Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean"

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Peterson, Sarah H., Joshua T. Ackerman, and Daniel P. Costa. "Marine foraging ecology influences mercury bioaccumulation in deep-diving northern elephant seals." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1810 (July 7, 2015): 20150710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0710.

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Mercury contamination of oceans is prevalent worldwide and methylmercury concentrations in the mesopelagic zone (200–1000 m) are increasing more rapidly than in surface waters. Yet mercury bioaccumulation in mesopelagic predators has been understudied. Northern elephant seals ( Mirounga angustirostris ) biannually travel thousands of kilometres to forage within coastal and open-ocean regions of the northeast Pacific Ocean. We coupled satellite telemetry, diving behaviour and stable isotopes (carbon and nitrogen) from 77 adult females, and showed that variability among individuals in foraging location, diving depth and δ 13 C values were correlated with mercury concentrations in blood and muscle. We identified three clusters of foraging strategies, and these resulted in substantially different mercury concentrations: (i) deeper-diving and offshore-foraging seals had the greatest mercury concentrations, (ii) shallower-diving and offshore-foraging seals had intermediate levels, and (iii) coastal and more northerly foraging seals had the lowest mercury concentrations. Additionally, mercury concentrations were lower at the end of the seven-month-long foraging trip ( n = 31) than after the two-month- long post-breeding trip ( n = 46). Our results indicate that foraging behaviour influences mercury exposure and mesopelagic predators foraging in the northeast Pacific Ocean may be at high risk for mercury bioaccumulation.
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Chittenden, Cedar M., Richard J. Beamish, and R. Scott McKinley. "A critical review of Pacific salmon marine research relating to climate." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 10 (June 23, 2009): 2195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp174.

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Abstract Chittenden, C. M., Beamish, R. J., and McKinley, R. S. 2009. A critical review of Pacific salmon marine research relating to climate. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2195–2204. Several studies in the North Pacific Ocean have documented the consequences of rising sea surface temperatures and the advancement of the spring freshet on ocean productivity. The altering of ocean productivity has also been correlated with changes in the marine survival and geographic occurrence of some Pacific salmon populations. Knowledge of the marine survival and position of salmon in the Pacific Ocean are derived typically from mark-recapture studies. As a result, the migratory behaviour and associated survival estimates of salmon in real time are not known. Major information gaps also exist in terms of stock-specific marine behaviour and survival—especially as they relate to recent changes in climate. Acoustic telemetry and other modern tools enable researchers to answer specific questions about environmental, physiological, and genetic effects on individual salmon survival and behaviour, which had not been possible previously. As climate trends increasingly exceed those found in historical records, there is an urgent need for information that will improve fishery management and conservation decisions. International, multidisciplinary research teams using modern technologies could accomplish this.
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Irvine, James R., and Masa-aki Fukuwaka. "Pacific salmon abundance trends and climate change." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 6 (March 2, 2011): 1122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq199.

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Abstract Irvine, J. R., and Fukuwaka, M. 2011. Pacific salmon abundance trends and climate change. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1122–1130. Understanding reasons for historical patterns in salmon abundance could help anticipate future climate-related changes. Recent salmon abundance in the northern North Pacific Ocean, as indexed by commercial catches, has been among the highest on record, with no indication of decline; the 2009 catch was the highest to date. Although the North Pacific Ocean continues to produce large quantities of Pacific salmon, temporal abundance patterns vary among species and areas. Currently, pink and chum salmon are very abundant overall and Chinook and coho salmon are less abundant than they were previously, whereas sockeye salmon abundance varies among areas. Analyses confirm climate-related shifts in abundance, associated with reported ecosystem regime shifts in approximately 1947, 1977, and 1989. We found little evidence to support a major shift after 1989. From 1990, generally favourable climate-related marine conditions in the western North Pacific Ocean, as well as expanding hatchery operations and improving hatchery technologies, are increasing abundances of chum and pink salmon. In the eastern North Pacific Ocean, climate-related changes are apparently playing a role in increasing chum and pink salmon abundances and declining numbers of coho and Chinook salmon.
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Jensen, Paul R., Erin Gontang, Chrisy Mafnas, Tracy J. Mincer, and William Fenical. "Culturable marine actinomycete diversity from tropical Pacific Ocean sediments." Environmental Microbiology 7, no. 7 (July 2005): 1039–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00785.x.

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Morris, R. M., M. S. Rappé, E. Urbach, S. A. Connon, and S. J. Giovannoni. "Prevalence of the Chloroflexi-Related SAR202 Bacterioplankton Cluster throughout the Mesopelagic Zone and Deep Ocean." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 5 (May 2004): 2836–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.5.2836-2842.2004.

