of a sequence of host and non-host crops on the population dynamics of Pratylenchus penetrans was monitored for 2 years in a field. The sequence was pea (Pisum sativum, 25% cv. Colombia and 75% cv. Coca), French marigolds (Tagetes patula nana cv. Sparky); fallow; carrot (Daucus carota, cv. Amsterdamse bak); bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Avignon) and again fallow. Samples were taken every 21 days during the marigold crop and following fallow, and at planting and harvest for the other crops. From five 2 × 5 m2 plots, 15 cores were taken per plot to a depth of 70 cm and split into seven segments of 10 cm each. Within the plots, segments from corresponding depths were pooled and nematodes were estimated from a 200 g subsample. Densities of P. penetrans increased 2.2-fold under pea, but decreased by 90% after marigolds had been grown for 105 days. The P. penetrans population was reduced by about 90% in the soil layer above 40 cm while the reduction was about 80% below 50 cm after 105 days of marigold culture. Densities of P. penetrans declined exponentially in time under marigold and fallow. The effect of marigold was persistent as no increase in P. penetrans densities over the whole soil profile was noticed after two crop cycles of host plants.
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Bergfield, W. A., D. N. Sasseville, and R. J. Kremer. "Effect of Benomyl Treatments on Marigold and Indigenous Rhizosphere Bacteria." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 680a—680. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.680a.
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The fungicide benomyl (formulated as Benlate 50 DF) has been implicated in damage to several crops grown under warm, moist conditions. Although the target pathogen may be controlled, occurrence of population shifts in rhizosphere bacteria has been documented, with benomyl application. A growth chamber study to investigate the effects of benomyl on marigold (Tagetes patula) and subsequent effects on the populations of rhizosphere bacteria of marigold was performed. A one pound per one hundred gallon rate as foliar and drench treatments were applied to marigolds. Plant growth data and rhizosphere bacteria populations were recorded. Repeated application of the benomyl treatments significantly reduced the marigold root and shoot mass, 44% and 67% respectively, compared to controls. Repeated foliar applications of benomyl also resulted in necrotic lesions on marigold leaf margins. Rhizosphere bacteria total numbers differed between treatments, having a greater population for the drench rate than the foliar rate. These results suggest application of benomyl may have harmful nontarget effects, leading to production problems associated with its use.
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Sonal Balasaheb Bangar, Sonal Balasaheb Bangar, Dnyaneshwari Bappa Misal Dnyaneshwari Bappa Misal, Sakshi Sunil Gaikwad Sakshi Sunil Gaikwad, et al. "A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemical and Medicinal Properties of Tagetes Erecta (Marigold)." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 10, no. 1 (2025): 514–24. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-1001514524.
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Tagetes erecta, commonly known as Marigold, has been reffered for its medicinal and cosmetic properties for centuries. Its flower extracts have been utilized in traditional medicine and skincare rituals for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. This review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge on the cosmetic applications of Tagetes erecta flower extracts, focusing on topical uses. The phytochemical constituents of Marigold, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and carotenoids, have been shown to protect the skin against UVinduced damage and oxidative stress, soothe irritated skin, and exhibit antimicrobial activity against acne-causing bacteria. The cosmetic industry can leverage Marigold's versatile properties to address various skin and hair concerns through innovative formulations. Future research directions include investigating Marigold's synergistic effects with other natural ingredients and assessing its stability and efficacy in commercial products. The potential benefits of Marigold extracts in cosmetic applications underscore the need for further investigation, paving the way for sustainable, natural, and effective skincare solutions. Exploring Marigold's cosmetic potential can facilitate the development of natural and effective skincare products.
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KHAN, F., M. IQBAL, M. MOHIBULLAH, SS AAMIR, and SA JATOI. "FLOWERING ANNUALS PRODUCTION BEHAVIOR AGAINST DIVERSE NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT." SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 55, no. 5 (2023): 1604–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.5.14.
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The marigold and zinnia are prominent in the horticulture industry and are widely growing flowering annuals in Pakistan. The well-timed study sought to investigate the effect of different fertilizer combinations on flowering annuals marigold and zinnia. The experiment comprised a completely randomized design with four replications during 2019 and 2020 at the Plant Genetic Resource Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan. The data included recording days to bud formation (DBF), days to flower persistence (DFP), flowers per plant (NFP), and days to flower senescence (DFS). Significant differences were recordable among the genotypes and treatments. Average DBF under applications of NPK fertilizers and Grow More + HB101 + Vitafeed (foliar application) revealed higher during the first year of study compared with the second year. The most effective foliar application treatment for DBF of marigold and zinnia resulted in 0.18 g Grow More + 0.18 g HB101 + 0.18 g Vitafeed. A higher number of DBF marigolds occurred for treatment 20% N + 16% P + 14% K, and the same emerged for NFP. Average days for flower persistence in marigold and zinnia were higher under manures application compared with NPK and foliar application. The higher number of DFP of both plants existed for treatment 75% leaf compost (LC) + 25% soil. The organic and inorganic fertilizers may help develop plant health, resistance to early flower senescence, and large flower size of both marigold and zinnia.
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Herik, Sugeru, Sularto Lana, Tintri Ediraras Dharma, Kozlova Nelli, and Himawati Ditiya. "Comparative Study of Marigold Potential (Tagetes spp.) in Russia and Indonesia: Agronomic and Economic Perspectives." Global Journal of Economic and Finance Research 02, no. 01 (2025): 19–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14624320.
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<strong>ABSTRACT:</strong> This comparative study examines the agronomic and economic potentials of marigold (Tagetes spp.) cultivation in Russia and Indonesia, two regions with contrasting climates and market dynamics. In Russia, marigold farming focuses on short-season, cold-tolerant varieties, leveraging greenhouse technology and advanced bioactive extraction methods to meet demands in pharmaceutical and ornamental markets. Conversely, Indonesia benefits from a tropical climate that supports year-round cultivation, producing marigolds rich in lutein and carotenoids, widely used in traditional ceremonies, cosmetics, and local ornamental markets. Agronomic assessments reveal Russia's higher production costs but competitive advantage in bioactive compound extraction, while Indonesia achieves greater net profits through lower production costs and higher yields. Despite climatic challenges, both countries capitalize on their unique resources and market demands—Russia's technological expertise complements Indonesia's biodiversity and cultural heritage.The study underscores the importance of adapting cultivation techniques and marketing strategies to regional conditions. Collaborative opportunities, such as technology exchange and joint market development, are recommended to enhance the global competitiveness of marigold products from both nations. The findings highlight the diverse applications and market potential of marigold, advocating for tailored approaches to maximize its value across varying agro-economic landscapes.
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Matin, Ana, Ivan Brandić, Tajana Krička, et al. "Sustainable disposal of waste from the flower industry." Environmental engineering 11, no. 1-2 (2025): 57–61. https://doi.org/10.37023/ee.11.1-2.10.
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Rapid urbanization around the world, exponential population growth and industrialization have made waste management a challenge that is increasing every day. Floral waste is a major problem because flowers play an important role in people's lives, beautifying interiors and landscapes and promoting human health. However, flowers are perishable and complex plant organisms that need to be handled and stored properly to maintain their value and quality. Despite the wide distribution of flower species, especially the marigold, only part of the plant is used, usually only the petals, while the larger part remains unused and becomes waste. Therefore, the question arises whether the residues that remain after the use of marigold flowers in various industries, especially in the production of marigold cream, can be used for energy production. For this reason, yellow and orange marigold biomass was used in this work. The basic physical and energetic properties were determined according to the given standards, namely the content of water, ash, coke, fixed carbon and volatile matter, as well as the upper and lower heating value and the content of C, H, N and S. The results obtained showed that for the sustainable disposal of biomass used for energy production, it is better to use yellow marigolds instead of orange ones, as they contain agreater amount of biomass. It was also proven that marigold biomass, with its high carbon content and good calorific value, is a good raw material for energy utilization.
