Academic literature on the topic 'Market factoring services'

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Journal articles on the topic "Market factoring services"

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Arkhangelskaya, Lyubov Yu, and Viktor N. Salin. "Current State and Development Prospects of the Russian Factoring Market (Brief Statistical Analysis)." Statistics and Economics 18, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2021-4-22-34.

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Factoring is a fairly new way for Russia to finance the accounts payable and receivable of business structures by specialized companies or credit institutions and their divisions (Factors) against the assignment of claims against one of the parties (buyer or seller) of a sale and purchase transaction of products or property to a third party (Factor) is currently developing at a high pace. On average, according to sample data for 2011 -2019 the annual growth rate of the volumes of financing of accounts payable and receivable of companies in Russia due to factoring operations increased by 20%, which in absolute terms amounted to 303.3 billion rubles, and reached by 2019 - 3.5 trillion rubles.However, there is still no established definition of this economic category in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. In the scientific and educational foreign and domestic literature there are somewhat contradictory interpretations of the classifications of the types of factoring, there is no legislatively established system of statistical indicators characterizing this segment of the financial intermediation services market. The lack of a developed regulatory framework for regulating relations in this market segment slows down its development, necessitates improving both Russian legislation and methodological support for a comprehensive statistical analysis of the state and development of this market segment. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for a comprehensive statistical analysis of the market segment of financial intermediation services, to determine the prevailing sectoral, territorial and types of proportions related to the scale of business of the parties to the factoring agreement in this market segment using the statistical methodology for analyzing the series of dynamics and attributive groupings of the main indicators characterizing the state and development of the Russian factoring market. Based on the theoretical analysis, the author’s interpretation of the content of the economic category “factoring” is given, a system of indicators is proposed that characterizes factoring as a type of financial intermediation services (object of research), based on the development of the Association of factoring companies, Rosstat, expert agencies (for example, “Expert RA”); the features of the formation of statistical groupings (series: attributive, variation, dynamics) for various purposes of analyzing the market of factoring services are revealed, the author’s method of complex statistical analysis of any segment of the financial intermediation services market, which is the subject of research, is presented. The results of approbation of the methodology for a comprehensive statistical analysis of the Russian factoring market based on sample data for 2011 – 2019 are presented, conclusions are drawn about the dynamics of the main indicators of the factoring market development, structural shifts and changes in proportions in this market segment, a forecast of expected changes in the Russian factoring market for 2021 is made, incl. and influenced by the Covid-19 pandemic.The results of this study are aimed at developing a methodology for a comprehensive statistical analysis of factoring as a segment of the financial intermediation services market, including for the purposes of international comparisons of indicators of the state and development of the Factors and their clients.They can be useful to the professional community of factoring companies (Factors), business structures - consumers of factoring services, and also be used in educational activities in the preparation of financial specialists in economic universities of the country.
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Vtorygin, A. S. "Factoring as a Method of Funding Commercial Companies." Economics and Management 27, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2021-2-139-144.

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Aim. The presented study aims to examine the essence of factoring and explore potential directions for its development in the current economic environment.Tasks. The authors determine the economic substance of factoring, making allowance for the turbulence of the global market environment and the impact of new challenges for the Russian economy.Methods. This study analyzes legislative and regulatory acts as well as works of Russian and foreign scientists regarding the theoretical and practical problems of funding companies through factoring.Results. The factoring market is actively developing, particularly at the times of macroeconomic instability, which slows the turnover of funds in the economy and increases the need for funding sources among market participants. The stability of the factoring market during the COVID crisis serves to illustrate the heightened interest of business entities in factoring as a tool for solving a number of problems in corporate financial management. Some characteristic trends in the development of the Russian factoring market include its synchronization with the international market, active development of blockchain technologies, growing number of market participants and expanding range of services provided within the framework of factoring transactions.Conclusions. Having summarized the theory and practice of factoring development in Russia and abroad, the author concludes that factoring retains its potential as a tool for funding commercial organizations in the context of the development of digital technologies. The demand for factoring services among business entities will continue to grow in the post-COVID economy, which substantiates the practicability of further developing the factoring market and improving the technology behind factoring transactions.
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Haran, O. V. "INDIVIDUAL ISSUES OF LEGAL UNDERSTANDING OF FACTORING." Constitutional State, no. 44 (December 23, 2021): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2021.44.245082.

