Academic literature on the topic 'Market Failures'

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Journal articles on the topic "Market Failures"

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Levinson, Daryl J. "Market Failures and Failures of Markets." Virginia Law Review 85, no. 8 (November 1999): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1073937.

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Butler, Eamonn. "The Public Choice Analysis of Market Failures and Government Failures." Korea Public Choice Association 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 45–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55795/jpc.2022.1.1.045.

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In recent years, the Public Choice School scholars argue that public policymaking has its own failures. Public Choice scholars pointed out that the people who make public decisions – politicians or bureaucrats - are in fact just as self-interested as anyone else. They are, after all, the same people; individuals do not suddenly become angels when they get a job in government. We call it ‘democracy’, but actually it is politics, and political interests to colour the whole process. People do not vote at elections out of ‘public interest’, but they vote to promote their own interests. The politicians and bureaucrats also have personal interests of their own. So the Public Choice School economists suggest that it might be better to leave the markets alone, rather than replace market failure by an even worse government failure. Over the last few decades, the Public Choice School’s arguments have had a growing effect to explain real politics. In established democracies, there is more recognition of the private interests of legislators and bureaucrats, and of the need to restrain them. In addition, policies designed to restrain public decision making, inspired by the Public Choice School, are becoming more common. In this essay, I attempt to explain the Public Choice School’s main idea and various issues in a conceptual and critical way.
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Sandler, Todd. "Tropical Deforestation: Markets and Market Failures." Land Economics 69, no. 3 (August 1993): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146589.

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Wolf, Charles. "Market and Non-Market Failures: Comparison and Assessment." Journal of Public Policy 7, no. 1 (January 1987): 43–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00004347.

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ABSTRACTThis paper aims to redress the asymmetry in the standard economic treatment of the shortcomings of markets and governments by developing and applying a theory of ‘nonmarket’ failure– that is, of government failure – so that the comparison between markets and governments can be made more systematically, and choices between them arrived at more intelligently. Several conclusions are drawn. First, the choice between markets and governments is not a pure one, actual systems inevitably involve combinations between markets and governments. Second, with respect to both static and dynamic efficiency criteria, markets generally do better than governments. Third, there are various ways in which government can contribute to improving the functioning of markets. Fourth, market forces can play a useful role in improving the functioning of government and reducing the incidence of nonmarket failures.
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Redmond, William. "Marketing Systems and Market Failure." Journal of Macromarketing 38, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276146718796913.

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The paper seeks to re-examine a classic piece of macromarketing scholarship which dealt with market failures. That analysis was based on a transactional approach to markets, rather than a systems approach. Having become more prominent in the macromarketing literature since that time, marketing systems are the focus of the present analysis. The paper looks at six types of market failure: imperfect competition, entry barriers, externalities, imperfect information, inequality, and transaction costs. Definitions, politics and political economy are discussed, as is a more systems-oriented approach to the assessment of market failures.
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Kadariah, Siti, Rani Febriyanni, and Isnaini Harahap. "Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kegagalan Pasar (Market Failure)." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 22, no. 2 (July 26, 2022): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i2.2097.

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Market failure can occur if the allocation of economic resources cannot be distributed optimally in society. In the conditions, the market will cause too much or too little of either goods or services to be produced in an economy. Market failure occurs when the market fails to allocate resources efficiently. Market failure can also be interpreted as a situation where the market does not respond to a product when there is over supply or over demand. Prices do not limit demand and cannot increase supply so that an efficient market is not created. Market failures can occur due to the following factors, namely: Asymmetric information, externalities, public goods (public), and market imperfections. This study aims to determine the factors that influence market failures that cause market imbalances. The method used is qualitative research. The results obtained from the study are market failures can occur due to factors including: Asymmetric information, externalities, public property (public), market imperfections or a decrease in average costs. To eliminate market failures, several solutions can be implemented. Use of laws & pricing mechanisms.
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Leffler, Olof. "Market Failures and Moral Failures: A Dilemma." Public Affairs Quarterly 38, no. 2 (April 1, 2024): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/21520542.38.2.04.

