Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maritime Education and Training (MET)'

This research explicates the leadership of maritime education and training (MET) in the United Kingdom (UK). It explores how a sample of MET leaders made the transition from a professional or seafaring role into maritime education and thence to educational leadership. Twenty UK MET leaders were interviewed in a survey. Framed against a theoretical exposition of educational leadership, the respondents were asked about: their life experiences; significant people and critical incidents encountered; their move from seafaring to education and the transition between sectors; their current roles as educational leaders; and their training, personal development and styles of leadership. The findings from this sample reveal extraordinary, multi-faceted and relentless pressure on MET leaders. Career advancement is mostly serendipitous with little formal leadership development. There is scant evidence that reflective leadership is encouraged or practiced. Life experiences, and persons encountered, were significant, though the impact of critical incidents was less noteworthy. This study has closed gaps in vocational educational research. It enhances our understanding of the transition from seafaring to education and suggests the development of programmes specific to MET leadership. It will help aspiring MET leaders in their decision-making and, also, those responsible for designing personal and organisational development interventions.

Global maritime education and training (MET) is currently subject to great change brought about by new international legislation, a dynamic shipping environment, the growing impact of technology, and the challenges maritime institutions face to survive in an uncertain market place.The aim of the research is to determine to what extent global MET institutions can enhance and enrich traditional practices through access to new technology and the use of innovative teaching and assessment methods' within a sustainable and achievable framework.The first Chapters of the study investigate the impact of change on the global MET scene by examining how international maritime legislation influences activities of maritime institutions. Ninety institutions from fifty-three countries responded to a survey that examines their intentions regarding the use of satellite communications, Information Technology, computing, multimedia, simulation and distance learning delivery methods. Shipboard operations that impact upon future training needs are also put under the spotlight.The study analyses the potential use of the Internet, e-mail, simulation and distance education services to determine how these elements can be used to advantage for the education and training of seafarers. An evaluation is made of the use of computers and marine simulators as assessment tools, in the light of international concerns about standards of competence.The study concludes that maritime institutions can benefit from the use of new technology, but only through rational planning and sustainable staged growth. A series of continua of technical development are provided to assist institutions, from to the largest, to plan for technical development and growth in a rational way.

This thesis examines how new maritime nations, which are engaged in the export of seafaring labour, need to respond to the demands of the international maritime industry. In particular, traditional maritime nations are calling for greater internationalisation of maritime education and training. The global labour market for seafarers, which is dominated by employers from traditional maritime nations, demands internationally minded graduates. China’s response to these demands for quality labour exports from new maritime nations is the subject of exploration in this thesis. Within the specific context of Maritime English teaching and learning, a significant opportunity for innovation and change is identified. The research took the form of an international collaborative education project in pursuit of the following question: What teaching and learning development opportunities are there for improving the communicative competence of Chinese Navigation officers? The author of this thesis, formally a seafarer, is a teaching practitioner in higher education in the UK. For the purposes of this thesis, the author became a visi ting researcher, and later a teaching practitioner, at the case maritime higher education institution in China. Becoming a member of the teaching staff at the host institution was a necessary step in order to establish and carry out teaching practitioner -led research as a member of a professional learning community. The aim of this professional learning community has been to collaborate on a Maritime English teaching development project. This development work has since continued beyond this PhD study into a commercially funded project, which demonstrates the necessity and timeliness of the research. This thesis sets out to report on the collaborative process of an international education development project as it was experienced. Research was carried out over a 15.5 month period spent in-situ at the case institution. The institution was selected as it is the most influential maritime university in China in terms of national maritime higher education policy reform, due it being under the direct authority of the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China rather than the Ministry of Education, as is the case with other universities. The author had to work very hard to overcome a number of cultural issues to become accepted as a teaching practitioner in the research setting. Once accepted as a participant researcher, research-based professionalism founded on previous teacher training and experience allowed for a living theory approach to improving both own teaching practice and that of new-found colleagues. The outcomes of this PhD study are multiple: The ethnographic account of the development process in the form of this PhD thesis. The establishment of a professional learning community between teaching practitioners and continued research and development work. The local teaching and learning innovation in the form of a new content and language integrated syllabus for Maritime English teaching, suitable for Chinese learners at maritime higher education institutions. The continued collaboration between an industry stakeholder and the local teaching practitioners in the further development of a new Maritime English syllabus and accompanying teaching resources to ensure that it meets the needs of employers. As understanding grew of how Chinese maritime higher education institutions are preparing their students for employment in the global labour market for seafarers, the research objectives emerged while in-situ. The aim of the research centred on working with local teaching practitioners and industry stakeholders to improve the quality of maritime education graduates’ transferable skills, in terms of their intercultural communicative competence. The key feature of the study was to collaboratively identify teaching and learning development opportunities for improving the preparedness of Chinese maritime higher education graduates to work in a safety critical environment, where they will need to communicate effectively in English. The internationalisation of the Maritime English syllabus, and the wider Navigation curriculum, through content and language integrated learning and teaching is the main recommendation of this thesis. The evidence presented in this thesis has led to the conclusion that this curriculum intervention is necessary for improving the transferable skills of Chinese Maritime Higher Education graduates. The content and language integrated learning approach to teaching was found to offer Chinese maritime higher education institutions with a solution to boost intercultural communicative competence in meeting the demands of the international maritime industry for professionally skilled, and competent-in-English seafarers for labour export.