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The article is devoted to the disclosure of certain issues concerning the understanding of the essence of the category “factoring” as an important component of financial services through the prism of today’s challenges. It is determined that the concept of factoring (financing under the assignment of the right of monetary claim) is not enshrined in civil law. It was stressed that the economic crisis has exacerbated the problem of limiting financial resources and providing quality financial services, which leads to the search and implementation of innovative types of financial services and needs to improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, development of credit operations of banks and financial companies standards of the European Union, improving trade conditions in Ukraine. And here, factoring comes in handy, which is an effective tool to accelerate money circulation and increase business efficiency. However, due to the rapid development of factoring in the financial services market – regulations in this area need to be updated and there is a need to introduce new scientific recommendations for its practical application. In the article the essence of factoring is covered in the plane of theory, and also, in the plane of judicial practice. It is noted that among researchers of this issue there is no generalizing concept of this category and understanding the essence of this legal phenomenon through the prism of today’s challenges. Emphasis is placed on the existence of four main concepts of factoring, namely: the assignment of the right of claim; it is a banking operation; this is a type of financial services; this is a separate independent contract type. It is proposed to consider factoring as a complex concept. Particular attention is paid to the indication of the characteristics of financial services, which allows through their prism to highlight factoring transactions.
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Гараева, Татьяна, Tatyana Garaeva, Людмила Згонник, Lyudmila Zgonnik, Инесса Романовна Романова, and Inessa Romanovna Romanova. "EVALUATION OF FACTORING IN THE COMPANY´S ACTIVITIES IN TRANSPORT SERVICE." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 6 (October 3, 2016): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21208.

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The article presents an analysis of the factoring services market at the national and global levels, and identifies the main factoring market development trends. Based on the material of transport service company, limited liability company "Fairway", the authors substantiate the economic efficiency of factoring as a tool for replenishment of circulating assets of transport companies in the current economic conditions. Accumulation by factoring a number of functions is an important advantage over other forms of funding. This is especially important for small and medium-sized businesses in sphere of transport service that do not have sufficient volume of human and financial resources. Factoring allows to avoid a situation where the liability to tax on income appears before inflow of funds from the sale. Greater incentive for the factoring development for tax optimization is applying of a similar approach to the determination of the date of VAT payment. Funding within the factoring will allow Fairway to solve the problem of shortage of working capital without growth of accounts payable. Factoring has a positive effect on the financial indicators of an enterprise, such as liquidity and solvency. In general, the impact of factoring on the financial indicators of the transport service company "Fairway" is carried out by means of reduction of accounts receivable turnover period (shortening of the financial cycle), increasing the receivables turnover (number of turnovers), the reduction of the value of accounts receivable (release), more efficient use of working capital, increasing the coefficient of instant liquidity, reducing the tax base for income tax.
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Marak, Zericho R., and Dilip Ambarkhane. "Determinants of Accounts Receivables Financing: India and Other Asian Economies Perspectives." Indian Economic Journal 67, no. 1-2 (June 2019): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220941661.

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Globally, factoring services have shown steady growth in facilitating trade finance. The need for such kind of alternative financing became more important particularly after the financial crisis of 2008. Asia witnessed a very high growth in factoring, and it has emerged as the second largest market after Europe. However, factoring in India has not shown significant growth. This study investigates the causes for under-utilisation of factoring in India. Two-step generalised method of moments (GMM) was used to find out the significant variables influencing factoring services and then a comparative analysis of Asian economies was performed based on the significant variables. The results show that manufacturing and allied activities, credit information availability, legal rights for lenders and borrowers and sound enforcement mechanism are crucial in offering conducive environment for factoring. The comparative analysis reveals that China performs well on most of the parameters, whereas India needs to improve on all the parameters, especially the enforcement mechanism. In general, all the Asian countries require improvement in many parameters.
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Piguła, Ewelina, and Marta Paduszyńska. "Factoring as a Special Means of Financing SMEs’ Activities – the Case of Enterprises in the Lodz Area." Finanse i Prawo Finansowe 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2391-6478.2.3.09.