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Abstract I present a dilemma for the market failures approach to business ethics. On an orthodox interpretation, it takes moral requirements for businesses to require them not to profit from market failures to approximate Pareto efficiency. On a moralized interpretation, it also incorporates other considerations. However, the orthodox approach is extensionally inadequate, for it is legitimate to profit from many of the allegedly ruled-out market failures. The moralized approach does better but fails to be sufficiently comprehensive. First, it has not been shown why we ought to adhere to any particular limited subset of norms of and for the market. Second, we have a very general reason to mitigate the moral horror of the world, which indicates that the market failures approach is too arbitrarily restricted.
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Shenoy, Ajay. "Market failures and misallocation." Journal of Development Economics 128 (September 2017): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2017.05.004.

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Cheshire, Paul C. "Land market regulation: market versus policy failures." Journal of Property Research 30, no. 3 (September 2013): 170–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2013.791339.

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Amato, Massimo, and Luca Fantacci. "Failures on the market and market failures: a complementary currency for bankruptcy procedures." Cambridge Journal of Economics 40, no. 5 (July 19, 2016): 1377–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/bew029.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Market Failures"

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Jus, Darko. "Market vs. policy failures." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-162245.

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Feijer, Diego (Diego Francisco Feijer Rovira). "Financial market failures and systemic crises." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101570.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 97-103).
This thesis contributes to the theoretical literature that studies the macroeconomic implications of financial frictions. It develops frameworks to address different financial market failures, and evaluate preventive policies to mitigate the vulnerability of the economy to costly systemic crises. First, it identifies a credit risk (fire sale) externality that justifies the macroprudential regulation of short-term debt to mitigate the probability of systemic bank runs. Without regulation, banks do not internalize how their funding decisions affects the terms at which other market participants can obtain credit. The formal welfare study conducted, provides a general equilibrium notion of systemic risk that captures both fundamental insolvency and illiquidity risk. It also connects this measure with the optimal Pigouvian (corrective) tax. Second, it shows that liquidity crises may arise as the result of endogenous information panics. It finds that collective ignorance is welfare maximizing but it is fragile, susceptible to self-fulfilling fears about asymmetric information. Adverse selection may thus obtain in equilibrium, sustained by negative aggregate expectations. The mechanism that gives rise to multiple equilibria is robust to the introduction of noisy private signals, and warrants the regulation of information acquisition for rent-seeking (speculative) motives. Finally, it demonstrates the limitations of unconventional credit easing policies to stimulate lending during market-freezes. With inter-temporal investment complementarities, credit to non-financial firms may be curtailed as the result of dynamic coordination failures. Interest rate cuts mitigate coordination risk, but increase the average duration of credit market freezes when the productivity of capital is high. Capital injections in the banking sector, or direct lending to non-financial firms, are completely ineffective, because reductions in deposits from households crowd out government spending. In contrast, government guarantees improve welfare by reducing strategic uncertainty.
by Diego Feijer.
Ph. D.
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Klien, Shira. "Education in India : market failures and political considerations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1930/.

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Governments around the world fund schools and are also involved in operating them. There is wide agreement that governments should be involved in provision of education, but the appropriate level and form of their involvement is a subject of debate. The key justifications for government involvement are externalities and credit market imperfections, and this thesis examines these inefficiencies within the context of India's education system. Chapter 2 assesses human capital externalities in India. It demonstrates that living in a locality with educated individuals has a strong beneficial effect on wages over and above the effect of one's own education. In line with theoretical predictions, the effect is strongest for small geographical areas. In contrast to a general equilibrium interpretation of the results, skilled labour also benefits from a better level of local education. Furthermore, human capital externalities are more pronounced in nonprimary industries. Chapter 3 analyses the effect of credit constraints on education. The principal findings are that credit constraints significantly reduce school attendance and increase wealth inequalities in educational outcomes. Temporary income shocks reduce the probability of attending school, but access to credit mitigates this effect. Finally, the results are not limited to short-term outcomes, but are also seen to be present in long-term outcomes. Chapter 4 studies how representation of teachers in India's state Upper Houses affects the provision of education. The main results are that teacher representation increases employment of teachers in represented schools and reduces employment in unrepresented schools, with a corresponding effect on educational outcomes. Rather than achieving the intended objectives of teacher representation, teachers seem to have used their political power to shift resources in their favour.
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Ronchi, Loraine. "Fairtrade and market failures in international commodity trade." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514184.