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ABSTRACT Since their initial discovery in samples from the north Atlantic Ocean, 16S rRNA genes related to the environmental gene clone cluster known as SAR202 have been recovered from pelagic freshwater, marine sediment, soil, and deep subsurface terrestrial environments. Together, these clones form a major, monophyletic subgroup of the phylum Chloroflexi. While members of this diverse group are consistently identified in the marine environment, there are currently no cultured representatives, and very little is known about their distribution or abundance in the world's oceans. In this study, published and newly identified SAR202-related 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to further resolve the phylogeny of this cluster and to design taxon-specific oligonucleotide probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization. Direct cell counts from the Bermuda Atlantic time series study site in the north Atlantic Ocean, the Hawaii ocean time series site in the central Pacific Ocean, and along the Newport hydroline in eastern Pacific coastal waters showed that SAR202 cluster cells were most abundant below the deep chlorophyll maximum and that they persisted to 3,600 m in the Atlantic Ocean and to 4,000 m in the Pacific Ocean, the deepest samples used in this study. On average, members of the SAR202 group accounted for 10.2% (±5.7%) of all DNA-containing bacterioplankton between 500 and 4,000 m.
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Xie, Le, Wei Wei, Lanlan Cai, Xiaowei Chen, Yuhong Huang, Nianzhi Jiao, Rui Zhang, and Ya-Wei Luo. "A global viral oceanography database (gVOD)." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): 1251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1251-2021.

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Abstract. Virioplankton are a key component of the marine biosphere in maintaining diversity of microorganisms and stabilizing ecosystems. They also contribute greatly to nutrient cycles/cycling by releasing organic matter after lysis of hosts. In this study, we constructed the first global viral oceanography database (gVOD) by collecting 10 931 viral abundance (VA) data and 727 viral production (VP) data, along with host and relevant oceanographic parameters when available. Most VA data were obtained in the North Atlantic (32 %) and North Pacific (29 %) oceans, while the southeast Pacific and Indian oceans were quite undersampled. The VA in the global ocean was 1.17(±3.31)×107 particles mL−1. The lytic and lysogenic VP in the global ocean was 9.87(±24.16)×105 and 2.53(±8.64)×105 particlesmL-1h-1, respectively. Average VA in coastal oceans was higher than that in surface open oceans (3.61(±6.30)×107 versus 0.73(±1.24)×107 particles mL−1), while average VP in coastal and surface open oceans was close. Vertically, VA, lytic VP and lysogenic VP deceased from surface to deep oceans by about 1 order of magnitude. The total number of viruses in the global ocean estimated by bin-averaging and the random forest method was 1.56×1030 and 1.49×1030 particles, leading to an estimate of global ocean viral biomass at 35.9 and 34.4 Tg C, respectively. We expect that the gVOD will be a fundamental and very useful database for laboratory, field and modeling studies in marine ecology and biogeochemistry. The full gVOD database (Xie et al., 2020) is stored in PANGAEA (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.915758).
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Dunlop, JN, RD Wooller, and NG Cheshire. "Distribution and abundance of marine birds in the Eastern Indian Ocean." Marine and Freshwater Research 39, no. 5 (1988): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9880661.

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A survey of pelagic seabird distribution in the eastern Indian Ocean was conducted during October 1987. Five seabird assemblages were identified, associated with different marine environments. Sea surface salinity appeared to be the most important factor in tropical, oceanic waters and sea surface temperature in shelf waters. A distinct and relatively species-rich community occurred over the South Equatorial Current, where seabird biomasses were relatively high, albeit patchily distributed. Overall, the patterns of abundance of pelagic seabirds north-west of Australia reflected the known patterns of nutrient enrichment and marine productivity. There was evidence of some biogeographic commonality in seabirds between the tropical Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans, resulting from a 'throughflow' of water types.
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Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A., E. B. Gareth Jones, and Ali H. Bahkali. "Mar ine fungi recorded from Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. and their secondary product potential." Nova Hedwigia 111, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 357–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0600.

