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Niehuis, Sylvia. "Premarital predictors of marital outcomes." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation ABstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034941.
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Schachtner, Laura. "Premarital self-disclosure predicting distal marital outcomes." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35457.
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Master of ScienceSchool of Family Studies and Human Services
Jared A. Durtschi
Can having more frequent conversations with a romantic partner prior to marriage contribute to better marital outcomes several years into a marriage? Little is known regarding premarital self-disclosure and its association with distal marital outcomes. Data was utilized from 707 newly married couples assessed across the first four years of marriage through three waves of assessment as part of the Marriage Matters Panel Survey of Newlywed Couples (Nock, Sanchez, & Wright, 2008). Structural equation modeling, including common-fate analysis, was used to test self-disclosure prior to marriage and its association with later marital quality of each spouse and the odds of divorce or separation by the first four years into marriage. Couple-level reactivity was tested as a mediator of these associations, while controlling for known covariates. Results indicated that premarital self-disclosure was associated with wives’ higher marital satisfaction and lower odds of divorce or separation three to four years into marriage. This relationship was mediated by reactivity. Clinical implications are discussed for couples prior to marriage, suggesting more frequent conversations about a wider variety of topics between dating couples.
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Hasselmo, Karen Elizabeth, and Karen Elizabeth Hasselmo. "Psychological, Social, and Immunological Outcomes following Marital Separation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625844.
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Close relationships play an integral role in human health (Coan & Sbarra, 2015). It follows, then, that the dissolution of an important relationship can have a variety of negative health consequences (Amato, 2010; Kitson & Morgan, 1990; Sbarra, Law, & Portley, 2011), and social loss confers vulnerability to a range of morbidities and early mortality. Disrupted marital status is one of the strongest sociodemographic predictors of stress-induced physical illness (Somers, 1979) and marital disruption has long been reported as one of life's most stressful events (Bloom, Asher, & White, 1978). Robust evidence links divorce or separation to poorer health outcomes; however, the exact mechanisms through which relationship dissolution influences our health so profoundly are not yet fully elucidated (Sbarra, Hasselmo, & Bourassa, 2015). The current study investigated how changes in psychological responses to divorce are associated with changes in immune responding in recently-separated adults (N = 55). I followed participants over an average of five months, collecting psychological distress measures at three visits, each one month apart, and immune measures at two visits, five months apart. To assess how variability in social engagement is associated with immunological responses following the end of a marriage, I incorporated naturalistic, observational data using a new methodology. I found that an objectively derived composite of social behaviors including (a) time spent with others; (b) time spent socializing/entertaining; (c) time spent in substantive conversation; and (d) time spent receiving positive support predicted concurrent immune outcomes over and above the effects of psychological distress and/or loneliness, and that psychological distress may exert indirect influence on immune outcomes through social integration. Furthermore, attachment style revealed differential longitudinal associations between social integration and immune outcomes. This research expands current knowledge on the immune-relevant outcomes of divorce and separation, and includes new methodology for naturalistically-derived measures of social engagement in determining how this common life stressor is associated with health over time.
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Newman, Ginger Leigh. "The relationship between provider-role consistency and marital outcomes." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1835.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Family Studies. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Villarreal, Cesar. "Marital Status and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Health Outcomes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801949/.
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Substantial evidence demonstrates that marriage is associated with better health outcomes and lower mortality risk. Some evidence suggests that there are gender and race/ethnicity differences between the marriage-health benefits association. However, previous studies on marriage and health have mainly focused on non-Hispanic White-Black differences. Limited information is available regarding the roles of Hispanics. The present study examined marital status, gender, and the differences between non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics, in health outcomes. A retrospective cohort analysis of 24,119 Hispanic, NH White, and NH Black adults admitted to a large hospital was conducted. A total of 16,661 patients identified as either married or single was included in the final analyses. Consistent with the broader literature, marriage was associated with beneficial hospital utilization outcomes. With respect to differences in these benefits, results suggest that married patients, Hispanic patients, and women, were less likely to experience in-hospital mortality. Similar effects were observed in aggregated length of stay with married Hispanic women hospitalized nearly 2 days less than their single counterparts (6.83 days and 8.66 days, respectively). These findings support existing literature that marriage is associated with health benefits, add to the emerging research of a Hispanic survival advantage, and broaden the understanding of marriage and health in terms of differences by racial/ethnicity.
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Ozcan, Berkay. "The effects of marital transitions and spousal characteristic on economic outcomes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7251.
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My dissertation aims to improve our understanding of why and how couple dynamics and marital transitions affect four critical economic outcomes: household savings, labour supply, transition to self-employment and income distribution. In all of my papers, behavior of the couple is at the center. First chapter analayzes the likelihood of starting a business and examines at the influence of marriage, its duration and the characteristics of the spouse on the probability to make a transition to entrepreneurship. In the second chapter, I take advantage of Irish Divorce Law introduced in 1996 as quasi-natural experiment for the rise in the risk of divorce and explain its effects on household savings behavior. The third chapterturns its attention to labour supply behaviour of the men on women experiencing a risk in the marital stability. Similarly, the last paper is also concerned about entry and exits from marriage, but it considers these phenomena together with the rise in female employment. Consequently, this chapter sheds light to the mechanisms through which changes in family types and labor supply decisions of women are actually leading to higher or lower inequality. Generally, my dissertation covers both substantive and methodological issues on several fields from inequality research to family demographics and entrepreneurship.Esta tesis tiene el objetivo de ampliar y perfeccionar nuestra comprensión de por qué y cómo la dinámica de pareja afecta cuatro críticos resultados económicos que están directamente realacionados con la desigualdad y la estratificación. Estos resultados son, respectivamente; ser autónomo, la oferta de trabajo, el ahorro de los hogares y la distribución del ingreso. A lo largo de la tesis, con la dinámica de pareja, concibo dos conceptos: en primer lugar implica formar parte de una pareja (es decir, tener una esposa/o con ciertas características) versus ser soltero/a y transiciones entre estos dos estados. Y la segunda se refiere a los cambios en el comportamiento de los esposos debido a un cambio de contexto, como un aumento en el riesgo de disolución de la pareja. Por consiguiente, analiza las implicaciones de estos dos conceptos en cada una de estas variables económicas. La tesis se utiliza una serie de grandes conjuntos de datos longitudinales de diferentes países (p.e. PSID, GSOEP, PHCE, Living in Ireland Survey) y estratégias econométricas. Estas características incluyen el análisis de supervivencia, las estimaciones de diff-en-diff, simulaciones y descomposiciones.