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Mirabello, R. A., A. E. Einert, G. L. Klingaman, and R. W. McNew. "Nutrient Availability in Mulched Landscape Plantings." HortScience 33, no. 4 (1998): 603c—603. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.603c.
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To examine the effects of mulching and fertilization on nutrient availability and plant growth in landscape beds, plots were established using four mulches (cottonseed hulls, cypress wood, pine bark, pine straw) and three fertilizer application methods (granular, liquid, time-release). Fertilizer was applied either below the mulch on the soil surface or over the mulch surface. Marigolds, Tagetes erecta L., were planted during the summer, followed by pansies, Viola×wittrockiana Gams, during the winter. Applied fertilizers, existing soil nutrients, and water-soluble nutrients from the new mulch provided an adequate supply of nutrients for marigold growth. Placement of fertilizer above or below the mulch did not affect marigold growth. Pansy growth was limited by depletion of soil N during the marigold season and by leaching of applied nutrients in the winter while plants were not actively growing. Mulch lowered soil temperatures and slowed pansy recovery in the spring. Pine straw allowed soil temperatures to rise earlier in the spring and improved pansy growth.
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Kurniawan, Jovine Marcella, Melisa Megawati Yusuf, Heriyanto Heriyanto, and Tatas Hardo Panintingjati Brotosudarmo. "Telaah Literatur Potensi Lutein dari Bunga Marigold Lokal sebagai Suplemen Kesehatan." Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan 30, no. 2 (2020): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v30i2.2874.
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Abstract
 Lutein is a type of xanthophyll that accumulated predominantly in eye macula, and is distributed in several parts of the human body, such as skin and brain. Lutein accumulation in the human body is associated with the health benefits of lutein, including being an antioxidant and protecting, the eyes and skin from exposure to blue light, and playing an important role to maintain human cognitive health. Lutein cannot be synthesized by human, so consumption of lutein can be obtained from foods such as fruits and green vegetables, as well as from supplements. The purpose of writing this article was to increase awareness of the importance of adequate lutein intake early in the body, as well as increased research interest in exploring local resources as a potential source of lutein, the Mega Orange marigold from Bali as a raw material for health supplements. The potential lutein article as health supplement was prepared by reviewing articles from international journals and followed by testing the composition of carotenoids in Mega Orange marigolds and a health supplement product by HPLC analysis. Various studies and article publications regarding the health benefits of lutein have been found in the last decade. There are at least two main benefits of lutein, namely as an antioxidant and to maintain the health of organs such as the eyes, brain and skin. Meanwhile, the local marigold flower variety of Mega Orange contains carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin up to 13.88 mg/g dry weight, and this result is in the range of lutein concentrations in marigold flowers that grow in Thailand. Mega Orange marigold is a potential source of lutein that can be used as raw materials for health supplement products. The importance of lutein intake for the human body makes the use of lutein from local marigolds in the manufacture of health supplements needs to be optimized and utilized.
 Abstrak
 Lutein termasuk jenis xantofil yang terakumulasi secara dominan pada makula, serta terdistribusi pada beberapa bagian tubuh manusia seperti kulit dan otak. Akumulasi lutein pada tubuh manusia dikaitkan dengan manfaat kesehatan lutein, diantaranya sebagai antioksidan serta melindungi mata dan kulit dari paparan sinar biru, dan memainkan peranan penting untuk menjaga kesehatan kognitif manusia. Lutein tidak dapat disintesis oleh manusia, sehingga konsumsi lutein dapat diperoleh dari makanan seperti buah dan sayuran hijau, serta dari suplemen. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya kecukupan asupan lutein sejak dini dalam tubuh, serta menambah minat penelitian akan eksplorasi sumber daya lokal yang sebagai sumber potensial lutein yaitu bunga marigold Mega Orange dari Pulau Bali sebagai bahan baku suplemen kesehatan. Artikel potensi lutein sebagai suplemen kesehatan ini disusun dengan menelaah artikel-artikel pada jurnal internasional dan diikuti dengan pengujian komposisi karotenoid pada bunga marigold Mega Orange dan satu produk suplemen kesehatan dengan analisis Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT). Berbagai penelitian dan publikasi artikel mengenai manfaat kesehatan lutein telah banyak ditemukan dalam dekade terakhir. Setidaknya terdapat dua manfaat utama lutein, yaitu sebagai antioksidan dan untuk menjaga kesehatan organ tubuh seperti mata, kulit, dan otak. Adapun, bunga marigold lokal varietas Mega Orange mengandung karotenoid lutein dan zeaksantin hingga 13,88 mg/g berat kering, dan hasil ini berada pada rentang konsentrasi lutein dalam bunga marigold yang tumbuh di Thailand. Bunga marigold Mega Orange merupakan sumber potensial lutein yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku produk suplemen kesehatan. Pentingnya asupan lutein bagi tubuh manusia menjadikan pemanfaatan lutein dari bunga marigold lokal dalam pembuatan suplemen kesehatan perlu dioptimalkan dan dimanfaatkan.
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Joshi, Dipesh, Govinda Rizal, and Prakash Awasthi. "IMPACT OF PINCHING ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.)." Environment & Ecosystem Science 6, no. 1 (2022): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ees.01.2022.34.38.
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Marigold, a member of the Asteraceae family, is a popular ornamental plant grown throughout the world, including Nepal. The color and size of the flowers on marigold plants vary. Marigold plants can reach a height of 5 feet, but pinching procedures can lower this, allowing the intercultural operation to continue. Tagetes erecta L. is one of the most well-known marigold varieties in Nepal. Pinching is a technique for breaking apical dominance and redirecting energy to increase blossom production. Different experiments including treatments like no pinch, single pinch, and double pinches were reviewed to evaluate the effect of pinching on the growth and yield of marigolds. The effect of pinching on marigold growth and yield was investigated by comparing parameters such as plant height, number of branches per plant, number of flowers per plant, and flower size of pinched and unpinched (healthy) plants. The height of the unpinched plant was found to be 25% higher than that of the pinched. When plants are pinched, their apical dominance is broken, which encourages the plant to generate lateral branches and become bushy Because the majority of the nutrition is dislocated from the apical region of the plant when it is pinched; no pinched plants have fewer branches than pinched plants. Pinching stimulates cell division, cell size, leaf area, and photosynthetic compound production, which affects branch formation and, as a result, flower production. According to the results from various trials, double pinching resulted in the highest increase in plant height, number of branches, number of flowers per plant, and bloom size when compared to no pinching.
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Mishra, Dilip Kumar. "Therapeutic Benefits and Processing of Marigold (Tagetes Species)." Indian Journal of Health Care Medical & Pharmacy Practice 5, no. 1 (2024): 148–66. https://doi.org/10.59551/ijhmp/25832069/2024.5.1.190.
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Marigold (Tagetes species) has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and more recently in modern therapeutic applications. This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic benefits and processing methods of various Tagetes species. It explores the phytochemical composition of marigolds, focusing on key bioactive compounds such as lutein, zeaxanthin, and essential oils. The review discusses the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties of marigold extracts, supported by in vitro and in vivo studies. Potential applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and cancer prevention are also covered. Various processing techniques, including advanced extraction methods, are evaluated for their efficiency in isolating bioactive compounds. Additionally, the safety and toxicity profiles of marigold preparations are addressed, along with their potential interactions with conventional medications. The review examines current market trends and future prospects for marigoldbased products in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. This comprehensive review aims to provide researchers, healthcare professionals, and industry stakeholders with a thorough understanding of the therapeutic potential and processing considerations of Tagetes species, highlighting areas for future research and development.