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This thesis concerns an intervention in commodity markets known as 'Fairtrade', which pays producers a minimum 'fair' price and provides support to their cooperative organisations. Fairtrade justifies its intervention in commodity markets like coffee by claiming that factors like market power and producer organisation inefficiency marks down the prices producers receive ("producer price mark-downs"). As the market share of Fairtrade coffee grows. its intervention in commodity markets is of increasing interest. This is particularly true as international commodity policy also increasingly focuses less on the support and stabilisation of low prices. and more on enabling producers to increase their share of existing returns through gains in efficiency and profitability. Using an original data set collected from fieldwork in the coffee market for Costa Rica, the thesis assesses the role of Fairtrade in overcoming the market factors it claims limits producer returns. Careful research into farm-gate prices paid by milling firms and the detailed construction of an international benchmark price for Costa Rican coffee permit the construction of a producer price mark-down measure that informs on efficiency and market power. In addition to the role of Fairtrade, the measure permits the testing of hypotheses about what explains producer price mark-downs over mills and over time. Features of the Costa Rican input market for coffee permit a generalisation of the results. The empirical results find that market power is a limiting factor in the Costa Rican market and that Fairtrade does improve the efficiency of cooperatives, thereby increasing the returns to producers. The results also suggest that producers selling to vertically integrated multinational coffee mills face lower producer price mark-downs as compared to domestically owned non-cooperative mills. This result contradicts the popular view that increasing concentration of vertically-Integrated multinational firms account for a decline in coffee producer returns over time.
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Rossi, Enrico. "Regulating asset ownership : capabilities and market failures in infrastructures." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3634/.

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The regulation of assets and infrastructures has always been a central problem of economic theory. The first approach of regulatory and antitrust authorities was to regard assetownership as a source of welfare inefficiency. This was the “monopoly explanation” that was contested by Coase. Developing from Coase’s original intuitions, a contractual approach emerged in regulatory economics. This second tradition relies on the concept of transaction costs, or market failures, to justify the role of ownership for welfare and regulatory purposes. Yet, even though in the contractual approach ownership is not regarded as a necessary source of welfare inefficiencies, it still remains the necessary consequence of some dysfunctional characteristic of the market mechanism. This study addresses the role of asset ownership understood in terms of the owner’s subjective use value. The aim is thus to provide a theory of ownership based on a reinterpretation of the concept of value, relying on the classical dualism between value-inexchange and value-in-use. Private ownership of a good or resource becomes relevant for welfare and efficiency purposes whenever assets can be redeployed internally across alternative subjective opportunities by the owner to satisfy their private, subjective, requirements. Through in-house redeployment, the asset owner becomes independent of the performances and requirements of external market mechanisms. If auto-employment is allowed, then two conditions are satisfied. First, the performance of the market mechanism becomes unnecessary to understand how assets are allocated among alternative uses. This makes market failures and transaction costs a non-necessary requirement to justify asset ownership and to understand its welfare implications. Second, the knowledge of an actor’s subjective capabilities in the use and employment of the asset (knowing how an actor prefers to privately use and consume an asset) becomes necessary in order to understand how different ownership patterns affect the set of idiosyncratic opportunities perceived by different potential assets owners. If auto-redeployment (in-house enjoyment or auto-consumption) is allowed, then we can see that the idiosyncratic opportunities perceived by the actors are not necessarily driven by external market mechanisms, nor by its performance. Yet, they remain relevant in order to derive normative conclusions on the allocative outcomes. This can be seen as a make-or-buy problem where the trade-off between “make” and “buy” can be reinterpreted as a trade-off in value terms, between subjective value-in-use and objective value-in-exchange. The different interpretation of the make option marks the difference between the make-or-buy problem modelled in the contract-based theory of ownership versus a capability based theory of ownership. The work argues that, whenever physical assets are privately owned and can be employed “in-house”, in order to legitimately derive normative conclusions on how privately owned assets ought to be employed in a society, some form of public regulation is always needed in order to overcome the inherent presence of subjective (actor-specific) valuations. For this reason, the work concludes that whenever value in not a monism, the legal framework should always have logical and temporal priority over the competitive mechanism of the market, independently from the performance of the latter.
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Maman, Waziri Khalid. "A stochastic earnings frontier approach to investigating labour market failures." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0164/document.