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Schuler, Tammy A. "Marital Quality Affects Biobehavioral Outcomes in Advanced and Recurrent Breast Cancer Patients." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306854906.
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Hooven, Carole. "Developmental outcomes of marital and parenting variables for children with conduct problems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7743.
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Stewart, Robert C. "The 2007-2009 Recession, Employment, and Housing-Related Financial Stressors, and Marital Outcomes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3878.
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The primary objective of this research study was to examine employment and housing problems (stemming from the 2007-2009 Recession) and to see if there was a correlation between those problems and marital satisfaction and/or the perceived likelihood of future separation or divorce. A second purpose for this study was to see if feelings of financial stress (economic pressure) were mainly responsible for the projected drops in marital satisfaction or increases with divorce proneness. A final purpose for this study was to understand how other factors might additionally influence the relationships between recession-related employment problems and housing problems and the marital outcome variables. These factors included gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and existing debt load.
This study found that housing-related financial problems were associated with both lower marital satisfaction and a higher perceived likelihood of future separation or divorce. The economic pressure variable provided additional understanding regarding why couples with housing-related financial problems were more likely to have less desirable marital outcomes. Likewise, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and existing debt load also provided some modification of the existing relationships between housing-related financial problems and marital satisfaction and divorce proneness. However, this study did not find an association between employment-related financial problems and marital satisfaction or the perceived likelihood of future separation or divorce.
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Jackson, Jeffrey Brown. "Premarital Couple Predictors of Marital Relationship Quality and Stability: A Meta-Analytic Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2176.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the most important premarital couple protective and risk factors associated with marital relationship quality and stability by utilizing meta-analytic procedures to calculate standardized effect sizes for each factor. Extant research was identified and evaluated using the following inclusionary criteria: the dependent variables had to measure some form of marital quality or stability, the independent variables had to be premarital in nature, the participants had to have married after 1969, and the statistics necessary for the computation of a zero-order correlation effect size had to be available. Meta-analytic procedures were then utilized to code studies meeting inclusionary criteria, aggregate conceptually-comparable variables across included studies, and calculate standardized zero-order correlational effect sizes for each aggregated premarital factor. The predictive magnitude of premarital couple factors associated with subsequent marital outcomes was generally moderate. The results indicated both medium and small effect sizes for the various identified premarital couple predictors of marital relationship quality and instability. Positive premarital factors were generally associated with positive marital outcomes and negative premarital factors were generally associated with negative outcomes. The strongest significant protective and risk factors for marital distress and dissolution were as follows. The protective factors against marital distress included premarital relationship quality (e.g., love, satisfaction, support), premarital relationship stability (e.g., commitment, stability), attitude and value similarity (e.g., autonomy, lifestyle, expectations), positive premarital interactions (e.g., assertiveness, empathy, self-disclosure), religiosity similarity (e.g., religion importance, beliefs, denominational affiliation), and family-of-origin experience similarity factors (e.g., attachment, parent-child relationship, parents' marriage, physical violence). The protective factors against marital dissolution included premarital relationship stability, religiosity similarity, premarital relationship quality, and positive interactions. The risk factors for marital distress included negative premarital interactions (e.g., conflict, criticism, demand-withdraw) and premarital violence (e.g., physical aggression, sexual coercion, violence). The risk factors for marital dissolution included negative interactions and premarital cohabitation with one's spouse. No significant gender differences were identified for any of the premarital predictive factors. Study limitations, implications for future research, and recommendations for educators and clinicians are discussed.
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Wagner, Tiffany Diane. "TILL DEATH DO US PART? A STUDY OF AMERICAN WEDDING RITUALS AND MARITAL OUTCOMES." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/188.
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Couple rituals range from everyday activities to once-in-a lifetime events. Weddings are arguably the most elaborate, complex, and rare couple ritual. Few studies have examined the association between wedding rituals and marital outcomes, yet millions of Americans marry and celebrate weddings each year. The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between wedding ritual enactment, wedding ritual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction and commitment. The wedding rituals examined in the current study were the bridal shower, bachelor/bachelorette party, wedding reception, and honeymoon. It was hypothesized that enactment of a bridal shower, wedding reception, and honeymoon would be positively associated with marital outcomes whereas bachelor/bachelorette party enactment would be negatively associated with marital outcomes. We additionally hypothesized that satisfaction with all wedding rituals would be positively associated with satisfaction and commitment and that wedding ritual conformity would be associated with overall wedding ritual satisfaction. Our exploratory analyses examined unique predictability of wedding ritual enactment and wedding ritual satisfaction on marital outcomes. Results indicated expected and unexpected associations. Three of the predicted wedding rituals, bachelor/bachelorette party, wedding reception, and honeymoon enactment were associated with marital outcomes. Satisfaction with each wedding ritual significantly predicted marital outcomes. Lastly, wedding ritual conformity was found to be negatively associated with wedding ritual satisfaction. In our exploratory analyses, we found that wedding reception enactment was the most significant contributor to satisfaction whereas bachelor/bachelorette party enactment was the most significant contributor to marital commitment. Study limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Bennett, Chelsea A. "Negative Marital Interaction and Positive Child Outcomes with Parent/Child Attachment as a Moderating Variable." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2124.
