Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marine bacteria – Growth

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Marine bacteria – Growth'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Marine bacteria – Growth"

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Taylor, Gordon T., and Jeanne D. Gulnick. "Enhancement of marine bacterial growth by mineral surfaces." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 42, no. 9 (September 1, 1996): 911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m96-117.

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The effects of sorptive inert surfaces on growth of marine bacteria and metabolism, as well as partitioning of organic substrates, were examined in microcosms inoculated with bacterioplankton from a local salt marsh. Introduction of organic-free glass beads to a dilute seawater medium (tryptic soy broth) increased yields of ATP, a surrogate for bacterial biomass, by 187% within the entire microcosm (attached + free-living). Growth efficiencies (bacterial C/media C) were 30% for bacteria grown in microcosms with beads compared with 16% without beads. Surface enrichment increased rates of proteolytic enzyme activity and cell-specific [3H]leucine incorporation into protein by factors of 6.8 and 2.2, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed obvious organic coatings on all beads after 2 h of exposure, but few strongly attached bacteria were evident, even after 40 h of exposure. Results support the hypothesis that mineral surfaces facilitate bacterial utilization of complex organic matter through physical–chemical processes that increase conversion efficiencies of labile substrate despite possible kinetic limitations. Furthermore, firm attachment by bacteria to these surfaces is apparently not a requirement to produce surface-enhanced activity.Key words: epibacteria, sorption, interfaces, hydrolytic enzymes, growth efficiency.
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Long, Richard A., and Farooq Azam. "Antagonistic Interactions among Marine Pelagic Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 4975–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.11.4975-4983.2001.

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ABSTRACT Recent studies suggest that bacterial abundance and species diversity in the ocean's water column are variable at the millimeter scale, apparently in response to the small-scale heterogeneity in the distribution of organic matter. We hypothesized that bacterium-bacterium antagonistic interactions may contribute to variations in community structure at the microscale. We examined each of the 86 isolates for their inhibition of growth of the remaining 85 isolates by the Burkholder agar diffusion assay. More than one-half of the isolates expressed antagonistic activity, and this trait was more common with particle-associated bacteria than with free-living bacteria. This was exemplified by members of the α subclass of the class Proteobacteria (α-proteobacteria), in which production of antagonistic molecules was dominated by attached bacteria. We found that γ-proteobacteria (members of the ordersAlteromonadales and Vibrionales) are the most prolific producers of inhibitory materials and also the most resilient to them, while members of the Bacteriodetes were the organisms that were least productive and most sensitive to antagonistic interactions. Widespread interspecies growth inhibition is consistent with the role of this phenomenon in structuring bacterial communities at the microscale. Furthermore, our results suggest that bacteria from pelagic marine particles may be an underutilized source of novel antibiotics.
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Pratama Novian, Dewan, Irwan Effendi, and Feliatra Feliatra. "GROWTH OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA IN SEA WATER POLLUTED BY SURF DETERGENT." Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.1.1.29-34.

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The research was conducted from February 2016 to April 2017, aimed to determine the effect of adding different concentrations of detergent namely SURF on the growth of bacterial populations in the seawater column. This research used experimental method with Completely Randomized Design. Seawater samples were analyzed at Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Fisheries and Marine Faculty of Riau University. Based on the results of the study, from day 0 untill day 10 after given detergent with different concentrations, bacteria experienced a decreasing trend of growth, in day 15 untill day 20, the trend of bacterial growth contaminated by detergent with different concentration relatively increased to stagnant. Based on the result of this study the addition of different detergent concentration in each treatment affect the growth of heterotrophic bacteria population in the sea water, where the higher concentration of detergent added the lower the ability of bacteria to grow and the ability of heterotrophic bacteria to survive at different concentrations of detergent, it can be concluded that the ability of heterotrophic bacteria to grow from days 0 to 20 has decreased in each of its concentrations.
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Hopkinson, Brian M., Kelly L. Roe, and Katherine A. Barbeau. "Heme Uptake by Microscilla marina and Evidence for Heme Uptake Systems in the Genomes of Diverse Marine Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 20 (August 29, 2008): 6263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00964-08.