The human factor/human element starts to have a key role in accidents and incidents during shipments at sea. Investigations show that poor communications increasingly are the root for many tragedies. A possible reason for communication constraints is the growing trend to employ multicultural crews. This thesis aims to document this new challenge in the maritime industry and to endeavour to show how the Maritime Education and Training (MET) can address the problem. The lack of a company crewing policy entails a variation in management standards; it causes confusion. Therefore, it is commonly advised that a common working language be used and expressed in the company policy. It is not only substandard communication that lies behind accidents but also a lack of cultural awareness and “wrong” stereotyping. This is a worrying situation. Researchers in the maritime field have tried to quantify and describe the risks and identify possible benefits with multicultural crews. Disappointingly, the results show a strong disharmony. The industry appears not to be capable of coping with diversity or hesitates to balance eventual advantages with eventual risks. The reason could be that past research studies rather confuse the industry, instead of giving useful guidance. The research strategy, that has been used to find pros and cons in multicultural crews, perhaps has not been the best suited. This thesis aims to propagate for a professionally applied inductive strategy to phenomena related to human factor constraints in the shipping industry. This thesis is also urging MET institutions to conduct courses in cultural awareness and increase the learning goal in English to something more than bare basic. With World Maritime University (WMU) students as the prime research object, it has been found that studying in a multicultural environment is not problem free but instead creates an opportunity to increase the students’ communicative competence. This research study looks at the aspects of psychology, language and pedagogy to conclude that there is a need for courses in cultural awareness. Most likely, multicultural crews in the shipping industry are an irreversible trend. The solutions presented in this thesis focus on communications and cultural awareness and the point made is that, if courses in these two subject areas are not introduced in MET, a mixed crew will continue to be a risk factor hazarding safety at sea. The implication of the results, from a WMU point of view, is that extended understanding of different cultures is a needed subject for both students and teachers. The present, high level of study contact time makes the need for such courses even more important.

Thesis (MEdPsych)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken to explore the challenges that foster parents experience when a child with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is placed in their care. Given the intensive care and various support needs, the question is whether foster parents are equipped to care for these children. This is an exploratory study that also explores the current service delivery relationship between foster parents and social workers. This study posed two research questions, namely what the challenges are that foster parents of children with FAS face and what their experiences with social support are. The sample population for the qualitative case study was two foster parents with children with FAS. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews. The following themes were identified in the study: initiation as foster carers, motives for foster care, recruitment and training of foster care parents and services to foster parents. The findings of the study suggest that, in addition to financial support, foster parents express the need for emotional support, training on how to foster children with FAS as well as knowledge about the disability.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is onderneem om ondersoek in te stel na die uitdagings wat pleegouers ervaar wanneer ʼn kind met Fetale Alkohol Spektrum Versteuring (FASV) in hulle sorg geplaas word. Die vraag is of pleegouers opgewasse is om hierdie kinders te versorg, gegewe die intensiewe versorging en diverse ondersteuningsbehoeftes wat hulle benodig. Die verkennende studie ondersoek ook die huidige diensleweringverhouding tussen pleegouers en maatskaplike werkers. Die studie is gerig deur twee navorsingsvrae, naamlik watter uitdagings pleegouers met FAS kinders beleef en watter ervaringe pleegouers ten opsigte van maatskaplike ondersteuning beleef. Die steekproef populasie vir die kwalitatiewe gevallestudie was twee pleegouers van kinders met FAS. Data is deurmiddel van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude versamel. Die volgende temas is geïdentifiseer: aanvang van pleegsorg, die redes vir pleegsorg, werwing en opleiding van pleegouers en dienslewering aan pleegouers. Die bevindinge van die studie dui daarop dat behalwe finansiële ondersteuning pleegouers ook ʼn behoefte aan emosionele ondersteuning, opleiding oor hoe om kinders met FAS te vesorg en kundigheid oor die gestremdheid benodig.