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This longitudinal study investigated the potential moderating effects of attachment on negative marital interaction and positive child outcomes, specifically school engagement and child self-regulation. Waves I and II of data were drawn from the Flourishing Families Project; participants were 296 two parent families (fathers, mothers and children ages 10-13). Both observational and questionnaire data were used in data collection. Negative marital interaction was assessed using observational codes from the Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scales. All three family members' perceptions were used in assessing parent/child attachment and the potential positive child outcomes of school engagement and child self-regulation. As negative marital interaction increased, both school engagement and the child's self-regulation decreased. Only mother's attachment with child was a statistically significant moderating variable for the relationship between negative marital interaction and the child's school engagement. Gender effects showed that girls were more engaged in school and more self-regulated than boys. Implications for family therapy interventions with problems of child school engagement and self-regulation are explored.
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Pruet, Paty Smith Thomas A. (Thomas Alton). "An investigation of the relationship between the stages of change and client outcomes in couples therapy." Auburn, Ala., 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Human_Development_and_Family_Studies/Thesis/Pruet_Paty_45.pdf.
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Figuerres, Kevin Shitamoto. "Sacrifice in Marriage: Motives, Behaviors, and Outcomes." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2667.pdf.
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Hunt, Patricia A. "Marital counselling : follow-up study of marriage guidance clients : perceptions of the agency, the process and outcomes." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12221/.
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This study is a consumer-survey conducted with former Marriage Guidance Council clients. The objectives were to identify and examine why they chose the agency, what their expectations and experiences were of marital counselling and whether anything was achieved. The material was derived from tape recorded interviews with 51 former M.G. clients (17 men and 34 women) from 42 marriages and with 21 counsellors; data from written material and a card-sort completed by the research sample; and the case record sheets of the research population (174 cases). The results from the written data of clients showed that 49% were satisfied with counselling, 25.5% were satisfied in some ways but not in others, and 25.5% were dissatisfied. Forty-six percent rated they had benefited from counselling, either a great deal or to some degree, 4% were neutral and 50% recorded they had not benefited. However the counsellors' assessments were more optimistic. It was also ascertained that 50% of the research sample eventually separated or divorced subsequent to counselling. A cross-check revealed that the majority who rated they were satisfied with counselling were those who remained married, whilst dissatisfied clients were the ones who unwillingly separated or divorced. The study then describes, discusses and assesses the experiences of clients in the light of these findings on a number of dimensions. From this it was possible to construct a summary profile of a "successful" client describing the features which would contribute to "success". Two key themes emerged from the data. (1) the discrepancy between clients expectations and the counselling offered, which included mis match over the aims and methods of counselling, and problem definition; and (2) the importance of the client/counsellor relationship. The various implications for the agency are then discussed which include recommendations on policy, the training of counsellors and further research.
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Dennison, Renee Peltz. "The Effect of Family of Origin on Early Marriage Outcomes: A Mixed Method Approach." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195645.
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The present study examined the effect of family of origin characteristics on current marital satisfaction, within a sample of newlywed couples, using dyadic and mixed methods approaches to conceptualization, data collection, and data analysis.The data used to investigate this process--sometimes called intergenerational transmission--was collected in two phases. First, quantitative data in the form of close-ended questions was collected separately from each member of 190 newlywed couples via hard-copy questionnaires. These questionnaires included measures of family of origin characteristics (e.g., interparental conflict), current marital processes (e.g., conflict resolution style), and marital outcomes (e.g., marital satisfaction). Second, in-depth and open-ended questions were asked of 18 couples in semi-structured couple interviews. The 18 couples who were interviewed in phase two of the data collection represent a purposive sub-sample of the original 190 couples from phase one of data collection.Results of structural equation modeling of a conceptual model based on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM; Cook & Kenny, 2005) indicated that the family or origin characteristics measured predicted a decrease in marital satisfaction, especially for wives. In addition, mixed evidence was found for the potential meditational role of conflict resolution style. Results of thematic coding of the interview data revealed that: a) families of origin serve as marriage role models in complex and multifaceted ways; b) there are other important models of marriage, aside from families of origin, that influence marital outcomes; c) it is likely that couples use a combination of different marriage role models to form their ideas of marriage (and therefore their marital outcomes); and d) it is possible that in some cases families of origin do not provide a marriage role model at all.Finally, results of a configural comparative analysis utilizing both the quantitative and qualitative data revealed that couples negotiate the pathway from their families of origin to their own marriages in diverse ways. Three distinct pathways were identified, including a "modeling" pathway, a "modified modeling" pathway, and a "compensation" pathway. Interpretations and implications of these findings are discussed. In addition, future directions for research in this area are suggested.
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Harris, Victor W., Brian Visconti, Prami Sengupta, and Ginny Hinton. "The Strengthening Marriage and Relationships Training (SMART) Florida Project: Year 2 Impacts and Outcomes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/5.
