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Journal articles on the topic 'Marine steel'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Xu, Yong, Yanliang Huang, Fanfan Cai, et al. "Evaluation of Hydrogen Permeation into High-Strength Steel during Corrosion in Different Marine Corrosion Zones." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (2022): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062785.

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Hydrogen permeation into high-strength steel during the corrosion process can deteriorate their mechanical properties, thus seriously threatening the safety of steel structures. However, the hydrogen permeation behavior of steels in corrosive marine environments is not well understood. In this study, the hydrogen permeation behavior and mechanism of AISI 4135 steel in different marine corrosion zones was investigated for the first time using an in situ hydrogen permeation monitoring system via outdoor and indoor tests. The three-month outdoor hydrogen permeation test showed that the diffusible

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2

Varsha Pathak, Ranganath MS, and R S Mishra. "Enhancing Wear Resistance of Marine Steel with Fe Based Amorphous Coating Via HVOF Spraying." International Journal of Maritime Engineering 1, no. 1 (2024): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ijme.v1i1.1374.

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Mechanical friction in marine environments poses significant challenges, leading to resource depletion and energy consumption. Tribocorrosion, combining electrochemical corrosion and friction wear, jeopardizes metal components, necessitating robust protective measures. Despite minimal wear of marine equipment, even slight mass reductions can trigger catastrophic failures, resulting in substantial maintenance expenses. Steel structures in marine settings are vulnerable to corrosion from aggressive external and internal factors. ASTM AH36 steel, widely used in marine construction, faces wear cha

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Yang, Ying, Tianzi Lin, Guohui Wang, et al. "Corrosion Behaviors of Weathering Steels in the Actual Marine Atmospheric Zone and Immersion Zone." Metals 14, no. 8 (2024): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14080903.

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The corrosion behaviors of three bridge steels in a real tropical marine environment for 2 years were studied. One weathering steel (WS) was designed with higher levels of nickel, copper, and molybdenum compared to the other. These two kinds of WSs and one kind of ordinary high-strength low-alloy steel (Q345qe) were compared under two conditions (marine atmospheric zone and marine immersion zone at Sanya Marine Environmental Test Station). The morphology, corrosion rate, and corrosion product analysis of the steels were performed through SEM, XPS, FTIR and other characterization methods. The r

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4

Harding, J. E. "Steel in marine structures." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 9, no. 4 (1988): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(88)90066-1.

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5

Li, Zhuang, and Wei Lv. "Study of Rust Layer of TRIP Steels in Marine Environments." Materials Science Forum 921 (May 2018): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.921.256.

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The rust layer plays an important role in the corrosion of TRIP steels in marine environments. In this paper, salt spray tests were conducted in laboratory for the specimens after two-stage heat treatment. The results have shown that the corrosion performance of steel B is higher than that of steel A. The corrosion products in rust layer were a complex mixture of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe3O4and γ-Fe2O3after the salt spray tests. The contents of α-FeOOH in rust layer are more than those of γ-FeOOH in steel B. Steel B exhibits compact rust layers. This is attributed to the fact that alloying elements

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6

Jeong, Youn-Ju, Jeong-Soo Kim, Min-Su Park, and Sung-Hoon Song. "HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIORS OF LARGE STEEL-CYLINDRICAL COFFERDAM SYSTEM FOR MARINE STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.26.

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Some cofferdam systems have been applied for marine structures construction of bridges, marine foundation, and etc. Recently, new cofferdam system using large steel-cylindrical members proposed to reduce marine working periods and to improve economic of marine working. In order to construct marine cofferdam system with large steel-cylindrical members, (step 1) some modules composing of a large steel-cylindrical cofferdam system fabricate with typical height in steel factory, and (step 2) move to the construction site onto the barge towing. Then, (step 3) large steel-cylindrical cofferdam syste

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Abid, Mahmoud, Mohamed Salem, Osama Terfas, and Mohamed Hamouda. "Microstructure Changes related Mechanical Properties of Welded HSLA Steel Plates." مجلة الجامعة الأسمرية: العلوم التطبيقية 7, no. 1 (2022): 32–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/aujas.7.1.1.