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ABSTRACT The ability to acquire diverse and abundant forms of iron would be expected to confer a survival advantage in the marine environment, where iron is scarce. Marine bacteria are known to use siderophores and inorganic iron, but their ability to use heme, an abundant intracellular iron form, has only been examined preliminarily. Microscilla marina, a cultured relative of a bacterial group frequently found on marine particulates, was used as a model organism to examine heme uptake. Searches of the genome revealed analogs to known heme transport proteins, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis of these genes showed that they were expressed and upregulated under iron stress and during growth on heme. M. marina was found to take up heme-bound iron and could grow on heme as a sole iron source, supporting the genetic evidence for heme transport. Similar putative heme transport components were identified in the genomes of diverse marine bacteria. These systems were found in the genomes of many bacteria thought to be particle associated but were lacking in known free-living organisms (e.g., Pelagibacter ubique and marine cyanobacteria). This distribution of transporters is consistent with the hydrophobic, light-sensitive nature of heme, suggesting that it is primarily available on phytoplankton or detritus or in nutrient-rich environments.
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Qi, Yu Hong, Zhan Ping Zhang, and Wen Long Li. "Effects of Tourmaline Powder on Growth Activity of Marine Bacteria and Diatoms." Advanced Materials Research 842 (November 2013): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.130.

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The effect of tourmaline on growth activity of marine bacterium and the diatomNavicula perminutawas investigated by testing number of bacteria in fresh nature seawater and chlorophyll a of the diatom suspension. The concentrations of magnesium, iron and lithia tourmaline powders were controlled from 1 g/L to 15 g/L. The results showed that bacterial cells in seawater and chlorophyll a of diatom solution were reduced with increase of tourmaline powder. Tourmaline could inhibit obviously the growth activity of marine bacteria and diatom. The inhibiting effect of lithia tourmaline is strongest, that of magnesium stronger, and that of iron weakest. Whatever the tourmaline type, the higher the negative ion release rate is, the stronger is the inhibiting effect of tourmaline on growth activity of marine bacteria and diatom. Tourmaline mineral materials are expected to use as an additive to antifouling coatings from this work.
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Mirzoyan, Natella, and Harold J. Schreier. "Effect of sulfide on growth of marine bacteria." Archives of Microbiology 196, no. 4 (March 9, 2014): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-014-0968-0.

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Mukherjee, Ananya. "Compounds derived from bacteria enhance marine diatom growth." Plant Physiology 186, no. 2 (March 27, 2021): 827–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab139.

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Grossart, Hans-Peter, Thomas Ki�rboe, Kam Tang, and Helle Ploug. "Bacterial Colonization of Particles: Growth and Interactions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 6 (June 2003): 3500–3509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.6.3500-3509.2003.

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ABSTRACT Marine particles in the ocean are exposed to diverse bacterial communities, and colonization and growth of attached bacteria are important processes in the degradation and transformation of the particles. In an earlier study, we showed that the initial colonization of model particles by individual bacterial strains isolated from marine aggregates was a function of attachment and detachment. In the present study, we have investigated how this colonization process was further affected by growth and interspecific interactions among the bacteria. Long-term incubation experiments showed that growth dominated over attachment and detachment after a few hours in controlling the bacterial population density on agar particles. In the absence of grazing mortality, this growth led to an equilibrium population density consistent with the theoretical limit due to oxygen diffusion. Interspecific interaction experiments showed that the presence of some bacterial strains (“residents”) on the agar particles either increased or decreased the colonization rate of other strains (“newcomers”). Comparison between an antibiotic-producing strain and its antibiotic-free mutant showed no inhibitory effect on the newcomers due to antibiotic production. On the contrary, hydrolytic activity of the antibiotic-producing strain appeared to benefit the newcomers and enhance their colonization rate. These results show that growth- and species-specific interactions have to be taken into account to adequately describe bacterial colonization of marine particles. Changes in colonization pattern due to such small-scale processes may have profound effects on the transformation and fluxes of particulate matter in the ocean.
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Shieh, Wung Yang, Usio Simidu, and Yoshiharu Maruyama. "New marine nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from an eelgrass (Zostera marina) bed." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 886–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-153.