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The SMART Florida project was implemented in five strategically identified counties across Florida (i.e., Santa Rosa, Duval, Manatee, Citrus, Palm Beach). These counties are representative of the breadth and depth of Florida’s rural and urban residents geographically, ethnically, and socioeconomically. A broad array of comprehensive research- and evidence-informed SMART and community partner (CP) programs, services, and resources that address the social, emotional, and economic stability needs and well-being of low-income individuals, couples, and at-risk youth in the identified geographic locations is being provided at two levels of integration (Level I: Information Dissemination; Level II: Training) during the duration of the grant to assist highly supported, trained, and networked County UF/IFAS Extension Agents and their community partners to strengthen marriages, relationships, and families among Florida residents across ethnicities and income levels in four statutory activity areas: 1) Education in High Schools (Activity I); 2) Premarital Education (Activity II); 3) Marriage and Relationship Education/Skills (MRES) (Activity III); and, 4) Marriage Enhancement (Marriage and Remarriage) (Activity IV). At-risk youth, those preparing for marriage, married and remarried couples, parents, and active military and veteran couples with a particular focus on participants who are vulnerable to low-income, low-resource, substance abuse, mental health, domestic violence and child abuse issues are some of the special interest target populations served through the SMART Florida project. Implications and outcomes from Year 2 of the grant cycle will be discussed.
Relationship quality and satisfaction among couples has been a topic of interest for decades, with the 1970s marking the initiation of a dramatic expansion of research in this area. The 1970’s also saw the beginning of what was to become a continuing decline in marital quality and satisfaction among first-time married couples (Amato, Johnson, Booth, & Rogers, 2003; Schramm & Harris, 2010). This interest in dyadic couple relationship quality was likely driven by the expanding awareness that quality of marital relationships influences a broad range of positive and negative outcomes; healthy, satisfying marriages provide numerous benefits important to individuals and society, while marital dissolution has a profoundly negative effect (Amato, 2010; Cowan & Cowan, 2005; Harris, Schramm, Marshall, & Lee, 2012; Schramm & Harris, 2010). Furthermore, subjective levels of marital quality and satisfaction are predictive of both marital stability and marital dissolution (Gottman, 1994; Gottman & Notarius, 2000).
Family fragmentation costs state and local taxpayers in Florida almost two billion dollars per year in forgone tax revenues, justice system expenses, TANF, Medicaid, SCHIP, and Child Welfare program expenditures. The purpose of this study was to assess associations between relationship quality and satisfaction, intimate partner consensus, and relevant contextual factors among married and unmarried cohabiting couples in a general sample of Floridians (n=1002). This study constitutes an initial baseline study of dyadic couple trends in Florida’s Northwest, North, West Coast, East Coast, and South regions and is the precursor to research currently being conducted over the next five years through a federal healthy marriages and relationships grant. Results indicate that variability in relationship quality is best explained by patterns of negative interaction, consensus, and context respectively. Specific implications for use of relationship education as an intervention in Florida are proposed.
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Purden, Margaret Ann. "Wive's marital role and phychosocial adjustment : a study of patient and spouse outcomes two months after a myocardial infarction." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29116.
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This correlational study examined the relationships among sex role attitudes and role behaviours (traditionality), marital adjustment, caregiving involvement, caregiver satisfaction, psychological distress and psychosocial adaptation in the MI patient and his wife at two months post infarction. The research also aimed to develop explanatory models of patient and spouse adjustment.A convenience sample of 130 couples was drawn from the cardiac units of four hospitals in a large metropolitan area. Data were collected during home visits using structured interviews and self-report questionnaires. Patients and wives were interviewed separately. Marital and psychosocial adjustment, psychological distress, sex role attitudes, and selected sociodemographic and control variables were assessed in both members of the couple. Husbands were questioned about their cardiac symptoms whereas wives were asked about their role behaviour, caregiving involvement, and caregiver satisfaction. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlations and hierarchical regression procedures.
Correlations indicated that wives' traditionality (attitudes, role behaviour) was directly related to adjustment outcomes in only two instances: worse domestic and marital adjustment in husbands. However, traditionality was found to be associated with the sociodemographic factors (age, education, illness, social support) that were central to adjustment. The results of the regression analyses revealed that the husbands' and the wives' models of adjustment differ. The husband's adjustment is associated primarily with clinical factors while the wife's adjustment is related to both clinical and psychosocial factors. Caregiving enters in the adjustment model of both husbands and wives, but from somewhat different perspectives. Finally, having a previous MI figured prominently in both models and may be a crucial clinical factor for the couple's adjustment.
These results suggest important factors to be considered in identifying couples at risk of poor adjustment outcomes and demonstrates the importance of both patient and spouse assessments during the early post-MI recovery period.
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Caldwell, Jessica Marie. "Sibling Influences on the Psychosocial Effects of Children's Exposure to Domestic Violence." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9596.
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Despite the large number of children and siblings who are exposed to domestic violence, relatively few studies have examined sibling influences on the psychosocial effects of exposure to domestic violence. The aim of this study was to explore the opinions of experienced child and family clinicians on whether, and how, the presence of siblings moderates children’s experiences of domestic violence and any subsequent effects on their development and wellbeing. This study employed an Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis to analyse interviews with five clinicians. Analysis of the interviews revealed six superordinate themes; one sibling taking on a protective and parental role; polarisation of sibling relationships; factors influencing sibling relationships; the impact on the sibling taking on a parenting or protective role; impact on the sibling being protected; and the importance of individual family context. Overall, the findings from the interviews with the clinicians suggest that in families where children are exposed to domestic violence one child tends to take on a parental role and also attempts to protect their siblings from the violence. These results also emphasise the importance of formulation in understanding the influence of sibling relationships on the psychosocial effects of domestic violence, as there are many different factors which need to be considered. Some implications for clinical practice are discussed and potential future research directions are outlined.
