Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marion Island

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Academic literature on the topic 'Marion Island'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Marion Island"

1

Grobler, G. C., A. D. S. Bastos, C. T. Chimimba, and S. L. Chown. "Inter-island dispersal of flightless Bothrometopus huntleyi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Island archipelago." Antarctic Science 23, no. 3 (2011): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102011000113.

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AbstractBothrometopus huntleyi is a flightless weevil endemic to the volcanically-formed sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands archipelago that arose approximately 0.5 million years ago (m.y.a.). Since emergence, a series of volcanic and glaciation events have occurred on Marion Island, whilst Prince Edward Island, the second island constituting the archipelago, has remained largely unaffected by glaciation. Cytochrome oxidase I gene analyses indicate that major historical dispersal events in this species are linked to the geologically discrete histories of these islands and underlie the high haplotype diversity (0.995) recovered for the Prince Edward Islands archipelago. The estimated time to haplotype coalescence of ∼ 0.723 m.y.a. is in keeping with estimated dates of island emergence, and the majority of individuals appear to have descended from a relict, high-altitude population that is still present on Marion Island. The first major inter-island dispersal event occurred ∼ 0.507 m.y.a., coinciding with the oldest dated rocks on Marion Island. Apart from this early inter-island colonization, only one other between-island dispersal event was detected. The genetically discrete B. huntleyi complexes on each of the islands of the Prince Edward Islands archipelago together with the low levels of inter-island gene flow reaffirm the need to control alien invasive mice, which are restricted to Marion Island, and which prey on this weevil species.
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2

Bourne, W. R. P. "Marion Island airfield." Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, no. 6 (1987): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(87)90484-x.

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3

Bergstrom, Dana M., and V. R. Smith. "Alien vascular flora of Marion and Prince Edward Islands: new species, present distribution and status." Antarctic Science 2, no. 4 (1990): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102090000426.

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The presence and distribution of alien plant species on subantarctic Marion and Prince Edward Islands is reviewed and updated. This study documents the finding of a well established population of Cerastium fontanum on Prince Edward Island. An additional taxa, Senecio sp., is recorded in association with a recurrence of Plantago lanceolata on Marion Island. Propagules of both these taxa have recently been dispersed to the island in building material imported from South Africa. The distribution of Agrostis stolonifera and Sagina apetala on Marion Island has increased markedly between 1981 and 1989.
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4

Cerfonteyn, Mia, and Peter G. Ryan. "Have burrowing petrels recovered on Marion Island two decades after cats were eradicated? Evidence from sub-Antarctic skua prey remains." Antarctic Science 28, no. 1 (2015): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102015000474.

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AbstractIn the 1980s, penguins dominated the prey remains of sub-Antarctic skuas Stercorarius antarcticus breeding on Marion Island, whereas on neighbouring Prince Edward Island burrowing petrels made up >95% of prey remains in nest middens. This difference resulted at least in part from the impact of introduced cats Felis catus on Marion Island’s burrowing petrel populations. Cats were introduced to Marion Island in 1949, and prior to their eradication in 1991, they killed an estimated 450 000 petrels each year, greatly reducing the densities of petrels breeding on the island. A repeat survey of skua prey remains showed that penguins still dominated the prey of breeding sub-Antarctic skuas on Marion Island in the summer of 2010–11, two decades after cats were eradicated from the island. The proportion of penguin remains decreased slightly compared to 1987–88, but this might be expected given the decreases in penguin numbers on Marion Island over this period. Regurgitated pellets confirmed the dominance of penguin prey on Marion Island. Taken together with the decrease in skua numbers on Marion Island over the last two decades, our results suggest that there has been little recovery in the population of at least summer-breeding burrowing petrels since cats were eradicated.
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5

Hall, Kevin, Ian Meiklejohn, and Adam Bumby. "Marion Island volcanism and glaciation." Antarctic Science 23, no. 2 (2010): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102010000878.

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AbstractSub-Antarctic Marion Island was the site of extensive volcanism as well as glaciation during both the Quaternary and the Holocene. Initial reconstructions suggested a link between deglaciation and the initiation of faulting which, in turn, facilitated lava eruptions during the interglacials. However, our reassessment of the faulting, volcanic rock, and palaeoglacier distribution indicate that these original interpretations were erroneous. Features thought to be due to faulting are shown to be erosional scarps and this significantly changes interpretations of former glacier distribution. Further, the loss of the former ice cap has revealed new information on former glaciers and their flow directions, thereby allowing reconstruction of palaeoglaciers. Our new reconstruction fits with information from invertebrate genetic mapping that suggest some lava outcrops were nunataks and, therefore, refuges during the Last Glacial period. The new findings of glacial landforms in areas previously covered by snow suggest there was a significant ice advance during the Little Ice Age. Although Holocene volcanic rocks overlie and mask much of the glacial evidence, it has been possible to develop a proposed new reconstruction for glaciation, which is presented together with some of the implications.
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6

Cooper, John, Nico L. Avenant, and Peter W. Lafite. "Airdrops and king penguins: a potential conservation problem at sub-Antarctic Marion Island." Polar Record 30, no. 175 (1994): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400024530.