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In this review, we compiled a list of marine fungi reported from the lower parts of Avicennia marina, which are permanently or intermittently inundated with sea water from different geographical regions of the world. From 1955 to 2020 a total of 41 publications reporting marine mycota of A. marina were published that include: 12 studies reporting taxa along with their frequency of occurrence, 10 studies without frequency of occurrence and 19 studies described new taxa from the host. A total of 149 marine fungi (120 ascomycetes, 24 asexual ascomycetes and 5 basidiomycetes) were reported from intertidal and submerged wood, pneumatophores and leaves of Avicennia marina from different geographical locations. This figure is the highest number of marine fungi reported from a single mangrove host. Two new families, 11 new genera and 39 new species were described as new to science from A. marina. The highest number of species were recorded from the Indian Ocean (117), while only 75 taxa were recorded from the Pacific Ocean with 43 fungi common to both oceans. However, fewer studies have been carried out in the latter ocean. Intertidal samples of A. marina were collected from nine countries of which India supported the highest fungal diversity from the host with 68 species, followed by Malaysia (57) and Egypt (42). Marine mycota of A. marina were latitudinally distributed with species from subtropics differing largely from those from tropical regions, but were less investigated. Sordariomycetes, Pleosporales and Halosphaeriaceae were the most-species rich class, order and family, respectively. The high percentages of new species recorded from only a single location (67%) indicate that marine fungi from A. marina and other mangrove plants are understudied. Twenty-six species were recorded exclusively from A. marina, of which 23 were described fairly recently as new taxa from the host and this supports the non-specific nature of the saprobic marine fungi. This review represents the first exclusive list of marine fungi from a single mangrove tree species. Out of the 149 species reported from A. marina, only fourteen fungi were explored for their secondary products. Explored species produced new bioactive compounds; many of them have antimicrobial, cytotoxic, phytotoxic, antimalarial and antidiabetic effects.
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Pan, Jie, Cong Sun, Xin-Qi Zhang, Ying-Yi Huo, Xu-Fen Zhu, and Min Wu. "Paracoccus sediminis sp. nov., isolated from Pacific Ocean marine sediment." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_8 (August 1, 2014): 2512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.051318-0.

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Strain CMB17T was a short rod-shaped bacterium isolated from marine sediment of the Pacific Ocean. Cells were Gram-stain-negative and non-motile. Optimal growth occurred at 25–30 °C, pH 6.5–7 and 0.5–1 % (w/v) NaCl. The major fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c (87.59 %), and ubiquinone-10 was detected as the only isoprenoid quinone. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 62.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain CMB17T is most closely related to Paracoccus stylophorae KTW-16T (96.7 %), P. solventivorans DSM 6637T (96.4 %) and P. saliphilus YIM 90738T (96.4 %). Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain CMB17T is proposed to represent a novel species, denominated Paracoccus sediminis sp. nov. (type strain CMB17T = JCM 18467T = DSM 26170T = CGMCC 1.12681T).
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Carballo, José Luis, Jose María Aguilar-Camacho, Ingrid S. Knapp, and James J. Bell. "Wide distributional range of marine sponges along the Pacific Ocean." Marine Biology Research 9, no. 8 (October 2013): 768–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2013.765581.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean"

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Hurwitz, Bonnie Louise. "Viral Community Dynamics and Functional Specialization in the Pacific Ocean." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/265369.

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Viruses are the most abundant biological entity on Earth and outnumber their hosts ten-to-one. Ocean viruses (phages) impact bacterial-driven global biogeochemical cycles through lysis, manipulating host metabolism, and horizontal gene transfer. However, knowledge of virus-host interactions and viral roles in ecosystems remains limited due to few cultured marine phage genomes and non-quantitative culture-independent metagenomes. Here, I develop and apply novel and well-tested bioinformatic techniques to explore Pacific Ocean viral communities using quantitative datasets derived from rigorously-tested preparation methods. To evaluate concentration and purification methods, I examined triplicate metagenomes from a single ocean sample using four protocols. Concentration protocols showed statistical differences in taxonomy whereas purification protocols did not. Specifically, TFF-concentrated metagenomes contained trace bacterial contamination and had fewer abundant taxa as compared to FeCl₃-precipitated metagenomes. K-mer analysis using the complete dataset revealed polymerase choice defined access to "rare" sequences.To explore unknown viral sequences, I organized known and unknown sequence space into 27K high-confidence protein clusters (PCs) from 32 diverse Pacific Ocean Virus (POV) metagenomes, which doubled available PCs and included the first pelagic deep-sea viral metagenomes. Using PCs as a whole-viral-community diversity metric revealed decreases from coastal to open ocean, winter to summer, and deep to surface, that correlate with data from microbial genetic diversity markers (no parallel viral markers exist).Biologically, POV metagenomes showed that viruses likely reprogram central metabolic pathways in microbial communities far beyond the "photosynthesis viruses" paradigm. Gene distribution patterns from 35 viral gene families (31 new) revealed niche-specific (photic vs aphotic zone) altered pathway carbon flux presumably optimized to best locally generate energy and drive viral replication. Further, these PCs define the first "core" (180 genes) and "flexible" (423K genes total) viral community genome. Functionally, core genes again suggest niche-differentation with extensive Fe-S cluster-related genes for electron transport and metabolic enzyme catalysis in photic samples, and manipulation of host pressure-sensitive genes in aphotic samples. Taxonomically, these data deconstruct the culture-based paradigm that tailed viruses dominate in the wild - instead they appear ubiquitous, but not abundant.
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Wilson, Stephanie E. "Mesopelagic zooplankton feeding ecology and effects on particle repackaging and carbon transport in the subtropical and subarctic North Pacific Ocean." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Wilson08.pdf.