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Baxter, Kathleen Diane. "The Relationship Between Frequency of Incest and Relational Outcomes with Family-of-Origin Characteristics as a Potential Moderating Variable." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3923.
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As we examined research on the relational effects of incest on survivors, several researchers noted that some of the negative outcomes may be moderated by certain family characteristic variables. Using RELATE data, we examined a subsample of females and males who reported being survivors of incest in childhood and compared them on key family-of-origin processes such as mother and father's marital satisfaction as well as family violence. We used a path analysis to determine whether family processes, specifically functional parents' marriage and low physical violence, moderate the relationship between incest and marital quality in adulthood. Functional family-of-origin processes significantly moderated the relationship between sexual child abuse and adult marital quality for female survivors (β = -.55, p <.001) and for male survivors (β = -.43, p <.001). Therapists who work with survivors of sexual abuse should not only recognize the effects of childhood sexual abuse on individual and relational functioning, but should also recognize the familial context in which the incest occurred as well as the long-term relational effects on an adult survivor. The results of this study imply that family therapy should be part of the treatment and prevention of sexual abuse.
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Hindman, Jason M. "Parent Psychopathology, Marital Adjustment, and Child Psychological Dysfunction: The Mediating Role of Attachment and Sibling Relationship." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31534/.
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This study is part of a larger research project examining family attachment processes. The current study tests a family process model that postulates the mediating role of parent-child attachment and sibling relationship quality in the associations of parent psychopathology or marital adjustment to children's psychological dysfunction. A community sample of 86 families with at least one school-aged (8-12 years) child was recruited from area schools and organizations. Families came to the UNT Family Attachment Lab, where they participated in research tasks, including interviews, self-report instruments, and videotaped interaction tasks. Specific questionnaires used in this study included the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire, the Security Scale, the Behavior Assessment System for Children, the Symptom Assessment-45 Questionnaire, and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Using a single indicator for each variable, path analyses tested three paternal models, three maternal models, and three systemic models using different informants' (i.e., father, mother, child) reports of child functioning as the outcome variable. Results of this study highlight the positive relationship between parent marital adjustment and parent-child attachment security, as well as the inverse relationship between maternal psychopathology and mother-child attachment security. In addition, the inverse relationship between parent-child attachment security and child psychological dysfunction was significant across nearly all paternal and maternal models. Particularly noteworthy was the consistent mediating influence of attachment security in the association between marital adjustment and child psychological dysfunction across paternal and maternal models.
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Lamptey, Enoch. "Marital Status and Health Outcomes in a Developing Country: Exploring the Contextual Effects of Marriage, Gender, Children, and Lineal Ties on Subjective Health in Ghana." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1499106117494519.
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Torres, Faith Rebekah. "The Moderating Effect of Adult Attachment Style in the Intergenerational Transmission of Aggression in Marriage." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3217.pdf.
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Mitchell, Cari Bacon. "Enactments, outcome, and marital therapy : a pilot study /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2528.pdf.
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Mitchell, Carianne. "Enactments, Outcome, and Marital Therapy: A Pilot Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1508.
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Unfulfilled attachment related needs and wants are viewed by many therapists as the heart of couple distress (Johnson & Whiffen, 2003; Johnson, 2004). As a result, efforts to discover and utilize therapeutic processes that encourage couples to identify and appropriately respond to their partner's core attachment needs and wants continue to increase. This study served as a pilot study for a planned, larger-scale investigation examining enactments as a potential best-practice change mechanism to strengthen secure attachment in marital therapy. Twelve couples were randomly assigned to one of two possible experimental groups. Group 1 experienced three therapist-centered therapy sessions, followed by three enactment-centered sessions. Group 2 experienced three enactment-centered sessions followed by three therapist-centered sessions. Before each experimental session, both spouses independently completed a measure assessing their attachment security to their spouse over the past week. After each experimental session, both spouses independently completed a measure assessing how their attachment security to their spouse changed during the session. Each participant's scores were averaged and analyzed descriptively to explore possible trends and trajectories regarding the relationship between an enactment-focused clinical process and secure attachment and how it compared to a therapist-centered clinical process. The results of this pilot study provide preliminary support of enactments as an effective treatment protocol for therapists to help couples strengthen their secure attachment. Findings revealed trends suggesting that enactment-focused therapy sessions tended to increase overall couple secure attachment, perhaps superior to that of a solely therapist-centered approach.
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Talitman, Eran. "Predictors of outcome in Emotionally Focused Marital Therapy." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9877.