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Strength and toughness of steel are the most desirable mechanical properties required in several engineering applications such as marine and oil industries. In this work, the influence of submerged arc welding (SAW) process on the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of locally produced low carbon steel plates that is used by Marine Industry and Maintenance Company (Misurata) as an alternative to the imported marine steel plates is investigated. Microstructure investigation, tensile tests, impact toughness, and hardness tests for both steels are conducted. Results show that mi

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Cui, Wen Fang, Chun Ming Liu, and Si Xun Zhang. "Mechanical Properties and Marine Corrosion Resistance of P-Bearing ULCB Steels." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.378.

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The research aims to evaluate the microstructure, mechanical properties and marine corrosion resistance of P-bearing ULCB steels. P produced stronger solution strengthening effect, but had less effect on the low temperature impact toughness of ULCB steel. With increasing P content to 0.09(mass)%, the immersion corrosion rate of ULCB steel in 3.5% NaCl obviously decreased in comparison with those steels without or with lower P content. This is attributed to that the complex effect of Cu and P promoted the formation of dense amorphous oxyhydroxide in the inner scale, which inhibited further corr

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9

Wang, Hao Xu, Zhuang Li, Yi Qin Cai, et al. "The Influence of Controlled Rolling and Cooling on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Marine Steel." Materials Science Forum 1003 (July 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1003.47.

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A microstructure consisted of granular bainite, upper bainite, acicular ferrite, polygonal ferrite, and a little of pearlite was obtained by controlling rolling and cooling in marine steel. The grain size of the two steels was refined to 5-9 μm. The size of the MA island was about 3-6 μm. Both steels had higher tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and hardness, and the performance of steel B was better than that of steel A. Both steels exhibited large and deep dimples at -80 °C impact fracture. The longitudinal impact energy of the specimens was above 250J, and the steel B even exceede

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Machuca, Laura L., Stuart I. Bailey, and Rolf Gubner. "Microbial Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels for Marine Energy Installations." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3591.

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A range of stainless steels has been investigated for resistance to microbiologically influenced corrosion in seawater. The corrosion potential was monitored for stainless steel coupons exposed to sterilized seawater and to microbiologically active seawater, which showed the effect of the growth of microorganisms. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization scans confirmed that 13%Cr stainless steel is very susceptible to localized corrosion under these conditions. 316L stainless steel was also quite susceptible to localized corrosion, whereas 2205 duplex stainless displayed good resistance to localiz

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11

Wang, Ningxi, Jianzhuo Gao, and Xuexu Xu. "Effect of Mo on the Corrosion Resistance of Cr-Containing Steel in a Simulated Tropical Marine Atmospheric Environment." Crystals 14, no. 2 (2024): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14020113.

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In this manuscript, the effect of Mo addition on the corrosion resistance of the low-alloy steel in a simulated tropical marine atmospheric environment has been studied through microstructure characterization, corrosion immersion experiments, electrochemical measurement, and a series of microscopic characterization methods. The results show that Mo has the ability to reduce the corrosion rate of low-alloy steel in a marine atmospheric environment, with a more pronounced reduction effect observed over longer corrosion periods. The addition of Mo enhances the corrosion product film’s compactness

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12

Yang, Jie, Guang Feng Xi, and Xi Qiu Fan. "Progress of Mechanism and Research Methods of Marine Corrosion of Steels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 80-81 (July 2011): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.80-81.3.

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Steel constructions located in marine environments are exposed to more serious corrosion than in other environments, which result in great loss in lives and economy. So it is very important to carry out research work on the influence factor and mechanism of marine corrosion with necessary methods. In this paper, influence factors in marine environment of steels were discussed, the corrosion mechanism of five different zones in marine environment was summarized and the progress of research methods for marine corrosion was reviewed.

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Fu, Jian Xun, Le Chen, Chang Jin Wu, and Yan Xin Wu. "Marine Engineering Steels – Properties Requirements and Evaluation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 692 (November 2014): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.692.465.

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With the implementation of China's maritime strategy, the demand for marine engineering steel is increasing sharply. Due to the harsh service conditions of marine engineering steel, there are strict requirements in corrosion resistance, structural toughness, welding property, high strength and cold tolerance. This paper introduces the corrosion resistance, structural toughness and welding property of marine engineering steel in detail. Marine corrosion could be divided into uniform corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, impact corrosion, cavitation corrosion, galvanic corrosion, corrosion fati

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Jung, Rockhoon, Hana LIM, and Hyun-Jong Kim. "Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Type 316L Stainless Steel in Marine Environments: Role of Surface Roughness and Organic Acid Passivation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 13 (2024): 1575. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02131575mtgabs.