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Wright, Jody Jennifer. "Microbial community structure and ecology of Marine Group A bacteria in the oxygen minimum zone of the Northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44834.

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Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are intrinsic water column features that arise when the respiratory oxygen (O2) demand during microbial remineralization of organic matter exceeds O2 supply rates in poorly ventilated regions of the ocean. Microbial processes play a key role in mediating biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and radiatively active trace gases in OMZs. Specific roles of individual microbial groups and the ecological interactions among groups that drive OMZ biogeochemistry on a global scale, however, remain poorly constrained. This dissertation focuses on describing microbial community structure in the world’s largest and least studied OMZ, located in the Northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean (NESAP), with a specific emphasis on characterizing the ecology of Marine Group A, an uncultivated candidate phylum of bacteria found to be prevalent in this region. To begin, I performed a survey of microbial community structure in the NESAP at two time points and over a range of depths based on traditional ecological analyses. I applied techniques derived from network theory to identify co-occurrence patterns among microbial groups within the NESAP and determined that MGA bacteria most frequently co-occurred with other MGA bacteria, suggesting that intra-phylum interactions may play a role in governing microbial processes in this region. Through analysis of small subunit ribosomal rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences affiliated with MGA, I identified 8 novel subgroups and established the phylogeny and population structure of both novel and previously detected MGA subgroups. Finally, I provided first insights into the metabolic capacity of this little-known candidate phylum through investigations of metagenomic data obtained from NESAP waters. Analysis of large-insert genomic DNA fragments derived from MGA revealed protein-coding genes associated with adaptation to oxygen deficiency and sulfur-based energy metabolism. These observations may implicate MGA bacteria in the cryptic sulfur cycle, recently discovered to play a central role in biogeochemical cycling within OMZs. This work describes the first survey of microbial community structure in the NESAP OMZ and the first application of co-occurrence networks to study the ecology of deep ocean microbial communities, in addition to the first analysis of the diversity, population structure, and metabolic capacity of the enigmatic bacterial lineage MGA.
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Truong, Triet Minh. "Investigating DNA barcoding potentials and genetic structure in Ozobranchus spp. from Atlantic and Pacific ocean sea turtles." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1392769367.

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Receveur, Aurore. "Ecologie spatiale du micronecton : distribution, diversité et importance dans la structuration de l'écosystème pélagique du Pacifique sud-ouest." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0401.

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L'écosystème océanique Néo-Calédonien dans le Pacifique sud-ouest contient une forte diversité de prédateurs, comme les oiseaux marins ou les cétacés. La récente création du Parc naturel de la mer de corail a ouvert un besoin d'informations solides sur le fonctionnement de cet écosystème remarquable, notamment sur la dynamique du micronecton (organismes entre 1 et 20cm constituant la nourriture des prédateurs supérieurs) et de son rôle central dans les réseaux alimentaires, d'autant plus que ce maillon est le plus méconnu. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse a montré une forte influence de l’environnement sur sa distribution spatiale et saisonnière avec en moyenne plus de micronecton dans le sud que dans le nord, et plus en hiver qu’en été. Les espèces composant le micronecton sont plus riches en crustacés au nord en céphalopodes et poissons au sud. L’abondance de micronecton aurait tendance à diminuer sous l’influence du changement climatique. Enfin, nous avons montré que la répartition spatiale de ce groupe influençait la présence de six groupes de prédateurs : thon jaune, thon germon, dorade coryphène, dauphins, puffin et fou à pieds rouges
The New Caledonian pelagic ecosystem in the southwest Pacific contains a high diversity of predators, such as seabirds and cetaceans. The recent creation of the Natural Park of the Coral Sea created a need for solid information on the functioning of this remarkable ecosystem, particularly on the dynamics of the micronecton (organisms between 1 and 20 cm constituting food of top predators) and its central role in food webs, especially since is the most poorly understood. In this context, this PhD showed a strong influence of environment on its spatial and seasonal distribution with on average more micronekton in the south than in the north, and more in winter than in summer. The species composing the micronecton are riche in crustaceans in the north and in cephalopods and fish in the south. The micronecton abundance would tend to decrease under the influence of climate change. Finally, we showed that the spatial distribution of this group influenced the presence of six groups of predators: yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna, dolphin, dolphin, shearwater and red-footed body
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Rosas, Luis Rigoberto. "La modificación del ecosistema marino reflejada en las poblaciones de las especies de calamares Dosidicus gigas, Illex coindetii, Illex argentinus, Todarodes sagittatus, Doryteuthis gahi y Onykia ingens Dinámica y función de los calamares en los ecosistemas Marine ecosystem change in the squid populations of Dosidicus gigas, Illex coindetii, Illex argentinus, Todarodes sagittatus, Doryteuthis gahi and Onykia ingens Dynamic and function of squid species in the ecosystems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131154.