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The present study assessed the impact of client/relationship variables in predicting outcome in a dynamic/experiential approach to marital therapy. On the basis of an examination of the theoretical assumptions underlying this approach, three predictor variables were assessed: attachment, self-disclosure, and trust. Outcome criteria included (1) marital satisfaction level, (2) marital satisfaction gains, (3) intimacy level, and (4) therapist rating of improvement. It was hypothesized that couples presenting with higher levels of attachment, self-disclosure and trust would be more likely to be maritally satisfied, as indicated by a higher level of marital satisfaction and intimacy at posttreatment and at follow-up. It was also hypothesized that couples presenting with lower levels of attachment, self-disclosure and trust would be most likely to make the largest gains in marital satisfaction at posttreatment and at follow-up, and receive a high rating of improvement from their therapist at termination. Thirty-four couples were provided with 12 sessions of Emotionally Focused Marital Therapy (EFT). Couples were assessed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and at a three-month follow-up. Couples who were most likely to be maritally satisfied at termination indicated a higher level of couple-therapist alliance at the end of the third session. Couples who were most likely to be maritally satisfied at follow-up consisted of: (a) females who indicated a higher level of faith (trust) in their partner at intake, and (b) partners who indicated a higher level of the therapeutic alliance at the end of the third session. Couples who were most likely to make the largest gains in marital sitisfaction at termination indicated a higher level of therapeutic alliance by the end of the third session. Couples who were most likely to make the largest gains in marital satisfaction at follow-up: (a) indicated a lower level of marital satisfaction at intake, (b) consisted of males who indicated a lower level of use of attachment figure at intake, and (c) indicated a higher level of couple-therapist alliance at the end of the third session. There were two additional criteria of outcome: intimacy level and therapist rating of improvement. Results revealed four significant predictors of the level of intimacy. First, the couple's general level of intimacy at intake was the strongest predictor of the couple's general level of intimacy at follow-up. Couples with a higher level of intimacy at intake tended to have a higher level of intimacy at follow-up. Second, couples who established a higher level of alliance with the therapist by the end of the third session tended to show a higher level of intimacy at follow-up. Third, one aspect of trust, the females' level of faith significantly predicted those males who were likely to have the highest level of intimacy at follow-up. Fourth, the females' level of apathy self-disclosure at intake significantly predicted her follow-up level of intimacy. The fourth criteria of outcome was the therapist rating of improvement at posttreatment. There was only one significant predictor of therapist rating of improvement. Couples who had established a higher level of alliance by the end of the third session were most likely to have been rated as improved by therapists. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Goldman, Audrey A. "Systemically and emotionally-focused marital therapies : a comparative outcome study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29234.
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The present study compares the effectiveness of two interventions in the treatment of marital discord: a sequentially integrated systemic intervention focusing on reframing interactional patterns and an emotionally focused intervention, focusing on accessing emotional experiences underlying interaction patterns. Forty-two couples seeking therapy were randomly assigned to one of these treatments or to a wait-list control group. Each treatment was administered in ten weekly sessions by seven experienced therapists. Through an implementation check it was determined that the treatments had been implemented in accordance with the treatment manuals. Tests of equivalence showed that the groups were equivalent on pre-test levels, demographic variables and in the strength of their working alliance with their therapists. Post-test results indicated that both treatment groups made significant gains compared to untreated controls on measures of marital adjustment, conflict resolution, target complaint reduction and goal attainment, but that neither treatment group gained significantly more than the other. At follow-up, a further 16 weeks later, post-test levels on all measures were maintained by the sequentially integrated systemic group. The emotionally-focused group maintained levels on conflict resolution, and continued to achieve target complaint improvement but slipped back on pre-test goals and relapsed on marital adjustment. Results suggest that two very different treatments, one of which had not been tested before, are both effective in helping couples alleviate marital distress, but that the sequentially integrated systemic therapy is more self-sustaining.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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MacPhee, David C. "The effect of marital therapy on inhibited sexual desire: An outcome study." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6933.
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A total of 49 couples, in which the women were experiencing inhibited sexual desire (ISD), were randomly assigned to Emotionally Focused Therapy for Couples (EFT) or a wait-list control group condition. An additional 15 couples were recruited as a non-ISD comparison sample. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of marital therapy (EFT) on ISD, and examine differences between ISD and non-ISD couples. At post-treatment, EFT couples' levels of marital and overall sexual adjustment were not significantly different from those of the control group following the wait-list period. On a measure of sexual desire, however, treatment group females had post-treatment levels of sexual desire that were significantly higher than those of control group females following the wait-list period. In most areas assessed, treatment group levels of clinically significant improvement were found to be superior to those of the control group. Treatment group within-group gains from pre-treatment to post-treatment were largely maintained at follow-up. For Treatment females, better pre-treatment marital adjustment predicted better post-treatment overall sexual adjustment. The main difference found between ISD couples and non-ISD couples was that ISD couples had significantly more sexual distress. Results are discussed in light of an interpersonal conceptualization of ISD.
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Ostenson, Joseph Andrew. "Measuring Marriage or Measuring Individuals: An Ontological Analysis of Marital Therapy Outcome Measures." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2419.
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Many scholars have noted the pervasiveness of individualism in American culture, particularly in the marriage culture. Unfortunately, assuming individualism in the marriage culture poses very specific threats to marriage as an institution. Some claim that these individualistic assumptions have also infiltrated the marital sciences, undermining the efforts of researchers who hope to defend marriage. This dissertation explores that claim by analyzing seven of the most popular marital outcome instruments used by marital researchers today for individualistic assumptions. Using a conceptual analysis called "contrasting relations," the meanings of both the content and the process of the instruments are laid out according to their underlying ontological assumptions. Two types of ontology guide the analysis: weak relationality, that from which individualism arises, and strong relationality. As the results demonstrate, the instruments are in fact almost entirely underlain with individualistic assumptions. It is argued that outcome instruments used by marital researchers can only measure individualistic relationships (weak relationality), and are incapable of measuring strong relationships, implying that marital researchers are ill-equipped to measure relationships. Implications and future directions are explored.
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Gray, Mikael Alicia Ketring Scott A. "Therapeutic alliance as a mediating factor between couple expectancy and therapeutic outcome." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Theses/GRAY_MIKAEL_58.pdf.
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Dunn, Ryan Lamar. "A meta-analytic review of marital therapy outcome research : general and comparative analyses /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487847761307082.