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Stainless steel is widely used in marine environments due to its excellent corrosion resistance properties. However, recent occurrences of corrosion issues related to Type 316L stainless steel in marine atmospheric environments have led to concerns regarding the suitability of Type 316L stainless steel material selection according to international standards. Factors such as surface roughness and passivation treatments can significantly affect the corrosion behavior of stainless steel in marine atmospheres. In particular, the surface roughness of conventional stainless steel piping can lead to

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15

Deev, A. A., G. Yu Kalinin, and K. E. Sadkin. "Promising use of high-strength nitrogen steel for the ice belt of marine machinery operating in the extreme arctic conditions." Voprosy Materialovedeniya, no. 3(107) (December 4, 2021): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2021-107-3-229-237.

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This article shows the possibility of using high-strength nitrogen-containing corrosion-resistant steel grade 04Kh20N6G11M2AFB for the construction of critical elements and units of marine equipment operating at low temperatures, including the Arctic. The advantages of nitrogen-containing steel over clad steel AB2 + 08Kh18N10T always used in shipbuilding and welded steel of F500W category are considered. According to the assessment of testing of homogeneous nitrogen steel sheets, the level of its physical and mechanical properties exceeds the analogous parameters of traditional AB2 + 08Kh18N10

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16

Zhang, Da Lei, You Hai Jin, Yan Li, and Xiao Tang. "Effect of Sulphite Sediment on Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptivity of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Exposed to Simulated Marine Atmosphere." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 1617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1617.

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Hydrogen permeation and embrittlement behavior of hot-dip galvanized steels with different sulphite sediment on surface exposed to stimulant marine atmospheric environment was investigated by hydrogen permeation current measurement using modified Devanathan-Stachurski cell, slow strain rate tensile test and scanning electron microscopy technique. The results indicated that hydrogen permeation curves were increasing along with the sediment rising gradually. On the other hand, it was found that hydrogen absorption was accelerated by the cathodic protection of scratched steel surface afforded by

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17

Wang, Chaoyi, Ling Yan, Xueting Chang, and Wenrui An. "Effect of surface state on wear performance of low alloy high strength marine steel." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2842, no. 1 (2024): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2842/1/012007.

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Abstract For ships sailing in polar ice regions, the marine steel not only has to be safely served at low temperatures but also may be abraded by hard sea ice. However, marine steel is inevitably affected by corrosion in seawater whose surface state and oxide type have a great influence on wear performance. To study the influence of the surface state on the wear performance of low alloy high-strength marine steel, the 460 MPa class high-strength marine steel was used as the research object to test the strength and plastic of the material. Further, γ-FeOOH oxide layer steel sample, untreated st

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18

Liu, Jun, Laizheng Luo, Lijun Feng, Yupeng He, and Shuai Wu. "Study on Corrosion Damage Behavior of 300M Ultra-high Strength Steel in Marine Atmospheric Environment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2884, no. 1 (2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2884/1/012008.

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Abstract The marine atmospheric environment exposure test of 300M ultra-high strength steel was carried out at Hainan test station. The corrosion damage behavior of 300M ultra-high strength steel in marine atmospheric environment was studied by macroscopic and microscopic corrosion morphology, tensile properties and stress corrosion. The results show that the comprehensive corrosion behavior of 300M ultra-high strength steel occurred in the marine atmospheric environment. The color of the corrosion products changed from red to reddish brown, dark brown and black, and the maximum corrosion dept

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19

Dugarte, M., and A. A. Sagüés. "Cathodic Prevention of Steel in Previously Cracked Concrete." Materials Performance 61, no. 3 (2022): 28–31. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2022_61_3-28.

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Steel in concrete in marine service corrodes when the critical chloride threshold level, CT, is exceeded and causes passive film breakdown on the steel surface. One corrosion management technology that holds considerable promise is cathodic prevention (CPrev). It relies on applying a cathodic current density to the reinforcing steel starting when it is still passive. CPrev systems have been applied successfully to steel in sound concrete. However, effectiveness in marine service in the presence of preexisting concrete cracks has not been established. Reinforced concrete blocks with controlled

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20

Rodionova, Irina, and Andrey Amezhnov. "Improving the corrosion resistance of steels intended for use in seawater." E3S Web of Conferences 121 (2019): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912104011.