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Four strains of marine nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from the roots of eelgrass (Zostera marina) and from sediments in an eelgrass bed in Aburatsubo Inlet, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Significant levels of nitrogenase activity were detected in all four strains after a few hours of incubation under anaerobic conditions. Nitrogenase activity in all cases was Na+ dependent. These strains grew anaerobically or under conditions of low oxygen, using molecular nitrogen as the sole nitrogen source. Bacterial growth in liquid nitrogen-free medium was accompanied by a marked pH decrease during the exponential growth phase. Neither yeast extract nor vitamins were required for the nitrogen fixation activity of these strains. Taxonomically, all strains were facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative rods. They were motile in liquid medium by means of a single polar flagellum and required NaCl for their growth. These characteristics, as well as the guanine + cytosine content of their DNA (43.5 – 44.8 mol%), placed them in the family Vibrionaceae. These strains, however, could not be identified to the genus level because they were distinct from the two halophilic genera Vibrio and Photobacterium of the family Vibrionaceae by a variety of characteristics.
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Effendi, Irwan, Elizal Elizal, and Cahyani Fitrah Tanjung. "GROWTH OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA IN SEA WATER CONTAMINATED WITH RINSO DETERGENT." Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.1.1.40-44.

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This research was conducted in March-April 2017 at Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine University of Riau. The purpose of this study is to determine the different concentration of detergent (0 ml/L, 1.5 ml/L, 3 ml/L, 4.5 ml/L, 6 ml/L) in different observation time (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) on the growth of heterotrophic bacteria in sea water. Completely randomized design was used in this experimental method. The results showed that bacterial growth of all treated samples decreased on the 5th day of incubation. However, the population began to increase on the 10th day of incubation. The count of maximum bacterial growth was 1.46 x 109 found in the 4.5 ml/L treated detergent, and the lowest growth was 3.73 x 107 in the 1.5 ml/L treated detergent. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed that the concentrations in different observation times on the growth of heterotrophic bacteria showed significant effect and the value was (P <0.005).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marine bacteria – Growth"

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Vetter, Yves-Alain. "Bacterial foraging with cell-free enzymes /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11033.

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Muthusamy, Saraladevi. "Functional Profiling Of Metabolic Regulation In Marine Bacteria." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-58257.

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Oceans are powered by active, metabolically diverse microorganisms, which are important in regulating biogeochemical cycles on Earth. Most of the ocean surface is often limited by nutrients, influencing bacterial growth and activities. Bacterial adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions involves extensive reprogramming, and redirection of bacterial metabolism and physiology. In this thesis, I investigated the molecular mechanisms of bacterial adaptation strategies to sustain their growth and survival, focusing on the regulation of gene and protein expression in heterotrophic marine bacteria. Comparative proteomics analyses of the growth and non-growth conditions, uncovered central adaptations that marine bacteria employ to allow them to change their metabolism to support exponential growth in response to nutrients and to readjust to stationary phase under nutrient limitation. Our results highlight that during nutrient rich conditions three distinct bacteria lineages have great similarities in their proteome. On the other hand, we observed pronounced differences in behavior between taxa during stationary phase. Analyses of the proteorhodopsin containing bacterium Vibrio sp. AND4 during starvation showed that significantly improved survival in the light compared to darkness. Notably, proteins involved in promoting cell vitality and survival had higher relative abundance under light. In contrast, cells in the dark need to degrade their endogenous resources to support their basic cellular demands under starvation. Thus, light strongly influences how PR-containing bacteria organize their molecular composition in response to starvation. Study of alternative energy generation metabolisms in the Alphaproteobacteria Phaeobacter sp. MED193 showed that the addition of thiosulfate enhanced the bacterial growth yields. Concomitantly, inorganic sulfur oxidation gene expression increased with thiosulfate compared to controls. Moreover, thiosulfate stimulated protein synthesis and anaplerotic CO2 fixation. These findings imply that this bacterium could use their lithotrophic potential to gain additional energy from sulfur oxidation for both improving their growth and survival. This thesis concludes that analyses in model organisms under defined growth conditions gives invaluable knowledge about the regulatory networks and physiological strategies that ensure the growth and survival of heterotrophic bacteria. This is critically important for interpreting bacterial responses to dynamic environmental changes. Moreover, these analyses are crucial for understanding genetic and proteomic responses in microbial communities or uncultivated organisms in terms of defining ecological niches of planktonic bacteria
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Compala, Prabhakar Pandu Krishna. "Bioremediation of textile dyes and improvement of plant growth by marine bacteria." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16951.