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Muszynski, Richard Joseph. "The role of cognition, affect, and behavior in marital adjustment: A marital intervention outcome study of two versions of the mutual problem solving program." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186075.
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Based upon the thesis that human functioning consists of affective, cognitive, and behavioral processes which operate interdependently, targeting all three areas should be more effective than targeting only one or two areas of functioning. The present study compared the Mutual Problem Solving Program, a marital therapy intervention with affective and behavioral components (MPS-AB), an MPS program with added cognitive components (MPS-CAB), and a wait-list control (WLC) condition. Forty-nine couples participated. Both treatments involved eight sessions. Assessment utilizing self-report questionnaires and observational measures was done at pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up. MPS-AB and MPS-CAB couples exhibited better dyadic adjustment (p =.006) than the WLC couples. MPS-AB was just as effective as MPS-CAB at improving irrational beliefs. The percentage of subjects who experienced statistically reliable improvement in dyadic adjustment from pre-test to post-test was 34.4, 35.3, and 9.4, for the MPS-AB, MPS-CAB, and WLC groups respectively, while for deterioration the percentages were 18.8, 11.8, and 37.5. Emotion was the best predictor of dyadic adjustment.
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Poll, Adam Malan. "The Relationship Between the Outcome Questionnaire and The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale in Marital Assessment." DigitalCommons@USU, 2006. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2656.
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This correlational study attempted to determine if the Outcome Questionnaire can be used to collect the same information as the Revised Dyadic Adjustment scale in marital assessment. Both measures are common pretreatment assessments and have relational components. The study used secondary data from the Utah State University Marriage and Family Therapy Clinic. Reliability and correlational tests were performed and the results indicate that the assessments measure different constructs. There also were no statistically significant correlations when comparing the measures by gender, marital distress, and marital satisfaction. Implications are discussed including the formulation of new clinical cut-off scores and the importance of using both measures to perform better assessments.
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Zamora, Justin Paul. "The Effects of Couple-Centered and Therapist-Centered Process on the Dyadic Attachment of Distressed Therapy-Seeking Couples: A Multilevel Longitudinal Analysis." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3370.
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This study is an empirical investigation of 35 clinically distressed therapy seeking couples receiving sequential sessions of both therapist-centered and, alternatively, couple- centered, enactment-based therapy processes. Using a mixed-level longitudinal analysis with a repeated measure design, analysis of secure attachment, and the interrelated dimensions of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were examined demonstrating that couple- centered, enactment-based sessions produced higher levels of post-session and within-session attachment gains than therapist-centered process for both males and females. Couple-centered, enactment-based process was observed to have a unique treatment effect after the second session, where both partners experienced higher levels of attachment followed by levels returning to pre-experiment levels. Clinical implications and future research considerations are suggested.
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Weiss, Felix [Verfasser], and Marita [Akademischer Betreuer] Jacob. "Postsecondary educational careers and social inequality: an analysis of social origin differences in educational career trajectories and their labor market outcomes in the US, Sweden and Germany / Felix Weiss ; Betreuer: Marita Jacob." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1226662706/34.
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"The effects of marital transitions and spousal characteristic on economic outcomes." Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://www.tesisenxarxa.net/TDX-0208110-142954/.
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Morgan, Taylor Anne. "The ups and downs of variability : are fluctuating relationship appraisals always detrimental for long-term relationship outcomes?" Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/23659.
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Variability in daily relationship satisfaction has been shown to undermine future relationship well-being. The current study suggests that the relationship climate may moderate this effect. Namely, and in light of prior work showing that ignoring relationship issues can be detrimental for long-term relationship well-being, it is argued that when the relationship is characterized by more negative relationship experiences, variability in daily satisfaction may actually represent an adaptive acknowledgement of those experiences. Seventy-eight newly-married couples completed a 10-day daily diary task which assessed the variability of daily marital satisfaction, the positive and negative marital events taking place each day, and the daily coping strategies used to manage negative marital events. Spouses then reported on their global marital happiness as well as the severity of their marital problems every six months over the first two and a half years of marriage. Results revealed that when the marriage was characterized by more negative than positive marital events (i.e., a more negative marital climate), greater variability in daily satisfaction predicted initially lower levels of global marital happiness and more severe marital problems. However, greater variability in a more negative marital climate also was associated with less steep declines in global marital happiness and fewer increases in marital problems over time compared to low variability. Together, these findings suggest that variability in daily relationship satisfaction may temporarily feel unpleasant but over time may allow couples to address important relationship issues.text
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Perry, Andrea R. "Child maltreatment and adult outcomes the mediating role of adult attachment /." 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1938265711&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=14215&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008.Title from title screen (site viewed February 25, 2010). PDF text: xv, 136 p. : ill. ; 1 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3371944. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.
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Harper, Felicity Wedd Kennedy. "Marriage and health : the role of marital quality and partner support in postnatal health outcomes of women." 2002. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/harper%5Ffelicity%5Fw%5F200205%5Fphd.
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Weber, Kirsten M. Solomon Denise Haunani. "Making a treatment decision for breast cancer associations among marital qualities, couple communication, and breast cancer treatment decision outcomes /." 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4232/index.html.
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Bernecker, Samantha L. "Patient Interpersonal and Cognitive Changes in Relation to Outcome in Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1003.