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The article considers the usefulness of factoring as a short-term instrument allowing enterprises to finance their activities. Suppliers choosing factoring can offer buyers extended debt payment periods, improve their liquidity, as well as gaining access to additional services offered by factors. This analysis focuses on the benefits, usefulness and weaknesses of factoring, including the business effects of this facility and the prospects of its development. An attempt is made to demonstrate that factoring has a great potential for growth as a source of short-term funding for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Two methods are used to this end: a review of the pertinent Polish and foreign literature including research articles, and a questionnaire survey of 20 SMEs with relevant experience in using this facility. The analysis of the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of factoring shows that in the period 2010–2014 in which market instabilities were observed factoring was a useful and frequently employed means of short-term funding.
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Pylypenko, Svitlana, Yuliia Udovenko, and Vitalii Cherneha. "LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FACTORING CONTRACT IN ROMANIA." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 5 (February 11, 2019): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-5-251-255.

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In light of the fact that capital is a major factor in production, the development of entrepreneurial activity becomes impossible without considering the financial market and the resources provided to its subjects. Regardless of the degree of development, any entrepreneurial activity is engaged in direct contact with financial markets, in particular through institutions that act as intermediaries in raising money and services. The development of a solid basis for doing business requires understanding the rules of functioning of the financial system and its mechanisms. Considering the current economic situation, as well as the procedure for granting loans by banks, which is gradually becoming more complicated, while the national and international markets require capital movement, factoring becomes the most accessible instrument and only source of financing, with which the latter increases concurrently with sales. Therefore, the aim of this article is to study the legal nature of the factoring contract in Romania: to identify its regulation object, functions, types, legal features, and other specificities to introduce the positive experience of foreign colleagues to the legislation of Ukraine. Methodology. It is proved that the current legislation concerning the issue of factoring in Ukraine should be improved because in our country the factoring market is still not very common in spite of its rapid development in the world. Moreover, there are no thorough studies on factoring in general and a factoring agreement in particular; some issues on this topic have been considered only in scientific articles. Therefore, the authors refer to the legislation of Romania to determine those features of legal regulation, which have contributed to the rapid and effective development of this institution in this country, and to make appropriate proposals for improving domestic legislation with the use of positive foreign experience. Results. The article suggests a general description of the factoring contract in Romania: the concept of this agreement is revealed; the object of its regulation, as well as implementation of the factoring contract, is determined; its functions and features are described; the parties to the agreement and their legal status are determined. The specificities that have contributed to the rapid enlargement of factoring in Romania are given particular consideration. Practical implication. The factoring agreement as an operating instrument for credit institutions is especially important due to its constant practical applicability that enables to choose the optimal commercial activity both at the national and international levels. Relevance/originality. In Ukraine, given the need for further development of entrepreneurial activity, the issue of increasing total factoring operations is important. The implementation of positive international experience on this issue in domestic legislation is essential for this stage.
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Mioducka, Mirosława, and Joanna Małecka. "The Use of Financial Products in Liquidity Risk Management by SMEs." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cplbu-2020-0032.

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AbstractRisk, which is inherent to any business activity, is an issue that should be considered as early as at its conceptual stage and the very idea of its creation. The awareness of its existence and effective risk management is one of the factors which decide whether an organization will prosper or not. Control over possible risks can be exercised in several ways, one of which is outsourcing of risk to other market participants, such as financial institutions. This option is not a widespread solution in the Polish market, which may be due to low awareness among managers in the field of both risk identification and diversification. In the era of entrepreneurial economy, SMEs, which account for 99.8% of the European population and generate about 50% of GDP, having a significant impact on international trade, should become the primary addressees of training and education initiatives to inform them about risks and possibilities of their mitigation. The purpose of the article is to indicate financial services, mainly factoring, offered by money market institutions as an opportunity to improve current financial liquidity of enterprises, and to demonstrate the importance of education in adequate understanding and promotion of those solutions.
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Kalivoshko, Oleksii. "The analysis of financial companies activities as the elements of Ukraine financial and credit market infrastructure." University Economic Bulletin, no. 41 (March 30, 2019): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2019-41-179-188.