The shortage of qualified merchant marines in the United States requires State Maritime Academy (SMA) leaders to develop competitive retention strategies to retain merchant mariners aboard training vessels. The purpose of this single case study was to identify retention strategies that U.S. SMA leaders used to retain mariners aboard training ships. The conceptual framework of this study was Vroom's expectancy theory. The study participants consisted of 5 SMA leaders overseeing the mariners aboard a training vessel. Semistructured interviews and review of SMA documents pertaining to employment strategies provided the study data. The data analysis included collecting and coding data, and using the constant comparative method to identify the themes. Four themes related to successful retention strategies emerged from the data analysis: (a) the monetary value of employment and benefits must be comparable to what is available in the maritime industry, (b) professional development is necessary to maintain maritime industry credentials and improve employee performance within the organization, (c) recognition and understanding of the uniqueness of being a mariner as a profession is important to mariners, and (d) transparency and trust increase communication and improve retention. The findings of this study contribute to positive social change by providing best practices for SMA leaders to integrate retention strategies to improve employment satisfaction, enhance the training of mariners on U.S. waterways, and increase longevity of qualified mariners, which could create a healthy and positive work environment.

Merchant marine officers have multiple specific duties and responsibilities to perform. Moreover, there is a need for a well-trained workforce to operate modern ships. In this era, the development of technological tools to assist in the delivery of the syllabus, and develop the marine cadets’ practical knowledge during training on-board is highly required. This study reviewed literature concerning Maritime Education and Training, in addition to personalised learning and online mobile learning. The research proposes the creation, assessment and validation of generic Interactive Maritime Education and Training (iMET) application, that is utilising Near Field Communication (NFC) technology, as a personalised interactive self-study mobile tool, with respect to cadets’ different learning preferences. The main aim of this research is to test the hypothesis that, the iMET tool has a direct positive impact on the Maritime Education and Training process on-board the training ship, and it is an accepted technology, hence will be actually used by the cadets on-board. In order to evaluate the research hypothesis, the researcher developed a generic prototype of iMET handheld application, as a proof of concept. Moreover, the researcher adapted a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), from the existing TAM models, that had been used in previous research, in order to asses cadets’ acceptance to the proposed iMET application. Data collection in this research was based on triangulation, in order to measure the perception and expectations of the different maritime stakeholders affiliated with the iMET tool implementation. Accordingly, a questionnaire survey, a semi-structured interview and a quiz for cadets’ assessment was conducted. Data collection and surveys were conducted twice, in the pre iMET intervention development phase and post iMET intervention validation phase, in order to support justifying and validating the proposed technological tool in the current study. This research philosophy is a pragmatic research approach that applied a mixed methodology, to measure the cadets’ technology acceptance of iMET and their behavioural intention towards its actual usage. Finally, the research will discuss in detail the outcomes and finding.