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Davis, Tim D. "Post-production Performance of Uniconazole-treated Zinnia and Marigold Plugs." HortTechnology 1, no. 1 (1991): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.1.1.49.
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Plugs of Zinnia elegans Jacq. `California Giant' and Tagetes erecta L. `Golden Climax' and `Grange Lady' were treated with foliar sprays of uniconazole solutions at 0, 5, 25, or 50 mg·liter-1 (spray volume = 120 ml·m-2). Ten days later individual plants were transplanted to OS-liter pots for evaluation of subsequent growth and flowering. All uniconazole treatments reduced height 10 days after application; the extent of reduction depended on uniconazole spray concentration. With zinnia, only the 50-mg·liter-1 foliar spray caused undesirable stunting for at least 1 month after transplanting. None of the uniconazole treatments affected time to anthesis for zinnia. With both marigold cultivars, all uniconazole treatments reduced growth the 2 weeks following transplanting. The highest concentration reduced marigold shoot growth during this period to 25% to 30% of untreated controls. Between 2 and 4 weeks after transplanting growth of all uniconazole-treated marigolds recovered to levels similar to the control. Time to anthesis was increased by the 50 mg·liter-1 treatment for both marigold cultivars. These results suggest that foliar sprays of uniconazole at 5 to 25 mg·liter-1 can control plug height during production without adversely affecting subsequent growth and flowering. with both zinnia and marigold, a single GA3 foliar spray of 100 mg·liter-1 at transplanting partially reversed the adverse post-production effects of the 50 mg·liter-1 uniconazole foliar spray.
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Ahmad, Sohail, Waseem Ahmed, Adil Mihoub, et al. "Developmental, Phytochemical and Enzymatic Changes in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) cvs. Hybrid and French with Salicylic Acid (SA) and Polyamine Spermidine (SP) Foliar Spray." Agronomy 13, no. 1 (2023): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010191.
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Marigolds (Calendula officinalis L.) are valuable in ornamentation, human food, and other uses; to enhance productivity, plant growth regulators produce stimulatory effects, including salicylic acid (SA) and spermidine (SP), but there is a lack of scientific evidence about such effects in marigolds. The study assessed, under greenhouse conditions, changes in physico-chemical parameters, enzymatic activity, and bioactive compounds of marigold cvs. Hybrid and French marigolds were sprayed of SA (1 and 2 mM) and SP (2 and 3 mM) and compared to control (pure water). The SA at 2 mM improved leaf length (8.20 cm), flower height and diameter (5.32, 8.28 cm), flower fresh and dry weight (14.30, 1.5 g), and the maximum number of flower petals (55) in ‘Hybrid’. Similarly, 2 mM SA gave the maximum number of leaves (40.71) and stem thickness (5.76 mm) in ‘French’, but 3 mM SP promoted the maximum plant height in ‘Hybrid’. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities increased in ‘Hybrid’ with 2 mM SA; with this SA dose, ‘Hybrid’ had higher contents of total phenolic compounds (68.34 mg GAE g−1), antioxidants (77%), carotenoids (110 mg 100 g−1), and flavonoids (67.5 mg RE g−1) than the control. The best dose for improving growth in both marigold varieties was 2 mM SA.
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Sun, Youping, Genhua Niu, Christina Perez, H. Brent Pemberton, and James Altland. "Responses of Marigold Cultivars to Saline Water Irrigation." HortTechnology 28, no. 2 (2018): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03981-18.
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Marigolds (Tagetes sp.) are ornamental plants with fine-textured, dark green foliage, and yellow, orange, or bicolored flowers. The relative salt tolerance of eight marigolds [‘Discovery Orange’, ‘Discovery Yellow’, ‘Taishan Gold’, ‘Taishan Orange’, and ‘Taishan Yellow’ african marigold (Tagetes erecta); ‘Hot Pak Gold’, ‘Hot Pak Orange’, and ‘Hot Pak Yellow’ french marigold (Tagetes patula)] was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. Plants were irrigated weekly with nutrient solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.2 dS·m−1 (control) or saline solutions at an EC of 3.0 or 6.0 dS·m−1 (EC 3 or EC 6). Marigold plants began to show foliar salt damage (leaf burn and necrosis) at 6 weeks after the initiation of treatment. At harvest (9 weeks after the initiation of treatment), ‘Discovery Orange’, ‘Discovery Yellow’, ‘Taishan Gold’, and ‘Taishan Yellow’ plants exhibited severe foliar salt damage with visual scores less than 2 (on a scale of 0 to 5, with 0 = dead and 5 = excellent with no foliar salt damage) in EC 6. In the same treatment, ‘Hot Pak Gold’ and ‘Taishan Orange’ plants all died and only one of nine ‘Hot Pak Orange’ and ‘Hot Pak Yellow’ plants survived. In EC 3, all cultivars had slight or minimal foliar salt damage with visual scores ≈4 with the exception of Taishan Gold and Taishan Orange plants that showed moderate foliar damage with a visual score of 2.3 and 2.1, respectively. Treatment EC 3 reduced the flower number of ‘Discovery Orange’, ‘Discovery Yellow’, ‘Hot Pak Gold’, and ‘Hot Pak Yellow’ by 52%, 28%, 50%, and 30%, respectively, whereas EC 6 decreased the flower number of ‘Discovery Orange’ and ‘Discovery Yellow’ by 48% and 52%, respectively. In addition, both EC 3 and EC 6 did not reduce total dry weight (DW) of any cultivars, except Hot Pak Yellow and Taishan Yellow. In conclusion, all marigold cultivars are moderately sensitive to salt. ‘Discovery Orange’, ‘Taishan Yellow’, ‘Discovery Yellow’, and ‘Taishan Gold’ were more tolerant than ‘Hot Pak Gold’, ‘Hot Pak Orange’, ‘Hot Pak Yellow’, and ‘Taishan Orange’.
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Mehta, Aman, Rijwan Sai, Rakesh Bhujel, Navina Yadav, and Sneha Khanal. "Effects of fermented banana pseudo-stem sap (Musa acuminata L.) on the growth and yield attributing characters of marigold variety Karma 555-Orange." Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology 4, no. 2 (2023): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jaab.04.02.02.
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The high cost of marigold production through the application of synthetic fertilizers and micronutrients is a major concern for Nepalese farmers. Every year, the nutrient-rich banana pseudo-stems are wasted after harvest. Utilizing the banana’s pseudo-stem for increasing marigold productivity through sustainable agricultural practices, an experiment was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of banana pseudo-stem sap (BPS) to be applied by foliar spraying to marigold variety (Karma 555 – Orange). The BPS was mixed and enriched with different ingredients, such as cow urine, cow dung, neem leaf, green gram leaf, pulse flour, vermin-liquor, jaggery, and fermented curd. The mixture was incubated under anaerobic conditions before applying the foliar spray. The study was carried out in a completely randomized block design, with three replications and seven treatments. The treatments were 0.5 % BPS, 1 % BPS, 2 % BPS, 3 % BPS, 4 % BPS, 5 % BPS, and the control. Data were recorded at 50, 70, and 90 days after transplantation (DAT). Among the treatments, the 3 % BPS solution showed significant effects on most of the growth parameters: plant height (85.07 cm), plant spread (63.47 cm) at 5% level at 90 DAT, and yield attributes such as the number of flowers per plant (74.00) at 5% level, individual flower weight (8.10 g), individual flower diameter (7.55 cm), and flower yield (597.25 g plant-1) at 1% level of significance respectively. It was found that growth and yield attributes increased with increasing concentrations of BPS up to 3 % and decreased thereafter. According to the results, foliar spray of marigold with 3 % BPS (enriched solution) resulted in the highest yield and yield components of marigold in the Chitwan area which could be an effective alternative to synthetic hormones for enhancing the growth and quality of marigolds under field conditions.