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En esta tesis se revisaron las relaciones que existen entre las poblaciones de dos especies de calamares ommastréfidos Dosidicus gigas y Illex argentinus con las series temporales de la temperatura superficial del mar, clorofila a y las estimaciones de biomasa zooplanctónica, lo que resultó en la comprensión de que la temperatura puede afectar directamente a las poblaciones de organismos productores primarios y a los integrantes del zooplancton, y no así a los organismos juveniles y adultos de ambas especies de calamar. También se observó que en ambas especies la distribución y abundancia de presas potenciales es uno de los principales factores que determinan la localización y en algunos casos migraciones horizontales y verticales en el ecosistema. Para poder entender las relaciones que las especies de calamares guardan en los ecosistemas fue necesario implementar los estudios ecotróficos en los que se determinó la importancia que representan estos calamares en las redes tróficas como depredadores, así como la interacción entre especies semejantes de calamares con las que pueden compartir su hábitat. Para llevar esta investigación se seleccionaron tres áreas de importancia ecológica y comercial, la primera corresponde al océano Atlántico Sur en la plataforma Patagónica y las islas Malvinas/Falkland en las que se identificaron tres especies de calamar I. argentinus, D. gahi y O. ingens, la segunda corresponde al Noroeste del Mar Mediterráneo donde se identificó a I. coindetii y T. sagittatus y la tercera al océano Pacifico en las costas de México y Perú para D. gigas. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran que la tendencia de las poblaciones de estas especies es afectada directamente por las presas más abundantes y disponibles en el ecosistema, así como el desarrollo de relaciones intrínsecas entre algunas especies presa y su depredador como fue el caso de D. gigas y el pez V. lucetia.
This PhD thesis was focused in the relationships between the ommastrephid squids Dosidicus gigas and Illex argentinus with the time series of sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a and zooplankton biomass. The temperature as factor affected the primary productivity and the abundance of zooplankton, and no effects were found in the populations of juveniles and adult of both squids. In this way the distribution and abundance of squid was related to other factors such as the abundance of prey resources. Then the thesis was complemented with trophic ecology studies performed in the South Atlantic Ocean (Squid species: Doryteuthis gahi, Illex argentinus and Onykia ingens), in the Northwest Mediterranean Sea (Squid species: Todarodes sagittatus and Illex coindetii), and the South Pacific Ocean (Squid Dosidicus gigas). The results showed that the biomass and distribution of squid species are close related to the most abundant and available prey resources, and also it can be found trophic dependencies between some specific prey resources as was observed for Dosidicus gigas and the mesopelagic fish Vinciguerria lucetia .
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Traffichini, Andrea M. "Reconstruction of Northeastern Pacific Ocean Holocene Production Using Marine Mammal Archaeofauna." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2019. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/513.

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Changes in marine production play a key role in determining the trophic structure of the northeastern Pacific Ocean. This is a region of great environmental fluctuations due to modern, historical, and paleo-environmental variability recorded throughout the Holocene. These fluctuations are recorded in the bone collagen of the marine mammals that reside in these waters. Marine mammal remains from four previously excavated archaeological deposits on Unalaska Island, Alaska are used as a proxy for marine production changes throughout the Holocene (4,500 BP to 350 BP). Historic and modern samples from museum collections, subsistence harvests, and previously published data provide a distinct contrast to prehistoric marine mammals. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) derived from marine mammal bone collagen correlate to changes in marine production and food web length. The 13C and 15N of prehistoric marine mammal taxa covary through the Holocene, indicating no trophic level change with fluctuations in 13C. Changes in δ13C and δ15N of marine mammals are correlated to periods of environmental fluctuations within the Holocene. Cooler climatic periods (transitional interval, beginning of the Neoglacial Interval, and Little Ice Age) show enrichedδ13C, reflecting primary production increase, compared to warmer climate periods (end of the Neoglacial Interval into the Medieval Climatic Anomaly). Unidentified cetacean bones are isotopically distinguishable into orders Mysticeti (baleen) and Odontoceti (toothed) due to different feeding ecologies. The δ13C depletion in modern pinnipeds compared to prehistoric is likely caused by the effect of increased anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 and resulting decrease in primary production.
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Young, Carina Saxton. "Decadal variability of the Pacific subtropical cells and equatorial sea surface temperature." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31671.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Di Lorenzo, Emanuele; Committee Member: Bracco, Annalisa; Committee Member: Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Schroeder, Robert E. "The ecology of patch reef fishes in a subtropical Pacific atoll: recruitment variability, community structure and effects of fishing predators." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/18158.