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Relevance of research topic. One of the most enigmatic and at the same time systemically important and system-building institutions of the infrastructure of the financial and credit market of Ukraine are financial companies. Formulation of the problem. Diverse issues related to the functioning of financial companies are not paid much attention by domestic scientists and officials, especially in comparison with other financial intermediaries, as well as their role and significance for the national economy. Analysis of recent research and publications. Despite the large number of publications on financial companies, most of them do not apply to the domestic financial market. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Carrying out a review of the scientific national periodical press about the activities of financial companies in the infrastructure of the financial and credit market of Ukraine, we concluded that there is a lack of attention to the functioning of domestic financial companies, therefore, in the study, we will try to fill this gap at least slightly. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. Conduct an analysis and disclose the activities of financial companies as elements of the infrastructure of the financial and credit market of Ukraine. Method or methodology for conducting research. Became a systematic approach and formal logic. In order to achieve this goal, information materials, analytical and statistical data related to the activities of financial companies, scientific works of scientists were worked out. Methods of induction and deduction, generalization and comparison were used. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The analysis of the activity of financial companies as elements of the infrastructure of the financial and credit market of Ukraine. Dynamics of changes in the number of financial companies is evaluated. Dynamics of changes in volumes of their capital assets volumes by types of financial services in monetary and interest terms are analyzed. The dynamics of changes in the value and number of factoring contracts and the dynamics of the change in the distribution of factoring transactions by industry in the monetary and interest terms are also characterized. The field of application of results. The results of the research can be used to the accelerate further scientific consideration of topical issues related to the functioning of financial companies and will serve as the basis for state and legislative initiatives to increase the economic interest of business entities to revitalize financial companies. Conclusions according to the article. Financial companies are system elements of the infrastructure of the financial and credit market. In order for them to become system-based and give impetus to the effective development of the entire financial system, they need adequate regulatory and information support, on the one hand to popularize their services, and on the other hand to improve the quality of control and increase transparency of activities.
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R, Saravanaselvi, and Thiruppathy K. "Functions of the indian mutual fund industry." Journal of Management and Science 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2013): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2013.5.

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Investment is a commitment of funds in real assets or financial assets. Investment involves risk and gain. In the present dynamic global environment, e x p l o r i n g investment a v e n u e s a r e of g r e a t r e l e v a n c e .Investment skills developed over a period of time are considerably influenced by experience and spadework carried out to arrive at conclusions. The success of an investment acti vit y depends on the knowledge and ability of investors to invest, the right amount, in the right type of investment, at the right time. Real assets, being tangible material things, are less liquid than financial asset Compared to financial assets, returns on real assets are more difficult to measure accurately due to the absence of broad, ready, and active market. Financial assets available to individual investors are manifold, having different concomitant benefits to choose from. All financial investments are risky but the degree of risk and return differ from each other. An investor has to use his discretion, which is an art acquired by l earning a n d pra ct i cal experience. The knowledge of financial investment and the art of its management are the basic requirements for a successful investor Financial system comprises of financial institutions, services, markets and instruments,which are closely related and work in conjunction with each other. The litany of new financial institutions and instruments developed in recent years, with the ostensible objective of modernizing the financial sector, is impressively long; Mutual Funds, Discount and Finance House of India, Money Market Mutual Funds, Certificate of Deposit, Commercial Paper, Factoring and Treasury Bills. Financial services through the network of elements serve the needsofindividuals, institutionsand companies. It is through these elements, the functioning of the financial system is facilitated. Over the years, the financial services in India have undergone revolutionary changes and had become more sophisticated, in response to the varied needs of the economy. The process of financial sector reforms, economic liberalization and globalization of Indian Ca pi tal Market had generated and augmented the interest of the investors in equity. But, due to Inadequate knowledge of the capital market and lack of professional expertise, the common investors are still hesitant to invest their hard earned money in the corporate securities. The advent of mutual funds has helped in garnering the investible funds of this category of investors in a significant way.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Market factoring services"

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Кірієнко, О. Е. "Становлення ринку факторингових послуг в Україні." Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59263.

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Факторинг – банківська операція, що передбачає придбання права вимоги на виконання зобов’язань у грошовій формі за поставлені товари чи надані послуги і прийняття на себе ризику виконання таких вимог і прийом платежів.
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Books on the topic "Market factoring services"

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Accesul romilor pe piața muncii: Aspirații, factori și strategii de reușită. București: Editura Expert, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Market factoring services"

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Lazarenko, Alla L., Elena I. Minakova, Natalya A. Dumnova, Ekaterina I. Mosina, and Tatiana L. Lukyanchikova. "Development of the Factoring Services Market in Russia in the Conditions of Implementation of Information Technologies." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 602–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90835-9_70.