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The results of study of influence of the chemical composition of steel, the structural condition and contamination of nonmetallic inclusions of various types on its corrosion resistance in seawater are presented in the paper. The requirements for increased-corrosion-resistance steel for marine conditions and oilfield pipelines have been compared. It has been shown that a mandatory requirement for ensuring high corrosion resistance of steels is to ensure the purity of steels from unfavorable types of nonmetallic inclusions. It has also been shown that reducing the carbon content and alloying wi

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Hachem, Ghassan, and Wassim Raphael. "Sustainable corrosion protection of steel bulkhead wall by installation of pultruded GFRP panels." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 9, no. 4 (2025): 984–1007. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i4.6146.

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In marine environments, particularly in wharf structures, the corrosion of steel bulkhead walls poses a significant threat to structural integrity and safety, resulting in substantial economic and environmental burdens due to frequent maintenance and potential structural failures. Traditional corrosion protection methods, such as coatings and cathodic protection, offer temporary solutions but are hindered by their limited lifespan, high maintenance costs, and potential environmental impacts due to the use of hazardous materials. This study proposes a solution utilizing pultruded Glass Fiber Re

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22

Jiang, Jianbo, Nannan Li, Qinglin Li, et al. "Effect of Ca and Sb on the Corrosion Resistance of E690 Steel in Marine Atmosphere Environment." Metals 13, no. 5 (2023): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13050826.

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This study investigates the impact of Ca and Sb elements on the corrosion resistance of E690 steel in a simulated marine environment. Electrochemical testing and dry/wet cyclic corrosion testing were conducted on prepared E690 steel specimens. The eroded specimens’ microstructure was observed under a scanning electron microscope, and the inclusion morphology was analyzed using an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The simulating liquid was designed to emulate the severe marine atmospheric environment in Xisha. Results showed that the addition of Ca and Sb elements effectively enhances the c

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Fourlaris, G., T. Gladman, and M. Maylin. "Microscopical Examination of a Super Austenitic Stainless Steel." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 687–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600010321.

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Stainless steels have significant applications due to their good corrosion resistance. However, for applications in a marine environment, i.e. for certain types of large naval structures, in addition to the good corrosion resistance, other requirements are imposed on the candidate material such as high strength and toughness coupled with suitable magnetic characteristics.It has been demonstrated in earlier publications that significant improvements in the coercivity, maximum induction and remanence values can be achieved, by using a 2205 type Duplex austenitic -ferritic stainless steel (DSS) i

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Gao, Jianzhuo, Ningxi Wang, Hui Chen, and Xuexu Xu. "The Influence of 1 wt.% Cr on the Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steel in Marine Environments." Metals 13, no. 6 (2023): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13061050.

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In this study, the effects of 1 wt.% Cr addition on the corrosion behavior and mechanisms of low-alloy structural steel in a marine environment were investigated through immersion experiments, corrosion product analysis, and electrochemical experimental systems. The results demonstrate that the addition of 1 wt.% Cr significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of low-alloy steel in marine environments. The influence of Cr addition on the corrosion product layer was analyzed through rust layer morphology, cross-sectional morphology, elemental distribution, and electrochemical systems. Cr add

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Xu, Guanhua, and Feilong Liu. "Effects of High-Frequency Vibration on Residual Stress and Microstructure of Carbon Steel for Marine Structures: Comparative Analysis with Tempering." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 3 (2025): 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13030408.

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To improve the safety and service life of carbon steel used in marine structures, appropriate regulation of residual stress in carbon steel is required. This paper investigates the effects of high-frequency vibratory stress relief (VSR) and tempering on the residual stress, microstructure, and surface hardness of 45 steel. After the high-frequency VSR and tempering at 200 °C for 30 min treatment, the microstructure is still tempered martensite. When the 45 steel experimental specimens were tempered at 600 °C for 30 min, the microstructure changed from tempered martensite to tempered sorbite, a

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Chowwanonthapunya, Thee. "The pitting corrosion monitoring of stainless steel in a simulated corrosive condition in marine applications." Maritime Technology and Research 1, no. 1 (2018): Proof. http://dx.doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2019.146185.