This study investigated schooled unemployment by focusing on the following aspects: The importance of a positive interaction between the education system and the labour market. The importance of a positive interaction between the education system and employment opportunities. The importance of the involvement of employers in education. With a "school-to-work change, it is clear that the economic "health" of the community is located in the viability of school education. The country is experiencing an acute need for highly trained workers, and this inhibits its long-term economic growth and international competitiveness. It thus seems as if a gap exits between the labour market's changing requirements and the education system's way of preparing the country's youth for a career. Education, according to literature, is too academic, while vocationally directed education does not receive sufficient attention. The value of any education system is seated in the preparation of learners for employment opportunities and better living conditions, and in this connection theory and practice ought to be integrated, which will result in the education system providing in the real needs of the community.
Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Thesis (Masters Diploma (TPost-School Education))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town,1993
The growing importance of the concept of learning by experience is highlighted through the credit given by American colleges for prior learning experience. However, it is not always possible to provide learners with the opportunity to gain experience where this involves equipment and tasks which are too costly in terms of time, expense, or risk of life and equipment. The accelelated development in technology has led to rapid changes in conditions and instrumentation in the cockpits of aircraft and on the bridges of ships. In maritime training, the burden of maintaining the contemporary relevance of simulation training has been born by the training institutions, who have had to face increased costs and the selection of suitable synthetic training devices (simulators) from a wide variety of equipment offered which ranges in sophistication from the relatively simple to the fully representational high.fidelity ship simulators. Decisions faced by training establishments revolve around the desirability of high. fidelity simulators, the effectiveness of less expensive part-task trainers, and whether the effectiveness of simulation justifies the financial layout and running costs of simulator equipment. These decisions would be influenced initially by the consideration of whether or not simulation is an effective teaching strategy in adult vocational training, and whether this strategy justifies the cost and effort which the application of simulation demands. It was therefore necessary to examine the potential of simulation in the light of historical success, and also the present status, utilisation and acceptance of simulation in the field of maritime training.

The post-compulsory education sector has undergone major changes in the last twenty years and it is likely that further changes and reorganisations will continue to characterise the sector. The role of the lecturer, in both Further Education (FE) and Higher Education (HE), has been affected by the changes to organisational culture, methods of working and the political climate. The increasing pressures on organisations to achieve financial targets have created a working environment where business, rather than educational, priorities appear to drive organisations. Throughout this period, the professionalism of lecturers in the Further and Higher Education sectors has been debated widely, along with professional identity. The concept of professional identity is complex but is important as it provides a framework for teachers to construct their own ideas of 'how to be', 'how to act' and 'how to understand' their work and their place in society. This research explores how six lecturers in a Maritime Education and Training (MET) Institution, who each had a previous career, express their professional identity and how they negotiate it within a professional community. Whilst there has been much research that investigates the professional identity of educators in FE and HE, this work investigates lecturers who operate at both FE and HE within a single industrial sector, the maritime industry. A local, exploratory case study approach, using interpretative inquiry, was adopted in order to develop understanding of the socio-cultural phenomenon of professional identity within the MET Institution. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach and four themes were identified. These were: 'becoming a professional lecturer'; 'my credibility'; 'how I communicate'; and 'my autonomy'. Of particular note was how the participants negotiate their credibility and autonomy within an Institution that operates under commercial and legislative pressures. An established theoretical model was adapted, as a result of the findings from this study, to develop an enhanced understanding of these specific lecturers' professional identity. Whilst this is a small-scale study and no claims of generalisation are being made, the model has some resonance and transferability to other similar groups, such as the teaching and medical professions in the transition from practice to Higher Education posts.

Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to develop a vocational training programme for the adolescent learner with an intellectual disability. There is a need for these learners to be trained for work in the open labour market. From the literature it is apparent that American legislation is in place for these learners to gain access to schools, colleges and universities. The literature also makes it clear that parent involvement and community involvement are essential for the planning and implementation of a vocational training programme. To answer the research question, a qualitative participatory action research study was conducted from an interpretive research paradigm. The researcher implemented multiple sources to generate data, namely semistructured interviews, a literature review, personal documents and field notes. In the course of the study a number of steps were taken to ensure the credibility of the data and to pay attention to the ethical aspects that emerged during the research. The literature review extends over two chapters: Firstly the American legislation on vocational training programmes for the adolescent with intellectual disabilities was studied, as well as the South African Educational legislation after 1994. Secondly the three national curriculum programmes are described, namely Outcomes-based Education, Curriculum 2005 and the National Curriculum Statement. The vocational training programme was developed in accordance with the principles of the National Curriculum Statement, learning area Life orientation, Learning outcome 5: the world of work. The development of the learning programmes,work schedules and the lesson plans were adapted to suit the needs of the learners with intellectual disabilities. The findings concluded that schools can train learners to prepare them for entering the open labour market. The teachers cannot do the vocational training in school alone; they need the support of the parents and the community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie is om 'n beroepsgerigte opleidingsprogram vir die adolessente leerder met intellektuele gestremdheid te ontwikkel. Daar is 'n behoefte vir hierdie leerders om opgelei te word om toegang tot die ope arbeidsmark te verkry. Uit die literatuur is dit duidelik dat Amerikaanse wetgewing vir beroepsgerigte opleiding in plek is vir die genoemde leerders om tot skole, kolleges en universiteite toegang te verkry. Ouer- en gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid is belangrik in die beplanning en implementering van 'n beroepsgerigte opleidingsprogram. In antwoord op die navorsingsvraag is 'n kwalitatiewe deelnemendeaksie-navorsingstudie vanuit 'n interpretatiewe paradigma onderneem. Die navorser het van verskeie bronne gebruik gemaak om data te genereer, naamlik semigestruktureerde onderhoude, 'n literatuurondersoek, persoonlike dokumente en veldnotas. Tydens die studie is verskillende maatreëls toegepas om die geloofwaardigheid van die data te verseker. Die etiese aspekte het ook aandag geniet. Die literatuurstudie strek oor twee hoofstukke. Die eerste behels die Amerikaanse wetgewing op beroepsgerigte opleidingsprogramme, sowel as die Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing ná 1994 op spesiale onderwys. Tweedens is die drie kurrikulumbenaderings ondersoek, naamlik Uitkomsgebaseerde Onderwys, Kurrikulum 2005 en die Nasionale Kurrikulumverklaring. Die beroepsgerigte opleidingsprogram is ontwikkel volgens die beginsels van die Nasionale Kurrikulumverklaring in die leerarea Lewensoriëntering, Leeruitkomste 5: Die wêreld van werk. Die ontwikkeling van die leerprogramme, werkskedules en lesplanne is aangepas volgens die behoeftes van leerders met intellektuele gestremdhede. Die bevindings het gelei tot die gevolgtrekking dat leerders op skool opgelei kan word om die ope arbeidsmark te betree. Die opvoeders kan nie die beroepsopleiding op skool alleen vermag nie; hulle benodig die ondersteuning van die ouers en die gemeenskap.

Sjöfarten använder sig i stor utsträckning av färg förstärkt med härdplaster. Dessa kan vara hälsovådliga utan rätt skyddsutrustning och det ställs krav på att alla som handhar härdplaster ska ha genomgått en utbildning och regelbundna spirometriundersökningar. Studenter från Sveriges två sjöfartshögskolor går idag ut på fartygsförlagd utbildning med olika grundkunskaper om härdplaster. Vissa har fått härdplastutbildning och andra har ännu inte hunnit få det. Denna studie har genom en serie kvalitativa intervjuer försökt att kartlägga effekterna av detta. Intervjuerna med studenter och matroser har visat att de studenter som hade fått härdplastutbildning också hade en mycket bättre förståelse för riskerna med härdplaster och för hur de kunde exponeras för faran. Studenterna utan utbildning förstod risken med det skadliga elementet men saknade kunskapen för att adekvat kunna skydda sig. Studien visar också att faktorer som påverkar användandet av personlig skyddsutrustning i stor utsträckning är kopplat till ålder, erfarenhet och den övriga besättningens attityd till riskerna.
The maritime world makes use of paint reinforced with thermosetting polymers. These may be harmful without the correct protective equipment and there are regulations stating that anyone working with it must be educated in the handling and risks associated with said paint as well as regularly undergo a spirometric test. Today students from the two Swedish maritime universities undertake their onboard studies under different conditions, some with the correct education and some without. This study has through a series of qualitative interviews tried to expose the effects. The interviews have shown that students with the correct education have a much better knowledge of the risks associated with thermosetting polymers and the different ways it might be exposed to them. The uneducated students were aware of the dangers but lacked the knowledge to adequately protect themselves. However, the study showed that this did not determine whether the students use personal protection as much as such factors as age, experience and the rest of the crew's attitude towards the risks.