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Textile industries are the major users of dyes in the world. A huge fraction of dyes are discharged out from the textile industries, causing serious damage to the environment. Bioremediation based technologies has been proved to be the most desirable and cost- effective method to counter textile dye pollution. The ability of the microorganisms to decolorize and metabolize dyes can be employed to treat the environment polluted by textile dyes. In this work, a total of 84 bacterial strains were isolated from Kelambakkam Solar Salt Crystallizer ponds (or salterns) and screened for their ability to produce extracellular tannase and laccase enzymes and eventually to decolorize three widely used textile dyes- Reactive Blue 81, Reactive Red 111 and Reactive Yellow 44. Of these 84 strains, 18 strains exhibited tannase activity and 36 strains showed positive laccase enzyme activity. The 11 bacterial strains that displayed both tannase and laccase enzyme activity were screened for their ability to decolorize the three textile azo dyes (100 mg/L). Out of 11 strains only 2 strains i.e., AMETH72 and AMETH77 showed best decolorization (%) in all the three dyes under static condition at room temperature. Repeated- batch immobilization study used to select the most efficient bacterial strain revealed that, isolate AMETH72 was efficient than AMETH77 in decolorizing the dyes. The 16S rRNA sequencing of AMETH72 showed 99% phylogenetic similarity to Halomonas elongata. The dye degradation products analyzed by FTIR and UV-Vis techniques displayed complete disruption of azo linkages and biodegradation of dyes to simpler compounds. The treated dyes also improved growth and total chlorophyll content in Wheat and Green gram seedlings, as compared to the untreated dyes. This indicated the non- toxicity of the biologically degraded dye products. Thus the entire study concluded that halotolerant marine bacteria from the salterns can be effectively used to bioremediate the textile dyes.
Program: MSc in Resource Recovery - Industrial Biotechnology
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Waterworth, James Stephen. "Anaerobic biodegradation of Peptidoglycan and Chitin by freshwater and marine sediment bacteria." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266849.

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Countway, Peter Dylan. "Carbon Production and Growth Physiology of Heterotrophic Bacteria in a Subtropical Coral Reef Ecosystem." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617745.

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Ostrowski, Martin Biotechnology &amp Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Physiological adaptation to nutrient limitation in a marine oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium Sphingopyxis alaskensis." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27422.

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Sphingopyxis (formerly Sphingomonas) alaskensis, a numerically abundant species isolated from Alaskan waters and the North Sea represents one of the only pure cultures of a typical oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium isolated from the marine environment. In this study, physiological and molecular characterization of an extinction dilution isolate from the North Pacific indicate that it is a strain of Sphingopyxis alaskenis, extending the known geographical distribution of this strain and affirming its importance as a model marine oligotroph. Given the importance of open ocean systems in climatic processes, it is clearly important to understand the physiology and underlying molecular biology of abundant species, such as S. alaskensis, and to define their role in biogeochemical processes. S. alaskensis is thought to proliferate by growing slowly on limited concentrations of substrates thereby avoiding outright starvation. In order to mimic environmental conditions chemostat culture was used to study the physiology of this model oligotroph in response to slow growth and nutrient limitation. It was found that the extent of nutrient limitation and starvation has fundamentally different consequences for the physiology of oligotrophic ultramicrobacteria compared with well-studied copiotrophic bacteria (Vibrio angustum S14 and Escherichia coli). For example, growth rate played a critical role in hydrogen peroxide resistance of S. alaskensis with slowly growing cells being 10, 000 times more resistant than fast growing cells. In contrast, the responses of V. angustum and E. coli to nutrient availability differed in that starved cells were more resistant than growing cells, regardless of growth rate. In order to examine molecular basis of the response to general nutrient limitation, starvation and oxidative stress in S. alaskensis we used proteomics to define differences in protein profiles of chemostat-grown cultures at various levels of nutrient limitation. High-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) methods were developed and 2DE protein maps were used to define proteins regulated by the level of nutrient limitation. A number of these proteins were identified with the aid of mass spectrometry and cross-species database matching. The identified proteins are involved in fundamental cellular processes including protein synthesis, protein folding, energy generation and electron transport, providing an important step in discovering the molecular basis of oligotrophy in this model organism.
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Kotkowski, Rachel. "Environmental Influences on Bacterio-phytoplanktonic Coupling and Bacterial Growth Efficiency in a Sub-tropical Estuary." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1155.