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Cette thèse de doctorat examine les principales défaillances du marché du travail qui entraînent que les travailleurs n’arrivent pas à obtenir la pleine rémunération potentielle qui corresponde à leur capital humain. Il y a « inefficacité salariale » lorsque le salaire obtenu est inférieur au maximum atteignable. Dans un tel cas, les salariés reçoivent un salaire injuste par rapport au capital humain disposé. Cela décourage à investir dans son capital humain ce qui aura tendance à réduire la productivité totale, à affaiblir la compétitivité et à nuire à la croissance économique du pays. La contribution que nous apportons à travers ce travail est de trois ordres. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons un nouveau regard par rapport à l’intégration des jeunes sur le marché du travail. Plutôt que d’examiner si les individus obtiennent un contrat de travail stable ou non, nous adoptons une approche qui s’intéresse à la qualité de l’appariement « emploi – compétences » de jeunes entrant fraîchement dans la vie active. Nos travaux fournissent des résultats empiriques qui mettent en évidence les différentes théories de recherche d’emploi. Dans un second temps, en raison du considérable défi que représente l'identification et l'évaluation des pratiques discriminatoires sur le marché du travail, nous proposons une approche innovatrice et efficace pour examiner le phénomène du plafond de verre (barrière invisible à l’accès des postes de décision mieux rémunérés). Dans la dernière partie de cette thèse, nous proposons un modèle économétrique théorique qui améliore la correction du problème de biais de sélection pour les modèles de frontière stochastique
This doctoral thesis addresses issues related to employees’ imperfect information on the labour market and discrimination, generally all direct consequences of labour underpayment or “earnings inefficiency”. Workers are in a situation of earnings inefficiency when they do not receive the full potential remuneration corresponding to their human capital endowment: unfair pay for greater stock of human capital. This situation is problematic from a policy-makers point of view as it could weaken work incentives, discourage investments in human capital, and harm economic growth and competitiveness. It could also widen inequality within the society and contribute to the increase in relative poverty.The contribution we make through this work is threefold. First, we examine the integration of young people into the labour market from a new angle. Instead of examining whether individuals obtain stable employment or not, we use an approach that focuses on the quality of the job matching for young people entering the workforce and lacking labour market information. This first chapter provides empirical evidence on job search theories. In a second chapter, because of the considerable challenge of identifying and assessing discriminatory practices in the labour market, we propose an innovative and effective approach to examine the phenomenon of the glass ceiling (an invisible barrier to management positions associated with higher earnings). Finally, the last part of this doctoral thesis is devoted to improving the econometric approach we use. We propose a theoretical econometric model that improves correction for sample selection bias with stochastic frontier models
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Rehmatulla, N. "Market failures and barriers affecting energy efficient operations in shipping." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1448234/.

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Shipping contributes to around 3% of global CO2 emissions and this is expected to increase to around 20 – 25% of global CO2 emissions by 2050 as other sectors under national inventories decarbonise to avoid dangerous climate change. Improving energy efficiency has a key role as one of the strategies to address the challenges of climate change and this research investigates the barriers to energy efficiency in shipping, which is motivated by the increasing attention given to this subject from shipping regulators, both regional (e.g. UK and EU) and international (e.g. UN and IMO). The few studies that analyse the shipping sector for barriers to energy efficiency lack clear barriers taxonomy, are not rigorous methodologically and theoretically and can benefit from empirical examination of barriers in other sectors. The aim of this research therefore is to thoroughly understand the energy efficiency gap in shipping by examining the level of implementation of energy efficient operational measures and the barriers that may be affecting implementation of these measures. To do this, the research establishes a novel framework for empirically analysing the barriers to energy efficiency. The framework utilises agency theory for comparing perceptions of barriers using the survey method to observed level of barriers using the content analysis method and actual operational data. The survey results show that operational energy efficiency measures are not fully implemented and their implementation varies by sector of operation, size of the firm and chartering level of the firm. More specifically, the survey results show that on average more operational measures are being implemented by firms which have a majority of their fleet on time charter in comparison to firms that have a majority of their fleet on voyage charter and that more measures are being implemented by firms in the drybulk sector than in the wetbulk sector. This supports the findings from fixtures analysis that shows the wetbulk sector has the majority of its fleet on voyage charter, and the content analysis findings show that the voyage charter is more prone to the principal agent usage problem, which affects the implementation of operational measures more than technical measures. The survey results also show that the respondents perceive more market failures in comparison to non-market failures as barriers to implementation of operational measures. This perception of barriers differs amongst the implementation of operational measures, with more technical operational measures being affected by informational problems and speed related measures being affected by split incentives. These findings suggest that the principal agent problem can be a plausible explanation for some of the energy efficiency gap in the implementation of operational measures in the shipping charter markets.
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Arena, Marco. "Bank fundamentals, bank failures and market discipline an empirical analysis for emerging markets during the nineties /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1680.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Pfennigsdorf, Simon. "The Role of the Government in the Venture Capital Market Overcoming Market Failures by Providing Capital /." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/03606415001/$FILE/03606415001.pdf.