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Fabbris, Luigi, and Paolo Feltrin. "Mapping and factoring the 2007 ATECO categories in regard to specialised human capital." In Proceedings e report, 93–98. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-461-8.18.

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The paper describes an exercise of classification of a subset of five-digit categories of the 2007 ATECO classification system of economic activities. The analysis is grounded on the hypothesis that economic sectors can be clustered according to the competency level required to human resources recently working in industries or services in Italy. The analysis may be useful to evaluate a possible relationship between economic development and education. The analysis consisted of a mapping and then a clustering of the Ateco categories according to the between-distribution dissimilarity of any possible couple of categories. The basic idea was to highlight the Ateco categories that require either more education than others or more education and working experience (human capital) than others, pinpointing, in particular, the categories that require larger percentages of tertiary education and those residing close to territorial hubs. The competency level was measured with a combination of educational attainment and in-service experience of Italian employees, as defined by Istat, the Italian statistical institute. The employees’ educational level was evaluated with the frequency distribution of five (ordinal) classes of education of people employed in 2018 and 2019 in both private and public establishments and offices; the working experience with a logarithmic transform of the average number of in-service years of employees. The analysis highlighted both a sort of input-related classification of the economy and a supply-side classification of the labour market. The results are in line with the theory of the existence of a cluster of creative companies residing close to territorial hubs.
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Dale, Peter, and John McLaughlin. "Economic Issues in Land Administration." In Land Administration. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233909.003.0015.

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Land is of such fundamental importance that the land administration function has tended to be taken for granted. Increasingly, however, there is a debate as to how much money should be allocated to this area and with what priority. A host of concerns have been raised with respect to: 1. documenting the benefits and costs of titling and registration projects; 2. financing the construction and ongoing management of land administration infrastructure; 3. developing appropriate pricing strategies and policies for land administration services and products; and 4. examining the economic issues associated with determining the most effective roles for government and the private sector in the land administration field. Where more fundamental assessment of the role of real property has taken place, two schools of thought have emerged that are not mutually exclusive. The first has been based on traditional arguments for detailed a priori benefit/cost assessments (factoring in both quantifiable and non-quantifiable variables); the second and more recent has argued for minimal initial investment in the infrastructure, leaving it to market forces to dictate subsequent developments. The classic work of Gershon Feder and his World Bank colleagues on assessing the benefits of titling and registration has recently been reported in Feder and Nishio (1998). Feder developed a conceptual framework for the economics of land registration, initially in the context of a study on rural Thailand (Feder et al 1988). Two links between titles and economic performance were highlighted: the enhancement of tenure security and the role of titles in collateral arrangements that would facilitate access to institutional credit. Feder’s conceptual framework for evaluating landownership security and farm productivity is illustrated in Figure 11.1. Using empirical evidence from rural Thailand, Feder and his team compared the economic performance of two groups of farmers: one group was without legal titles and operated in forest reserves while the another group had legal titles and operated outside the forest reserve boundaries. Study sites were selected from four provinces, with the comparative groups operating in geographical proximity and within a similar agrarian and climatic environment.
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Rajabi, Mahdi, Nathalie Dens, and Patrick De Pelsmacker. "Self-Brand Congruity and Brand Communication." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services, 137–53. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6242-1.ch008.

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Brand communication through advertising plays an important role in developing strong brands in emerging markets, especially in India. This chapter investigates how ethnocentrism moderates the effects of advertising adaptation levels (globalization, glocalization, and localization) on Indian consumers' ad evaluation and self-brand congruity. It uses self-brand congruity to explain the psychological reasons behind the Indian consumers' preferential patterns of the levels of advertising adaptation. A 2 (local celebrity, global celebrity) x 2 (local verbal cues, global verbal cues) full factorial between-subjects experiment is set up with 219 Indian consumers. Ethnocentrism is measured at the individual level. Results show that highly ethnocentric individuals respond more positively (attitude towards the ad and self-brand congruity) to localization and glocalization advertising strategies compared to a globalization strategy, while lowly ethnocentric individuals do not respond differently to these strategies. The practical and theoretical implications as well as suggestions for further research are discussed.
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Sirer, Esennur. "The Narrative of Fanaticism in Advertising." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services, 314–21. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9790-2.ch027.