M.Comm.
Any macro transport economic study of maritime education, training and development (ETD) will need to identify the many and varied role players involved therein or affected thereby. An introduction to the complexity, demands, needs and problems, and dynamic nature of the maritime industry, and of ETD in South Africa, is also necessary. Attention in the industry to safety and the resultant international requirements, in particular, makes adequate and coordinated maritime ETD and cognisance of the developments in this arena, essential. The regulatory and institutional framework within which ETD and the maritime industry function must be investigated. The Maritime Industry Training Board (MITB) is the current coordinator of maritime ETD in South Africa. As such, the effectiveness and efficiency of its activities need to be assessed, on an ongoing basis, by the role players which it serves to ensure that its co-ordinating functions facilitate the fulfilment of their needs and problems. The core problem investigated in this study, is the lack of co-ordinated maritime ETD, specifically in South Africa. The aim of the study, therefore, is to explore the subject of maritime ETD.

This dissertation investigates the nature of learning and knowing in adult formal vocational education and training. In a two-year period, I attended a training institute in western Canada and collected data from a variety of courses that were designed for practitioners to initiate a career or promote their rank in maritime industries. My research consists of four separate yet interrelated studies that, as a whole, comprise core chapters of this dissertation. I used video-mediated ethnography as my method to record and socio-cultural and situated perspectives as my primary framework to analyze and better understand my research data, participants’ interactions, and the learning and knowing possibilities in the course of the activities. In my first study, I looked at the assessment system for certification, a major impediment and contradiction that prevents the current vocational education system from reaching its objectives. I analyzed how current practices adversely affect the performance of the system and how it can be improved. In the second study, I examined and addressed the shortcomings of vocational education policies. I proposed a conceptual framework for policy analysis and design that affords the reduction or elimination of the current impediments in the implementation processes. In the third study, I developed the concept of quasi-community as a theoretical framework for theorizing the learning and teaching of adult practitioners in formal educational settings. I theorized learning as the membership and co-participation in a quasi-community developed by its members. The aim of a quasi-community is to create an interactive environment for the participants to share their expertise and utilize cultural resources in order to provide opportunities for collective activities and collaborative learning. In my final study, I focused on a new phenomenon in workplaces, namely the introduction of technology and the demand it created for change in educational systems. Based on the concept of quasi-community, I proposed a distinct pedagogical method for adult technology education. This dissertation provides empirical evidence that the conceptual framework of quasi-community allows for the creation of effective pedagogies that provide authentic learning opportunities for adult learners to develop vocational and technological competencies required in their workplaces.
Graduate

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
商船學系所
95
This study mainly researche the outcomes under the policy of prevailing maritime education for its training courses, necessary equipments, faculty as well as complying with STCW, and the differences of the system for training ship in Taiwan, Japan and Mainland China have been fully studied. This research based upon the review analysis and comparison of bibliographies, periodical, Internet data and scientific literatures in order to analyse the training systems among the above-mentioned countries. The purpose of the study through the analysis and comparision can be used as reference to the training systerm of Taiwan maritime education which the contribution in the future is able to be expected. Key words: Training Ship、STCW Convention、Maritime Education Policy

M.Ed.
This study is designed around the hypothesis that a modular approach in teacher education, within an educationally sound curriculum framework, could indicate an appropriate route towards the possible implementation of several training models. Teacher education for the pre-primary school phase, as well as other differientiated training programmes, may be accommodated within this flexible approach. Viewed together with the implementation of a modular system is the implicit need for centralised administrative machinery. Associated fieldwork included the following: * Three focused study visits abroad (1982 - 1989) * A . literature search and survey of research projects followed by a systematic s tudy of relevant publications, documents relating to education policy issues and selected legislation * Close involvement with a local pre-primary teacher training project * Consultation along structured lines with academics, educational experts and individuals engaged at policy level. The most significant findings were: a) Both in the RSA and overseas teacher education programmes are currently under review. b) Teacher education models incorporating flexibility are being developed. This element of flexibility introduces, in addition to 'traditional admission requirements attached to a specific course, exit points with a carry-forward of credits already acquired. c) A modular approach to teacher education programmes is gaining favour rapidly within educational circles, and also in the sphere of manpower planning. Based on the findings,. several recommendations were made with regard to a modular curriculum for teacher education and more specifically with reference to the pre-primary school phase in the RSA.