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Rind, S. H., A. A. Gilal, L. B. Rajput, and I. A. Nizamani. "Selected Botanicals and Sticky Traps for the Management of <em>Thrips tabaci</em> in Onions (<em>Allium cepa</em> L.) as Good Agricultural Practices." Journal of Agricultural Sciences – Sri Lanka 20, no. 1 (2025): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.4038/jas.v20i1.9455.
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Purpose: Thrips tabaci (Lindeman, 1889) is a polyphagous and severe sucking pest of onions causing huge economic losses. Although widely used, synthetic pesticides are less effective against it along with additional concerns to humans and the environment. Therefore, various good agricultural practices (GAP) were evaluated against it under field conditions.Research Method: Treatments used were GAP1= Marigold (trap crop) and Blue sticky trap; GAP2= Marigold and Aloe vera (botanical pesticide); GAP3= Blue sticky trap and Aloe vera; GAP4= Marigold, Aloe vera, and Blue sticky trap and Control (conventional farmer’s plot). Phulkara onion variety was used in the study. The plantation of marigolds and installation of blue sticky traps were done with the transplanting of onions. Aloe vera and synthetic pesticide i.e., Pirate 360 G/L (Chlorfenapyre) were applied depending on the threshold of T. tabaci.Findings: All the GAPs used effectively managed the T. tabaci population on onions. Overall, the lowest T. tabaci population was observed in GAP4- Marigold, Aloe vera, and Blue sticky trap (12.6±0.3 thrips per plant), not significantly different from GAP3- Blue sticky trap and Aloe vera (12.9±0.4 thrips per plant) and control (13.6±0.5 thrips per plant). The GAP1- Marigold and Blue sticky trap treatment suffered the highest T. tabaci population (34.1±1.1 thrips per plant). Maximum onion yield was recorded in control (2597.6±73.8 kegs per ha) but not significantly different from GAP4 (2484.2±59.2 kegs per ha), whereas the lowest yield was recorded in GAP1 (1933.6±46.0 kegs per ha). The cost-benefit ratio of the two best treatments (GAP4 and control) was recorded as 3.05 and 2.53, respectively.Originality: GAP4 should be adopted for better T. tabaci management in onions to get a higher profit margin.
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Pasian, C. C., and M. A. Bennett. "192 Controlling Early Growth of Marigold and Tomato Plugs." HortScience 34, no. 3 (1999): 475C—475. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.475c.
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Some transplanted crops, like tomato and marigolds, tend to stretch very early after germination, especially if grown in low light environments. By the time growers apply growth regulators (PGRs), the stretching of the hypocotyl has already occurred and sprays are ineffective. Seeds of marigold `Bonanza Gold' and tomato `Sun 6108' were soaked for 6, 16, and 24 h in paclobutrazol solutions of 0, 500, and 1000 ppm. After imbibition, seeds were dried for 24 h before sowing in plugs. Sixteen, 26, and 36 days after sowing, seedling height and percent emergence were measured. Increasing concentrations of PGR and time of imbibition produced shorter seedlings. Tomato seedling heights measured 36 days after sowing were 1.9, 1.5, and 1.7 cm when imbibed in water for 6, 16, and 24 h, respectively. When PGR was used at 500 ppm, seedling heights were: 1.4, 1.2, and 1.2 cm, respectively. Similar reductions were observed for marigolds. It was hypothesized that some seeds have coats that are impermeable to PGRs. These impermeable coats might serve as PGR carriers, delivering the chemical into the growing medium of the plug cell. When the root emerges from the seed, it absorbs the growth regulator. These preliminary results indicate that this method of PGR application may be feasible and could benefit plug growers of marigold and other ornamental plant species prone to early stretching (e.g., cosmos).
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Котов, С. А., and Т. М. Гонтова. "Study of the correlation between the content of polyphenols in different combinations of plant extracts and their antioxidant activity of a multicomponent herbal medicine with antiallergic effect." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 5 (October 29, 2022): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.5.22.07.
Full textAbstract:
Combinations of medicinal plants ensure the collective work of several active components, which can lead to an additive or synergistic effect. We have chosen the bur-marigold-calendula-hawthorn combination to obtain an antiallergic herbal medicine, in which the bur-marigold is the main plant, calendula is a helper plant that helps in the fight against accompanying symptoms, and hawthorn harmonizes the action of the first 2 plants.
 The aim of the work – the study of possible synergistic interactions in a multicomponent herbal antiallergic preparation by calculating the correlation between the content of polyphenols in various combinations of plant extracts and their antioxidant activity.
 Both individual extracts of a bur-marigold herb, calendula flowers and hawthorn leaves and flowers and a combined target extract with the ratio of herbal drugs (6:3:1) were obtained. Two and three component ompositions were obtained by mixing extracts in appropriate ratios. The content of polyphenols was determined by SPhU 2.0, 2.8.14. The antioxidant activity was determined by the neocuproin method. The Pearson Correlation was used to calculate the relationship between the content of polyphenols in extracts and their antioxidant activity.
 The maximum amount of polyphenols was found in the hawthorn extract (7.2%), in the bur-marigolg extract – 5.5%, and in the calendula extract – 3.4%. When adding calendula extract to the bur-marigold extract, the antioxidant activity was expected to decrease, thus an additive effect is observed; for the combination of bur-marigold /hawthorn 1:0.5, an increase in antioxidant activity (110.6%) was observed compared to the expected value, which may be synergism; for the combination of calendula/hawthorn, an increase in activity was observed. For 3-component combinations, it was found that only the combination of bur-marigold/calendula/hawthorn 1:0.5:0.5 showed greater activity (112%) than the target extract, all others combinations showed activity within the limits of possible variations (± 10%) of the components. When calculating the correlation between the content of polyphenols in the combinations and their activity using the Pearson coefficient, a strong positive correlation was found.
 The correlation between the content of polyphenols in various combinations of plant extracts and their antioxidant activity of a multicomponent herbal antiallergic preparation was studied. In 2-component combinations an additive effect was found when determining antioxidant activity, and an assumption was made about the ability of a synergism only for a combination of bur-marigold/hawthorn 1:0.5. All analyzed 3-component compositions showed antioxidant activity within the limits of possible variations (± 10%) of the components. A strong positive correlation was found between the content of polyphenols in the combinations and their activity.
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Cole, Janet C., and John M. Dole. "Leaching Characteristics of P From Four Fertilizer Sources in a Container Nursery Growing Medium." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 794D—794. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.794d.
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A 3 pine bark: 1 peatmoss: 1 sand (by volume) medium was amended with 7.7 g P as superphosphate, triple superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, or controlled-release ammonium phosphate per 1000 g medium (3.8 liters). The medium was then leached with 250, 350, or 450 ml distilled, deionized water daily for 25 days. Phosphorus leaching curves were then generated for each fertilizer. A subsequent study determined the effect of these four P fertilizers on growth of marigold seedlings in the greenhouse. Superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and ammonium phosphate rapidly leached from the medium, while the controlled-release ammonium phosphate was retained for a longer time. Marigold growth was not affected by fertilizer type; however, marigolds grown in P-amended media were larger than those grown without P. These studies indicate that amending container growing medium with superphosphate or triple superphosphate prior to planting may not be cost-effective.