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Entertainment is an activity that emerged with capitalism. With intense working conditions and unbearable lives, people who live in the city are made amazed by entertainment techniques. In factories or on the production line, it was necessary to entertain mechanically constantly-working masses in an easy and inexpensive way. The football, which is used for this purpose, has an important role in organizing the time of leisure and leisure. The interest of the broad masses of fans has made football an interest of advertisers. Many products are marketed in color. Shaped shirts and sporty products are the most important ones every year. All the products of the team are turned into a part of the football game, which is trying to sell all the products of the team. Not just fans going to the match; old, young, child, adult, female, male - everyone is walking around on the match day like a billboard.
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Fourie, David, and Cornel Malan. "Technological Approach to Ensure Ethical Procurement Management." In Factoring Ethics in Technology, Policy Making and Regulation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98650.

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Various studies have reported a positive connection between the public procurement and economic performance of a country, in terms of value for money, enhanced human welfare and improved economic growth. According to the World Bank, a distinction can be made between accountable governments where public procurement’s share of the GDP is over fourteen percent, medium accountability countries with a share of thirteen percent and low accountability countries with less than twelve percent. In response to the ever-increasing complexity of procurement, many disruptive innovations as well as rapid developments in digitalization are reforming global supply chains. The principles of a sound procurement system include accountability, competitive supply, and consistency, which when viewed together with ethics and good governance, become the corners stones of an effective, efficient, transparent, and reliable procurement system. Ethical risks are possible in every stage of the procurement process; however, e-procurement has become a powerful tool to curb fraud, corruption, and unethical behaviour in public procurement as it reinforces the ethics of transparency, accountability, and integrity in procurement functions. With e-procurement being a relatively new form of procuring goods and services, it has been up against several challenges, notwithstanding the proven benefits of using electronic means in procurement. The movement to e-procurement has been a slow process globally, but various countries such as Germany, Korea, Brazil, and Zambia have already started to reap the fruits of their efforts. The main benefit of introducing e-procurement recorded by the World Bank has been a marked upturn in transparency and competition. This chapter aims to unpack the link between technology, procurement, and ethics towards the provision of goods and services by governments for the greater good of all.
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Gottschalk, Petter. "Offshore IT Outsourcing." In E-Business Strategy, Sourcing and Governance, 200–210. IGI Global, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-004-2.ch012.

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The shifting geography of business processes can de defined as the third wave of geography-related change in the design and operation of corporations. During the first wave, the improving transportation infrastructure of the 20th century enabled corporations to seek effective production capabilities in increasingly far-flung locations that provided access to new markets and tangible resources — land, local factories, mines, and production workers. During the second wave, as capital markets became global and interconnected in the latter half of the 20th century, corporations began to capitalize on vibrant global financial markets for both debt and equity. Now we are in the midst of a third wave — in which digitized business processes like order processing, billing, customer service, accounts and payroll processing, and design and development can be carried out without regard to physical location (Venkatraman, 2004). According to Kaiser and Hawk (2004), all executives need to explore offshore outsourcing. Competitors’ use, or perceived use, makes evaluation inevitable. Even IT organizations that choose not to use offshore companies must be able to convince their senior management that they have carefully considered the option. Those who do choose to outsource need to decide how they want to work with an offshore organization.
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Titmuss, Richard M. "A study of blood donor motivation in South Africa." In The Gift Relationship, 158–63. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447349570.003.0011.

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This chapter looks at a study of blood donor motivation in South Africa, which was commissioned by the Natal Blood Transfusion Service and carried out in Durban. Much of the fieldwork was done by six trained Bantu graduates which helps to explain the perceptive nature of some of the interview data elicited from poor and semi-literate Bantu workers. The study shows that the Bantu donor is statistically rare. They come mainly from institutional groups such as factories and schools and tend to be younger, better educated, and with higher incomes than the average Bantu adult in Durban. The concepts of blood held by the average manual worker Bantu closely link blood with health and are unfavourable to blood donation. Moreover, in the Bantu population at large there is widespread ignorance about, and fear of, blood donation. A marked characteristic of the Bantu blood donors is that they tend to give blood only once or twice.
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Zukin, Sharon. "Conclusion Destination Culture and the Crisis of Authenticity." In Naked City. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195382853.003.0014.