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Bacterio-phytoplanktonic coupling and bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) measurements were used to analyze microbial trophic dynamics and the influence of environmental factors in Florida Bay, Florida. Phytoplankton gross primary productivity (GPP) was measured using 24-hour in situ oxygen incubations; bacterial productivity (BP) was measured using 3H- thymidine incorporation. Weak bacterio-phytoplanktonic coupling was observed over the sampling period. BP was more influenced by local total nitrogen concentrations while GPP was more evenly distributed. BGE rates were low but consistent with marine and estuarine ecosystems worldwide. Results suggest that bacterioplankton growth in Florida Bay is relatively uncoupled from phytoplankton production, which may be due in part to the low levels of phytoplankton biomass in the water column, the large amount of seagrass-derived DOM production in this shallow lagoon, the loading of nitrogen and organic matter associated with terrestrial runoff, and/or their combination.
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Church, Matthew J. "Limitation of Bacterial Growth by Dissolved Organic Matter and Iron in the Southern Ocean." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617971.

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Yokokawa, Taichi. "Growth and grazing mortality of phylogenetically distinct bacterial groups in estuarine and coastal marine environments." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145485.

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O'Brien, Sean. "Diel Relationships of Bacterial Growth Rates, Bacterivore Grazing Rates, and Dissolved Carbohydrates in Subtropical Marine Coastal Waters." NSUWorks, 1998. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/325.

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Bacterial growth rates and bacterivore grazing rates were compared to concentrations of dissolved polysaccharide and monosaccharide over diel periods in subtropical marine coastal waters by incubating large volumes of natural water in situ. Growth and grazing rates were detennined by the dilution method with 4 hour incubations. Carbohydrates were measured with the 3-Methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrozone hydrochloride hydrate (MBTH) colorimetric assay. Diel studies were conducted in April, August, and September 1997. Bacterial growth rates and bacterivore grazing rates as well as dissolved polysaccharide and monosaccharide concentrations varied significantly over the diel period of each study. There was inverse variation between bacterial growth rates and monosaccharide concentrations in two of the three studies, when daily average monosaccharide concentrations were 80 μgC/l or less. In the third study, monosaccharide concentrations were higher and the inverse relation with bacterial growth rates was less apparent. The diel pattern of bacterivore grazing rates followed that of bacterial growth rates in each study and were significantly correlated in two of three studies. Daily average bacterial growth rates were never significantly different than daily average bacterivore grazing rates. Bacterivore grazing rates were never directly related to dissolved carbohydrates, but were negatively correlated with total dissolved carbohydrates and monosaccharides in one study.
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Books on the topic "Marine bacteria – Growth"

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Robinson, Carol. Phytoplankton Biogeochemical Cycles. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199233267.003.0005.

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This chapter describes how the activity of phytoplankton, bacteria, and Archaea drive the marine biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and how climate driven changes in plankton abundance and community composition influence these biogeochemical cycles in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are essential elements required for all life on Earth. In the marine environment, dissolved inorganic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are utilized during phytoplankton growth to form organic material, which is respired and remineralized back to inorganic forms by the activity of bacteria, Archaea, and zooplankton. The net result of the photosynthesis, calcification, and respiration of marine plankton is the uptake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, its sequestration to the deep ocean as organic and inorganic carbon, and its availability to fuel all fish and shellfish production.
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Clarke, Andrew. Global temperature and life. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199551668.003.0014.

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The extreme meteorological surface air temperatures recorded to date are –89.2 oC in Antarctica, and 56.7 oC in Death Valley, California. Ground temperatures can be higher or lower than these air temperatures. The bulk of oceanic water is cold (< 4 oC) and thermally stable. Whilst data on limits to survival attract considerable attention, the thermal limits to completion of the life cycle (which define the limits to life) are much less well known. Currently identified upper thermal limits for growth are 122 oC for archaeans, 100 oC for bacteria and ~60 oC for unicellular eukaryotes. No unicells appear to grow below –20 oC, a limit that is probably set by dehydration-linked vitrification of the cell interior. The lower thermal limits for survival in multicellular organisms in the natural world extend to at least –70 oC. However in all cases known to date, completion of the life cycle requires summer warmth and the lowest temperature for completion of a multicellular eukaryote life cycle appears to be ~0 oC for invertebrates in glacial meltwater and ~–2 oC for marine invertebrates and fish living on the continental shelves around Antarctica.
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Kirchman, David L. Introduction to geomicrobiology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0013.