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Theis, John D. (John Dennis). "Three Essays in Business Failure." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278851/.

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This dissertation consists of three essays exploring market reactions to business failure. In the first essay, the filing strategies are divided into three basic types, voluntary, involuntary and prepackaged. The second essay provides insight into industry wide factors impacting assimilation of information by the market. The third essay provides a view of the GARCH-M model in measuring a risk premium as a firm approaches bankruptcy.
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Books on the topic "Market Failures"

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Bhalla, A. S. Market or Government Failures? London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230629202.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., ed. Market and government failures. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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Phang, Sock-Yong. Housing finance systems: Market failures and government failures. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.

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Moreira, Mauricio Mesquita. Industrialization, Trade and Market Failures. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23698-5.

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Kerry, Turner R., and Jones Tom, eds. Wetlands: Market and intervention failures. London: Earthscan Publications, 1991.

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Cowen, Tyler. Public Goods and Market Failures. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003576570.

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Zagler, Martin. Endogenous Growth, Market Failures and Economic Policy. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27129-0.

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Levine, Mark D. Energy efficiency, market failures, and government policy. Berkeley, Calif: Energy Analysis Program, Energy and Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1994.

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Zagler, Martin. Endogenous growth, market failures and economic policy. New York, N.Y: St. Martin's Press, 1999.

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Ohashi, Kazunari. Japan's distressed-debt market. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, International Capital Markets Dept., 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Market Failures"

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Negishi, Takashi. "Market Failures." In Advances in Japanese Business and Economics, 127–46. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54535-4_8.

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Richards, Barry. "Market Failures." In Emotional Governance: Politics, Media and Terror, 171–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230592346_13.

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Phang, Sock-Yong. "Market Failures." In Housing Finance Systems, 24–39. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137014030_3.

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Frankel, Christian. "Market Failures." In Routledge International Handbook of Failure, 266–79. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429355950-23.

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Porrini, Donatella. "Insurance Market Failures." In Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, 1175–78. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7753-2_615.

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Porrini, Donatella. "Insurance Market Failures." In Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, 1–4. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7883-6_615-1.

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Porrini, Donatella. "Insurance Market Failures." In Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, 1–4. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7883-6_615-2.

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Bhalla, A. S. "Conclusion: Implementation Failures." In Market or Government Failures?, 162–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230629202_7.

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Meyer, Max. "The Market, Market Failures, and Market Interventions." In Liberal Democracy, 17–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47408-9_4.

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Ai, Huizi. "Market Failures in Takeovers." In Protecting Societal Interests in Corporate Takeovers, 15–33. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7546-2_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Market Failures"

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Sokolovskyi, Dmytro. "Model of Product Displacement from the Market: Market Failure under Complete Information." In 2024 14th International Conference on Advanced Computer Information Technologies (ACIT), 246–49. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acit62333.2024.10712591.

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Beleniuc, Nicoleta. "Market failures in the Republic of Moldova." In Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, editia 20. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975359030.32.

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Market failure expresses situations in which the market alone cannot allocate resources efficiently. This phenomenon is extremely important for contemporary economies, as it demonstrates that markets cannot operate efficiently solely on their own mechanisms, with a tendency to produce either too much or too little compared to social needs.
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Xiang, Hongqiao. "Market failures and tourism security issues." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6010610.