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Gopal, G. Venu, N. Venkateshwar Rao, L. Mahesh, D. Srinivas Reddy, and J. Vijay. "Feasibility Study of Marigold as Intercrop in Drumstick Cultivation for Interim Income Generation." Archives of Current Research International 24, no. 9 (2024): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i9898.
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Drumstick (Moringa oliefera Lam.) PKM-1(Annual) is an important perennial vegetable crop present cultivating in India not only as vegetable and for moringa leaf powder. India is the main producer of drumstick in the world because higher contribution is due to favourable temperature during flowering and fruit development stages. Even though encountered several production hurdles resulting greater yield loss due to existing climatic conditions during fruit developmental stages. But this crop gave them perfect assurance in giving good income in an average about 2-3 Lakhs rupees over a period of 2 years. Based on weather conditions farmers were being come forwarded by training programmes conducted by our KVK from 2017-till date, we have documented the farmers results by growing intercrops mainly marigold crop. Which gives good yield and good income to the farmers before pod formation of drumstick. Marigold is 110 days crop where drumstick gives first yield after 7 months. In between marigold crop not only giving accountable benefits to the farmers and it reduces the nematode problems in the field as well explained by Steiner, 1941 Marigold (Tagetes erecta) is one of the most widely studied plant genera due to its allelopathic potential against PPNs. Marigolds’ repressive impact on nematodes has been documented for over 50 years and some studies said that spiral (Helicotylenchus multicinctus) nematodes are responsible for yield losses of 30–60% in many banana-producing countries in the tropics (Davide, 1995, Speijer and Kajumba, 1996, Kashaija et al., 2004) . The partner crops of the intercropping system share space, water, and nutrients making the most efficient utilization of available resources (Xu et al., 2020). Earlier farmers were paddy growers where they didn’t see profits by selling paddy in IKP centers or as individual sales. So We conducted trails in Huzurabad Division and Errabelli villages of Karimnagar District (Old Karimnagar District), got successful results by doubling the farmer’s income. Raised marigold seedlings in KVK during June month and supplied to the farmers. Transplanted marigold and Drumstick in July month with 60cm x60cm and Drumstick spacing was 3mx3m where 444 plants were accommodated in one acre area, Intercropping is an agricultural system that improves land use efficiency through simultaneous cultivation of more different crops in the same field using functional complementarity to increase resources utilization, increase the productivity of crops and nutrient-use efficiency (Chifflot et al., 2006; Zhan and Li, 2003) Even went through many hurdles in marigold and drumstick crops in rainy season due to paddy growing soils and water logging conditions. In this, observed positive effects on soil carbon and nitrogen of intercropping found in previous intercropping studies (Makumba et al., 2007), [1]. Results are as follows we harvested 36.80Q per acre in 8 pickings and after drumstick pods harvested from February up to June 134 pods per tree. It shows C: B ratio as drumstick (PKM1) contribution 1:11.7 and marigold (Tanindo (Yellow and Orange) contribution 1:4.3 to the farmers. The demonstration plots reported that yield of marigold and drumsticks are 38.6Q and 49.58Q per acre. Farmers got good income Rs. 2, 74,160.00 through two crops in one acre area with Marigold as inter crop in Drumstick plantation. Based on this success story of the farmers, NABARD bank started giving loans to the farmers and they published this success story in their credit linkage plan 2018-19.
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Khayum, Arshad, Ayesha Siddiqua, Sima A. Sarvade, P. Tanuja, and Jige Sandipan Babasaheb. "Enhancing the Value Chain of Marigold: Cultivation, Challenges, and Diverse Applications." Plant Science Archives 8, no. 1 (2023): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51470/psa.2023.8.1.18.
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Marigold (Tagetes spp.) is a versatile plant renowned for its vibrant flowers and multifaceted applications across various industries. This review explores the value addition of marigold, emphasizing their economic and therapeutic potential. The phytochemical composition of marigold, rich in carotenoids, flavonoids, and essential oils, underpins its diverse applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and the food industry. Marigold extracts exhibit significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, making them valuable in medicinal and cosmetic formulations. In agriculture, marigold serves as a natural pest repellent and soil conditioner. Additionally, the use of marigold in food products as a natural colorant and flavor enhancer is gaining traction.
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Parklak, Wason, Sakaewan Ounjaijean, Kanokwan Kulprachakarn та Kongsak Boonyapranai. "In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effects, Antioxidant Activities, and Lutein Content of Nine Different Cultivars of Marigold Flowers (Tagetes spp.)". Molecules 28, № 8 (2023): 3314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083314.
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Marigolds (Tagetes spp.) are major sources of bioactive compounds. The flowers are used to treat a variety of illnesses and have both antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. However, marigolds exhibit a wide range of genetic variations. Because of this, both the bioactive compounds and biological activities of the plants differ between cultivars. In the present study, nine marigold cultivars grown in Thailand were evaluated for their bioactive compound content, as well as for their antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, using spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that the Sara Orange cultivar possessed the highest total carotenoid content (431.63 mg/100 g). However, Nata 001 (NT1) had the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (161.17 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (20.05 mg QE/g), and lutein (7.83 mg/g), respectively. NT1 exhibited strong activities against the DPPH radical and ABTS radical cation, and had the highest FRAP value as well. Moreover, NT1 demonstrated the most significant (p < 0.05) α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects (IC50 values of 2.57 and 3.12 mg/mL, respectively). The nine marigold cultivars had reasonable correlations between lutein content and the capacity to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Hence, NT1 may be a good source of lutein; it may also be beneficial in both functional food production and medical applications.
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Gibbs, Jennifer. "from Marigold." Massachusetts Review 60, no. 1 (2019): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mar.2019.0016.
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Wu, Di, Juanjuan Wu, Xinying Cheng, et al. "A research of marigold flavonoids from marigold residues." Industrial Crops and Products 191 (January 2023): 115898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115898.
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Cai, Xingfu, Juanjuan Wu, Yunhe Lian, et al. "Characterization and Discrimination of Marigold Oleoresin from Different Origins Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking and Multivariate Statistical Analysis." Metabolites 14, no. 4 (2024): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo14040225.
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Marigold oleoresin is an oil-soluble natural colorant mainly extracted from marigold flowers. Xinjiang of China, India, and Zambia of Africa are the three main production areas of marigold flowers. Therefore, this study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) technology, combined with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and multivariate statistical analysis, for the qualitative and discriminant analysis of marigold oleoresin obtained from three different regions. Firstly, 83 compounds were identified in these marigold oleoresin samples. Furthermore, the results of a principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated significant differences in the chemical compositions of the marigold oleoresin samples from different regions. Finally, 12, 23, and 38 differential metabolites were, respectively, identified by comparing the marigold oleoresin from Africa with Xinjiang, Africa with India, and Xinjiang with India. In summary, these results can be used to distinguish marigold oleoresin samples from different regions, laying a solid foundation for further quality control and providing a theoretical basis for assessing its safety and nutritional aspects.
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Kurniawan, Albertus Edy, and Andree Wijaya Setiawan. "Uji Efektivitas Tanaman Refugia dalam Menurunkan Intensitas Serangan Lalat Buah pada Cabai Rawit." Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa dan Pertanian 9, no. 2 (2024): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v9i2.1110.