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The ecology of patch reef fishes was studied to quantify the main factors that affect the natural variability of the fish community and to determine the effects produced on the community by experimental removal of predators. Initially, a year-long baseline description was completed of the physical, biological and ecological characteristics of 8 pristine patch reefs at Midway lagoon. For over 3 subsequent years, piscivorous predators were spearfished at least monthly, often for days at a time, on 4 of the 8 reefs. Fish populations were visually censused throughout the experiment. In all seasons and years of the project, daily recruitment rate of postlarval fishes to natural patch reefs was compared to that measured on standardized, artificial reefs of various sizes and degrees of inter-reef isolation. Finally, all baseline measurements were replicated and complete collections were made of all fishes, to validate the visual census method. Visual censusing was found to be of adequate precision and accuracy for most resident, non-cryptic species (highest for small patch reefs). Fishes could be assigned to size classes underwater by visual estimate with high accuracy. Rotenone collections were highly effective in quantifying many species commonly missed or underestimated in visual censuses. Only a few species composed the bulk of all recruits, while most species were rare or not seen at all. Variation between species was related to life history strategies or behavioral requirements. High temporal variability was found at the following scales: 1) Annuallywhere variability increased with the magnitude of recruitment, and different species recruited heavily in different years, suggesting that species specific factors in the plankton are more important than general oceanographic conditions; 2) Seasonally- pulsing strongly in summer, and occasionally late fall, when favorable environmental conditions may maximize growth and survival; and 3) Daily- with 1 or 2 strong peaks (each only a few days long) over a period of several weeks of low, variable recruitment. Small-scale spatial variability between replicate attractors (standardized artificial reefs) and between attractor types (coral and wire) were both high for a few species recruiting abundantly, although most recruits are probably substrate generalists. Rigorous visual fish censuses can adequately document moderate- to long-term temporal variation in the abundances of recently recruited juveniles on patch reefs (i.e., based on similar temporal patterns assessed by daily attractors). Daily total recruitment rate increased, although at diminishing densities, with (attractor) reef size, and with degree of inter-reef isolation. Abundances of recently recruited fish censused on neighboring, natural patch reefs (much larger than attractors) increased with reef size. The effect of isolation on these natural reefs was confounded by the stronger effect of reef size. These results suggest that if optimum size and spacing of reefs is provided, either by proper design of artificial reefs or selection of marine reserves, managers may enhance fish recruitment and ultimately improve local fisheries: Of the 135 fishes censused on the patch reefs studied, only 6 species together accounted for 70% of the total number of all fish, mainly due to heavy seasonal recruitment pulses. Strong seasonal and annual variability in recruitment was responsible for most of the temporal variation in fish abundance. The structure of patch reef fish communities at Midway was characterized by high unpredictability (e.g., great seasonal and/or annual variability in recruitment by common species, recruitment limitation for most species, and a high turnover rate detected by frequent sampling). Some predictions of the theory of island biogeography were also met by these fish communities (e.g., species richness correlated strongly with patch reef area, volume and relief). and total fish abundance. Some populations also exhibited a degree of long-term stability. Species diversity [H'] was similar among different size reefs. The experimental fishing on piscivores produced a catch composed mainly of lizardfish, due largely to immigration following the removal of other, competitively superior, highly resident piscivores. Scorpionfish and moray eels were also dominant predators. The expected decreases in catch-per-unit-effort were not realized, except for a quantitatively insignificant family (hawkfish). Conversely, the catch of the highly migratory lizardfish actually increased as fishing progressed. Changes in the catch composition for other piscivores related mainly to major changes in reef size or to patterns of large, inter-year recruitment fluctuations. Census data confirmed the major trends indicted by catch results. Sharks and jacks were attracted to the experimental reefs by spearfishing; the study was unable to determine whether their piscivorous effect was different between reef treatments. Patch reef fish communities at Midway were relatively resilient to long-term, intense fishing pressure on piscivores. However, enhanced survival of a large, annual, summer recruitment pulse of a common cardinalfish, synchronized with a temporary but significant reduction of lizardfish (the most prevalent piscivore) by fishing, suggested that an effect of predation on reef fish populations is experimentally detectable and considerable. However, temporal and spatial variability in recruitment, and reef size differences and changes in size were the primary factors responsible for the observed temporal patterns in fish abundance. COlnmunity analysis involves numerous confounding effects and requires the most careful interpretation for valid conclusions.
xvi, 321 leaves, bound : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Prabhakar, Gouri. "Characteristics of Regional Aerosols: Southern Arizona and Eastern Pacific Ocean." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/332834.