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Hennig, Roman, Simon H. Tindemans, and Laurens De Vries. "Market Failures in Local Flexibility Market Proposals for Distribution Network Congestion Management." In 2022 18th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem54602.2022.9920980.

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Pavlinović Mršić, Slađana. "Market failures of organic agriculture and information asymmetry." In The 5th Virtual Multidisciplinary Conference. Publishing Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18638/quaesti.2017.5.1.353.

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Li, Bing, and Giovanni Sansavini. "Energy markets impact on the risk of cascading failures in power systems." In 2017 14th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2017.7981958.

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CZYŻEWSKI, Bazyli, Sebastian STĘPIEŃ, and Jan POLCYN. "PAYMENTS FOR PUBLIC GOODS UNDER THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY VERSUS MARKET FAILURES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.008.

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In the reality of the marketplace, a situation often arises where an economic surplus (rent) achieved by agricultural producers is partly taken over by related non-agricultural sectors. In this sense the category of economic rent embraces market failures related to such factors as price flexibility, and thus represents an effect of the misallocation of resources in the agricultural sector. The question therefore arises of whether there exists a developmental model of agriculture in which such market failures would be reduced. Apparently the only coherent response to this need is action taken under the paradigm of sustainable agriculture. This type of model for the sector’s functioning is supported by the objectives of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), including through support for the supply of public goods in rural areas. This article addresses the question of whether CAP payments for public goods are a desirable systemic solution serving to reduce market failures. It is hypothesised that the financing of activity relating to the supply of public goods lessens the negative impact of the “market treadmill”, since it reduces the unexpected outflows of economic surplus away from farms, caused by agricultural prices. To verify the hypothesis, a panel regression analysis was performed on three sets: the EU-15 countries, the EU-12 countries, and – within Poland – subsectors of farms from six standard output classes. The analysis covered the years 2004–2012. The results of the computations provided confirmation of the hypothesis. It may be stated that an increase in the level of payments for public goods, as a percentage of total subsidies to agriculture, leads on average to a reduction in the drainage of economic rents through prices. It was also found that the financing of public goods under the CAP is more effective in reducing market failures in the EU-15 countries than in the EU-12.
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Ng, Chee We, Warren B. Jackson, Koenraad Van Schuylenbergh, David K. Biegelsen, Tad Hogg, and Andrew A. Berlin. "Distributed Resource Allocation for Smart Matter Using Decentralized Analog Computation and Communication." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0261.

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Abstract The use of analog circuits implementing market allocation for potential control and coordination of large numbers of MEMS actuators, controllers, and/or sensors is investigated. While theoretical work has shown that markets can allocate actuation or control in a robust, flexible, and distributed fashion, this paper demonstrates that analog hardware implementation of the markets is promising for actuation allocation. Like human markets, the analog circuit implementations are robust against changes in actuator function or failures. The market wire offers rapid communication and coordination among large numbers of agents.
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Uslu, Kamil, and Mustafa Batuhan Tufaner. "Effects of the Theory of Regulation on Financial Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01369.

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The role of the financial sector in the financial crisis occurring in the world economy and market failures throughout history, has brought the debate over financial regulation. Systemic risk cases, which plays a major role in the occurrence of the financial crisis, to ensure efficiency and stability of financial markets has revealed the need for regulations. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the impact of the financial crisis on the regulation theory. Financial crisis, leading to market failures, moral hazard problems and rent-seeking activities, economic and social structure has created negative. In this context, the pre-crisis and post-crisis regulatory measures can be taken, it is possible to say that the country would have a positive effect on macroeconomic fundamentals.
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Iden, Michael E., and Thomas Kennedy. "New Locomotives & Technologies: Reducing Operating & Market Failures Through Aggressive Use of Reliability Growth Testing (RGT)." In 2021 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2021-58360.