Lam Kam Fai Jeffrey.
"Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2001-2002, design report."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69).
Chapter Part I --- General Research on Maritime Safety
Chapter 1. --- Introduction
Chapter 1.1 --- Scope of interest
Chapter 1.2 --- What is a maritime safety center
Chapter 1.3 --- Users benefited from the center
Chapter 2. --- Port Traffic and Water Transportation in Hong Kong
Chapter 2.1 --- Total amount of goods transported through water in the past and future
Chapter 2.2 --- Percentage of goods transported through water
Chapter 3. --- International Maritime Safety and The International Maritime Organization
Chapter 3.1 --- General background and objective of The International Maritime Organization
Chapter 3.2 --- Convention introduced by the IMO
Chapter 3.3 --- "Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers"
Chapter 4. --- Local Training Facilities and Activities
Chapter 4.1 --- Seamen's Training Center
Chapter 4.1.1 --- General background
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Training provided
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Building and facilities
Chapter 4.2 --- The Hong Kong Marine Department
Chapter 4.2.1 --- New training facilities
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Other safety isses
Chapter 5. --- Overseas Training Example- the Jovellanos Integral Maritime Safety Center
Chapter 5.1 --- General background
Chapter 5.2 --- Function of the center
Chapter 5.3 --- Facilities
Chapter Part II --- Design Report
Chapter 6. --- Proposed Design Brief and Site Consideration
Chapter 6.1 --- Design Brief
Chapter 6.1.1 --- Maritime safety academy
Chapter 6.1.2 --- Public Interface
Chapter 6.2 --- Site selection
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Site selection criteria
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Site characteristics
Chapter 7. --- Preliminary Design
Chapter 7.1 --- Building form
Chapter 7.2 --- Visitor center
Chapter 7.3 --- Entrance
Chapter 7.4 --- Access
Chapter 8. --- Design Development
Chapter 8.1 --- Spatial relationship of the academy and the public interface
Chapter 8.2 --- Architectural expression of the two programs
Chapter 8.3 --- Form and facade treatment
Chapter 8.4 --- Special study - the use of pre-cast panels
Chapter 8.5 --- Detail and construction consideration
Chapter 9. --- Final Presentation Documentation
Chapter Part III --- Bibliography
Chapter Part IV --- Appendix
Appendix I:
"Summary Statistics on Port Traffic in Hong Kong as at July 2001,"
Hong Kong Port and Maritime Board
Appendix II:
"Articles from the Hong Kong Maritime News,"
Hong Kong Marine Department

Text in Afrikaans, abstract in Afrikaans and English
Hierdie studie is daarop gemik om te bepaal tot welke mate wiskundeleerlinge op skool en onderwysstudente in wiskunde, onderrig in logika ontvang as agtergrond vir strenge bewysvoering. Die formele aspek van wiskunde op hoerskool en tersiere vlak is besonder belangrik. Leerlinge en studente kom onvermydelik met hipotetiese argumente in aanraking. Hulle leer ook om die kontrapositief te gebruik in bewysvoering. Hulle maak onder andere gebruik van bewyse uit die ongerymde. Verder word nodige en voldoende voorwaardes met stellings en hulle omgekeerdes in verband gebring. Dit is dus duidelik dat 'n studie van logika reeds op hoerskool nodig is om aanvaarbare wiskunde te beoefen. Om seker te maak dat aanvaarbare wiskunde beoefen word, is dit nodig om te let op die gebrek aan beheer in die ontwikkeling van 'n taal, waar woorde meer as een betekenis het. 'n Kunsmatige taal moet gebruik word om interpretasies van uitdrukkings eenduidig te maak. In so 'n kunsmatige taal word die moontlikheid van foutiewe redenering uitgeskakel. Die eersteordepredikaatlogika, is so 'n taal, wat ryk genoeg is om die wiskunde te akkommodeer. Binne die konteks van hierdie kunsmatige taal, kan wiskundige toeriee geformaliseer word. Verskillende bewystegnieke uit die eersteordepredikaatlogika word geidentifiseer, gekategoriseer en op 'n redelik eenvoudige wyse verduidelik. Uit 'n ontleding van die wiskundesillabusse van die Departement van Onderwys, en 'n onderwysersopleidingsinstansie, volg dit dat leerlinge en studente hierdie bewystegnieke moet gebruik. Volgens hierdie sillabusse moet die leerlinge en studente vertroud wees met logiese argumente. Uit die gevolgtrekkings waartoe gekom word, blyk dit dat die leerlinge en studente se agtergrond in logika geheel en al gebrekkig en ontoereikend is. Dit het tot gevolg dat hulle nie 'n volledige begrip oor bewysvoering het nie, en 'n gebrekkige insig ontwikkel oor wat wiskunde presies behels. Die aanbevelings om hierdie ernstige leemtes in die onderrig van wiskunde aan te spreek, asook verdere navorsingsprojekte word in die laaste hoofstuk verwoord.
The aim of this study is to determine to which extent pupils taking Mathematics at school level and student teachers of Mathematics receive instruction in logic as a grounding for rigorous proof. The formal aspect of Mathematics at secondary school and tertiary levels is extremely important. It is inevitable that pupils and students become involved with hypothetical arguments. They also learn to use the contrapositive in proof. They use, among others, proofs by contradiction. Futhermore, necessary and sufficient conditions are related to theorems and their converses. It is therefore apparent that the study of logic is necessary already at secondary school level in order to practice Mathematics satisfactorily. To ensure that acceptable Mathematics is practised, it is necessary to take cognizance of the lack of control over language development, where words can have more than one meaning. For this reason an artificial language must be used so that interpretations can have one meaning. Faulty interpretations are ruled out in such an artificial language. A language which is rich enough to accommodate Mathematics is the first-order predicate logic. Mathematical theories can be formalised within the context of this artificial language. Different techniques of proof from the first-order logic are identified, categorized and explained in fairly simple terms. An analysis of Mathematics syllabuses of the Department of Education and an institution for teacher training has indicated that pupils should use these techniques of proof. According to these syllabuses pupils should be familiar with logical arguments. The conclusion which is reached, gives evidence that pupils' and students' background in logic is completely lacking and inadequate. As a result they cannot cope adequately with argumentation and this causes a poor perception of what Mathematics exactly entails. Recommendations to bridge these serious problems in the instruction of Mathematics, as well as further research projects are discussed in the final chapter.
Curriculum and Institutional Studies
D. Phil. (Wiskundeonderwys)