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When Jane Jacobs wrote The Death and Life of Great American Cities in 1960, death was all too evident around her. New York City’s port was shutting down, factories and neighborhoods hadn’t altered their look since the beginning of the century, and middle-class families were fleeing from declining public services and expanding dark ghettos to the suburbs. The city, it was clear, lay in the grip of two malevolent forces, government and developers, though Jacobs directed her ire at architects and bureaucrats, whose plans, she said, destroyed lively neighborhoods and extinguished all sparks of social life. In Jacobs’s view the monolithic office towers, large public housing projects, intrusive highways, and monumental cultural centers that marked postwar cities brought on a “great blight of dullness” and reduced residents to passive pawns. Followed to a logical extreme, these were not plans for growth; they were a design for catastrophe. The city’s life, on the other hand, required preserving the old streets, buildings, and blocks that seemed so old-fashioned, for these sustained the delicate fabric of social uses and cultural meanings that wove people together. On this authenticity the city’s future would depend. “Authenticity” was not a word in Jacobs’s vocabulary. She talked instead about density and diversity, about “character and liveliness,” and how to “avoid the ravages of apathetic and helpless neighborhoods.” For the most part, she advocated resisting overscale development and permitting good design of urban spaces to encourage community involvement. It is not clear that following her suggestions would have allowed cities to avoid the lack of investment in public institutions and the miscarriage of racial and social equality that depressed so many neighborhoods in the next generation. By now, though, we have enough critical distance from those neighborhoods to see them as “authentic,” and we can use our Jacobs-influenced vision to transform their authenticity into equity for all. We already use the streets and buildings to create a physical fiction of our common origins; now we need to tap deeper into the aesthetic of new beginnings that inspires our emotions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Market factoring services"

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Schmid, Kyrill, Lenz Belzner, Robert Müller, Johannes Tochtermann, and Claudia Linnhoff-Popien. "Stochastic Market Games." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/54.

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Some of the most relevant future applications of multi-agent systems like autonomous driving or factories as a service display mixed-motive scenarios, where agents might have conflicting goals. In these settings agents are likely to learn undesirable outcomes in terms of cooperation under independent learning, such as overly greedy behavior. Motivated from real world societies, in this work we propose to utilize market forces to provide incentives for agents to become cooperative. As demonstrated in an iterated version of the Prisoner's Dilemma, the proposed market formulation can change the dynamics of the game to consistently learn cooperative policies. Further we evaluate our approach in spatially and temporally extended settings for varying numbers of agents. We empirically find that the presence of markets can improve both the overall result and agent individual returns via their trading activities.
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Nomura, Junji, Susumu Morikura, and Shinya Tada. "Approach to Sustainable Smart Town and Role of International Standardization." In ASME/ISCIE 2012 International Symposium on Flexible Automation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isfa2012-7275.

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Sustainable Smart Town (SST) scheme which utilizes networking of energy and information is receiving much attention as a way of stable energy supply and efficient operation in each region and country. SST consists of Smart Grid to supply energy efficiently and energy efficient buildings such as smart homes, condominiums, stores and factories. In addition, new service such as Demand Response Service which takes advantage of networking is beginning to appear in the market. This paper introduces outline of several SST pilot projects, energy consumption reduction in office building, demand response in existing residential house and information security system for facilities. It also mentions the role and future prospect of International Standardization to realize the safe, secure, comfortable and convenient SST.
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Reports on the topic "Market factoring services"

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Expanding private sector involvement in addressing family planning needs of young people in Egypt: Increasing the use of private sector health facilities for family planning and reproductive health information and service provision for Egyptian youth. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1000.

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USAID/Egypt is supporting the Evidence Project/Population Council Egypt Office to implement a research activity to generate evidence on scalable interventions to expand private sector family planning and reproductive health programming for young Egyptians aged 18–34. The activity is investigating how to increase demand for private family planning services through peer education and social media campaigns that specifically target young people. The project targets young people in factories in Port Said in urban Souhag, both married and single, to “prepare the market” before they get married.
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