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Geomicrobiology, the marriage of geology and microbiology, is about the impact of microbes on Earth materials in terrestrial systems and sediments. Many geomicrobiological processes occur over long timescales. Even the slow growth and low activity of microbes, however, have big effects when added up over millennia. After reviewing the basics of bacteria–surface interactions, the chapter moves on to discussing biomineralization, which is the microbially mediated formation of solid minerals from soluble ions. The role of microbes can vary from merely providing passive surfaces for mineral formation, to active control of the entire precipitation process. The formation of carbonate-containing minerals by coccolithophorids and other marine organisms is especially important because of the role of these minerals in the carbon cycle. Iron minerals can be formed by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria, which gain a small amount of energy from iron oxidation. Similarly, manganese-rich minerals are formed during manganese oxidation, although how this reaction benefits microbes is unclear. These minerals and others give geologists and geomicrobiologists clues about early life on Earth. In addition to forming minerals, microbes help to dissolve them, a process called weathering. Microbes contribute to weathering and mineral dissolution through several mechanisms: production of protons (acidity) or hydroxides that dissolve minerals; production of ligands that chelate metals in minerals thereby breaking up the solid phase; and direct reduction of mineral-bound metals to more soluble forms. The chapter ends with some comments about the role of microbes in degrading oil and other fossil fuels.
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Book chapters on the topic "Marine bacteria – Growth"

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Imai, Ichiro. "Interactions Between Harmful Algae and Algicidal and Growth-Inhibiting Bacteria Associated with Seaweeds and Seagrasses." In Marine Protists, 597–619. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55130-0_25.

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Suminto and Kazutsugu Hirayama. "Application of a growth-promoting bacteria for stable mass culture of three marine microalgae." In Live Food in Aquaculture, 223–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2097-7_35.

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Kumar, Sunil, Ranjit Kumar, and Pankaj Sood. "Role of Microbial Enriched Vermicompost in Plant-Parasitic Nematode Management." In Nematodes - Recent Advances, Management and New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97934.

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Earthworm causes increase in availability of soil organic matter through degradation of dead matters by microbes, leaf litter and porocity of soil. Vermicompost is a non-thermophilic biodegradation process of waste organic material through the action of microorganism with earthworm. Vermicompost is rich in many nutrients including calcium, nitrates, phosphorus and soluble potassium, which are essentially required for plant growth. Different plant growth hormones like gibberellins, auxins and cytokinins are present in vermicompost, which has microbial origin. Nematodes are mostly small, colorless and microscopic organisms which remain under soil, fresh or marine water, plants or animals, and act as parasite in different conditions, while very few have direct effect on human. The nematodes which are parasitic on plants use plant tissues as their food. They have well developed spearing device, like a hypodermic needle called stylet. It is used to penetrate host cell membrane. Management of plant-parasitic-nematodes therefore is necessary and several means are adopted. Of which, use of bio-chemicals and organic compost have shown encouraging results and proved to be potential in suppressing the nematode population. Vermicompost plays an important role of soil fortification on growth characteristics, such as length, weight, root, shoot branches, number of leaves and metabolism of host plant against nematode infection. Vermicompost fortified plants showed increment in sugar, protein and lipid over untreated control. Increment of these metabolites helps treated plants to metabolically cope up the infection and promotes excessive plant growth. The vermicompost caused the mortality of nematodes by the release of nematicidal substances such as hydrogen sulfate, ammonia, and nitrite apart from promotion of the growth of nematode predatory fungi that attack their cysts. It favours rhizobacteria which produce toxic enzymes and toxins; or indirectly favors population of nematophagous microorganisms, bacteria, and fungi, which serve as food for predatory or omnivorous nematodes, or arthropods such as mites, which are selectively opposed to plant-parasitic nematodes.
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"Fluorescent antibody techniques have allowed for the direct identification and enumeration of individual bacteria in environmental samples without requiring prior growth in culture media (Bahlool and Schmidt 1980, Cloete and Steyn 1988, Macario et al. 1989). The technique involves the use of specific antibodies raised against surface markers of defined pure cultures that are either labelled directly with fluorescent dye molecules or via a fluorescent secondary antibody. This approach has yielded important insights into the spatial distribution of microorganisms, but it suffers from a number of disadvantages. For example, expression of the antigen may be influenced by environmental factors; false-positive and false-negative results may be obtained due to cross-reactivity or lack of reaction; non-specific binding of antibodies may result in high levels of background fluorescence; and production of specific antibodies requires a pure culture of the organism of interest (Cloete and de Bruyn Various recombinant DNA techniques have subsequently been developed that are independent of cultivation methods (Fig. 1). These techniques provide ways of detecting and quantifying specific phylogenetic groups of microbes on 16S rDNA sequences, and relevant structural genes provide ways of monitoring microbial populations of environmental and industrial systems. In addition to these tools, a number of emerging technologies such as the use of biomarker genes are being increasingly used to monitor with great precision and accuracy the behaviour of microbes in the environment." In Recent Advances in Marine Biotechnology, Vol. 8, 218–19. CRC Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482279986-12.