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Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are pests that attack cayenne peppers, with attacks reaching 100%. Generally, farmers use synthetic insecticides, but in the long term this can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem and trigger pest outbreaks and resistance—integrated pest control by planting refugia as a micro-habitat for natural enemies. Marigolds and zinnias were chosen as refugia plants. The aim of the research was to determine the types of fruit flies that attack chili plants, the symptoms of fruit fly attacks on chili fruit, the effectiveness of marigold and zinnia plants in reducing the intensity of chili plant attacks, and external factors that influence the efficacy of refugia marigold and zinnia plants. The research was conducted in July – October 2023 in Jlarem Village, Gladaksari District, Boyolali Regency, using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with four treatments, namely control, marigold, zinnia, and a combination of both, using six replications so that there were 24 experimental units with ten plants in each experimental unit. This research used a hygrometer thermometer (HTC2), camera, net, and binocular microscope. Observation variables include the type of fruit fly, attack symptoms, attack intensity, and external factors. The types of fruit flies found in the study area were Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera umbrosa, and Bactrocera carambolae. Symptoms that arise due to fruit fly attacks on chili fruit are black spots on the skin of the fruit, which become more expansive over time, causing the fruit to rot and fall prematurely. Refugia planting effectively reduced the intensity of fruit fly attacks, with the lowest attack intensity in the combination treatment of marigold and zinnia at 22.16%. Several external factors influence the effectiveness of refugia in controlling fruit flies, namely environmental temperature and humidity and the types of plants growing around the cultivated land.
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Ortiz, Anthony M., Brent S. Sipes, Susan C. Miyasaka, and Alton S. Arakaki. "Green Manure Crops for Management of Meloidogyne javanica and Pythium aphanidermatum." HortScience 50, no. 1 (2015): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.1.90.
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To determine the potential to suppress root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica, 10 genotypes of seven green manure species were evaluated in a greenhouse study. These species were: black hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.); canola (Brassica napus L.); cabbage (B. oleracea L.); French marigold (Tagetes patula L.), sorghum–sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench nothosubsp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse]; sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.); and yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.). Plants were inoculated with eggs of M. javanica and after 6 weeks, nematode eggs and reproduction factor (Rf = final egg population density/initial egg population density) were determined. Marigolds were non-hosts to M. javanica; other crop species that were poor hosts to M. javanica included canola cv. Dwarf Essex, sorghum–sudangrass cvs. Piper and Sordan 79, black hollyhock cv. Nigra, and sunn hemp. Based on low Rf, four groups of species were selected for further evaluation in the greenhouse to determine the response to both M. javanica and another crop pathogen, Pythium aphanidermatum. These four groups of green manure crops were: 1) seven marigold genotypes; 2) four Brassicaceae genotypes; 3) seven sorghum–sudangrass hybrids; and 4) four other species [black hollyhock, sunn hemp, elecampane (Inula helenium L.), and black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta L.)]. Plants were inoculated with a factorial combination of M. javanica and P. aphanidermatum (none, each alone, and in combination) and repeated four times in a split-plot experimental design (whole plots were factorial treatments and subplots were green manure crop genotypes). Six weeks after inoculation, plants were harvested and measured for fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots and Rf of M. javanica. Adverse effects of P. aphanidermatum were characterized by dead or dying roots and measured by reduced plant biomass. Negative synergistic effects were observed in several marigold and Brassicaceae genotypes, in which the combined effects of M. javanica and P. aphanidermatum reduced shoot and root growth more severely than either treatment alone. Marigold T. erecta cv. Orangeade, sorghum–sudangrass cvs. Graze-All, Piper, and Sordan 79, and sunn hemp appeared to be resistant to M. javanica and P. aphanidermatum, either alone or in combination. Based on results of greenhouse trials, eight green manure crops (yellow mustard cv. Ida Gold, French marigolds cvs. Nema-gone and Golden Guardian, sorghum–sudangrass cvs. Sordan 79 and Tastemaker, sunn hemp, unplanted plot, and a control plot with weed mat) were selected and grown for 3 months in a field trial in Pepeekeo, HI. Each treatment was replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Shoot biomass was sampled at 1, 2, and 3 months after planting. Plant–parasitic nematodes were counted before planting and at 4 months after planting. Dry weight biomass averaged across three sampling dates was greatest for the two sorghum–sudangrass hybrids followed by those of two marigold cultivars that did not differ from them. No significant differences in populations of root-knot nematodes were found. Based on this field trial as well as greenhouse trials, marigold cultivars, sorghum–sudangrass hybrids, and sunn hemp appeared to be non-hosts or poor hosts to reniform (Rotylenchulus reniformis) as well as root-knot nematodes and well adapted to the environmental conditions found along the Hamakua Coast of the Hawaii Island.
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Oktavyan Dwi Irianto, Noor Rizkiyah, Muhammad Azriel Yahya, Nadhif Syathiril Anwar, and Elvin Syah Huzaimi. "Implementasi Pertanian Organik Pada Proses Budidaya Dan Penanganan Pascapanen Bunga Marigold Di UPT Pelatihan Pertanian Singosari." Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Ilmu Pertanian 2, no. 1 (2024): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.59581/jtpip-widyakarya.v2i1.2490.
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The implementation of organic farming on marigold flowers at the Singosari Agricultural Training UPT starts from the initial phase of cultivating marigold flowers using organic products, namely Rice Mol, Banana Weevil Mol, PGPR, POC and others. The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of organic farming on marigold flowers at the Singosari Agricultural Training UPT and to determine the process of processing products from marigold flowers at the Singosari Agricultural Training UPT. The method used in this research is observation and interviews with related parties. The results of this research are the implementation of organic farming on Marigold flowers at the Singosari Agricultural Training UPT starting from the initial phase of Marigold flower cultivation using organic products, namely Rice Mol, Banana Weevil Mol, PGPR, POC and others. The processing of marigold flowers that has been carried out is that the flowers that have been harvested are processed in the form of washing, separating the flower heads, drying and packaging.
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Shinta, Mas Arya. "Uji Aktivitas Repelen Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Marigold (Tagetes erecta) Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti." Pharmauho: Jurnal Farmasi, Sains, dan Kesehatan 6, no. 2 (2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/pharmauho.v6i2.13339.
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AbstractAedes aegypti mosquitoes are vectors of dengue fever caused by dengue virus infection. Marigold flower (Tagetes erecta) is a multipurpose plant, marigold flower has a distinctive smell that is widely used as an insect repellent plant. Marigold flower contains a compound of secondary metabolites that potentially have an effect as a natural insecticide. This study was conducted with a complete random draft by taking five treatments, namely: one negative control group (K-), three treatment groups (p1, P2, P3), and one positive control group (K+). The test results portray the marigold flower ethanol extract has a protection power of 0% on K-; 41.67% on P1; 71.67% on P2; 93.3% on P3; and 100% on K+. Screening phytochemicals against marigold flower ethanol extract identifies positive compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids. The protection power result shows that the marigold power ethanol extract 10% concentration lotion has a potential to have activity as repellent against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with protection power above 90%.AbstrakNyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor dari penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue. Bunga marigold (Tagetes erecta) merupakan tanaman yang multiguna, bunga marigold memiliki bau khas yang menyengat sehingga banyak digunakan sebagai tanaman pengusir serangga. Bunga marigold mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi memiliki efek sebagai insektisida alami. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan mengambil lima perlakuan, yaitu satu kelompok kontrol negatif (K-), tiga kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3), dan satu kelompok kontrol positif (K+). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol bunga marigold memiliki daya proteksi pada K- sebesar 0%, P1 sebesar 41,67%, P2 sebesar 71,67%, P3 sebesar 93,3%, dan K+ sebesar 100%. Skrining fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol bunga marigold mengidentifikasi positif senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan triterpenoid. Hasil pengujian daya proteksi menunjukkan bahwa lotion ekstrak etanol bunga marigold konsentrasi 10% berpotensi memiliki aktivitas sebagai repellent terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti dengan daya proteksi diatas 90%.