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Abstract Because of increasing interest and ongoing demand for reducing locomotive emissions, railroads and locomotive manufacturers may become involved in new propulsion technologies (such as fuel cells and new battery technologies) as eventual replacements for diesel-electric locomotives. Railroads and locomotive manufacturers (in the U.S. and elsewhere) have unfortunately had mixed results for decades in successfully introducing new locomotive models, power plants and new locomotive technologies with episodes of unacceptable levels of road failures, and post-delivery underperformance in terms of reliability, maintainability and operability. Occasionally, accumulative failures and performance shortfalls have resulted in excessive maintenance expenses and even premature retirement and scrappage of relatively “young” locomotive assets. A tool that should be used before new designs of locomotives (and locomotives with significant amounts of new technology) enter commercial production is Reliability Growth Testing (RGT). RGT requires and involves having a statistically significant number of “preproduction” locomotives (not experimental prototypes) operated and maintained under “real railroad” conditions (not exclusively at dedicated test facilities). RGT is always preceded by engineering analyses and design, production of preproduction components, test bench and test cell validation, etc, and is always followed by necessary redesign of components experiencing significant failures so that when commercial production is started the products have a high probability of meeting railroad customer expectations and requirements. Failure to do adequate RGT can produce a high risk of post-delivery failure for locomotive (and component) manufacturers, railroads and financial entities that mortgage new locomotives. RGT units can then, in fact, be reconfigured at the conclusion of RGT activity and delivered to a railroad as being “production compliant” units. Once any new locomotive has been “sold to the customer” it becomes a customer asset. Having to modify (“fix”) a marginal or “bad” locomotive design after a railroad customer has accepted it (sometimes multiple times!) is an unacceptable outcome in a locomotive’s early life.
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Reports on the topic "Market Failures"

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Chien, YiLi, and Yi Wen. Optimal Fiscal Policies under Market Failures. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2020.002.

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Bryan, Kevin, and Heidi Williams. Innovation: Market Failures and Public Policies. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29173.

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Levine, M. D., J. G. Koomey, J. E. McMahon, A. H. Sanstad, and E. Hirst. Energy efficiency, market failures, and government policy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10146704.

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Rivera, Luis, Ricardo Monge-González, and Julio Rosales-Tijerino. Productive Development Policies in Costa Rica: Market Failures, Government Failures, and Policy Outcomes. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010930.

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This paper analyzes five Productive Development Policies (PDPs) implemented in Costa Rica, finding that they are not optimally addressing market failures. Moreover, government failures rather than market failures represent the main justification for PDPs. Even in the presence of market failures, the policy instruments applied are not necessarily the most economically efficient but rather the most politically feasible options. In addition, the lack of policy evaluation and monitoring prevents adjustments and corrections of such policies. Addressing the arguments for policy intervention and incorporating the results of evaluation into policy design and reform are necessary conditions for success. In spite of positive policy outcomes, limitations to enhance competitiveness and create the conditions for productivity growth are still present. An umbrella approach in the case of those PDPs that reinforce each other is necessary for productivity growth.
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Wei, Shang-Jin, Ziru Wei, and Jianhuan Xu. Sizing up Market Failures in Export Pioneering Activities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23893.

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Jones, Maria, Florence Kondylis, John Loeser, and Jeremy Magruder. Factor Market Failures and the Adoption of Irrigation in Rwanda. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26698.

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Bonilla, María Isabel, Sigfrido Lée, and Mario Cuevas. The Missing Foundations of Housing Finance: Incomplete Markets, Fragmented Policies and Emerging Solutions in Guatemala. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008911.

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In Guatemala there are substantial and growing imbalances in the housing market; at the same time, financial markets remain shallow and underdeveloped. The analytical framework applied in this paper starts by identifying the types of market failures responsible for the underdevelopment of the housing finance system. The working hypothesis is that there is a correlation between the nature and scope of market failures, and the kind of public interventions actually implemented. Evidence collected points to a rejection of the policy adequacy hypothesis. Nevertheless, it is encouraging that solutions have begun to emerge as economic agents learn to overcome market failures; these experiences are reinterpreted as "natural experiments" showing what could happen if market failures could be fixed at a large scale through appropriate government policy. Building on this framework, the paper proposes guidelines for the design and implementation of housing finance policy in Guatemala.
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Sanstad, A. H., J. G. Koomey, and M. D. Levine. On the economic analysis of problems in energy efficiency: Market barriers, market failures, and policy implications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10163874.

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Sanstad, A. H., J. G. Koomey, and M. D. Levine. On the economic analysis of problems in energy efficiency: Market barriers, market failures, and policy implications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6287980.

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Bukstein, Daniel, Elisa Hernández, and Ximena Usher. Assessing the Impacts of Market Failures on Innovation Investment in Uruguay. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001201.

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