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Kamimura, K., K. Kunomura, and T. Sugio. "Isolation and characterization of a marine iron-oxidizing bacterium requiring NaC1 for growth." In Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century - Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium, 741–46. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-4409(99)80076-5.

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"A direct correlation between the growth rates of bacterial cells, the average ribosome contents and the probe-conferred fluorescence has been reported (DeLong et al. 1989). This has been used to estimate the growth rates of individual cells in situ (Poulsen et al. 1993, Moller et al. 1995). Often it is also important to obtain information about how the functional components of an ecological system relate to the organization of the system. In communities that have an inherent architecture, such as biofilms and floes, the question of where various organisms are located is of interest. These determinations are difficult to make with conventional epifluorescence microscopy. By coupling in situ hybridization with fluorescently-labelled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes with confocal laser scanning microscopy (Caldwell et al. 1992), it is possible to place the labelled microbes in a three-dimensional reconstruction of the intact microbial community (Moiler et al. 1996, Schramm et al. 1996, Manz et al. 1999, Sekiguchi et al. 1999)." In Recent Advances in Marine Biotechnology, Vol. 8, 227. CRC Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482279986-20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marine bacteria – Growth"

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Ganguli, Rahul, and Vivek Mehrotra. "Bio Inspired Living Skins for Fouling Mitigation." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-588.

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A biomimetic method to mitigate marine biofouling using a pilot-whale inspired sacrificial skin concept has been developed. We developed a method to form conformal, protective skins in-situ underwater using a circulatory system. In addition, the materials chemistry was tuned such that the skin dissolves after a tunable stable period, removing any foulants that may have collected on it. A very large reduction in biofouling was demonstrated for surfaces protected by the sacrificial skin compared to identical unprotected surfaces, when high fouling pressure was generated using bacteria in artificial seawater. Skin formation, stability, and dissolution have been studied by forming skins on 6 inch square flat substrates, and curved surfaces. Several different materials and material combinations were tested for their skin-forming ability. Rheology studies were conducted to determine the changes in viscosity of the materials upon exposure to seawater. The materials microstructure and composition was probed before and after seawater exposure. These experiments helped explain the mechanisms by which skin formation and dissolution occurs. Biofouling experiments consisted of culturing and growing the bacteria Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovera, a strain known to cause biofouling in marine environments. Efforts focused on determining experimental conditions necessary to achieve high levels of biofouling growth in the shortest amount of time. Marine-like environments were created in the range of a few hundred milliliters of artificial seawater and scaled to several liters, large enough to contain a 6 inch × 6 inch substrate.
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Miller, Jonathon D., Brett J. Warren, and Luc G. Chabot. "Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Gulf of Mexico Mooring Chain at 6,000 Feet Depths." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84067.

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During a post-installation inspection of a polyester and chain mooring system in water depths of approximately 6,000 ft, evidence of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) was found in the form of rust tubercles known as rusticles. These porous concretions commonly form on submerged steel shipwrecks and provide evidence that subsea corrosion occurs in a hypoxic environment. Iron and sulfate-reducing bacteria cause corrosion in marine environments. This paper will discuss one form of MIC found on submerged steel structures, analyze the ambient conditions required for MIC to occur, and compare rusticles found during the mooring inspection to those found on other subsea shipwrecks such as the RMS Titanic. An analysis of the type of iron used in mooring chains and the rate of rusticle formation will be presented. Possible remedies to prevent rusticle growth on mooring chains will be summarized.
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