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Pangaribuan, O., D. S. Hanafiah, H. Setiado, J. R. M. Simamora, and N. W. Sari. "Quantity and Quality Test of DNA Marigold Plants (Tagetes erecta L.) for the Suistainability of Plant Breeding." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 977, no. 1 (2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012047.
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Abstract Marigold is one of the potential commercial flowers and demand continues toincrease. The high demand for marigold plants among the community so that the need for mutation plant breeding for marigold plants. It is hoped that giving mutations, it can increase genetic diversity in marigold plants which will be used as material for plant breeding activities to form new superior marigold varieties. This study aimed to examine the quantity and quality of mutant DNA marigold plants for the suistainabiliy of plant breeding. This research was conducted in the molecular genetics laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The DNA of 5 mutant samples of marigold plants was isolated using the CTAB extraction method. The results showed that the lines that had bright and thick band patterns were found in samples P0, P2, P3 and P4 while thin and less bright bands were found insample P1. The purity of the resulting DNA ranged from 1.84 to 2.00 and the concentration of the resulting DNA ranged from 30.2 to 53.7 g/ml.
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Patel, T. A., D. D. Champaneri, and A. I. Patel. "Assessing the Suitability of Exotic African Marigold Hybrids (Tagetes erecta L.) Under South Gujarat Conditions, India." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 47, no. 6 (2025): 334–42. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i63493.
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Aims: To evaluate the performance of 34 exotic marigold hybrids during winter, a study assessed their flowering, plant development, and total production. The ultimate goal was to identify the best hybrid suited for the agroclimatic conditions of south Gujarat. Study Design: The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with 34 marigold hybrids and 3 replications. Place and Duration of Study: The research was executed at Jarvi Seeds Private Limited, Bharadia, Bharuch, Gujarat, during the winter season of 2024-2025. Methodology: Seeds of the marigold hybrids were raised using a standard package of practices and observations on flowering, plant growth, and yield were recorded using scientific protocols. Results: Among 34 hybrids of marigold, Yellow#0068, Marigold#074, Marigold#078, Yellow#0065 and Marvel yellow were found promising for cultivation in south Gujarat region in terms of yield attributes. Conclusion: Yellow#0068' is the top recommended marigold hybrid for commercial use in south Gujarat. It excelled in flower yield (638.30g/plant), flower diameter (5.75 cm), and number of flowers (96.07/plant), while matching other high-performing varieties for key flowering and growth traits.
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Shah, Rajesh Kumar, Mousumi Rai, Bedika Bhartia, and Manjula Sharma. "Study on marigold flower based herbal mosquito repellents using natural binders." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28, no. 04 (2022): 2068–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i04.064.
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mosquito-repellent property of marigold flower based cakes using natural binders. Marigold flower cakes were prepared using different natural binders such as neem powder, wood powder, coconut shell powder and cow dung and were impregnated with extracted marigold flower oil of different concentrations, i.e. 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% using methanol as a carrier alcohol. The evaluation of mosquito repellent activity was carried out based on 3 parameters – flammability, burning efficiency with respect to burning time and mosquito repellent activity of the cakes. The results showed that marigold flower cakes with neem powder as a binder; impregnated with 15% marigold oil has the most effective repellence activity. From the present study it can be concluded that marigold flower-based cakes can be used as potential repellent against mosquitoes.
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Ahad, Md Abdul, Md Rifat Alam, Atiqur Rohman Tomal, Jannatun Ferdos, Mst Jannatul Naima, and Arjina Khatun. "EVALUATION OF MARIGOLD (TAGETES ERECTA) LEAVES AS A NATURAL MOSQUITO (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) REPELLENT." Acta Scientifica Malaysia 8, no. 2 (2024): 74–79. https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2024.74.79.
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This study was carried out to evaluate marigold (Tagetes erecta) leaves as a natural mosquito repellent. This experiment was conducted during March to June 2023 at Entomology Laboratory, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh. Marigold leaf extract was tested in three replications at four different concentrations (100ml, 75ml, 50ml and 25ml) to evaluate the efficacy of mosquito larvae. To compare the repellent activity of marigold-based coils with commercial coils on adult mosquitoes, 25 adult mosquitoes were tested with three replications. Data were collected from 25 randomly selected individuals to determine how they responded to marigold-based coils. The highest concentration (100ml) resulted in an impressive mean percentage of 88% mosquito larvae mortality after 24 hours of exposure, highlighting the potent larvicidal potential of marigold leaf extract. The marigold-based coil demonstrated remarkable efficacy in controlling adult mosquitoes. Although it took slightly longer (39.67 minutes) than the commercial coil (16.34 minutes) to kill mosquitoes, it showed sustained and consistent efficiency over time. The evaluation of mosquito repellent activity by respondents indicated a preference for mosquito coils (64%) as the primary method of repelling mosquitoes. Respondents perceived a moderate reduction (52%) in mosquito attacks when using the marigold-based coil and rated its repellent effectiveness as moderate (52%) to high (28%). While some participants reported side effects, including offensive smell (45%), eye burning (20%), breathing problems (15%), and coughing (15%). There was the absence of any adverse impact on non target organisms. Marigold leaves showcase promising potential as a natural larvicide for mosquito control. The marigold-based coil demonstrates moderate to high repellent effectiveness on adult mosquitoes, with the added advantage of being free from toxic side effects. These findings emphasize the superiority of the marigold-based mosquito coil as a valuable and environmentally friendly mosquito repellent option, offering an effective solution for mosquito control.
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Kaur, Manpreet, Anil Bhat, Elkhan Richard Sadik-Zada, and Rakesh Sharma. "Productivity Analysis and Employment Effects of Marigold Cultivation in Jammu, India." Horticulturae 8, no. 3 (2022): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8030263.
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The present study addresses the potential of marigold cultivation in terms of income and employment effects in the subtropical region of Jammu. Within the field research, we have surveyed 100 marigold farmers from Jammu and Kathua districts of Jammu Region. The region is of special interest in terms of economic development due to disproportional unemployment rate and high level of poverty. The study finds that marigold cultivation exhibits strong employment and income linkages. Marigold cultivation generates employment opportunities of 124.84 man-days (MD) in a season in comparison to 85.37 MD of rice and 49.58 MDs of wheat. Hence, marigold farming could create more and better-paid rural employment possibilities for peasants and lead to a substantial reduction of the poverty headcount ratios. Furthermore, the Cobb–Douglas production function-based econometric specification shows that farmyard manure (FYM), fertilizers, plant protection, and machine hours have a statistically significant positive effect on marigold yield. The second source of the growth of marigold cultivation is the replacement of subsistence farming with a focus on wheat and rice by marigold farming. We find that this kind of growth does not endanger food security in Jammu and Kathua districts. On the contrary, the growing level of income of the rural population could enhance market demand and a greater willingness to pay for the local agri-food sector and assure a greater level of food security.
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Habmarani, Nurrenze, Salnida Yuniarti Lumbessy, and Muhammad Marzuki. "KECERAHAN IKAN GUPPY (Poecilia reticulata) DENGAN PEMBERIAN TEPUNG BUNGA MARIGOLD (Tagetas erecta) PADA PAKAN KOMERSIL." Jurnal Teknologi Perikanan dan Kelautan 14, no. 1 (2023): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24319/jtpk.14.73-85.