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
商船學系所
94
This study was aimed at the professional course, teaching textbook, teaching aids, teachers and the student’s number and graduation opportunity of marine academy, to probe into the training and education of seafarers of marine academy. Regulated in the STCW Convention and STCW Code and the training and education of coast guard academy in United States, Japan and Taiwan, etc. For the purpose of tendering the ways in improving about the training and education of coast guard academy that will well suited for our custom and national needs. Keyword：Maritime Police；Maritime Education; Seafarers’ Training & Education；Coast Guard

D.Ed.
The school is an institution that came into being on demand of the community and as such is also responsible to the community for all its activities. This entails that the teaching provided by the school should be directed, amongst other things, to the interests and needs of the learners and the community. To ensure that the teaching is systematic, purposeful and progresses according to specified contents, all school activities are organized by a programme, known as a curriculum. This research was directed at a definite aspect of formal teaching provision, viz. vocationally-oriented education and more specifically to technical education at secondary school level. Observation and commentary from various sources indicate that the relevance of technical education at school level is questioned by post-school "users of technical education". This is particularly pertinent if it is considered against the background of, inter alia, the appeal for a greater shift in emphasis of vocationally-oriented and vocational education, the revision of the broad curriculum for pre-tertiary education that is currently being undertaken and the economic, social and political climate that prevails in the RSA at present. The problem for the present research was defined against this background as the search for measures to ensure that the curricula for the technical field of study at school level comply with the needs and demands of the community with specific reference to the post-school "users of technical education". The purpose of the study centres around the development of a curriculum for technical education. As a result of restrictions imposed on the extent of the study the developmental activities were curtailed to the design of a part-theory that comprises a situation and goal analysis followed by the setting of guidelines for a structure whereby the contents for the electrical field of study (as exemplar for the technical field of study) can be selected and organized. In achieving this aim, brief consideration was initially given to the didactic-pedagogic founding of the school curriculum and curriculum development as a process. An extensive literature study was subsequently undertaken regarding technical education at school level (as a form of vocationally - oriented and vocational education). This literature investigation mainly covered two fields, viz. the historical development of technical education at school level in the RSA and definite aspects directly related to the provision of vocationally-oriented vocational education and specifically technical education at school level. Regarding the latter, consideration was given, amongst others, to relevance and differentiation as principles of educational provision, the task of the school with reference to the provision of generally-oriented and specialized education (vocationally-oriented and vocational education), the status of technical education as well as the rationalization of technical subjects at school level...