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This paper describes the pitting corrosion monitoring of ferritic and austenitic stainless steel under a simulated acidic condition of marine appications. The monitoring deals with the corrosion weight loss and metallurgical investigation. The results indicated that the stainless steel with passive film shows the good corroison resistance to the simulated corrosive environment for the all test periods. In contrast, the stainless steel without passive film cannot provide the inhibiting effect for the whole test periods. After the 24 hr. of testing , both of the stainless steel are locally attac

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Lawal, Sunday Lukeman, Sunday Adeniran Afolalu, Tien Chien Jen, and Esther Titilayo Akinlabi. "Corrosion Control and its Application in Marine Environment - A Review." Solid State Phenomena 355 (February 15, 2024): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-634sdi.

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It is natural to define marine corrosion in terms of the different zones in which the corrosion occurs such as atmosphere splash, tidal and sea mud etc. However, this study focused on issues affecting the marine structures, different types of corrosion and their impact on the marine steel structures as well as the machinery/equipment. Furthermore, several control measures of corrosion necessary to avert corrosion in marine environments were discussed. However, it was established that prolonged contact of marine structures with seawater would lead to corrosion as well as ruing the safety elemen

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Jia, Donghe, Wenqing Shi, Hao Zhang, et al. "Effects of Y2O3 Content on Wear Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of 316L/TiC Coating Fabricated by Laser Cladding." Coatings 13, no. 8 (2023): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081348.

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Laser cladding technology is a surface modification technology emerging in recent years, and it is widely used in the marine engineering field. Since the structural steels used in marine engineering are mostly carbon steels, their wear resistance and corrosion resistance are poor. In this paper, 316 L stainless steel/TiC composite coatings with different Y2O3 addition amounts were fabricated on Q355B steel surface using the laser cladding technology, and the phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the coatings were investigated with an X-r

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Park, Seongsik, Jong Ryol Kim, Young Ryun Kim, Seokjin Yoon, and Kyunghoi Kim. "Assessment of Heavy Metals Eluted from Materials Utilized in Artificial Reefs Implemented in South Korea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 11 (2022): 1720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111720.

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In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of artificial reefs (ARs) made from concrete, steel, and steel slag on the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr6+, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in marine ecosystems. We conducted a field investigation of the concentration of heavy metals (HMs) in seawater and marine organisms in the East Sea, South Korea and complemented it with an indoor elution experiment. The concentrations of the eight HMs in the field investigation and elution experiment satisfied the environmental standards. In the elution experiment, elution of Cr6+ from the concrete models was confir

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Calderón-Uríszar-Aldaca, Iñigo, Estibaliz Briz, Amaia Matanza, Ulises Martin, and David M. Bastidas. "Corrosion Fatigue Numerical Model for Austenitic and Lean-Duplex Stainless-Steel Rebars Exposed to Marine Environments." Metals 10, no. 9 (2020): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10091217.

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Steel rebars of structures exposed to cyclic loadings and marine environments suffer an accelerated deterioration process by corrosion fatigue, causing catastrophic failure before service life ends. Hence, stainless steel rebars have been emerging as a way of mitigating pitting corrosion contribution to fatigue, despite the increased cost. The present study proposes a corrosion fatigue semiempirical model. Different samples of rebars made of carbon steel, 304L austenitic (ASS), 316L ASS, 2205 duplex (DSS), 2304 lean duplex stainless steels (LDSS), and 2001 LDSS have been embedded in concrete a

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Apoorva, S., and Prathap Kumar M. T. Dr. "Evaluation of Corrosion of Rebar under Simulated Marine Conditions." Journal of Advanced Cement & Concrete Technology 6, no. 1 (2023): 25–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7697632.

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Corrosion of steel reinforcement leading to deterioration of concrete is caused by an electrochemical due to the formation of small anodes and cathodes, resulting in ion movement between the two electrodes. Under marine environment, the inclusion of chloride into concrete is the primary reasons of reinforcement corrosion. The objective of the present study is to assess the extent of corrosion of rebar using accelerated corrosion test under simulated marine condition. In the present study, 150mm x 150mm x 150mm concrete cube specimens along with 8mm steel bar as reinforcement was used to assess

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Chico, Belen, Jenifer Alcántara, Elizabeth Pino, et al. "Rust exfoliation on carbon steels in chloride-rich atmospheres." Corrosion Reviews 33, no. 5 (2015): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2015-0025.