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Atmospheric aerosols impact the quality of our life in many direct and indirect ways. Inhalation of aerosols can have harmful effects on human health. Aerosols also have climatic impacts by absorbing or scattering solar radiation, or more indirectly through their interactions with clouds. Despite a better understanding of several relevant aerosol properties and processes in the past years, they remain the largest uncertainty in the estimate of global radiative forcing. The uncertainties arise because although aerosols are ubiquitous in the Earth's atmosphere they are highly variable in space, time and their physicochemical properties. This makes in-situ measurements of aerosols vital in our effort towards reducing uncertainties in the estimate of global radiative forcing due to aerosols. This study is an effort to characterize atmospheric aerosols at a regional scale, in southern Arizona and eastern Pacific Ocean, based on ground and airborne observations of aerosols. Metals and metalloids in particles with aerodynamic diameter (Dp) smaller than 2.5μm are found to be ubiquitous in southern Arizona. The major sources of the elements considered in the study are identified to be crustal dust, smelting/mining activities and fuel combustion. The spatial and temporal variability in the mass concentrations of these elements depend both on the source strength and meteorological conditions. Aircraft measurements of aerosol and cloud properties collected during various field campaigns over the eastern Pacific Ocean are used to study the sources of nitrate in stratocumulus cloud water and the relevant processes. The major sources of nitrate in cloud water in the region are emissions from ships and wildfires. Different pathways for nitrate to enter cloud water and the role of meteorology in these processes are examined. Observations of microphysical properties of ambient aerosols in ship plumes are examined. The study shows that there is an enhancement in the number concentration of giant cloud condensation nuclei (Dp>2 μm) in ship plumes relative to the unperturbed background regions over the ocean.
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Books on the topic "Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean"

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Bottoni, Luciana. The Pacific Ocean. Milwaukee: Raintree Publishers, 1989.

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Ocean ecology of North Pacific salmonids. Seattle: Washington Sea Grant Program, 1992.

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I, Ilʹichev V., and Anikiev V. V, eds. Oceanic and anthropogenic controls of life in the Pacific Ocean: Proceedings of the 2nd Pacific Symposium on Marine Sciences, Nakhodka, Russia, August 11-19, 1988. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Cerullo, Mary M. Sea secrets: Tiny clues to a big mystery. Lafayette, Colo: Moonlight Pub., 2008.

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Rothschild, David de. Plastiki: Across the Pacific on plastic, an adventure to save our oceans. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2011.

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Massa, Renato. Ocean environments. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1998.

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Sharp, Peter J. The Atlantic Ocean. Milwaukee: Raintree Publishers, 1989.

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Ocean worlds. Princeton: Two-Can, 2001.

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Mattson, Robert A. The living ocean. Hillside, N.J., U.S.A: Enslow, 1991.

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Debelius, Helmut. Crustacea guide of the world: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean. Frankfurt, Germany: IKAN-Unterwasserarchiv, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean"

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Proctor, Lita M. "Marine Virus Ecology." In Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean, 113–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4928-0_4.

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Merlin, Mark D., Patrick D. Nunn, John C. Kraft, Donald L. Forbes, Ian Shennan, E. Robert Thieler, Cheryl J. Hapke, et al. "Pacific Ocean Islands, Coastal Ecology." In Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, 746–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_238.

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Merlin, Mark D. "Pacific Ocean Islands, Coastal Ecology." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48657-4_238-2.

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Merlin, Mark D. "Pacific Ocean Islands, Coastal Ecology." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1335–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_238.

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DeWreede, Robert E. "The culture of marine ecology." In Asian Pacific Phycology in the 21st Century: Prospects and Challenges, 1–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0944-7_1.

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Ducklow, Hugh W., M. J. R. Fasham, and Alain F. Vézina. "Derivation and Analysis of Flow Networks for Open Ocean Plankton Systems." In Network Analysis in Marine Ecology, 159–205. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75017-5_8.

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Brusseau, Gregory A., Bruce E. Rittmann, and David A. Stahl. "Addressing the Microbial Ecology of Marine Biofilms." In Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean, 449–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4928-0_24.

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Erlandson, Jon M., Todd J. Braje, Robert L. Delong, Torben C. Rick, and Louise K. Blight. "3. Natural or Anthropogenic? Novel Community Reassembly after Historical Overharvest of Pacific Coast Pinnipeds." In Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation, edited by John N. Kittinger, Loren McClenachan, Keryn B. Gedan, and Louise K. Blight, 39–62. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520959606-007.

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Marzin, Catherine, Sian Evans, Karen Alexander, and Loren Mcclenachan. "11. Engaging Public Interest in the Ocean of the Past: The Promise of New Media." In Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation, edited by John N. Kittinger, Loren McClenachan, Keryn B. Gedan, and Louise K. Blight, 239–64. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520959606-015.

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Cronan, D. S. "Controls on the Nature and Distribution of Manganese Nodules in the Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean." In Marine Minerals, 177–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3803-8_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean"

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Hastings, Mardi C., and Whitlow W. L. Au. "Marine bioacoustics and technology: The new world of marine acoustic ecology." In ADVANCES IN OCEAN ACOUSTICS: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ocean Acoustics (OA2012). AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4765920.