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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung bunga marigold pada pakan komersil terhadap kecerahan warna ikan guppy. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 50 hari, dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan, yaitu: P1 (kontrol), P2 (tepung bunga marigold 0,5%), P3 (tepung bunga marigold 1%), dan P4 (Tepung bunga marigold 1,5%). Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan tepung bunga marigold, dicampurkan pada pakan pelet sesuai perlakuannya. Pakan selanjutnya diuji secara biologis pada ikan guppy yang dibudidayakan. Parameter yang diukur adalah berat mutlak, panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan, kelangsungan hidup, kandungan karotenoid, dan kecerahan warna. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung bunga marigold pada pakan komersil dapat meningkatkan kecerahan warna pada ikan guppy dan mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup (SR) (P<0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan rasio konversi pakan (FCR) (P>0,05). Penambahan tepung bunga marigold pada pakan komersil sebesar 1,5% (P4) dapat meningkatkan karotenoid ikan guppy sebesar 13,80 µmol/g, didukung oleh nilai redness (a*) sebesar 31,37, yellowness (b*) sebesar 37,68, lighteness (L*) sebesar 28,25, hue sebesar 58,15, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 93%±0,06.
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Nataliia, SHAPOVALOVA, VEZHLIVTSEVA Svitlana, and ANTIUSHKO Dmytro. "CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF PASTA WITH POWDER FROM MARIGOLD INFLORESCENCES (TAGETES L.)." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL JOURNAL "COMMODITIES AND MARKETS" 40, no. 4 (2021): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/tr.knute.2021(40)10.
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Background. The deficiency of essential nutrients in the human body is the root cause of reduced efficiency, general resistance of the body to various diseases. That is an urgent problem in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. In this regard, the search for opportunities to meet the needs of the population in food products that contain biologically active substances (BAS) through the use of high-value and at the same time available plant raw materials is extremely important. Marigolds attract special attention among such raw materials. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and evaluate the consumer properties of Tagetes L. varieties, zoned in the Kiev region, to prove the possibility of increasing the biological value of pasta by adding to their recipe powder from marigold inflorescences. Materials and methods. The object of research is pasta of B group (noodles). Inflorescences of marigolds of different varieties gathered during the flowering period in July-September 2019–2020 in the territory of Vasylkiv and Obukhiv districts of Kyiv region, Ukraine were used as enriching plant raw materials. The quality of finished pasta was assessed by organoleptic and physicochemical indexes (moisture content and titratable acidity). The content of mineral elements in the fine powder of marigold inflorescences was determined on the EXHERT-3L device, the quantitative composition and BAS identification – by spectrophotometric analysis on the device Specord-200 Analytic Jena UV-vis. The integrated quality index of pasta products was calculated taking into account the importance factors of individual indexes. Results. Comparing the obtained results, we can state that all the studied varieties – Gold Kopfen, Orange Flame, Hawaii, Equinox are characterized by high biological value, regardless of the area of collection. As a result of calculated and experimental studies it was determined that the addition of 7 % of the supplement does not provide the required supply of vitamins and minerals. Replacing the flour in the recipe by 20 % significantly improves the mineral composition, but deteriorates the taste and aromatic properties of pasta. The most optimal and rational amount of added additive is 15 %, as it improves the organoleptic properties of pasta and enriches their BAS. Conclusion. The usage of non-traditional vegetable raw materials, in particular powder from marigold inflorescences, which is rich in biologically active substances, allows not only to expand the range, improve the quality of finished products, but also increase the biological value of the product. The optimal amount of additive –powder from marigold inflorescences, was defined. It is 15 % by weight of flour in the production of noodles. This concentration allows not only to improve the organoleptic properties, but also to increase the content of biologically active substances – vitamins, micro- and macronutrients. The usage of non-traditional natural raw materials (powder from marigold inflorescences) allows to abandon artificial colorsand give the finished pasta a pleasant colorand aroma.
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Juswardi, Alfiyatun Afifah Jatnika, Nina Tanzerina, and Kamila Alawiyah. "Metabolite profile of tree marigold (Tithonia diversifolia (Hamsley) A. Grey) leaves." Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy 11, no. 2 (2024): 090–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2024.11.2.0025.
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Tree marigold or Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Grey) also known as Insulin leaves has traditionally been used as an herb for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). Tree marigolds contain various metabolite compounds, which have various bioactivities, so research was carried out to study metabolite profiles using a non-target metabolism approach using a GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) instrument. The results of GC-MS analysis of Tree marigold ethanol extract showed 30 peaks in the chromatogram, of which 7 were dominant metabolite compounds including 1-butanol, 3-methyl acetate (28.11%), Thunbergol (14.28%), Geranyl acetate (12.13%). ), D-Limonene (6.64%), 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6 -methyl (5.05%), acetic acid (4.10%), 7.8-epoxy-α-ionone (2.91%). The various categories of metabolites consist of the monoterpene class followed by fatty acids, terpenes, and sesquiterpenoids, as well as other compounds in the terpenoid esters class, alkanoic acids, fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, furanoids, ketones, and others. These metabolite compounds have antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antibacterial, anticancer, and antitumor effects so they have potential as antidiabetic therapy.
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Merdana, I. Made, Indira Laksmi Nandita, Pingkan Elia, Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari, I. Wayan Gorda, and Luh Made Sudimartini. "Phytochemical Test and Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Extract of Marigold Flower." Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 8, no. 2 (2024): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2024.v08.i02.p08.
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Natural medicines are increasingly in demand for safety reasons and are believed to be able to cure certain diseases. Literacy reveals that the marigold flower (Tagetes erecta L.) has medicinal potential as an antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogen. This research aimed to identify marigold flower aqueous extract's phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. The method used in this exploratory research was the maceration of marigold flower simplicia using distilled water for 24 hours, followed by evaporation to obtain marigold flower aqueous extract. Then, phytochemical screening and antioxidant bioactivity tests were carried out using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results of phytochemical screening showed that marigold flower water extract contained flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and tannins. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity test obtained an IC50 value of 50.77 ppm. From these results, it can be concluded that the aqueous extract of marigold flowers has medicinal potential with vigorous antioxidant activity.
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Al-Subhi, Ali M., Rashid A. Al-Yahyai, and Abdullah M. Al-Sadi. "Association of the 16SrII-D Phytoplasma with African Marigold (Tagetes erecta) Phyllody in Oman." Plant Disease 105, no. 1 (2021): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-20-1431-sc.
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The African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) is an ornamental, herbaceous plant commonly found in Oman. In 2019, African marigold plants showing phyllody and virescence symptoms, which are typical symptoms of phytoplasmas disease, were found in at Sultan Qaboos University in Oman. Transmission electron microscopy of marigold leaf midrib from phyllody disease plants showed the presence of numerous phytoplasma bodies in the sieve tube of all of the symptomatic samples. DNA was extracted from asymptomatic and symptomatic marigold plant samples, followed by PCR of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and imp genes. The PCR assays showed that the symptomatic plants are positive for phytoplasma. The DNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic trees showed that the 16S rDNA and imp gene sequences from all marigold phyllody strains shared 100% sequence identity to 16SrII-D subgroup sequences in the GenBank. This is the first report of a phytoplasma of the 16SrII-D subgroup associated with the African marigold (T. erecta) worldwide.
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B.C., Lalit, Poonam Belbase, Naren Shahu, and Kamal Pahari Magar. "EFFECT OF PINCHING ON YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERISTICS OF MARIGOLD (TAGETES ERECTA L.): A REVIEW." Tropical Agrobiodiversity 1, no. 2 (2020): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2020.57.60.
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Marigold species are famous around the world and grown for its different purpose like beautification, to extract pharmaceuticals products, loose flowers, and cut as well. Among the many species of marigold Tagetes erecta L. is one of the famous species grown in Nepal. Pinching in marigold is a process of increase in flower yield through the diversion of energy through breaking apical dominance in plants. Pinching increases the flower yield (96.78 q/ha) compared to non-pinching (68.78 q/ha) (Rathore et al., 2011) in marigold.