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AbstractThe exposure of carbon steel in marine atmospheres can lead in certain circumstances to the formation of thick rust layers (containing a number of compact laminas) that are easily detached (exfoliated) from the steel substrate, leaving it unprotected and considerably accelerating the corrosion process. This deterioration phenomenon is of particular concern in steel infrastructures located close to the sea (civil constructions, bridges, etc.), whose service lifetime can be extraordinarily limited. High times of wetness of the metallic surface and high chloride ion deposition rates play

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Zhang, Da Lei, Yan Li, You Hai Jin, and Xiao Tang. "Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptivity of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel in Wet-Dry Cyclic Simulated Marine Atmospheric Environment." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 1443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1443.

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Hydrogen permeation and embrittlement behavior of hot-dip galvanized steels in wet-dry cyclic simulated marine atmospheric environment was investigated by hydrogen permeation current measurement using modified Devanathan-Stachurski cell, slow strain rate tensile test and scanning electron microscopy technique. It was found that hydrogen absorption was accelerated in wet-dry cyclic environment. On the other hand, hydrogen absorption and permeation reduced the percentage elongation after fracture of galvanized steel specimens; meanwhile, the fracture characteristics of samples fringe occurred so

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Huțanu, Gabriela, Liviu Andrușcă, Mihai Popa, Vasile Manole, Ioan Știrbu, and Nicanor Cimpoeșu. "ANALYSIS OF FRACTURE THROUGH TENSION AND TORSION OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL." International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies 16, no. 2 (2024): 65–71. https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2024.16.2.65.

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Stainless steels have many applications at industrial scale and are used more and more for functional parts. In part of them tensile and torsion forces are applied and fracture can occur. Structural analysis of 316L steel was made after fracture through tensile and torsion of the samples. Torsion force was from both sides equally applied using a patented dispositive. Scanning electron microscopy (2D and 3D SEM), optical microscopy (LOM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate the fractures obtained through tensile and torsion. The results reveal the appearance of two or

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Gartner, Nina, Tadeja Kosec, and Andraž Legat. "Monitoring the Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Exposed to a Marine Environment." Materials 13, no. 2 (2020): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020407.

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Reinforced concrete structures require continuous monitoring and maintenance to prevent corrosion of the carbon steel reinforcement. In this work, concrete columns with carbon and stainless steel reinforcements were exposed to a real marine environment. In order to monitor the corrosion processes, two types of corrosion probes were embedded in these columns at different height levels. The results from the monitoring of the probes were compared to the actual corrosion damage in the different exposure zones. Electrical resistance (ER) probes and coupled multi-electrodes (CMEs) were shown to be p

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Abdolahi, Ahmad, Esah Hamzah, Zaharah Ibrahim, and Shahrir Hashim. "Microbially influenced corrosion of steels by Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Corrosion Reviews 32, no. 3-4 (2014): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2013-0047.

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AbstractMicrobially influenced corrosion (MIC) is a destructive type of corrosion that is initiated, facilitated, or accelerated by the presence and metabolic activity of bacteria. MIC of steels is a great issue in many industries such as marine, freshwater systems, and gas/oil pipelines. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the aerobic slime-forming bacteria that are ubiquitous in marine environment that corrode steel structures. This article aims to provide a review on MIC of steels caused by bacteria, mostly in the case of P. aeruginosa. The mechanisms of MIC will be discussed based on bacteria

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Banthia, Nemkumar, and Christiane Foy. "Marine Curing of Steel Fiber Composites." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 1, no. 2 (1989): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(1989)1:2(86).

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Chen, Yunxiang, Xiaojian Xia, Yao Huang, Yicheng Hong, Deyuan Lin, and Yanjin Lu. "Comparison study of rust layers formed on Q420 and weathering steel after 6 years of exposure in marine atmospheres." Metallurgical Research & Technology 119, no. 1 (2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022008.

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In this study, the corrosion products formed on Q420 and weathering steel (WS) after 6 years of exposure in marine atmospheres in Pingtan, Fujian Province in China was examined. The evolution of the rust layers in terms of surface and cross-sectional morphologies were observed by SEM, while the consisted phases on the Q420 and WS were detected by XRD. The protective effect of the rust layers on the steels was studied by the electrochemical tests. The results of weight loss indicated that the Q420 had a relatively higher corrosion rate than that of the WS steel. The SEM observation showed that

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Filin, V. Yu. "Quality control of steel for large-sized welded structures of Arctic shelf. Application of Russian and foreign requirements." Voprosy Materialovedeniya, no. 2(98) (August 11, 2019): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2019-98-2-136-153.