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Miyazaki, N., and K. Sugiyama. "Accumulation of radionuclides in marine mammals in the North Pacific Ocean." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-223-234.

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Trizna, D. B. "Monitoring Coastal Processes and Ocean Wave Directional Spectra Using a Marine Radar." In OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceansap.2006.4393897.

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"Variability of sea surface temperature differences between western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean related to ENSO events." In Proceeding of Marine Safety and Maritime Installation. Clausius Scientific Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/msmi.2018.82619.

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Андрианова, О., O. Andrianova, А. Батырев, A. Batyrev, Р. Белевич, and R. Belevich. "TRENDS OF THE INTERANNUAL FLUCTUATIONS IN THE WORLD OCEAN LEVEL DURING THE LAST CENTURY." In Sea Coasts – Evolution ecology, economy. Academus Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b5ce386bb7293.29087345.

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The changes of the sea level in the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Oceans and the whole World Ocean for the period from 1880 till 2010 years were examined. The estimates of the values of the sea level increasing for that time period in each of the oceans and on the west and east coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans were made. For this purpose, the annual sea level data were averaged over years for 68 stations in the Atlantic Ocean, 71 stations – in the Pacific and 33 stations – the Indian. Analysis of the temporary distributions of the sea level shows that increasing of the Atlantic sea level during that period (131 years) is 24,2 cm. Sea levels of Pacific and Indian Oceans during the same period increased on smaller value, 14,5 and 12,4 cm respectively. The reason for difference between the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean in values of sea level rising, as it seems, is significant rising of the land (raising of the East coast of the Asian continent), which was occurred in about half of the stations on the west coast of the Pacific. In the Indian Ocean the zero level of water posts was not correct for many stations, and in some cases there were low quality data. The highest maxima in the sea level in the generalized curves of the temporary distributions appear with about 10-year cycles on the sea level of all oceans that is in good correlation with El Niño years.
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Kudelas, Dusan. "THE POTENTIAL OF UTILIZATION AND EVALUATION OF POLYMETALLIC NODULES BED IN CLIPPERTON-CLARION LOCALITY IN PACIFIC OCEAN." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b53/s21.064.

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Lygin, I. V., and N. S. Tkachenko. "Results of the Preliminary Analysis of Gravimetric Materials of the Grace Satellite Mission on the North-East Sector of the Pacific Ocean." In Marine Technologies 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901812.

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Deng, Fengdong, Anlin Liu, Dengke Li, Jinghong Zhang, Jin Dai, and Jing Zhuo. "Application of expert classification system in dynamic monitor of ecology environment." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Xiaoling Pan, Wei Gao, Michael H. Glantz, and Yoshiaki Honda. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.466825.

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Pan, Delu. "Satellite marine remote sensing in China." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Robert J. Frouin, Yeli Yuan, and Hiroshi Kawamura. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.466040.

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Han, Zhen, Caixing Yun, Fengjie Yang, and Cailan Gong. "Technique of marine hyperspectral remote sensing review." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Allen M. Larar, Qingxi Tong, and Makoto Suzuki. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.466847.

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Reports on the topic "Marine ecology – Pacific Ocean"

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Rowden, A. A., O. F. Anderson, S. E. Georgian, D. A. Bowden, M R Clark, A. Pallentin, and A. Miller. High-resolution, habitat-suitability maps for the conservation and management of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the Louisville Seamount Chain, south Pacific Ocean. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305921.

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Yurovskaya, M. V., and A. V. Yushmanova. Complex Investigations of the World Ocean. Proceedings of the VI Russian Scientific Conference of Young Scientists. Edited by D. A. Alekseev, A. Yu Andreeva, I. M. Anisimov, A. V. Bagaev, Yu S. Bayandina, E. M. Bezzubova, D. F. Budko, et al. Shirshov Institute Publishing House, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29006/978-5-6045110-3-9.

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The collection contains materials of the VI All-Russian Scientific Conference of Young Scientists "Complex Investigations of the World Ocean", dedicated to the discussion of the main scientific achievements of young specialists in the field of oceanology, modern methods and means of studying the World Ocean. Within the framework of the conference, issues of modern oceanology were considered in sections: ocean physics, ocean biology, ocean chemistry, marine geology, marine geophysics, marine ecology and environmental management, oceanological technology and instrumentation, as well as interdisciplinary physical and biological research of the ocean. Along with the coverage of the results obtained in the course of traditional oceanological expeditionary research, attention was paid to the development of modern methods of studying the ocean: numerical modeling and remote sensing methods of the Earth from space.
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Resource inventory of marine and estuarine fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean species from Baja California to the Alaska - Yukon border. US Geological Survey, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/70179564.

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