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Despite evidence for the efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for depression, there remains little understanding of its specific change-promoting ingredients. This study aimed to establish candidate change mechanisms by identifying whether patients’ interpersonal (theory-specific) and cognitive (theory-nonspecific) characteristics change in an adaptive direction during IPT, and whether such changes differentially relate to depression reduction and improvement in global functioning. The four interpersonal variables and one cognitive variable measured all changed significantly in an adaptive direction, with medium to large effect sizes. Reduced interpersonal problems were marginally associated with self-reported depression reduction (β = 2.846, p = .062), and greater satisfaction with social support was marginally associated with depression reduction (β = -1.423, p = .081). Unexpectedly, reduced romantic relationship adjustment was related to depression reduction (β = 2.028, p = .008 for self-rated depression and β = 1.474, p = .022 for clinician-rated depression), and increased attachment avoidance was marginally related to better clinician-rated global functioning (β = 1.501, p = .09). Thus, theory-relevant interpersonal variables emerged as candidate change mechanisms, and the findings are discussed with respect to their research and practice implications.
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Mondor, Josianne. "La thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel: Étude du lien entre attachement amoureux, satisfaction conjugale, mandat thérapeutique et résultat de la consultation." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3666.
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L’objectif général de cette thèse est d’examiner le lien entre l’attachement amoureux des conjoints, la satisfaction conjugale, le mandat thérapeutique et le résultat de la thérapie conjugale telle que conduite en milieu naturel. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, des couples se présentant en thérapie conjugale ont d’abord complété une batterie de questionnaires comprenant l’Échelle d’ajustement dyadique (Spanier, 1976) et le Questionnaire sur les expériences d’attachement amoureux (Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998). Les thérapeutes ont par la suite indiqué le mandat thérapeutique poursuivi avec chaque couple (réconciliation ou résolution de l’ambivalence), suivant la classification de Poitras-Wright et St-Père (2004). À la fin de la consultation, le jugement du thérapeute a été utilisé pour classer chacun des cas comme ayant abandonné ou complété le traitement. Les couples ayant complété la thérapie ont rempli l’Échelle d’ajustement dyadique au post-traitement.
Dans le premier des articles composant cette thèse, le lien entre l’attachement amoureux et la satisfaction conjugale a été examiné auprès d’un échantillon de 172 couples en détresse débutant une thérapie conjugale, de même qu’auprès de 56 couples non en détresse débutant également une thérapie conjugale, pour fins de comparaison. Les résultats ont démontré que l’évitement de la proximité semble être une caractéristique distinctive des couples en détresse et que cette dimension de l’attachement est fortement liée à l’insatisfaction conjugale de ce même groupe. Dans le deuxième article, le mandat thérapeutique, l’attachement amoureux et la satisfaction conjugale ont été examinés en tant que prédicteurs de l’abandon de la thérapie conjugale, auprès de 141 couples. Les résultats ont notamment démontré qu’un mandat de résolution de l’ambivalence augmente les probabilités d’abandon de la thérapie conjugale. De plus, les prédicteurs du résultat de la thérapie ont également été examinés dans ce second article. Les résultats obtenus au moyen d’analyses acteur-partenaire ont démontré que la satisfaction conjugale pré-traitement apparaît comme le meilleur prédicteur de la satisfaction conjugale post-traitement, et ce, malgré l’inclusion de l’attachement amoureux parmi les variables investiguées. Considérés dans leur ensemble, les résultats de cette thèse suggèrent que l’insécurité d’attachement serait fortement associée à l’insatisfaction des couples en détresse, mais ne nuirait pas pour autant à l’obtention d’un résultat positif en thérapie conjugale.
En somme, cette thèse contribue à l’avancement des connaissances en se penchant sur l’utilité de la théorie de l’attachement en thérapie conjugale et en soulignant la nécessité de tenir compte des mandats thérapeutiques dans les futures études en thérapie conjugale. Les implications cliniques des résultats et des recommandations pour la recherche clinique sont présentées dans la conclusion de l’ouvrage.The aim of this thesis was to elucidate the link between adult romantic attachment, relationship satisfaction, therapeutic mandates and couple therapy outcome. Couples seeking therapy in a natural setting completed the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976) and the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire (Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998) at intake. Therapists classified the therapeutic mandate pursued in each case (i.e., alleviation of couple distress or ambivalence resolution) according to the Classification of Therapeutic Mandates Questionnaire (Poitras-Wright & St-Père, 2004). When treatment ceased, couples were classified as dropouts or completers according to therapists’ judgment, and completers were further assessed using the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. In the first of two articles, the association between adult romantic attachment and pre-treatment marital satisfaction was investigated in a sample of 172 distressed couples seeking therapy, as well as in a comparison sample of 56 nondistressed couples seeking therapy. Results showed that attachment avoidance was a distinctive characteristic of distressed couples and that it was a strong predictor of marital dissatisfaction among distressed couples seeking therapy. Based on a series of 141 couple therapy cases, the second article examined therapeutic mandates, romantic attachment orientations, and pre-treatment marital satisfaction as predictors of premature disengagement from couple therapy. The most striking result was that an ambivalence resolution mandate was strongly associated with increased chances of treatment discontinuation. Predictors of couple therapy outcome were also examined: actor-partner analyses revealed that the strongest predictor of post-treatment marital satisfaction was pre-treatment marital satisfaction, despite the inclusion of romantic attachment among the predictor variables. Overall, these results indicate that attachment insecurity is strongly related to distressed couples’ marital dissatisfaction, but that it might not impede the attainment of a positive outcome in couple therapy. In sum, this thesis contributed to the field of couple therapy by investigating the pertinence of attachment theory in couple treatment, and highlighting the need for further study of therapeutic mandates in couple therapy. Clinical implications for couple therapy are discussed, and recommendations for clinical research offered.