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Future large-scale development of Arctic inevitably requires marine structures both of Russian and foreign manufacturers and, correspondingly, applying of domestic and foreign steels. So, it is expedient to compare Russian and foreign systems of standard requirements for steel products and welded joints’ metal applied at low temperatures. The paper analyzes their theoretical and experimental grounding as it is extremely important because the difference in requirements serves an instrument to drive out Russian steel manufacturers from international projects.

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Xu, Bo, Baozhuang Sun, Yang Dai, et al. "Understanding the Non-Steady Electrochemical Mechanisms of the Stress Corrosion Cracking of X70 Pipeline Steel in a Marine Environment." Materials 18, no. 9 (2025): 2073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18092073.

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In this study, a non-stationary electrochemical model was verified to be equally applicable to X70 pipeline steel under polarization potential in a marine environment, and the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) was revealed. A quick SCC evaluation model for X70 pipeline steel in a marine environment was established. The model only requires electrochemical tests and a small number of slow strain rate tests to obtain the stress corrosion susceptibility distribution of pipeline steel across the whole potential range. The model is applicable to the marine environment and is characterized

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Dong, Ruifeng, Peiying Zhou, Jiquan Chen, et al. "Effect of Trace Rare Earth Element Cerium (Ce) on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Strength Marine Engineering Steel." Crystals 14, no. 10 (2024): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14100863.

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In this paper, FH460 special steel with rare earth element cerium (Ce) was selected, and the control group without Ce was set up. By changing the content of Ce, the microstructure, phase transition point, and mechanical properties of the test steel were observed to study the effect of trace rare earth element Ce on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength marine engineering steel. The morphology and energy spectrum of inclusions in three kinds of test steels were observed by SEM, and the morphological changes in inclusions in FH460 high-strength marine engineering steel af

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Hu, Jiezhen, Junhao Zeng, Wenjuan Liu, Peichang Deng, Xin Hu, and Peilin Wang. "Numerical Simulation Study on the Corrosion Behaviour of Q345 Steel in a Simulated Marine Thermocline." Materials 17, no. 15 (2024): 3808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17153808.

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Changes in temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen content, and nutrients, which are key factors that cause metal corrosion, are common in marine thermoclines. To study the corrosion behaviours and reveal the corrosion mechanisms of metals in a marine thermocline, COMSOL 6.2 software is used in this paper. With this software, the corrosion behaviour of Q345 steel in a thermocline is numerically simulated, and a simulated marine thermocline is built indoors for experimental research purposes. The corrosion behaviour and mechanism of Q345 steel in a marine thermocline were investigated through numeric

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Hu, Jiezhen, Guodong Lin, Peichang Deng, Ziyun Li, and Yuwan Tian. "Galvanic Corrosion of E690 Offshore Platform Steel in a Simulated Marine Thermocline." Metals 14, no. 3 (2024): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14030287.

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Marked changes in temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) content, and nutrient content typically occur in marine thermoclines, which are key factors that affect the corrosion of metals. Offshore platforms require marine metals to be exposed to deep-sea environments and thus increase their penetration into the marine thermocline. This study investigates the galvanic corrosion of E690 steel in a marine thermocline using a simulated marine thermocline (SMT). Specifically, the corrosion of E690 steel was analyzed using the wire beam electrode (WBE) technique, linear polarization (LP), corrosion mo

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Qin, Dong, Lu Xiayang, and Xu Geng. "Experimental Study on Low-Cycle Fatigue Characteristics of Marine Structural Steel." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 4 (2024): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12040651.

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This research focuses on the experimental investigation of the low-cycle fatigue characteristics of marine structural steel. The study aimed to explore the behavior of marine-grade steel under low-cycle fatigue conditions. The experimental parameters include the fatigue life of the material, crack propagation behavior, and a comprehensive analysis of mechanical properties associated with various loading conditions. Based on the experimental results, a low-cycle fatigue crack propagation rate model for marine structural steel plates was established using CTOD as a characterization parameter. Th

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Tian, Yuwan, Nanchuan Wang, Cheng Wen, Gongqi Lou, and Bisheng Zhong. "Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Mg-Al-pAB-LDH Coating for Steel in the Marine Environment." Coatings 14, no. 10 (2024): 1307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14101307.