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ABSTRACTEvidence for the disturbance of king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) and other seabirds at sub-Antarctic islands by fixed-wing aircraft making airdrops is reviewed. Based on direct observations of panicking birds at king penguin colonies at Marion Island as Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft flew past, it is postulated that the incident at Macquarie Island in 1990 when many king penguins were found dead shortly after a flypast was most likely caused by panic induced by the aircraft's passage. Visits by fixed-wing aircraft to sub-Antarctic islands should be kept to a minimum and no airstrips should be built on them. Specific recommendations are given for fixed-wing aircraft visits to Marion Island, in order to reduce disturbance to king penguins and other seabirds to the absolute minimum. These recommendations should be adopted at all sub-Antarctic islands.
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7

Rudolph, E. M., D. W. Hedding, and W. Nel. "The surface geology of the Prince Edward Islands: refined spatial data and call for geoconservation." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 3 (2021): 627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0014.

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Abstract Volcanological maps of the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands were first published in 1968, with a revised surface geology map of Marion Island produced in 2006. These maps have been widely used in terrestrial studies on the Prince Edward Islands but they have limitations in spatial accuracy and detail. Using high-resolution satellite imagery and digital elevation data, more spatially accurate data for both Prince Edward and Marion Island’s surface geology are presented here. In particular, Marion Island’s volcanology on the western coast, including the 1980s lava flow, and the newly exposed Central Highland following the disappearance of extensive ice and snow cover is mapped with greater detail and verified through field observations. The spatial data are downloadable as ESRI layer packages, which can assist in future investigations of island biotic-abiotic processes and interactions and enable improvements in spatial modelling. In addition, this paper highlights geological features and specimens from the Prince Edward Islands as unique examples of geodiversity in a South African context. An overview of these features are provided in terms of their geoheritage value to enable a more comprehensive geoconservation strategy be incorporated into the Prince Edward Islands Management Plan.
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8

Oosthuizen, W. Chris, P. J. Nico de Bruyn, Mia Wege, and Marthán N. Bester. "Geographic variation in subantarctic fur seal pup growth: linkages with environmental variability and population density." Journal of Mammalogy 97, no. 2 (2015): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv181.

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Abstract Marine predator populations are sensitive to temporal variation in prey availability, but prey dynamics are often difficult to quantify. Long-term measures of offspring growth is a useful performance attribute to gauge the potential demographic direction for such predator populations, especially where other metrics (e.g., population size estimates) are lacking. Subantarctic fur seal ( Arctocephalus tropicalis ) females are central place foragers during a protracted lactation period, and their foraging success determines the growth and vitality of their offspring. Using data spanning over 2 decades, we assessed geographic and temporal variation in growth rates and weaning mass of subantarctic fur seal pups at 2 of the species’ principal populations (Gough and Marion islands) and identified environmental conditions that may, through assumed bottom-up mechanisms, affect body mass at weaning. While Marion Island pups grew at an average rate of between 0.040 and 0.067kg/day early in lactation (comparable to conspecific growth at Amsterdam Island), the mean growth rate at Gough Island (approximately 0.030kg/day) was lower than the growth rate represented by the bottom 5% of the body mass distribution at Marion Island. Notwithstanding substantial interannual variability, we found support for a negative trend in weaning mass at both populations, suggesting a rise in limiting factors that is hypothesized to relate to concurrent local population size increases. Weaning mass tended to be higher when sea surface temperatures were warmer (with a stronger positive effect at Gough Island) and during positive phases of the Southern Oscillation Index (La Niña events), with a stronger positive effect in males. Given the low weaning mass of Gough Island fur seal pups, continued population growth here seems unlikely. While density-dependent regulation appears to have increased in strength at Marion Island, terminating rapid population growth, current weaning weights remain above the physiological limits of growth in subantarctic fur seals.
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9

Mercer, Richard D., A. G. A. Gabriel, J. Barendse, D. J. Marshall, and S. L. Chown. "Invertebrate body sizes from Marion Island." Antarctic Science 13, no. 2 (2001): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102001000219.

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Body size was measured for 67 of the approximately 120 invertebrate species on Marion Island. These include more than 60% of the 29 acarine families, and more than 80% of the remaining terrestrial invertebrate species. Thus the data are regarded as representative of the entire invertebrate fauna of sub-Antarctic, Marion Island. Length–mass and fresh–dry mass relationships were calculated for orders, families and species to provide a means of estimating body size parameters for species in collections and those which are known from only a few specimens. A comparison of the regression slopes for the different taxonomic ranks indicates that it is better to use regressions from the lowest possible taxonomic level for prediction of body mass. Differences between length–mass relationships for Marion Island insects and continental assemblages raises the question as to the applicability of continental regressions to sub-Antarctic species. This study provides a useful means for estimating body size parameters for Antarctic and sub-Antarctic invertebrates and provides baseline data on an important species trait that seems to be changing with local and global environmental changes.
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10

Hofmeyr, G. J. G., and M. N. Bester. "Entanglement of pinnipeds at Marion Island." South African Journal of Marine Science 24, no. 1 (2002): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776102784528295.

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