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In this study, the surface of steel was coated with a Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating in order to enhance its corrosion resistance in the marine environment. The crystal structure, micro-morphology, and chemical composition of the Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating were characterised using physicochemical techniques. The corrosion protection performance in a simulated marine environment was evaluated through electrochemical methods. The results indicate that the Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating effectively adsorbs chloride ions from the environment, thereby increasing the corrosion potential of the steel in chloride environmen

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Xu, Qingzhong, Jichen Liu, Gangjun Cai, Dewen Jiang, and Jian Zhou. "A Fuzzy Evaluation of Tool Materials in the Turning of Marine Steels." Metals 11, no. 11 (2021): 1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111710.

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To recommend one suitable tool material for the cutting of marine steels under special conditions and requirements in emergency rescues of capsized steel ships, the cermet tools, cemented carbide tools and coated carbide tools were evaluated using a fuzzy evaluation method concerning cutting force, cutting temperature, surface roughness and tool wear. Experimental results indicate that the tool cutting performance was diverse and difficult to evaluate with a single evaluation index. The cemented carbide tools presented bad cutting performance with severe wear. Compared with the cemented carbid

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Cao, Yu-Peng, Shu-Ming Cheng, Wei-Dong Shi, Yong-Fei Yang, and Gao-Wei Wang. "Experimental Study on Surface Erosion of Grade A Marine Steel by Ultrahigh-Pressure Water Jet." Water 14, no. 12 (2022): 1953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14121953.

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To investigate the interaction and erosion mechanisms between an ultrahigh-pressure water jet and the surface of Grade A marine steel, this study used the ANSYS FLUENT software to simulate the hydrodynamic characteristics of an ultrahigh-pressure water jet. To erode the Grade A marine steel, a water jet with ultrahigh-pressure (200 MPa, 40 L/min) was used. An ASMC2-4 resistance strain gauge collected the dynamic strain signal at the back of the sample during jet impingement, and the simulation results were compared to experimental results. A scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractom

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Nascimento, Jean Victal do, Rafael Adão de Carvalho, Davi Pereira Garcia, Rômulo Maziero, Edelize Angelica Gomes, and Juan Carlos Campos Rubio. "Stainless steel corrosion in instrumentation pipe." Cadernos UniFOA 14, no. 40 (2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47385/cadunifoa.v14i40.2940.

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Corrosion, being a destructive process, causes damage in almost all industrial sectors. In this way, it is harmful both from an economic, social and, especially, safety point of view, as it can cause failures in critical equipment and components of an industrial process. At this point, stainless steels are considered the most corrosion resistant metals. The resistance depends on the chemical composition and microstructure, factors that directly influence the passivation of these materials. The resistance is proportionally related to the addition of chromium (Cr) to the mixture, as well as othe

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49

Nascimento, Jean Victal do, Rafael Adão de Carvalho, Davi Pereira Garcia, Rômulo Maziero, Edelize Angelica Gomes, and Juan Carlos Campos Rubio. "Stainless steel corrosion in instrumentation pipe." Cadernos UniFOA 14, no. 40 (2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47385/cadunifoa.v14.n40.2940.

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Abstract:

Corrosion, being a destructive process, causes damage in almost all industrial sectors. In this way, it is harmful both from an economic, social and, especially, safety point of view, as it can cause failures in critical equipment and components of an industrial process. At this point, stainless steels are considered the most corrosion resistant metals. The resistance depends on the chemical composition and microstructure, factors that directly influence the passivation of these materials. The resistance is proportionally related to the addition of chromium (Cr) to the mixture, as well as othe

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50

Nascimento, Jean Victal do, Rafael Adão de Carvalho, Davi Pereira Garcia, Rômulo Maziero, Edelize Angelica Gomes, and Juan Carlos Campos Rubio. "Stainless steel corrosion in instrumentation pipe." Cadernos UniFOA 14, no. 40 (2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47385/cadunifoa.v14.n40.2940.

Full text

Abstract:

Corrosion, being a destructive process, causes damage in almost all industrial sectors. In this way, it is harmful both from an economic, social and, especially, safety point of view, as it can cause failures in critical equipment and components of an industrial process. At this point, stainless steels are considered the most corrosion resistant metals. The resistance depends on the chemical composition and microstructure, factors that directly influence the passivation of these materials. The resistance is proportionally related to the addition of chromium (Cr) to the mixture, as well as othe

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